研究者情報

マスター

アカウント（マスター）

• 氏名

  若林　斉(ワカバヤシ　ヒトシ), ワカバヤシ　ヒトシ

所属（マスター）

• 工学研究院　環境工学部門　環境工学

所属（マスター）

• 工学研究院　環境工学部門　環境工学

独自項目

syllabus

• 2021, 室内環境評価特論, Evaluation of Indoor Environment, 修士課程, 工学院, environmental physiology, thermoregulation, circadian rhythm, thermal environment, lighting environment,
• 2021, 環境人間工学特論, Advanced Environmental Ergonomics, 修士課程, 工学院, 人間―環境系、ホメオスタシス、温熱環境、体温調節、呼吸循環、代謝、筋肉、照明、生体リズム、リスク管理
• 2021, 室内環境評価特論, Evaluation of Indoor Environment, 博士後期課程, 工学院, environmental physiology, thermoregulation, circadian rhythm, thermal environment, lighting environment,
• 2021, 環境人間工学特論, Advanced Environmental Ergonomics, 博士後期課程, 工学院, 人間―環境系、ホメオスタシス、温熱環境、体温調節、呼吸循環、代謝、筋肉、照明、生体リズム、リスク管理
• 2021, 環境工学実験Ⅲ, Environmental Engineering Laboratory III, 学士課程, 工学部, レポートの書き方　安全教育　生体機能測定法　熱工学　エネルギー　計測・制御　数値実験　温熱環境　空気環境　音環境
• 2021, 熱工学Ⅱ, Thermal Engineering II, 学士課程, 工学部, 熱伝導　対流熱伝達　放射熱伝達　熱貫流　動的現象
• 2021, 健康と社会, Health and Society, 学士課程, 全学教育, アンチドーピング、インテグリティ、運動学習、栄養学、環境、コンディショニング、時間生物学、姿勢、スポーツ傷害、バイオメカにクス、トレーニング、熱中症、パフォーマンス、
• 2021, 環境生理学, Environmental Physiology, 学士課程, 工学部, 環境適応能　ホメオスタシス　体温調節　呼吸循環　エネルギー代謝　筋肉　光環境　睡眠　生体リズム

researchmap

プロフィール情報

学位

• 博士（体育科学）（筑波大学）

プロフィール情報

• 姓

  若林

• 名

  斉

• ID各種

  201201005052174762

業績リスト

研究キーワード

• 環境人間工学   環境生理学   褐色脂肪   生活環境   健康科学   寒冷環境   寒冷適応   環境適応   温熱生理学   生理人類学   

研究分野

• 社会基盤（土木・建築・防災） / 建築環境、建築設備
• ライフサイエンス / 応用人類学
• ライフサイエンス / 栄養学、健康科学
• ライフサイエンス / スポーツ科学

経歴

• 2016年04月 - 現在 北海道大学 大学院工学研究院 准教授
• 2020年09月 - 2021年08月 Universitas Indonesia Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health 客員教授
• 2015年04月 - 2016年03月 千葉工業大学 工学部教育センター 准教授
• 2012年04月 - 2015年03月 千葉工業大学 工学部教育センター 助教
• 2009年04月 - 2012年03月 独立行政法人日本学術振興会 特別研究員（PD）
• 2009年10月 - 2011年02月 University of Portsmouth Department of Sport and Exercise Science 研究員
• 2007年04月 - 2009年03月 九州大学大学院芸術工学研究院 環境人間工学研究室 学術研究員

学歴

• 2001年04月 - 2007年03月   筑波大学   人間総合科学研究科   体育科学専攻
• 1997年04月 - 2001年03月   筑波大学   体育専門学群

委員歴

• 2022年09月 - 現在   日本体力医学会   評議員
• 2019年04月 - 現在   International Organization for Standardization   ISO/TC159/SC5 (Ergonomics of the physical environment), Committee member
• 2013年04月 - 現在   日本生理人類学会   理事
• 2021年01月 - 2024年03月   人間-生活環境系学会   理事
• 2014年01月 - 2023年12月   Journal of Physiological Anthropology   Editor
• 2020年06月 - 2022年06月   日本バイアスロン連盟   アンチ・ドーピング委員会
• 2018年06月 - 2020年06月   日本バイアスロン連盟   医・科学委員会科学委員
• 2011年08月 - 2018年01月   Extreme Physiology & Medicine   Editorial Board
• 2015年04月 - 2017年03月   千葉大学大学院工学研究科生命倫理審査委員会   委員

受賞

• 2023年10月 日本水泳・水中運動学会 最優秀論文発表賞ポスター部門
   寒冷水中環境での最大下運動時における解糖系代謝の亢進と骨格筋の低酸素化 

  受賞者: 坂上輝将;若林斉;仙石泰雄;高木英樹;鍋倉賢治
• 2022年12月 人間－生活環境系学会 第46回人間-生活環境系シンポジウム大会発表賞
   ファン付き作業服を着衣した人体の対流熱伝達率に関する研究（その１）発熱円筒を用いた基礎実験 

  受賞者: 山田開;桒原浩平;若林斉
• 2019年09月 The 14th International Congress of Physiological Anthropology Best Speaker Award - Consolation Prize
   

  受賞者: Yusuke Kobori;Kentaro Matsumoto;Hitoshi Wakabayashi;Mami Matsushita;Toshimitsu Kameya;Takafumi Maeda;Masayuki Saito
• 2019年09月 The 14th International Congress of Physiological Anthropology Best Poster Award - 2nd Prize
   

  受賞者: Tasuku Ebara;Kentaro Matsumoto;Yusuke Kobori;Hitoshi Wakabayashi;Mami Matsushita;Toshimitsu Kameya;Takafumi Maeda;Masayuki Saito
• 2019年06月 日本生理人類学会 第78回大会優秀発表賞
   

  受賞者: 松本健太郎;小堀祐資;若林斉;亀谷俊満;松下真美;前田享史;斉藤昌之
• 2018年10月 日本生理人類学会 第77回大会優秀発表賞
   

  受賞者: 鈴木新一;小林功嗣;佐藤大輔;金田晃一;若林斉
• 2018年06月 日本生理人類学会 日本生理人類学会優秀論文賞
   

  受賞者: 若林 斉
• 2017年05月 空気調和・衛生工学会北海道支部 平成28年度北海道支部学術講演会優秀発表奨励賞
   骨格筋における寒冷誘発性代謝の新しい評価方法の検討 第1報 近赤外線分光装置を用いた筋酸素動態による評価 

  受賞者: 小堀祐資,若林斉
• 2015年05月 日本生理人類学会 日本生理人類学会論文奨励賞
   

  受賞者: 若林斉
• 2013年06月 日本生理人類学会 日本生理人類学会第67回大会優秀発表賞
  
• 2012年12月 人間－生活環境系学会 人間－生活環境系学会平成24年度奨励賞
  
• 2012年12月 人間－生活環境系学会 人間－生活環境系学会大会発表賞
  
• 2011年09月 運動と体温の研究会 第25回運動と体温の研究会 若手発表部門奨励賞
  
• 2006年09月 運動と体温の研究会 第20回運動と体温の研究会 若手発表部門奨励賞
  
• 2004年09月 日本生理人類学会 日本生理人類学会第50回大会 発表奨励賞
  

論文

• Habituation of the cold shock response: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  Barwood MJ, Eglin C, Hills SP, Johnston N, Massey H, McMorris T, Tipton MJ, Wakabayashi H, Webster L

  Journal of Thermal Biology 119 103775  2024年 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• 寒冷水中環境での最大下運動時における骨格筋の低酸素化と解糖系代謝の亢進

  坂上輝将, 若林斉, 仙石泰雄, 高木英樹, 鍋倉賢治

  日本生理人類学会誌 28 3 57 - 69 2023年08月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• Influence of acute beetroot juice supplementation on cold-induced vasodilation and fingertip rewarming

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Koji Sugiyama, Shinichi Suzuki, Yasuko Sakihama, Makoto Hashimoto, Martin J Barwood

  European Journal of Applied Physiology 123 3 495 - 507 2023年03月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• Infant gross motor development and childhood physical activity: Role of adiposity

  Tomoko Aoyama, Yuki Hikihara, Masashi Watanabe, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Satoshi Hanawa, Naomi Omi, Hidemi Takimoto, Shigeho Tanaka

  Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Plus accepted 100021 - 100021 2023年01月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• Does earlier acquisition of motor competence promote pubertal physical activity in Japanese elementary school children: A 4-year follow-up study

  Yuki Hikihara, Masashi Watanabe, Tomoko Aoyama, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Satoshi Hanawa, Naomi Omi, Shigeho Tanaka

  Journal of Sports Sciences 40 18 2000 - 2009 2022年09月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  This 4-year follow-up study investigated which profile of motor competence (MC) in early childhood more strongly correlated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in early pubescence. A total of 247 first-grade children (152 boys) aged 6 to 7 years old participated in the baseline measurement. MVPA was measured using an accelerometer annually until the fifth grade. Body fat percentage was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline. MC included fundamental movement skills (FMS) and motor performance, which were assessed in terms of locomotor and object control. FMS was assessed by the Test of Gross Motor Development-2, while motor performance (locomotor: run, hop, jump, and side-step, object control: throw, kick, and hand dribble) was assessed by Japanese Physical Fitness and Motor Abilities Test at baseline. Multiple regression analysis showed that locomotor and object control performance were significant predictors of MVPA in later grades in boys but not in girls. These associations between locomotor performance and MVPA mainly remained significant after controlling for body fat and MVPA at baseline. FMS in both genders was not a significant predictor of MVPA in early pubescence. This study suggests that appropriate strategies for increasing MVPA from prepubescence to early pubescence may differ between boys and girls.
• How humans adapt to hot climates learned from the recent research on tropical indigenes.

