Researcher Profile and Settings

Affiliation

• Research Faculty of Agriculture　Fundamental AgriScience Research　Agrobiology and Bioresources

Job Title

• Assistant Professor

URL

http://www.agr.hokudai.ac.jp/botagr/sakumotsu/Member.htm

Research funding number

• 70710945

J-Global ID

• 201601009939914685

Research Interests

• 植物生体計測   Environmental stress   Photosynthesis   

Research Areas

• Environmental science/Agricultural science / Agricultural environmental and information engineering
• Environmental science/Agricultural science / Crop production science

Educational Organization

•  Bachelor's degree program　School of Agriculture
•  Master's degree program　Graduate School of Agriculture
•  Doctoral (PhD) degree program　Graduate School of Agriculture

Academic & Professional Experience

• 2015/09 - Today Hokkaido University Graduate School of Agriculture Research Faculty of Agriculture
• 2013/04 - 2015/09 Ehime University Faculty of Agriculture
• 2010/04 - 2013/03 日本学術振興会特別研究員

Education

• 2010/03 - 2013/04  九州大学大学院
• 2008/04 - 2010/03  九州大学大学院
• 2006/10 - 2008/03  九州大学大学院
• 2003/03 - 2006/09  オークランド大学

Association Memberships

• JAPANESE SOCIETY OF AGRICULTURAL, BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS AND SCIENTISTS   CROP SCIENCE SOCIETY OF JAPAN   

Research Activities

Published Papers

• Adaptability of Early–Winter Direct–Sowing Cultivation of Paddy Rice using Different Seed Coating Types at 11 Locations in Japan

  Kensaku SUZUKI, Junichi KASHIWAGI, Taiken NAKASHIMA, Kiyoshi NAGASUGA, Toshihiro MOCHIZUKI, Tomomi ABIKO, Masami FURUHATA, Youichi OHDAIRA, Masahiro CHIBA, Tosiyuki KIMURA, Shinji YANO, Mitsuki ABE, Akira MATSUDA, Hiroshi SAITO, Masaki SASAGAWA, Motonori TAKAHASHI, Taku NISHIMURA, Shoichiro HAMAMOTO, Takeshi TOKIDA, Masayoshi NISHI, Susumu YUI, Hiroyuki SHIMONO

  Japanese Journal of Crop Science 91 (4) 291 - 302 0011-1848 2022/10/05
• Evaluation of Hokkaido rice varieties on the canopy structure in light interception and nitrogen distributions for yield improvements

  Kabasawa T, Nishitsuji K, Chen Y, Horikoshi M, Nishimura T, Sato H, Nakashima T, Ichikawa S, Kashiwagi J

  Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan 日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会 62 18 - 19 2021
• Varietal differences in post-silking kernel development and dry-down in maize (Zea mays L.)

  Yamaguchi Hiroto, Ishiyama Shiho, Matsui Yasuma, Ichikawa Shinji, Kashiwagi Junichi, Yamada Toshihiko, Nakashima Taiken

  Abstracts of Meeting of the CSSJ 日本作物学会 251 36 - 36 2021
• Comparative analysis on early growth vigor in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in different maturity ranges

  Ishiyama Shiho, Yamaguchi Hiroto, Kono Ryugo, Matsui Yasuma, Ichikawa Shinji, Kashiwagi Junichi, Yamada Toshihiko, Nakashima Taiken

  Abstracts of Meeting of the CSSJ 日本作物学会 251 143 - 143 2021
• Prolificacy accelerates kernel development and dry-down rate in maize (Zea mays L.)

  Yamaguchi Hiroto, Ishiyama Shiho, Matsui Yasuma, Ichikawa Shinji, Kashiwagi Junichi, Yamada Toshihiko, Nakashima Taiken

  Abstracts of Meeting of the CSSJ 日本作物学会 251 147 - 147 2021
• On-site single pollen metabolomics reveals varietal differences in phosphatidylinositol synthesis under heat stress conditions in rice.

  Hiroshi Wada, Yuto Hatakeyama, Taiken Nakashima, Hiroshi Nonami, Rosa Erra-Balsells, Makoto Hakata, Keisuke Nakata, Kenzo Hiraoka, Yayoi Onda, Hiroshi Nakano

  Scientific reports 10 (1) 2013 - 2013 2020/02/06 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Although a loss of healthy pollen grains induced by metabolic heat responses has been indicated to be a major cause of heat-induced spikelet sterility under global climate change, to date detailed information at pollen level has been lacking due to the technical limitations. In this study, we used picolitre pressure-probe-electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (picoPPESI-MS) to directly determine the metabolites in heat-treated single mature pollen grains in two cultivars, heat-tolerant cultivar, N22 and heat-sensitive cultivar, Koshihikari. Heat-induced spikelet fertility in N22 and Koshihikari was 90.0% and 46.8%, respectively. While no treatment difference in in vitro pollen viability was observed in each cultivar, contrasting varietal differences in phosphatidylinositol (PI)(34:3) have been detected in mature pollen, together with other 106 metabolites. Greater PI content was detected in N22 pollen regardless of the treatment, but not for Koshihikari pollen. In contrast, there was little detection for phosphoinositide in the single mature pollen grains in both cultivars. Our findings indicate that picoPPESI-MS analysis can efficiently identify the metabolites in intact single pollen. Since PI is a precursor of phosphoinositide that induces multiple signaling for pollen germination and tube growth, the active synthesis of PI(34:3) prior to germination may be closely associated with sustaining spikelet fertility even at high temperatures.
• Effects of seedling age on the growth of Hokkaido rice varieties in wide spacing cultivation

  Muraoka Takamichi, Kikuchi Toshiki, Nshitsuji Kosuke, Nagashima Reiko, Ichikawa Shinji, Nishimura Tsutomu, Nakashima Taiken, Junichi Kashiwagi

  Abstracts of Meeting of the CSSJ 日本作物学会 249 125 - 125 2020
• Effects of limiting sub-apical ears development on grain-filling and kernel dry-down processes in prolific maize hybrid

  Yamaguchi H, Nakashima T, Matsui Y, Ishiyama S, Ito K, Kono R, Hattori Y, Ichikawa S, Kashiwagi J, Yamada T

  Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan 日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会 61 32 - 33 2020
• Effects of basal application of coated slow-release fertilizer and topdressing of urea on growth and grain yield of maize hybrids

  Matsui Y, Kashiwagi J, Yamada T, Nakashima T, Yamaguchi H, Hattori Y, Kono R, Ishiyama S, Ito K, Ichikawa S, Takemura K, Shinohara Y

  Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan 日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会 61 34 - 35 2020
• Field Performance of Saccharum x Miscanthus Intergeneric Hybrids (Miscanes) Under Cool Climatic Conditions of Northern Japan

