博士, 米国ミシガン州立大学, 1995年05月

獣医学修士, 北海道大学

疫学

臨床寄生虫病学

寄生虫学

Epidemiology

Clinical Parasitology

Parasitology

ライフサイエンス, 獣医学

ライフサイエンス, 動物生産科学

学士課程, 獣医学部

博士課程, 国際感染症学院

Protoscolex Maturation in Echinococcus multilocularis Is Controlled by Host Genetic Factors Independent of Initial Development
Moe Kogawa; Keisuke Sato; Teppei Nakamura; Naoki Hayashi; Hirokazu Kouguchi; Ryo Nakao; Masahito Hidaka; Hiroyuki Matsuyama; Nariaki Nonaka; Osamu Ichii; Takashi Agui; Masami Morimatsu
Parasite Immunology, 48, 2, Wiley, 2026年02月16日
研究論文（学術雑誌）, ABSTRACT

Alveolar echinococcosis, caused by Echinococcus multilocularis , poses a serious public health concern. This parasite requires rodents as intermediate hosts for protoscolex maturation in the liver and subsequent transmission to definitive hosts. We aimed to identify the host genetic factors controlling protoscolex development and maturation in congenic mice carrying susceptible DBA/2 genomic segments on a resistant C57BL/6N background. We assessed the hepatic protoscoleces and immune‐related gene expression levels 16 weeks post‐oral infection. All congenic strains developed protoscoleces; however, the number and proportion of mature forms decreased as C57BL/6N‐derived genomic contribution on chromosome 1 increased. Differences in DBA/2‐derived segments revealed two loci, E. multilocularis protoscolex maturation 1 ( Empmat1 ) and 2 ( Empmat2 ), as regulators of protoscolex maturation, but not early development, where immune involvement was limited. T‐box transcription factor 21 expression was correlated with protoscolex maturation; however, it lay outside Empmat1 and Empmat2 and was unlikely to be the responsible gene. Therefore, protoscolex maturation is potentially regulated by multiple host genetic factors distinct from those involved in early development, with B6‐derived alleles exerting inhibitory effects, possibly via non‐immune host mechanisms. Elucidation of these genetic pathways can reveal novel targets to disrupt the life cycle and reduce the zoonotic transmission of E. multilocularis .

Transcriptome of <i>Coxiella</i>-like endosymbionts in <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> during blood feeding
Kodai KUSAKISAKO; Abdelbaset E ABDELBASET; Rika UMEMIYA-SHIRAFUJI; Junya YAMAGISHI; Nariaki NONAKA; Hiromi IKADAI; Ryo NAKAO
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 88, 3, 449, 457, Japanese Society of Veterinary Science, 2026年
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Effectiveness of eprinomectin, albendazole and their combination therapy against strongyle nematode in dairy goats: A clinical field study using nemabiome-integrated approach in Thailand
Thanakorn Rompo; Naoki Hayashi; Takaya Hoketsu; Ernest Teo; Nariaki Nonaka; Boondarika Namboopha; Tawatchai Singhla; Songphon Buddhasiri; Naoaki Misawa; Ryo Nakao; Saruda Tiwananthagorn
Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases, 100345, 100345, Elsevier BV, 2026年01月
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Rewilded horses as a nature-based solution for wintertime tick control in Japan: help or hindrance?
Mackenzie L. Kwak; Hazuki Echigo; Takaya Hoketsu; Yurie Taya; Hideka Numata; Yuto Shiraki; Samuel Kelava; Greg Markowsky; Daniel McInnes; Naoki Hayashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Masahito Kawai; Ryo Nakao
Experimental and Applied Acarology, 95, 4, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025年12月02日
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among western and Asian honey bees, and Eristalis tenax collected in Myanmar
Saw Bawm; Aye Pyae Pyae Khaing; Hlaing Min Oo; Myint Myint Mu; Ngwe Chi Hmuu; Aye Nyein Sandi Zaw; Nyunt Lwin; Hla Myet Chel; Yadanar Khaing; Shwe Yee Win; Lat Lat Htun; Shiro Murata; Satoru Konnai; Kazuhiko Ohashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Than Naing Tun
JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGY, 28, 4, 2025年12月
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Mitogenomics of the tropical bont tick Amblyomma variegatum reveals vertical and horizontal transmission of Rickettsia africae
Elisha Chatanga; Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Samuel Kelava; Naoki Hayashi; Yuma Ohari; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Joseph W. Magona; Kyoko Hayashida; Yongjin Qiu; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 19, 10, e0013610, e0013610, Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2025年10月21日
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background

The tropical bont tick Amblyomma variegatum, which is widespread in Africa and the Caribbean islands, is of both medical and veterinary importance as the principal vector of intracellular bacterial pathogens Ehrlichia ruminantium , causing heartwater in animals, and Rickettsia africae , causing African tick bite fever (ATBF) in humans. This tick species is highly invasive and has been reported to expand its geographical distribution as well as host range. Rickettsia africae is also recognized as a common endosymbiont in A. variegatum , but its transmission dynamics within this tick population remain poorly understood.

Methodology

To investigate the co-phylogenetic patterns between A. variegatum and R. africae , we sequenced the complete mitogenomes of A. variegatum and performed multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) of six housekeeping genes of R. africae . The resulting sequence data were used to examine the hypothesis that R. africae is predominantly transmitted vertically within A. variegatum populations, which would lead to congruent phylogenies between vector and pathogen.

Results

There was geographical population sub-structing in the mitogenomes of A. variegatum . The prevalence of R. africae in the examined ticks was 100%. The tanglegram showed non-strict co-cladogenesis between A. variegatum and R. africae . Furthermore, the Procrustes Application to Cophylogenetic (PACo) analysis and residuals of vector-pathogen associations showed no statistically significant association between A. variegatum and R. africae genotypes.

Conclusions

This study was the first to examine the spread of pathogenic/endosymbiotic bacterium R. africae in the A. variegatum populations using a mitogenomic approach. The results support both vertical and horizontal transmission of R. africae within A. variegatum . These findings also highlight the potential of R. africae to adapt to multiple animal species, which may complicate efforts to control it as a human pathogen.

Molecular characterization of Rhipicephalus microplus and tick-borne pathogens in cattle in Nepal.
Gita Sadaula Pandey; Chet Raj Pathak; Amir Sadaula; Prajwol Manandhar; Rabin Bastakoti; Mackenzie L Kwak; Naoki Hayashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Veterinary research communications, 49, 6, 346, 346, 2025年10月04日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) have a significant economic impact on livestock. In Nepal, only limited information is available for the molecular identification of ticks and TBPs. This study aims to address this major challenge by providing data on the diversity of TBPs in Nepalese cattle, along with molecular sequences to facilitate accurate identification. A total of 145 cattle blood samples were collected from Pokhara (n = 70) and Madi (n = 75). The cattle were also examined for tick infestations, and the detected ticks were subjected to morphological identification, followed by molecular characterization using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The heat shock protein (groEL) and citrate synthase (gltA) genes were targeted for screening Anaplasmataceae. Piroplasmida infections were initially screened using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 18S ribosomal RNA gene. Theileria orientalis and Anaplasma marginale were further characterized by the major surface protein 4 (MSP4) gene. Rhipicephalus microplus was the only tick species detected in the examined cattle. Overall, 29.7% (43/145) of the cattle examined were infected with at least one TBP, with 3.4% (5/145) being co-infected with more than one TBP. The detection rate of TBPs was 20% (n = 29) for A. marginale, 3.4% (n = 5) for Anaplasma bovis, 6.2% (n = 9) for T. orientalis, and 4.1% (n = 6) for Theileria annulata. The phylogenetic analysis showed that two genotypes of A. marginale and T. orientalis (types 5 and 7) were present in cattle. This study provides preliminary baseline data on the prevalence and genetic diversity of ticks and TBPs in cattle in Nepal.

Strongyle nematode fauna in three ruminants in upper northern Thailand.
Thanakorn Rompo; Naoki Hayashi; Ernest Teo; Tawatchai Singhla; Chakorn Kunkaew; Duanghatai Sripakdee; Boondarika Nambooppha; Saruda Wanganurakkul; Kanthanis Limwibulpong; Kanyatip Sangarun; Napatsorn Suwongsaksri; Saravalee Suphakarn; Chanakan Chotiphutthikul; Yuto Matsui; Takao Irie; Ayako Yoshida; Lerdchai Chintapitaksakul; Naoaki Misawa; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Saruda Tiwananthagorn
Parasitology International, 108, 103057, 103057, 2025年10月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Gastrointestinal parasites, particularly strongyle nematodes, pose a significant threat to the health of ruminants. Due to the technical limitations of microscopic and conventional PCR-based methods, the strongyle parasite fauna has not been well studied even in common livestock animals. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and diversity of strongyle nematodes in three ruminant species in northern Thailand using a nemabiome approach. Fecal samples were collected from buffaloes, cattle, and goats that were raised for meat and for dairy in four provinces in northern Thailand. Strongyle infections were determined using egg flotation and McMaster techniques followed by DNA metabarcoding for species identification. The results showed high prevalence of strongyles especially in goats raised for meat (88 %), and in goats raised for dairy (72 %). Significantly more goats and cattle raised for meat were strongyle egg-positive compared to their dairy counterparts. Notably, deworming frequency was not significantly associated with strongyle egg-positivity in all ruminant groups apart from dairy goats. Nemabiome analysis identified 11 strongyle species across seven genera. Among the ruminant hosts, beef cattle exhibited the highest strongyle richness. Additionally, the dominance of specific strongyle species influenced the differences observed in diversity indices. This research is the first to apply the nemabiome approach to assess strongyle nematode diversity in northern Thailand, providing valuable insights into nematode community compositions. These findings emphasize the importance of molecular techniques for parasite monitoring and the development of targeted control strategies.

Efferocytosis-Driven M2 Macrophage Impairs Fibrotic Encapsulation and Promotes Echinococcus multilocularis Growth in Cotton Rats (Sigmodon hispidus).
Maru Manabe; Teppei Nakamura; Keisuke Sato; Naoki Hayashi; Hirokazu Kouguchi; Ryo Nakao; Masahito Hidaka; Hiroyuki Matsuyama; Nariaki Nonaka; Masami Morimatsu
Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada, 31, 5, 2025年09月03日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Alveolar echinococcosis, caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, exhibits significant species-dependent susceptibility. This study compared the early hepatic tissue responses to E. multilocularis in highly susceptible cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) and laboratory mice (DBA/2 and AKR/N). Following oral administration of E. multilocularis eggs, cotton rats developed a greater number of hepatic lesions within 2 weeks, whereas mice required 4 weeks to develop smaller lesions. Histopathology revealed accelerated multilocular cyst formation in cotton rats. Unlike mice, which formed dense collagenous layers isolating cysts, cotton rats lacked adventitial layers despite similar fibrotic thickness. Immunohistochemistry revealed abundant CD206+ macrophages at cyst peripheries in cotton rats, engaging in efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils with expression of TGF-β, galectin-3, and VEGF. Efferocytic macrophages expressed collagen-degrading enzymes (cathepsin K and MMP9) and the growth factor FGF2. These findings suggest that efferocytosis by neutrophils drives macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, leading to immune evasion, ineffective fibrotic encapsulation, and parasitic growth. Given the wide distribution of cotton rats in the Americas and the expanding range of E. multilocularis, their hypersusceptibility raises significant public health concerns as rodents could serve as an intermediate host. These insights may inform new strategies for host-parasite interactions and the control of alveolar echinococcosis.

Investigation of potentially zoonotic Rickettsia species in dogs and their attached ticks in the lens of One Health
Elisha Chatanga; Henson Kainga; John Kothowa; Michael Luwe; Richard Ssuna; Tinotenda Razemba; Laston Chimaliro; Naoki Hayashi; Yuki Ohsugi; Yongjin Qiu; Kyoko Hayashida; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Science in One Health, 100122, 100122, Elsevier BV, 2025年09月
研究論文（学術雑誌）

What’s bugging Himalayan big cats: vector-borne pathogens of wild tigers and leopards in Nepal
Gita Sadaula Pandey; Amir Sadaula; Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset; Prajwol Manandhar; Pradeepa Silwal; Bijaya Kumar Shrestha; Yuki Ohsugi; Yongjin Qiu; Mackenzie L. Kwak; Naoki Hayashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
European Journal of Wildlife Research, 71, 5, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025年08月07日
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Identification of mammal species preyed upon by urban foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Sapporo, Japan, determined by fecal DNA analysis.
Daiki Waga; Yosuke Amaike; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryuichi Masuda
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 87, 8, 960, 965, 2025年08月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Red foxes living in urban areas are called "urban foxes," and their numbers are increasing in Sapporo, northern Japan. Ecological features such as their food habits could have changed compared with foxes in rural areas. To investigate the diet of urban foxes, we developed a method for detecting mammalian prey species by non-invasive fecal DNA analysis. Target-specific PCR primers were designed for possible prey species, including eleven wild mammals and three livestock animals. Fox fecal samples (N=78) collected in Sapporo were surveyed for prey species. We detected the gray red-backed vole (which had been considered the principal prey species), chicken, and pig at high frequencies. The brown rat, a typical urban rodent, was also detected in some fecal samples from central Sapporo. The foxes in Sapporo frequently used foods characteristic of urban areas, including anthropogenic sources such as garbage.

An epidemiological survey of equine piroplasmosis in donkeys and horses in Malawi.
Elisha Chatanga; Believe Ahedor; Berdikulov Atabek; Henson Kainga; Thoko Kapalamula; Tinotenda Razemba; Ryo Nakao; Nariaki Nonaka; Thillaiampalam Sivakumar; Naoaki Yokoyama
Veterinary Parasitology, Regional Studies and Reports, 63, 101315, 101315, 2025年08月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease caused by Theileria equi, Theileria haneyi, and Babesia caballi in equids, such as horses, donkeys, mules, and zebras. A comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology of T. equi and B. caballi is vital for EP management. The present study surveyed T. equi and B. caballi infections in donkeys and horses in Malawi. Blood samples were collected from 185 equines, including 178 donkeys in Lilongwe (n = 136) and Dedza (n = 42) districts, and seven horses in Lilongwe district. The blood samples were used to measure hematocrit values and prepare thin smears and blood spots on FTA cards. Microscopic examination of the blood smears detected T. equi in 91 equines (49.2 %), including 88 donkeys (49.4 %) and three horses (42.9 %), while B. caballi was not detected. Screening of DNA samples extracted from FTA cards with species-specific PCR assays detected T. equi in 156 (84.3 %) equines, including 152 (85.4 %) donkeys and four (57.1 %) horses, whereas all animals were negative for B. caballi. We found that the mean hematocrit value of infected donkeys (28.1 %) was significantly lower (P value = 0.0004) than that of uninfected donkeys (31.9 %). Additional analysis of T. equi-positive DNAs with the genotype-specific PCR assays detected all five genotypes (A, B, C, D, and E) in donkeys and four genotypes (A, B, C, and D) in horses. In summary, the present study, the first to report the T. equi infection in Malawi, suggests the need for EP control due to its potential clinical significance.

Exploring tick-borne pathogens in community dogs in Nepal.
Gita Sadaula Pandey; Chet Raj Pathak; Sunil Thapa; Amir Sadaula; Prajwol Manandhar; Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset; Yongjin Qiu; Mackenzie L Kwak; Naoki Hayashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Parasitology International, 106, 103003, 103003, 2025年06月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in dogs are a major global health concern, with their zoonotic importance often being neglected in developing countries due to a lack of surveillance. This study aimed to highlight the incidence of six important TBPs belonging to the genera Babesia, Theileria, Hepatozoon, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Rickettsia in a total of 230 community dogs from two sites: Lumbini and the Kathmandu Valley, of Nepal. A total of 75 (32.6 %) dogs were found to be infected with at least one TBP, with 11 (4.7 %) being co-infected with more than one TBP. The detection rates of TBPs were 13.9 % (n = 32) for Ehrlichia canis, 9.1 % (n = 21) for Anaplasma platys, 8.6 % (n = 20) for Babesia vogeli, and 6.5 % (n = 15) for Babesia gibsoni. None of the samples were positive for Theileria, Hepatozoon, or Rickettsia. There was a significant association between A. platys and E. canis infections, respectively, with the locations from which the samples were collected. Infections of TBPs in community dogs might be the source of infection for pet dogs or even humans in shared habitats. Further studies are needed to determine the prevalence and diversity of TBPs in dogs in other regions of Nepal. As some of these parasites are zoonotic, concerted efforts are required to raise awareness of, and control efforts for, these tick-borne pathogens.

Microscopic examination of haemoparasites and the first molecular detection of Theileria equi in horses in Myanmar.
Yadanar Khaing; Lat Lat Htun; Kyaw San Linn; Win Ohnmar Kyaw; Theint Theint Nwae; Hla Myet Chel; Shwe Yee Win; Shiro Murata; Ryo Nakao; Nariaki Nonaka; Saw Bawm
Parasitology Research, 124, 4, 42, 42, 2025年04月21日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The study aimed to determine the prevalence of blood parasites in horses and identify risk factors and molecular detection of piroplasm species (Theileria equi and Babesia caballi) of horses in Myanmar. Blood samples (n = 302) were collected from five regions of Myanmar. Blood smears were screened for presence of piroplasms. Samples positive for piroplasms were subjected to molecular identification using primers specific to the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) of piroplasms. The overall prevalence of blood parasites (piroplasms, Trypanosoma spp., and microfilaria of Setaria equina) was 30.8% (93/302). The prevalence of piroplasms, Trypanosoma spp., and microfilaria of S. equina, were 22.5% (68/302), 8.3% (25/302), and 2.3% (7/302), respectively. Samples from Yangon (35.0%) and Mandalay (35.0%) showed the highest prevalence, followed by Northern Shan State, Ayeyarwady, and Nay Pyi Taw (33.9%, 25.0% and 24.6%, respectively). The hypothesized factors (age, sex, and breed) showed no significant association (p > 0.05) with the overall occurrence of blood parasites. Although no significant association (p > 0.05) was found between blood parameters (WBCs, RBCs, Hb, and HCT) and the presence of blood parasites, the negative group had a larger WBC count than the positive group. Molecular characterization of piroplasm of two obtained sequences confirmed Theileria equi. This is the first report on microscopic and molecular detection of T. equi in horses in Myanmar, and the findings provide baseline information for blood parasites in horses.

Patterns of intestinal parasite prevalence in brown bears (Ursus arctos) revealed by a 3-year survey on the Shiretoko peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan.
Mizuki Moriyoshi; Naoki Hayashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Masami Yamanaka; Toshio Tsubota; Michito Shimozuru
International Journal for Parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 26, 101048, 101048, 2025年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, This study examined the parasite fauna of wild brown bears and differences in the likelihood of parasite detection by season (summer vs autumn), year, and host factors (sex and age class). From June 2022 to November 2024, 334 fecal samples were collected from the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan, and examined for parasites using the centrifugal flotation technique. Fecal DNA analysis and data from a long-term field monitoring survey led to the identification of 49 individuals, which were further classified based on sex and age. Parasites detected in the feces included Uncinaria sp. (35.0% of total samples), Baylisascaris transfuga (13.5%), Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis (8.4%), Strongylida (2.7%), Capillariidae (0.6%), and coccidia (0.6%). The prevalence of detection for D. nihonkaiensis tended to be higher in autumn (September-November) than in summer (May-August). The likelihood of B. transfuga and Uncinaria sp. detection varied by season, year, and bear age class. The likelihood of B. transfuga detection was significantly higher in autumn than in summer, and tended to be higher in young bears (0-2 years) than in subadult/adult (≥3 years) bears, whereas that of Uncinaria sp. was significantly higher in summer than in autumn and in subadult/adult than in young bears. Egg shedding by these three parasites tended to disappear before or during hibernation. These results suggest that the likelihood of parasite detection in brown bear reflects the interactions of environmental and host factors, including seasonal and/or annual changes in diet, winter hibernation, and host growth.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Fasciola gigantica isolated from cattle in Malawi.
Lenson Mogha; Henson Kainga; Nathan Kamanga; Thoko Flav Kapalamula; Catherine Wood; Lian F Thomas; Florence Mutua; Neil Sargison; Kyoko Hayashida; Taiga Tsutsumi; Naoki Hayashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Elisha Chatanga
Veterinary Research Communications, 49, 3, 157, 157, 2025年04月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Fasciola gigantica is an important trematode that affects the health of animals and humans in tropical and subtropical countries, including Malawi. Information on the genetic diversity and population structure of F. gigantica is important to understanding the parasite`s transmission patterns/ and in monitoring the development of resistance to commonly used anthelmintic agents. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of Fasciola species collected from cattle at slaughter slabs and abattoirs in selected districts of Malawi. A total of 27 adult liver flukes were collected from cattle at slaughter slabs and abattoirs in the northern region (n = 12), central region (n = 5), and southern region (n = 10). The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) gene were amplified and the amplicons were sequenced for all samples. The sequences obtained were used to investigate genetic diversity through median-joining networks and phylogenetic analysis. Tajima's D test and Fu's Fs statistics were used to determine the population structure. Based on the analyzed COI and ND1 sequences, all samples were identified as F. gigantica. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified at 18 and 17 positions for COI and ND1 genes, resulting in 10 and 5 haplotypes, respectively. The haplotype diversities were 0.867 and 0.479 for COI and ND1 gene sequences, respectively. The population genetic structure indices showed a population that has undergone a recent expansion. This study provides baseline epidemiological data on the genetic diversity and population structure of F. gigantica in Malawi; which is important for its control.

Phylogenetic characterization of the pork tapeworm Taenia solium in Japan: implications for the enigmatic evolutionary history
Naoki Hayashi; Ryo Kuwamoto; Mitsuhiro Okada; Kenta Suzuki; Takaya Hoketsu; Samuel Kelava; Yuma Ohari; Munehiro Okamoto; Kinpei Yagi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
International Journal for Parasitology, Elsevier BV, 2025年04月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Strongyle nematode fauna in three ruminants in upper northern Thailand
Thanakorn Rompo; Naoki Hayashi; Ernest Teo; Tawatchai Singhla; Chakorn Kunkaew; Duanghatai Sripakdee; Boondarika Nambooppha; Saruda Wanganurakkul; Kanthanis Limwibulpong; Kanyatip Sangarun; Napatsorn Suwongsaksri; Saravalee Suphakarn; Chanakan Chotiphutthikul; Yuto Matsui; Takao Irie; Ayako Yoshida; Lerdchai Chintapitaksakul; Naoaki Misawa; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Saruda Tiwananthagorn
Parasitology International, 103057, 103057, Elsevier BV, 2025年03月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Patterns of intestinal parasite prevalence in brown bears (Ursus arctos) revealed by a 3-year survey on the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan
Mizuki Moriyoshi; Naoki Hayashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Masami Yamanaka; Toshio Tsubota; Michito Shimozuru
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, 101048, 101048, Elsevier BV, 2025年02月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Comprehensive mitochondrial genomics of Fasciola gigantica from Sudan: insights into genetic diversity, evolutionary dynamics, and host adaptation.
Bashir Salim; Nouh S Mohamed; Kamal Ibrahim; Saeed Alasmari; Elisha Chatanga; Yuma Ohari; Nariaki Nonaka; Mohammad A Alsaad; Faisal Almathen; Ryo Nakao
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 12, 1577469, 1577469, 2025年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, INTRODUCTION: This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Fasciola gigantica isolated from cattle, sheep, and goats in Sudan, aiming to provide new insights into genetic diversity, evolutionary dynamics, and host adaptation. METHODS: Mitochondrial genomes were sequenced using high-throughput Illumina MiSeq technology, yielding sequences of 14,483 bp, slightly longer than the reference genome (14,478 bp). A sliding window analysis was conducted to assess nucleotide diversity, and phylogenetic analyses were performed using complete mitochondrial sequences, including and excluding non-coding regions. RESULTS: Key genetic variations were observed, including a non-canonical start codon (GTG) in the ND5 gene and an alternative stop codon (TAA) in ND4. Length polymorphisms in ND4L and cox1 suggested potential mitochondrial efficiency adaptations. Non-coding regions showed minor length differences, with the long non-coding region extending by 20 bp and the short by 4 bp. Sliding window analysis identified ND4 and ND5 as the most variable genes, while cox1, nd1, and cox2 were the most conserved. Phylogenetic analysis showed distinct clustering of Sudanese F. gigantica isolates with strong bootstrap support. Excluding the D-loop preserved phylogenetic structure, while D-loop-specific analysis revealed high variability, particularly in the sheep isolate. DISCUSSION: These findings highlight significant genetic variation and evolutionary divergence among F. gigantica isolates in Sudan. The observed diversity, particularly within non-coding and variable coding regions, underscores the influence of regional evolutionary pressures and host-associated adaptations. This work enhances understanding of F. gigantica's genetic landscape and supports the development of more targeted molecular surveillance and control strategies for fascioliasis in endemic regions.

Intra-individual polymorphisms in the mitochondrial COI gene of tick-killing Ixodiphagus wasps parasitizing Haemaphysalis flava ticks.
Yurie Taya; Yuto Shiraki; Samuel Kelava; Naoki Fujisawa; Yuma Ohari; Mackenzie L Kwak; Saori Baba; Hideka Numata; Gita Sadaula Pandey; Yuki Ohsugi; Yuki Katada; Shiho Niwa; Shohei Ogata; Keita Matsuno; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Acta Tropica, 107510, 107510, 2024年12月16日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Ixodid ticks are significant vectors of pathogens affecting both humans and animals. Biological control with natural enemies represents a sustainable tool for managing ticks. However, there is a substantial lack of knowledge about the natural enemies of ticks. Wasps of the genus Ixodiphagus (Encyrtidae) are currently the only known tick-specific parasitoids. While these wasps have been sporadically recorded worldwide, their presence in Eastern Asia is poorly documented. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of Ixodiphagus wasps in field-collected ticks reared on rabbits under laboratory conditions. Ticks were collected from the Hokkaido, Hokuriku, Chugoku, Shikoku, and Kyushu regions in Japan. Out of 1,933 Haemaphysalis ticks attached to rabbits, adult wasps emerged from 15 engorged ticks. All the ticks from which wasps emerged were morphologically and molecularly identified as Haemaphysalis flava. Additionally, wasp DNA was detected in unfed H. flava nymphs using a newly designed Ixodiphagus-specific PCR assay. Among nine experimental sites in the Chugoku region, Ixodiphagus wasps were detected at three sites, with parasitism rates ranging from 1.8% to 8.1%. Finally, the mitochondrial COI genes of four wasp and two tick samples were characterized using shotgun sequencing, direct sequencing and in-fusion cloning approaches. Multiple intra-individual polymorphisms were observed in all the tested samples. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between Ixodiphagus wasps and Ixodid ticks. An increased understanding of these parasitoid wasps could contribute to future biological control measures against ticks.