  Yutaka Tochihara, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Joo-Young Lee, Titis Wijayanto, Nobuko Hashiguchi, Mohamed Saat

  Journal of Physiological Anthropology 41 27 27 - 27 2022年07月 [査読有り][招待有り]
   

  This review mainly aimed to introduce the findings of research projects comparing the responses of tropical and temperate indigenes to heat. From a questionnaire survey on thermal sensation and comfort of Indonesians and Japanese, we found that the thermal descriptor "cool" in tropical indigenes connotes a thermally comfortable feeling, suggesting that linguistic heat acclimatization exists on a cognitive level. Ten male students born and raised in Malaysia were invited to Fukuoka, Japan, and compared their responses with 10 Japanese male students with matched physical fitness and morphological characteristics. Cutaneous thermal sensitivity: The sensitivities were measured at 28 °C. The forehead warm sensitivity was significantly blunted in Malaysians. The less sensitivity to the warmth of tropical indigenes is advantageous in respect to withstanding heat stress with less discomfort and a greater ability to work in hot climates. Passive heat stress: Thermoregulatory responses, especially sweating, were investigated, during the lower leg hot bathing (42 °C for 60 min). The rectal temperature at rest was higher in Malaysians and increased smaller during immersion. There was no significant difference in the total amount of sweating between the two groups, while the local sweating on the forehead and thighs was lesser in Malaysians, suggesting distribution of sweating was different from Japanese. Exercise: Malaysian showed a significantly smaller increase in their rectal temperature during 55% maximal exercise for 60 min in heat (32 °C 70% relative humidity), even with a similar sweating and skin blood flow response in Japanese. The better heat tolerance in Malaysians could be explained by the greater convective heat transfer from the body core to the skin due to the greater core-to-skin temperature gradient. In addition, when they were hydrated, Malaysian participants showed better body fluid regulation with smaller reduction in plasma volume at the end of the exercise compared to the non-hydrated condition, whereas Japanese showed no difference between hydration conditions. We further investigated the de-acclimatization of heat adaptation by longitudinal observation on the heat tolerance of international students who had moved from tropical areas to Fukuoka for several years.
• 褐色脂肪組織と栄養・エネルギー代謝：ヒトでの最新知見

  斉藤昌之, 若林 斉

  日本生理人類学会誌 27 2 27 - 37 2022年05月 [査読有り][招待有り]
  
• Effect of personal protective equipment on the physiological responses of different body weight groups of firefighters.

  Ilham Bakri, Yutaka Tochihara, Joo-Young Lee, Hitoshi Wakabayashi

  Journal of the Human-Environment System 24 1 11 - 16 2022年03月 [査読有り]
  
• Association between age of achieving gross motor development milestones during infancy and body fat percentage at 6 to 7 years of age

  Tomoko Aoyama, Yuki Hikihara, Masashi Watanabe, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Satoshi Hanawa, Naomi Omi, Hidemi Takimoto, Shigeho Tanaka

  Maternal and Child Health Journal 26 415 - 423 2021年10月 [査読有り]
   

  The later achievement of gross motor milestones during infancy is associated with adiposity in early childhood. However, the associations between gross motor development and adiposity after entering primary school are unclear. This study examined the associations between the ages at which six gross motor milestones were achieved and adiposity during early school years. This retrospective study was conducted in 2012 and 2013. Data were collected from 225 first-grade primary school children (mean age, 6.9 years; 39% girls). Adiposity was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and expressed as body fat percentage. Data describing the ages of achieving six gross motor milestones (holding head up, sitting, crawling, standing supported, walking supported, and independent walking) were obtained from the Maternal and Child Health Handbooks. Mean body fat percentage was 21.7%. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that later ages of achieving crawling (p < .001 [95% confidence interval: 0.33–1.16]), standing supported (p < .001 [95% confidence interval: 0.64–1.65]), and walking supported [p = .013 (95% confidence interval: 0.13–1.07)] were associated with increased fat. However, the ages of achieving holding head up (p = .053), sitting (p = .175), and independent walking (p = .736) were not statistically significant. Achieving crawling, standing supported, and walking supported later predict increased body fat when aged 6–7 years. The practice of observing gross motor milestone achievements may allow early targeted interventions to optimize body composition before beginning school and thereby, potentially prevent childhood obesity.
• Upregulation of cathepsin L gene under mild cold conditions in young Japanese male adults

  Yoshiki Yasukochi, Sora Shin, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Takafumi Maeda

  Journal of Physiological Anthropology 40 1 16 - 16 2021年10月 [査読有り]
   

  BACKGROUND: Physiological thermoregulatory systems in humans have been a key factor for adaptation to local environments after their exodus from Africa, particularly, to cold environments outside Africa. Recent studies using high-throughput sequencing have identified various genes responsible for cold adaptation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying initial thermoregulation in response to acute cold exposure remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated transcriptional profiles of six young Japanese male adults exposed to acute cold stress. METHODS: In a climatic chamber, the air temperature was maintained at 28°C for 65 min and was then gradually decreased to 19°C for 70 min. Saliva samples were obtained from the subjects at 28°C before and after 19°C cold exposure and were used for RNA sequencing. RESULTS: In the cold exposure experiment, expression levels of 14 genes were significantly changed [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05] although the degree of transcriptional changes was not high due to experimental conditions or blunted transcriptional reaction in saliva to cold stress. As a result, differential gene expression analyses detected the cathepsin L (CTSL) gene to be significantly upregulated, with FDR < 0.05 and log2 fold change value > 1; thus, this gene was identified as a differentially expressed gene. Given that the cathepsin L protein is related to invasion of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), mild cold stress might alter the susceptibility to coronavirus disease-19 in humans. The gene ontology enrichment analysis for 14 genes with FDR < 0.05 suggested that immune-related molecules could be activated by mild cold stress. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained from this study indicate that CTSL expression levels can be altered by acute mild cold stress.
• Diurnal variations of brown fat thermogenesis and fat oxidation in humans

  Mami Matsushita, Shinsuke Nirengi, Masanobu Hibi, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Sang-il Lee, Masayuki Domichi, Naoki Sakane, Masayuki Saito

  International Journal of Obesity 45 2499 - 2505 2021年08月 [査読有り]
  
• Thermoregulatory and cardiovascular responses in the elderly towards a broad range of gradual air temperature changes

  Yutaka Tochihara, Kazuaki Yamashita, Kenji Fujii, Yumi Kaji, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Hiroyuki Kitahara

  Journal of Thermal Biology 99 2021年05月 [査読有り]
  
• Multiorgan contribution to non-shivering and shivering thermogenesis and vascular responses during gradual cold exposure in humans

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Kentaro Matsumoto, Yusuke Kobori, Tasuku Ebara, Mami Matsushita, Toshimitsu Kameya, Takafumi Maeda, Masayuki Saito

  European Journal of Applied Physiology 120 2737 - 2747 2020年09月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• Effects of acute hypobaric hypoxia on thermoregulatory and circulatory responses during cold air exposure.

  Shin S, Yasukochi Y, Wakabayashi H, Maeda T

  Journal of Physiological Anthropology 39 28 1 - 6 2020年09月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• Transcriptomic changes in young Japanese males after exposure to acute hypobaric hypoxia.

  Yasukochi Y, Shin S, Wakabayashi H, Maeda T

  Frontiers in Genetics 11 559074 1 - 10 2020年09月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• （総説） レーザードップラー血流計による皮膚血流測定のスポーツ科学への応用

  若林斉

  日本赤外線学会誌 30 1 17 - 20 2020年08月 [査読無し][招待有り]
  
• （総説）骨格筋冷却状態における運動パフォーマンス低下の生理的要因とトレーニングへの応用．

  若林斉, 坂上輝将, 仙石泰雄, 高木英樹

  日本運動生理学雑誌 27 1 9 - 13 2020年03月 [査読無し][招待有り]
  
• Pilot study: the effects of muscle cooling on metabolic responses and performance during a Wingate anaerobic power test

  Arthur Chan, Hiroyuki Sakaue, Miina Muranaka, Mariko Sakai, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Yasuo Sengoku

  Sport and Olympic-Paralympic Studies Journal (SOPSJ) 4 1 9 - 17 2019年10月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• An optimal condition for the evaluation of human brown adipose tissue by infrared thermography

  Shinsuke Nirengi, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Mami Matsushita, Masayuki Domichi, Shinichi Suzuki, Shin Sukino, Akiko Suganuma, Yaeko Kawaguchi, Takeshi Hashimoto, Masayuki Saito, Naoki Sakane

  PLoS ONE 14 8 e0220574  2019年08月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• 温熱と適応－生活習慣の変容による人類の温熱環境適応能の潜在化と顕在化－

  若林斉, 前田享史, 西村貴孝

  日本生理人類学会誌 23 4 167 - 170 2018年11月 [査読有り][招待有り]
  
• Effects of muscle cooling on kinetics of pulmonary oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation at the onset of exercise

  Wakabayashi H, Osawa M, Koga S, Li K, Sakaue H, Sengoku Y, Takagi H

  Physiological Reports 6 21 e13910  2018年10月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• 温熱・香り複合環境における生体応答に関する研究 第1報―ペパーミントの香りが記憶課題パフォーマンスおよび課題遂行時の脳酸素動態に及ぼす影響

  若林斉, 飯泉元気, 菊本悠, 小峯裕己

  空気調和・衛生工学会論文集 43 253 23 - 30 公益社団法人 空気調和・衛生工学会 2018年04月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  本研究は，ペパーミントの香り散布が，数字記憶課題の成績および生理・心理応答に及ぼす影響を検証することを目的とした。成人男性 10 名を対象に，室温 28℃，相対湿度 50%環境において 7～9 桁の数字記憶課題をペパーミントの香り有無の 2 条件で実施した。香り散布による課題正答率への影響は見られなかったが，心拍数は低値を示した。また，脳組織酸素動態においては，7，8 桁課題の前半数か所において酸素化ヘモグロビン濃度変化量が低い傾向を示した。この結果から，香り散布による課題遂行時の生体負担軽減の可能性が示唆された。体温調節応答（耳内温，平均皮膚温，皮膚血流量，局所発汗量）および主観申告（温冷感，温熱的快適感，発汗感，体感温度）は，いずれも実験中の変化がわずかであり，香り散布による影響は見られなかった。
• Effect of repeated forearm muscle cooling on the adaptation of skeletal muscle metabolism in humans

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Takayuki Nishimura, Titis Wijayanto, Shigeki Watanuki, Yutaka Tochihara

  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 61 7 1261 - 1267 2017年07月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  This study aimed to investigate the effect of repeated cooling of forearm muscle on adaptation in skeletal muscle metabolism. It is hypothesized that repeated decreases of muscle temperature would increase the oxygen consumption in hypothermic skeletal muscle. Sixteen healthy males participated in this study. Their right forearm muscles were locally cooled to 25 A degrees C by cooling pads attached to the skin. This local cooling was repeated eight times on separate days for eight participants (experimental group), whereas eight controls received no cold exposure. To evaluate adaptation in skeletal muscle metabolism, a local cooling test was conducted before and after the repeated cooling period. Change in oxy-hemoglobin content in the flexor digitorum at rest and during a 25-s isometric handgrip (10% maximal voluntary construction) was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy at every 2 A degrees C reduction in forearm muscle temperature. The arterial blood flow was occluded for 15 s by upper arm cuff inflation at rest and during the isometric handgrip. The oxygen consumption in the flexor digitorum muscle was evaluated by a slope of the oxy-hemoglobin change during the arterial occlusion. In the experimental group, resting oxygen consumption in skeletal muscle did not show any difference between pre- and post-intervention, whereas muscle oxygen consumption during the isometric handgrip was significantly higher in post-intervention than in pre-test from thermoneutral baseline to 31 A degrees C muscle temperature (P < 0.05). This result indicated that repeated local muscle cooling might facilitate oxidative metabolism in the skeletal muscle. In summary, skeletal muscle metabolism during submaximal isometric handgrip was facilitated after repeated local muscle cooling.
• Neuromuscular function during knee extension exercise after cold water immersion

