Researcher Profile and Settings

Affiliation

• Arctic Research Center

Job Title

• Associate Professor

Degree

• PhD, Zoology（University of Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland）
• Postgraduate Diploma, Statistics（University of Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland）
• MSc Aquatic Ecosystem Management（School of Life Sciences, Napier University, UK）
• BSc Forestry（Universidad de Valladolid, Spain）

URL

http://garciamj.wix.com/jorgegarciamolinos

J-Global ID

• 201601009104068783

Research Interests

• Arctic   Aquatic ecology   Disturbance ecology   Biogeography   Climate change ecology   

Research Areas

• Life sciences / Marine/Aquatic life sciences
• Environmental science/Agricultural science / Biological resource conservation
• Environmental science/Agricultural science / Environmental dynamics / Ecology

Educational Organization

•  Master's degree program　Graduate School of Environmental Science
•  Doctoral (PhD) degree program　Graduate School of Environmental Science

Academic & Professional Experience

• 2016/02 - Today Hokkaido University Arctic Research Center Assistant Professor
• 2015/07 - 2015/12 National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies Research Associate
• 2013/04 - 2015/10 Scottish Association for Marine Science Ecology Department Research Associate in Climate Change Ecology
• 2014/10 - 2015/03 National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies Visiting researcher
• 2011/08 - 2013/02 University of Dublin, Trinity College Ecology Department Research Associate
• 2005/09 - 2006/09 Environment Protection Agency (Zamora, Spain) Wildlife Division Forestry Engineer
• 2001/07 - 2003/02 Estudios y Proyectos Linea (Environment Consultancy) Forestry engineer
• 2000/04 - 2000/07 National Botanic Gardens Assistant curator

Education

• 2006/09 - 2010/07  University of Dublin, Trinity College  Zoology  PhD
• 2008 - 2008  University of Dublin, Trinity Col lege  Statistics  Postgraduate Diploma
• 2003/09 - 2004/09  Napier University  School of Life Sciences  MSc Aquatic Ecosystem Management
• 1999/09 - 2003/07  Universidad de Valladolid  Escuela Universitaria Politecnica Agraria  Ingeniero Superior de Montes (BSc Forestry Engineer)
• 2002 - 2003  Universidad de Valladolid  Postgraduate Certificate in Education
• 1994/09 - 1998/09  Universidad de Valladolid  Escuela Universitaria Politecnica Agraria  Ingeniero Tecnico Forestal (Diploma Forestry Engineer)

Association Memberships

• British Ecological Society   THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN   

Research Activities

Published Papers

• Efficacy of aural detection methods for detecting Northern Pika (Ochotona hyperborea) occupancy in rocky and densely vegetated habitats

  Tomoki Sakiyama, Jorge García Molinos

  Journal of Mammalogy 0022-2372 2023/06/24 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Abstract Wildlife monitoring plays a key role in species conservation, with growing importance under the threat of climate change. The Northern Pika (Ochotona hyperborea) is a cold-adapted species found in Hokkaido, Japan, presumably vulnerable to such threats. However, its high elusiveness hinders detailed population surveys, and visual detection methods—often used for other pika species—are not applicable to its densely vegetated habitats. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of aural detection methods to survey the occupancy of Northern Pika through their distinct vocalizations. We conducted two types of point-count surveys—auditory observation and playback—during 2021 at 18 sites in and around Daisetsuzan National Park. We then assessed the efficacy of these methods in detecting presence and compared time until first detection of the animal. The Northern Pika was present at 11 of all surveyed sites, with a predominance at higher elevations. Our results suggest that both auditory observation and playback are effective at detecting presence, but playback is more time-efficient. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method given these results. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that both survey methods are applicable for Northern Pika population surveys—even in densely vegetated habitats—representing valid and affordable survey methods that can help to improve current monitoring and conservation efforts, and will be of increasing value given potentially negative effects of climate change on persistence of the species.
• Estimating global artisanal fishing fleet responses in an era of rapid climate and economic change

  Alex N. Tidd, Vasquez Caballero, Elena Ojea, Reg A. Watson, Jorge García Molinos

  Frontiers in Marine Science 10 2023/03/17 

  There is an urgent need to assess the extent to which the global fishing enterprise can be sustainable in the face of climate change. Artisanal fishing plays a crucial role in sustaining livelihoods and meeting food security demands in coastal countries. Yet, the ability of the artisanal sector to do so not only depends on the economic efficiency of the fleets, but also on the changing productivity and distribution of target species under rapid climate change in the oceans. These impacts are already leading to sudden declines, long-term collapses in production, or increases in the price of fish products, which can further exacerbate excess levels of fishing capacity. We examined historical changes (1950-2014) in technical efficiency within the global artisanal fishing fleets in relation to sea surface temperature anomalies, market prices by taxonomic group, and fuel costs. We show that temperature anomalies affected countries differently; while some have enhanced production from an increase in the resource distribution, which alter the structure of the ecosystem, others have had to adapt to the negative impacts of seawater warming. In addition, efficiency decreases are also related to rises in global marine fish price, whereby more labour and capital are attracted into the fishery, which in turn can lead to an excess in fleet capacity. Our results contribute to the understanding of how the effects of climate-induced change in the oceans could potentially affect the efficiency of artisanal fishing fleets.
• Geology‐Climate Interactions are Key Determinants of Climate‐Change Refugia in Japanese Mountain Streams

  Nobuo Ishiyama, Masanao Sueyoshi, Jorge García Molinos, Kenta Iwasaki, Junjiro N. Negishi, Itsuro Koizumi, Shigeya Nagayama, Akiko Nagasaka, Yu Nagasaka, Futoshi Nakamura

  The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 0012-9623 2023/03/15
• Pan-Arctic marine biodiversity and species co-occurrence patterns under recent climate

  Irene D. Alabia, Jorge García Molinos, Takafumi Hirata, Franz J. Mueter, Carmen L. David

  Scientific Reports 13 (1) 2023/03/11 

  Abstract The Arctic region is experiencing drastic climatic changes bringing about potential ecological shifts. Here, we explored marine biodiversity and potential species associations across eight Arctic marine areas between 2000 and 2019. We compiled species occurrences for a subset of 69 marine taxa (i.e., 26 apex predators and 43 mesopredators) and environmental factors to predict taxon-specific distributions using a multi-model ensemble approach. Arctic-wide temporal trends of species richness increased in the last 20 years and highlighted potential emerging areas of species accrual due to climate-driven species redistribution. Further, regional species associations were dominated by positive co-occurrences among species pairs with high frequencies in the Pacific and Atlantic Arctic areas. Comparative analyses of species richness, community composition, and co-occurrence between high and low summer sea ice concentrations revealed contrasting impacts of and detected areas vulnerable to sea ice changes. In particular, low (high) summer sea ice generally resulted in species gains (loss) in the inflow and loss (gains) in the outflow shelves, accompanied by substantial changes in community composition and therefore potential species associations. Overall, the recent changes in biodiversity and species co-occurrences in the Arctic were driven by pervasive poleward range shifts, especially for wide-ranging apex predators. Our findings highlight the varying regional impacts of warming and sea ice loss on Arctic marine communities and provide important insights into the vulnerability of Arctic marine areas to climate change.
• Underlying geology and climate interactively shape climate change refugia in mountain streams

  Nobuo Ishiyama, Masanao Sueyoshi, Jorge García Molinos, Kenta Iwasaki, Junjiro N. Negishi, Itsuro Koizumi, Shigeya Nagayama, Akiko Nagasaka, Yu Nagasaka, Futoshi Nakamura

  Ecological Monographs 93 (2) 0012-9615 2023/02/16
• Climate, currents and species traits contribute to early stages of marine species redistribution

  Jorge García Molinos, Heather L. Hunt, Madeline E. Green, Curtis Champion, Jason R. Hartog, Gretta T. Pecl

  Communications Biology 5 1329  2022/12 [Refereed]
  
• Timescale mediates the effects of environmental controls on water temperature in mid- to low-order streams

  Jorge García Molinos, Ishiyama Nobuo, Masanao Sueyoshi, Futoshi Nakamura

  Scientific Reports 2022/12
• A meta-analysis of environmental responses to freshwater ecosystem restoration in China (1987–2018)

  Hong Fu, Jun Xu, Huan Zhang, Jorge García Molinos, Min Zhang, Megan Klaar, Lee E. Brown

  Environmental Pollution 120589 - 120589 0269-7491 2022/11
• Stronger adaptive response among small-scale fishers experiencing greater climate change hazard exposure