  Suraj Kar, Tzu-Ya Weng, Taiken Nakashima, Antonio Villanueva-Morales, J. Ryan Stewart, Erik J. Sacks, Yoshifumi Terajima, Toshihiko Yamada

  BIOENERGY RESEARCH 13 (1) 132 - 146 1939-1234 2019/11 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Physiological susceptibility to early- and late-season chilling limits commercial production of sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid), a major crop for lignocellulosic biomass, refined sugar, and bioethanol, to tropical and the warmest subtropical regions. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization have been used to broaden the genetic base of sugarcane and improve its adaptation to temperate climates. Chilling tolerance can be introgressed in sugarcane through intergeneric hybridization with Miscanthus, a cold-tolerant C-4 perennial grass, which is genetically homologous to sugarcane. This study evaluated intergeneric F-1 hybrids of Saccharum x Miscanthus, miscanes, which included two genotypes of sugarcane x Miscanthus sinensis and sixteen genotypes of sugarcane x Miscanthus sacchariflorus, for their seasonal variation in photosynthesis and biomass production under field conditions in Hokkaido, Japan, to identify promising genotypes and traits, which can be selected to further improve sugarcane. Results showed several of the miscane genotypes had high early- and late-season photosynthesis coupled with high biomass production, which likely indicates chilling tolerance. High broad-sense heritabilities for traits, including stem diameter, tiller number, leaf width, leaf and stem dry weight, and high correlations between these traits and dry matter yield indicate selections can be made efficiently to improve sugarcane. Although none of the miscanes overwintered at the experimental location, we identified miscane "JM 14-09" as a superior genotype for introgression breeding programs and as a potential energycane cultivar for its high biomass-production capacity.
• Saccharum × Miscanthus intergeneric hybrids (miscanes) exhibit greater chilling tolerance of C4 photosynthesis and post-chilling recovery than sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids)

  Suraj Kar, Na Zhang, Taiken Nakashima, Antonio Villanueva-Morales, J. Ryan Stewart, Erik J. Sacks, Yoshifumi Terajima, Toshihiko Yamada

  Global Change Biology Bioenergy 11 (11) 1318 - 1333 1757-1693 2019/11 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Although commercial sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) produces large biomass yields, its lack of cold tolerance limits its cultivation to the tropics and subtropics. In contrast, sugarcane's close relative, Miscanthus, tolerates low temperatures. We studied 18 miscane genotypes, derived from hybridizations between two genotypes of sugarcane and two genotypes of Miscanthus (one each of M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus). In an initial greenhouse experiment on long-duration chilling stress (12-13 degrees C day/7-9 degrees C night), photosynthetic rates of the Miscanthus parents were significantly higher than the sugarcane parents after 7 days of chilling and were more than double by 14 days. The Miscanthus also retained more of their prechilling (22-25 degrees C day/13-15 degrees C night) photosynthetic rates (68%-72% 7 days, 64%-66% 14 days) than the sugarcanes (27% 7 days, 19%-20% 14 days). Seven of 18 miscanes exhibited higher photosynthetic rates than their sugarcane parents after 7 days of chilling, whereas after 14 days only four miscane genotypes had significantly higher photosynthetic rates than their sugarcane parents, but notably two of these did not differ from their highly tolerant Miscanthus parents. In a subsequent growth chamber experiment to evaluate short-duration chilling stress and postchilling recovery, three miscanes representing the range of responses observed in the greenhouse experiment were compared with their parents. After 4 days of chilling (12/7 degrees C day/night), the miscanes retained between 45% and 60% of their prechilling photosynthetic rate, with the best entry not significantly different from its Miscanthus parent (66%), and all three miscanes performed significantly better than the sugarcane parents (32%-33% for sugarcanes). After 7 days of postchilling recovery (26/18 degrees C day/night), the Miscanthus parents and two of the miscanes fully recovered their prechilling photosynthetic rates but the sugarcane parents only recovered 69%-73% of their prechilling rates. Thus, genes from Miscanthus can be used to improve chilling tolerance of sugarcane via introgression.
• Quantitative assay of targeted proteome in tomato trichome glandular cells using a large-scale selected reaction monitoring strategy

  Ayako Takemori, Taiken Nakashima, Hisashi Omura, Yuki Tanaka, Keisuke Nakata, Hiroshi Nonami, Nobuaki Takemori

  PLANT METHODS 15 1746-4811 2019/04 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  BackgroundGlandular trichomes found in vascular plants are called natural cell factories because they synthesize and store secondary metabolites in glandular cells. To systematically understand the metabolic processes in glandular cells, it is indispensable to analyze cellular proteome dynamics. The conventional proteomics methods based on mass spectrometry have enabled large-scale protein analysis, but require a large number of trichome samples for in-depth analysis and are not suitable for rapid and sensitive quantification of targeted proteins.ResultsHere, we present a high-throughput strategy for quantifying targeted proteins in specific trichome glandular cells, using selected reaction monitoring (SRM) assays. The SRM assay platform, targeting proteins in type VI trichome gland cells of tomato as a model system, demonstrated its effectiveness in quantifying multiple proteins from a limited amount of sample. The large-scale SRM assay uses a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer connected online to a nanoflow liquid chromatograph, which accurately measured the expression levels of 221 targeted proteins contained in the glandular cell sample recovered from 100 glandular trichomes within 120min. Comparative quantitative proteomics using SRM assays of type VI trichome gland cells between different organs (leaves, green fruits, and calyx) revealed specific organ-enriched proteins.ConclusionsWe present a targeted proteomics approach using the established SRM assays which enables quantification of proteins of interest with minimum sampling effort. The remarkable success of the SRM assay and its simple experimental workflow will increase proteomics research in glandular trichomes.
• Multiple strategies for heat adaptation to prevent chalkiness in the rice endosperm

  Hiroshi Wada, Yuto Hatakeyama, Yayoi Onda, Hiroshi Nonami, Taiken Nakashima, Rosa Erra-Balsells, Satoshi Morita, Kenzo Hiraoka, Fukuyo Tanaka, Hiroshi Nakano

  JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 70 (4) 1299 - 1311 0022-0957 2019/02 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Heat-induced chalkiness of rice grains is a major concern for rice production, particularly with respect to climate change. Although the formation of chalkiness in the endosperm is suppressed by nitrogen, little is known about the cell-specific dynamics of this process. Here, using picolitre pressure-probe electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry together with transmission electron microscopy and turgor measurements, we examine heat-induced chalkiness in single endosperm cells of intact rice seeds produced under controlled environmental conditions. Exposure to heat stress decreased turgor pressure and increased the cytosolic accumulation of sugars, glutathione, and amino acids, particularly cysteine. Heat stress also led to a significant enlargement of the protein storage vacuoles but with little accumulation of storage proteins. Crucially, this heat-induced partial arrest of amyloplast development led to formation of chalkiness. Whilst increased nitrogen availability also resulted in increased accumulation of amino acids, there was no decrease in turgor pressure. The heat-induced accumulation of cysteine and glutathione was much less marked in the presence of nitrogen, and storage proteins were produced without chalkiness. These data provide important information on the cell dynamics of heat acclimation that underpin the formation of chalkiness in the rice endosperm. We conclude that rice seeds employ multiple strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress in a manner that is dependent on nitrogen availability, and that the regulation of protein synthesis may play a crucial role in optimizing organelle compartmentation during heat adaption.
• Varietal differences in traits related to grain filling and drying down in maize hybrids with different maturity

  Yamaguchi H, Ishiyama S, Oki S, Okamoto T, Hattori Y, Ichikawa S, Kashiwagi J, Yamada T, Nakashima T

  Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan 日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会 60 62 - 63 2019
• Potential use of late-maturing maize varieties for improving grain yieldand root-lodging resistance in Hokkaido

  Yamaguchi Hiroto, Oki Shio, Okamoto Tatsuro, Hattori Yoko, Ichikawa Shinji, Kashiwagi Junichi, Nakashima Taiken

  Abstracts of Meeting of the CSSJ 日本作物学会 247 151 - 151 2019
• Importance of ear as an alternative source for drought yield in wheat

  Nakayama Suzu, Yoshioka Yuichiro, Inoue Yoshiko, Ichikawa Shinji, Nakashima Taiken, Kashiwagi Junichi, An Ping

  Abstracts of Meeting of the CSSJ 日本作物学会 247 206 - 206 2019
• Improvement of Seedling Establishment by Seed Coating with Iron in Early-winter Direct-sowing Rice

  Satoko Oikawa, Masayoshi Nishi, Susumu Yui, Junichi Kashiwagi, Taiken Nakashima, Shinji Ichikawa, Toshiyuki Kimura, Youichi Ohdaira, Kiyoshi Nagasuga, Eiki Kuroda, Maya Matsunami, Hiroyuki Shimono

  Japanese Society of Crop Science 日本作物學會 88 (4) 259 - 267 0011-1848 2019 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Poor seedling establishment is a major problem for Early-Winter Direct-Sowing cultivation in rice. We examined the effects of seed coating with three materials (iron, calcium peroxide, starch) on the seedling establishment. The seedling establishment rate was only 1～3% in the control without seed coating in both 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 seasons in Iwate Prefecture. Only the coating with iron showed a significant increase in the seedling establishment rate, that is, 24% in the 2016/2017 season and 11～30% in the 2017/2018 season. Significant improvement of seedling establishment by seed coating with iron was confirmed similarly in additional four Prefectures (Hokkaido, Aomori, Akita and Mie) in 2017/2018 season. We concluded that the seed coating with iron is a promising methodology for improving seedling establishment for Early-Winter Direct-Sowing cultivation in rice.

• Longer mesocotyl contributes to quick seedling establishment, improved root anchorage, and early vigor of deep-sown rice

  Hoshie Ohno, Nino P. M. C. Banayo, Crisanta S. Bueno, Jun-ichi Kashiwagi, Taiken Nakashima, Aurora M. Corales, Ricardo Garcia, Nitika Sandhu, Arvind Kumar, Yoichiro Kato

  FIELD CROPS RESEARCH 228 84 - 92 0378-4290 2018/11 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Dry direct seeding of rice (DDSR) is practiced as a technique to address drought in tropical Asia, as it requires less water than transplanting. However, rice has a narrow range of optimal sowing depth, and deep sowing often causes poor seedling emergence. The objective of this study was to elucidate differences among rice cultivars in their tolerance to deep sowing (i.e., the ability to show vigorous seedling emergence from deep soil) and the traits associated with this vigor. Two-year on-farm research in rainfed lowlands showed mean seeding depths of 16.1-35.0 mm (a coefficient of variation of 27%-49%). The deep-sowing tolerance differed significantly among 16 cultivars in research station field experiments. The emergence of seedlings from sowing at a depth of 85 mm was > 80% in tolerant cultivars versus < 1% in cultivars popular with farmers. Deep-sowing tolerance was attributable primarily to the elongation ability of the mesocotyl and, to a lesser extent, of the 1st internode. In a pot experiment that simulated drought around the time of sowing, seedlings that germinated from deeper soil had greater emergence and greater shoot and root growth than those that emerged from shallow soil, as the deeper seeds could acquire residual soil moisture. Our results suggest that improving the tolerance of rice to deep sowing should stabilize seedling establishment in DDSR. Cultivars that tolerate deep sowing will allow further development of the deep sowing technique and reduce the risk of sowing failure caused by drought during seedling emergence in water-scarce environments.
• Evidence for preservation of vacuolar compartments during foehn‑induced chalky ring formation of Oryza sativa L.

  Yuto Hatakeyama, Chisato Masumoto‐Kubo, Hiroshi Nonami, Satoshi Morita, Kenzo Hiraoka, Yayoi Onda, Taiken Nakashima, Hiroshi Nakano, Hiroshi Wada

  Planta 248 (5) 1263 - 1275 2018/08 [Refereed][Not invited]
  
• On-farm assessment of a new early-maturing drought-tolerant rice cultivar for dry direct seeding in rainfed lowlands

  Hoshie Ohno, Niño P.M.C. Banayo, Crisanta Bueno, Jun-ichi Kashiwagi, Taiken Nakashima, Kazuto Iwama, Aurora M. Corales, Ricardo Garcia, Yoichiro Kato

  Field Crops Research 219 222 - 228 0378-4290 2018/04/15 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Dry direct seeding of rice (DDSR) is becoming a common practice in drought-prone lowland areas where there is insufficient labor for transplanting, but early-season drought often causes poor crop establishment, which allows subsequent weed infestation. Although early-maturing drought-tolerant cultivars have been released in tropical Asia in the last decade, almost all farmers in these areas still use cultivars selected for irrigated lowlands. The objective of our study was to compare a new drought-tolerant cultivar (Rc348) and a popular cultivar of farmers (Rc10) in DDSR under rainfed lowland conditions. On-farm experiments in three villages in northern Luzon, the Philippines, showed that the yield of Rc10, but not Rc348, was negatively associated with soil drying. Although their average yields were comparable (Rc348, 3.03 t ha−1 Rc10, 3.00 t ha−1), Rc348 yielded 34% more with moderate to severe weed infestation or soil dryness (3.12 vs. 2.33 t ha−1). Weed infestation increased with increasing soil dryness, but the weed pressure was more severe for Rc10 than for Rc348. Rc348 had a higher seedling emergence percentage, number of seedlings m−2, and ground cover at 30 days after sowing than Rc10 in drought-prone fields at upper (drier) positions in the toposequence. These results were validated by an on-station experiment with controlled drought stress at the International Rice Research Institute. We suggest that the adoption of newly released cultivars from the breeding programs for rainfed rice with reliable seedling emergence and early vigor in the presence of fluctuating soil moisture would stabilize the yield of DDSR in the target drought-prone areas.
• Varietal Differences in Source and Sink Characteristics during Grain Filling in Spring Wheat under Drought Stress