Synergistic Effects of Anti-echinococcosis Drug Candidates Combined With Atovaquone in Culture Assays and Mice With Primary Infections of Echinococcus multilocularis
Hirokazu Kouguchi; Masahito Hidaka; Hiroyuki Matsuyama; Naoki Hayashi; Tomohito Koyano; Ryo Nakao; Nariaki Nonaka; Kinpei Yagi; Shigehiro Enkai
Cureus, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024年11月23日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Habu vipers (Protobothrops flavoviridis) are an overlooked but important reservoir of the zoonotic tick Amblyomma testudinarium (Acari: Ixodidae) in subtropical Asia.
Mackenzie L Kwak; Shintaro Nakagawa; So Shinya; Paula Andrea Jiménez; Greg Markowsky; Daniel McInnes; Yurie Taya; Shouta M M Nakayama; Mayumi Ishizuka; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Acta Tropica, 260, 107472, 107472, 2024年11月17日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Subtropical Asia has a rich diversity of reptiles and ticks, though the role of reptiles in the sylvatic cycles of medically important ticks in the region is poorly known. Habu vipers (Protobothrops flavoviridis) are widespread and common in the Japanese subtropics but their role as hosts for ticks has not been carefully explored. For 15 months in 2023/24, habu vipers were screened for ticks and were found to be important hosts for immature stages of the tick Amblyomma testudinarium, with a 22 % infestation rate. Amblyomma testudinarium was found to have weak attachment site preferences on P. flavoviridis and host body length was found to have no relationship with either the risk of infestation or the tick load in infested snakes. The phenological profile of A. testudinarium was mapped for the first time in the subtropics based on mean tick loads on P. flavoviridis and historical flagging data. March-April were identified as the period of highest activity, May to July was a period of declining activity, August-September was a period of almost complete inactivity, and October to February was a periods of increasing activity. The role of habu vipers in the sylvatic cycle of A. testudinarium in subtropical Asia is discussion. Additionally, the potential of habu vipers to serve as reservoirs of pathogens or as dilution hosts is also explored.

Exploring tick-borne pathogens in community dogs in Nepal
Gita Sadaula Pandey; Chet Raj Pathak; Sunil Thapa; Amir Sadaula; Prajwol Manandhar; Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset; Yongjin Qiu; Mackenzie L. Kwak; Naoki Hayashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Parasitology International, 103003, 103003, Elsevier BV, 2024年11月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Environmental and host factors underlying tick-borne virus infection in wild animals: Investigation of the emerging Yezo virus in Hokkaido, Japan
Mebuki Ito; Miku Minamikawa; Anastasiia Kovba; Hideka Numata; Tetsuji Itoh; Takuma Ariizumi; Asako Shigeno; Yuki Katada; Shiho Niwa; Yurie Taya; Yuto Shiraki; Gita Sadaula Pandey; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Ryosuke Omori; Yuma Ohari; Norikazu Isoda; Michito Shimozuru; Toshio Tsubota; Keita Matsuno; Mariko Sashika
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 15, 6, 102419, 102419, Elsevier BV, 2024年11月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Environmental and host factors underlying tick infestation in invasive raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Hokkaido, Japan
Mebuki Ito; Miku Minamikawa; Anastasiia Kovba; Hideka Numata; Tetsuji Itoh; Yuki Katada; Shiho Niwa; Yurie Taya; Yuto Shiraki; Gita Sadaula Pandey; Samuel Kelava; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Ryosuke Omori; Yuma Ohari; Norikazu Isoda; Michito Shimozuru; Toshio Tsubota; Keita Matsuno; Mariko Sashika
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 15, 6, 102389, 102389, Elsevier BV, 2024年11月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Detection and characterization of vector-borne parasites and Wolbachia endosymbionts in greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) in Nepal.
Gita Pandey Sadaula; Prajwol Manandhar; Bijaya Kumar Shrestha; Amir Sadaula; Naoki Hayashi; Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset; Pradeepa Silwal; Toshio Tsubota; Mackenzie L Kwak; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Acta tropica, 107344, 107344, 2024年08月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Vector-borne parasite infections affect both domestic and wild animals. They are often asymptomatic but can result in fatal outcomes under natural and human-induced stressors. Given the limited availability of molecular data on vector-borne parasites in Rhinoceros unicornis (greater one-horned rhinoceros), this study employed molecular tools to detect and characterize the vector-borne parasites in rescued rhinoceros in Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Whole blood samples were collected from thirty-six R. unicornis during rescue and treatment operations. Piroplasmida infections were first screened using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting 18S ribosomal RNA gene. Wolbachia was detected by amplifying 16S rRNA gene, while filarial nematodes were detected through amplification of 28S rRNA, COI, myoHC and hsp70 genes. Our results confirmed the presence of Theileria bicornis with a prevalence of 75% (27/36) having two previously unreported haplotypes (H8 and H9). Wolbachia endosymbionts were detected in 25% (9/36) of tested samples and belonged to either supergroup C or F. Filarial nematodes of the genera Mansonella and Onchocerca were also detected. There were no significant association between T. bicornis infections and the age, sex, or location from which the animals were rescued. The high prevalence of Theileria with novel haplotypes along with filarial parasites has important ecological and conservational implications and highlights the need to implement parasite surveillance programs for wildlife in Nepal. Further studies monitoring vector-borne pathogens and interspecies transmission among wild animals, livestock and human are required.

Case report: Echinococcus multilocularis infection in a dog showing gastrointestinal signs in Hokkaido, Japan
Izumi Kida; Naoki Hayashi; Nozomu Yokoyama; Noriyuki Nagata; Kazuyoshi Sasaoka; Noboru Sasaki; Keitaro Morishita; Kensuke Nakamura; Hirokazu Kouguchi; Kinpei Yagi; Ryo Nakao; Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi; Nariaki Nonaka
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 11, Frontiers Media SA, 2024年06月13日, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Echinococcus multilocularis is a cestode that causes human alveolar echinococcosis, a lethal zoonotic disease distributed in the northern hemisphere. The life cycle of this parasite is maintained in nature by voles as intermediate hosts and foxes as definitive hosts in Hokkaido, Japan. Although dogs are also susceptible to the parasite, the infection has been considered typically asymptomatic. We report the detection of E. multilocularis eggs in the diarrheal feces of a dog with chronic gastrointestinal signs, which disappeared after anthelmintic treatment. The mitochondrial genome sequence constructed by sequencing of the overlapping PCRs using DNA from the eggs was identical to the most predominant haplotype previously reported in red foxes in Hokkaido. This case highlights that Echinococcus infection should be considered as a differential diagnosis for diarrheal dogs in the disease endemic areas. Further efforts are needed to accumulate parasite genotypes in domestic dogs as well as humans to assess the risk of human infection from dogs.

Author Correction: Unraveling the phylogenetics of genetically closely related species, Haemaphysalis japonica and Haemaphysalis megaspinosa, using entire tick mitogenomes and microbiomes.
Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Wessam M A Mohamed; Elisha Chatanga; Doaa Naguib; Keita Matsuno; Alexander W Gofton; Stephen C Barker; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Scientific reports, 14, 1, 12937, 12937, 2024年06月05日, ［国際誌］
英語

Experimental demonstration of the transmission of Spiroplasma between different arthropod taxa.
Shohei Ogata; Naoki Hayashi; Yuki Eshita; Yasuha Nagasawa; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Journal of Medical Entomology, 61, 3, 733, 740, 2024年05月13日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Spiroplasma (Mycoplasmatales: Spiroplasmataceae) is one of the most widely distributed symbionts of arthropods. Spiroplasma species can infect their hosts via vertical or horizontal transmission. However, the mode of transmission of Spiroplasma between different arthropod taxa has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the potential for the transmission of Spiroplasma to non-native arthropod species, using 2 Spiroplasma spp. isolated from ticks, namely Spiroplasma ixodetis and Spiroplasma mirum, and 3 species of mosquito laboratory colonies, namely Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, and Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae). After feeding the adult mosquitoes with Spiroplasma-containing artificial meals, they were kept at 25 °C for 10 days. Homogenates prepared from Spiroplasma-fed mosquitoes were used to re-isolate Spiroplasma using the in vitro culture method. Nine weeks after culture initiation, the presence of Spiroplasma was tested using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results revealed that only S. ixodetis was detected from all 3 species of mosquitoes and re-isolated from 2 of them. The differences in the infection ability of different Spirolasma species could be attributed to several factors, including environmental effects. Nevertheless, this is the first experimental demonstration of Spiroplasma transmission among different arthropod taxa. Further studies are needed to elucidate the evolutionary mechanism that supports the survival of Spiroplasma in nature.

Unraveling the phylogenetics of genetically closely related species, Haemaphysalis japonica and Haemaphysalis megaspinosa, using entire tick mitogenomes and microbiomes.
Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Wessam M A Mohamed; Elisha Chatanga; Doaa Nagib; Keita Matsuno; Alexander W Gofton; Stephen C Barker; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Scientific reports, 14, 9961, 9961, 2024年04月30日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Ticks have a profound impact on public health. Haemaphysalis is one of the most widespread genera in Asia, including Japan. The taxonomy and genetic differentiation of Haemaphysalis spp. is challenging. For instance, previous studies struggled to distinguish Haemaphysalis japonica and Haemaphysalis megaspinosa due to the dearth of nucleotide sequence polymorphisms in widely used barcoding genes. The classification of H. japonica japonica and its related sub-species Haemaphysalis japonica douglasi or Haemaphysalis jezoensis is also confused due to their high morphological similarity and a lack of molecular data that support the current classification. We used mitogenomes and microbiomes of H. japonica and H. megaspinosa to gain deeper insights into the phylogenetic relationships and genetic divergence between two species. Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated nucleotide sequences of protein-coding genes and ribosomal DNA genes distinguished H. japonica and H. megaspinosa as monophyletic clades, with further subdivision within the H. japonica clade. The 16S rRNA and NAD5 genes were valuable markers for distinguishing H. japonica and H. megaspinosa. Population genetic structure analyses indicated that genetic variation within populations accounted for a large proportion of the total variation compared to variation between populations. Microbiome analyses revealed differences in alpha and beta diversity between H. japonica and H. megaspinosa: H. japonica had the higher diversity. Coxiella sp., a likely endosymbiont, was found in both Haemaphysalis species. The abundance profiles of likely endosymbionts, pathogens, and commensals differed between H. japonica and H. megaspinosa: H. megaspinosa was more diverse.

A survey of gastrointestinal helminth infestation in smallholder backyard pigs and the first molecular identification of the two zoonotic helminths Ascaris suum and Trichuris suis in Myanmar
Saw Bawm; Lat Lat Htun; Hla Myet Chel; Yadanar Khaing; Myint Myint Hmoon; Su Su Thein; Shwe Yee Win; Nyein Chan Soe; Yu Nandi Thaw; Naoki Hayashi; Mar Mar Win; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura; Ryo Nakao
BMC Veterinary Research, 20, 139, 139, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024年04月06日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Abstract

Background

Parasitic infestations have a substantial economic impact on pig production. This study aimed to investigate the gastrointestinal (GI) helminths in pigs and to molecularly characterise two important nematodes, Ascaris and Trichuris species.

Materials and methods

A total of 500 pig faecal samples were collected from small holder backyard pig farms in five townships within Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. Microscopic examination was conducted to estimate the prevalence of GI helminth infestation in the pigs. DNA extraction and PCR were performed on faecal samples that were morphologically positive for Ascaris and Trichuris eggs. Molecular analysis was then conducted to characterise A. suum and T. suis, the most common and zoonotic helminths.

Results

According to microscopic examination, 69.2% (346/500) were positive for GI helminth eggs. The GI helminth species observed were A. suum, Strongyle, Strongyloides spp., T. suis, Metastrongylus spp., Hyostrongylus spp., Fasciolopsis spp., Paragonimus spp., and Schistosoma spp., with occurrences of 34.8%, 29.6%, 21.4%, 20.0%, 4.0%, 1.6%, 1.0%, 1.0%, and 0.4%, respectively. Mixed infections of GI helminths were noted in 31.0% of the samples. Overall, sampled pigs excreted mostly low levels (< 100 EPG) or moderate levels (> 100–500 EPG) of GI helminth eggs. The highest mean EPG for each parasite species was noted in A. suum. The presence of A. suum and T. suis was confirmed molecularly. The sequences of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region of A. suum showed high similarity with previously reported sequences. Likewise, the sequences of T. suis exhibited high similarity with the sequences reported from humans and pigs. Age was noted as an associated factor (P < 0.05) for GI helminth infection status.

Conclusions

In this report, A. suum and T. suis were molecularly identified for the first time in Myanmar. It is important to extend the information among the farmers to be aware of the necessity of preventing zoonotic parasites by practicing regular deworming, proper use of anthelmintics and maintaining hygienic conditions in their pig farms.

A filarial parasite potentially associated with the health burden on domestic chickens in Japan
Naoki Hayashi; Kumiko Hosokawa; Yu Yamamoto; Sachiko Kodama; Aoi Kurokawa; Ryo Nakao; Nariaki Nonaka
Scientific Reports, 14, 1, 13, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024年03月15日, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Abstract

Chickens in free-range environments are at risk of exposure to various pathogens, such as filarioids transmitted via hematophagous vectors. However, the study of filarioids in poultry has been largely neglected compared to the extensive studies focused on viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. Here, we performed histological and molecular investigations of the filarioids detected in domestic chickens from two different flocks in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. In the first case, adult worms were present in the pulmonary artery and right ventricle, and microfilariae were present in multiple organs of deceased chickens. In the second case, similar filarioids were detected in the organs and blood of one necropsied layer. Phylogenetic analysis using 18S rRNA gene fragments positioned the filarioid in the same clade as that of Onchocercidae sp., previously identified in a deceased chicken from Chiba Prefecture, Japan, that is located 500 km away from Hiroshima Prefecture. Based on 28S rRNA and mitochondrial COI gene fragments, the filarioid was positioned distinctly from previously reported genera of avian filarioids. These results suggest that the filarioids are potentially associated with the health burden on domestic chickens and belong to the genus Paronchocerca. Furthermore, we developed a nested PCR assay targeting mitochondrial COI and detected the parasite DNA from the biting midge Culicoides arakawae captured near the flock, suggesting that it serves as a vector. Our findings fill the knowledge gap regarding avian filarioids, laying the groundwork for future studies examining the epidemiology, life cycle, and species diversity of this neglected parasite group.

Experimental demonstration of the transmission of Spiroplasma between different arthropod taxa
Shohei Ogata; Naoki Hayashi; Yuki Eshita; Yasuha Nagasawa; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Journal of Medical Entomology, 61, 3, 733, 740, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2024年02月21日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Abstract

Spiroplasma (Mycoplasmatales: Spiroplasmataceae) is one of the most widely distributed symbionts of arthropods. Spiroplasma species can infect their hosts via vertical or horizontal transmission. However, the mode of transmission of Spiroplasma between different arthropod taxa has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the potential for the transmission of Spiroplasma to non-native arthropod species, using 2 Spiroplasma spp. isolated from ticks, namely Spiroplasma ixodetis and Spiroplasma mirum, and 3 species of mosquito laboratory colonies, namely Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, and Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae). After feeding the adult mosquitoes with Spiroplasma-containing artificial meals, they were kept at 25 °C for 10 days. Homogenates prepared from Spiroplasma-fed mosquitoes were used to re-isolate Spiroplasma using the in vitro culture method. Nine weeks after culture initiation, the presence of Spiroplasma was tested using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results revealed that only S. ixodetis was detected from all 3 species of mosquitoes and re-isolated from 2 of them. The differences in the infection ability of different Spirolasma species could be attributed to several factors, including environmental effects. Nevertheless, this is the first experimental demonstration of Spiroplasma transmission among different arthropod taxa. Further studies are needed to elucidate the evolutionary mechanism that supports the survival of Spiroplasma in nature.

Mitogenomic exploration supports the historical hypothesis of anthropogenic diffusion of a zoonotic parasite Echinococcus multilocularis
Naoki Hayashi; Ryo Nakao; Yuma Ohari; Takao Irie; Hirokazu Kouguchi; Elisha Chatanga; Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Gohta Kinoshita; Munehiro Okamoto; Kinpei Yagi; Nariaki Nonaka
iScience, 26, 107741, 107741, Elsevier BV, 2023年10月20日, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Investigation of vertical and horizontal transmission of Spiroplasma in ticks under laboratory conditions
Shohei Ogata; Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji; Kodai Kusakisako; Keita Kakisaka; Elisha Chatanga; Naoki Hayashi; Yurie Taya; Yuma Ohari; Gita Sadaula Pandey; Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset; Yongjin Qiu; Keita Matsuno; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Scientific Reports, 13, 13265, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023年08月15日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Abstract

Many arthropods harbour bacterial symbionts, which are maintained by vertical and/or horizontal transmission. Spiroplasma is one of the most well-known symbionts of ticks and other arthropods. It is still unclear how Spiroplasma infections have spread in tick populations despite its high prevalence in some tick species. In this study, Ixodes ovatus, which has been reported to harbour Spiroplasma ixodetis at high frequencies, was examined for its vertical transmission potential under experimental conditions. Next, two isolates of tick-derived Spiroplasma, S. ixodetis and Spiroplasma mirum, were experimentally inoculated into Spiroplasma-free Haemaphysalis longicornis colonies and the presence of Spiroplasma in their eggs and larvae was tested. Our experimental data confirmed that S. ixodetis was transmitted to eggs and larvae in a vertical manner in the original host I. ovatus. In the second experiment, there was no significant difference in engorged weight, egg weight, and hatching rate between Spiroplasma-inoculated and control H. longicornis groups. This suggested that Spiroplasma infection does not affect tick reproduction. Spiroplasma DNA was only detected in the eggs and larvae derived from some individuals of S. ixodetis-inoculated groups. This has demonstrated the potential of horizontal transmission between different tick species. These findings may help understand the transmission dynamics of Spiroplasma in nature and its adaptation mechanism to host arthropod species.

Human-biting ticks and zoonotic tick-borne pathogens in North Africa: diversity, distribution, and trans-Mediterranean public health challenges
Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset; Mackenzie L. Kwak; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
One Health, 16, 100547, 100547, Elsevier BV, 2023年06月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Tick-borne diseases in Egypt: A one health perspective.
Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
One Health (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 15, 100443, 100443, 2022年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Ticks are important arthropod vectors that transmit pathogens to humans and animals. Owing to favourable climatic and environmental conditions, along with animal importation from neighbouring countries, ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are widespread in Egyptian localities. Here, we review the current knowledge on the epidemiology of TBDs in Egypt in light of the One Health paradigm. METHODS AND RESULTS: Five scientific databases, including "Web of Science", "Scopus", "PubMed", "Science Direct", and "Google Scholar", were searched for articles describing TBDs in Egypt. A total of 18 TBDs have been reported in humans and animals, including three protozoal diseases (babesiosis, theileriosis, and hepatozoonosis), 12 bacterial diseases (anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, Lyme borreliosis, bovine borreliosis, tick-borne relapsing fever, Mediterranean spotted fever, African tick-borne fever, lymphangitis-associated rickettsiosis, bartonellosis, tularaemia, Q fever, and aegyptianellosis), and three viral diseases (Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, Alkhurma haemorrhagic fever, and Lumpy skin disease). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the circulation of zoonotic tick-borne pathogens among livestock and tick vectors, human infections have been overlooked and are potentially limited to infer the actual communicable disease burden. Therefore, facility-based surveillance of TBDs, combined with capacity building for laboratory diagnostics in healthcare facilities, is urgently required to improve diagnosis and inform policy-making in disease prevention. Additionally, collaboration between expert researchers from various disciplines (physicians, biologists, acarologists, and veterinarians) is required to develop advanced research projects to control ticks and TBDs. Considering that domestic livestock is integral to many Egyptian households, comprehensive epidemiological studies on TBDs should assess all disease contributors, including vertebrate hosts (animals, humans, and rodents) and ticks in the same ecological region, for better assessment of disease burden. Additionally, upscaling of border inspections of imported animals is required to stop crossover movements of ticks and TBDs.

Toltrazuril and diclazuril: comparative evaluation of anti-coccidial drugs using a murine model.
Parnian Ahmadi; Mahmoud Baakhtari; Masahiro Yasuda; Nariaki Nonaka; Ayako Yoshida
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 84, 10, 1345, 1351, 2022年09月21日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Intestinal coccidiosis caused by Eimeria protozoan species is an economically important disease, especially in poultry and cattle. Anti-coccidial drugs commonly used for controlling coccidiosis are toltrazuril (TTZ) and diclazuril (DCZ). In this study, the efficacies of TTZ and DCZ were compared using a murine model, and the effect of these treatments on the induction of acquired resistance was evaluated. Male C57BL/6J mice were inoculated with 1,000 sporulated E. vermiformis oocytes and treated with TTZ or DCZ. The recommended TTZ dose for cattle (15 mg/kg) completely prevented oocyte excretion. But, mice required 5 mg/kg of DCZ, which is five times the recommended dose for cattle, to reduce oocyte excretion. In E. vermiformis re-infection, TTZ (15 mg/kg) and DCZ (5 mg/kg) treatments did not interfere with the development of acquired resistance. Bodyweight gain was significantly higher in the TTZ-treated group than in the control (untreated/infected) group and the DCZ-treated group, and no significant difference in bodyweight gain was observed between the TTZ-treated group and the healthy (uninfected/untreated) group. Analysis of T lymphocyte subsets in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes indicated that the relative populations of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were reduced in the DCZ-treated and control (untreated/infected) groups, suggesting there was immunosuppression during the infection. However, no reductions in T cell populations were observed in the TTZ-treated group. The results indicated that an optimal anti-coccidial drug is one that can completely break the parasite life cycle in the host animal.

High infection rate of tick-borne protozoan and rickettsial pathogens of cattle in Malawi and the development of a multiplex PCR for Babesia and Theileria species identification.
Elisha Chatanga; Emmanuel Maganga; Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Shohei Ogata; Gita Sadaula Pandey; Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset; Kyoko Hayashida; Chihiro Sugimoto; Ken Katakura; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Acta tropica, 231, 106413, 106413, 2022年07月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Malawi has an estimated cattle population of 1,884,803 heads, the indigenous Malawi zebu breed accounts for 91.2%, while the exotic and crossbred accounts for the remaining 8.8%. Although ticks and tick-borne diseases are widespread in Malawi, no molecular study has been conducted to investigate the tick-borne Anaplasmataceae and piroplasms infecting cattle. To provide an insight into the current status of tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) of cattle, a molecular survey was conducted in the central and southern regions of Malawi. A total of 191 cattle of which 132 were Malawi zebu, 44 were Holstein Friesian and 15 were Holstein-Friesian/ Malawi zebu crosses were screened for Anaplasmataceae and piroplasms using the heat shock protein groEL gene and 18S rDNA, respectively. A new 18S rDNA multiplex PCR assay was designed for Babesia and Theileria species identification without sequencing. Overall, 92.3% (n = 177) of the examined animals were infected with at least one TBP. Anaplasmataceae-positive rate was 57.6% (n = 110) while for piroplasms it was 80.1% (n = 153). The detected Anaplasmataceae were Anaplasma bovis 2.6% (n = 5), Anaplasma marginale 24.6% (n = 47), Anaplasma platys-like 13.6% (n = 26), uncharacterized Anaplasma sp. 14.1% (n = 27), and uncharacterized Ehrlichia sp. 16.2% (n = 31). The detected piroplasms were Babesia bigemina 2.6% (n = 5), Theileria mutans 73.8% (n = 141), Theileria parva 33.0% (n = 63), Theileria taurotragi 12.6% (n = 24), and Theileria velifera 53.4% (n = 102). Mixed infection rate was found in 79.6% (n = 152) of the samples analyzed. This study has shown a high burden of TBPs among cattle in Malawi which highlights the need to conceive new methods to control ticks and TBPs in order to improve animal health and productivity. The newly developed multiplex PCR assay would be a useful tool especially in resource limited settings where sequencing is not available and when mixed infections are expected.

Comparative mitogenomics elucidates the population genetic structure of Amblyomma testudinarium in Japan and a closely related Amblyomma species in Myanmar
Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; May June Thu; Keita Kakisaka; Elisha Chatanga; Shohei Ogata; Naoki Hayashi; Yurie Taya; Yuma Ohari; Doaa Naguib; Yongjin Qiu; Keita Matsuno; Saw Bawm; Lat Lat Htun; Stephen C. Barker; Ken Katakura; Kimihito Ito; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Evolutionary Applications, 15, 7, 1062, 1078, Wiley, 2022年06月23日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Genotyping of Theileria parva populations in vaccinated and non-vaccinated cattle in Malawi.
Elisha Chatanga; Yuma Ohari; Walter Muleya; Kyoko Hayashida; Chihiro Sugimoto; Ken Katakura; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Parasitology, 1, 8, 2022年04月11日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Theileria parva is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite that causes bovine theileriosis (East Coast Fever; ECF) in central, eastern and southern Africa. In Malawi, ECF is endemic in the northern and central regions where it has negatively affected the development of dairy industry. Despite its endemic status the genetic population structure of T. parva in Malawi is currently unknown. To obtain an understanding of T. parva in Malawi, we performed population genetics analysis of T. parva populations in cattle vaccinated with the Muguga cocktail live vaccine and non-vaccinated cattle using mini- and microsatellite markers covering all the four T. parva chromosomes. The T. parva Muguga strain was included in this study as a reference strain. Linkage disequilibrium was observed when all samples were treated as a single population. There was sub-structuring among the samples as shown by the principal coordinate analysis. Majority of the samples clustered with the T. parva Muguga reference strain suggesting that the isolates in Malawi are closely related to the vaccine component, which support the current use of Muguga cocktail vaccine to control ECF. The clustering of samples from non-endemic southern region with those from endemic central region suggests expansion of the distribution of T. parva in Malawi.

Eimeria pragensis infection alters the gut microenvironment to favor extrinsic shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonization in mice.
Ryoko Uemura; Miki Kawakado; Masuo Sueyoshi; Nariaki Nonaka; Yoichiro Horii
Parasitology International, 87, 102521, 102521, 2022年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We examined the effects of Eimeria pragensis infection on intestinal peristalsis, goblet cell proliferation and intestinal flora in C57BL/6 mice. Intestinal peristalsis was evaluated by radiography using barium at 7 days post-infection (p.i.). The intestinal peristalsis of E. pragensis-infected mice was significantly suppressed compared with uninfected control mice. Twenty-three mice were divided into 5 groups of 4 or 5 mice each; 2 groups of mice were infected with E. pragensis and the others were kept uninfected. At 7 days p.i., E. pragensis-infected and -uninfected mice were sacrificed to examine goblet cell numbers in the intestines, and significant decreases were observed only in the infected mice. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 was inoculated orally in mice both infected and uninfected with E. pragensis at 7 days p.i., with the remaining mice used as uninoculated controls. When mice were sacrificed at 2 days after STEC inoculation, STEC was only detected in the intestines of E. pragensis-infected mice. Colonization of STEC was also confirmed by immunohistochemistry on the surface of epithelial cells in concurrently infected/inoculated mice. Also, an overgrowth of residential E. coli was observed only in E. pragensis-infected mice. These results suggest that E. pragensis induces the suppression of intestinal peristalsis and modifies the intestinal environment to facilitate artificially introduced STEC colonization and multiplication, in addition to residential E. coli overgrowth.