  Xochitl Édua Elías Ilosvay, Jorge García Molinos, Elena Ojea

  Communications Earth & Environment 2022/10/20
• Need to shift in river-lake connection scheme under the “ten-year fishing ban” in the Yangtze River, China

  Ruilong Wang, Yi Han, Fei Fan, Jorge García Molinos, Jun Xu, Kexiong Wang, Ding Wang, Zhigang Mei

  Ecological Indicators 143 109434 - 109434 1470-160X 2022/10
• Faster ocean warming threatens richest areas of marine biodiversity

  Stuart C. Brown, Camille Mellin, Jorge García Molinos, Eline D. Lorenzen, Damien A. Fordham

  Global Change Biology 2022/10
• Climate change and fishing are pulling the functional diversity of the world's largest marine fisheries to opposite extremes

  Kangshun Zhao, Steven D. Gaines, Jorge García Molinos, Min Zhang, Jun Xu

  Global Ecology and Biogeography 31 (8) 1616 - 1629 1466-822X 2022/08
• Biological traits, geographic distributions, and species conservation in aquatic ecosystems

  Yun‐Wei Dong, Jorge García Molinos, Eric R. Larson, Qiang Lin, Xuan Liu, Gianluca Sarà, Qing‐Hua Cai, Zhixin Zhang, Brian Helmuth, Amanda Bates

  Diversity and Distributions 2022/08
• Study protocol: International joint research project ‘climate change resilience of Indigenous socioecological systemsʼ (RISE)

  Jorge García Molinos, Gideon Kruseman, Tuyara Gavrilyeva, Pattamaporn Joompa, Daiju Narita, Sinee Chotiboriboon, Varvara Parilova, Solot Sirisai, Innokentiy Okhlopkov, Zhixin Zhang, Natalia Yakovleva, Prapa Kongpunya, Sueppong Gowachirapant, Viacheslav Gabyshev, Wantanee Kriengsinyos

  PLOS ONE 17 (7) e0271792 - e0271792 2022/07/21 

  Background Anthropogenic changes in the environment are increasingly threatening the sustainability of socioecological systems on a global scale. As stewards of the natural capital of over a quarter of the world’s surface area, Indigenous Peoples (IPs), are at the frontline of these changes. Indigenous socioecological systems (ISES) are particularly exposed and sensitive to exogenous changes because of the intimate bounds of IPs with nature. Traditional food systems (TFS) represent one of the most prominent components of ISES, providing not only diverse and nutritious food but also critical socioeconomic, cultural, and spiritual assets. However, a proper understanding of how future climate change may compromise TFS through alterations of related human-nature interactions is still lacking. Climate change resilience of indigenous socioecological systems (RISE) is a new joint international project that aims to fill this gap in knowledge. Methods and design RISE will use a comparative case study approach coupling on-site socioeconomic, nutritional, and ecological surveys of the target ISES of Sakha (Republic of Sakha, Russian Federation) and Karen (Kanchanaburi, Thailand) people with statistical models projecting future changes in the distribution and composition of traditional food species under contrasting climate change scenarios. The results presented as alternative narratives of future climate change impacts on TFS will be integrated into a risk assessment framework to explore potential vulnerabilities of ISES operating through altered TFS, and possible adaptation options through stakeholder consultation so that lessons learned can be applied in practice. Discussion By undertaking a comprehensive analysis of the socioeconomic and nutritional contributions of TFS toward the sustainability of ISES and projecting future changes under alternative climate change scenarios, RISE is strategically designed to deliver novel and robust science that will contribute towards the integration of Indigenous issues within climate change and sustainable agendas while generating a forum for discussion among Indigenous communities and relevant stakeholders. Its goal is to promote positive co-management and regional development through sustainability and climate change adaptation.
• Expanding ocean food production under climate change

  Christopher M. Free, Reniel B. Cabral, Halley E. Froehlich, Willow Battista, Elena Ojea, Erin O’Reilly, James E. Palardy, Jorge García Molinos, Katherine J. Siegel, Ragnar Arnason, Marie Antonette Juinio-Meñez, Katharina Fabricius, Carol Turley, Steven D. Gaines

  Nature 605 (7910) 490 - 496 2022/05/19
• The role of geology in creating stream climate-change refugia along climate gradients

  Nobuo Ishiyama, Masanao Sueyoshi, García Molinos Jorge, Kenta Iwasaki, N Junjiro Negishi, Itsuro Koizumi, Shigeya Nagayama, Akiko Nagasaka, Yu Nagasaka, Futoshi Nakamura

  2022/05/04
• Towards climate-smart, three-dimensional protected areas for biodiversity conservation in the high seas

  Isaac Brito-Morales, David S. Schoeman, Jason D. Everett, Carissa J. Klein, Daniel C. Dunn, Jorge García Molinos, Michael T. Burrows, Kristine Camille V. Buenafe, Rosa Mar Dominguez, Hugh P. Possingham, Anthony J. Richardson

  Nature Climate Change 12 (4) 402 - 407 2022/04
• Plasticity in rotifer morphology induced by conflicting threats from multiple predators

  Huan Zhang, Yuhan He, Liang He, Kangshun Zhao, Jorge García Molinos, Lars‐Anders Hansson, Jun Xu

  Freshwater Biology 67 (3) 498 - 507 0046-5070 2022/03
• Predators mitigate the destabilising effects of heatwaves on multitrophic stream communities

  Samuel R. P.‐J. Ross, Jorge García Molinos, Atsushi Okuda, Jackson Johnstone, Keisuke Atsumi, Ryo Futamura, Maureen A. Williams, Yuichi Matsuoka, Jiro Uchida, Shoji Kumikawa, Hiroshi Sugiyama, Osamu Kishida, Ian Donohue

  Global Change Biology 28 (2) 403 - 416 1354-1013 2022/01
• Mitigation of urbanization effects on aquatic ecosystems by synchronous ecological restoration.

  Hong Fu, Pierre Gaüzère, Jorge García Molinos, Peiyu Zhang, Huan Zhang, Min Zhang, Yuan Niu, Hui Yu, Lee E Brown, Jun Xu

  Water research 204 117587 - 117587 2021/10/01 

  Ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss have been caused by economic booms in developing countries over recent decades. In response, ecosystem restoration projects have been advanced in some countries but the effectiveness of different approaches and indicators at large spatio-temporal scales (i.e., whole catchments) remains poorly understood. This study assessed the effectiveness of a diverse array of 440 aquatic restoration projects including wastewater treatment, constructed wetlands, plant/algae salvage and dredging of contaminated sediments implemented and maintained from 2007 to 2017 across more than 2000 km2 of the northwest Taihu basin (Yixing, China). Synchronized investigations of water quality and invertebrate communities were conducted before and after restoration. Our analysis showed that even though there was rapid urbanization at this time, nutrient concentrations (NH4+-N, TN, TP) and biological indices of benthic invertebrate (taxonomic richness, Shannon diversity, sensitive taxon density) improved significantly across most of the study area. Improvements were associated with the type of restoration project, with projects targeting pollution-sources leading to the clearest ecosystem responses compared with those remediating pollution sinks. However, in some locations, the recovery of biotic communities appears to lag behind nutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus), likely reflecting long-distance re-colonization routes for invertebrates given the level of pre-restoration degradation of the catchment. Overall, the study suggests that ecological damage caused by recent rapid economic development in China could potentially be mitigated by massive restoration investments synchronized across whole catchments, although these effects could be expected to be enhanced if urbanization rates were reduced at the same time.
• Synergistic effects of warming and eutrophication alert zooplankton predator‐prey interactions along the benthic–pelagic interface

  Huan Zhang, Peiyu Zhang, Huan Wang, Jorge Garc{\'{\i } }a Molinos, Lars-Anders Hansson, Liang He, Min Zhang, Jun Xu

  Global Change Biology 27 (22) 5907 - 5919 1365-2486 2021/08/14 

  Contemporary evidence suggests that climate change and other co-occurring large-scale environmental changes, such as eutrophication, will have a considerable impact on aquatic communities. However, the interactions of these environmental changes on trophic interactions among zooplankton remain largely unknown. Here we present results of a mesocosm experiment examining how a couple of zooplankton predator and prey taxa with different life-history strategies respond to the combined effect of an increase in temperature (4.5°C) and in eutrophication (phosphorus addition), during the crucial recruiting and growing season. We show that the addition of phosphorus alone significantly weakened the top-down effects by the cyclopoid copepod predators on their rotifer prey. In contrast, warming strengthened the top-down effects from the predator, leading to a reduction in the abundance of the rotifer prey. These effects of warming were enhanced by phosphorus addition. Together, our results demonstrate that warming made plankton prey organisms more susceptible to top-down effects from predators, but reduced their sensitivity to nutrient enrichment. In terms of the phenological effects, warming advanced the termination of diapause for both rotifers and cyclopoid copepods by about 2 weeks, but these temporal shifts, akin for both groups, resulted in no apparent trophic mismatch. Hence, from a future perspective, cyclopoid copepods are likely to benefit more from the combination of nutrient enrichment and climate warming to the detriment of their rotifer prey.
• Eutrophication causes invertebrate biodiversity loss and decreases cross-taxon congruence across anthropogenically-disturbed lakes.