  Yoshioka Yuichiro, Nakayama Suzu, Nakashima Taiken, Ichikawa Shinji, An Ping, Kashiwagi Junichi

  Abstracts of Meeting of the CSSJ 日本作物学会 245 141 - 141 2018
• Assessment of yield stability under environmental fluctuation and related-traits of high yielding rice varieties newly developed in Hokkaido

  Wakabayashi Yu, Takezawa Hiroki, Kikuchi Toshiki, Nakashima Taiken, Nishimura Tsutomu, Doman Kouhei, Kinoshita Masafumi, Ichikawa Shinji, Kashiwagi Jyunichi

  Abstracts of Meeting of the CSSJ 日本作物学会 245 227 - 227 2018
• Turgor-responsive starch phosphorylation in Oryza sativa stems: A primary event of starch degradation associated with grain-filling ability

  Hiroshi Wada, Chisato Masumoto-Kubo, Koichi Tsutsumi, Hiroshi Nonami, Fukuyo Tanaka, Haruka Okada, Rosa Erra-Balsells, Kenzo Hiraoka, Taiken Nakashima, Makoto Hakata, Satoshi Morita

  PLOS ONE 12 (7) e0181272  1932-6203 2017/07 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Grain filling ability is mainly affected by the translocation of carbohydrates generated from temporarily stored stem starch in most field crops including rice (Oryza sativa L.). The partitioning of non-structural stem carbohydrates has been recognized as an important trait for raising the yield ceiling, yet we still do not fully understand how carbohydrate partitioning occurs in the stems. In this study, two rice subspecies that exhibit different patterns of nonstructural stem carbohydrates partitioning, a japonica-dominant cultivar, Momiroman, and an indica-dominant cultivar, Hokuriku 193, were used as the model system to study the relationship between turgor pressure and metabolic regulation of non-structural stem carbohydrates, by combining the water status measurement with gene expression analysis and a dynamic prefixed C-13 tracer analysis using a mass spectrometer. Here, we report a clear varietal difference in turgor-associated starch phosphorylation occurred at the initiation of non-structural carbohydrate partitioning. The data indicated that starch degradation in Hokuriku 193 stems occurred at full-heading, 5 days earlier than in Momiroman, contributing to greater sink filling. Gene expression analysis revealed that expression pattern of the gene encoding alpha-glucan, water dikinase (GWD1) was similar between two varieties, and the maximum expression level in Hokuriku 193, reached at full heading (4 DAH), was greater than in Momiroman, leading to an earlier increase in a series of amylase-related gene expression in Hokuriku 193. In both varieties, peaks in turgor pressure preceded the increases in GWD1 expression, and changes in GWD1 expression was correlated with turgor pressure. Additionally, a threshold is likely to exist for GWD1 expression to facilitate starch degradation. Taken together, these results raise the possibility that turgor-associated starch phosphorylation in cells is responsible for the metabolism that leads to starch degradation. Because the two cultivars exhibited remarkable varietal differences in the pattern of non-structural carbohydrate partitioning, our findings propose that the observed difference in grain-filling ability originated from turgor-associated regulation of starch phosphorylation in stem parenchyma cells. Further understanding of the molecular mechanism of turgor-regulation may provide a new selection criterion for breaking the yield barriers in crop production.
• Relationship of canopy photosynthesys and yield in Hokkaido high yielding rice cultivar

  Takezawa H, Wakabayashi Y, Kikuchi T, Nakashima T, Nishimura T, Ichikawa S, Kashiwagi J

  Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan 日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会 58 22 - 23 2017
• Effect of changes in source ability with time on yield stability in high-yielding Hokkaido rice varieties

  Wakabayashi Y, Takezawa H, Nakashima T, Nisimura T, Douman K, Kinoshita M, Ichikawa S, Kashiwagi J

  Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan 日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会 58 24 - 25 2017
• Variations in structural, biochemical, and physiological traits of photosynthesis and resource use efficiency in Amaranthus species (NAD-ME-type C-4)

  Nobuko Tsutsumi, Miyuki Tohya, Taiken Nakashima, Osamu Ueno

  PLANT PRODUCTION SCIENCE 20 (3) 300 - 312 1343-943X 2017 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  C-4 plants show higher photosynthetic capacity and productivity than C-3 plants owing to a CO2-concentrating mechanism in leaves, which reduces photorespiration. However, which traits regulate the photosynthetic capacity of C-4 plants remains unclear. We investigated structural, biochemical, and physiological traits associated with photosynthesis and resource use efficiency in 20 accessions of 12 species of Amaranthus, NAD-malic enzyme-type C-4 dicots. Net photosynthetic rate (P-N) ranged from 19.7 to 40.5 mu mol m(-2) s(-1). P-N was positively correlated with stomatal conductance and nitrogen and chlorophyll contents of leaves and was weakly positively correlated with specific leaf weight. P-N was also positively correlated with the activity of the C-3 enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphoshate carboxylase/oxygenase, but not with the activities of the C-4 enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and NAD-malic enzyme. Structural traits of leaves (stomatal density, guard cell length, leaf thickness, interveinal distance, sizes of mesophyll and bundle sheath cells and the area ratio between these cells) were not significantly correlated with P-N. These data suggest that some of the biochemical and physiological traits are involved in interspecific P-N variation, whereas structural traits are not directly involved. Photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency ranged between 260 and 458 mu mol mol(-1) N s(-1). Photosynthetic water use efficiency ranged between 5.6 and 10.4 mol mol(-1). When these data were compared with previously published data of C-4 grasses, it is suggested that common mechanisms may determine the variations in resource use efficiency in grasses and this dicot group.
• Single-Cell Metabolite Profiling of Stalk and Glandular Cells of Intact Trichomes with Internal Electrode Capillary Pressure Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

  Taiken Nakashima, Hiroshi Wada, Satoshi Morita, Rosa Erra-Balsells, Kenzo Hiraoka, Hiroshi Nonami

  ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 88 (6) 3049 - 3057 0003-2700 2016/03 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  In this report, we developed the pressure probe electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry with internal electrode capillary (IEC-PPESI-MS) which enables high spatial-resolution cell sampling, precise postsampling manipulation, and high detection sensitivity. Using this technique, a comparative in situ single-cell metabolite profiling of stalk and glandular cells, the two adjacent cell types comprising a trichome unit in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.), were performed to clarify the extent of Metabolic differentiation between two cell types as well as among different types of trichomes. Owing to high. sensitivity of the system, less than a picoliter cell sap from a single stalk cell sufficiently yielded a number of peaks of amino acids, organic acids, carbohydrates, and flavonoids. The minimal cell sap removal from a stalk cell without severe disturbance of trichome structure enabled sequential analysis of adjacent glandular cell on the same trichome, which showed the presence of striking differences in metabolite compositions between two adjacent cell types. Comparison among different types of trichome also revealed significant variations in metabolite profiles, particularly in flavonoids and acyl sugars compositions. Some metabolites were found only in specific cell types or particular trichome types. Although extensive metabolomics analysis of glandular cells of tomato trichomes has been previously documented, this is the first report describing cell-to-cell variations in metabolite compositions of stalk and glandular cells as well as in different trichome types. Further application of this technique may provide new insights into distinct metabolism in plant cells displaying variations in shape, size, function and physicochemical properties.
• Yield contributing traits of high-yielding Hokkaido rice varieties

  Takezawa Hiroki, Wakabayashi Yu, Nakashima Taiken, Nishimura Tsutomu, Doman Kohei, Kinoshita Masafumi, Ichikawa Shinji, Kashiwagi Junichi

  Abstracts of Meeting of the CSSJ 日本作物学会 243 40 - 40 2016
• Electrospray droplet impact secondary ion mass spectrometry using a vacuum electrospray source

  R. Takaishi, Y. Sakai, K. Hiraoka, H. Wada, S. Morita, T. Nakashima, H. Nonami

  RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY 29 (15) 1420 - 1426 0951-4198 2015/08 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  RationaleIn electrospray droplet impact (EDI) developed in our laboratory, an atmospheric pressure electrospray source has been used. To increase the ion beam intensity and reduce the evacuation load, a vacuum electrospray cluster ion source using a silica capillary was developed. MethodsA silica capillary with a tip inner diameter of 8 mu m was used for vacuum electrospray using aqueous 10% methanol. To stabilize the flow rate of the liquid for nano-electrospray, a home-made constant pressure liquid pump was also developed. ResultsBy using the silica tip nano-electrospray emitter and a constant pressure pump, stable electrospray with flow rate of 22nL/min was realized without using any heating system such as laser irradiation. Comparative study of mass spectra obtained by atmospheric pressure EDI (A-EDI) and vacuum EDI (V-EDI) was made for various samples such as thermometer molecule, peptide, polystyrene, Alq(3), NPD, C-60, indium, and SiO2. V-EDI showed slightly milder ionization than A-EDI. ConclusionsBecause V-EDI gave higher target current (5-10nA) than A-EDI (a few nA at most), V-EDI secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) would be a useful technique for the surface and interface analysis. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
• Electrospray droplet impact/secondary ion mass spectrometry (EDI/SIMS) using NaF and AgF as cationization matrices

  R. Takaishi, K. Hiraoka, H. Wada, S. Morita, T. Nakashima, H. Nonami

  SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS 47 (8) 832 - 837 0142-2421 2015/08 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  In our previous paper, it was suggested that metal fluorides may be useful as cationization matrices in Electrospray droplet impact/SIMS. In this work, NaF and AgF were used as the cationization matrices for cyclodextrin (CD), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polystyrene (PS), garlic juice, and sliced raw rice. EDI mass spectra were measured without and with the use of matrices. Enhancement of ion abundances of [M+Na](+) for CD and PEG with NaF matrix and that of [M+Ag](+) for PS with AgF matrix were observed. However, the addition of matrices was not effective for the cationization of garlic juice and sliced raw rice samples. This may be due to the Coulombic repulsion of the reagent ions of Na+ or Ag+ with the preformed K+ adducts of oligosaccharides already present in the samples. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
• Laser-induced chlorophyll fluorescence measurement system to assess photosynthetic status within leaves

  Taiken Nakashima, Yuji Yasukochi, Shoji Yamashita, Takuya Araki, Osamu Ueno

  Environmental Control in Biology 50 (2) 91 - 100 1880-554X 2012 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  Chlorophyll (Chi) fluorescence measured on a leaf surface only provides the photosynthetic status of chloroplasts near the surface due to self-shading effect of Chi. Here, we report a laser-induced Chi fluorescence measurement system, which enables measurement of fluorescence induction kinetics at different tissues within a leaf as well as on both leaf surfaces, to assess photosynthetic status within leaves. The logarithmic time-scaled Chi fluorescence induction kinetics obtained from Chenopodium album leaves showed polyphasic transients in which four inflection points designated as O, J, I and P, were observed. Adaxial surface and palisade mesophyll showed significantly higher fluorescence intensities at O than abaxial surface and spongy mesophyll, respectively. In contrast, fluorescence intensities at J, I and P were significantly higher at abaxial surface and spongy mesophyll. Using these fluorescence intensities, the JIP test was performed. The results of JIP test indicated that adaxial surface and palisade mesophyll are characterized by lower maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) and net rate of PSII closure, but higher rate of energy transfer into electron transport chain than abaxial surface and spongy mesophyll. Considering these dorsiventral and intra-leaf variations in Chi fluorescence parameters, this study suggested the necessity of Chi fluorescence measurements on tissues as well as both surfaces to evaluate photosynthetic status of a whole leaf.
• Photoprotective function of betacyanin in leaves of Amaranthus cruentus L. under water stress

  T. Nakashima, T. Araki, O. Ueno

  PHOTOSYNTHETICA 49 (4) 497 - 506 0300-3604 2011/12 [Refereed][Not invited]
   