Novel symbionts and potential human pathogens excavated from argasid tick microbiomes that are shaped by dual or single symbiosis
Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Alice C.C. Lau; Elisha Chatanga; Yongjin Qiu; Naoki Hayashi; Doaa Naguib; Kozue Sato; Ai Takano; Keita Mastuno; Nariaki Nonaka; DeMar Taylor; Hiroki Kawabata; Ryo Nakao
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, 20, 1979, 1992, Elsevier BV, 2022年04月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Scanning electron microscopy of Quilonia renniei from Asian elephants revealing variation in coronal leaflet number.
Hla Myet Chel; Saw Bawm; Lat Lat Htun; Md Abdul Masum; Osamu Ichii; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Ken Katakura
Parasitology, 149, 4, 529, 533, 2022年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Although parasitic nematodes in the genera Murshidia and Quilonia (family Strongylidae) are recognized as major gastrointestinal parasites in Asian elephants, they have been poorly studied. Recently, light micrographs of these parasites in Myanmar have been presented, almost 100 years after the original drawings. However, the number of coronal leaflets, a key taxonomic feature of Quilonia species, has not been precisely determined based on light microscopy. The current study aimed to determine the exact number of coronal leaflets in Quilonia renniei specimens from Asian elephants in Myanmar. On the basis of scanning electron micrographs, leaflet number in females (19–20, average 19.7, n = 9) was significantly higher (P < 0.005) than that in males (16–19, average 18.1, n = 8). This compares with 18 coronal leaflets indicated in the original species description. Specimens bearing 19 coronal leaflets were most numerous, followed by those with 20 leaflets. Median-joining network analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequences with 16 haplotypes from 19 individuals revealed no clear association between parasite populations and the number of coronal leaflets. These results highlight the importance of determining the number of coronal leaflets in the taxonomy of Q. renniei and other related Quilonia species infecting Asian elephants.

Sensitivity comparison between Mini-FLOTAC and conventional techniques for the detection of Echinococcus multilocularis eggs.
Izumi Kida; Hirokazu Kouguchi; Takao Irie; Kinpei Yagi; Ryo Nakao; Nariaki Nonaka
Parasitology international, 87, 102522, 102522, 2022年04月, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Canines serve as the definitive host of Echinococcus multilocularis. This study evaluated the sensitivity of the Mini-FLOTAC technique (MF) for the detection of E. multilocularis eggs in definitive hosts. First, we investigated the effects of heat inactivation and preservative conditions on the detection rate of eggs obtained from experimentally infected dogs. The sensitivity of MF was compared with that of eight other techniques: the centrifugal flotation with sucrose or zinc sulfate, MGL, AMS III, and a combination of MF and flotation/sedimentation techniques. Finally, we compared the sensitivity of MF and the centrifugal flotation with sucrose for the feces of E. multilocularis-infected foxes. The detection rate reached a plateau level with a specific gravity (s.g.) 1.22 for fresh eggs, but the highest rates were obtained with s.g. greater than 1.32 for heat-inactivated eggs. There was no significant difference in the detection rate among the preservative conditions. MF showed significantly higher EPG than the other techniques. Moreover, it showed higher diagnostic sensitivity for the fox feces than the centrifugal flotation technique. These results suggest that heat inactivation may alter s.g. of E. multilocularis eggs and that MF with zinc sulfate (s.g. = 1.32) would be effective for detecting heat-inactivated E. multilocularis eggs.

Morphological and molecular identification of trematode cercariae related with humans and animal health in freshwater snails from a lake and a dam in Myanmar.
Saw Bawm; Nang Hnin Ei Khaing; Shwe Yee Win; Su Su Thein; Yadanar Khaing; Yu Nandi Thaw; Nyein Chan Soe; Hla Myet Chel; Myint Myint Hmoon; Naoki Hayashi; Lat Lat Htun; Ken Katakura; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Parasitology research, 121, 2, 653, 665, 2022年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Freshwater snails play an essential role in the transmission of trematode parasitic flatworms that can infect wild and domestic animals, as well as humans. This study aimed to investigate the rate of cercarial infections in freshwater snails collected from two study areas, Inlay Lake and Yezin Dam, in Myanmar. A total of 4,740 snail samples were collected from Inlay Lake (n = 3,837) and Yezin Dam (n = 903), and infection rate by cercarial emergence was examined. Cercarial DNA samples were analysed by PCR. Based on morphological characteristics, eleven snail species and eight cercarial types were identified. Snails of Melanoides tuberculata in the family Thiaridae were found as the most abundant, followed by Indoplanorbis exustus of the family Planorbidae, in both study areas. The infection rate by cercarial emergence in snails in Inlay Lake and Yezin Dam was 5.8% (224/3,837) and 48.6% (439/903), respectively. Echinostome cercariae showed the highest infection rate in both study areas. Phylogenetic analysis of cercarial internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences revealed that at least seven cercaria types belonged to five digenean trematode families, two of which were zoonotic trematodes in the families of Opisthorchiidae/Heterophyidae and Schistosomatidae. Furthermore, cercarial 28S ribosomal RNA gene analysis showed that the furcocercous cercariae in Yezin Dam were identified as Schistosoma spindale, a causative agent of ruminant schistosomiasis. This is the first report on zoonotic trematode cercariae in snails in Myanmar. The findings indicate that various snail species act as intermediate host for trematode species that infect aquatic animals, mammals and humans in the country.

Reconstruction of mitochondrial genomes from raw sequencing data provides insights on the phylogeny of Ixodes ticks and cautions for species misidentification.
Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Samuel Kelava; Dayana Barker; Keita Matsuno; Nariaki Nonaka; Renfu Shao; Ben J Mans; Stephen C Barker; Ryo Nakao
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 13, 1, 101832, 101832, 2022年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, High-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology has profoundly been involved in sequencing whole genomes of several organisms in a fast and cost-effective manner. Although HTS provides an alternative biomonitoring method to the time-consuming and taxonomy-expertise dependent morphological approach, still we cannot rule out the possibility of the impediment and misidentification biases. In this article we aim to retrieve whole mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences from publicly available raw sequencing data for phylogenetic comparison of Ixodes persulcatus. For this comparison, we sequenced whole mitogenomes of four I. persulcatus ticks from Japan and constructed mitogenomes from raw sequencing data of 74 I. persulcatus ticks from China. Bayesian phylogenetic trees were inferred by the concatenated fifteen mitochondrial genes. We further tested our results by the phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences. Our findings showed that 70 constructed mitogenomes from China were clustered with the sequenced four mitogenomes of I. persulcatus from Japan. We also revealed that mitogenome sequences retrieved from two data sets CRR142297 and CRR142298 were clustered with Ixodes nipponensis. Moreover, other two mitogenome sequences from CRR142310 and CRR142311 formed a clade with Ixodes pavlovskyi. The phylogenetic analysis of cox1 gene and ITS2 sequences confirmed the identification errors of these four samples. The overall phylogenetics in our study concluded that accurate morphological identification is necessary before implementing HTS to avoid any misidentification biases.

Novel symbionts and potential human pathogens excavated from argasid tick microbiomes that are shaped by dual or single symbiosis.
Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Alice C C Lau; Elisha Chatanga; Yongjin Qiu; Naoki Hayashi; Doaa Naguib; Kozue Sato; Ai Takano; Keita Matsuno; Nariaki Nonaka; DeMar Taylor; Hiroki Kawabata; Ryo Nakao
Computational and structural biotechnology journal, 20, 1979, 1992, 2022年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Research on vector-associated microbiomes has been expanding due to increasing emergence of vector-borne pathogens and awareness of the importance of symbionts in the vector physiology. However, little is known about microbiomes of argasid (or soft-bodied) ticks due to limited access to specimens. We collected four argasid species (Argas japonicus, Carios vespertilionis, Ornithodoros capensis, and Ornithodoros sawaii) from the nests or burrows of their vertebrate hosts. One laboratory-reared argasid species (Ornithodoros moubata) was also included. Attempts were then made to isolate and characterize potential symbionts/pathogens using arthropod cell lines. Microbial community structure was distinct for each tick species. Coxiella was detected as the predominant symbiont in four tick species where dual symbiosis between Coxiella and Rickettsia or Coxiella and Francisella was observed in C. vespertilionis and O. moubata, respectively. Of note, A. japonicus lacked Coxiella and instead had Occidentia massiliensis and Thiotrichales as alternative symbionts. Our study found strong correlation between tick species and life stage. We successfully isolated Oc. massiliensis and characterized potential pathogens of genera Ehrlichia and Borrelia. The results suggest that there is no consistent trend of microbiomes in relation to tick life stage that fit all tick species and that the final interpretation should be related to the balance between environmental bacterial exposure and endosymbiont ecology. Nevertheless, our findings provide insights on the ecology of tick microbiomes and basis for future investigations on the capacity of argasid ticks to carry novel pathogens with public health importance.

The strong influence of management factors on coccidian infections in smallholder pig farms and the first molecular identification of Cystoisospora suis in Myanmar.
Saw Bawm; Hla Myet Chel; Yadanar Khaing; Myint Myint Hmoon; Su Su Thein; Shwe Yee Win; Nyein Chan Soe; Yu Nandi Thaw; Naoki Hayashi; Mar Mar Win; Lat Lat Htun; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura; Ryo Nakao
Parasite (Paris, France), 29, 1, 1, 2022年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate coccidian infection and associated factors in smallholder pigs, and to identify Cystoisospora oocysts by PCR. A total of 500 pig faecal samples from 330 smallholder farms were collected in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. The faecal flotation method was used to identify Eimeria and Cystoisospora species, and oocyst counts per gram (OPG) of faeces were recorded. Oocysts were differentiated after sporulation. Oocyst DNA was subjected to ITS1-targeted Cystoisospora-specific PCR. The overall coccidian oocyst detection rate by microscopic was 89.0% (445/500). Among the studied samples, 74.0% (370/500) and 70.6% (353/500), were found to be positive with Eimeria spp. and Cystoisospora suis oocysts, respectively. The sequences of C. suis detected were 100% identical to those of C. suis reported from Japan, and had 99.5% resemblance to sequences from Australia and China. Weaner pigs showed the significantly highest (p < 0.05) OPG when compared to other age groups. The highest intensity of coccidian infection (p < 0.05) was found in pigs fed local feed, pigs raised on earthen floors and pigs under poor hygienic conditions. Factors such as age, breed, feed type, and housing floors were found to be significantly associated with coccidian infection (p < 0.05). Age, as well as management factors including floor type, feed type, and hygiene practices on the farm, had a strong influence on the occurrence of coccidian infection in pigs. This is the first study in Myanmar on coccidian infection in pigs and molecular detection of C. suis.

Reconstruction of mitochondrial genomes from raw sequencing data provides insights on the phylogeny of Ixodes ticks but suggests the caution for species misidentification
Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Samuel Kelava; Dayana Barker; Keita Matsuno; Nariaki Nonaka; Renfu Shao; Ben J. Mans; Stephen C. Barker; Ryo Nakao
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 13, 1, 101832, 101832, Elsevier BV, 2022年01月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Cystic echinococcosis in humans and animals in Egypt: An epidemiological overview.
Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset; Kinpei Yagi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases, 1, 100061, 100061, 2021年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the cestode Echinococcus granulosus (sensu lato), is a serious neglected zoonotic disease in many parts of the world, including Egypt. Thus far, the actual incidence of CE in the Egyptian population remains unknown. Infection with E. granulosus (s.l.) is common among stray dogs in rural and suburban areas owing to the spread of parasite eggs. Herein, we present an updated review of published data on the incidence of CE in humans and animals as well as the genotypes prevalent in Egypt. CE occurs in most parts of Egypt; however, available data are mostly from northern Egypt, particularly Cairo and Giza. In southern Egypt, the disease is likely to be underdiagnosed or underreported. A few risk factors were studied. In the Egyptian population, residency in rural areas, farming, and age were significant factors for acquiring CE. In livestock, age, sex and season have been associated with high prevalence of CE. Several genotypes have been identified among livestock (G1, G4, G5, G6 and G7) and humans (G1, G6 and G7). This literature review underscores the need for a precise national surveillance system to track CE distribution in humans and animals and design appropriate preventive and control strategies for this disease.

Anthropogenic interferences lead to gut microbiome dysbiosis in Asian elephants and may alter adaptation processes to surrounding environments
Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Hla Myet Chel; May June Thu; Saw Bawm; Lat Lat Htun; Mar Mar Win; Zaw Min Oo; Natsuo Ohsawa; Mirkka Lahdenperä; Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Kimihito Ito; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Ken Katakura
Scientific Reports, 11, 1, 741, 741, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Human activities interfere with wild animals and lead to the loss of many animal populations. Therefore, efforts have been made to understand how wildlife can rebound from anthropogenic disturbances. An essential mechanism to adapt to environmental and social changes is the fluctuations in the host gut microbiome. Here we give a comprehensive description of anthropogenically induced microbiome alterations in Asian elephants (n = 30). We detected gut microbial changes due to overseas translocation, captivity and deworming. We found that microbes belonging to Planococcaceae had the highest contribution in the microbiome alterations after translocation, while Clostridiaceae, Spirochaetaceae and Bacteroidia were the most affected after captivity. However, deworming significantly changed the abundance of Flavobacteriaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Weeksellaceae and Burkholderiaceae. These findings may provide fundamental ideas to help guide the preservation tactics and probiotic replacement therapies of a dysbiosed gut microbiome in Asian elephants. More generally, these results show the severity of anthropogenic activities at the level of gut microbiome, altering the adaptation processes to new environments and the subsequent capability to maintain normal physiological processes in animals.

Early-phase migration dynamics of Echinococcus multilocularis in two mouse strains showing different infection susceptibilities
Naoki Hayashi; Hirokazu Kouguchi; Yuhei Imasato; Takao Irie; Kinpei Yagi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
International Journal for Parasitology, 51, 11, 893, 898, Elsevier BV, 2021年10月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Ancylostoma ceylanicum infections in humans in Vietnam
Khanh-Linh Bui; Thu-Huong Nguyen; Hieu Duc Duong; Viet-Linh Nguyen; Thi-Nhien Nguyen; Lan-Anh Le; Ha-My Cong; Khanh-Trang Tran; Duc-Vinh Le; Eiji Nagayasu; Nariaki Nonaka; Ayako Yoshida
Parasitology International, 84, 102405, 102405, Elsevier BV, 2021年10月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Ancylostoma ceylanicum is recognized as the only zoonotic hookworm species that is able to mature into adult stage in the human intestine. While human infections caused by this hookworm species have been reported from neighboring countries and this hookworm is prevalent in dogs in Vietnam, human infection has never been reported in Vietnam. The present study, therefore, aimed to identify human infections with A. ceylanicum in Vietnam. A total of 526 fecal samples from the residents in Long An Province were collected and the presence of hookworm eggs was detected by the Kato-Katz method. The results indicated that the overall prevalence of human hookworm infection was 85/526 (16.2%). After filter paper culture, 3rd stage larvae were successfully obtained from 48 egg-positive samples. The larvae were identified for their species using semi-nested PCR-RLFP on the cox1 gene. As a result, two hookworm species were confirmed; single species infections with Necator americanus or A. ceylanicum, and mixed infections with both species were found in 47.9%, 31.3%, and 20.8% of the samples, respectively.

Molecular Survey of Babesia and Anaplasma Infection in Cattle in Bolivia
Shohei Ogata; Juan Antonio Cristian Pereira; Loza Vega Ariel Jhonny; Herbas Perez Gladys Carolina; Keita Matsuno; Yasuko Orba; Hirofumi Sawa; Fumihiko Kawamori; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Veterinary Sciences, 8, 9, 188, 188, MDPI AG, 2021年09月07日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Latin American countries produce more than a quarter of the world’s beef and are a major global supplier of livestock protein. Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are a major constraint to the livestock industry worldwide, including in Latin America. The aim of this study was to detect and characterise tick-borne pathogens in cattle from Santa Cruz, Bolivia, where no detailed epidemiological data are available. Blood samples were collected from 104 cattle. Apicomplexan parasites were detected by nested PCR amplification of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA), and Anaplasmataceae was screened by the PCR amplification of 16S rDNA, followed by characterisation based on the heat shock protein and citrate synthase gene sequences. Babesia infection was observed in nine cattle (one Babesia bovis and eight Babesia bigemina), while Anaplasmataceae infection was detected in thirty-two cattle. A sequencing analysis confirmed the presence of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma platys-like. These results provide the first molecular evidence for the four above-mentioned tick-borne pathogens in cattle in Bolivia. This information improves our understanding of the epidemiology of TBDs and will help in formulating appropriate and improved pathogen control strategies.

PCR detection and genetic characterization of piroplasms from dogs in Myanmar, and a possible role of dogs as reservoirs for Theileria parasites infecting cattle, water buffaloes, and goats
Saw Bawm; Tin Tin Myaing; May June Thu; Shirin Akter; Lat Lat Htun; Mar Mar Win; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Ken Katakura
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 12, 4, 101729, 101729, Elsevier BV, 2021年07月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Canine vector-borne pathogens can act as zoonotic agents in humans; however, it poorly understood whether dogs play a role as reservoirs of vector-borne parasites in livestock animals. Here, we report the unexpected detection of 18S rRNA gene (rDNA) sequences of five ruminant Theileria species from the peripheral blood of dogs in Myanmar, in addition to those of two canine Babesia species. Using novel BTH primers capable of amplifying the 18S rDNA of Babesia, Theileria, and Hepatozoon spp., approximately 1,500 bp nested PCR products were detected in 19% (17/91) of local or imported dog breeds in different regions of Myanmar. Among the sequences of the 17 PCR products, ten were determined as Theileria 18S rDNA, including three as Theileria orientalis, three as Theileria buffeli, two as Theileria cf. velifera, one as Theileria luwenshuni, and one as Theileria sp. Most of these sequences showed higher identities with Theileria sequences determined in previous studies of cattle, water buffaloes, and goats in Myanmar. Six PCR products were identified as Babesia vogeli and one sample was determined as Babesia gibsoni. Furthermore, we obtained approximately 900 bp thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) gene fragments from three dog blood DNA samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the TRAP gene showed that B. gibsoni parasites in Myanmar were considerably related to isolates from China, Korea, Japan, and Taiwan, but clearly separated from those from Bangladesh and India. These results provide new insights into a possible role of dogs in maintaining and spreading tick-borne pathogens among livestock and canine populations in Myanmar.

Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Coxiella-Like Endosymbionts in Ticks Collected from Animals and Vegetation in Zambia
Toshiya Kobayashi; Elisha Chatanga; Yongjin Qiu; Martin Simuunza; Masahiro Kajihara; Bernard Mudenda Hang’ombe; Yoshiki Eto; Ngonda Saasa; Akina Mori-Kajihara; Edgar Simulundu; Ayato Takada; Hirofumi Sawa; Ken Katakura; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Pathogens, 10, 6, 779, 779, MDPI AG, 2021年06月21日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Ticks are obligate ectoparasites as they require to feed on their host blood during some or all stages of their life cycle. In addition to the pathogens that ticks harbor and transmit to vertebrate hosts, they also harbor other seemingly nonpathogenic microorganisms including nutritional mutualistic symbionts. Tick nutritional mutualistic symbionts play important roles in the physiology of the host ticks as they are involved in tick reproduction and growth through the supply of B vitamins as well as in pathogen maintenance and propagation. Coxiella-like endosymbionts (CLEs) are the most widespread endosymbionts exclusively reported in ticks. Although CLEs have been investigated in ticks in other parts of the world, there is no report of their investigation in ticks in Zambia. To investigate the occurrence of CLEs, their maintenance, and association with host ticks in Zambia, 175 ticks belonging to six genera, namely Amblyomma, Argas, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma, Ornithodoros, and Rhipicephalus, were screened for CLEs, followed by characterization of CLEs by multi-locus sequence typing of the five Coxiella housekeeping genes (dnaK, groEL, rpoB, 16S rRNA, and 23S rRNA). The results showed that 45.7% (n = 80) were positive for CLEs. The comparison of the tick 16S rDNA phylogenetic tree with that of the CLEs concatenated sequences showed that there was a strong correlation between the topology of the trees. The results suggest that most of the CLEs have evolved within tick species, supporting the vertical transmission phenomenon. However, the negative results for CLE in some ticks warrants further investigations of other endosymbionts that the ticks in Zambia may also harbor.

Identification, genetic variation, and structural analysis of 18S rRNA of Theileria orientalis and Theileria velifera-like isolates from Myanmar
Saw Bawm; Rumi Sagara; Keita Kakisaka; May June Thu; Myint Myint Hmoon; Lat Lat Htun; Mar Mar Win; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Hitoshi Suzuki; Ken Katakura
Parasitology International, 82, 102299, 102299, Elsevier BV, 2021年06月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Ribosomal RNA genes have been widely used for the identification and phylogenetic analysis of various organisms, including parasitic protozoa. Here, we report nine near full-length Theileria orientalis 18S rRNA gene sequences from cattle from different areas of Myanmar. Phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rRNA genes revealed a considerably close genetic relationship among T. orientalis isolates from Australia, China, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, and Pakistan. We also obtained four Theileria velifera-like (Theileria cf. velifera) 18S rRNA gene sequences from two cattle and two water buffaloes from the northernmost area of Myanmar. The phylogenetic analysis of T. cf. velifera isolates from Myanmar along with T. velifera and T. cf. velifera isolates from African countries suggested an evolutionary lineage of greater complexity in T. velifera-related parasites. DNA alignment analysis indicated the presence of 51 and 55 nucleotide variation positions within the 18S rRNA genes from 15 T. orientalis and 11 T. velifera-related isolates, respectively. Alignment entropy analysis of the 18S rRNA sequences indicated that both T. orientalis and T. velifera-related isolates had three hyper variable regions, corresponding to V2, V4, and V7 regions in eukaryotes. The degree of variation was prominent in the V2 in T. orientalis and V4 in T. velifera-related isolates. The secondary structure analysis of the 18S rRNA predicted using minimum free energy algorism revealed that the structure of V4 region differed most significantly between T. orientalis and T. velifera. These results provide novel insights into common structures, variations and functions of small subunit rRNA in Theileria species.

Applications of Blocker Nucleic Acids and Non-Metazoan PCR Improves the Discovery of the Eukaryotic Microbiome in Ticks
Yurie Taya; Gohta Kinoshita; Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Shohei Ogata; Elisha Chatanga; Yuma Ohari; Kodai Kusakisako; Keita Matsuno; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Microorganisms, 9, 5, 1051, 1051, MDPI AG, 2021年05月13日, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Ticks serve as important vectors of a variety of pathogens. Recently, the viral and prokaryotic microbiomes in ticks have been explored using next-generation sequencing to understand the physiology of ticks and their interactions with pathogens. However, analyses of eukaryotic communities in ticks are limited, owing to the lack of suitable methods. In this study, we developed new methods to selectively amplify microeukaryote genes in tick-derived DNA by blocking the amplification of the 18S rRNA gene of ticks using artificial nucleic acids: peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) and locked nucleic acids (LNAs). In addition, another PCR using non-metazoan primers, referred to as UNonMet-PCR, was performed for comparison. We performed each PCR using tick-derived DNA and sequenced the amplicons using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Almost all sequences obtained by conventional PCR were derived from ticks, whereas the proportion of microeukaryotic reads and alpha diversity increased upon using the newly developed method. Additionally, the PNA- or LNA-based methods were suitable for paneukaryotic analyses, whereas the UNonMet-PCR method was particularly sensitive to fungi. The newly described methods enable analyses of the eukaryotic microbiome in ticks. We expect the application of these methods to improve our understanding of the tick microbiome.

Application of a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Ascaris suum DNA in the liver of experimentally infected chickens.
Yen Thi Hoang Nguyen; Nariaki Nonaka; Haruhiko Maruyama; Ayako Yoshida
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 83, 4, 671, 674, 2021年04月09日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, This study aimed to evaluate the sampling method for the detection of Ascaris suum larval DNA in chicken livers using real-time PCR. Chickens were inoculated with A. suum eggs of a single dose (Group A) or repeatedly low doses (Group B). White spots (WSs) were continuously observed on liver from day 3 after the last infection in Group B and day 14 in Group A. In Group A, larval DNA was detected in WS lesions (78.6%) at a significantly higher rate than in the remaining tissue samples (31.3%). In conclusion, applying WS lesions to the assay improved the detection rate of A. suum DNA in chicken livers, especially in the case of a single infection.

Characterization of microRNAs expressed in the cystic legion of the liver of Mus musculus perorally infected with Echinococcus multilocularis Nemuro strain
Yuhei Imasato; Ryo Nakao; Takao Irie; Hirokazu Kouguchi; Kinpei Yagi; Nonaka Nariaki; Ken Katakura
Parasitology International, 81, 102247, 102247, Elsevier BV, 2021年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Genetic diversity and population structure analyses based on microsatellite DNA of parthenogenetic Fasciola flukes obtained from cattle and sika deer in Japan
Yuma Ohari; Kayoko Matsuo; Ayako Yoshida; Nariaki Nonaka; Hiroshi Sato; Tadashi Itagaki
Parasitology Research, 120, 4, 1341, 1350, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Understanding the population structure of Fasciola flukes in domestic and wild animals is important for determining the extent of cross-infection between them. Although the parthenogenetic Fasciola flukes in Japan have been shown to comprise five genetic types based on the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) regions, these genetic regions are not suitable for analyzing their population structure. In the present study, the genetic diversity and population structure of the parthenogenetic Fasciola flukes in Japan were studied using microsatellite DNA, ITS1, and nad1 regions. A total of 144 parthenogenetic Fasciola flukes, obtained from cattle and sika deer in 16 localities, were individually analyzed using PCR-RFLP for ITS1, PCR-direct sequence analysis for nad1, and post-labeling PCR and capillary electrophoresis for microsatellite DNA regions. The flukes showed higher genetic diversity in the microsatellite DNA regions than ITS1 and nad1. The population structures of parthenogenetic Fasciola flukes were unclear, however, it was suggested that the flukes are more diverse populations. We hypothesized that their distribution throughout Japan is closely related to livestock movement dependent on human activity. Moreover, it is considered that cross-infection of the flukes between cattle and sika deer possibly has occurred in the past.

Application of a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Ascaris suum DNA in the liver of experimentally infected chickens
Yen Thi Hoang Nguyen; Nariaki Nonaka; Haruhiko Maruyama; Ayako Yoshida
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 83, 4, 671, 674, 2021年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, This study aimed to evaluate the sampling method for the detection of Ascaris suum larval DNA in chicken livers using real-time PCR. Chickens were inoculated with A. suum eggs of a single dose (Group A) or repeatedly low doses (Group B). White spots (WSs) were continuously observed on liver from day 3 after the last infection in Group B and day 14 in Group A. In Group A, larval DNA was detected in WS lesions (78.6%) at a significantly higher rate than in the remaining tissue samples (31.3%). In conclusion, applying WS lesions to the assay improved the detection rate of A. suum DNA in chicken livers, especially in the case of a single infection.

Exploring Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microbiomes Helps in Detecting Tick-Borne Infectious Agents in the Blood of Camels
Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Alsagher O. Ali; Hassan Y. A. H. Mahmoud; Mosaab A. Omar; Elisha Chatanga; Bashir Salim; Doaa Naguib; Jason L. Anders; Nariaki Nonaka; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Ryo Nakao
Pathogens, 10, 3, 351, 351, MDPI AG, 2021年03月16日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) are widely distributed in Africa, the Middle East and northern India. In this study, we aimed to detect tick-borne pathogens through investigating prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms in camel blood based on a metagenomic approach and then to characterize potentially pathogenic organisms using traditional molecular techniques. We showed that the bacteria circulating in the blood of camels is dominated by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. At the genus level, Sediminibacterium, Hydrotalea, Bradyrhizobium and Anaplasma were the most abundant taxa. Eukaryotic profile was dominated by Fungi, Charophyta and Apicomplexa. At the genus level, Theileria was detected in 10 out of 18 samples, while Sarcocystis, Hoplorhynchus and Stylocephalus were detected in one sample each. Our metagenomic approach was successful in the detection of several pathogens or potential pathogens including Anaplasma sp., Theileria ovis, Th. separata, Th. annulate, Th. mutans-like and uncharacterized Theileria sp. For further characterization, we provided the partial sequences of citrate synthase (gltA) and heat-shock protein (groEL) genes of Candidatus Anaplasma camelii. We also detected Trypanosoma evansi type A using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region. This combined metagenomic and traditional approach will contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology of pathogens including tick-borne bacteria and protozoa in animals.