  Huan Wang, Jorge García Molinos, Jani Heino, Huan Zhang, Peiyu Zhang, Jun Xu

  Environment international 153 106494 - 106494 2021/08 

  Eutrophication is a major problem currently impacting many surface water ecosystems. Impacts of increased nutrient concentrations on biodiversity may differ between different scales, different organism groups, and different trophic states. Surveys at different spatial scales have suggested that biodiversity of different taxa may exhibit significant cross-taxon congruence. In our study, we examined the diversity of zooplankton and zoobenthos across 261 lakes in the Lake Taihu watershed, an area that is undergoing a severe eutrophication process. We tested the cross-taxon congruence in species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity between zooplankton and zoobenthos along a nutrient gradient across the lakes. Our findings were consistent with the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, considering nutrient input as the disturbance. Also, we found significant cross-taxon congruence between zooplankton and zoobenthos diversities. Our results confirmed that excess nutrient levels resulted in diversity loss and community simplification. Zoobenthos were more sensitive to nutrient increases compared with zooplankton, which decreased cross-taxon congruence because these organism groups did not respond similarly to the anthropogenic disturbance.
• Marine biodiversity refugia in a climate‐sensitive subarctic shelf

  Irene D. Alabia, Jorge García Molinos, Takafumi Hirata, Franz J. Mueter, Toru Hirawake, Sei‐Ichi Saitoh

  Global Change Biology 27 (14) 3299 - 3311 1354-1013 2021/07/25 

  The subarctic shelf of the Eastern Bering Sea (EBS) is one of the world's most productive marine environments, exposed to drastic climate changes characterized by extreme fluctuations in temperature, sea ice concentration, timing, and duration. These climatic changes elicit profound responses in species distribution, abundance, and community composition. Here, we examined the patterns of alpha and temporal beta diversity of 159 marine taxa (66 vertebrates and 93 invertebrate species) from 29 years (1990–2018) of species observations from the NOAA bottom trawl surveys in the EBS. Based on these data, we identified geographically distinct refugial zones in the northern and southern regions of the middle shelf, defined by high species richness and similarity in community species composition over time. These refugial zones harbor higher frequencies of occurrence for representative taxa relative to the regions outside of refugia. We also explored the primary environmental factors structuring marine biodiversity distributions, which underpinned the importance of the winter sea ice concentration to alpha and temporal beta diversity. The spatial biodiversity distributions between high and low winter sea ice regimes highlighted contrasting signals. In particular, the latter showed elevated species richness compared to the former. Further, the temporal beta diversity between the high and low winter sea ice periods underpinned an overall increase in the compositional similarity of marine communities in the EBS. Despite these spatiotemporal differences in biodiversity distributions, the identified refugia represent safe havens of marine biodiversity in the EBS. Distinguishing these areas can help facilitate conservation and management efforts under accelerated and ongoing climatic changes.
• Seasonality and aquatic metacommunity assemblage in three abandoned gold mining ponds in the southwestern Amazon, Madre de Dios (Peru)

  Julio M. Araújo-Flores, Jorge Garate-Quispe, Jorge García Molinos, Jorge M. Pillaca-Ortiz, Jorge Caballero-Espejo, Cesar Ascorra, Miles Silman, Luis E. Fernandez

  Ecological Indicators 125 107455 - 107455 1470-160X 2021/06
• Multiple facets of marine biodiversity in the Pacific Arctic under future climate

  Irene D. Alabia, Jorge García Molinos, Sei-Ichi Saitoh, Takafumi Hirata, Toru Hirawake, Franz J. Mueter

  Science of The Total Environment 744 140913 - 140913 0048-9697 2020/11 

  Climate change is triggering a global reorganization of marine life. Biogeographical transition zones, diversity-rich regions straddling biogeographical units where many species live at, or close to, their physiological tolerance limits (i.e., range distribution edges), are redistribution hotspots that offer a unique opportunity to understand the mechanisms and consequences of climate-driven thermophilization processes in natural communities. In this context, we examined the impacts of climate change projections in the 21st century (2026–2100) on marine biodiversity in the Eastern Bering and Chukchi seas within the Pacific Arctic, a climatically exposed and sensitive boreal-to-Arctic transition zone. Overall, projected changes in species distributions, modeled using species distribution models, resulted in poleward increases in species richness and functional redundancy, along with pronounced reductions in phylogenetic distances by century's end (2076–2100). Future poleward shifts of boreal species in response to warming and sea ice changes are projected to alter the taxonomic and functional biogeography of contemporary Arctic communities as larger, longer-lived and more predatory taxa expand their leading distributional margins. Drawing from the existing evidence from other Arctic regions, these changes are anticipated to increase the susceptibility and vulnerability of the Arctic ecosystems, as trophic connectance between biological components increases, thus decreasing the modularity of Arctic food webs. Our results demonstrate how integrating multiple diversity facets can provide key insights into the relationships between climate change, species composition and ecosystem functioning across marine biogeographic regions.
• Differential Responses of Food Web Properties to Opposite Assembly Rules and Species Richness

  Yulun Guo, Tao Wang, Jorge García Molinos, Huan Zhang, Peiyu Zhang, Min Zhang, Jun Xu

  Water 12 (10) 2828 - 2828 2020/10/12 

  Trophic niches condition the energetic performance of species within food webs providing a vital link between food web assembly, species diversity, and functioning of ecosystems. Our understanding of this important link is, however, limited by the lack of empirical tools that can be easily applied to compare entire food webs at regional scales. By comparison, with different a priori synthetic models defined according to specific assembly rules (i.e., purely random, limiting similarity, and niche filtering), we demonstrate that a set of food web properties (trophic richness, evenness, and divergence) are controlled by ecological processes. We further demonstrate that although both limiting similarity and niche filtering are statistically significant assembly processes shaping our studied lake food webs, their relative importance is richness-dependent, and contextual to the specific food web property under consideration. Our results have both important theoretical and practical implications. Theoretically, the observed richness-dependent variation on food web properties contradicts the common criticism on food web theory that food web properties are roughly scale-invariant. Practically, these properties can help avoiding spurious conclusions, while providing useful information for multiple food web niche spaces supporting the ecosystem functioning.
• Climate velocity reveals increasing exposure of deep-ocean biodiversity to future warming

  Isaac Brito-Morales, David S. Schoeman, Jorge García Molinos, Michael T. Burrows, Carissa J. Klein, Nur Arafeh-Dalmau, Kristin Kaschner, Cristina Garilao, Kathleen Kesner-Reyes, Anthony J. Richardson

  Nature Climate Change 10 (6) 576 - 581 1758-678X 2020/06
• Governance challenges for tropical nations losing fish species due to climate change

  Kimberly L. Oremus, Jennifer Bone, Christopher Costello, Jorge García Molinos, Alice Lee, Tracey Mangin, James Salzman

  Nature Sustainability 3 (4) 277 - 280 2020/04/24 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Realistic fisheries management reforms could mitigate the impacts of climate change in most countries

  Free, Christopher M. AND Mangin, Tracey AND García Molinos, Jorge AND Ojea, Elena AND Burden, Merrick AND Costello, Christopher AND Gaines, Steven D.

  PLOS ONE 15 (3) 2020/03 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• A dynamic temperature difference control recording system in shallow lake mesocosm

  Tao Wang, Jun Xu, Jorge García Molinos, Chao Li, Bowen Hu, Meng Pan, Min Zhang

  MethodsX 7 100930 - 100930 2215-0161 2020 

  The effects of climate change on shallow lakes were studied via control experiments, such as a mesocosm study. Accurate control, monitoring and recording of temperature difference are crucial for the ongoing simulation of warming mesocosm. In this article, we provide a method that can adjust automatically and allow real-time monitoring and recording of water temperature. This system is composed of three main parts: the temperature sensor DS18B20, which measures and outputs the digital temperature value; a C8051F320 microcontroller, which acquires, analyses and stores the temperature data and performs control upon start and shutdown of external heating elements; and external heating devices perform heating until the target temperature difference is achieved.•This system can maintain a certain temperature difference under gradually changing external environmental conditions.•This system can achieve real-time online monitoring of water temperature.•This system has an excellent ability to resist disturbance.
• Effects of warming, climate extremes and phosphorus enrichment on the growth, sexual reproduction and propagule carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry of Potamogeton crispus L

  Jun Xu, Tao Wang, Jorge García Molinos, Chao Li, Bowen Hu, Meng Pan, Min Zhang

  Environment International 137 105502 - 105502 0160-4120 2020 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Global marine warming in a new dimension

  García Molinos, J.