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Titis Wijayanto, Yutaka Tochihara

  JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 36 2017年06月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  Background: Human adaptability to cold environment has been focused on in the physiological anthropology and related research area. Concerning the human acclimatization process in the natural climate, it is necessary to conduct a research assessing comprehensive effect of cold environment and physical activities in cold. This study investigated the effect of cold water immersion on the exercise performance and neuromuscular function during maximal and submaximal isometric knee extension. Methods: Nine healthy males participated in this study. They performed maximal and submaximal (20, 40, and 60% maximal load) isometric knee extension pre-and post-immersion in 23, 26, and 34 degrees C water. The muscle activity of the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) was measured using surface electromyography (EMG). The percentages of the maximum voluntary contraction (% MVC) and mean power frequency (MPF) of EMG data were analyzed. Results: The post-immersion maximal force was significantly lower in 23 degrees C than in 26 and 34 degrees C conditions (P < 0.05). The post-immersion % MVC of RF was significantly higher than pre-immersion during 60% maximal exercise in 23 and 26 degrees C conditions (P < 0.05). In the VL, the post-immersion % MVC was significantly higher than pre-immersion in 23 and 26 degrees C conditions during 20% maximal exercise and in 26 degrees C at 40 and 60% maximal intensities (P < 0.05). The postimmersion % MVC of VL was significantly higher in 26 degrees C than in 34 degrees C at 20 and 60% maximal load (P < 0.05). The postimmersion MPF of RF during 20% maximal intensity was significantly lower in 23 degrees C than in 26 and 34 degrees C conditions (P < 0.05), and significantly different between three water temperature conditions at 40 and 60% maximal intensities (P < 0.05). The post-immersion MPF of VL during three submaximal trials were significantly lower in 23 and 26 degrees C than in 34 degrees C conditions (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The lower shift of EMG frequency would be connected with the decrease in the nerve and muscle fibers conduction velocity. To compensate for the impairment of each muscle fibers function, more muscle fibers might be recruited to maintain the working load. This might result in the greater amplitude of EMG after the cold immersion.
• Maximal workload but not peak oxygen uptake is decreased during immersed incremental exercise at cooler temperatures

  Tomomi Fujimoto, Yosuke Sasaki, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Yasuo Sengoku, Shozo Tsubakimoto, Takeshi Nishiyasu

  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY 116 9 1819 - 1827 2016年09月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  Purpose This study investigated the effects of water temperature on cardiorespiratory responses and exercise performance during immersed incremental cycle exercise until exhaustion. Methods Ten healthy young men performed incremental cycle exercise on a water cycle ergometer at water temperatures (T-w) of 18, 26 and 34 degrees C. Workload was initially set at 60 W and was increased by 20 W every 2 min for the first four levels and then by 10 W every minute until the subject could no longer continue. Results During submaximal exercise (60-120 W), (V)over dotO(2) was greater at T-w = 18 degrees C than at 26 or 34 degrees C. Maximal workload was lower at T-w = 18 degrees C than at 26 or 34 degrees C [T-w = 18 degrees C: 138 +/- 16 (SD) W, T-w = 26 degrees C: 157 +/- 16 W, T-w = 34 degrees C: 156 +/- 18 W], whereas (V)over dotO(2) peak did not differ among the three temperatures [T-w = 18 degrees C: 3156 +/- 364 (SD) ml min-1, T-w = 26 degrees C: 3270 +/- 344 ml min-1, T-w = 34 degrees C: 3281 +/- 268 ml min-1]. Minute ventilation ((V)over dot(E)) and tidal volume (VT) during submaximal exercise were higher at T-w = 18 degrees C than at 26 or 34 degrees C, while respiratory frequency (f(R)) did not differ with respect to T-w. Conclusion Peak workload during immersed incremental cycle exercise is lower in cold water (18 degrees C) due to the higher (V)over dotO(2) during submaximal exercise, while the greater (V)over dot(E) in cold water was due to a larger V-T.
• 学士課程教育における大学体育：その可能性と再定義

  森田啓, 引原有輝, 若林斉, 金田晃一, 西林賢武

  体育学研究 61 1 217 - 227 2016年06月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• 実技種目の異なる大学体育授業が社会人基礎力の育成に及ぼす影響

  引原有輝, 森田啓, 若林斉, 金田晃一

  大学体育学 13 13 16 - 25 全国大学体育連合 2016年03月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• (Review Article) Exercise performance in acute and chronic cold exposure

  Wakabayashi H, Oksa J, Tipton MJ

  The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 4 2 177 - 185 The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 2015年05月 [査読無し][招待有り]
   

  This review focuses on the suppression of physical performance in a cold environment and the underlying physiological mechanisms. There are many situations where humans have to perform physical activities in a cold environment. Cold environments often limit exercise and working performance by impairing functions such as force production, velocity, power and manual dexterity. A muscle temperature of around 27°C is assumed to be a critical temperature below which maximal voluntary isometric force starts to decrease. The endurance time of submaximal isometric contractions peak at muscle temperatures of 27 to 28°C and decrease rapidly above and below these temperatures. Dynamic exercise performance, especially fast velocity movement, is generally more disturbed by cooling than isometric contractions. Additionally, the effect of cold adaptation on exercise performance, and the potential related mechanisms are summarized here based on a limited number of studies. Since the involuntary muscle contraction of shivering disturbs fine motor control, habituation of shivering, which is an example of cold adaptation, potentially improves exercise performance. Higher hand skin temperatures, induced by greater cold induced vasodilatation after local cold adaptation, could improve manual dexterity. Since there have been few studies testing the effect of cold adaptation on exercise performance in a cold environment, further studies seem warranted.
• The European, Japanese and US protective helmet, gloves and boots for firefighters: thermoregulatory and psychological evaluations

  Joo-Young Lee, Yota Yamamoto, Riichi Oe, Su-Young Son, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Yutaka Tochihara

  ERGONOMICS 57 8 1213 - 1221 2014年08月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological and subjective responses of the European, Japanese (JPN) and US firefighters' helmet, gloves and boots for international standardisation. Three experimental conditions were evaluated (clothing mass: 9.4, 8.2 and 10.1kg for the three conditions, respectively) at the air temperature of 32 degrees C and 60% relative humidity. The results showed that there was no significant difference among the three conditions in oxygen consumption, heart rate, total sweat rate, rectal temperature and mean skin temperature, whereas peripheral temperatures and subjective perceptions were lower in the JPN condition than in the other conditions (P<0.05). These results indicate that a 0.5-kg reduction in helmet mass and a 1.1-kg reduction in boot mass during exercise resulted in a significant decrease in head and leg temperatures and subjective perceptions, while a 1.9-kg reduction in total clothing mass had insignificant influences on the metabolic burden and overall body temperature. Practitioner Summary: International, European or American standards on firefighters' helmet, boots or gloves stipulate minimum requirements for the protection of firefighters, whereas comfort functions are relatively neglected. The structural differences in the officially approved helmets, gloves and boots can reduce regional thermoregulatory burdens and improve subjective perceptions.
• A comparison of hydration effect on body fluid and temperature regulation between Malaysian and Japanese males exercising at mild dehydration in humid heat

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Titis Wijayanto, Joo-Young Lee, Nobuko Hashiguchi, Mohamed Saat, Yutaka Tochihara

  JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 33 2014年02月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  Background: This study investigated the effect of hydration differences on body fluid and temperature regulation between tropical and temperate indigenes exercising in the heat. Methods: Ten Japanese and ten Malaysian males with matched physical characteristics (height, body weight, and peak oxygen consumption) participated in this study. Participants performed exercise for 60 min at 55% peak oxygen uptake followed by a 30 min recovery at 32 degrees C and 70% relative air humidity with hydration (4 times each, 3 mL per kg body weight, 37 degrees C) or without hydration. Rectal temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, skin blood flow, and blood pressure were measured continuously. The percentage of body weight loss and total sweat loss were calculated from body weight measurements. The percentage change in plasma volume was estimated from hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit. Results: Malaysian participants had a significantly lower rectal temperature, a smaller reduction in plasma volume, and a lower heart rate in the hydrated condition than in the non-hydrated condition at the end of exercise (P <0.05), whereas Japanese participants showed no difference between the two hydration conditions. Hydration induced a greater total sweat loss in both groups (P <0.05), and the percentage of body weight loss in hydrated Malaysians was significantly less than in hydrated Japanese (P <0.05). A significant interaction between groups and hydration conditions was observed for the percentage of mean cutaneous vascular conductance during exercise relative to baseline (P <0.05). Conclusions: The smaller reduction in plasma volume and percentage body weight loss in hydrated Malaysians indicated an advantage in body fluid regulation. This may enable Malaysians to reserve more blood for circulation and heat dissipation and thereby maintain lower rectal temperatures in a hydrated condition.
• 前腕部の繰り返し冷却に伴うハンドグリップ運動時骨格筋酸素動態の適応

  若林 斉

  デサントスポーツ科学 34 125-131 - 131 石本記念デサントスポーツ科学振興財団事務局 2013年06月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• Habituation of the metabolic and ventilatory responses to cold-water immersion in humans

  Michael J. Tipton, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Martin J. Barwood, Clare M. Eglin, Igor B. Mekjavic, Nigel A.S. Taylor

  Journal of Thermal Biology 38 1 24 - 31 2013年01月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  An experiment was undertaken to answer long-standing questions concerning the nature of metabolic habituation in repeatedly cooled humans. It was hypothesised that repeated skin and deep-body cooling would produce such a habituation that would be specific to the magnitude of the cooling experienced, and that skin cooling alone would dampen the cold-shock but not the metabolic response to cold-water immersion. Twenty-one male participants were divided into three groups, each of which completed two experimental immersions in 12 °C water, lasting until either rectal temperature fell to 35 °C or 90. min had elapsed. Between these two immersions, the control group avoided cold exposures, whilst two experimental groups completed five additional immersions (12 °C). One experimental group repeatedly immersed for 45. min in average, resulting in deep-body (1.18 °C) and skin temperature reductions. The immersions in the second experimental group were designed to result only in skin temperature reductions, and lasted only 5. min. Only the deep-body cooling group displayed a significantly blunted metabolic response during the second experimental immersion until rectal temperature decreased by 1.18 °C, but no habituation was observed when they were cooled further. The skin cooling group showed a significant habituation in the ventilatory response during the initial 5. min of the second experimental immersion, but no alteration in the metabolic response. It is concluded that repeated falls of skin and deep-body temperature can habituate the metabolic response, which shows tissue temperature specificity. However, skin temperature cooling only will lower the cold-shock response, but appears not to elicit an alteration in the metabolic response. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
• The use of language to express thermal sensation suggests heat acclimatization by Indonesian people