Metagenomic identification, sequencing, and genome analysis of porcine hepe-astroviruses (bastroviruses) in porcine feces in Japan.
Makoto Nagai; Tamaki Okabayashi; Masataka Akagami; Aya Matsuu; Yoshikazu Fujimoto; Md Abul Hashem; Hirohisa Mekata; Ryo Nakao; Keita Matsuno; Yukie Katayama; Mami Oba; Tsutomu Omatsu; Tetsuo Asai; Keisuke Nakagawa; Hiroshi Ito; Hiroo Madarame; Kazuhiro Kawai; Toshihiro Ito; Nariaki Nonaka; Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara; Yasuo Inoshima; Tetsuya Mizutani; Naoaki Misawa
Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in infectious diseases, 88, 104664, 104664, 2021年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Recently, hepe-astrovirus-like RNA viruses named bastroviruses (BastVs), have been found in human, pig, bat, and rat fecal samples. In this study, we determined nearly complete genome sequences of four BastVs in the feces of healthy pigs. Genetic characterization revealed that these porcine BastVs (PBastVs) and BastVs from other animals including humans, had the same genome organization, that is, they contained three predicted conserved domains of viral methyltransferase, RNA helicase, and RdRp in the nonstructural ORF1 and the astrovirus capsid domain in the structural ORF2. Phylogenetic analyses using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the capsid region revealed that PBastVs branched with bat and rat BastVs; however, the groups formed by each host were distantly related to human BastVs. Pairwise amino acid sequence comparison demonstrated that PBastVs shared 95.2-98.6% and 76.1-95.5% sequence identity among each other in the ORF1 and ORF2 regions, respectively; the sequence identities between PBastVs and BastVs from other animals were 21.4-42.5% and 9.1-20.6% in the ORF1 and ORF2 regions, respectively. This suggested that BastVs were derived from a common ancestor but evolved independently in each host population during a prolonged period. Putative recombination events were identified in the PBastV genome, suggesting that PBastVs gain sequence diversity and flexibility through recombination events. In an analysis of previously obtained metagenomic data, PBastV sequence reads were detected in 7.3% (23/315) of fecal samples from pigs indicating that PBastVs are distributed among pig populations in Japan.

Molecular identification and genetic characterization of tick-borne pathogens in sheep and goats at two farms in the central and southern regions of Malawi
Elisha Chatanga; Henson Kainga; Emmanuel Maganga; Kyoko Hayashida; Ken Katakura; Chihiro Sugimoto; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 12, 2, 101629, 101629, Elsevier BV, 2021年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) caused by pathogens belonging to the genera Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Babesia and Theileria in small ruminants are widespread in the tropical and sub-tropical countries. The epidemiology of tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in small ruminants is less understood compared to those infecting cattle in general. This study was carried out to investigate and characterize TBPs in sheep and goats using molecular tools. A total of 107 blood samples from sheep (n = 8) and goats (n = 99) were collected from animals that were apparently healthy from two farms in the central and the southern regions of Malawi. The V4 hypervariable region of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) and the V1 hypervariable region of the 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used for detection of tick-borne piroplasms and Anaplasmataceae, respectively. Almost the full-length 18S rDNA and the heat shock protein (groEL) gene sequences were used for genetic characterization of the piroplasms and Anaplasmataceae, respectively. The results showed that 76.6 % of the examined animals (n = 107) were positive for at least one TBP. The overall co-infection with at least two TBPs was observed in forty-eight animals (45 %). The detected TBPs were Anaplasma ovis (65 %), Ehrlichia ruminantium (4%), Ehrlichia canis (2%), Babesia strain closely related to Babesia gibsoni (1%), Theileria ovis (52 %), Theileria mutans (3%), Theileria separata (2%), Anaplasma sp. (1%) and Theileria sp. strain MSD-like (17 %). To the authors knowledge this is the first molecular study of TBPs in sheep and goats in Malawi. These results have therefore provided a significant milestone in the knowledge of occurrence of TBPs in sheep and goats in Malawi, which is prerequisite to proper diagnosis and control.

Metagenomic identification, sequencing, and genome analysis of porcine hepe-astroviruses (bastroviruses) in porcine feces in Japan
Makoto Nagai; Tamaki Okabayashi; Masataka Akagami; Aya Matsuu; Yoshikazu Fujimoto; Md Abul Hashem; Hirohisa Mekata; Ryo Nakao; Keita Matsuno; Yukie Katayama; Mami Oba; Tsutomu Omatsu; Tetsuo Asai; Keisuke Nakagawa; Hiroshi Ito; Hiroo Madarame; Kazuhiro Kawai; Toshihiro Ito; Nariaki Nonaka; Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara; Yasuo Inoshima; Tetsuya Mizutani; Naoaki Misawa
Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 88, 104664, 104664, Elsevier BV, 2021年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Recently, hepe-astrovirus-like RNA viruses named bastroviruses (BastVs), have been found in human, pig, bat, and rat fecal samples. In this study, we determined nearly complete genome sequences of four BastVs in the feces of healthy pigs. Genetic characterization revealed that these porcine BastVs (PBastVs) and BastVs from other animals including humans, had the same genome organization, that is, they contained three predicted conserved domains of viral methyltransferase, RNA helicase, and RdRp in the nonstructural ORF1 and the astrovirus capsid domain in the structural ORF2. Phylogenetic analyses using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the capsid region revealed that PBastVs branched with bat and rat BastVs; however, the groups formed by each host were distantly related to human BastVs. Pairwise amino acid sequence comparison demonstrated that PBastVs shared 95.2-98.6% and 76.1-95.5% sequence identity among each other in the ORF1 and ORF2 regions, respectively; the sequence identities between PBastVs and BastVs from other animals were 21.4-42.5% and 9.1-20.6% in the ORF1 and ORF2 regions, respectively. This suggested that BastVs were derived from a common ancestor but evolved independently in each host population during a prolonged period. Putative recombination events were identified in the PBastV genome, suggesting that PBastVs gain sequence diversity and flexibility through recombination events. In an analysis of previously obtained metagenomic data, PBastV sequence reads were detected in 7.3% (23/315) of fecal samples from pigs indicating that PBastVs are distributed among pig populations in Japan.

Spiroplasma Infection among Ixodid Ticks Exhibits Species Dependence and Suggests a Vertical Pattern of Transmission
Shohei Ogata; Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Kodai Kusakisako; May June Thu; Yongjin Qiu; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Keita Matsuno; Ken Katakura; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Microorganisms, 9, 2, 333, 333, MDPI AG, 2021年02月08日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Members of the genus Spiroplasma are Gram-positive bacteria without cell walls. Some Spiroplasma species can cause disease in arthropods such as bees, whereas others provide their host with resistance to pathogens. Ticks also harbour Spiroplasma, but their role has not been elucidated yet. Here, the infection status and genetic diversity of Spiroplasma in ticks were investigated using samples collected from different geographic regions in Japan. A total of 712 ticks were tested for Spiroplasma infection by PCR targeting 16S rDNA, and Spiroplasma species were genetically characterized based on 16S rDNA, ITS, dnaA, and rpoB gene sequences. A total of 109 samples originating from eight tick species were positive for Spiroplasma infection, with infection rates ranging from 0% to 84% depending on the species. A linear mixed model indicated that tick species was the primary factor associated with Spiroplasma infection. Moreover, certain Spiroplasma alleles that are highly adapted to specific tick species may explain the high infection rates in Ixodes ovatus and Haemaphysalis kitaokai. A comparison of the alleles obtained suggests that horizontal transmission between tick species may not be a frequent event. These findings provide clues to understand the transmission cycle of Spiroplasma species in wild tick populations and their roles in host ticks.

Amblyomma testudinarium infestation on a brown bear (Ursus arctos yesoensis) captured in Hokkaido, a northern island of Japan
Ryo Nakao; Kohei Shinjo; Tomoki Sakiyama; Shohei Ogata; Kodai Kusakisako; Gohta Kinoshita; Doaa Naguib; Elisha Chatanga; Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Keita Matsuno; Takuya Ito; Nariaki Nonaka; Mariko Sashika; Toshio Tsubota; Michito Shimozuru
Parasitology International, 80, 102209, 102209, Elsevier BV, 2021年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The tick Amblyomma testudinarium Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) is known as a vector of several pathogens such as Rickettsia tamurae and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus. This tick species is present in many Asian countries, including Japan, where its distribution is limited to the warm areas of Kanto region and the southwestern region. The present study reports the recovery of a partially engorged A. testudinarium from a wild brown bear captured in Shari town, Hokkaido. In addition to morphological identification, the specimen was genetically characterized by the complete mitochondrial genome sequencing. The results showed that the length of the obtained mitogenome is 14,835 bp that encodes 13 protein-coding, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) (12S and 16S), and 22 transfer RNA genes with two non-coding control regions. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that our sample clustered with A. testudinarium from Nara, Japan, but separated from A. testudinarium from China. Although the introduction of the tick through livestock transportation cannot be ruled out, the detection of A. testudinarium in Hokkaido prefecture, which is separated from the main island where A. testudinarium is present in the south, may suggest the introduction by migratory birds. This study provides important insights on the distribution and host range of A. testudinarium. This will be useful for the future taxonomic analysis of ticks based on the complete mitogenome sequencing. To our knowledge, this is the northernmost detection point of the tropical tick A. testudinarium.

Anthropogenic interferences lead to gut microbiome dysbiosis in Asian elephants and may alter adaptation processes to surrounding environments.
Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Hla Myet Chel; May June Thu; Saw Bawm; Lat Lat Htun; Mar Mar Win; Zaw Min Oo; Natsuo Ohsawa; Mirkka Lahdenperä; Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; Kimihito Ito; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Ken Katakura
Scientific reports, 11, 1, 741, 741, 2021年01月12日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Human activities interfere with wild animals and lead to the loss of many animal populations. Therefore, efforts have been made to understand how wildlife can rebound from anthropogenic disturbances. An essential mechanism to adapt to environmental and social changes is the fluctuations in the host gut microbiome. Here we give a comprehensive description of anthropogenically induced microbiome alterations in Asian elephants (n = 30). We detected gut microbial changes due to overseas translocation, captivity and deworming. We found that microbes belonging to Planococcaceae had the highest contribution in the microbiome alterations after translocation, while Clostridiaceae, Spirochaetaceae and Bacteroidia were the most affected after captivity. However, deworming significantly changed the abundance of Flavobacteriaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Weeksellaceae and Burkholderiaceae. These findings may provide fundamental ideas to help guide the preservation tactics and probiotic replacement therapies of a dysbiosed gut microbiome in Asian elephants. More generally, these results show the severity of anthropogenic activities at the level of gut microbiome, altering the adaptation processes to new environments and the subsequent capability to maintain normal physiological processes in animals.

Molecular detection and characterization of tick-borne hemoparasites and Anaplasmataceae in dogs in major cities of Malawi
Elisha Chatanga; Henson Kainga; Tinotenda Razemba; Richard Ssuna; Lieza Swennen; Kyoko Hayashida; Chihiro Sugimoto; Ken Katakura; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Parasitology Research, 120, 1, 267, 276, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in dogs have attracted much attention over the last decade since some are now known to be zoonotic and pose a threat to both animal and human health sectors. Despite the increase in the number of studies on canine TBPs worldwide, only a few studies have been conducted in resource-limited countries where research priority is given to food animals than companion animals. In the present study, the occurrence of TBPs of the genera Babesia, Hepatozoon, Anaplasma, and Ehrlichia was investigated in 209 owned and stray dogs in three major cities in Malawi through molecular techniques. Among the examined dogs, 93 (44.5%) were infected with at least one TBP. The detection rates were 23.1% for Babesia rossi, 2.9% for B. vogeli, 19.1% for Hepatozoon canis, 2.4% for Anaplasma platys, and 3.8% for Ehrlichia canis. This is the first molecular study that has provided evidence that dogs in Malawi are infected with TBPs. Sensitization is required for veterinary practitioners, dog handlers, and pet owners as the detected pathogens affect the animals' wellbeing. Further studies focusing on rural areas with limited or no access to veterinary care are required to ascertain the extent of the TBP infection in dogs.

Detection and molecular identification of Leucocytozoon and Plasmodium species from village chickens in different areas of Myanmar
Shwe Yee Win; Hla Myet Chel; Myint Myint Hmoon; Lat Lat Htun; Saw Bawm; Mar Mar Win; Shiro Murata; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao; Ken Katakura
Acta Tropica, 212, 105719, 105719, Elsevier BV, 2020年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Village chicken production, a traditional, small-scale, and extensive backyard poultry industry, has been profitable for local farmers in Myanmar. However, there is scanty information available concerning the infection of these chickens with avian pathogens, including haemoprotozoan parasites. In the present study, we provide the first report of microscopic detection and molecular identification of Leucocytozoon and Plasmodium parasites from seven different areas of Myanmar. Leucocytozoon gametocytes were detected in 17.6% (81/461) of the blood smears from village chickens. The nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for targeting Leucocytozoon mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) genes had a 17.6% positive rate. Although the positive rate of nested PCR targeting Plasmodium/Haemoproteus cyt b was 34.3%, the PCR protocol was observed to possibly amplify DNA of a certain species of Leucocytozoon. There were no obvious clinical signs in the infected birds. Statistical analysis of the microscopic detection and PCR detection rates using the age and sex of birds as internal factors revealed that the statistical significances differed according to the study area. The sequencing of 32 PCR products obtained from each study area revealed infection by Leucocytozoon caulleryi in three birds, Leucocytozoon sabrazesi in two birds, Leucocytozoon schoutedeni in two birds, Leucocytozoon sp. in eighteen birds, and Plasmodium juxtanucleare in seven birds; however, Haemoproteus infection was not detected. While L. sabrazesi was detected in chickens from the central region of Myanmar, the other haemosporidians were detected in those from different areas. In the haplotype analysis, we detected 17 haemosporidian cyt b haplotypes, including two for L. caulleryi, one for L. sabrazesi, two for L. schoutedeni, nine for Leucocytozoon sp., and three for P. juxtanucleare. Phylogenetic analysis of the cyt b haplotypes revealed a considerably close genetic relationship among chicken haemosporidians detected in Myanmar, Thailand, and Malaysia. These results indicate that well-recognized widespread species of chicken Leucocytozoon and Plasmodium are distributed nationwide in Myanmar, providing new insights into the ecosystem and control strategies of haemosporidian parasites in domesticated chickens in Myanmar.

フタトゲチマダニ由来カタラーゼ遺伝子の同定ならびに組換え体を用いた抗酸化活性の検証
草木迫浩大; 中尾亮; 田仲哲也; 野中成晃
衛生動物, 71, 2, 113, 113, 日本衛生動物学会, 2020年06月, ［査読有り］
日本語

ナイロンメッシュの利用による膵蛭類の虫卵検査法の改善とそれを利用した駆虫試験
坂口浩平; 坂口浩平; GAN Tiantian; 船倉栄; 新田芳樹; 新田芳樹; 昌子暢賢; 昌子暢賢; 山本裕子; 山本裕子; 酒井博史; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃; 野中成晃
獣医寄生虫学会誌, 19, 1, 30, 39, 2020年06月, ［査読有り］, ［責任著者］
日本語

Bacterial and protozoan pathogens/symbionts in ticks infecting wild grasscutters (Thryonomys swinderianus) in Ghana
Christopher Adenyo; Kenji Ohya; Yongjin Qiu; Yasuhiro Takashima; Hirohito Ogawa; Tateki Matsumoto; May June Thu; Kozue Sato; Hiroki Kawabata; Yukie Katayama; Tsutomu Omatsu; Tetsuya Mizutani; Hideto Fukushi; Ken Katakura; Narikaki Nonaka; Miho Inoue-Murayama; Boniface Kayang; Ryo Nakao
Acta Tropica, 205, 105388, 105388, Elsevier BV, 2020年05月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Genetic Diversity and Sequence Polymorphism of Two Genes Encoding Theileria parva Antigens Recognized by CD8+ T Cells among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Cattle in Malawi
Elisha Chatanga; Kyoko Hayashida; Walter Muleya; Kodai Kusakisako; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Bashir Salim; Ken Katakura; Chihiro Sugimoto; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Pathogens, 9, 5, 334, 334, MDPI AG, 2020年04月30日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, East Coast fever (ECF) is an acute fatal tick-borne disease of cattle caused by Theileria parva. It causes major losses in exotic and crossbreed cattle, but this could be prevented by a vaccine of T. parva if the vaccine is selected properly based on information from molecular epidemiology studies. The Muguga cocktail (MC) vaccine (Muguga, Kiambu 5 and Serengeti-transformed strains) has been used on exotic and crossbreed cattle. A total of 254 T. parva samples from vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle were used to understand the genetic diversity of T. parva in Malawi using partial sequences of the Tp1 and Tp2 genes encoding T. parva CD8+ antigens, known to be immunodominant and current candidate antigens for a subunit vaccine. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were observed at 14 positions (3.65%) in Tp1 and 156 positions (33.12%) in Tp2, plus short deletions in Tp1, resulting in 6 and 10 amino acid variants in the Tp1 and Tp2 genes, respectively. Most sequences were either identical or similar to T. parva Muguga and Kiambu 5 strains. This may suggest the possible expansion of vaccine components into unvaccinated cattle, or that a very similar genotype already existed in Malawi. This study provides information that support the use of MC to control ECF in Malawi.

Establishment of a serodiagnosis system for the detection of Toxocara spp. and Ascaris suum infection in chickens.
Yen Thi Hoang Nguyen; Yayoi Hayata; Shino Sonoda; Nariaki Nonaka; Haruhiko Maruyama; Ayako Yoshida
Parasitology international, 75, 102022, 102022, 2020年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Chickens are considered to act as paratenic hosts for agents, Toxocara canis, T. cati and Ascaris suum; which cause ascarid larva migrans syndrome (ascarid LMS) in humans. In addition, they are the definitive host for Ascaridia galli, considered not to be infective for humans. All ascarid parasites can have a high homology of antigenicity, leading to cross-reactivity in serodiagnostic assays. This study was conducted to establish a procedure for the serological detection of those roundworm infections in chickens. Twenty-five male Julia chickens were divided into five groups (n = 5); T. canis-, T. cati-, Ascaris suum- and Ascaridia galli-infected, and an uninfected control group. In Ascaris suum-soluble worm antigen preparation (As-SWAP) ELISA, all infected groups showed an elevation of anti-ascarid antibodies, indicating the usefulness of As-SWAP as a screening antigen for the detection of ascarid infections. For infecting species identification, T. canis-excretory/secretory (Tc-ES) and Ascaris suum-ES (As-ES) antigen ELISA were conducted by serial dilution sera. Toxocara spp.-infected sera showed stronger binding to Tc-ES than As-ES, while Ascaris suum and Ascaridia galli-infected sera bound to As-ES more strongly than Tc-ES. To discriminate between Ascaris suum and Ascaridia galli infection, sera were pre-incubated with Ascaridia galli-SWAP antigen and applied to Tc-ES and As-ES ELISAs. In this pre-adsorbed ES antigen ELISAs, only the Ascaris suum infected group showed positive binding to As-ES, resulting from the adsorption of cross-reactive antibodies in Ascaridia galli-infected sera. Finally, anti-Toxocara specific antibodies were confirmed by Tc-ES western blot (WB). Toxocara spp.-infected sera showed toxocariasis-specific band pattern in Tc-ES WB, while no specific band appeared on any strip incubated with Ascaris suum, Ascaridia galli-infected and uninfected sera. In conclusion, the serodiagnostic assays evaluated in this study are useful for the detection of ascarid infections in chickens.

First record and analysis of the COI gene of Cobboldia elephantis obtained from a captive Asian elephant from Myanmar.
Hla Myet Chel; Ryo Nakao; Natsuo Ohsawa; Zaw Min Oo; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura
Parasitology international, 75, 102035, 102035, 2020年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The stomach bot fly species in Asian elephants has long been known as Cobboldia elephantis. However, there is no genetic information available for this species to date. Here, we report that a third-instar fly larva was excreted from a captive Asian elephant four months after export from an elephant camp in Myanmar to a zoological garden in Japan. Morphological characteristics of the larva were coincident with published descriptions of C. elephantis. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was amplified from the larva by PCR using primers modified from those designed for DNA barcoding of insects and amphibians. The COI gene of C. elephantis showed 76.6 % and 83.6 % identity at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively, to that of C. loxodontis, the stomach bot fly species in African elephants. Phylogenetic analysis of the COI genes of several stomach bot fly species revealed that the two Cobboldia species formed a clade separate from the stomach bot fly species found in rhinoceros and equids.

Adult worm exclusion and histological data of dogs repeatedly infected with the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis
Hirokazu Kouguchi; Hidefumi Furuoka; Takao Irie; Jun Matsumoto; Ryo Nakao; Nariaki Nonaka; Yasuyuki Morishima; Kazuhiro Okubo; Kinpei Yagi
Data in Brief, 29, 105353, 105353, Elsevier BV, 2020年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Morphological and molecular identification of cyathostomine gastrointestinal nematodes of Murshidia and Quilonia species from Asian elephants in Myanmar
Hla Myet Chel; Takashi Iwaki; Myint Myint Hmoon; Yu Nandi Thaw; Nyein Chan Soe; Shwe Yee Win; Saw Bawm; Lat Lat Htun; Mar Mar Win; Zaw Min Oo; Md Abdul Masum; Osamu Ichii; Ryo Nakao; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, 11, 294, 301, Elsevier BV, 2020年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

First record and analysis of the COI gene of Cobboldia elephantis obtained from a captive Asian elephant from Myanmar
Hla Myet Chel; Ryo Nakao; Natsuo Ohsawa; Zaw Min Oo; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura
Parasitology International, 75, 102035, 102035, Elsevier BV, 2020年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The stomach bot fly species in Asian elephants has long been known as Cobboldia elephantis. However, there is no genetic information available for this species to date. Here, we report that a third-instar fly larva was excreted from a captive Asian elephant four months after export from an elephant camp in Myanmar to a zoological garden in Japan. Morphological characteristics of the larva were coincident with published descriptions of C. elephantis. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was amplified from the larva by PCR using primers modified from those designed for DNA barcoding of insects and amphibians. The COI gene of C. elephantis showed 76.6 % and 83.6 % identity at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively, to that of C. loxodontis, the stomach bot fly species in African elephants. Phylogenetic analysis of the COI genes of several stomach bot fly species revealed that the two Cobboldia species formed a clade separate from the stomach bot fly species found in rhinoceros and equids.

Establishment of a serodiagnosis system for the detection of Toxocara spp. and Ascaris suum infection in chickens
Yen Thi Hoang Nguyen; Yayoi Hayata; Shino Sonoda; Nariaki Nonaka; Haruhiko Maruyama; Ayako Yoshida
Parasitology International, 75, 102022, 102022, Elsevier BV, 2020年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Chickens are considered to act as paratenic hosts for agents, Toxocara canis, T. cati and Ascaris suum; which cause ascarid larva migrans syndrome (ascarid LMS) in humans. In addition, they are the definitive host for Ascaridia galli, considered not to be infective for humans. All ascarid parasites can have a high homology of antigenicity, leading to cross-reactivity in serodiagnostic assays. This study was conducted to establish a procedure for the serological detection of those roundworm infections in chickens. Twenty-five male Julia chickens were divided into five groups (n = 5); T. canis-, T. cati-, Ascaris suum- and Ascaridia galli-infected, and an uninfected control group. In Ascaris suum-soluble worm antigen preparation (As-SWAP) ELISA, all infected groups showed an elevation of anti-ascarid antibodies, indicating the usefulness of As-SWAP as a screening antigen for the detection of ascarid infections. For infecting species identification, T. canis-excretory/secretory (Tc-ES) and Ascaris suum-ES (As-ES) antigen ELISA were conducted by serial dilution sera. Toxocara spp.-infected sera showed stronger binding to Tc-ES than As-ES, while Ascaris suum and Ascaridia galli-infected sera bound to As-ES more strongly than Tc-ES. To discriminate between Ascaris suum and Ascaridia galli infection, sera were pre-incubated with Ascaridia galli-SWAP antigen and applied to Tc-ES and As-ES ELISAs. In this pre-adsorbed ES antigen ELISAs, only the Ascaris suum infected group showed positive binding to As-ES, resulting from the adsorption of cross-reactive antibodies in Ascaridia galli-infected sera. Finally, anti-Toxocara specific antibodies were confirmed by Tc-ES western blot (WB). Toxocara spp.-infected sera showed toxocariasis-specific band pattern in Tc-ES WB, while no specific band appeared on any strip incubated with Ascaris suum, Ascaridia galli-infected and uninfected sera. In conclusion, the serodiagnostic assays evaluated in this study are useful for the detection of ascarid infections in chickens.

First molecular identification of Strongyloides vituli in cattle in Japan and insights into the evolutionary history of Strongyloides parasites of ruminants
Phoo Pwint Ko; Kohei Sakaguchi; Ayako Yoshida; Haruhiko Maruyama; Nariaki Nonaka; Eiji Nagayasu
Parasitology International, 72, 101937, 101937, Elsevier BV, 2019年10月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Traditionally, Strongyloides nematode infecting cattle had been thought to be a single species, S. papillosus. Surprisingly, Eberhardt et al. in 2008 reported two, rather than one Strongyloides species infected cattle, with one being S. papillosus and the other S. vituli. However, there was no subsequent report to support their findings. In July 2018, a case of a sudden death of a calf believed to be due to heavy infection with S. papillosus at a dairy farm in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan, was reported. One month after the initiation of a deworming program to prevent further sudden deaths, fecal specimens from 24 cattle housed in the same barn were examined. Eight samples were positive for Strongyloides eggs. For species determination, the nucleotide sequences of 18S rDNA (small subunit ribosomal DNA gene), rpl-10 (ribosomal protein L10 gene), and mitochondrial (mt) cox1 (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene) were obtained. Typing data for all three marker genes indicated the presence of both species, S. papillosus and S. vituli, in the fecal samples. To our knowledge, this study is the first to support the original report by Eberhardt et al. regarding the sympatric existence of S. papillosus and S. vituli in cattle, and to report the presence of S. vituli in Japan. Interestingly, phylogenetic analyses of both rpl-10 and mt cox1 sequences indicated a closer genetic relationship of S. vituli with S. venezuelensis (Strongyloides of rats) than with S. papillosus, shedding light on the speciation history of Strongyloides nematodes.

Complete Genome Sequence of Rickettsia asiatica Strain Maytaro1284, a Member of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae Isolated from an Ixodes ovatus Tick in Japan
May June Thu; Yongjin Qiu; Junya Yamagishi; Kodai Kusakisako; Shohei Ogata; Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa; Norikazu Isoda; Chihiro Sugimoto; Ken Katakura; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao
Microbiology Resource Announcements, 8, 37, American Society for Microbiology, 2019年09月12日, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, This is the first report of the complete genome sequence of
Rickettsia asiatica
strain Maytaro1284, isolated from an
Ixodes ovatus
tick in Japan. The genome contains a 1,344,324-bp circular chromosome and one plasmid of 74,761 bp. There was no outer membrane protein A (
ompA
) gene encoded in the genome.