  Nature Ecology & Evolution 4 10.1038/s41559-019-1037-5  2397-334X 2020/01 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• VoCC: An R package for calculating the velocity of climate change and related climatic metrics

  García Molinos, Jorge, D.S. Schoeman, C.J. Brown, M.T. Burrows

  Methods in Ecology and Evolution 10 (12) 2195 - 2202 2041-210X 2019/12 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Ocean community warming responses explained by thermal affinities and temperature gradients

  Burrows, M.T., A.E. Bates, M.J. Costello, M. Edwards, G.J. Edgar, C.J. Fox, B.S. Halpern, J.G. Hiddink, M.L. Pinsky, R.D. Batt, J. García Molinos, B.L. Payne, D.S. Schoeman, R.D. Stuart-Smith, R.S. Poloczanska

  Nature Climate Change 9 959 - 963 1758-6798 2019/11/25 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Cross-taxon congruence of multiple diversity facets of freshwater assemblages is determined by large-scale processes across China

  Jun Xu, Jorge García Molinos, Guohuan Su, Shin ichiro S. Matsuzaki, Munemitsu Akasaka, Huan Zhang, Jani Heino

  Freshwater Biology 64 (8) 1492 - 1503 0046-5070 2019/08 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. An intensively debated issue in ecology is whether variability in the patterns of diversity of different groups of organisms is congruent in space, a phenomenon referred to as cross-taxon congruence. Whereas this has been previously mainly tested in terms of taxonomic dissimilarity, the role of ecological processes in determining the congruence of multiple diversity facets (i.e. α- and β-diversity, taxonomic, and functional) remains poorly understood. We used a data set of observation records for 469 macrophyte and 543 fish taxa at the catchment-scale from the existing literature and data bases to test the existence of multi-faceted congruence patterns and investigate the variables driving them across 214 catchments covering the whole Chinese mainland. We found cross-taxon congruence of multiple diversity aspects between fish and macrophyte communities. The energy (i.e. diversity is limited by energy availability), area/environmental heterogeneity (i.e. diversity is higher in larger and more heterogeneous areas), and dispersal (i.e. diversity is driven by dispersal) hypotheses were all significantly attributed to the cross-taxon congruence, suggesting the existence of key repeated mechanisms underlying assemblage organisation. Our study provides new evidence that can further our understanding of the factors and underlying processes explaining cross-taxon congruence patterns at broad spatial scales in the freshwater realm, the studies of which significantly lag those in the marine and terrestrial realms. The present findings also provide important baseline information for freshwater conservation initiatives.
• Cross‐taxon congruence of multiple diversity facets of freshwater assemblages is determined by large‐scale processes across China

  Xu, J., J. García Molinos, G. Su, S.S. Matsuzaki, M. Akasaka, H. Zhang, J. Heino

  Freshwater Biology 64 (8) 1492 - 1503 1365-2427 2019/08 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Drivers and Changes of the Poyang Lake Wetland Ecosystem

  Wang, Y., J. García Molinos, L. Shi, M. Zhang, Z. Wu, H. Zhang, J. Xu

  Wetlands https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157 1943-6246 2019/07/01 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Spatially Structured Environmental Variation Plays a Prominent Role on the Biodiversity of Freshwater Macrophytes Across China

  Zhang, M., J. García Molinos, G. Su, H. Zhang, J. Xu

  Frontiers in Plant Science 10 e161  1664-462X 2019/02/22 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Contemporary changes in structural dynamics and socioeconomic drivers of inland fishery in China

  Zhao, K., J. García Molinos, H. Zhang, M. Zhang, J. Xu,

  Science of The Total Environment 648 1535 - 1535 2019 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Ocean currents and herbivory drive macroalgae-to-coral community shift under climate warming

  Naoki H. Kumagai, Jorge García Molinos, Hiroya Yamano, Shintaro Takao, Masahiko Fujii, Yasuhiro Yamanaka

  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (36) 8990 - 8995 2018/09/04 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Improved fisheries management could offset many negative effects of climate change

  Gaines, S.D., C. Costello, B. Owashi, T. Mangin, J. Bone, J. García Molinos, M. Burden, H. Dennis, B.S. Halpern, C.V. Kappel, K.M. Kleisner, D. Ov, o

  Science Advances 4 (8) eaao1378  2018/08 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Distribution shifts of marine taxa in the Pacific Arctic under contemporary climate changes

  I.D. Alabia, J. García Molinos, S.I. Saitoh, T. Hirawake, T. Hirata, F.J. Mueter

  Diversity and Distributions doi: 10.1111/ddi.12788 2018/06 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Climate velocity can inform conservation in a warming world

  Brito-Morales, I., J. García Molinos, D.S. Schoeman, M.T. Burrows, E.S. Poloczanska, C.J. Brown, S. Ferrier, T.D. Harwood, C.J. Klein, E. McDonald-Madden, P.J. Moore, J.M. P, olfi, J.E.M. Watson, A.S. Wenger, A.J. Richardson

  Trends in Ecology and Evolution 33 (6) 2018/04/28 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Functional and Taxonomic Differentiation of Macrophyte Assemblages Across the Yangtze River Floodplain Under Human Impacts

  Min Zhang, Jorge García Molinos, Xiaolin Zhang, Jun Xu

  Frontiers in Plant Science 9 Article 387  2018/03/27 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Improving the interpretability of climate landscape metrics: An ecological risk analysis of Japan's Marine Protected Areas

  J. García Molinos, S. Takao, N.H. Kumagai, E.S. Poloczanska, M.T. Burrows, M. Fujii, H. Yamano

  Global Change Biology 10.1111/gcb.13665 2017/10 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Ocean currents modify the coupling between climate change and biogeographical shifts

  García Molinos, J., M.T. Burrows, E.S. Poloczanska

  Scientific Reports 7 1332  2045-2322 2017/05/02 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Biodiversity and Climate Change in the Oceans

  Booth, D.J., E.S. Poloczanska, J.M. Donelson, J. García Molinos, M.T. Burrows

  Climate Change Impacts on Fisheries and Aquaculture 2017
• Optimal response to habitat linkage of local fish diversity and mean trophic level

  Jun Xu, Huan Zhang, Yongjiu Cai, Jorge Garcia Molinos, Min Zhang

  LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY 61 (4) 1438 - 1448 0024-3590 2016/07 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Spatially segregated ecosystems are frequently subsidized by cross-habitat linkages, but the extent to which the functional links between habitats influence local community attributes, such as consumer and food web structure is still poorly understood. Using the bidirectional linkage between benthic and pelagic habitats in floodplain lakes, we address this important question by looking for evidence of an optimal extent of habitat linkage supporting maximum taxonomic richness and mean trophic level. We then ask if there are significant changes in these local community attributes between historical and current communities, and if these reflect the history of species loss resulting from the intense human alteration of these lakes. We found a strong optimal response of maximum richness and mean trophic level along the pelagic-benthic gradient, both across and within individual lakes. This is consistent with the expectation of optimal resource availability along the habitat linkage gradient supporting more and taxonomically richer communities. Comparison between historical and current assemblages revealed a significant decrease in the optimal linkage for maximum richness in response to the history of species loss, but not for maximum mean trophic level, probably a response to the increased habitat homogenization and enhanced productivity caused by the recent history of nutrient-enrichment and habitat alteration. Our study provides strong evidence of high diversity and trophic level occurring at intermediate levels of coupling between pelagic and benthic resources, suggesting assemblage reliance on multiple production sources, and offers novel insight into the responses of this relationship to species loss due to human activities.
• Responses of marine organisms to climate change across oceans

  Elvira S. Poloczanska, Michael T. Burrows, Christopher J. Brown, Jorge García Molinos, Benjamin S. Halpern, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Carrie V. Kappel, Pippa J. Moore, Anthony J. Richardson, David S. Schoeman, William J. Sydeman