  Yutaka Tochihara, Joo-Young Lee, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Titis Wijayanto, Ilham Bakri, Ken Parsons

  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 56 6 1055 - 1064 2012年11月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  The purpose of this study was to explore whether there is evidence of heat acclimatization in the words used to express thermal sensation. A total of 458 urban Japanese and 601 Indonesians participated in a questionnaire. In addition, in a preliminary survey, 39 native English speakers in the UK participated. Our results showed that (1) for Indonesians, the closest thermal descriptor of a feeling of thermal comfort was 'cool' (75%) followed by 'slightly cool' (7%), 'slightly cold' (5%) and 'cold' (5%), while Japanese responses were distributed uniformly among descriptors 'cool', 'slightly cool', 'neither', 'slightly warm', and 'warm'; (2) the closest thermal descriptors of a feeling of discomfort for Indonesians were less affected by individual thermal susceptibility (vulnerability) than those for Japanese; (3) in the cases where 'cool' and 'slightly cold' were imagined in the mind, the descriptors were cognized as a thermal comfortable feeling by 97% and 57% of Indonesians, respectively; (4) the most frequently voted choice endorsing hot weather was 'higher than 32A degrees C' for Indonesians and 'higher than 29A degrees C' for Japanese respondents; for cold weather, 'lower than 15A degrees C' for Japanese and 'lower than 20A degrees C' for Indonesians. In summary, the descriptor 'cool' in Indonesians connotes a thermally comfortable feeling, but the inter-zone between hot and cold weather that was judged in the mind showed a upward shift when compared to that of Japanese. It is suggested that linguistic heat acclimatization exists on a cognitive level for Indonesians and is preserved in the words of thermal descriptors.
• Effects of duration of stay in temperate area on thermoregulatory responses to passive heat exposure in tropical south-east Asian males residing in Japan

  Titis Wijayanto, Sayo Toramoto, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Yutaka Tochihara

  JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 31 2012年09月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  Background: In this study, we investigated the effects of duration of stay in a temperate area on the thermoregulatory responses to passive heat exposure of residents from tropical areas, particularly to clarify whether they would lose their heat tolerance during passive heat exposure through residence in a temperate country, Japan. Methods: We enrolled 12 males (mean +/- SE age 25.7 +/- 1.3 years) from south-east Asian countries who had resided in Japan for a mean of 24.5 +/- 5.04 months, and 12 Japanese males (age 24.1 +/- 0.9 years). Passive heat exposure was induced through leg immersion in hot water (42 degrees C) for 60 minutes under conditions of 28 C air temperature and 50% relative humidity. Results: Compared with the Japanese group, the tropical group displayed a higher pre-exposure rectal temperature (P < 0.01) and a smaller increase in rectal temperature during 60 minutes of leg immersion (P = 0.03). Additionally, the tropical group showed a tendency towards a lower total sweat rate (P = 0.06) and lower local sweat rate on the forehead (P = 0.07). The tropical group also had a significantly longer sweating onset time on the upper back (P = 0.04) compared with the Japanese groups. The tropical group who stayed in Japan for > 23 months sweated earlier on the forehead and upper back than those who stayed in Japan < 11 months (P < 0.01 and P = 0.03 for the forehead and upper back, respectively). There was a positive correlation between duration of stay in Japan and total sweat rate (r = 0.58, P < 0.05), and negative correlations between duration of stay and sweating onset time on the forehead (r = -0.73, P = 0.01) and on the upper back (r = -0.66, P = 0.02). Other physiological indices measured in this study did not show any difference between the subjects in the tropical group who had lived in Japan for a shorter time and those who had lived there for a longer time. Conclusions: We conclude that the nature of heat acclimatization of the sweating responses to passive heat exposure that are acquired from long-term heat acclimatization is decayed by a stay in a temperate area, as shown by the subjects in our tropical group. We did not find any evidence of a decay in the other physiological indices, indicating that heat tolerance acquired from long-term heat acclimatization is not completely diminished through residence in a temperate area for less than 4 years, although some aspects of this heat tolerance may be decayed.
• The effect of repeated mild cold water immersions on the adaptation of the vasomotor responses

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Titis Wijayanto, Hideto Kuroki, Joo-Young Lee, Yutaka Tochihara

  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 56 4 631 - 637 2012年07月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  There are several types of cold adaptation based on the alteration of thermoregulatory response. It has been thought that the temperature of repeated cold exposures during the adaptation period is one of the factors affecting the type of cold adaptation developed. This study tested the hypothesis that repeated mild cold immersions would induce an insulative cold adaptation but would not alter the metabolic response. Seven healthy male participants were immersed to their xiphoid process level repeatedly in 26A degrees C water for 60 min, 3 days every week, for 4 weeks. During the first and last exposure of this cold acclimation period, the participants underwent body immersion tests measuring their thermoregulatory responses to cold. Separately, they conducted finger immersion into 5A degrees C water for 30 min to assess their cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) response before and after cold acclimation. During the immersion to xiphoid process, participants showed significantly lower mean skin temperature and skin blood flow in the forearm post-acclimation, while no adaptation was observed in the metabolic response. Additionally, blunted CIVD responses were observed after cold acclimation. From these results, it was considered that the participants showed an insulative-type of cold acclimation after the repeated mild cold immersions. The major finding of this study was the acceptance of the hypothesis that repeated mild cold immersion was sufficient to induce insulative cold adaptation but did not alter the metabolic response. It is suggested that the adaptation in the thermoregulatory response is specific to the response which is repeatedly stimulated during the adaptation process.
• 原子力施設における防護服着用時熱中症リスク管理のための鼓膜温に基づく直腸温推定法

  高橋直樹, Joo-Young LEE, 若林斉, 栃原裕

  保健物理 47 1 54-65 - 65 Japan Health Physics Society 2012年03月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  At nuclear facilities, workers wear impermeable protective clothing to prevent radioactive contamination during inspection and maintenance activities. The heat stroke risk of the workers wearing protective clothing gradually increases, because of retaining heat and humidity inside of protective clothing. Normally, the rectal temperature is used to manage the heat stroke risk. But the rectal temperature measurement is very difficult at the working place. We have already reported that the measurement of infrared tympanic temperature is more realistic than that of rectal temperature to manage the heat stroke risk. But tympanic temperature indicates high temperature compared to rectal temperature. So, the use of the tympanic temperature overestimates core temperature and decreases the work efficiency. Therefore, we attempted to make formulas to predict rectal temperature from measured tympanic temperature, and to use calculated rectal temperature for safer and more efficient management. The rectal temperature predicted with the formulas agreed with the actual measurement within the range of measurement error (±0.1°C). Combination of tympanic temperature measurement and heart rate evaluation enabled the safer management of the heat stroke risk with wearing protective clothing.
• Authors' response to A. Flouris's correspondence 'The advantage of using differential data in thermal biology'

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Joo-Young Lee, Titis Wijayanto, Nobuko Hashiguchi, Mohamed Saat, Yutaka Tochihara

  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 56 2 405 - 406 2012年03月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• Effects of firefighters' self-contained breathing apparatus' weight and its harness design on the physiological and subjective responses

  Ilham Bakri, Joo-Young Lee, Kouhei Nakao, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Yutaka Tochihara

  ERGONOMICS 55 7 782 - 791 2012年 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  To examine the effects of firefighters' self-contained breathing apparatus' (SCBA) weight and its harness design on the physiological and subjective responses, eight male students performed treadmill exercise under four conditions: the 8 kg firefighter protective clothing (PC) (Control), the PC + an 11 kg SCBA with an old harness (Test A), the PC + a 6.4 kg SCBA with an old harness (Test B) and the PC + a 6.4 kg SCBA with a new harness (Test C), at ambient temperatures (T-a) of 22 degrees C and 32 degrees C. Besides highlighting the fact that a heavy SCBA had a significant effect on the oxygen consumption and metabolic rate, this experiment also found that in a T-a of 32 degrees C, in particular, the combined effect of 4.7 kg lighter SCBA and new harness design could reduce metabolic rate and improved subjective muscle fatigue and thermal discomfort. Practitioner Summary: An effort to alleviate the physiological and subjective burden of firefighters by reducing the weight of SCBA and by using the new harness design has provided satisfactory results in reduced oxygen consumption and in improved subjective responses in a hot air environment.
• Ethnic differences in thermoregulatory responses during resting, passive and active heating: application of Werner's adaptation model

  Joo-Young Lee, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Titis Wijayanto, Nobuko Hashiguchi, Mohamed Saat, Yutaka Tochihara

  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY 111 12 2895 - 2905 2011年12月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  For the coherent understanding of heat acclimatization in tropical natives, we compared ethnic differences between tropical and temperate natives during resting, passive and active heating conditions. Experimental protocols included: (1) a resting condition (an air temperature of 28A degrees C with 50% RH), (2) a passive heating condition (28A degrees C with 50% RH; leg immersion in a hot tub at a water temperature of 42A degrees C), and (3) an active heating condition (32A degrees C with 70% RH; a bicycle exercise). Morphologically and physically matched tropical natives (ten Malaysian males, MY) and temperate natives (ten Japanese males, JP) participated in all three trials. The results saw that: tropical natives had a higher resting rectal temperature and lower hand and foot temperatures at rest, smaller rise of rectal temperature and greater temperature rise in bodily extremities, and a lower sensation of thirst during passive and active heating than the matched temperate natives. It is suggested that tropical natives' homeostasis during heating is effectively controlled with the improved stability in internal body temperature and the increased capability of vascular circulation in extremities, with a lower thirst sensation. The enhanced stability of internal body temperature and the extended thermoregulatory capability of vascular circulation in the extremities of tropical natives can be interpreted as an interactive change to accomplish a thermal dynamic equilibrium in hot environments. These heat adaptive traits were explained by Wilder's law of initial value and Werner's process and controller adaptation model.
• Comparison of thermoregulatory responses to heat between Malaysian and Japanese males during leg immersion

  Titis Wijayanto, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Joo-Young Lee, Nobuko Hashiguchi, Mohamed Saat, Yutaka Tochihara