X-ray evaluation of intestinal dysmotility induced by Eimeria pragensis infection in C57BL/6 mice.
Riki Siswandi; Ayako Yoshida; Hiroyuki Satoh; Nariaki Nonaka
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 81, 7, 1021, 1028, 2019年07月19日, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, This study was conducted to elucidate the intestinal dysmotility during coccidiosis. C57BL/6 male mice at seven weeks of age were inoculated with Eimeria pragensis sporulated oocysts (100 to 1,000 oocysts). The intestinal motility was evaluated by observing discharging time of barium sulfate (Ba2SO4) after oral administration (WITT: the whole intestinal transit time). The exact location of the dysmotility was analyzed by intermittent barium gastrography. Upper intestinal dysmotility was evaluated by charcoal propulsion study. Additionally, the occurrence of dysmotility was observed at different post-infection times (4, 7, and 14 days post-infection (d.p.i.)) and in infection-dose dependent manner (100, 300, and 1,000 oocysts). As the E. pragensis infected mice had significantly lower feed intake compared to the control group, we designed a feed apprehension study to evaluate the effect of low feed intake on the intestinal dysmotility. The WITT of infected mice at 7 d.p.i. was significantly longer (6 hr) than the uninfected mice (2.5 hr). Intestinal dysmotility was observed in the small intestine, caecum, and colorectum in the infected mice. Charcoal propulsion was slower in infected group (reaching to 40.4% of the whole small intestine) compared to control group (68.0%). The dysmotility was observed at the beginning of the patent period (7 d.p.i.) and subsided as the patency ended (14 d.p.i.). Mice with lower feed intake appeared to have similar intestinal motility as control mice. In summary, this study revealed the evidence of intestinal hypomotility during E. pragensis infection.

Hepatoprotective immune response during Trichinella spiralis infection in mice.
Ayman Samir Farid; Eman Mohamed Fath; Shogo Mido; Nariaki Nonaka; Yoichiro Horii
The Journal of veterinary medical science, 81, 2, 169, 176, 2019年02月09日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Infections with gastrointestinal nematodes provoke immune and inflammatory responses mediated by cytokines released from T-helper type-2 (Th2) cells. Infections with Trichinella species have been reported to differ by the host species. Previously, in rats, we observed acute liver inflammation in response to infection with Trichinella spiralis, and the rat hosts showed a series of biochemical changes characterized by a decrease in serum paraoxonase (PON) 1 activity associated with the down-regulation of hepatic PON1 synthesis. In the present study, we investigated the effect(s) of species differences on the immune response against T. spiralis infection by analyzing serum PON1 activity and the associated inflammatory/anti-inflammatory mediators in mice. There were inconsistent changes in the serum PON1 activity of mice infected with T. spiralis, and these changes were associated with significant increases in the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor α during the enteric phase of the infection, while the levels of IL-5 and interferon γ were significantly increased throughout the entire experimental period. Moreover, T. spiralis infection in mice was associated with little inflammatory cell infiltration in hepatic tissues. Given the zoonotic prevalence of T. spiralis, further mechanistic research in this area is warranted.

Evaluation of the natural vertical transmission of Theileria orientalis
Hirohisa Mekata; Tomoya Minamino; Yoko Mikurino; Mari Yamamoto; Ayako Yoshida; Nariaki Nonaka; Yoichiro Horii
Veterinary Parasitology, 263, 1, 4, Elsevier BV, 2018年11月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Development of nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of Toxocara canis , Toxocara cati and Ascaris suum contamination in meat and organ meats
Zhenzhen Wang; Miho Shibata; Yen Thi Hoang Nguyen; Yayoi Hayata; Nariaki Nonaka; Haruhiko Maruyama; Ayako Yoshida
Parasitology International, 67, 5, 622, 626, Elsevier BV, 2018年10月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Ascarid Larva Migrans Syndrome (ascarid LMS) is a clinical syndrome in humans, caused by the migration of animal roundworm larvae such as Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati and Ascaris suum. Humans may acquire infection by ingesting embryonated eggs, or infective larvae of these parasites in contaminated meat and organ meats. To detect these pathogenic contaminations, a novel nested multiplex PCR system was developed. Our novel nested multiplex PCR assay showed specific amplification of T. canis, T. cati and Ascaris spp. Detection limit of the nested multiplex PCR was tested with serial dilution of T. canis, T. cati or A. suum genomic DNA (gDNA) from 100 pg to 100 ag and found to be 10 fg, 1 fg and 100 fg, respectively. When larvae were spiked into chicken liver tissue, DNA of T. canis and A. suum was detected from the liver spiked with a single larva, while the assay required at least 2 larvae of T. cati. Moreover, the ascarid DNA was detected from the liver of mice infected with 100 and 300 eggs of T. canis, T. cati or A. suum. This nested multiplex PCR assay could be useful for the detection of contamination with ascarid larvae in meat and organ meats.

Avian filariasis in backyard chickens in Japan
Maki Sekiguchi; Nariaki Nonaka; Mamoru Adachi; Tamami Sekiya; Yu Yamamoto
Avian Diseases, 62, 3, 326, 329, 2018年09月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, In May 2017, a hen in a backyard chicken flock in Japan exhibited mild clinical signs, and the bird was examined for diagnosis. Unexpectedly, many microfilariae were observed in the lung by histologic examination, although no adult worms were detected within the body. In a blood test performed in July, microfilaremia was confirmed in a few clinically normal chickens of the same flock. Molecular analysis of the nematode partial 18S ribosomal RNA gene revealed that the gene detected in the lung of the necropsied hen was positioned in the group of the family Onchocercidae in the phylogenetic tree. These data show that avian filarioids that can infect chickens inhabit Japan.

Dembo polymerase chain reaction technique for detection of bovine abortion, diarrhea, and respiratory disease complex infectious agents in potential vectors and reservoirs.
Sayed Samim Rahpaya; Shinobu Tsuchiaka; Mai Kishimoto; Mami Oba; Yukie Katayama; Yuka Nunomura; Saki Kokawa; Takashi Kimura; Atsushi Kobayashi; Yumi Kirino; Tamaki Okabayashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Hirohisa Mekata; Hiroshi Aoki; Mai Shiokawa; Moeko Umetsu; Tatsushi Morita; Ayako Hasebe; Keiko Otsu; Tetsuo Asai; Tomohiro Yamaguchi; Shinji Makino; Yoshiteru Murata; Ahmad Jan Abi; Tsutomu Omatsu; Tetsuya Mizutani
Journal of Veterinary Science, 19, 3, 350, 357, 2018年05月31日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Bovine abortion, diarrhea, and respiratory disease complexes, caused by infectious agents, result in high and significant economic losses for the cattle industry. These pathogens are likely transmitted by various vectors and reservoirs including insects, birds, and rodents. However, experimental data supporting this possibility are scarce. We collected 117 samples and screened them for 44 bovine abortive, diarrheal, and respiratory disease complex pathogens by using Dembo polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is based on TaqMan real-time PCR. Fifty-seven samples were positive for at least one pathogen, including bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine enterovirus, Salmonella enterica ser. Dublin, Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium, and Neospora caninum; some samples were positive for multiple pathogens. Bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine enterovirus were the most frequently detected pathogens, especially in flies, suggesting an important role of flies in the transmission of these viruses. Additionally, we detected the N. caninum genome from a cockroach sample for the first time. Our data suggest that insects (particularly flies), birds, and rodents are potential vectors and reservoirs of abortion, diarrhea, and respiratory infectious agents, and that they may transmit more than one pathogen at the same time.

Hepatoprotective immune response during trichinella spiralis infection in mice
Ayman Samir Farid; Eman Mohamed Fath; Shogo Mido; Nariaki Nonaka; Yoichiro Horii
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 81, 2, 169, 176, Japanese Society of Veterinary Science, 2018年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Development of LAMP assays for the molecular detection of taeniid infection in canine in Tibetan rural area.
Kai Feng; Wei Li; Zhihong Guo; Hong Duo; Yong Fu; Xiuying Shen; Cheng Tie; Rijie E; Changqin Xiao; Yanhong Luo; Guo Qi; Ma Ni; Qingmei Ma; Wataru Yamazaki; Ayako Yoshida; Yoichiro Horii; Kinpei Yagi; Nariaki Nonaka
The Journal of veterinary medical science, 79, 12, 1986, 1993, 2017年12月22日, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, For field-identification of taeniid cestodes in canine animals in Tibetan area, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for Echinococcus multilocularis, E. shiquicus, Taenia hydatigena, T. multiceps, T. pisiformis and T. crassiceps were developed and evaluated along with the reported assay for E. granulosus. The LAMP assays showed specific reaction with their corresponding target species DNA with the detection limit of 1 to 10 pg. Moreover, the assays for E. granulosus, E. multilocularis, T. hydatigena and T. multiceps could detect DNA extracted from 3 or more eggs of their corresponding target species. Then, the LAMP assays were applied on samples containing 3 to 35 taeniid eggs obtained from 61 field-collected canine feces in Qinghai, and the result was compared with a reported multiplex PCR and sequence analysis. The LAMP assays and the PCR detected single species DNA of E. granulosus, E. shiquicus, T. hydatigena and T. multiceps in 5, 2, 44 and 2 samples, respectively. In the rest 8 samples, DNA of both E. granulosus and T. hydatigena were detected by the PCR but the LAMP assays detected those DNAs in 2 samples and only T. hydatigena DNA in 6 samples. It was assumed that less than 3 E. granulosus eggs were mixed in the samples although the samples contained 21 to 27 eggs in total. In conclusion, the LAMP assays were less sensitive than the multiplex PCR, but would have adequate sensitivity for field use in Tibetan area.

IgG antibody development in chickens infected with Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Ascaris suum, and Ascaridia galli by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Yen Thi Hoang Nguyen; Haruhiko Maruyama; Ayako Yoshida; Nariaki Nonaka
Journal of Malaria and Parasitic Disease Control, 102, 6, 9, 17, 2017年12月, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Infection with Paragonimus westermani of boar-hunting dogs in Western Japan maintained via artificial feeding with wild boar meat by hunters.
Takao Irie; Yohei Yamaguchi; Pham Ngoc Doanh; Zhi Hong Guo; Shigehisa Habe; Yoichiro Horii; Nariaki Nonaka
The Journal of veterinary medical science, 79, 8, 1419, 1425, 2017年08月18日, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Infection of boar-hunting dogs with Paragonimus westermani was investigated in Western Japan. Blood and rectal feces were collected from 441 dogs in the three districts (205 in Kinki, 131 in Chugoku and 105 in Shikoku District). In a screening ELISA for serum antibody against P. westermani antigen, 195 dogs (44.2%) showed positive reaction. In the 195 dogs, 8 dogs were found excreting P. westermani eggs after molecular analysis of fecal eggs, and additional 7 were identified serologically for the parasite infection because of their stronger reactivity against P. westermani antigen than against antigens of other species of Paragonimus. A spatial analysis showed that all of the P. westermani infections were found in Kinki and Chugoku Districts. In this area, dogs' experience of being fed with raw boar meat showed high odds ratio (3.35) to the sero-positivity in the screening ELISA, and the frequency of such experiences was significantly higher in sero-positive dogs. While clear relationship was not obtained between predation of boars by dogs during hunting and their sero-positivity. Therefore, it is suggested that human activity of feeding with wild boar meat is the risk factor for P. westermani infection in boar-hunting dogs. Considering that hunting dogs could play as a major definitive host and maintain the present distribution of P. westermani in Western Japan, control measures for the infection in hunting dogs, such as prohibition of raw meat feeding and regular deworming, should be undertaken.

Diagnosis of canine Echinococcus multilocularis infections by copro-DNA tests: comparison of DNA extraction techniques and evaluation of diagnostic deworming
Takao Irie; Takuya Ito; Hirokazu Kouguchi; Kimiaki Yamano; Kohji Uraguchi; Kinpei Yagi; Nariaki Nonaka
Parasitology Research, 116, 8, 2139, 2144, 2017年08月, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Evaluation of real-time PCR assay for the detection of Ascaris suum contamination in meat and organ meats
Yen Thi Hoang Nguyen; Zhenzhen Wang; Haruhiko Maruyama; Yoichiro Horii; Nariaki Nonaka; Ayako Yoshida
Journal of Food Safety, 37, 2, e12301, e12301, Wiley, 2017年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Paraoxonase-1 activity is related toTrichinella spiralis-induced hepatitis in rats
Ayman Samir Farid; Eman Mohamed Fath; Shogo Mido; Nariaki Nonaka; Yoichiro Horii
European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 47, 3, 250, 261, Wiley, 2017年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Molecular identification of the trematode Paragonimus in faecal samples from the wild cat Prionailurus bengalensis in the Da Krong Nature Reserve, Vietnam
P.N. Doanh; H.V. Hien; L.A. Tu; N. Nonaka; Y. Horii; Y. Nawa
Journal of Helminthology, 90, 6, 658, 662, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2016年11月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Conventional identification of Paragonimus species and their natural definitive hosts is based on the morphological features of adult parasites isolated from the lungs of wild mammalian hosts. However, wild animals are protected by strict regulations and sampling is not always possible. Recently, molecular techniques have been developed to identify the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of Paragonimus eggs in faeces/sputum of human patients. Also, mammalian hosts can be identified using the D-loop sequence of mitochondrial DNA in faecal samples. In this study, we used molecular techniques on faeces from wild animals collected in Da Krong Nature Reserve, Quang Tri province, central Vietnam, where Paragonimus metacercariae are highly prevalent in mountain crabs, to identify Paragonimus species and their natural definitive hosts. The results indicated that wild cats, Prionailurus bengalensis, were infected with at least three different Paragonimus species, P. westermani, P. skrjabini and P. heterotremus. Because all of these species can infect humans in Asian countries, human paragonimiasis should be considered in this area.

Molecular and morphological variation of Paragonimus westermani in Vietnam with records of new second intermediate crab hosts and a new locality in a northern province
N. PHAM DOANH; A. LUU TU; T. DUNG BUI; T. HO LOAN; NARIAKI NONAKA; YOICHIRO HORII; DAVID BLAIR; YUKIFUMI NAWA
Parasitology, 143, 12, 1639, 1646, 2016年10月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Eimeria zuernii胞子未形成オーシストの形態学的同定基準についての検討
谷田美和子; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃
獣医寄生虫学会誌, 15, 1, 5, 11, 2016年07月, ［査読有り］, ［責任著者］
日本語

Current status and its epidemiological consideration of Fasciola and Eurytrema infections in beef cattle of Japan.
Jungo Okajima; Kazuhiko Shibata; Eiichi Takahashi; Tsuneyuki Nagafuchi; Kazue Okajima; Nariaki Nonaka
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 78, 5, 785, 90, 2016年06月01日, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, To elucidate current status of fasciolosis and eurytremosis in beef cattle of Japan, inspection data of Tokyo Metropolitan Shibaura Slaughterhouse where beef cattle were shipped from all over Japan were analyzed, and questionnaire to farmers was conducted to assess the relationship between recognition of the disease occurrence in one's own farm and attention to the diseases. The occurrence of fasciolosis and eurytremosis in beef cattle gradually decreased from 18.6% to 0.06% and from 0.58% to 0.02% during the period of 1964 to 2010, respectively. When the current data from 2009 to 2012 were analyzed, the occurrence of fasciolosis was recognized in cattle produced and fattened all over Japan, indicating the disease was prevalent nationwide. While, 97.5% of Eurytrema infection were detected in cattle produced in Okinawa, Shimane and Kagoshima, indicating the disease was endemic in these regions. Higher occurrence (>0.7%) of fasciolosis was observed in minor breeds, such as Japanese Shorthorn. Japanese Black showed 0.09% and 0.05% of occurrence for fasciolosis and eurytremosis, respectively, but F1 crossbred with Japanese Black showed lower occurrence (0.007% and 0.002%, respectively). No tendency of occurrence in the age of cattle at slaughter was recognized, indicating the infections may have occurred at the growing and early fattening stage of cattle. The questionnaire survey revealed that farmers experiencing fasciolosis had more knowledge about the disease, however, factors, such as testing parasite infections and use of anti-Fasciola dewormers, were not affected by the recognition of occurrence.

Campylobacter and Salmonella are prevalent in broiler farms in Kyushu, Japan: results of a 2-year distribution and circulation dynamics audit
W. Yamazaki; R. Uemura; S. Sekiguchi; J.-B. Dong; S. Watanabe; Y. Kirino; H. Mekata; N. Nonaka; J. Norimine; M. Sueyoshi; Y. Goto; Y. Horii; M. Kurogi; S. Yoshino; N. Misawa
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 120, 6, 1711, 1722, Wiley, 2016年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Genetic characterization of Fasciola flukes detected from wild sika deer in Hokkaido, Yamaguchi and Miyazaki prefectures, Japan
OHARI Yuma; Hiroshi SATO; NONAKA Nariaki; MOHANTA Uday Kumar; HAYASHI Kei; ITAGAKI Tadashi
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology, 15, 2, 80, 83, 2016年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

肉用牛における回虫類(犬、猫、豚回虫)とトキソプラズマに対する抗体保有状況
前田 智織; 吉田 彩子; 芝原 政幸; 篠原 京子; 丸山 治彦; 堀井 洋一郎; 野中 成晃
牛臨床寄生虫研究会誌, 6, 1, 10, 11, 牛臨床寄生虫研究会, 2015年12月, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］
日本語

Evaluation of the MGL method to detect Paragonimus eggs and its improvement
Takao Irie; Yohei Yamaguchi; Asako Sumen; Shigehisa Habe; Yoichiro Horii; Nariaki Nonaka
Parasitology Research, 114, 11, 4051, 4058, 2015年11月, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Increase of Clostridium perfringens in association with Eimeria in haemorrhagic enteritis in Japanese beef cattle
Y. Kirino; M. Tanida; H. Hasunuma; T. Kato; T. Irie; Y. Horii; N. Nonaka
Veterinary Record, 177, 8, 202, 202, Wiley, 2015年08月, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Evaluation of the natural perinatal transmission of bovine leukaemia virus
Hirohisa Mekata; Satoshi Sekiguchi; Satoru Konnai; Yumi Kirino; Kazuyuki Honkawa; Nariaki Nonaka; Yoichiro Horii; Junzo Norimine
Veterinary Record, 176, 10, 254, 254, 2015年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

我が国のエキノコックス症と感染源対策
野中成晃
獣医疫学雑誌, 18, 2, 150, 152, The Japan Society of Veterinary Epidemiology, 2014年12月, ［招待有り］
日本語

A comparison of the diet and fine-scale distribution of sympatric Tibetan and red foxes in Qinghai, PR China
Hideharu Tsukada; Wei Li; Hong Duo; Zhihong Guo; Yong Fu; Mao Peng; Xiuying Shen; Jianwu Jing; Aishan Yuan; Ma Ni; Shengde He; Fuqiang Huang; Kai Feng; Keisuke Ishikawa; Ikuo Kobayashi; Akio Shinohara; Nariaki Nonaka
WILDLIFE BIOLOGY, 20, 6, 356, 361, 2014年12月, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Where to deliver baits for deworming urban red foxes for Echinococcus multilocularis control: new protocol for micro-habitat modeling of fox denning requirements.
Takako Ikeda; Masashi Yoshimura; Keiichi Onoyama; Yuzaburo Oku; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura
Parasites & vectors, 7, 357, 357, 2014年08月06日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Deworming wild foxes by baiting with the anthelmintic praziquantel is being established as a preventive technique against environmental contamination with Echinococcus multilocularis eggs. Improvement of the cost-benefit performance of baiting treatment is required urgently to raise and maintain the efficacy of deworming. We established a spatial model of den site selection by urban red foxes, the definitive host, to specify the optimal micro-habitats for delivering baits in a new modeling approach modified for urban fox populations. METHODS: The model was established for two cities (Obihiro and Sapporo) in Hokkaido, Japan, in which a sylvatic cycle of E. multilocularis is maintained. The two cities have different degrees of urbanization. The modeling process was designed to detect the best combination of key environmental factors and spatial scale that foxes pay attention to most (here named 'heeding range') when they select den sites. All possible models were generated using logistic regression analysis, with "presence" or "absence" of fox den as the objective variable, and nine landscape categories customized for urban environments as predictor variables to detect the best subset of predictors. This procedure was conducted for each of ten sizes of concentric circles from dens and control points to detect the best circle size. Out of all models generated, the most parsimonious model was selected using Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) inspection. RESULTS: Our models suggest that fox dens in Obihiro are located at the center of a circle with 500 m radius including low percentages of wide roads, narrow roads, and occupied buildings, but high percentages of green covered areas; the dens in Sapporo within 300 m radius with low percentages of wide roads, occupied buildings, but high percentages of riverbeds and green covered areas. The variation of the models suggests the necessity of accumulating models for various types of cities in order to reveal the patterns of the model. CONCLUSIONS: Our denning models indicating suitable sites for delivering baits will improve the cost-benefit performance of the campaign. Our modeling protocol is suitable for the urban landscapes, and for extracting the heeding range when they select the den sites.

An epidemiological study of Hypoderma infection and control using ivermectin in yaks in Qinghai Province, China.
Wei Li; Yong Fu; Hong Duo; Zhihong Guo; Xiuying Shen; Fuqiang Huang; Kai Feng; Zhisheng Dang; Peng Mao; Fang Wang; Tetsuo Nasu; Nariaki Nonaka
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 76, 2, 183, 8, 2014年03月01日, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The prevalence of Hypoderma spp. in yaks grazed in the east of Qinghai province was investigated in 2008. In this area, the prevalence in young yaks (1- to 3-year-old) was very high at 82.2-98.7%, whilst in adult yaks (4-year-old and older), the prevalence was 42.4-50.6%. The seasonal development and migration pattern of Hypoderma larvae in yak bodies was found to be similar for different locations in this area. The numbers of first, second and third instar larvae detected in yak bodies peaked in October, December and March, respectively. Different doses of ivermectin (125 to 500 µg/kg body weight) almost completely dewormed the larvae from yaks, suggesting that using a quarter of the prescribed dose (500 µg/kg body weight) was effective. In October of each year between 2009 and 2012, ivermectin (125 µg/kg body weight) was administered to a total of 562,995 yaks grazed in four counties in Qinghai province, and the pevalence of Hypoderma larval infection in yaks was reduced to 0.5-1.0%.

Epidemiological study and control trial of taeniid cestode infection in farm dogs in Qinghai Province, China.
Zhihong Guo; Wei Li; Mao Peng; Hong Duo; Xiuying Shen; Yong Fu; Takao Irie; Tiantian Gan; Yumi Kirino; Tetsuo Nasu; Yoichiro Horii; Nariaki Nonaka
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 76, 3, 395, 400, 2014年03月, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者, 責任著者］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, An epidemiological study and control trial were conducted to assess taeniid infection in farm dogs in Qinghai Province, China. To improve egg detection by fecal examination, a deworming step with praziquantel was incorporated into the sampling methodology. As a result, a marked increase in the number of egg-positive samples was observed in samples collected at 24 hr after deworming. Then, the fecal examination and barcoding of egg DNA were performed to assess the prevalence of taeniid species in dogs from Xinghai, Haiyan, Gangcha and Chengduo counties. Analysis of 277 dog feces revealed that taeniid cestodes, including Taenia spp. and Echinococcus granulosus, were highly prevalent in Xinghai (34.4%), but eggs were not found in Haiyan where a control trial on canine echinococcosis had been conducted 20 years previously. A control trial involving the administration of 5-10 mg/kg praziquantel to 90 farm dogs at 45-day intervals was conducted in Xinghai. The prevalence of taeniid cestodes in the dogs was reduced to 9.6% and 4.9% after one and two years, respectively, indicating that some dogs were not administered praziquantel properly. A questionnaire survey of farmers in Xinghai and Haiyan revealed that most farmers in Xinghai were not familiar with echinococcosis or the transmission route of the disease, while most farmers in Haiyan had a more thorough understanding of the disease. The findings implied that a program for educating local farmers would be important for efficiently controlling canine taeniid infection in the region.

黒毛和種子牛における溷晴虫症の一例
林淳; 郭志宏; 野中成晃; 永延清和
家畜診療, 61, 3, 165, 168, 全国農業共済協会, 2014年03月, ［査読有り］
日本語

コクシジウム症の病態解析へのアプローチ
野中 成晃; 桐野 有美; 國澤 明日加; 谷田 美和子; 坂口 奈緒; 上村 涼子; 蓮沼 浩; 加藤 敏英; 丸山 治彦; 堀井 洋一郎
牛臨床寄生虫研究会誌, 4, 1, 20, 20, 牛臨床寄生虫研究会, 2014年02月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者］
日本語

An Epidemiological Study of Hypoderma Infection and Control Using Ivermectin in Yaks in Qinghai Province, China
Wei LI; Yong FU; Hong DUO; Zhihong GUO; Xiuying SHEN; Fuqiang HUANG; Kai FENG; Zhisheng DANG; Peng MAO; Fang WANG; Tetsuo NASU; Nariaki NONAKA
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 76, 2, 183, 188, 2014年, ［査読有り］, ［責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Epidemiological study and control trial of taeniid cestode infection in farm dogs in Qinghai province, China
野中 成晃
J. Vet. Med. Sci., 76, 3, 395, 400, 2014年, ［査読有り］, ［責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Where to deliver baits for deworming urban red foxes for Echinococcus multilocularis control: new protocol for micro-habitat modeling of fox denning requirements
Takako Ikeda; Masashi Yoshimura; Keiichi Onoyama; Yuzaburo Oku; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura
Parasites & Vectors, 7, 1, 357, 357, 2014年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Continuous Moniezia benedeni infection in confined cattle possibly maintained by an intermediate host on the farm.
Takao Irie; Kohei Sakaguchi; Aino Ota-Tomita; Miwako Tanida; Kanako Hidaka; Yumi Kirino; Nariaki Nonaka; Yoichiro Horii
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 75, 12, 1585, 9, 2013年12月30日, ［査読有り］, ［責任著者］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Infection with Moniezia benedeni is sometimes found in confined cattle in Japan. Between October 2011 and January 2013, we monitored the fecal egg prevalence at a confined cattle farm in Miyazaki prefecture where continuous M. benedeni infection has been recognized for years to evaluate the possible infection routes. Fecal egg prevalence changed seasonally with the highest in October 2011 (27.3%: 9/33). This was followed by a gradual decrease until July 2012 (9.4%: 3/32) and then an increase between August to December 2012 when new egg-excreting cases were observed. The pattern of seasonal changes was similar to that reported previously for cattle kept in a barn with an outside playing yard. Although M. benedeni-infected mites were not found, we constantly detected an oribatid mite, Oribatula sakamorii Aoki, 1970, in the litter of cattle bedding from May to October 2012. This species belongs to a genus which has been reported to be a suitable intermediate host for M. benedeni, suggesting that M. benedeni infection may have been autonomously maintained at the farm via oribatid mites living in the cowshed. When infected cattle were treated with praziquantel, it was found that a single oral inoculation with a dose of 5 mg/kg was effective for deworming.