  Frontiers in Marine Science 3 (MAY)  - JorgeGM 2296-7745 2016 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Climate change is driving changes in the physical and chemical properties of the ocean that have consequences for marine ecosystems. Here, we review evidence for the responses of marine life to recent climate change across ocean regions, from tropical seas to polar oceans. We consider observed changes in calcification rates, demography, abundance, distribution, and phenology of marine species. We draw on a database of observed climate change impacts on marine species, supplemented with evidence in the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. We discuss factors that limit or facilitate species' responses, such as fishing pressure, the availability of prey, habitat, light and other resources, and dispersal by ocean currents. We find that general trends in species' responses are consistent with expectations from climate change, including shifts in distribution to higher latitudes and to deeper locations, advances in spring phenology, declines in calcification, and increases in the abundance of warm-water species. The volume and type of evidence associated with species responses to climate change is variable across ocean regions and taxonomic groups, with predominance of evidence derived from the heavily-studied north Atlantic Ocean. Most investigations of the impact of climate change being associated with the impacts of changing temperature, with few observations of effects of changing oxygen, wave climate, precipitation (coastal waters), or ocean acidification. Observations of species responses that have been linked to anthropogenic climate change are widespread, but are still lacking for some taxonomic groups (e.g., phytoplankton, benthic invertebrates, marine mammals).
• Climate velocity and the future global redistribution of marine biodiversity

  Jorge Garcia Molinos, Benjamin S. Halpern, David S. Schoeman, Christopher J. Brown, Wolfgang Kiessling, Pippa J. Moore, John M. Pandolfi, Elvira S. Poloczanska, Anthony J. Richardson, Michael T. Burrows

  NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE 6 (1) 83 - + 1758-678X 2016/01 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Anticipating the effect of climate change on biodiversity, in particular on changes in community composition, is crucial for adaptive ecosystem management(1) but remains a critical knowledge gap(2). Here, we use climate velocity trajectories(3), together with information on thermal tolerances and habitat preferences, to project changes in global patterns of marine species richness and community composition under IPCC Representative Concentration Pathways(4) (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. Our simple, intuitive approach emphasizes climate connectivity, and enables us to model over 12 times as many species as previous studies(5,6). We find that range expansions prevail over contractions for both RCPs up to 2100, producing a net local increase in richness globally, and temporal changes in composition, driven by the redistribution rather than the loss of diversity. Conversely, widespread invasions homogenize present-day communities across multiple regions. High extirpation rates are expected regionally (for example, Indo-Pacific), particularly under RCP8.5, leading to strong decreases in richness and the anticipated formation of no-analogue communities where invasions are common. The spatial congruence of these patterns with contemporary human impacts(7,8) highlights potential areas of future conservation concern. These results strongly suggest that the millennial stability of current global marine diversity patterns, against which conservation plans are assessed, will change rapidly over the course of the century in response to ocean warming.
• Human impacts on functional and taxonomic homogenization of plateau fish assemblages in Yunnan, China

  Guohuan Su, Jun Xu, Munemitsu Akasaka, Jorge Garcia Molinos, Shin-ichiro S. Matsuzaki

  GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION 4 470 - 478 2351-9894 2015/07 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Human activities and the consequent extinctions of native species and invasions of nonnative species have been changing the composition of species assemblages worldwide. These anthropogenic impacts alter not only the richness of assemblages but also the biological dissimilarity among them. However, much of the research effort to date has focused on changes in taxonomic dissimilarity (i.e. accounting for species composition) whether assessments of functional dissimilarity (i.e. accounting for the diversity of biological traits) are much more scarce, despite revealing important complimentary information by accounting for changes in the diversity of biological traits. Here, we assess the temporal (1950s against 2000s) changes in both taxonomic and functional dissimilarities of freshwater fish assemblages across lakes from the Yunnan Plateau in China. The Jaccard index to quantify the changes in both taxonomic and functional dissimilarity. We then partitioned dissimilarity to extract its turnover component and measured the changes in the contribution of turnover to dissimilarity. We found that functional and taxonomic homogenization occurred simultaneously. However, patterns between these two processes differed for some lakes. Taxonomic and functional homogenizations were stronger when the historical level of taxonomic dissimilarity among assemblages was high. The impact of extinctions of native species and invasions of non-native species on homogenization was otherwise complex to disentangle with no significant effect of any of the studied environmental factors. In agreement with other studies, our study proved that change in taxonomic dissimilarity cannot be used to predict changes in functional dissimilarity and, as an indicator of ecosystem functioning, functional dissimilarity should be used together with taxonomic dissimilarity to attain a more holistic understanding of human impacts on natural ecosystems. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B. V.
• Importance of Long-Term Cycles for Predicting Water Level Dynamics in Natural Lakes

  Jorge Garcia Molinos, Mafalda Viana, Michael Brennan, Ian Donohue

  PLOS ONE 10 (3) e0119253  1932-6203 2015/03 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Lakes are disproportionately important ecosystems for humanity, containing 77% of the liquid surface freshwater on Earth and comprising key contributors to global biodiversity. With an ever-growing human demand for water and increasing climate uncertainty, there is pressing need for improved understanding of the underlying patterns of natural variability of water resources and consideration of their implications for water resource management and conservation. Here we use Bayesian harmonic regression models to characterise water level dynamics and study the influence of cyclic components in confounding estimation of long-term directional trends in water levels in natural Irish lakes. We found that the lakes were characterised by a common and well-defined annual seasonality and several inter-annual and inter-decadal cycles with strong transient behaviour over time. Importantly, failing to account for the longer-term cyclic components produced a significant overall underestimation of the trend effect. Our findings demonstrate the importance of contextualising lake water resource management to the specific physical setting of lakes.
• Temperature tracking by North Sea benthic invertebrates in response to climate change

  Jan G. Hiddink, Michael T. Burrows, Jorge Garcia Molinos

  GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 21 (1) 117 - 129 1354-1013 2015/01 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Climate change is a major threat to biodiversity and distributions shifts are one of the most significant threats to global warming, but the extent to which these shifts keep pace with a changing climate is yet uncertain. Understanding the factors governing range shifts is crucial for conservation management to anticipate patterns of biodiversity distribution under future anthropogenic climate change. Soft-sediment invertebrates are a key faunal group because of their role in marine biogeochemistry and as a food source for commercial fish species. However, little information exists on their response to climate change. Here, we evaluate changes in the distribution of 65 North Sea benthic invertebrate species between 1986 and 2000 by examining their geographic, bathymetric and thermal niche shifts and test whether species are tracking their thermal niche as defined by minimum, mean or maximum sea bottom (SBT) and surface (SST) temperatures. Temperatures increased in the whole North Sea with many benthic invertebrates showing north-westerly range shifts (leading/trailing edges as well as distribution centroids) and deepening. Nevertheless, distribution shifts for most species (3.8-7.3kmyr(-1) interquantile range) lagged behind shifts in both SBT and SST (mean 8.1kmyr(-1)), resulting in many species experiencing increasing temperatures. The velocity of climate change (VoCC) of mean SST accurately predicted both the direction and magnitude of distribution centroid shifts, while maximum SST did the same for contraction of the trailing edge. The VoCC of SBT was not a good predictor of range shifts. No good predictor of expansions of the leading edge was found. Our results show that invertebrates need to shift at different rates and directions to track the climate velocities of different temperature measures, and are therefore lagging behind most temperature measures. If these species cannot withstand a change in thermal habitat, this could ultimately lead to a drop in benthic biodiversity.
• Complimentary analysis of metacommunity nestedness and diversity partitioning highlights the need for a holistic conservation strategy for highland lake fish assemblages

  Jun Xu, Guohuan Su, Ying Xiong, Munemitsu Akasaka, Jorge Garcia Molinos, Shin-ichiro S. Matsuzaki, Min Zhang

  GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION 3 288 - 296 2351-9894 2015/01 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Metacommunity nestedness can be affected by both idiosyncratic species and species turnover, and diversity partitioning allows one to separate turnover and nested components within beta-diversity. Thus, complimentary analysis of metacommunity nestedness and diversity partitioning allows for the identification of the underlying changes at both local and regional scales. We examined changes of fish assemblages in metacommunity nestedness and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversities resulting from the intense loss of native species and the invasion of nonnative species in Chinese highland lakes over the past 60 years. We found metacommunity nestedness rose markedly over time, following the loss of both beta- and gamma-diversity resulting from the loss of native species, and the increase of a diversity by the addition of nonnative species. This pattern is contradictory to the selective extinction leading to larger nestedness in natural ecosystems and indicates the human-induced negative effects on the metacommunity. However, beta-diversity partitioning showed that the turnover component due to species replacement among lakes still contributes more than the nested component, suggesting the importance of avoiding setting conservation priorities based exclusively on metacommunity nestedness theory, but taking a more holistic metacommunity-approach to conservation instead. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
• Downscaling the non-stationary effect of climate forcing on local-scale dynamics: the importance of environmental filters