  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 55 4 491 - 500 2011年07月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  The objective of this study was to investigate thermoregulatory responses to heat in tropical (Malaysian) and temperate (Japanese) natives, during 60 min of passive heating. Ten Japanese (mean ages: 20.8 +/- 0.9 years) and ten Malaysian males (mean ages: 22.3 +/- 1.6 years) with matched morphological characteristics and physical fitness participated in this study. Passive heating was induced through leg immersion in hot water (42A degrees C) for 60 min under conditions of 28A degrees C air temperature and 50% RH. Local sweat rate on the forehead and thigh were significantly lower in Malaysians during leg immersion, but no significant differences in total sweat rate were observed between Malaysians (86.3 A +/- 11.8 g m(-2) h(-1)) and Japanese (83.2 A +/- 6.4 g m(-2) h(-1)) after leg immersion. In addition, Malaysians displayed a smaller rise in rectal temperature (0.3 A +/- 0.1A degrees C) than Japanese (0.7 A +/- 0.1A degrees C) during leg immersion, with a greater increase in hand skin temperature. Skin blood flow was significantly lower on the forehead and forearm in Malaysians during leg immersion. No significant different in mean skin temperature during leg immersion was observed between the two groups. These findings indicated that regional differences in body sweating distribution might exist between Malaysians and Japanese during heat exposure, with more uniform distribution of local sweat rate over the whole body among tropical Malaysians. Altogether, Malaysians appear to display enhanced efficiency of thermal sweating and thermoregulatory responses in dissipating heat loss during heat loading. Thermoregulatory differences between tropical and temperate natives in this study can be interpreted as a result of heat adaptations to physiological function.
• Comparison of heat dissipation response between Malaysian and Japanese males during exercise in humid heat stress

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Titis Wijayanto, Joo-Young Lee, Nobuko Hashiguchi, Mohamed Saat, Yutaka Tochihara

  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 55 4 509 - 517 2011年07月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  This study investigated the differences in heat dissipation response to intense heat stress during exercise in hot and humid environments between tropical and temperate indigenes with matched physical characteristics. Ten Japanese (JP) and ten Malaysian (MY) males participated in this study. Subjects performed exercise for 60 min at 55% peak oxygen uptake in 32A degrees C air with 70% relative humidity, followed by 30 min recovery. The increase in rectal temperature (T (re)) was smaller in MY during exercise compared to JP. The local sweat rate and total body mass loss were similar in both groups. Both skin blood flow and mean skin temperature was lower in MY compared to JP. A significantly greater increase in hand skin temperature was observed in MY during exercise, which is attributable to heat loss due to the greater surface area to mass ratio and large number of arteriovenous anastomoses. Also, the smaller increase in T (re) in MY may be explained by the presence of a significantly greater core-skin temperature gradient in MY than JP. The thermal gradient is also a major factor in increasing the convective heat transfer from core to skin as well as skin blood flow. It is concluded that the greater core-skin temperature gradient observed in MY is responsible for the smaller increase in T (re).
• 原子力施設における防護服着用作業員のためのリアルタイム暑熱負担遠隔モニタリング装置の開発とその運用

  高橋直樹, 李珠英, 若林斉, 栃原裕

  保健物理 46 2 140-147 - 108 Japan Health Physics Society 2011年06月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• Comparison of once and twice weekly water exercise on various bodily functions in community-dwelling frail elderly requiring nursing care

  Daisuke Sato, Koichi Kaneda, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Yoshimitsu Shimoyama, Yasuhiro Baba, Takeo Nomura

  ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 52 3 331 - 335 2011年05月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  Previous research suggests that water exercise (WE) improves bodily functions of the frail elderly, but there is as yet no research on the effect of once weekly WE. This study aims to compare the effects of once and twice weekly WE on bodily functions of frail elderly requiring nursing care in six months. The design is a prospective cohort study. Participants were assigned to two different exercise groups (once weekly group or twice weekly group; n = 35). Once weekly group participate in a 60-min exercise session once a week, for six months while twice weekly group attended the session twice a week. Exercise sessions were divided into a 10-min warm-up on land and 50 min of exercise in water. The 50-min WE program consisted of 20 min walking, 10 min activities of daily living (ADL) exercise, 10 min stretching and strength exercises, and 10 min relaxation in water. Muscle strength, flexibility, balance, mobility and ADL disability were measured before the beginning of intervention and three months and six months after the program had started. Significant differences between the once and twice weekly groups were found in flexibility and balance at 3-months and 6-months and lower muscle strength and ADL disability only at 3-months. These results from present study suggested that the effects of WE frequency in the fail elderly who require nursing care were different for each bodily function. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Evaluation of childrens' thermal sensation in an outdoor swimming pool during swimming class -Multiple effects of environment, morphological characteristics and swimwear condition-

  Wakabayashi H, Arai S, Sengoku Y, Kaneda K, Sato D, Nomura T, Tochihara Y

  Journal of Human-Environment System 14 1 1-7  2011年04月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• 水中運動時の下肢酸素動態，特集：水中運動療法の考え方・進め方－安全で有効な実践のために－

  臨床スポーツ医学 27 8 823-827  2010年08月 [査読無し][通常論文]
  
• Differences in rectal temperatures measured at depths of 4-19 cm from the anal sphincter during exercise and rest

  Joo-Young Lee, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Titis Wijayanto, Yutaka Tochihara

  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY 109 1 73 - 80 2010年05月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  The purpose of the present study was to examine the discrepancies in rectal temperature (T (re)) at various depths. Nineteen young males performed two bouts of bicycle exercise and recovery. T (re) was simultaneously measured at depth of 4, 6, 8, 10, 13, 16, and 19 cm, alongside the measurement of skin temperatures. We found small but statistically significant differences by depth in the absolute T (re), the magnitude of rise in T (re) and the lag of response in T (re). During the stabilization stage before exercise, T (re) at 4 cm-depth was 0.5A degrees C lower than T (re) at 16 cm-depth (p < 0.05). As the depth measured in the rectum was shallower, the rise in T (re) during exercise was greater. However the rise in T (re) at 10, 13, 16 and 19 cm showed no systemic difference. Among seven depths, T (re) at 16 cm-depth had the most stable feature with the longest latent period (3.1 +/- A 1.3 min) and the smallest rise (0.8 +/- A 0.3A degrees C), while T (re) at 4 cm-depth was the most responsive to the change of exercise and rest with the shortest latent period (1.0 +/- A 0.6 min) and the greatest rise (1.2 +/- A 0.5A degrees C). The differences observed in the depths from 4 to 19 cm were offset by exercise to some extent. In summary, T (re) appeared in different manners according to the seven depths during the repetition of exercise and rest, but T (re) deeper than 10 cm-depth seemed to have no systematic differences.
• Issues in combining the categorical and visual analog scale for the assessment of perceived thermal sensation: Methodological and conceptual considerations

  Joo-Young Lee, Eric A. Stone, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Yutaka Tochihara

  APPLIED ERGONOMICS 41 2 282 - 290 2010年03月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  Typically, the scales for the measurement of thermal sensation have been formatted as categorical scales (CS). Emerging is the use of CS combined with visual analog scale (VAS) for the measurement of thermal sensation to improve the sensitivity of scales. However, reports are rare comparing the typical CS, standard VAS, and combined CS with VAS. Methodological and conceptual issues are arising with the combining of scales, but there are insufficient reports about the advantages and limitations of different scales. The present study compared 9-points categorical scale (9pts CS), VAS, and CS combined with VAS (graphic CS) through a questionnaire Survey (n = 988) and a controlled experiment during exercise (17 male subjects). Our results showed that graphic CS was more closely related to indoor air temperature for resting residents rather than VAS or 9pts CS. Around thermal neutral zone indoor environments, sensitivity to discriminate thermal sensation was the greatest for graphic CS. In particular, questionnaire responses to VAS showed a remarkable clustering around the thermal neutral zone. For dynamic exercising subjects, mean skin temperature was more closely related to graphic CS than 9pts CS. Our results indicated that graphic CS seemed to be more valid and sensitive than 9pts CS or VAS for the measurement of thermal sensation, but there are many issues to be considered when combining CS and VAS from the methodological and conceptual view points: definitions of terms, verbalizing with descriptors, number of category, scoring length, unipolar/bipolar construction, language translation, central terms, both anchor terms, orientation, color, etc. The above methodological and conceptual issues were discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Cutaneous Warm and Cool Sensation Thresholds and the Inter-threshold Zone in Malaysian and Japanese Males

  Joo-Young Lee, Mohamed Saat, Chinmei Chou, Nobuko Hashiguchi, Titis Wijayanto, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Yutaka Tochihara

  JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY 35 2 70 - 76 2010年02月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  The purpose of this study was to investigate ethnic differences in cutaneous thermal sensation thresholds and the inter-threshold sensory zone between tropical (Malaysians) and temperate natives (Japanese). The results showed that (1) Malaysian males perceived warmth on the forehead at a higher skin temperature (T(sk)) than Japanese males (p < 0.05), whereas cool sensations on the hand and foot were perceived at a lower T(sk) in Malaysians (p < 0.05); (2) Overall, the sensitivity to detect warmth was greater in Japanese than in Malaysian males, (3) The most thermally sensitive body region of Japanese was the forehead for both warming and cooling, while the regional thermal sensitivity of Malaysians had a smaller differential than that of Japanese: (4) The ethnic difference in the inter-threshold sensory zone was particularly noticeable on the forehead (1.9 +/- 1.2 C for Japanese, 3.2 +/- 1.6 degrees C for Malaysians, p < 0.05). In conclusion, tropical natives had a tendency to perceive warmth at a higher T(sk) and slower at an identical speed of warming, and had a wider range of the inter-threshold sensory zone than temperate natives. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• EMG activity of hip and trunk muscles during deep-water running

  Koichi Kaneda, Daisuke Sato, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Takeo Nomura

  JOURNAL OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHY AND KINESIOLOGY 19 6 1064 - 1070 2009年12月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  The present study used synchronized motion analysis to investigate the activity of hip and trunk muscles during deep-water running (DWR) relative to land walking (LW) and water walking (WW). Nine healthy men performed each exercise at self-determined slow, moderate, and fast paces, and surface electromyography was used to investigate activity of the adductor longus, gluteus maxima, gluteus medius, rectus abdominis, oblique externus abdominis, and erector spinae. The following kinematic parameters were calculated: the duration of one cycle, range of motion (ROM) of the hip joint, and absolute angles of the pelvis and trunk with respect to the vertical axis in the sagittal plane. The percentages of maximal voluntary contraction (%MVC) of each muscle were higher during DWR than during LW and WW. The %MVC of the erector spinae during WW increased concomitant with the pace increment. The hip joint ROMs were larger in DWR than in LW and WW. Forward inclinations of the trunk were apparent for DWR and fast-paced WW. The pelvis was inclined forward in DWR and WW. In conclusion, the higher-level activities during DWR are affected by greater hip joint motion and body inclinations with an unstable floating situation. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Comparison of 2-year effects of once and twice weekly water exercise on activities of daily living ability of community dwelling frail elderly