Discovery of Paragonimus skrjabini in Vietnam and its phylogenetic status in the Paragonimus skrjabini complex
P.N. Doanh; H.V. Hien; N. Nonaka; Y. Horii; Y. Nawa
Journal of Helminthology, 87, 4, 450, 456, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2013年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Two members of the Paragonimus skrjabini complex, P. skrjabini and P. miyazakii, are now considered as two sub-species, P. skrjabini skrjabini and P. skrjabini miyazakii. They are well known as important pathogens for human paragonimiasis in China and Japan. Recently, members of this species complex have been reported from India. Here we report the first discovery of P. skrjabini from freshwater crab hosts in Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam. For morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, adult worms were obtained by experimental infection in cats and dogs. Molecular analyses of metacercariae and adults revealed that the P. skrjabini population from Thanh Hoa, Vietnam was almost completely identical with that from Yunnan province, China. Those populations from Thanh Hoa, Vietnam and Yunnan, China and those from Manipur, India were significantly different from P. skrjabini populations reported from other localities of China in cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene sequences, indicating considerable genetic variation within the P. skrjabini complex. Moreover, low bootstrap values in the CO1 tree suggested that more variant genotypes belonging to P. skrjabini complex may be found in other Asian countries in between Vietnam and India, such as Myanmar, Laos and Thailand. Since P. skrjabini is known as a pathogen for humans, paragonimiasis cases caused by P. skrjabini might be found in Vietnam and other Asian countries.

Serum paraoxonase-1 as biomarker for improved diagnosis of fatty liver in dairy cows
Ayman Samir Farid; Kazuyuki Honkawa; Eman Mohamed Fath; Nariaki Nonaka; Yoichiro Horii
BMC Veterinary Research, 9, 1, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2013年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）,


Fatty liver is a major metabolic disorder in dairy cows and is believed to result in major economic losses in dairy farming due to decreased health status, reproductive performance and fertility. Currently, the definitive means for diagnosing fatty liver is determining the fat content of hepatic tissue by liver biopsy, which is an invasive and costly procedure, making it poorly suited to dairy farms. Therefore, the key aim of this study was to investigate the measurement of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1), an enzyme exclusively synthesized by the liver, as a sensitive noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis of fatty liver in dairy cows.





A comparative cohort study using serum specimens from Holstein–Friesian dairy cows (46 healthy and 46 fatty liver cases) was conducted. Serum PON1 (paraoxonase, lactonase and arylesterase) activity and other biochemical and hematological parameters were measured. We found that serum PON1 activity was lower (P<0.001) in cows suffering from fatty liver. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) of PON1 activity for diagnosis of fatty liver was 0.973–0.989 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.941, 1.000] which was higher than the AUC-ROC of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). We found that adding serum PON1 measurement to different batteries of serum diagnostic panels showed a combination of high sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (+LR), negative likelihood ratio (−LR), diagnostic odd ratio (DOR) and overall diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing fatty liver.





The present results indicate that addition of serum PON1 activity measurement to the biochemical profile could improve the diagnosis of fatty liver in dairy cows, which would have a considerable clinical impact and lead to greater profitability in the dairy industry.

Survey on helminths in the small intestine of wild foxes in Qinghai, China.
Li W; Guo Z; Duo H; Fu Y; Peng M; Shen X; Tsukada H; Irie T; Nasu T; Horii Y; Nonaka N
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 75, 10, 1329, 1333, JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE, 2013年10月, ［査読有り］, ［責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The intestinal helminth fauna of Tibetan sand foxes (Vulpes ferrilata) and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) inhabiting in Qinghai, China, was evaluated by conducting necropsy of hunted foxes and fecal egg examination of field-collected feces. In northeast and south Qinghai, 36 foxes were necropsied, and the species of foxes and the parasites detected were identified by the DNA barcoding. In 27 red foxes and 9 Tibetan sand foxes examined, Mesocestoides litteratus (total prevalence: 64%), Toxascaris leonina (50%), Taenia pisiformis (8%) and Taenia crassiceps (8%) were found in both species of foxes. Echinococcus shiquicus (8%) and Taenia multiceps (6%) were found only in Tibetan sand foxes. Echinococcus multilocularis (3%) and Alaria alata (8%) were found only in red foxes. In the fecal egg examination of the rectal feces, 100% of taeniid cestodes, 73% of Toxascaris and 27% of Mesocestoides worm-positive samples showed egg-positive, indicating that coprological survey for parasite eggs could only provide partial information of intestinal parasite fauna. For field-collected feces, molecular identification of feces origins and fecal egg examination were performed. In 15 Tibetan sand fox and 30 red fox feces, we found E. multilocularis eggs in one feces of Tibetan sand fox. The present study indicated that the upper intestinal helminth fauna of the two fox species in Qinghai does not differ significantly and both species would play an important role in the maintenance of taeniid cestodes.

Natural hybridization between Paragonimus bangkokensis and Paragonimus harinasutai
Pham Ngoc Doanh; Zhihong Guo; Nariaki Nonaka; Yoichiro Horii; Yukifumi Nawa
Parasitology International, 62, 3, 240, 245, Elsevier BV, 2013年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Genetically variant populations of Paragonimus proliferus Hsia & Chen, 1964 from central Vietnam
P.N. Doanh; H.V. Hien; N. Nonaka; Y. Horii; Y. Nawa
Journal of Helminthology, 87, 2, 141, 146, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2013年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Among about 50 nominal Paragonimus species, Paragonimus proliferus is rather a rare species, found only in Yunnan province, China, until our recent discovery of this species in Lai Chau province, northern Vietnam close to Yunnan, China. Here we add Quang Binh province, central Vietnam as a new endemic area of P. proliferus. Large excysted metacercariae found in mountainous crabs, Potamiscus tannanti, were morphologically identified as P. proliferus, which was confirmed further by molecular analyses. Second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) sequences of the P. proliferus population in Quang Binh province were completely (100%) identical with those of P. proliferus populations in Lai Chau province, northern Vietnam and Yunnan province, China. However, cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene sequences of Quang Binh population were significantly different (5.6%) from that of previously reported northern Vietnam and Yunnan, China populations. A phylogenetic tree revealed that all CO1 sequences of P. proliferus Quang Binh population formed a distinct group, which was clustered with northern Vietnam and Yunnan, China populations with the bootstrap value of 75%. This is the first record of the genetically variant population of P. proliferus, distribution of which is geographically remote from the previously reported endemic areas in the border between northern Vietnam and Yunnan, China, suggesting that P. proliferus may be much more widely distributed in the Indochina peninsula (or South-East Asia) than expected.

牛コクシジウム症コントロールの重要性とその背景
桐野有美; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎
家畜診療, 60, 6, 343, 350, 全国農業共済協会, 2013年06月, ［査読有り］
日本語

講座:食品における寄生動物感染症11，蠕虫感染症（６）顎口虫
野中成晃
日本防菌防黴学会誌, 41, 6, 339, 342, 2013年06月, ［招待有り］, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］
日本語

Continuous Moniezia benedeni Infection in Confined Cattle Possibly Maintained by an Intermediate Host on the Farm
Takao IRIE; Kohei SAKAGUCHI; Aino OTA-TOMITA; Miwako TANIDA; Kanako HIDAKA; Yumi KIRINO; Nariaki NONAKA; Yoichiro HORII
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 75, 12, 1585, 1589, 2013年, ［査読有り］, ［責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Survey and molecular identification of Echinococcus species in Tibetan dogs and wild foxes in Qinghai Province.
Duo, H; Diao, X.-L; Fu, Y; Shen, X.-Y; Peng, M; Zhao, H.-L; Nonaka, N; Guo, Z.-H; Genqiu, J; Ni, M; He, S.-D; Chang, M.-H; Huang, F.-Q; Feng, K; Li, W; Wu, R
Acta Parasitology et Medica Entomologica Sinica, 19, 4, 220, 227, 2012年12月, ［査読有り］
中国語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Co-existence of Paragonimus harinasutai and Paragonimus bangkokensis metacercariae in fresh water crab hosts in central Viet Nam with special emphasis on their close phylogenetic relationship
Pham Ngoc Doanh; Hoang Van Hien; Nariaki Nonaka; Yoichiro Horii; Yukifumi Nawa
Parasitology International, 61, 3, 399, 404, Elsevier BV, 2012年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Zoophilic feeding behaviour of phlebotomine sand flies in the endemic areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis of Sindh Province, Pakistan
Saruda Tiwananthagorn; Abdul Manan Bhutto; Javed Hussain Baloch; Farooq Rahman Soomro; Yuta Kawamura; Ryo Nakao; Keisuke Aoshima; Nariaki Nonaka; Yuzaburo Oku; Ken Katakura
Parasitology Research, 111, 1, 125, 133, 2012年07月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Trichinella spiralis: Infection changes serum paraoxonase-1 levels, lipid profile, and oxidative status in rats
Shogo Mido; Eman Mohamed Fath; Ayman Samir Farid; Nariaki Nonaka; Yuzaburo Oku; Yoichiro Horii
Experimental Parasitology, 131, 2, 190, 194, 2012年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Growth and genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus found in cattle imported from Australia and fattened in Japan
Zhi Hong Guo; Meiko Kubo; Momotoshi Kudo; Kazumi Nibe; Yoichiro Horii; Nariaki Nonaka
Parasitology International, 60, 4, 498, 502, 2011年12月, ［査読有り］, ［責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Coprological survey of alimentary tract parasites in dogs from Zambia and evaluation of a coproantigen assay for canine echinococcosis
Nonaka, N; Nakamura, S; Inoue, T; Oku, Y; Katakura, K; Matsumoto, J; Mathis, A; Chembesofu, M; Phiri; I. G. K
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 105, 7, 521, 530, 2011年10月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Development of PCR/dot blot assay for specific detection and differentiation of taeniid cestode eggs in canids.
Maria Teresa Armua-Fernandez; Nariaki Nonaka; Tatsuya Sakurai; Seita Nakamura; Bruno Gottstein; Peter Deplazes; Isaac G K Phiri; Ken Katakura; Yuzaburo Oku
Parasitology International, 60, 1, 84, 9, 2011年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We report the development of a colourimetric PCR/dot blot assay targeting the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) for differential diagnosis of taeniid eggs. Partial sequences of the cestode nad1 gene were aligned and new primers were designed based on conserved regions. Species-specific oligonucleotide probes (S-SONP) for canine taeniid cestodes were then designed manually based on the variable region between the conserved primers. Specifically, S-SONP were designed for the Taenia crassiceps, T. hydatigena, T. multiceps, T. ovis, T. taeniaeformis, Echinococcus granulosus (genotype 1), E. multilocularis and E. vogeli. Each probe showed high specificity as no cross-hybridisation with any amplified nad1 fragment was observed. We evaluated the assay using 49 taeniid egg-positive samples collected from dogs in Zambia. DNA from 5 to 10 eggs was extracted in each sample. Using the PCR/dot blot assay, the probes successfully detected PCR products from T. hydatigena in 42 samples, T. multiceps in 3 samples, and both species (mixed infection) in the remaining 4 samples. The results indicate that the PCR/dot blot assay is a reliable alternative for differential diagnosis of taeniid eggs in faecal samples.

An Echinococcus multilocularis coproantigen is a surface glycoprotein with unique O-gycosylation.
Andreas J Hülsmeier; Peter Deplazes; Soraya Naem; Nariaki Nonaka; Thierry Hennet; Peter Köhler
Glycobiology, 20, 1, 127, 35, 2010年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, A major surface constituent of Echinococcus multilocularis adult worms, referred to as an EmA9 antigen, was immunoaffinity purified and identified as a high-molecular-weight glycoconjugate. Labeling studies using the monoclonal antibody MAbEmA9 indicated that this antigen undergoes a regulated expression during the development from the larval to the adult parasite. Chemical modification of carbohydrate by periodate oxidation resulted in a reduced reactivity with antigen-specific antibodies. Non-reductive beta-elimination of the purified molecule indicated the presence of O-linked glycans attached to threonine residues. Carbohydrate compositional analyses indicated the presence of N- and O-glycans with the ratio of carbohydrate to protein being 1.5:1 (w/w). N- and O-linked glycans were released by hydrazinolysis and analyzed as 2-aminobenzamide derivatized glycans by mass spectrometry together with HPLC and enzymatic sequencing. Novel linear O-linked saccharides with multiple beta-HexNAc extensions of reducing end Gal were identified. N-Linked glycans were also detected with oligomannose and mono-, bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary-type structures, most of which were found to be core-fucosylated. Taken together, the results indicate that the EmA9 antigen is a glycoprotein located at the outer surface of the adult E. multilocularis. The observation that the EmA9 antigen expression is developmentally regulated suggests an involvement of this glycoprotein in the establishment of the parasite in its canine host.

Multiplex PCR system for identifying the carnivore origins of faeces for an epidemiological study on Echinococcus multilocularis in Hokkaido, Japan
Nariaki Nonaka; Takafumi Sano; Takashi Inoue; Maria Teresa Armua; Daisuke Fukui; Ken Katakura; Yuzaburo Oku
Parasitology Research, 106, 1, 75, 83, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2009年12月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Monitoring of environmental contamination by Echinococcus multilocularis in an urban fringe forest park in Hokkaido, Japan.
Jose Trinipil G Lagapa; Yuzaburo Oku; Masami Kaneko; Sumiya Ganzorig; Takashi Ono; Nariaki Nonaka; Fumio Kobayashi; Masao Kamiya
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 14, 5, 299, 303, 2009年09月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis environmental contamination in an urban fringe-the Nopporo forest park of Sapporo city, Hokkaido, Japan. A secondary aim was to determine possible transmission risks areas by associating percentage occurrence of E. multilocularis-positive faeces with the different land-use classes. METHODS: Wild fox faeces collected from the environment were examined by intravital methods, such as the taeniid egg sucrose floatation technique, E. multilocularis coproantigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis and DNA test of taeniid eggs by PCR. Geospatial maps produced by the Global Positioning System and Landsat data were analysed using geographic information system software to determine the association between percentage occurrences of E. multilocularis-positive fox faeces and land-use classes. RESULTS: Our findings showed high prevalence rates in both E. multilocularis egg and coproantigen-positive faeces (16 and 49%, respectively) in the investigated urban fringe forest park. Data revealed that percentage occurrence of E. multilocularis-positive fox faeces was associated with land-use classes, such as forest and open field (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that Nopporo forest park in the urban fringe of Sapporo city, Hokkaido is a reservoir with a high prevalence of zoonotic infective agents for alveolar echinococcosis. Our findings suggest that interface habitats between forests or woodlands and open fields are indispensable for continued maintenance of the life-cycle of E. multilocularis and, as such, constitute high risk areas for echinococcosis transmission.

Echinococcus multilocularis infection in pet dogs in Japan.
Nonaka N; Kamiya M; Kobayashi F; Ganzorig S; Ando S; Yagi K; Iwaki T; Inoue T; Oku Y
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 9, 2, 201, 206, Mary Ann Liebert Inc, 2009年04月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Evaluation of efficacy of bruceine A, a natural quassinoid compound extracted from a medicinal plant, Brucea javanica, for canine babesiosis.
Ryo Nakao; Chiaki Mizukami; Yuta Kawamura; Subeki; Saw Bawm; Masahiro Yamasaki; Yoshimitsu Maede; Hideyuki Matsuura; Kensuke Nabeta; Nariaki Nonaka; Yuzaburo Oku; Ken Katakura
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 71, 1, 33, 41, 2009年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Bruceine A, a natural quassinoid compound extracted from the dried fruits of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr., was evaluated for its antibabesial activity in vitro and in vivo. Bruceine A inhibited the in vitro growth of Babesia gibsoni in canine erythrocytes at lower concentration compared with the standard antibabesial drug diminazene aceturate and killed the parasites within 24 hr at a concentration of 25 nM. Oral administration of bruceine A at a dosage of 6.4 mg/kg/day for 5 days resulted in no clinical findings in a dog with normal ranges of hematological and biochemical values in the blood. Three dogs were infected with B. gibsoni and two of them were treated with bruceine A at a dosage of 6.4 mg/kg/day for 6 days from day 5 post-infection. An untreated dog developed typical acute babesiosis symptoms including severe anemia, high fever, and complete loss of appetite and movement. However, the two bruceine A-treated dogs maintained their healthy conditions throughout the experimental period of 4 weeks although complete elimination of parasites from the peripheral blood was not achieved and decreases in the packed cell volume and the erythrocyte and platelet counts were observed. Since natural quassinoid compounds have been used as traditional medicines for the treatment of various ailments including cancer and malaria, the present results suggest that bruceine A or other related compounds are potential candidates for the treatment of canine babesiosis.

A vague understanding of the biology and epidemiology of echinococcosis by dog owners in Hokkaido, an endemic island for Echinococcus multilocularis in Japan.
Nariaki Nonaka; Masao Kamiya; Yuzaburo Oku
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 71, 1, 105, 7, 2009年01月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, A questionnaire survey was conducted by giving 14 statements about echinococcosis to 2,070 dog owners residing in Hokkaido in order to evaluate their understanding about the biology and epidemiology of Echinococcus multilocularis. Analysis of the answers revealed that dog owners understood the disease superficially, and there were several points of confusion in their understanding, especially regarding differences in the modes of transmission and disease development in dogs and humans. The results suggest the need for the proper education of dog owners to perform proper prophylactic measures against the disease.

Prevalencia de Echinococcus granulosus en Uruguay
Elola, S; Sakai, H; Armua, T; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Irabedra, P; Valledor, S; Cabrera, P
Zoonosis, 1, 1, 34, 35, 2009年, ［査読有り］
スペイン語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Evaluation of efficacy of bruceine A, a naturalquassinoid compound extracted from amedicinal plant, Brucea javanica, for caninebabesiosis.
野中 成晃
J Vet Med Sci 71, 71, 1, 33, 41, 2009年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

A vague understanding of the biology and epidemiology of echinococcosis by dog owners in Hokkaido, an endemic island for Echinococcu smultilocularis in Japan
野中 成晃
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 71(1), 71, 1, 105, 107, 2009年01月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

In vitro antitrypanosomal activities of quassinoid compounds from the fruits of a medicinal plant, Brucea javanica.
Saw Bawm; Hideyuki Matsuura; Ahmed Elkhateeb; Kensuke Nabeta; Subeki; Nariaki Nonaka; Yuzaburo Oku; Ken Katakura
Veterinary Parasitology, 158, 4, 288, 94, 2008年12月20日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The medicinal plant Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. (Simaroubaceae) is widely distributed throughout Asia where its bitter fruits have been used in traditional medicine for various ailments. Fifteen C-20 quassinoids were isolated from the fruits of B. javanica and examined for their in vitro antitrypanosomal activities against trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma evansi. Bruceine A, bruceantinol, bruceine C, brusatol, and bruceine B showed strong antitrypanosomal activities with IC(50) values in the range of 2.9-17.8nM, which compared well with the standard trypanocidal drugs diminazene aceturate (IC(50)=8.8nM) and suramin (IC(50)=43.2nM). However, dehydrobruceine A, dehydrobruceine B, and dehydrobrusatol were about 2100, 900, and 1200 times less active, respectively, than bruceine A, bruceine B, and brusatol. The relationship of the structure and antitrypanosomal activity of these quassinoid compounds suggested that the presence of a diosphenol moiety in ring A and the nature of the C-15 side chain are important for their activities against T. evansi. This is the first report on the antitrypanosomal activity of isolated quassinoids.

The first instance of a cat excreting Echinococcus multilocularis eggs in Japan.
Nariaki Nonaka; Haruki Hirokawa; Takashi Inoue; Ryo Nakao; Sumiya Ganzorig; Fumio Kobayashi; Masakazu Inagaki; Kentaro Egoshi; Masao Kamiya; Yuzaburo Oku
Parasitology International, 57, 4, 519, 20, 2008年12月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, A cat excreting Echinococcus multilocularis eggs was recently identified in Hokkaido, representing the first such observation in Japan. The cat was raised free-range and frequently ate rodents. Fecal egg examination revealed eggs of taeniids (EPG: 440) and Spirometra spp. (EPG: >1000). PCR targeting part of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene of E. multilocularis was positive with DNA from 3 single isolated taeniid eggs, and sequence analysis of one amplicon confirmed E. multilocularis. The results indicated that the eggs of E. multilocularis distributed in Hokkaido can be excreted in cat feces, and suggested the necessity of further studies to clarify whether the eggs excreted in cat feces are infective and thus whether cats can serve as infectious source to humans in Japan.

多包条虫の網羅的cDNAライブラリーのin silico解析、特にプロテアーゼ類について
奥 祐三郎; 李 爽; 山下 理宇; 渡辺 純一; 野中 成晃; 神谷 正男
獣医寄生虫学会誌, 7, 2, 99, 99, 日本獣医寄生虫学会, 2008年12月, ［査読有り］
日本語

A latex agglutination test for the detection of Echinococcus multilocularis coproantigen in the definitive hosts.
Nariaki Nonaka; Mari Oka; Masao Kamiya; Yuzaburo Oku
Veterinary parasitology, 152, 3-4, 278, 83, 2008年04月15日, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, A latex agglutination test for detecting Echinococcus multilocularis coproantigen in definitive hosts was developed using latex beads sensitized with EmA9 monoclonal antibody raised against somatic antigens of adult E. multilocularis. A primary test (LA 1) was performed on 82 fecal samples of necropsied foxes, of which 46 were infected, and resulted in 61% sensitivity and 86% specificity. To increase the sensitivity, 4 ng/mL of excretory/secretory antigens of adult worms was added to the samples in a secondary test (LA 2), resulting in 91% sensitivity and 61% specificity. The positive predictive value of the LA 1 test and the negative predictive value of the LA 2 test were both 85%. The combination of the LA 1 and LA 2 tests is applicable and practical for use in situations that require quick diagnosis or screening based on the following interpretation: the samples that are positive in the LA 1 test are positive; the samples that are negative in the LA 2 test are negative; and the samples that are negative in the LA 1 test and positive in the LA 2 test are classified as suspicious.

Taenia taeniaeformis: Fate and proliferation of mucosal cells during gastric hyperplasia in larvae infected rats
Lagapa, J. T; Oku, Y; Nonaka, N; Kamiya, M
Experimental Parasitology, 118, 4, 576, 582, 2008年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Anaerobic NADH-fumarate reductase system is predominant in the respiratory chain of Echinococcus multilocularis, providing a novel target for the chemotherapy of alveolar echinococcosis.
Jun Matsumoto; Kimitoshi Sakamoto; Noriko Shinjyo; Yasutoshi Kido; Nao Yamamoto; Kinpei Yagi; Hideto Miyoshi; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura; Kiyoshi Kita; Yuzaburo Oku
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 52, 1, 164, 70, 2008年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Alveolar echinococcosis, which is due to the massive growth of larval Echinococcus multilocularis, is a life-threatening parasitic zoonosis distributed widely across the northern hemisphere. Commercially available chemotherapeutic compounds have parasitostatic but not parasitocidal effects. Parasitic organisms use various energy metabolic pathways that differ greatly from those of their hosts and therefore could be promising targets for chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to characterize the mitochondrial respiratory chain of E. multilocularis, with the eventual goal of developing novel antiechinococcal compounds. Enzymatic analyses using enriched mitochondrial fractions from E. multilocularis protoscoleces revealed that the mitochondria exhibited NADH-fumarate reductase activity as the predominant enzyme activity, suggesting that the mitochondrial respiratory system of the parasite is highly adapted to anaerobic environments. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that the primary quinone of the parasite mitochondria was rhodoquinone-10, which is commonly used as an electron mediator in anaerobic respiration by the NADH-fumarate reductase system of other eukaryotes. This also suggests that the mitochondria of E. multilocularis protoscoleces possess an anaerobic respiratory chain in which complex II of the parasite functions as a rhodoquinol-fumarate reductase. Furthermore, in vitro treatment assays using respiratory chain inhibitors against the NADH-quinone reductase activity of mitochondrial complex I demonstrated that they had a potent ability to kill protoscoleces. These results suggest that the mitochondrial respiratory chain of the parasite is a promising target for chemotherapy of alveolar echinococcosis.

Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in northern Japan.
Takashi Inoue; Nariaki Nonaka; Ayako Mizuno; Yasuyuki Morishima; Hiroshi Sato; Ken Katakura; Yuzaburo Oku
Zoological Science, 24, 12, 1178, 86, 2007年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Mitochondrial DNA variation in the cytochrome b (cyt b) gene and the control region was examined in the red fox Vulpes vulpes from Japan, with special focus on the population divergence between Hokkaido and northern Honshu. Resultant haplotypes from Hokkaido were subdivided into two distinct groups (I and II), with an average genetic distance of 0.027 for cyt b. Divergence time is roughly estimated to be 1-2 million years ago, given that the conventional divergence rate of the mammalian cyt b gene is 2% per million years. Notably, Group II was only found in Hokkaido, whereas Group I comprised haplotypes from Honshu, Kyushu (Japan), eastern Russia, and Europe, as indicated by a comparison of our own data to the literature. On the other hand, judging from constructed trees, Group I haplotypes from Hokkaido appeared to differ from those from other parts of Japan, i.e., Honshu and Kyushu. This implies that Blakiston's Line, which demarcates the boundary between Hokkaido and Honshu, has been an effective barrier and has allowed the structuring of genetic variation in maternal lineages. Thus, these results suggest that the Hokkaido population, which is sometimes referred to as the distinct subspecies V. v. schrencki, has its own genetic background with multiple migration events and differs from the parapatric subspecies V. v. japonica found in Honshu and Kyushu.

The use of tetracycline in anthelmintic baits to assess baiting rate and drug efficacy against Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes.
Takashi Inoue; Nariaki Nonaka; Yuta Kanai; Takashi Iwaki; Masao Kamiya; Yuzaburo Oku
Veterinary Parasitology, 150, 1-2, 88, 96, 2007年11月30日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Anthelmintic (praziquantel) baiting of wild red foxes against Echinococcus multilocularis infection was studied in a highly epizootic suburban area of Otaru, Hokkaido (the northern island of Japan) during the summer and autumn in the years 1999-2004. Acceptance of baits containing the biomarker tetracycline (TC) was evaluated. The prevalence of E. multilocularis infection in foxes before baiting (1999-2000) was 58% (88/153), whereas in the fourth year of bait distribution year (2004), it decreased to 11% (5/45). Analysis of TC marking in the teeth of foxes showed that 39% (77/195) of those captured after baiting were estimated to have consumed baits in the year of capture. Importantly, more juvenile (56%, 49/87) than adult foxes (26%, 28/108) were marked, indicating efficient baiting of juveniles, which tended to have a higher worm burden of E. multilocularis. Of 77 marked foxes, E. multilocularis and Alaria alata (monitored as the second indicator species of deworming) were not detected in 70 (90%) and 76 (99%) foxes, respectively. The results suggest effective deworming by bait consumption. However, it was also demonstrated that 9% of the marked foxes were infected or re-infected after bait consumption, suggesting high infection pressure and the importance of frequent baiting.

Molecular mechanisms involved in the growth and development of Echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes
Jun Matsumoto; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura; Yuzaburo Oku
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 6(1), 6, 1, 7, 12, 2007年11月, ［査読有り］
日本語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Epizootiological survey of Trichinella spp. infection in carnivores, rodents and insectivores in Hokkaido, Japan.
Yuta Kanai; Takashi Inoue; Tsutomu Mano; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura; Yuzaburo Oku
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 54, 4, 175, 82, 2007年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, In order to evaluate the present epidemiological situation of Trichinella infection in wild animals in Hokkaido, Japan, red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) , brown bears (Ursus arctos) , martens (Martes melampus), rodents and insectivores captured in Hokkaido were examined for muscle larvae by the artificial digestion method from 2000 to 2006. Foxes (44/319, 13.8%), raccoon dogs (6/77, 7.8%) and brown bears (4/126, 3.2%) were found to be infected with Trichinella larvae and all other animal species evaluated were negative. Multiplex PCR and DNA sequencing revealed that larvae from a fox captured in Otofuke, in south-eastern Hokkaido, were T. nativa, and larvae from 27 animals including 21 foxes, 2 raccoon dogs and 4 brown bears captured in western Hokkaido were Trichinella T9.