  Jorge Garcia Molinos, Ian Donohue

  CLIMATIC CHANGE 124 (1-2) 333 - 346 0165-0009 2014/05 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Large-scale climatic variability exerts a strong influence on local-scale environmental patterns and processes. However, disentangling the effects of global climate forcing from observed patterns in local processes requires robust understanding of the underlying patterns of temporal variability and consideration of the specific setting in which these processes take place. Here, we examine the influence of intermediate-scale environmental factors in modulating the effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on long-term water level dynamics in natural lakes. Lakes are ideal systems to study these relationships because of their acute sensitivity to environmental change and their linkages with multi-scale processes through the hydrological cycle. Using a novel combination of analytical tools, we show that the coupling between the NAO and water level dynamics is markedly nonstationary (i.e., time-frequency variant) and strongly lake-specific, filtered through the particular weather and environmental settings of lakes and their catchments. We conclude that to fully understand the nonstationary interplay between climate and ecology, we need first to disentangle the intermediate links between climate and different embedded environmental factors related to the process of interest. This knowledge should enhance significantly our ability to produce adequate long-term water resource management strategies, to preserve biological diversity and to achieve sustainable development under a globally changing climate.
• Geographical limits to species-range shifts are suggested by climate velocity

  Michael T. Burrows, David S. Schoeman, Anthony J. Richardson, Jorge Garcia Molinos, Ary Hoffmann, Lauren B. Buckley, Pippa J. Moore, Christopher J. Brown, John F. Bruno, Carlos M. Duarte, Benjamin S. Halpern, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Carrie V. Kappel, Wolfgang Kiessling, Mary I. O'Connor, John M. Pandolfi, Camille Parmesan, WilliamJ. Sydeman, Simon Ferrier, Kristen J. Williams, Elvira S. Poloczanska

  NATURE 507 (7493) 492 - + 0028-0836 2014/03 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  The reorganization of patterns of species diversity driven by anthropogenic climate change, and the consequences for humans(1), are not yet fully understood or appreciated(2,3). Nevertheless, changes in climate conditions are useful for predicting shifts in species distributions at global(4) and local scales(5). Here we use the velocity of climate change(6,7) to derive spatial trajectories for climatic niches from 1960 to 2009 (ref. 7) and from 2006 to 2100, and use the properties of these trajectories to infer changes in species distributions. Coastlines act as barriers and locally cooler areas act as attractors for trajectories, creating source and sink areas for local climatic conditions. Climate source areas indicate where locally novel conditions are not connected to areas where similar climates previously occurred, and are thereby inaccessible to climate migrants tracking isotherms: 16% of global surface area for 1960 to 2009, and 34% of ocean for the 'business as usual' climate scenario (representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5)(8) representing continued use of fossil fuels without mitigation. Climate sink areas are where climate conditions locally disappear, potentially blocking the movement of climate migrants. Sink areas comprise 1.0% of ocean area and 3.6% of land and are prevalent on coasts and high ground. Using this approach to infer shifts in species distributions gives global and regional maps of the expected direction and rate of shifts of climate migrants, and suggests areas of potential loss of species richness.
• Temporal variability within disturbance events regulates their effects on natural communities

  Jorge Garcia Molinos, Ian Donohue

  OECOLOGIA 166 (3) 795 - 806 0029-8549 2011/07 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Disturbances are processes inherently variable in time and space. This variability comprises a key determinant of ecosystem responses to disturbance. Temporal patterns can, however, vary significantly both among and within individual disturbance events. While recent research has demonstrated an importance of the former, studies on the effects of variability within perturbations have consistently confounded temporal variability with other disturbance attributes (e.g. overall intensity or duration). We established a field experiment to test explicitly the hypothesis that the temporal pattern within perturbations can drive ecosystem responses independently of other disturbance traits. We examined the effects of two disturbance regimes comprising sediment pulses of contrasting temporal pattern (constant and temporally variable intensities) on the benthic invertebrate assemblage of a headwater stream. The overall intensity, duration, timing and frequency of the perturbations were, however, identical. Invertebrates drifting during the temporally variable pulses were more abundant and differed in taxonomic and trophic structure than those exposed to constant perturbations. Moreover, whereas temporal patterns of disturbance events had no immediate effect on benthic invertebrate assemblages in situ, assemblages exposed to the constant perturbations took longer to recover from sediment disturbances than those exposed to temporally variable perturbations. Our results demonstrate that variability in the temporal pattern of intensity within individual perturbations can regulate, independently of other disturbance attributes, the extent and type of ecosystem responses to, and recovery from, disturbances. Effective environmental management and policy therefore necessitate the explicit quantification of temporal patterns of intensity both within and among perturbations.
• Taxa description and biology Alonso, F. et al . 2011. . In Javier Oscoz, David Galicia, and Rafael Miranda (Eds). . Springer. Dordretch, The Netherlands. ISBN 978 - 94 - 007 - 1553 - 0. pp. 47 - 140

  García Molinos Jorge

  Identification Guide of Freshwater Macroinvertebrates of Spain 2011
• Interactions among temporal patterns determine the effects of multiple stressors

  Jorge Garcia Molinos, Ian Donohue

  ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 20 (7) 1794 - 1800 1051-0761 2010/10 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Recent research has revealed that one of the most important characteristics of both natural and anthropogenic disturbances is their temporal heterogeneity. However, little is known about the relative importance of interactions among temporal patterns of multiple stressors. We established a fully factorial field experiment to test whether interactions among temporal patterns of two globally important anthropogenic disturbances of aquatic ecosystems (increased sediment loading and nutrient enrichment) determined the responses of stream benthic assemblages. Each disturbance treatment comprised three distinct regimes: regular and temporally variable pulses and an undisturbed control. The overall frequency, intensity and extent of disturbance was, however, equal across all disturbed treatments. We found that interactions among temporal disturbance regimes determined the effects of the compounded sediment and nutrient perturbations on algal biomass and the diversity, taxonomic and trophic composition of benthic assemblages. Moreover, our results also show that the temporal synchronization of multiple stressors does not necessarily maximize the impact of compounded perturbations. This comprises the first experimental evidence that interactions among the temporal patterns of disturbances drive the responses of ecosystems to multiple stressors. Knowledge of the temporal pattern of disturbances is therefore essential for the reliable prediction of impacts from, and effective management of, compounded perturbations.
• Impacts of increased sediment loads on the ecology of lakes

  Ian Donohue, Jorge Garcia Molinos

  BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS 84 (4) 517 - 531 1464-7931 2009/11 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Increased sediment loading comprises one of the most important and pervasive anthropogenic impacts on aquatic ecosystems globally. In spite of this, little is known of the overall effects of increased sediment loads on lakes. By modifying both bottom-up and top-down ecological processes and restructuring energy flow pathways, increased sediment loads not only alter biotic assemblage structure and ecological functioning significantly, but frequently result in reduced biological diversity and productivity. Although lake food-webs can be subsidised to some extent by the adsorption of organic carbon to fine sediments, trophic structure and the composition of biotic assemblages remain likely to be modified considerably. The mineralogy and particle size of sediments and the availability of nutrients, by influencing both the scale and nature of impacts, are key determinants of the overall effects of increased sediment loads on lake ecosystems. Although interactions with other global anthropogenic pressures, such as invasion by exotic species and climate change, are likely to be significant, little remains known about the nature or likely strength of those interactions. Widespread increases in sediment loading to lakes have, therefore, profound implications for the conservation and management of global aquatic biological diversity.
• Differential contribution of concentration and exposure time to sediment dose effects on stream biota

  Jorge Garcia Molinos, Ian Donohue

  JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY 28 (1) 110 - 121 0887-3593 2009/03 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Anthropogenically increased sediment loads are one of the most pervasive pollution pressures on surface waters and carry major ecological implications for biota. We conducted an experiment in artificial streams to quantify the response of 4 common macroinvertebrate taxa (Rithrogena semicolorata, Baetis rhodani, Asellus aquaticus, and Glossosoma boltoni) and benthic algae to doses of inorganic sediment that differed in maximum concentration and exposure time. Relatively minor disturbances (maximum concentration 250 mg/L) decreased % organic content of epilithon significantly after the first 24 h of exposure. However, algal biomass (measured as chlorophyll a) was reduced significantly only in the most prolonged exposure time (7 d). Epilithic nutrient stoichiometry (as indicated by molar organic ON ratios) was not affected by sediment addition. Invertebrate drift was affected strongly by exposure time, and all taxa exhibited statistically significant responses within the first day under all concentrations. However, concentration interacted significantly with exposure time in its effects on the drift of both mayfly species. Macroinvertebrate survival was high or complete for all treatments. Therefore, the differing relative and interactive effects of concentration and exposure time suggest that the common prediction of severity of effect based on a constant relationship between these factors can produce considerable overestimates or underestimates of environmental risk. Biological effects derived from increased sediment loads should be assessed on the basis of their overall dose and on the basis of the specific relationship between the concentration and exposure time that make up the dose.
• Los ascensores para peces: Una alternativa olvidada (Fish lifts: an overlooked alternative)