  The photoprotective function of leaf betacyanin in water-stressed Amaranthus cruentus plants was examined by comparing leaves of two strains which differ significantly in the amount of betacyanin. At 0, 1, and 2 days after the imposed water stress, leaves were subjected to high-light (HL) treatment to assess their photosynthetic capacity and photoinhibition susceptibility. The water stress equally reduced leaf relative water content (RWC), gas-exchange rate and chlorophyll (Chl) contents in both leaves, indicating that the severity of water stress was comparable between the strains. Consequently, the extent of photoinhibition after the HL treatment increased in both strains as water stress developed; however, it was significantly greater in acyanic leaves than in betacyanic leaves, suggesting lower photoinhibition susceptibility in the betacyanic strain. The betacyanic leaves also exhibited approximately 30% higher values for photochemical quenching coefficient (q(P)) during the period of water stress despite the nonphotochemical quenching coefficient (q(N)) did not differ significantly between the strains. These results may be partially explained by the increased amount of leaf betacyanin under water stress. Moreover, a decrease in Chl content in betacyanic leaves might have enhanced light screening effect of betacyanin by increasing relative abundance of betacyanin to Chl molecule. In addition, reduced Chl content increased light penetrability of leaves. As a result, the extent of photoinhibition at the deeper tissue was exacerbated and the Chl fluorescence emitted from these tissues was more readily detected, facilitating assessment of photoinhibition at deeper tissues where the effect of betacyanic light screening is considered to be most apparent. Our results demonstrated that leaf betacyanin contributes to total photoprotective capacity of A. cruentus leaves by lowering excitation pressure on photosystem II (PSII) via attenuation of potentially harmful excess incident light under water stress.
• アマランサスの葉色の違いが乾燥ストレス下における光阻害に及ぼす影響

  中島大賢, 荒木卓哉, 上野修

  九州の農業気象 18 5 - 8 2009 [Not refereed][Not invited]
  
• C4植物アマランサスの葉色の違いが日中の光合成低下に及ぼす影響

  中島大賢, 荒木卓哉, 上野修

  九州の農業気象 17 69 - 72 2008 [Not refereed][Not invited]
  

Conference Activities & Talks

• 子実用トウモロコシに対する葉位別摘葉処理が収量および収量関連形質に及ぼす影響  [Not invited]

  長岡詩帆, 土井希晃, 宋粮, 中島大賢, 佐藤智宏, 村井祐介, 義平大樹

  日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会年次講演会  2017/12
• 北海道水稲品種におけるソース能の経時変化が収量安定性に及ぼす影響  [Not invited]

  若林侑, 竹澤広基, 中島大賢, 西村努, 道満剛平, 木下雅文, 市川伸次, 柏木純一

  日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会年次講演会  2017/12
• 北海道水稲多収品種における葉位別光合成速度と収量の関係  [Not invited]

  竹澤 広基, 若林 侑, 菊地俊希, 中島 大賢, 西村 努, 市川 伸次, 柏木 純一

  日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会年次講演会  2017/12
• Phosphoinositides in Rice Pollen Grains Associated with Spikelet Fertility  [Not invited]

  Hiroshi Wada, Taiken Nakashima, Makoto Hakata, Yuto Hatakeyama, Keisuke Nakata, Hiroshi Nonami, Rosa Erra-Balsells, Kenzo Hiraoka, Hiroshi Nakano

  2017 CIGR World Workshop  2017/09
• Nitrogen application reverses heat-induced rice chalkiness: Evidence for organelle rearrangement due to the recovery of protein synthesis in endosperm cells  [Not invited]

  Yuto Hatakeyama, Yayoi Onda, Hiroshi Nonami, Taiken Nakashima, Hiroshi Nakano, Rosa Erra-Balsells, Kenzo Hiraoka, Hiroshi Wada

  Society for Experimental Biology Annual Meeting  2017/06
• Development of the on-site live cell metabolomics performable in controlled environment  [Not invited]

  Hiroshi Wada, Hiroshi Nonami, Katsunori Tanaka, Taiken Nakashima, Yuto Hatakeyama, Hiroshi Nakano, Yayoi Onda, Kenzo Hiraoka, Makoto Hakata, Satoshi Morita

  Society for Experimental Biology Annual Meeting  2017/06
• 北海道で育成された水稲多収品種における多収要因の解析  [Not invited]

  竹澤 広基, 若林 侑, 中島 大賢, 西村 努, 道満 剛平, 木下 雅文, 市川 伸次, 柏木 純一

  第243回日本作物学会講演会  2016/03
• リアルタイム・1細胞代謝物質計測のためのプレッシャープローブ・エレクトロスプレーイオン化  [Invited]

  野並浩, 中島大賢, 和田博史, 森田敏, 武森信暁, 武森文子, Erra-Balsells Rosa, 平岡賢三

  2015/09
• 1細胞代謝物質・タンパク質計測のためのプレッシャープローブ・エレクトロスプレーイオン化  [Invited]

  中島大賢, 和田博史, 森田敏, 武森信暁, 武森文子, Erra-Balsells Rosa, 平岡賢三, 野並浩

  第63回質量分析総合討論会  2015/06
• 細胞生体計測法を用いたトマトトライコームのEC濃度変化に対する生理応答の経過時的評価  [Not invited]

  中田佳佑, 中島大賢, 田中晴規, 野並浩

  日本生物環境工学会  2014/09
• プレッシャープローブ・探針エレクトロスプレーイオン化を用いたタンパク質および代謝物質の超微量分析  [Invited]

  中島大賢, 武森信暁, 武森文子, Erra-Balsells Rosa, 平岡賢三, 野並浩

  第41回BMSコンファレンス  2014/07
• Comparative metabolite profiling of intact tomato trichomes at single-cell resolution using pressure probe electrospray ionization mass spectrometry  [Not invited]

  中島大賢, 春日純, 和田博史, 森田敏, Erra-Balsells Rosa, 平岡賢三, Gholipour Yousef, 野並浩

  第62回質量分析学会  2014/05
• アリ科女王の受精嚢内精子の運動とその制御因子の探索  [Not invited]

  後藤彩子, 野並浩, 春日純, 中島大賢, 小林悟, 伊藤文紀, 辻和希

  第58回日本応用動物昆虫学会  2014/03
• トウモロコシと半陰生C4植物コササキビの光合成特性に及ぼす生育光の影響  [Not invited]

  玉垣和子, 中島大賢, 上野修

  第236回日本作物学会講演会  2013/09
• アマランサス属(NAD-ME型C4)における光合成能の種間差とその制御要因の検討  [Not invited]

  堤伸子, 遠矢みゆき, 中島大賢, 上野修

  第233回日本作物学会講演会  2012/03
• 葉内ベタシアニンがアマランサス葉内部における光阻害特性に及ぼす影響-LIF測定法を用いた細胞レベルでの評価-  [Not invited]

  中島大賢, 安河内裕司, 山下昭二, 荒木卓哉, 上野修

  第233回日本作物学会講演会  2012/03
• 葉内ベタシアニンがアマランサス葉の老化過程における光合成特性に及ぼす影響  [Not invited]

  中島大賢, 荒木卓哉, 上野修

  第233回日本作物学会講演会  2012/03
• 異なるアマランサス種における葉内ベタシアニンの光防御機能の検討  [Not invited]

  中島大賢, 安河内裕司, 山下昭二, 上野修

  第233回日本作物学会講演会  2012/03
• アマランサス葉の老化に伴う光合成能の低下は向軸側と背軸側で異なる  [Not invited]