Echinococcosis risk among domestic definitive hosts, Japan.
Masao Kamiya; Jose Trinipil Lagapa; Sumiya Ganzorig; Fumio Kobayashi; Nariaki Nonaka; Yuzaburo Oku
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13, 2, 346, 347, 2007年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語

北海道のエキノコックス感染源対策の試みと今後の住民参加
奥祐三郎; 巌城隆; スミヤ・ガンゾリク; 野中成晃; 井上貴史; 宮原俊之; 岡崎克則; 神谷正男
獣医畜産新報, 60, 5, 376, 378, 文永堂出版(株), 2007年, ［招待有り］
日本語

Trichinella nativa and Trichinella T9 in the Hokkaido island, Japan.
Yuta Kanai; Nariaki Nonaka; Ken Katakura; Yuzaburo Oku
Parasitology International, 55, 4, 313, 315, 2006年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Trichinella sp. muscle larvae were isolated from the thigh muscle of two red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) captured in Sapporo and Otofuke, Hokkaido, Japan, in 2003. Multiplex PCR designed for genotyping the genus Trichinella revealed that the Sapporo isolate showed a specific pattern to T. britovi complex (T. britovi, Trichinella T8 and Trichinella T9) and the Otofuke isolate showed that to T. nativa. Nucleotide sequences of a part of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of the Sapporo isolate showed the highest similarity to those of Trichinella T9, a species detected in the mainland of Japan. This study shows that both T. nativa and Trichinella T9 are circulating in wildlife of the Hokkaido island.

Current control strategies targeting sources of echinococcosis in Japan
Kamiya, M; Lagapa; J. T. G; Nonaka, N; Ganzorig, S; Oku, Y; Kamiya, H
Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'Office International des Epizooties, 25, 3, 1055, 1066, 2006年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Development of Taenia saginata asiatica cysticerci to infective stage and its tapeworm stage in Mongolian gerbils
Chang, S. L.; Ooi, H. K.; Nonaka, N.; Kamiya, M.; Oku, Y.
Journal of Helminthology 80, 80, 3, 219, 223, 2006年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Towards the control of Echinococcus multilocularis in the definitive host in Japan
N Nonaka; M Kamiya; Y Oku
Parasitology International, 55, sup1, S263, S266, 2006年, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］
英語

Development of Taenia saginata asiatica metacestodes in SCID mice and its infectivity in human and alternative definitive hosts
Chang, S. L; Nonaka, N; Kamiya, M; Kanai, Y; Ooi, H. K; Chung, W. C; Oku, Y
Parasitology Research, 96, 2, 95, 101, 2005年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Development of Taenia saginata asiatica metacestodes in SCID mice, and its infectivity in humans, golden hamsters, and Mongolian gerbils as alternative definitive hosts, were investigated. Cysticerci were recovered from SCID mice that were subcutaneously injected with hatched oncospheres of T. s. asiatica. The morphological changes of metacestodes were observed. The recovered cysticerci were fed to gerbils, hamsters and humans, to check for their infectivity. Tapeworms were recovered from gerbils and hamsters fed with 20 to 45 week-old cysticerci, and proglottids excretions were observed in human volunteers fed with 45 week-old cysticerci. However, no tapeworms were recovered from gerbils fed with 10 week-old cysticerci. Our results suggest that T. s. asiatica oncospheres needed more than 20 weeks to develop to maturity in SCID mice to be infective to both their natural and alternative definitive hosts.

Immune responses to oral infection with Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces in gerbils: modified lymphocyte responses due to the parasite antigen.
Naoko Kato; Nariaki Nonaka; Yuzaburo Oku; Masao Kamiya
Parasitology Research, 96, 1, 12, 17, 2005年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Immune responses to oral infection with Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces in Mongolian gerbils were investigated. Gerbils not treated with prednisolone expelled most of the parasites within 3 days post-infection and induced parasite-specific intestinal IgA secretion after the oral inoculation with protoscoleces. In contrast, prednisolone-treated gerbils harbored notable numbers of parasites, and the parasite-specific intestinal IgA secretion was lower. In gerbils not treated and orally inoculated with protoscoleces (infected group), parasite-specific antibody levels in sera and intestinal washings were elevated, but blastogenesis against protoscolex antigens was observed only in cells from Peyer's patches at 14 days post-infection. Concanavalin A-induced proliferative lymphocytes from both infected and naive gerbils were suppressed by adding protoscolex somatic antigen. These data indicate that while parasite-specific antibody responses were observed, lymphocyte proliferative responses were suppressed by parasite infection/antigens in the Mongolian gerbil, prednisolone-untreated rodent definitive host model.

飼い犬のエキノコックス感染とその診断
野中成晃
獣医畜産新報, 58, 4, 341, 342, 2005年04月, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］
日本語

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against excretory/secretory products of adult Echinococcus granulosus, and their application to coproantigen detection.
Cecilia Casaravilla; Ramiro Malgor; Andrea Rossi; Hirofumi Sakai; Nariaki Nonaka; Masao Kamiya; Carlos Carmona
Parasitology International, 54, 1, 43, 49, 2005年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Two IgM murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), EgC1 and EgC3, were produced against the excretory/secretory (E/S) products of Echinococcus granulosus adult worms. Immunoblotting revealed that both predominantly recognized a 50 kDa antigen in the somatic extract and an 85 kDa component in the E/S products. Immunolocalization showed that both MAbs reacted with the tegument of the parasite, and additionally EgC3 reacted with parenchyma and the tegument lining the external surface of the reproductive organs. A coproantigen capture ELISA was developed using a rabbit polyclonal antibody against E/S products from adult tapeworms as catching antibodies, and each one of MAbs as detecting antibody. The assays detected seven out of eight (EgC1), and eight out of eight (EgC3) experimentally infected dogs (worm burdens ranging from 61 to 57,500), using heat-treated samples obtained at prepatent period, and none (n=8) of helminth-free samples. Time course analysis showed that, after a 12-25 days lag, coproantigen levels rose above cut off O.D. values and typically peaked around 30 days post-infection (DPI) at the end of the experiment. One dog experimentally infected with Taenia hydatigena metacestodes was slightly detected as positive at different time points after 30 DPI. Both MAbs showed a similar pattern of recognition, but T. hydatigena antigens were undetectable for a longer period, and reached lower O.D. values with EgC1. Interestingly, fecal samples from two experimentally infected dogs with Echinococcus multilocularis were not recognized by the EgC1 assay, suggesting a potential value as species-specific diagnostic tool.

Modified cellular immune responses in dogs infected with Echinococcus multilocularis.
Naoko Kato; Nariaki Nonaka; Yuzaburo Oku; Masao Kamiya
Parasitology research, 95, 5, 339, 45, 2005年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Parasite-specific antigen responses and lymphocyte blastogenesis in dogs orally inoculated with Echinococcus multilocuralis metacestodes were examined. Serum IgG1 (Th2-oriented) and IgG2 (Th 1-oriented) levels against somatic and excretory-secretory (ES) antigens of protoscoleces and adult worms increased from 7 days post-infection (DPI), with the highest responses against protoscolex excretory-secretory antigen (PES). Specific blastogenesis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) against the parasite antigens was not observed during the 21-day infection period, but Peyer's patches cells from one out of two dogs at 21 DPI showed blastogenesis against PES (stimulation index: 4.65). Interestingly, only at 7 DPI were concanavalin A (ConA)-induce proliferative responses of PBMC reduced. Moreover, ConA-induced proliferative responses of lymphocytes from various origins were suppressed by the addition of parasite antigens, especially with PES. These data suggest that although both Th1- and Th2-oriented humoral immune responses were observed in E. multilocularis infected dogs, the parasite antigens, especially PES, may have incompletely suppressed lymphocyte responses in these dogs.

犬のエキノコックス症
野中成晃
獣医寄生虫学会誌, 3, 1, 17, 19, 2004年12月, ［筆頭著者, 責任著者］
日本語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

[Possibility of invasion of Echinococcus into Honshu with pet dogs from Hokkaido and overseas].
Rikuo Doi; Hajime Matsuda; Akihiko Uchida; Eiji Kanda; Haruo Kamiya; Keita Konno; Hidehiko Tamashiro; Nariaki Nonaka; Yuusaburo Oku; Masao Kamiya
[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese Journal of Public Health, 50, 7, 639, 49, 2003年07月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
日本語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: The number of pet dogs moving with their owners to Honshu, the main island of Japan, from Hokkaido, and the number of dogs imported from overseas were examined, and the possibility of invasion of Echinococcus multilocularis and E. granulosus with these dogs was discussed. METHODS: The number of pet dogs moving to Honshu-island from Hokkaido was examined with the movement notifications based on the Rabies Prevention Act in 29 prefectures during the period from 1996 to 2001. The number of pets was also examined by questionnaire targeting 3 aviation and 3 ferry companies. The number of dogs imported from overseas was examined with the Annual Reports of the Animal Quarantine Service of Japan, The sanitary conditions of hotels for pet owners were also examined with a questionnaire. RESULTS: Approximately 140 pet dogs were found to have officially moved annually from Hokkaido to Honshu during the study period. However, the actual number might be two to three times this estimate, because many dogs moved without notification. Nearly ten thousand pet dogs were transported a year to and from Honshu and Hokkaido by planes and ferries. A value of three thousand would be expected if people from Hokkaido were accompanying their pets at the rate of the registered dogs per population, one animal per 23 Hokkaido residents. Up to 30 pet dogs infested with E. multilocularis would probably be included per year, according to the infestation rate of 1% in Hokkaido. The number of imported dogs from overseas was assessed at approximately 15 thousand a year, but these dogs were not obligated to receive animal quarantine with respect to echinococcal infestation in Japan. Hotels for pet owners were considered to be managed rather sanitarily, though certain administrative guidance is necessary to prevent hydatid disease infection of travelers and hotel workers. The authors consider that dogs from Hokkaido and also from echinococcosis endemic countries should undergo fecal examination for parasite eggs to prevent invasion of the parasite into Honshu. CONCLUSION: The authors propose the fecal examination of the dogs from Hokkaido and also from overseas for preventing invasion of E. multilocularis and E. granulosus into Honshu, Japan.

北海道および海外からの畜犬を介するエキノコックス本州侵入の可能性
土井 陸雄; 松田 肇; 内田 明彦; 神田 栄次; 神谷 晴夫; 紺野 圭太; 玉城 英彦; 野中 成晃; 奥 祐三郎; 神谷 正男
日本公衆衛生雑誌, 50, 7, 639, 649, Japanese Society of Public Health, 2003年07月, ［査読有り］
英語, 目的 北海道から本州への移動畜犬数および国外からの輸入畜犬数を調査し，畜犬を介する本州への多包条虫，単包条虫侵入のリスクを検討する。
方法 青森県から兵庫県まで29都府県 9 政令市を対象に，狂犬病予防法に基づく畜犬の居住地変更届の年間届出数を平成 8～13年度の 5 ヶ年余にわたり集計し，航空 3 社およびフェリー 3 社からペット輸送状況を聴取し，また人口移動統計などを資料として北海道から本州への年間移動畜犬数を推計した。次に，動物検疫所報告資料により国外からの輸入畜犬数を集計し，単包条虫，多包条虫流行圏との関係を検討した。また，ペット同伴宿泊施設の実態をアンケート調査した。
結果 狂犬病予防法に基づく畜犬の居住地変更届から，毎年，約140頭の畜犬が北海道から本州へ飼主とともに移動していることが分かった。しかし，未届犬が相当数ある実態から，実際の移動畜犬数は約300～400頭余と推定された。また，北海道に乗り入れている航空 3 社およびフェリー 3 社への調査結果から，年間 1 万頭余のペットが北海道から道外に輸送されていることが分かった。その大半は観光目的などで飼主とともに来道し道外に戻るペットだが，北海道内から居住地移転するペットおよび観光目的などで道外へ移動する道内居住のペットが含まれている。北海道における野犬，畜犬の多包条虫感染調査結果を考慮すると，北海道からの移動畜犬中に毎年数頭から最大30頭程度の多包条虫感染犬が含まれる可能性が示唆された。
 また，輸入畜犬数は毎年約1.5万頭に上り，ドイツ，フランス，中国など多包条虫，単包条虫常在国からも数百頭が無検疫で輸入されていた。
 ペット同伴宿泊施設は概ね衛生的に運営されているが，多包虫症感染予防について適切な行政指導が必要と思われた。
結論 多包条虫流行地の北海道から本州へ移動する畜犬および多包条虫・単包条虫常在国からの輸入犬について，早急に糞便検査を行って本州への多包条虫，単包条虫侵入のリスクを明らかにするとともに，流行拡大阻止体制を早急に整備するべきである。

Potential remedy against Echinococcus multilocularis in wild red foxes using baits with anthelmintic distributed around fox breeding dens in Hokkaido, Japan
Tsukada, H; Hamazaki, K; Ganzorig, S; Iwaki, T; Konno, K; Lagapa, J. T; Matsuo, K; Ono, A; Shimizu, M; Sakai, H; Morishima, Y; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Parasitology, 125, 2, 119, 129, 2002年08月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Gastric hyperplasia and parietal cell loss in Taenia taeniaeformis inoculated immunodeficient mice.
Jose Trinipil Lagapa; Kenjiro Konno; Yuzaburo Oku; Nariaki Nonaka; Mamoru Ito; Masao Kamiya
Parasitology International, 51, 1, 81, 89, 2002年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Immunodeficient mice were studied to determine their suitability as models in investigating the role of Taenia taeniaeformis larval products in the development of gastric hyperplasia. Recombinant active gene 2 (RAG2)-deficient and severe combined immune-deficient (SCID) mice were studied as candidate animal models. RAG2-deficient mice inoculated orally with T. taeniaeformis eggs developed gastric hyperplasia with alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff-positive cell proliferation similar to those of rats. SCID mice inoculated with different doses and routes of T. taeniaeformis in vitro-hatched oncospheres and those orally inoculated with eggs resulted also in different degrees of gastric hyperplasia. Influence of inoculation forms of parasite, doses and routes of inoculation on initiation of hyperplastic gastropathy was suggested to be dependent on number and size of developed larvae. Both RAG2-deficient and SCID mice with hyperplastic mucosa were observed with significant loss of parietal cells. Apparent decrease in parietal cell number was observed in SCID mice at 2 weeks after intraperitoneal inoculation with oncospheres before hyperplastic lesions developed. Earliest occurrence of gastric hyperplasia in SCID mice was observed at 3 weeks after oral inoculation of in vitro-hatched oncospheres, sooner than orally inoculated rats. The results suggested that these immunodeficient mice could be used as animal models to study factors involved in T. taeniaeformis-induced gastric mucous cell hyperplasia.

Taenia taeniaeformis larval product induces gastric mucosal hyperplasia in SCID mice.
Jose Trinipil G Lagapa; Yuzaburo Oku; Nariaki Nonaka; Masao Kamiya
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 49, 4, 273, 85, 2002年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The effects of intraperitoneal implantation of Taenia taeniaeformis larvae and inoculation of in vitro larval products on gastric mucosa of SCID mice were investigated in this study. Mice surgically implanted with T. taeniaeformis larvae developed slight and moderate gastric hyperplasia. When in vitro cultured T. taeniaeformis larval excretory-secretory (TtLES) products containing 1 mg of protein were injected daily into mice, they caused gastropathy after 5-7 days. Mice injected daily with 0.5 mg of TtLES products also showed slight gastric hyperplasia after day 14 and 28. The gastropathy was characterized by reduction of both parietal and zymogenic cell number and increased number of alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff (AB-PAS)-positive cells and by two-fold extension of proliferative zone of gastric units. Larval implantation demonstrated a more potent effect in inducing gastropathy than did in vitro larval culture products. Significant decrease in number of parietal cells with concomitant increase of proliferative zone and AB-PAS-positive cell number indicated their important roles in inducing the hyperplastic lesion. Similarities with other gastropathies indicated that there is a common fundamental regulatory mechanism involved, and that the host response may not be specific to parasites. Present study validated the induction of gastric mucosal hyperplasia by larval ES products of T. taeniaeformis. This proved the hypothesis of previous studies suggesting the role of larvae-derived products in inducing gastric mucosal hyperplasia in T. taeniaeformis-infected rats.

Prevalence and intensity of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes schrencki) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides albus) in Otaru City, Hokkaido, Japan.
Alebel Ewunetu Yimam; Nariaki Nonaka; Yuzaburo Oku; Masao Kamiya
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 49, 4, 287, 96, 2002年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, A survey was done in an attempt to investigate the epidemiological status of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes and raccoon dogs in Otaru city from June to September 1999. Sixty-seven red foxes (Vulpes vulpes schrencki) and 13 raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides albus) were captured, and postmortem examinations were conducted with them. Thirty-eight red foxes (56.7%) and 3 raccoon dogs (23.1%) were found to be infected with E. multilocularis. The total biomass of E. multilocularis in all infected red foxes and raccoon dogs were 2,817,000 and 1,515 worms, respectively. Nine of the infected red foxes harboring more than 100,000 worms accounted for 90.6% of the total biomass. No significant differences in the prevalence were observed between male and female, and juvenile and adult. However, the worm burden was higher in juvenile than in adult foxes. In one of the infected raccoon dogs, mature worms and eggs of E. multilocularis were found in the intestine and fecal sample, respectively. This result suggested that the raccoon dogs are probably playing a small role in the egg contamination of the environment. The validity of coproantigen ELISA for diagnosis of foxes was confirmed by comparing the results of autopsy, egg examination and coproantigen ELISA using rectal fecal samples.

Assessment of the epidemiological status of Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes in France using ELISA coprotests on fox faeces collected in the field
Raoul, F; Deplazes, P; Nonaka, N; Piarroux, R; Vuitton, D. A; Giraudoux, P
International Journal for Parasitology, 31, 14, 1579, 1588, 2001年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Inhibitory effect of different UV lamps on the infectivity of taeniid eggs
Lagapa, J. T; Konno, K; Oku, Y; Nonaka, N; Kamiya, M
Parasitology Research, 87, 8, 593, 597, 2001年08月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

A survey of canine echinococcosis in Gobi Altai Province of Mongolia by coproantigen detection
Zoljargal, P; Ganzorig, S; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 49, 2, 125, 129, 2001年08月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Seroprevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs in Bahia state, northeastern Brazil
Sakai, H; Barbosa Jr; H. V; Silva, E. M; Schlabitz, F. O; Noronha, R. P; Nonaka, N; Franke, C. R; Ueno, H
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 64, 5, 268, 269, 2001年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

First report of Trichinella nativa in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes schrencki) from Otaru city, Hokkaido, Japan
Yimam, A. E; Oku, Y; Nonaka, N; Sakai, H; Morishima, Y; Matsuo, K; Rosa, G. L; Pozio, E; Yagi, K; Kamiya, M
Parasitology International, 50, 2, 121, 127, 2001年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Dose dependency of prednisolone tertiary-butylacetate (PTBA) treatment on the establishment and site predilection of Echinococcus multilocularis in an alternative definitive host model using Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)
Matsuo, K; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Parasitology Research, 86, 6, 521, 523, Springer Verlag, 2000年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Development and sexual maturation of Echinococcus vogeli in an alternative definitive host, Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)
Matsuo, K; Shimizu, M; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Acta Tropica, 75, 3, 323, 330, 2000年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Preliminary study of the role of red foxes in Echinococcus multilocularis transmission in the urban area of Sapporo, Japan
Tsukada, H; Morishima, Y; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Parasitology, 120, 4, 423, 428, 2000年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Dose dependency of prednisolone on the establishment of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in an alternative definitive host, Mongolian gerbil
Matsuo, K; Tada, T; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 47, 3-4, 145, 149, 2000年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Echinococcosis multilocular and alveolar hydatid disease in Hokkaido Japan
Furth, M; Kamiya, M; Sakai, H; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; El-On, J
Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 55, 2, 59, 62, 2000年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

The spreading of sarcoptic mange among red foxes Vulpes vulpes and its impact on the local fox population in Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan
TSUKADA H.
Mammalian Science, 39, 2, 247, 256, 1999年12月, ［査読有り］
英語

Coproantigen survey of Echinococcus multilocularis prevalence of red foxes in Hokkaido, Japan
Morishima, Y; Tsukada, H; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Parasitology International, 48, 2, 121, 134, 1999年08月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Hyperplasia of gastric mucosa in donor rats orally infected with Taenia taeniaeformis eggs and in recipient rats surgically implanted with the larvae in the abdominal cavity
Konno, K; Oku, Y; Nonaka, N; Kamiya, M
Parasitology Research, 85, 6, 431, 436, 1999年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

チンチラChinchilla brevicaudataに寄生していたTaenia crassiceps
久木義一; 野中成晃; Ganzorig, S; 森嶋康之
獣医畜産新報, 52, 6, 449, 452, 文永堂出版, 1999年06月, ［査読有り］
日本語

Histopathology and physiopathology of gastric mucous hyperplasia in rats heavily infected with Taenia taeniaeformis
Konno, K; Abella, J. A; Oku, Y; Nonaka, N; Kamiya, M
Journal of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 61, 4, 317, 324, 1999年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Evaluation of coproantigen diagnosis for natural Echinococcus multilocularis infection in red foxes
Morishima, Y; Tsukada, H; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 46, 4, 185, 189, 1999年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Monitoring of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in red foxes in Shiretoko, Japan, by coproantigen detection
野中, 成晃
Parasitology, 117, 2, 193, 200, Cambridge University Press, 1998年08月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The study was conducted to evaluate a mAb-based coproantigen detection assay for monitoring fox prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis infections in the Shiretoko National Park in Hokkaido, Japan. Eight fox families, each consisting of 2–4 adults and their pups, were selected because their territories have been determined. Faeces of each family (total n=537) were collected monthly from April to October, 1994. Detection of coproantigen and taeniid eggs was recognized in 58 and 27 faeces, respectively, but mostly restricted in 1 family, in which coproantigen ELISA OD values had dual peaks, one in June and the other in October, whereas taeniid eggs were detected only from April to July. Fox pup faeces (n=51) collected around the dens used by the positive family were all coproantigen and taeniid egg negative except for 1 faeces. These results suggest that the prevalence and infection pressure in the study area were low and the infected family terminated the infection in the summer and acquired a new one in the early autumn, 1994. This monitoring method for fox infection will be a practical management tool for E. multilocularis infection, especially at the tourist spots in Hokkaido where close contact of fox with humans is frequently observed.

Seroprevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs in a rural community of Honduras
Sakai, H; Sone, M; Castro, D. M; Nonaka, N; Quan, D; Canales, M; Ljungstrom, I; Sanchez, A. L
Veterinary Parasitology, 78, 3, 233, 238, 1998年08月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Time-course of antibody response in mice against oral infection with eggs of Echinococcus multilocularis
Matsumoto, J; Yagi, K; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Parasitology, 116, 5, 463, 469, 1998年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Coproantigen detection in a survey of Echinococcus multilocularis infection among red foxes, Vulpes vulpes schrencki, in Hokkaido, Japan
Sakai, H; Nonaka, N; Yagi, K; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 60, 5, 639, 641, 1998年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Coproantigen detection in a routine fox survey of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in Hokkaido, Japan
Sakai, H; Nonaka, N; Yagi, K; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Parasitology International, 47, 1, 47, 51, 1998年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Coproantigen detection in dogs experimentally and naturally infected with Echinococcus granulosus by a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Malgor, R; Nonaka, N; Basmadjian, I; Sakai, H; Carambula, B; Oku, Y; Carmona, C; Kamiya, M
International Journal for Parasitology, 27, 12, 1605, 1612, 1997年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Role of host immune response in the occurrence of gastropathy in rats infected with larval Taenia taeniaeformis
Abella, J. A; Oku, Y; Nonaka, N; Ito, M; Kamiya, M
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 59, 11, 1039, 1043, 1997年11月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Concomitant onset of hypergastrinemia, intragastric alkalinity and gastric hyperplasia, and numbers of antral G cells in Taenia taeniaeformis-infected rats
Abella, J. A; Oku, Y; Konno, K; Altamirano, Z; Nonaka, N; Kamiya, M
Parasitology International, 46, 2, 97, 104, 1997年07月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Description of Moniliformis worms from Gray Red-Backed Vole, Clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae, in Hokkaido Japan
Abe Niichiro; Nonaka Nariaki; Iwaki Takashi; GANZORIG Sumiya; ALEXANDER Jose Abella; OKU Yuzaburo; KAMIYA Masao
Parasitology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Parasitology, 46, 1, 41, 44, Elsevier, 1997年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Time course of coproantigen excretion in Echinococcus multilocularis infections in foxes and an alternative definitive host, golden hamsters
Nonaka, N; Iida, M; Yagi, K; Ito, T; Ooi, H. K; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
International Journal for Parasitology, 26, 11, 1271, 1278, 1996年11月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Parenteral strobilar development of Echinococcus multilocularis in SCID mice
Inohara, J; Playford, M; Nonaka, N; Ooi, H. K; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 44, 1, 1, 12, 1996年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Acquired Resistance against Adult Echinococcus multilocularis Infection Observed in Golden Hamsters
猪原 潤子; 野中 成晃; 黄 鴻堅; 奥 祐三郎; 神谷 正男
寄生虫学雑誌 = Japanese journal of parasitology, 45, 1, 1, 5, 日本寄生虫学会, 1996年02月, ［査読有り］
英語

In vitro maintenance of Eperythrozoon suis
Nonaka, N; Thacker, B. J; Schillhorn van Veen, T. W; Bull, R. W
Veterinary Parasitology, 61, 3-4, 181, 199, 1996年02月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Foraging behavior of red foxes Vulpes vulpes schrencki utilizing human food in the Shiretoko National Park, Hokkaido
Tsukada, H; Nonaka, N
Mammal Study, 21, 2, 137, 151, 1996年, ［査読有り］, ［最終著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Antibody production in Syphacia obvelata infected mice
Sato, Y; Ooi, H. K; Nonaka, N; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Journal of Parasitology, 81, 4, 559, 562, 1995年08月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Developmental and morphological characteristics of Taenia taeniaeformis (Batsch, 1786) in Clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae and Rattus norvegicus from different geographical locations
Iwaki, T; Nonaka, N; Okamoto, M; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Journal of Parasitology, 80, 3, 461, 467, 1994年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Infectivities of four isolates of Taenia taeniaeformis to various rodents
Nonaka, N; Iwaki, T; Okamoto, M; Ooi, H. K; Oku, Y; Ohbayashi, M; Kamiya, M
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 56, 3, 565, 567, 公益社団法人 日本獣医学会, 1994年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 札幌およびマレーシアのドブネズミ(SRN, KRN), 当別および虻田のエゾヤチネズミ(TCR, ACR)より猫条虫を分離した. SRN, KRNおよびTCR分離株はラットで嚢虫へと発育したが, マウスでは白色病巣となり, エゾヤチネズミ, スナネズミではシストおよび白色病巣の形成が認められなかった. これに反して, ACR分離株はエゾヤチネズミにおいてのみ嚢虫へと発育し, ラット, マウスでは肝臓に肉眼的病巣を認めなかった.