  Daisuke Sato, Koichi Kaneda, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Takeo Nomura

  ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 49 1 123 - 128 2009年07月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  Previous research suggests that water exercise improves the activities of daily living (ADL) ability of the frail elderly, but the specific frequency and intensity of such programs is unclear. This study aims at comparing the effects of once- and twice-weekly water exercise on the ADL ability of frail elderly receiving nursing care for 2 years. The design is a prospective randomized longitudinal study. Participants were assigned to two different exercise groups (Group I and Group 2). Group I participated in a 60-min exercise session once a week, for 2 years, while Group 2 attended the session twice a week. Exercise sessions were divided into a 10-min warm-Lip on land and 50 min of exercise in water. The 50-min water exercise program consisted of 20 min walking, 10 min ADL exercise, 10 min stretching and strength exercises, and 10 min relaxation in water. ADL ability and lower muscle strength were measured before the beginning of exercise and 6 months, I year, and 2 years after the program had started. Significant group differences occurred for bathing transfer and stair climbing at the 2-year measurement. These results suggested that at least twice-weekly water exercise was necessary to maintain the ADL ability and KEX of the frail elderly during the 1-year water exercise period and for one additional year afterward. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Warm or slightly hot? Differences in linguistic dimensions describing perceived thermal sensation

  Joo-Young Lee, Yutaka Tochihara, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Eric A. Stone

  Journal of Physiological Anthropology 28 1 37 - 41 2009年 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  This communication discussed the linguistic usages of terms expressing perceived thermal sensation in English, Japanese, and Korean. In particular, ttatthada (warm) in Korean and atatakai (warm) in Japanese represents a thermally positive feeling. For Koreans and Japanese, to explicitly express thermal sensation as warm is to implicitly connote a thermally comfortable or satisfied state. When 'comfortably warm' and 'uncomfortably warm' are translated into Korean or Japanese they sound like a redundant expression and possibly an oxymoron, respectively. Subjective thermal perception has been measured using particular languages and then translated into English for international communication. International Standards (ISO) in environmental physiology or ergonomics have played, an important role in setting criteria, unifying international research, and suggesting the direction of further research. However, the differences in linguistic dimensions across cultures may cause confusion when interpreting thermal perceptions measured by different languages. It is conceivable that similar difficulties exemplified in Korean and Japanese may exist in other languages. Therefore, international standards for the measurement of subjective thermal perceptions need to take into account the variations of interpretation given to these descriptors across cultures. For international standards to be internationally valid, systematic research on linguistic differences in thermal perceptive words is required.
• Comparison two-year effects of once-weekly and twice-weekly water exercise on health-related quality of life of community-dwelling frail elderly people at a day-service facility

  Daisuke Sato, Koichi Kaneda, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Takeo Nomura

  DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION 31 2 84 - 93 2009年 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare two-year effects of once-weekly and twice-weekly water exercise programmes at a day-service facility on the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of frail elderly people. Method. This single blind, prospective, longitudinal randomized pilot study separated 22 community-dwelling frail elderly people into once-weekly (once group: n=10) and twice-weekly (twice group: n=12) groups: the two-year exercise interventions were once- or twice-weekly 1-h sessions. Water exercise sessions comprised warming-up on land, activities of daily living (ADL) exercise, stretching, strength, and relaxation in water. The HRQL was evaluated using the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36 questionnaire (SF-36); ADL dependence was assessed using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Result. Both groups showed significant increases over pre-intervention (pre) scores at 6 months and 12 months on Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary. In the once group, both were lower at 24 months than at 6 months and 12 months. The FIM scores were significantly different from pre at 6 months and 12 months in both once and twice groups, and between pre and 24 month in the twice group. Conclusion. Better than once-weekly exercise, twice-weekly water exercise controlled deterioration of HRQL, ADL, and knee extensor muscle strength (KEX) with ageing.
• Lower extremity muscle activity during deep-water running on self-determined pace

  Koichi Kaneda, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Daisuke Sato, Tamotsu Uekusa, Takeo Nomura

  JOURNAL OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHY AND KINESIOLOGY 18 6 965 - 972 2008年12月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  Although deep-water running (DWR) is often used to obtain the benefits of aerobic fitness and to reduce vertical component stress, its attendant muscle stress remains unclear. The present study investigated lower extremity muscle activity and during DWR compared to that during land walking (LW) and water walking (WW). Surface electromyography was used to evaluate muscle activity in nine healthy adults during each exercise at self-determined slow, moderate, and fast paces. The duration of swing phase, ankle, knee and hip joint angle, and each joint range of motion (ROM) also investigated. Results show that the percentages of maximal voluntary contraction (%MVC) of the soleus and medial gastrocnemius were lower during DWR than during LW or WW in the backward swing phase. The %MVC of the rectus femoris was higher during WW and DWR than during LW; that of the vastus lateralis was lower during WW and DWR than during LW in the forward swing phase. In the biceps femoris, the %MVC was higher during DWR than during LW or WW in the forward and backward swing phase. Every pace showed a similar trend. These results suggest that DWR can stimulate the hip joint flexor or extensor muscles. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• A Comparison of the Effects of Different Water Exercise Programs on Balance Ability in Elderly People

  Koichi Kaneda, Daisuke Sato, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Atsuko Hanai, Takeo Nomura

  JOURNAL OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 16 4 381 - 392 2008年10月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  This study compared the effects of 2 types of water exercise programs on balance ability in the elderly. Thirty healthy elderly persons (60.7 +/- 4.1 yr) were randomly assigned to a deep-water-running exercise (DWRE, n = 15) group or a normal water exercise (NWE, n = 15) group. The participants completed a twice-weekly water exercise intervention for 12 wk. Exercise sessions comprised a 10-min warm-up on land, 20 min of water-walking exercise, 30 min of water exercise while separated into NWE and DWRE, a 10-min rest on land, and 10 min of recreation and relaxation in water. Postural-sway distance and tandem-walking time were decreased significantly in DWRE. Postural-sway area was decreased significantly in NWE. In both groups, simple reaction times were significantly decreased. The findings of this study show that a water exercise program including deep-water running is much better than normal water exercise for improving dynamic balance ability in the elderly.
• Effect of non-uniform skin temperature on thermoregulatory response during water immersion

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Koichi Kaneda, Daisuke Sato, Yutaka Tochihara, Takeo Nomura

  EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY 104 2 175 - 181 2008年09月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  The present study investigated the effect of non-uniform skin temperature distribution on thermoregulatory responses and subjective thermal sensation during water immersion. Ten healthy male subjects carried out 60 min water immersion twice, once with uniform (UST) and once with non-uniform (NUST) skin temperature. In UST condition, subjects immersed at 29 degrees C in naked condition, while in NUST condition, subjects immersed at 26 degrees C with partial coverage wetsuit (PCWS). The PCWS covers trunk region, upper arms, and thighs. The non-uniform skin temperature distribution, higher at trunk and lower at distal extremities, was observed in NUST condition. Shivering thermogenesis was not influenced by the skin temperature distribution at the experimental condition of this study. On the other hand, the tissue insulation (I (tissue)) was significantly higher in NUST condition compared to the UST condition. The increment of I (tissue) might have been caused by the peripheral vasoconstriction induced by the cold input from the distal extremities in NUST condition. The higher I (tissue) in NUST condition might lead to the significantly higher esophageal temperature compared to UST condition. No difference was observed in thermal sensation between the two conditions. Subjects felt slightly more comfortable in NUST condition than in UST condition. In conclusion, the non-uniform skin temperature distribution, higher at trunk and lower at distal extremities, might affect the peripheral vasoconstriction to increase the I (tissue). On the other hand, shivering thermogenesis and subjective thermal sensation were not affected by the non-uniform skin temperature distribution at the present experimental condition.
• 小学校水泳授業における保温水着着用の基準設定―環境条件および身体特性を考慮して―

  若林斉, 新井清司, 仙石泰雄, 金田晃一, 野村武男

  デサントスポーツ科学 29 64 - 70 2008年06月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• The water exercise improves health-related quality of life of frail elderly people at day service facility

  Daisuke Sato, Koichi Kaneda, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Takeo Nomura

  QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH 16 10 1577 - 1585 2007年12月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of water exercise at a day service facility and the effects of water exercise frequency on health-related quality of life (HRQL). Participants (n = 30) were randomly separated into three groups: two indicating exercise frequency, at once-weekly or twice-weekly, and a control group. One-hour exercise intervention sessions were carried out once or twice a week, accordingly, for 24 weeks. The water exercise session comprised a warm-up on land, activities of daily living (ADL) exercises, stretching, strength training, and relaxation in water. HRQL was evaluated using the Medical Outcomes Survey Short-Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire, and ADL disability was assessed using the Functional Independence Measure. Significant differences were found between pre- and 6 months in both the once- and twice-weekly groups in HRQL (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found among pre-, 3 months, and 6 months. The effect size between the once and twice groups was moderate in both the physical component summary (0.72) and mental component summary (0.75) at 3 months. ADL disability shows significant correlation with HRQL. Water exercise intervention at a day service facility improved participants' HRQL for 6 months by improving exercise habits and ADL disability. Furthermore, the HRQL change differed according to exercise frequency: twice-weekly exercise showed more rapid improvement than once-weekly.
• 小学校水泳授業における児童の保温水着着用の有効性：寒冷感および形成的授業評価への影響を中心に

  若林斉, 新井清司, 仙石泰雄, 金田晃一, 野村武男

  体育学研究 52 2 201-211 - 211 社団法人日本体育学会 2007年03月 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  本研究では小学校高学年児童を対象に水泳授業において保温水着着用実践を行い,児童の主観的温度感覚と形成的授業評価および環境条件,身体特性による保温水着着用の効果の違いについて検討した.その結果,寒冷日において保温水着着用により有意に寒冷感が抑えられ,意欲・関心の授業評価が有意に高い得点を示した.また,寒冷感に伴う退水者を減らすことができた結果などから,寒冷時の水泳授業実施を可能にし,児童の水泳学習に対する保温水着着用の有用性が示された.さらに,保温水着は体脂肪率の低い児童に対して身体特性の個人差を補う補助教具としての役割を果たし,児童の水泳学習支援への有効性が示唆された.本研究の結果からは泳技能に及ぼす影響は見られなかったが,授業数の確保や学習意欲の向上から長期的には泳技能の向上にもつながる可能性が示唆された.
• 小学校児童における水中運動時保温水着着用の効果と水泳授業における着用の有用性

  椿本昇三, 若林斉, 仙石泰雄, 野村武男

  筑波大学体育科学系紀要 30 157 - 160 筑波大学体育科学系 2007年03月 [査読無し][通常論文]
  