  中島大賢, 堤伸子, 荒木卓哉, 上野修

  第233回日本作物学会講演会  2012/03
• ヒユ属（Amaranthus）C4植物における光合成能の変異とその制御要因の解析  [Not invited]

  堤伸子, 中島大賢, 上野修

  第232回日本作物学会講演会  2011/09
• アマランサスにおけるベタシアニン蓄積が長期乾燥下の光阻害並びに光合成に及ぼす影響  [Not invited]

  中島大賢, 荒木卓哉, 上野修

  第231回日本作物学会講演会  2011/03
• Laser-Induced Fluorescence測定によるC4植物の葉細胞における光阻害特性評価法の検討  [Not invited]

  中島大賢, 山下昭二, 安河内裕司, 荒木卓哉, 上野修

  第231回日本作物学会講演会  2011/03
• Photoprotective function of foliar betacyanin in leaves of Amaranthus cruentus L. under drought stress  [Not invited]

  Taiken Nakashima, Takuya Araki, Osamu Ueno

  2010/08
• 葉内ベタシアニンが乾燥条件下のアマランサスにおける光阻害に及ぼす影響  [Not invited]

  中島大賢, 荒木卓哉, 上野修

  第229回日本作物学会講演会  2010/03
• アマランサスにおける葉内ベタシアニンの光阻害緩和作用の検討  [Not invited]

  中島大賢, 荒木卓哉, 上野修

  2008/09
• Variations in responses of leaf photosynthesis and dry matter productivity to the different levels of nitrogen application in Amaranthus spp  [Not invited]

  Taiken Nakashima, Takuya Araki

  2008/05

MISC

• Varietal differences in nitrogen uptake and allocation in Hokkaido maize varieties for grain production

  松井康眞, 松村悠生, 市川伸次, 竹村紘, 柏木純一, 平田聡之, 山田敏彦, 中島大賢  日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会会報(Web)  63-  2022
• トマトトライコームプロテオミクス:選択反応モニタリングを用いた高感度定量プロテオーム計測基盤の開発

  武森文子, 武森信曉, 中田佳佑, 中島大賢, 野並浩  日本生物環境工学会大会講演要旨  2017-  266‐267  2017/08/30  [Not refereed][Not invited]
  
• Pressure probe electrospray ionization for one cell metabolite/protein analyses

  NAKASHIMA Taiken, WADA Hiroshi, MORITA Satoshi, TAKEMORI Nobuaki, TAKEMORI Ayako, ERRA-BALSELLS Rosa, HIRAOKA Kenzo, NONAMI Hiroshi  質量分析総合討論会講演要旨集  63rd-  2015
• リアルタイム・1 細胞代謝物質計測のためのプレッシャープローブ・エレクトロスプレーイオン化

  野並浩, 中島大賢, 和田博史, 森田敏, 武森信暁, 武森文子, ERRA‐BALSELLS Rosa, 平岡賢三  日本生物環境工学会大会講演要旨  2015-  280  -283  2015  [Not refereed][Not invited]
  
• プレッシャープローブ・探針エレクトロスプレーイオン化を用いたタンパク質および代謝物質の超微量分析

  中島大賢, 武森信暁, 武森文子, ERRA-BAISELLS Rosa, 平岡賢三, 野並浩  BMSコンファレンス講演要旨集  41st-  2014
• 選択反応モニタリングによるトマトトライコームの定量プロテオーム解析

  武森文子, 武森信暁, 中島大賢, 野並浩  日本分子生物学会年会プログラム・要旨集(Web)  37th-  2014
• Effect of foliar betacyanin on recovery of photosynthetic capacity after exposure to prolonged mild water stress in Amaranthus cruentus L.

  NAKASHIMA Taiken, TSUTSUMI Nobuko, ARAKI Takuya, UENO Osamu  日本作物學會紀事  81-  286  -287  2012/09/09
• Dorso-ventral variation in age-dependent decline of photosynthetic capacity in leaves of Amaranthus cruents L.

  NAKASHIMA Taiken, TSUTSUMI Nobuko, ARAKI Takuya, UENO Osamu  日本作物學會紀事  81-  154  -155  2012/03/29
• Effect of betacyanin on photoinhibitory characteristics within leaves of Amaranthus tricolor L. ; A cellular assessment of photoinhibition using LIF measurement technique

  NAKASHIMA Taiken, YASUKOCHI Yuji, YAMASHITA Shoji, ARAKI Takuya, UENO Osamu  日本作物學會紀事  81-  306  -307  2012/03/29
• Effect of foliar betacyanin on photosynthetic characteristics in senescing leaves of Amaranthus cruents L.

  NAKASHIMA Taiken, ARAKI Takuya, UENO Osamu  日本作物學會紀事  81-  304  -305  2012/03/29
• A cellular assessment of photoinhibition within leaves of the C_4 dicot Amaranthus cruentus L. using the LIF system

  NAKASHIMA Taiken, YAMASHITA Shoji, YASUKOCHI Yuji, ARAKI Takuya, UENO Osamu  日本作物學會紀事  80-  132  -133  2011/03/30
• Effect of foliar betacyanin on photoinhibition and photosynthesis of Amaranthus cruentus L. under long-term drought stress

  NAKASHIMA Taiken, ARAKI Takuya, UENO Osamu  日本作物學會紀事  80-  352  -353  2011/03/30
• Effects of foliar betacyanin on photoinhibition in water-stressed leaves of Amaranthus cruentus

  NAKASHIMA Taiken, ARAKI Takuya, UENO Osamu  日本作物學會紀事  79-  144  -145  2010/03/30

Awards & Honors

• 2013/09 日本生物環境工学会 論文奨励賞
   

  受賞者: 中島 大賢
• 2012/09 日本生物環境工学会 優秀ポスター発表賞
   

  受賞者: 中島 大賢
• 2012/03 日本作物学会 優秀発表賞
   

  受賞者: 中島 大賢

Research Grants & Projects

• Kinetic study for synchronization nutrients requirement of Crop production and nutrients supply from cover crop residues.