  A. Martínez, de Azagra, J. García Molinos

  Montes 83 47 - 53 2006 [Not refereed][Not invited]
  
• Diseno de obras de paso compatibles con la migraci?n de peces (Design of fish ladders and passages)

  J. García Molinos, A. Martinez, de Azagra, A. Llanos

  Ingenieria Civil 139 132 - 139 2005 [Not refereed][Not invited]
  
• Diseno de ascensores para peces (Fish lift design)

  A. Martínez, de Azagra, J. García Molinos

  Ingenieria Civil 132 83 - 93 2003 [Not refereed][Not invited]
  

Books etc

• Chapter 10: Marine Biogeography. In Biogeography: An Integrative Approach of the Evolution of Living. pp 245-273

  Jorge García Molinos, Irene D. Alabia (Joint work)
  ISTE 2021/11 (ISBN: 9781789450606)
• Biogeographical Shifts and Climate Change

  García Molinos, J, E.S. Poloczanska, J. Olden, J. Lawler, M.T. Burrows (Joint workIn Encyclopedia of the Anthropocene. D. DellaSala, and M. Goldstein (Eds). ISBN 978-0-128-09665-9. Vol. 3, pp. 217-228)
  Elsevier (Oxford) 2017/11
• Biodiversity and Climate Change in the Oceans

  Booth, D, E.S. Poloczanska, J. Donelson, J. García Molinos, M.T. Burrows (Joint workIn The Impacts of Climate Change on Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture. B.F Phillips and M. Pérez-Ramírez (Eds). ISBN 978-1-119-15404-4. pp. 63-91.)
  Wiley 2017/11
• Stream Habitat Fragmentation Caused by Road Networks in Spanish Low-order Forest Catchments

  García Molinos, J (Single workIn Management of Mountain Watersheds. pp. 123-138)
  Springer Netherlands 2012
• Identification guide of freshwater macroinvertebrates of Spain

  García Molinos, J (ContributorFreshwater Ecology)
  Springer Science & Business Media 2011/06

Conference Activities & Talks

• Improved fisheries management could offset many negative effects of climate change  [Invited]

  Gaines, S, C. Costello, B. Owashi, T. Mangin, J. Bone, J. García Molinos, M. Burden, H. Dennis, B. Halpern, C. Kappel, K. Kleisner, D. Ovando

  Climate Change and Fisheries International Workshop —Challenges and Solutions for China and the World, Qingdao, China  2018/11
• VoCC: A new R package for calculating the Velocity of Climate Change and related landscape climatic metrics.  [Not invited]

  García Molinos, J, D.S. Schoeman, C.J. Brown, N.H. Kumagai, M.T. Burrows

  PICES Annual Meeting: Towards integrated understanding of ecosystem variability in the North Pacific, Yokohama, Japan  2018/11
• Ocean currents and herbivory drive macroalgae-to-coral community shift under climate warming  [Invited]

  Kumagai, N.H, J. García, Molinos, N, H. Yamano, S. Takao, M. Fujii, Y. Yamanaka

  4th International Symposium on the Effect of Climate Change on the World's Oceans, Washington  2018/06
• Predicting the effects of climate change on stream water temperatures across pan-Arctic river networks: a conservation perspective.  [Not invited]

  García Molinos, J, K. Christoffersen, J. Culp

  ISAR-5, Fifth International Symposium on Arctic Research, Tokyo  2018/01
• Improving the interpretability of climate landscape metrics: an ecological risk analysis of Japan’s Marine Protected Areas  [Not invited]

  García Molinos, J, S. Takao, N.H. Kumagai, E.S. Poloczanska, M.T. Burrows, M. Fujii, H. Yamano

  British Ecological Society Annual Meeting, Ghent  2017/12
• Ocean currents modify the coupling between climate change and biogeographical shifts  [Not invited]

  García Molinos, J, E.S. Poloczanska, M.T. Burrows

  64th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of Japan, Tokyo  2017/03
• Going with the flow: ocean currents modify the coupling between climate change and biogeographical shifts  [Not invited]

  García Molinos, J, E.S. Poloczanska, M.T. Burrows

  North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) Annual Meeting  2016/11
• Climate velocity and the future global redistribution of marine biodiversity  [Not invited]

  García Molinos, J, B. S. Halpern, D. S. Schoeman, C. J. Brown, W. Kiessling, P. J. Moore, J. M, Pandolfi, E. S. Poloczanska, A. J. Richardson, M. T. Burrows

  Species on the Move. Hobart, Australia  2016/02
• Adapting on the move: anticipating the effects of a shifting climate on biodiversity  [Invited]

  García Molinos, J

  1st Joint Lectures on Ecosystem Services and Water Resources Management. Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan  2015/03
• An assessment of the ecological coherency of the global marine protected area network under future climate change  [Invited]

  García Molinos, J, D. Schoeman, B. S. Halpern, E. Poloczanska, C. J. Brown, A. Richardson, M. T. Burrows

  IUCN World Parks Congress, Sydney, Australia  2014/11
• The velocity of climate change and the future global distribution of marine biodiversity  [Invited]

  García Molinos, J, M. T. Burrows

  JAMSTEC International Workshop on Risk Information on Climate Change. Yokohama, Japan  2014/11
• Disturbances in a changing environment: does the pattern matter?  [Not invited]

  JORGE GARCIA MOLINOS

  Seminar series, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University. Fukuoka, Japan  2012/11
• Effects of global climatic drivers and local settings on wáter level regimes of non-regulated Irish lakes  [Not invited]

  JORGE GARCIA MOLINOS

  ASLO summer meeting, Otsu, Japan  2012/07

MISC

• Chapter 3: Oceans and Coastal Ecosystems and their Services

  Sarah Cooley, David Schoeman, Laurent Bopp, Philip Boyd, Simon Donner, Shin-ichi Ito, Wolfgang Kiessling, Paulina Martinetto, Elena Ojea, Marie-Fanny Racault, Bjoern Rost, Mette Skern-Mauritzen, Dawit Yemane Ghebrehiwet, Johann D Bell, Julia Blanchard, Jessica Bolin, William WL Cheung, Andrés Cisneros-Montemayor, Sam Dupont, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Thomas Frölicher, Juan-Diego Gaitán-Espitia, Jorge García Molinos, Helen Gurney-Smith, Stephanie Henson, Manuel Hidalgo, Elisabeth Holland, Robert Kopp, Rebecca Kordas, Lester Kwiatkowski, Nadine Le Bris, Salvador E Lluch-Cota, Cheryl Logan, Felix Christopher Mark, Yunus Mgaya, Coleen Moloney, Norma Patricia, Muñoz Sevilla, Gregoire Randin, Nussaibah B Raja, Anusha Rajkaran, Anthony Richardson, Stephanie Roe, Raquel Ruiz Diaz, Diana Salili, Jean-Baptise Sallée, Kylie Scales, Michelle Scobie, Craig T Simmons, Olivier Torres, Andrew Yool  IPCC WGII Sixth Assessment Report  2022/02
• The Expected Impacts of Climate Change on the Ocean Economy

  S. Gaines, R. Cabral, C. Free, Y. Golbuu, R. Arnason, W. Battista, D. Bradley, W. Cheung, K. Fabricius, O. Huegh-Guldberg, M. A. Juinio-Meñez, J. García, Molinos, E. Ojea, E. O’Reilly, C. Turley  Blue Paper Series. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.  2019/12/06  [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• Changing Ocean, Marine Ecosystems, and Dependent Communities

  Jorge García Molinos, Contributing Author, Nathaniel L. Bindoff, William W, L. Cheung, James G. Kairo, Coordinating Lead Authors  IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate  2019/09/24  [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• VoCC: The Velocity of Climate Change and related climatic metrics

  J. García Molinos, D. S. Schoeman, C. J. Brown, M. T. Burrows  R package version 1.0.0.  2019/07  [Not refereed][Not invited]
   