• 異なる頻度の水中運動が要介護認定者の起居・移乗移動動作に及ぼす影響

  佐藤大輔, 金田晃一, 若林斉, 野村武男

  体力科学 56 1 141-148  2007年02月 [査読有り][通常論文]
  
• Lower extremity muscle activity during different types and speeds of underwater movement

  Koichi Kaneda, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Daisuke Sato, Takeo Nomura

  Journal of Physiological Anthropology 26 2 197 - 200 2007年 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  To compare the activity of lower extremity muscles during land walking (LW), water walking (WW), and deep-water running (DWR), 9 healthy young subjects were tested at self-selected low, moderate, and high intensities for 8 sec with two repetitions. Surface EMG electrodes were placed on the tibialis anterior (TA), soleus (SOL), medial gastrocnemius (GAS), rectus femoris (RF), and biceps femoris (BF). During DWR, the SOL and GAS activities were lower than LW and WW. The BF activities were higher during DWR than LW and WW. It was considered that the lower activity of SOL and GAS depended on water depth, and higher activity of BF occurred by greater flexion of the knee joint or extension of the hip joint during exercise.
• Insulation and body temperature of prepubescent children wearing a thermal swimsuit during moderate-intensity water exercise

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Koichi Kaneda, Masashi Okura, Takeo Nomura

  Journal of Physiological Anthropology 26 2 179 - 183 2007年 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  This study investigated thermal swimsuits (TSS) effects on body temperature and thermal insulation of prepubescent children during moderate-intensity water exercise. Nine prepubescent children (11.0±0.7yrs) were immersed in water (23°C) and pedalled on an underwater cycle-ergometer for 30min with TSS or normal swimsuits (NSS). The rectal temperature (Tre) was maintained slightly higher with TSS than with NSS. The total insulation (I total) was significantly higher with TSS. The ΔTre, δmean body temperature (T̄b), and tissue insulation (Itissue) in the NSS condition were correlated with % body fat, which indicated that the insulation layer of subjects with low body fat was thinner than that of obese subjects, and tended to decrease body temperature. Wearing TSS increased Itotal, thereby reducing heat loss from subjects' skin to the water. Consequently, subjects with TSS were able to maintain higher body temperatures. In addition, TSS is especially advantageous for subjects with low body fat to compensate for the smaller Itissue.
• Thermal insulation and body temperature wearing a thermal swimsuit during water immersion

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Atsuko Hanai, Shintaro Yokoyama, Takeo Nomura

  Journal of Physiological Anthropology 25 5 331 - 338 2006年 [査読有り][通常論文]
   

  This study evaluated the effects of a thermal swimsuit on body temperatures, thermoregulatory responses and thermal insulation during 60 min water immersion at rest. Ten healthy male subjects wearing either thermal swimsuits or normal swimsuits were immersed in water (26°C or 29°C). Esophageal temperature, skin temperatures and oxygen consumption were measured during the experiments. Metabolic heat production was calculated from oxygen consumption. Heat loss from skin to the water was calculated from the metabolic heat production and the change in mean body temperature during water immersion. Total insulation and tissue insulation were estimated by dividing the temperature difference between the esophagus and the water or the esophagus and the skin with heat loss from the skin. Esophageal temperature with a thermal swimsuit was higher than that with a normal swimsuit at the end of immersion in both water temperature conditions (p< 0.05). Oxygen consumption, metabolic heat production and heat loss from the skin were less with the thermal swimsuit than with a normal swimsuit in both water temperatures (p< 0.05). Total insulation with the thermal swimsuit was higher than that with a normal swimsuit due to insulation of the suit at both water temperatures (p< 0.05). Tissue insulation was similar in all four conditions, but significantly higher with the thermal swimsuit in both water temperature conditions (p< 0.05), perhaps due to of the attenuation of shivering during immersion with a thermal swimsuit. A thermal swimsuit can increase total insulation and reduce heat loss from the skin. Therefore, subjects with thermal swimsuits can maintain higher body temperatures than with a normal swimsuit and reduce shivering thermo-genesis.

MISC

• 体温調節機能や温熱的快適性の個人差を考慮した環境制御 ―パーソナル空調から非温熱刺激の活用まで―

  若林斉, 北樹乃, 志村虎太郎, 永坂茂之, 張江, 梅原啓輔 新日本空調技術開発研究所技報 28 (2022) 83 -88 2023年03月 [査読無し][招待有り]
  
• 床吹出システムを用いたタスク＆アンビエント空調に関する研究（その２）覚醒度維持と作業効率向上の効果検証および暖房実験

  張江, 梅原啓輔, 永坂茂之, 北樹乃, 若林斉, 山田哲靖 技術開発研究所 技報No.27 2021 5 -10 2022年03月
• 床吹出システムを用いたタスク＆アンビエント空調に関する研究（その１）自立型パーソナル吹出口の開発

  帳江, 梅原啓輔, 永坂茂之, 北樹乃, 若林斉 技術開発研究所 技報No.26 2020 4 -8 2021年03月
• ペパーミント芳香浴およびメンソール塗布による清涼感と体温調節応答への影響

  若林 斉 MEDICAL HERB 52 42 -44 2020年06月 [査読無し][招待有り]
  
• ペパーミント芳香浴による記憶課題パフォーマンスへの影響と生体負担軽減．

  若林斉, 小峯裕己 アロマトピア154 28 (3) 26 -29 2019年06月 [査読無し][招待有り]
  
• ペパーミント芳香浴およびメントール塗布が暑熱環境での体温調節応答に及ぼす影響

  若林斉, 小峯裕己 アロマトピア154 28 (3) 30 -33 2019年06月 [査読無し][招待有り]
  

書籍等出版物

• 人間の許容・適応限界事典

  (担当:分担執筆範囲:Ⅶ-23「雪」p.515-518、Ⅶ-24「低温」p.519-522)
  朝倉書店 2022年11月 (ISBN: 9784254102963)
• 新編生理人類士入門

  若林斉, 西村貴孝 (担当:分担執筆範囲:低圧環境, p171-174)
  国際文献社 2022年02月
• 生理人類学ー人の理解と日常の課題発見のためにー

  (担当:分担執筆範囲:第3章：人の日常行動と課題、第6節：運動 p.159-171)
  理工図書 2020年11月
• 人間科学の百科事典，日本生理人類学会編

  (担当:分担執筆範囲:筋p.65-66，温度p.282-284，体温p.536-537，皮膚温p.538-540)
  丸善出版 2015年01月

講演・口頭発表等

• Physiological adaptation to the cold environment  [招待講演]

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi

  The 2nd International Mini-Symposium on Environmental Ergonomics and Physiological Anthropology in the Thermal Environment 2022年10月 口頭発表（招待・特別）
• 寒冷環境における身体作業能力低下への適応戦略～非温熱性刺激による体温調節機能の活性化～  [招待講演]

  若林斉

  第36回運動と体温の研究会 2022年09月
• 寒冷環境におけるコンディショニング～食による生理機能の活性化～  [招待講演]

  若林斉

  日本スポーツ栄養学会第8回大会 2022年08月
• 寒冷環境における生理応答と運動パフォーマンス  [招待講演]

  若林 斉

  新潟医療福祉大学 Sports Physiology Labセミナー 2021年05月
• Variation in human brown adipose tissue activity and cold-induced thermogenesis  [招待講演]

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi

  Virtual Environmental Ergonomics 2021年04月 シンポジウム・ワークショップパネル（指名）
• Environmental Ergonomics  [招待講演]

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi

  General Lecture for Occupational Health and Safety Program Universitas Indonesia 2020年11月 公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等
• 水害時の身体パフォーマンス低下に対する生理的適応戦略  [招待講演]

  若林 斉, 鈴木新一, 坂上輝将

  日本生理人類学会第81回大会 シンポジウム「気候変動と生理人類学」 2020年10月 シンポジウム・ワークショップパネル（指名）
• Innovation of healthy mild cold environment for sedentary workers  [招待講演]

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi

  14th International Congress of Physiological Anthropology 2019 2019年09月 口頭発表（一般）
• 低温環境での体温調節と作業能力  [招待講演]

  若林 斉

  第38回被服衛生学セミナー，一般社団法人日本家政学会被服衛生学部会 2019年08月 口頭発表（招待・特別）
• 学位取得と就職の道のりについて－体育系から工学系に就職したケース－  [招待講演]

  若林 斉

  体育科学専攻キャリア支援フォーラム，筑波大学人間総合科学研究科 2019年07月 口頭発表（招待・特別）
• 様々な温度環境に対する人体の生理応答  [招待講演]

  若林 斉

  2019年度北海道大学公開講座－いま感じる、生かす、見つめなおす スポーツの力，北海道大学 2019年07月 公開講演，セミナー，チュートリアル，講習，講義等
• Two-minute hand immersion test for estimating finger skin temperature and manual dexterity during and after whole-body sub-zero cold air exposure  [通常講演]

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Hiroki Watashima, Shinichi Suzuki, Shigeyuki Nagasaka

  International Conference on Environmental Ergonomic 2019 2019年07月 ポスター発表
• Human brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle contribution for resting, non－shivering and shivering thermogenesis during gradual cold exposure  [通常講演]

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Kentaro Matsumoto, Yusuke Kobori, Mami Matsushita, Toshimitsu Kameya, Takafumi Maeda, Masayuki Saito

  International Conference on Environmental Ergonomic 2019 2019年07月 口頭発表（一般）
• 寒冷水中環境における骨格筋冷却下での運動トレーニング手法の開発  [招待講演]

  若林 斉

  ヒューマン・ハイ・パフォーマンスCollaborative Researchシンポジウム 2019年03月
• Methodological issues in evaluating brown adipose tissue activity  [招待講演]

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi

  Seminar on Physiological Measurements & Temperature Regulation, Seoul National University 2019年02月 口頭発表（招待・特別）
• The effect of cold induced vasodilation on skin temperature rewarming, manual dexterity and neuromuscular function  [通常講演]

  Shinichi Suzuki, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Daisuke Sato, Koichi Kaneda, Martin Barwood

  7th International Conference on the Physiology and Pharmacology of Temperature Regulation(PPTR) 2018年10月 ポスター発表
• Study on multiple organs coordination for non-shivering thermogenesis and vasomotor control in mild cold environment in human  [通常講演]

  Kentaro Matsumoto, Yusuke Kobori, Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Mami Matsushita, Toshimitsu Kameya, Takafumi Maeda, Masayuki Saito

  7th International Conference on the Physiology and Pharmacology of Temperature Regulation(PPTR) 2018年10月 口頭発表（一般）
• 寒冷環境が身体パフォーマンスに及ぼす影響とそのメカニズム  [招待講演]