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

  Date (from‐to) : 2022/04 -2025/03 

  Author : 平田 聡之, 中島 大賢
• Redesigning ideal crop canopy architecture using drone-based phenotyping techniques

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

  Date (from‐to) : 2021/04 -2024/03 

  Author : 中島 大賢, 加藤 洋一郎, 郭 威

   

  初年度はまず，収量特性が異なる茎葉型および子実型の2品種を北海道大学と東京大学の2地点で栽培した．北海道大学では，ドローン画像および群落内部の仰視画像を経時的に取得し，登熟初期の地上部構造特性を個体・群落規模で調査した．構造解析には投影法および層別刈り取り法を用い，各節の個葉形態や葉身傾斜角度および雌穂着生位置など，個体の草型を決定する形態形質を評価した．加えて，群落内の葉面積分布と光透過特性などの基本的な群落構造特性を解析した．東京大学では，ドローンおよびローバー型地上走行ロボットに搭載した各種センサーを用いて群落表層および内部の構造情報を経時計測し，画像解析や3次元点群再構築による形態評価手法の開発を行った． 構造解析の結果，個体および群落の構造特性には顕著な品種間差異が認められた．茎葉型品種では群落上層の葉面積が多く，これは上位節間が狭く，中位葉の葉身傾斜角度が大きいことに起因していた．子実型品種では個体あたりの葉面積は少ないものの，上位節間が長いことに加え，着雌穂葉の葉身傾斜角度が有意に小さいことにより，子実充填への寄与が大きい着雌穂葉の光捕集効率が高まったと考えられた．また，雌穂着生位置が茎葉型品種に比べて有意に低く，地上部の重心高を低下させることで耐倒伏性の向上に寄与していた．以上より，本試験で供試した子実型品種では，収量性と耐倒伏性の両立に有利な形態特性を備えていることが示唆された．今後は，このような形態形質の品種間差異について新規解析技術の応用を試みる．本年度までに，トウモロコシ幼植物体の3次元再構築やドローン計測による群落表層構造の時系列観測については基礎データが既に得られている．一方で，ドローン計測による評価が困難な群落内部の構造解析についてはさらに改良を進める必要がある．
• International research network for the improvement of direct-seeded rice systems in stress-prone environments in tropical Asia

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

  Date (from‐to) : 2018/10 -2023/03 

  Author : 加藤 洋一郎, 中島 大賢, 深野 祐也, 藤田 大輔

   

  コロナ禍において、熱帯アジアではロックダウンによる厳しい外出制限がかけられている地域もある。オンラインによる共同研究展開には限界があり、不良環境の直播稲作地帯への現地調査や現地試験に制限が生じた状況は大きく改善されなかった。そのような中、国際共同研究ネットワーク構築と強化をオンラインベースで進めることにエフォートを割いた。ACSAC10（アジア作物学会国際会議；オンライン開催）において、本研究プロジェクトによって構築した直播稲作研究ネットワークを活用して、中国・オーストラリア・インド・フィリピン、そして日本の５カ国からの研究者を招待し、アジア・オセアニア圏の直播稲作の研究課題と技術革新、そして社会実装に向けた研究課題についてセッションをオーガナイズし、議論を行った。セッションにはミャンマー、インドネシア他熱帯アジアからの参加もあり、のちに多くのフィードバックを得て、直播稲作の国際的な研究基盤をさらに強化することが出来た。また、熱帯アジアにおける直播水稲栽培の現地共同研究を一部で再開し、東ティモール国において展開される水稲直播栽培の実態と生産課題の調査、生産力調査を行った（当該国において直播稲作の栽培研究が実施されるのは初めてである）。
• Evaluation of potential function of non-photochemical quenching as a heat source to chloroplast under chilling stress

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

  Date (from‐to) : 2018/04 -2021/03 

  Author : Nakashima Taiken

   

  Short growing season is a major limitation on maize production in high latitude cold regions, leading to high density planting which poses an increased risk of root lodging. In this project, therefore, a comparative study on varietal differences in photosynthetic responses to early stage chilling stress was conducted to seek potential use of late-maturing varieties with improved cold tolerance. Among 18 varieties examined, two hybrids differing in early vigor and photosynthetic traits were identified. Further comparison of these hybrids revealed the importance of higher capacity of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), as well as of other photosynthetic components.As an additional and potential function of NPQ, effects of heat dissipated through NPQ processes on chloroplast temperature were also evaluated by utilizing a microscope spectroscopy which enables simultaneous monitoring of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching and thermoresponsive fluorescence probe.
• Development of drought tolerant energy crops based on field researches in the North American arid areas

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

  Date (from‐to) : 2017/04 -2020/03 

  Author : YAMADA Toshihiko

   

  Non-food energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. have been taken attention as one of feedstocks for renewable energy such as biofuels. They are required to be cultivated in marginal agriculture lands where environmental stresses such as droughts occur. At the two sites in Japan and the United States, we evaluated the drought tolerance and measured photosynthetic characteristics using various strains of Miscanthus spp. Genotypes with excellent drought tolerance were almost consistent in both sites experiments, and Miscanthus sinensis “PMS-285” from the Yangtze-Qinling Mountains region showed excellent drought tolerance and high photosynthetic ability even in drought condition. In addition, regarding Miscane (hybrids between Miscanthus and sugarcane), the photosynthetic ability at low temperature, which is related to drought tolerance, is intermediate between both parents. This finding reveals that Miscanthus could contributes to improve environmental adaptability of sugarcane.
• Cell dynamics of heat-induced rice chalky formation and nitrogen-enhanced suppression unveiled by using newly-developed on-site cell-specific analysis

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

  Date (from‐to) : 2016/04 -2020/03 

  Author : Wada Hiroshi

   

  Heat-induced chalky formation is a major concern in rice production. The chalkiness is suppressed by nitrogen, yet little is known about the cellular dynamics. Picolitre pressure-probe electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the cellular mechanisms of both processes in single endosperm cells of intact growing plants. We found an enlargement of protein storage vacuoles in osmotically adjusted cells under heat conditions with little accumulation of storage proteins prior to chalky formation, in addition to the partial inhibition of amyloplast development. Increased nitrogen availability enhanced heat tolerance through strong osmotic adjustment and the cells sustained protein synthesis even under heat conditions, which led to normal storage protein and amyloplast development to suppress air space formation. These findings provide new insight into the nitrogen-associated heat responses in the growing endosperm cells.
• Speaking Cell Approach by on-site/real-time cellular and molecular measurements

  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research

  Date (from‐to) : 2012/05 -2017/03 

  Author : NONAMI Hiroshi, MORITA Satoshi, WADA Hiroshi, NAKASHIMA Taiken

   

  By using physiological molecular information, environmental conditions can be adjusted optimally to grow crops in plant growth factories. Such a control method uses physiological information to optimize energy efficiency and product quality control in plant growth factories, and is known as the “speaking cell approach” (SCA). In the present study, methods for on-site/real time cellular and molecular measurement techniques have been developed by using a cell pressure probe and probe electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for SCA. By mixing ionic liquid with the silicone oil in the pressure probe, pico pressure probe electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was developed to measure metabolite concentrations of single cells of plants. Hence, the water status and metabolite concentrations of single cells of plants can be measured simultaneously to evaluate the physiological conditions in real time to control environmental conditions in greenhouses.

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