  R package
• Marine climate change impacts: implications for the implementation of marine biodiversity legislation

  J. García, Molinos, co  MCCIP, Lowestoft  -16 pp. doi:10.14465/2015.mbl00  2015  [Not refereed][Invited]
  

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Awards & Honors

• Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K. Karen Fretwell Memorial award by Napier University
   Best student of 2003-2004 MSc Aquatic Ecosystem Management 

  受賞者: JORGE GARCIA MOLINOS

Research Grants & Projects

• Development of basic technology for generalization of marine biodiversity big data and applied technology for protecting the richness of the sea

  Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology：海洋資源利用促進技術開発プログラム海洋生物ビッグデータ活用技術高度化

  Date (from‐to) : 2021/08 -2031/03
• Climate-smart strategies to develop resilience in artisanal fisheries of Mediterranean Marine Protected areas' (CLISSARTES)

  AXA Research Fund / IOC-UNESCO：

  Date (from‐to) : 2022/09 -2024/08 

  Author : Marina Sanz-Martín (PI, C.O. Baleares – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Manuel Hidalgo (Co-PI, C.O. Baleares – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Marta Albo-Puigserver, C.O. Baleares – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Joan Moranta, C.O. Baleares – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Diego Álvarez Berastegui, C.O. Baleares – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Sandra Mallol, C.O. Baleares – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Asvin P. Torres, C.O. Baleares – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Olga Reñones, C.O. Baleares – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Patricia Puerta Ordóñez, C.O. Baleares – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Lucía López-López, C.O. Santander – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Julia Polo Sainz, C.O. Santander – IEO, CSIC, Spain, Javier Soto-Navarro (CoIlaborator, University of Malaga, Spain, Jorge García Molinos (CoIlaborator, Arctic Research Center, Hokkaido University, Japa, Isaac Brito-Morales (CoIlaborator, Conservation International, USA, Kristin Kleisner, CoIlaborator, Environmental Defense Fund, USA, Nur Arafeh-Dalmau (CoIlaborator, University of, Stanford, USA
• Climate change Resilience of Indigenous SocioEcological systems (RISE)

  Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)：Strategic International Collaborative Research Program (SICORP) e-ASIA JRP (Advanced Fusion / Environment)

  Date (from‐to) : 2021/04 -2024/03
• 気候変動に伴う河川生態系のリスク評価：統計モデルとメソコスム実験の融合

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

  Date (from‐to) : 2019/04 -2024/03 

  Author : G・MOLINOS JORGE, 石山 信雄, 末吉 正尚

   

  Three of the four study catchments could be visited to retrieve temperature data from the first year, conduct maintenance, and sample biological parameters at multiple sites (fish: 27 sites sampled, macroinvertebrates: 22 sites, benthic algae: 70 sites). Initial data analysis between temperature data and environmental predictors showed water temperature regimes in volcanic mountain streams had average summer temperatures ~3°C lower than non-volcanic streams at similar altitudinal and air temperature ranges. They also had higher abundances of Cottus nozawae, a cold-adapted fish. These results highlight the important role of volcanic geology in providing thermal refugia for sensitive biota under climate change. Presented at ESJ annual meeting. The project also engaged in international collaboration: (i) An experiment conducted in the Hokkaido University Tomakomai Experimental Forest with researchers from Trinity College (Ireland) showed that heatwaves destabilised benthic stream communities by homogenising them in space but only when fish predators were absent, highlighting the potential for species extinctions to amplify the effects of climate change and extreme events. Presented at ESJ annual meeting. (ii) An experiment lead by researchers from the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (published Env Int IF9.62 and MethodsX IF1.84) evidenced complex interactions of warming and nutrient enrichment in altering growth and phenology of Potamogeton crispus, a widespread freshwater macrophyte common in Japan.
• Analysis and adaptation strategy on ecological and social consequences of tropicalization in coastal ecosystems

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

  Date (from‐to) : 2019/04 -2022/03 

  Author : 熊谷 直喜, G・MOLINOS JORGE, 中村 洋平, 久保 雄広

   

  海藻やサンゴ、魚類の地理的分布・生息水深に関係する海水温や光透過度、流速などの環境データを収集・整備した。さらに、海水温の将来予測値として、気候モデル の将来予測値（RCP2.6、RCP8.5）を整備し、同様に高解像度化した。対象海域について重点的に、研究対象の生物群の出現記録（在・不在）を論文、紀要、報告書などの文献から収集・整備し、データベース化した上でデータペーパーを出版した。また、海藻藻場やサンゴ群集が提供する生態系サービス（生物多様性、食料源、炭素貯留、沿岸地域の生活、経済、リクリエーションなど）を特定し経済的価値を評価するために、各調査地に対応した沿岸漁業や漁業資源利用についての記録の収集整備を進めた。 対象生物群の分布の緯度勾配と空間的相互作用、それらの年変動を捉えるための野外調査・実験を行った。高知県の南西端から東方の3地域、愛媛県の柏島以北の6地域、さらに各地域内に設けた各2サイトを設け、対象生物群の分布状況を調べるビデオトランセクト調査を行った。カメラは鉛直方向（海藻、サンゴ）と水平方向（魚類）の2台を1セットとし、カメラに取り付けた水深データロガーと海面に浮かせたGPSで3Dの位置情報を記録しながら遊泳し撮影した。また、海底に設置した海藻をビデオカメラで撮影し、魚類による植食圧の評価を行った。2019年の野外調査記録の解析により、水温勾配と季節、深度、沖合・内湾の環境の違いに伴う藻場とサンゴ群集、周囲の魚類群集の変化のパターンが明らかになった。これにより環境条件と生物群集の対応関係が統計学的に示され、沿岸生態系将来予測をする上で重要な結果が得られた。
• Resilience of riverine ecosystem under climate change: ecosystem structure, biodiversity and ecosystem function

  Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport：Kasen Sabou Gijutsu Kennkyuu Kaihatsu Koubo

  Date (from‐to) : 2018 -2022 

  Author : Nakamura F, Watanabe Y, Nakatsugawa M, Negishi J, Koizumi I, Kawamura S, Akasaka T, Uchida K, García Molinos J, Ishiyama N, Aruga N
• Ecological resilience to climate change and extinctions in subarctic freshwaters (EC-51224R-18)

  National Geographic Society：Early Career Grants

  Date (from‐to) : 2019/04 -2019/12 

  Author : S. Ross, PhD, candidate, grantee, I. Donohue, hD supervisor, J. García Molinos, o
• Shifting climate as a predictor for change in marine biodiversity at local, regional and global scales (NE/J024082/1)

  U.K. National Environmental Research Council：Standard Grant (FEC)

  Date (from‐to) : 2012/11 -2017/07 

  Author : M.T. Burrows (PI, J. García Molinos, PDRA, associated to, r
• Meeting quality objectives: Prediction of lake ecosystem recovery from internal and external nutrient loading (ref. 2339; grant offered but rejected by candidate)

  Irish Environmental Protection Agency：Science, Technology, Research & Innovation for the Environment (STRIVE) Programme

  Date (from‐to) : 2013/03 -2015/04 

  Author : J. García Molinos
• Climate Velocity and marine spatial planning in Japanese waters (JSPS/FF1/434)

  Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science：Postdoctoral Fellowship for Overseas Researchers

  Date (from‐to) : 2014/10 -2015/03 

  Author : J. García Molinos
• DOLMANT - development targeted ecological modelling tools for lake management

  European Union：European Regional Development Programme, INTERREG

  Date (from‐to) : 2011 -2014 

  Author : I. Donohue (co-PI, J. García, Molinos (PDRA, associated to the, project Augus, February

Educational Activities

Teaching Experience

Committee Membership

• 2019/01 - Today   Associate Editor Limnology (Springer)
• 2018/08 - Today   Ecofortitude NGO   Board Member

Social Contribution

Social Contribution

Social Contribution

• Student mentor for the Publons Academy for peer review training

  Date (from-to) : 2017-Today

  Role : Advisor

  Sponser, Organizer, Publisher  : Publons
• Japan-Asia Sakura Youth Exchange Programme is Science Exchange

  Date (from-to) : 2018/08/06-2018/08/06

  Role : Lecturer

Media Coverage

• Featured in issues 5 and 7 of Hokkaido University Times

  Date : 2018/03

  Paper
• Frontiers in Marine Science, Review Editor for the specialty section "Global Change and the Future Ocean"

  Date : 2015
• Ecosystem Health and Sustainability, Subject Matter Editor

  Date : 2014