  若林 斉

  日本繊維製品消費科学会 第56回快適性・健康を考えるシンポジウム 2018年09月
• Training in Cold 骨格筋冷却状態で行う運動トレーニング  [招待講演]

  若林 斉

  日本体育学会第69回大会 シンポジウム「異分野の掛け合わせで運動生理学研究の未来を拓く‐低酸素×寒冷×水中＝トレーニング効果増進？‐」 2018年08月
• 温熱と適応‐生活習慣の変容による人類の温熱環境適応能の潜在化と顕在化‐  [招待講演]

  若林 斉, 前田 享史, 西村 貴孝

  日本生理人類学会第77回大会 2018年06月 口頭発表（招待・特別）
• Exercise in Cold, Live in Mild Cold  [招待講演]

  若林 斉

  第20回日本体力医学会北海道地方会 2018年04月 口頭発表（招待・特別）
• Multiple organs coordination for cold induced thermogenesis in Japanese males.  [招待講演]

  Wakabayashi H, Matsumoto K, Kobori Y, Saito M, Matsushita M, Kameya T

  The 17th International Conference on Environmental Ergonomics 2017年11月 口頭発表（招待・特別）
• Thermal environment for good workplace  [招待講演]

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi, Sajal Chowdhury, Yasuhiro Hamada

  International Conference on Occupational Health and Safety 2017 2017年11月 シンポジウム・ワークショップパネル（指名）
• 寒冷環境における運動パフォーマンス低下とその要因  [招待講演]

  若林 斉

  ARIHHP ヒューマン・ハイ・パフォーマンスフォーラム2017 2017年03月 シンポジウム・ワークショップパネル（指名）
• Physical performance and metabolic response in hypothermic skeletal muscle  [招待講演]

  Hitoshi WAKABAYASHI, Mizuki OHSAWA, Yasuo SENGOKU

  JPA/JSPA/UTAR Seminar on Physiological Anthropology 2016年03月 口頭発表（招待・特別）
• ヒト骨格筋代謝機能に見られる寒冷適応  [招待講演]

  若林 斉

  日本生理人類学会第72回大会 シンポジウム「代謝機能からみた全身的協関と適応能」 2015年05月 札幌 日本生理人類学会
  
• Cold water immersion and adaptation  [招待講演]

  Hitoshi Wakabayashi

  Symposium on Human Thermal Environments 2013年10月 Seoul, Korea Joo-Young Lee, Assistant Professor, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University
  
• 暑熱環境下運動時における熱帯地住人の熱放散反応と体液量変化  [招待講演]

  若林斉, Joo-Young Lee, Titis Wijayanto, 橋口暢子, Mohamed Saat, 栃原裕

  日本生理人類学会第64回大会 シンポジウム「暑熱環境への適応」 2011年06月 福岡

担当経験のある科目（授業）

Advanced Indoor Environment北海道大学
Advanced Environmental Ergonomics北海道大学
人間環境計画学北海道大学
設計製図北海道大学
環境工学序論北海道大学
熱工学演習北海道大学
熱工学Ⅱ北海道大学
健康スポーツ科学特論北海道大学
環境工学概論北海道大学
環境工学実験Ⅲ北海道大学
環境人間工学特論北海道大学
環境生理学北海道大学
Evaluation of Indoor Environment北海道大学
人間工学北海道医療センター付属札幌看護学校
身体発育・発達論北翔大学
集中スポーツ科学（スノースポーツ，ゴルフ，ビーチバレー）千葉工業大学
スポーツ実技千葉工業大学
教養発展セミナー（環境人間工学）千葉工業大学
スポーツ科学（卓球，テニス，トレーニング，バスケットボール）千葉工業大学
健康の科学／スポーツ特論（環境人間工学）千葉工業大学

所属学協会

• 日本水泳・水中運動学会   空気調和・衛生工学会   Extreme Physiology & Medicine   American College of Sports Medicine   人間－生活環境系学会   日本生理人類学会   日本体力医学会   日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会   

共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題

• ４万年のアジア人類史から読み解く「ヒト多様性のパラドックス」

  日本学術振興会：科研費 基盤研究（A）

  研究期間 : 2022年04月 -2027年03月 

  代表者 : 海部陽介, 松村博文, 坂上和弘, 大橋順, 木村亮介, 神澤秀明, 山内太郎, 西村貴孝, 若林 斉
• 有色ビーツ含有成分の抽出加工法の開発とヒト介入試験による食品機能性の解明

  北海道大学ロバスト農林水産工学国際連携研究教育拠点：コンソーシアム形成型ロバスト農林水産工学研究プログラム

  研究期間 : 2022年04月 -2023年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉, 崎浜 靖子, 橋本 誠, 木下 幹朗, 山下 慎司
• ヒトの寒冷適応能の全身的協関に見られる多様性と運動習慣による相乗効果

  日本学術振興会：科研費 基盤研究（B）

  研究期間 : 2019年04月 -2023年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉, 斉藤 昌之, 後藤 一成, 二連木 晋輔
• 環境生理学に基づく空調方式に関する研究

  新日本空調株式会社：産学連携

  研究期間 : 2017年10月 -2023年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 有色ビーツおよび有色ビーツ由来ベタレイン色素のヒトに対する生理機能評価

  北海道大学ロバスト農林水産工学国際連携研究教育拠点構想：コンソーシアム形成型ロバスト農林水産工学研究プログラム

  研究期間 : 2021年04月 -2022年03月 

  代表者 : 崎浜 靖子,若林 斉,橋本 誠
• 空気質による快適性・生産性の影響に関する研究

  株式会社日立製作所：共同研究

  研究期間 : 2019年07月 -2022年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 骨格筋冷却下および低酸素環境下での運動の比較と相乗効果検証

  国立大学法人筑波大学体育系ヒューマン・ハイ・パフォーマンス先端研究センター：ARIHHP公募型共同利用・共同研究

  研究期間 : 2020年07月 -2021年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 電気暖炉の生理・心理的効果に関する調査

  株式会社バーグマン：

  研究期間 : 2020年05月 -2021年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• レッドビートドリンク摂取により寒冷地作業者の末梢部血流は促進されるか？

  北海道大学ロバスト農林水産工学国際連携研究教育拠点構想：萌芽研究型ロバスト農林水産工学研究プログラム

  研究期間 : 2020年04月 -2021年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 低圧低酸素および寒冷環境に対する循環調節系の適応反応とその多型性

  日本学術振興会：基盤研究B 研究分担者

  研究期間 : 2018年04月 -2021年03月 

  代表者 : 前田 享史, 研究分担者, 若林 斉, 安河内 彦輝
• 骨格筋冷却下および低酸素環境下での運動の類似性と特異性の検証

  国立大学法人筑波大学体育系ヒューマン・ハイ・パフォーマンス先端研究センター：ARIHHP公募型共同利用・共同研究

  研究期間 : 2019年06月 -2020年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 暑熱環境下における体感温度に影響を与える精油の探索

  公益社団法人 日本アロマ環境協会：共同研究

  研究期間 : 2019年03月 -2019年12月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 寒冷環境下における体感温度に影響を与える精油の探索

  公益社団法人 日本アロマ環境協会：共同研究

  研究期間 : 2019年02月 -2019年09月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 寒冷水中環境における骨格筋冷却トレーニング手法の開発と検証

  国立大学法人筑波大学体育系ヒューマン・ハイ・パフォーマンス先端研究センター：ARIHHP公募型共同利用・共同研究

  研究期間 : 2018年06月 -2019年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 住環境温度設定における温熱的嗜好性を左右する人体側特性の検証

  北海道ガス株式会社：北海道ガス大学研究支援制度

  研究期間 : 2018年06月 -2019年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• ヒト褐色脂肪組織の新規評価法の開発と小児への戸外運動の効果

  花王健康科学研究会：2018年度第16回花王健康科学研究助成金 共同研究者

  研究期間 : 2018年09月 -2019年 

  代表者 : 二連木, 晋輔, 共同研究者, 若林 斉, 斉藤 昌之, 坂根 直樹
• Adaptation in manual dexterity and muscle performance to cold conditions

  The Great Britain Sasakawa Foundation：The Great Britain Sasakawa Foundation

  研究期間 : 2017年11月 -2018年12月 

  代表者 : Martin J Barwood, 共同研究者, Hitoshi Wakabayashi
• 寒冷水中環境における骨格筋冷却下で行う運動トレーニング手法の開発

  国立大学法人筑波大学体育系ヒューマン・ハイ・パフォーマンス先端研究センター：ARIHHP公募型共同利用・共同研究

  研究期間 : 2017年06月 -2018年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 現代の子どもの生活運動習慣が体温概日リズムおよび体力・体格に及ぼす影響の縦断的調査

  ヤマハ発動機スポーツ振興財団：第11期スポーツチャレンジ研究助成

  研究期間 : 2017年04月 -2018年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 骨格筋冷却による筋代謝制限下で行う運動トレーニング手法の開発

  日本学術振興会：挑戦的萌芽研究

  研究期間 : 2015年04月 -2018年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 寒冷環境に対するヒトの体温調節応答の適応順序性および組織代謝との協関

  日本学術振興会：基盤研究(B)

  研究期間 : 2014年04月 -2018年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 寒冷水中環境における運動時代謝応答とトレーニング効果に関する研究

  国立大学法人筑波大学体育系ヒューマン・ハイ・パフォーマンス先端研究センター：ARIHHP公募型共同利用・共同研究

  研究期間 : 2016年09月 -2017年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 現代の子どもの生活運動習慣が体温概日リズムおよび発育・発達に及ぼす影響の検討

  公益財団法人ヤマハ発動機スポーツ振興財団：奨学寄附

  研究期間 : 2013年04月 -2014年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 前腕部の繰り返し冷却に伴うハンドグリップ運動時骨格筋酸素動態の適応

  公益財団法人石本記念デサントスポーツ科学振興財団：奨学寄附

  研究期間 : 2012年04月 -2013年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 水中運動時における総合的温熱快適性評価手法の開発

  日本学術振興会：特別研究員奨励費

  研究期間 : 2009年04月 -2012年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 水中運動時における総合的温熱快適性評価手法の開発（海外派遣）

  日本学術振興会：優秀若手研究者海外派遣事業（特別研究員）

  研究期間 : 2009年12月 -2010年11月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 身体特性および運動強度を考慮した水中運動時における温熱的快適性の推定手法の開発

  日本学術振興会：若手研究（スタートアップ）

  研究期間 : 2007年 -2009年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉
• 小学校水泳授業における保温水着着用の基準設定－環境条件および身体特性を考慮して－

  財団法人石本記念デサントスポーツ科学振興財団：奨学寄附

  研究期間 : 2007年06月 -2008年03月 

  代表者 : 若林 斉