Survey on larval Echinococcus multilocularis and other hepatic helminths in rodents and insectivores in Hokkaido, Japan, from 1985 to1992
Iwaki, T; Hatakeyama, S; Nonaka, N; Miyaji, S; Yokohata, Y; Okamoto, M; Ooi, H. K; Oku, Y; Kamiya, M
Japanese Journal of Parasitology, 42, 6, 502, 506, 1993年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

A survey of helminth parasites in backyard flocks in Michigan by litter examination
Nonaka, N; Donoghue, A. R; Manzoni, A. M; Schillhorn van Veen; T. W
Avian Diseases, 35, 3, 554, 558, 1991年07月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

有鉤条虫Taenia soliumは「出アフリカ」で広がったのか?:アフリカ起源説についての再考
林直樹; 桑本亮; 岡田充弘; 鈴木健太; 法華津孝哉; SAMUEL Kelava; 尾針由真; 岡本宗裕; 八木欣平; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 94th (CD-ROM), 2025年

チマダニ属若ダニの実験室内吸血試験:吸血源宿主DNAの測定と寄生蜂の検出
白木雄翔; 田谷友里恵; 林直樹; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 衛生動物, 76, 2, 2025年

本邦におけるマダニ科9種の集団遺伝学的解析.
沼田栄花; 尾針由真; QIU Yongjin; 篠塚千恵子; 佐藤梢; 川端寛樹; 高野愛; 安藤秀二; 林直樹; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 衛生動物, 76, 2, 2025年

馬における消化管寄生虫診断法の現状と今後の課題
中尾亮; 法華津孝哉; 林直樹; 野中成晃, 生産地における軽種馬の疾病に関するシンポジウム講演抄録(Web), 53rd, 2025年

エキノコックスの遺伝的多様性:北海道における現状とエキノコックス症コントロールに向けた展望
林直樹; 中尾亮; 野中成晃, 日本臨床寄生虫学会大会プログラム・講演要旨, 36th, 2025年

多包条虫感染初期の肝組織応答におけるコトンラットと実験用マウスの種差
中村鉄平; 真鍋真瑠; 佐藤佳祐; 林直樹; 孝口裕一; 中尾亮; 日高正人; 松山紘之; 野中成晃; 森松正美, 日本実験動物学会総会講演要旨集(Web), 72nd, 2025年

道内牧場における馬の葉状条虫に対するプラジカンテル耐性の疑い例
法華津孝哉; 国井博和; 多田健一郎; 丹羽秀和; 大村一; 櫻井健太朗; 堤泰我; 大西龍生; 御子柴碧; 林直樹; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 北海道獣医師会雑誌, 69, 8, 2025年

道内で確定診断された乳頭糞線虫によるホルスタイン種育成牛の連続突然死
池田哲平; 牧野康太郎; 丹治雅輝; 法華津孝哉; 金子ちひろ; 室谷晴彦; 林直樹; 中尾亮; 野中成晃, 北海道獣医師会雑誌, 69, 8, 2025年

長野県の野生イノシシより検出された有鉤条虫Taenia soliumの系統学的位置づけ
林直樹; 桑本亮; 岡田充弘; 鈴木健太; 八木欣平; 中尾亮; 野中成晃, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 93rd, 2024年

ゲノミクスが解き明かす日本のエキノコックスの正体:エキノコックス症コントロールを目指した集団遺伝学的アプローチ
林直樹; 中尾亮; 尾針由真; 水谷雄基; SANGARUN Kanyatip; 入江隆夫; 孝口裕一; 日高正人; 松山紘之; 木下豪太; 岡本宗裕; 八木欣平; 野中成晃, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 93rd, 2024年

馬の円虫類における糞便検査法の比較
法華津孝哉; 村瀬晴崇; 国井博和; 林直樹; 越智章仁; 岸大貴; KWAK Mackenzie; 河合正人; 大村一; 上野孝範; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本ウマ科学会学術集会講演要旨集, 37th, 2024年

野生エゾヒグマUrsus arctos yesoensisにおける腸管内寄生虫の保有状況
森好水希; 林直樹; 野中成晃; 中尾亮; 山中正実; 坪田敏男; 下鶴倫人, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 167th, 2024年

本邦に分布する馬小円虫のミトコンドリアゲノム解析
法華津孝哉; 村瀬晴崇; 越智章仁; 上野孝範; 岸大貴; 林直樹; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 167th, 2024年

北海道における多包条虫Echinococcus multilocularisの集団遺伝構造
林直樹; 中尾亮; 尾針由真; 水谷雄基; SANGARUN Kanyatip; 入江隆夫; 孝口裕一; 日高正人; 松山紘之; 木下豪太; 岡本宗裕; 八木欣平; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 167th, 2024年

ダニ媒介性ウイルスの感染リスクに影響する生態学的要因:北海道におけるアライグマとエゾウイルスについて
伊藤萌林; 南川未来; 伊藤萌林; 南川未来; コウバ アナスタシア; 沼田栄花; 伊藤哲治; 野中成晃; 中尾亮; 大森亮介; 尾針由真; 下鶴倫人; 坪田敏男; 松野啓太; 佐鹿万里子, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 167th, 2024年

Human-biting ticks and zoonotic tick-borne pathogens in North Africa: diversity, distribution, and trans-Mediterranean public health challenges
Abdelbaset Eweda Abdelbaset; Mackenzie L. Kwak; Nariaki Nonaka; Ryo Nakao, One Health, 16, 2023年06月
書評論文,書評,文献紹介等

研究プロトコール発表 北海道の小学校6年生におけるエキノコックス症抗体保有率の調査
岩田啓芳; 山口健史; 田村菜穂美; 山本理恵子; 東條真希; 伊藤真利子; 山崎圭子; 宮下ちひろ; 伊藤佐智子; KETEMA Rahel; 池田敦子; 村林宏; 伊藤善也; 野中成晃; 岸玲子, 北海道公衆衛生学雑誌, 37, 1, 2023年

日本産マダニの原生生物叢におけるマダニ種と地域による比較
田谷友里恵; MOUSTAFA Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed; 尾針由真; 松野啓太; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 衛生動物, 74, 2, 2023年

人工膜を用いたマダニ吸血試験の試み
馬場佐織; 草木迫浩大; 田谷友里恵; 林田京子; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 衛生動物, 74, 2, 2023年

長野県木曽地域の野生イノシシより検出された有鉤条虫Taenia solium:本邦における生活環維持の可能性
林直樹; 桑本亮; 岡田充弘; 鈴木健太; 八木欣平; 中尾亮; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 166th, 2023年

マダニが保有する微生物叢の網羅的解析
田谷友里恵; MOUSTAFA Mohamed; 尾針由真; 松野啓太; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 92nd, 2023年

愛玩鶏で確認された糸状虫症
細川久美子; 山本佑; 野中成晃; 林直樹, 広島県獣医学術学会, 62nd, 2022年

マダニから分離したリケッチエラ共生菌が保有するビタミンB群代謝関連遺伝子群の特定
大前日希; THU May June; 林直樹; 今里裕平; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 衛生動物, 73, 2, 2022年

キツネへの駆虫薬散布によるエキノコックス症感染源対策の事例紹介
斎藤通彦; 小林文夫; 神谷正男; 野中成晃, 衛生動物, 73, 2, 2022年

愛玩鶏で確認された鳥糸状虫症
細川久美子; 山本佑; 野中成晃; 林直樹, 日本産業動物獣医学会(中国)・日本小動物獣医学会(中国)・日本獣医公衆衛生学会(中国), 2022, 2022年

愛玩鶏で確認された鳥糸状虫症
細川久美子; 山本佑; 黒川葵; 野中成晃; 中尾亮; 林直樹, 日本獣医師会獣医学術学会年次大会講演要旨集, 2022, 2022年

北海道天売島のウトウから採集されたマダニの形態および遺伝的特徴
田谷友里恵; 佐藤遼太郎; 尾針由真; 松野啓太; 綿貫豊; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 91st, 2022年

北海道に生息する魚類の眼球から検出されたDiplostomidae科吸虫の種および遺伝的多様性
尾針由真; 照井滋晴; 佐々木瑞希; 中尾稔; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 91st, 2022年

北海道に分布する多包条虫のミトゲノムおよび核ゲノムにおける遺伝的多様性と集団間交雑の可能性
林直樹; 入江隆夫; 尾針由真; 孝口裕一; CHATANGA Elisha; 木下豪太; 八木欣平; 中尾亮; 野中成晃, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 91st, 2022年

愛玩鶏(碁石チャボ)より検出された糸状虫の系統分類および生活環について
林直樹; 細川久美子; 山本佑; 児玉幸子; 黒川葵; 中尾亮; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 165th (CD-ROM), 2022年

北海道天売島において渡り性海鳥から発見された未記載マダニ種の形態および遺伝的特徴
田谷友里恵; 佐藤遼太朗; 尾針由真; 松野啓太; 綿貫豊; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 165th (CD-ROM), 2022年

ミトゲノムおよびゲノムワイド一塩基多型を用いたフタトゲチマダニの分子遺伝学的解析
尾針由真; 草木迫浩大; 白藤(梅宮)梨可; MOHAMED Wessam Mohamed Ahmed; MOHAMED MOUSTAFA Mohamed Abdallah啓太; CHATANGA Elisha; 松野啓太; BARKER Stephen; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 164th (CD-ROM), 2021年

ゲノムワイド一塩基多型を用いたFasciola属の分子遺伝学的比較解析
尾針由真; 林慶; 中尾亮; 野中成晃; 板垣匡, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 164th (CD-ROM), 2021年

マダニが保有する真核生物叢解析法の開発
田谷友里恵; 木下豪太; MOHAMED Wessam MA; MOUSTAFA Mohamed AM; MOUSTAFA Mohamed AM; 尾針由真; 松野啓太; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 164th (CD-ROM), 2021年

ダニミトコンドリアゲノム配列決定のための選択的全ゲノム増幅(SWGA)の応用【JST・京大機械翻訳】
CHATANGA Elisha; CHATANGA Elisha; 松本干城; MOUSTAFA Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed; 尾針由真; 邱永晋; 片倉賢; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 164th (CD-ROM), 2021年

ボリビア多民族国サンタクルス県の牛におけるBabesiaおよびAnaplasmaの感染状況
小方昌平; PEREIRA Juan Antonio; 松野啓太; 大場靖子; 澤洋文; 川森文彦; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 164th (CD-ROM), 2021年

北海道に分布する多包条虫Echinococcus multilocularisのミトゲノムにおける遺伝的多様性
林直樹; 入江隆夫; 尾針由真; 木下豪太; 孝口裕一; 八木欣平; 中尾亮; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 164th (CD-ROM), 2021年

北海道斜里町においてエゾヒグマより採集されたタカサゴキララマダニの一例
下鶴倫人; 新庄康平; 崎山智樹; 小方昌平; 草木迫浩大; 木下豪太; MOHAMED Wessam Mohamed Ahmed; MOUSTAFA Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed; 松野啓太; 伊東拓也; 野中成晃; 佐鹿万里子; 坪田敏男; 中尾亮, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 163rd, 2020年

次世代シーケンス(NGS)を用いた豚糞便中のウイルス検索:新しいBastrovirus遺伝子の発見
長井誠; 岡林環樹; 松鵜彩; 藤本佳万; 目堅博久; 中尾亮; 浅井鉄夫; 中川敬介; 伊藤壽啓; 野中成晃; 小原恭子; 猪島康雄; 水谷哲也; 三澤尚明, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 163rd, 2020年

日本における単為生殖型肝蛭の集団遺伝学的解析:野生シカと家畜ウシにおける相互伝播の解明
尾針由真; 尾針由真; 入江隆夫; 入江隆夫; 松尾加代子; 高島康弘; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃; 野中成晃; 佐藤宏; 板垣匡, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 163rd, 2020年

感受性の異なるマウス2系統を用いた多包条虫の中間宿主体内における六鉤幼虫の感染初期動態の比較解析
林直樹; 中尾亮; 孝口裕一; 今里裕平; 入江隆夫; 八木欣平; 野中成晃, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 89th, 2020年

ロングリードシーケンサーMinIONを用いた多包条虫ドラフトゲノム構築法の検討
今里裕平; 中尾亮; 孝口裕一; 入江隆夫; 八木欣平; 野中成晃, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 89th, 2020年

Haemaphysalis longicornisが保有するCoxiella様共生細菌のビタミンB群およびその補因子の代謝に関わる遺伝子の探索
草木迫浩大; 山本佳代子; 今里裕平; 山岸潤也; 白藤(梅宮)梨可; 玄学南; 野中成晃; 中尾亮, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 89th, 2020年

多包条虫卵の殺卵処理による比重変化とMini-FLOTAC装置を利用した検査法の評価
紀田泉; 孝口裕一; 入江隆夫; 八木欣平; 中尾亮; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 163rd, 2020年

ニホンジカにおける抗肺吸虫抗体の保有状況と抗体陽性シカ捕獲地周辺における肺吸虫の分布調査
吉田彩子; 吉田彩子; 尾針由真; 長安英治; 松尾加代子; 松尾加代子; 丸山治彦; 丸山治彦; 板垣匡; 野中成晃; 野中成晃, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 88th, 2019年

ニホンジカにおける抗肺吸虫抗体の保有状況調査
吉田彩子; 吉田彩子; 松尾加代子; 松尾加代子; 吹田修身; 丸山治彦; 丸山治彦; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 162nd, 2019年

Theileria parvaのCD8+抗原をコードする2つの遺伝子の配列はマラウイのワクチン非接種ウシにおけるMugugaワクチン株の存在を明らかにする
CHATANGA Elisha; 中尾亮; 林田京子; BASHIR Salim; 杉本千尋; 片倉賢; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 162nd, 2019年

Theileria orientalisの母子間伝播リスクの解明
目堅博久; 南野知也; 三栗野陽子; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎, 日本獣医師会獣医学術学会年次大会講演要旨集, 2018, 2019年

マダニが保有するスピロプラズマ属細菌の多様性
小方昌平; 中尾亮; 野中成晃; 片倉賢, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 162nd, 2019年

ニホンジカにおける抗肺吸虫抗体の保有状況調査
吉田彩子; 吉田彩子; 松尾加代子; 松尾加代子; 長安英治; 森部絢嗣; 丸山治彦; 丸山治彦; 野中成晃; 野中成晃, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 87th, 2018年

国内の鶏における鳥糸状虫症の初発事例
関口真樹; 野中成晃; 足立守; 関谷圭美; 山本佑, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 161st, 2018年

豚回虫に繰り返し感染した鶏における抗体産生と幼虫の移行動態について
園田志野; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 161st, 2018年

日本産肝蛭の集団遺伝学的解析:マイクロサテライトマーカーを用いた分布拡大の解明
尾針由真; 尾針由真; 林慶; 林慶; MOHANTA Uday Kumar; MOHANTA Uday Kumar; 入江隆夫; 松尾加代子; 松尾加代子; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃; 佐藤宏; 板垣匡; 板垣匡, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 161st, 2018年

エコー検査にて特徴的な病変を検出した肺吸虫症の猫の1例
下田琢巳; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃; 藤井梢; 中村健介, 日本産業動物獣医学会(九州)・日本小動物獣医学会(九州)・日本獣医公衆衛生学会(九州), 2018, 2018年

ハブ拠点との連携による東南アジア地域の産業動物防疫体制の強化と畜産の生産性向上
岡林環樹; 岡林環樹; 谷口喬子; 野中成晃; 野中成晃; 三澤尚明; 三澤尚明, 日本獣医師会獣医学術学会年次大会講演要旨集, 2017, 2018年

営巣地におけるチベットギツネの柔軟な日周活動性
塚田英晴; GUO Zhihong; LI Wei; DUO Hong; FU Yong; PENG Mao; SHEN Xiuying; NI Ma; 野中成晃, 日本草地学会誌, 63, 2017年

ベトナムの犬における鉤虫類感染状況とセイロン鉤虫の系統解析
足立守; NGUYEN Yen T. H.; KHANH Linh Bui; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 86th, 2017年

マイクロサテライトマーカーによる日本産肝蛭のクローン体識別能力の検証
尾針由真; 尾針由真; 林慶; 林慶; MOHANTA Uday Kumar; MOHANTA Uday Kumar; 佐藤宏; 野中成晃; 板垣匡, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 86th, 2017年

日本産肝蛭の集団遺伝学的解析:マイクロサテライトマーカーを用いたクローンの多様性
尾針由真; 尾針由真; 林慶; 林慶; MOHANTA Uday Kumar; MOHANTA Uday Kumar; 入江隆夫; 松尾加代子; 松尾加代子; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃; 佐藤宏; 板垣匡; 板垣匡, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 160th, 2017年

肉用牛におけるトキソプラズマ感染検出のための血清診断法の検討
田中舜; 吉田彩子; KHIN MYO Aye; 長安英治; 西川義文; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 160th, 2017年

ベトナム・ハノイの飼育犬における鉤虫感染状況とセイロン鉤虫の分子系統学的解析
足立守; NGUYEN Yen T. H.; BUI Khanh Linh; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 160th, 2017年

牛の出血性腸炎におけるEimeriaと腸管病原性微生物の混合感染状況の調査
平川恵太; 桐野有美; 土赤忍; 土赤忍; 目堅博久; 大松勉; 大松勉; 水谷哲也; 水谷哲也; 吉田彩子; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 160th, 2017年

牛のコクシジウム関与出血性腸炎におけるEimeriaと腸管病原性微生物の混合感染状況の調査
平川恵太; 桐野有美; 土赤忍; 土赤忍; 目堅博久; 大松勉; 大松勉; 水谷哲也; 水谷哲也; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃; 野中成晃, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 86th, 2017年

肺吸虫待機宿主としてのニホンジカの重要性
吉田彩子; 松尾加代子; 松尾加代子; 長安英治; 森部絢嗣; 野中成晃; 丸山治彦, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 86th, 2017年

肉用牛の出血性腸炎で認められる腸管病原性微生物の混合感染と病態との関連
桐野有美; 目堅博久; 野中成晃, 食肉に関する助成研究調査成果報告書, 35, 2017年

牛のコクシジウム関与出血性腸炎におけるEimeriaと腸管病原性微生物の混合感染状況の調査
平川恵太; 桐野有美; 土赤忍; 土赤忍; 目堅博久; 大松勉; 大松勉; 水谷哲也; 水谷哲也; 吉田彩子; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃; 野中成晃, 牛臨床寄生虫研究会誌, 8, 1, 2017年

北海道のエキノコックス症媒介動物対策
八木欣平; 奥祐三郎; 浦口宏二; 孝口裕一; 山野公明; 入江隆夫; 野中成晃; 福本真一郎; 森嶋康之; 小林文夫; 神谷正男; 神谷正男; 吉川泰弘, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 85th, 81, 2016年02月
日本語

ヒトの動物由来回虫症血清診断法の鶏への適用
早田弥生; 吉田彩子; 丸山治彦; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 85th, 2016年

肉用牛におけるトキソカラ属回虫,豚回虫感染の血清学的,分子生物学的検討
田中舜; 吉田彩子; 三澤尚明; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎; 丸山治彦; 森友靖生; 野中成晃; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 159th, 2016年

血清疫学的手法による鶏肉・内臓を介したヒトの動物由来回虫症への感染リスク評価
吉田彩子; NGUYEN T. H. Yen; 丸山治彦; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 159th, 2016年

ベトナムの犬における鉤虫類感染状況調査とセイロン鉤虫の系統解析
足立守; NGUYEN Thi Hoang Yen; BUI Khanh Linh; 吉田彩子; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 159th, 2016年

西日本における重症熱性血小板減少症候群(SFTS)の猟犬を用いた血清学的調査
倉田愛子; 関口敏; 桐野有美; 入江隆夫; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎; 下島昌幸; 黒田嘉紀; 乗峰潤三, 獣医疫学雑誌, 19, 1, 20, 21, 2015年07月20日
獣医疫学会, 日本語

ヒトの動物由来回虫症診断系を用いた実験感染鶏における抗体検出
早田弥生; 吉田彩子; 丸山治彦; 三澤尚明; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 158th, 2015年

人の食品由来回虫症の感染源対策:牛と家禽の疫学的役割と制御法の探索
野中成晃; 丸山治彦; 吉田彩子; 桐野有美; 堀井洋一郎; 三澤尚明; 上村涼子, 食肉に関する助成研究調査成果報告書, 33, 2015年

犬,猫,豚,鶏回虫の実験感染鶏における人の動物由来回虫症診断系を用いた抗体検出
早田弥生; 吉田彩子; 丸山治彦; 丸山治彦; 三澤尚明; 野中成晃; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎, 日本産業動物獣医学会(九州)・日本小動物獣医学会(九州)・日本獣医公衆衛生学会(九州), 2015, 2015年

肉用牛における回虫類(犬,猫,豚回虫)とトキソプラズマに対する抗体保有状況
前田智織; 吉田彩子; 芝原政幸; 篠原京子; 丸山治彦; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃, 日本産業動物獣医学会(九州)・日本小動物獣医学会(九州)・日本獣医公衆衛生学会(九州), 2015, 2015年

海外におけるエキノコックス症の発生・予防
野中成晃, 日本獣医師会獣医学術学会年次大会講演要旨集, 2014, 2015年

動物由来感染症に対するリスク管理手法に関する研究 エキノコックス等寄生虫感染撲滅のための方策の研究と効率の良い有効性評価方法の開発
八木欣平; 神谷正男; 小林文夫; 斎藤通彦; 野中成晃; 関口敏; 奥祐三郎; 梅田滋; 加地祥文; 岡崎克則; 黄鴻堅; 高橋徹; 高橋俊幸; 浦口宏二; 山野公明; 孝口裕一; 入江隆夫, 動物由来感染症に対するリスク管理手法に関する研究 平成26年度 総括・分担研究報告書, 132, 145, 2015年
日本語

肉用鶏農場における鶏および鶏舎環境から分離されたカンピロバクターおよびサルモネラのMLST型別法による分子疫学的解析
山崎 渉; 上村 涼子; 関口 敏; Dong Jianbao; 渡邉 真治; 桐野 有美; 目堅 博久; 谷口 喬子; 野中 成晃; 乗峰 潤三; 末吉 益雄; 後藤 義孝; 堀井 洋一郎; 黒木 真理子; 吉野 修司; 三澤 尚明, 日本カンピロバクター研究会総会抄録集, 7回, 11, 11, 2014年12月
日本カンピロバクター研究会, 日本語

肉用鶏農場における鶏および鶏舎環境から分離されたカンピロバクターおよびサルモネラのMLST型別法による分子疫学的解析
山崎 渉; 上村 涼子; 関口 敏; 董 建宝; 渡邉 真治; 桐野 有美; 目堅 博久; 谷口 喬子; 野中 成晃; 乗峰 潤三; 末吉 益雄; 後藤 義孝; 堀井 洋一郎; 三澤 尚明, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 157回, 444, 444, 2014年08月
(公社)日本獣医学会, 日本語

農場内に定着した中間宿主を介した非放牧牛におけるベネデン条虫感染とその対策
入江 隆夫; 太田 藍乃; 坂口 浩平; 日高 華奈子; 桐野 有美; 野中 成晃; 堀井 洋一郎, 牛臨床寄生虫研究会誌, 4, 1, 16, 16, 2014年02月
牛臨床寄生虫研究会, 日本語

宮崎大学が実施している東京大学および大阪府立大学との教育連携
野中成晃; 片本宏; 大澤健司; 堀正敏; 前多敬一郎; 笹井和美, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 157th, 2014年

人獣共通感染症としての動物由来回虫症:日本における発生状況と傾向
吉田彩子; 黒木美香; 野中成晃; 丸山治彦, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 157th, 2014年

キバノロ(Hydropotes inermis)腸管寄生コクシジウムの特徴
伊藤綾夏; 保田昌宏; KIM YoungJun; 木村順平; 野中成晃; 佐々木基樹; 那須哲夫, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 157th, 2014年

Eimeria zuerniiの遺伝的背景の検討
谷田美和子; 本川和幸; 桐野有美; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 157th, 2014年

肉用牛及び肉鶏における動物由来回虫に対する抗体保有率の検討
吉田彩子; 早田弥生; 相原茉里; 茂野佐弓; 本川和幸; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃; 丸山治彦, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 83rd, 2014年

鶏における犬・猫・豚回虫感染検査法の検討
早田弥生; 吉田彩子; 丸山治彦; 三澤尚明; 三澤尚明; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 157th, 2014年

妊娠期および分娩時の牛白血病ウイルス垂直感染リスクの解析
目堅博久; 関口敏; 本川和幸; 桐野有美; 野中成晃; 今内覚; 堀井洋一郎; 乗峰潤三, 日本産業動物獣医学会(九州)・日本小動物獣医学会(九州)・日本獣医公衆衛生学会(九州), 2014, 2014年

動物由来回虫症の日本における発生状況と傾向
吉田彩子; 黒木美香; 野中成晃; 丸山治彦, 日本寄生虫学会東日本支部大会プログラム・講演要旨, 74th, 2014年

動物由来感染症に対するリスク管理手法に関する研究 エキノコックス等寄生虫感染撲滅のための方策の研究と効率の良い有効性評価方法の開発
八木欣平; 神谷正男; ガンゾリグ スミヤ; 小林文夫; 斎藤通彦; 野中成晃; 関口敏; 奥祐三郎; 党志勝; 梅田滋; 加地祥文; 岡崎克則; 黄鴻堅; 高橋徹; 高橋俊幸; 浦口宏二; 山野公明; 孝口裕一; 入江隆夫, 動物由来感染症に対するリスク管理手法に関する研究 平成25年度 総括・分担研究報告書, 110, 117, 2014年
日本語

馬伝染性貧血ウイルス感染のnested PCRおよびreal-time PCRを用いた検出法の開発(Development of nested PCR and real-time PCR assays to detect equine infectious anemia virus infection)
董 建宝; 朱 偉; 芳賀 猛; Cook Frank; 後藤 義孝; 桐野 有美; 野中 成晃; 堀井 洋一郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 156回, 272, 272, 2013年08月
(公社)日本獣医学会, 英語

コクシジウムが関与する出血性腸炎の病態解析
桐野有美; 谷田美和子; 坂口奈緒; 蓮沼浩; 加藤敏英; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 156th, 2013年

動物由来感染症に対するリスク管理手法に関する研究 エキノコックス等寄生虫感染撲滅のための方策の研究と効率の良い有効性評価方法の開発
八木欣平; 神谷正男; 神谷正男; ガンゾリグ スミヤ; ガンゾリグ スミヤ; 小林文夫; 小林文夫; 斎藤通彦; 斎藤通彦; 野中成晃; 関谷敏; 奥祐三郎; 梅田滋; 加地祥文; 岡崎克則; 高橋徹; 浦口宏二; 山野公明; 孝口裕一, 動物由来感染症に対するリスク管理手法に関する研究 平成24年度 総括・分担研究報告書, 2013年

キバノロ腸管寄生コクシジウムの特徴
伊藤綾夏; 保田昌宏; KIM YoungJun; 木村順平; 野中成晃; 佐々木基樹; 那須哲夫, 日本野生動物医学会大会・講演要旨集, 19th, 2013年

近畿・中国・四国地方におけるイノシシ猟犬の肺吸虫感染状況調査
入江 隆夫; 山口 洋平; Doanh P.N; 波部 重久; 野中 成晃; 堀井 洋一郎, 獣医寄生虫学会誌, 10, 1-2, 19, 19, 2012年03月
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 日本語

糞便内肺吸虫卵検査におけるホルマリンエーテル法(MGL法)の再検討と新しい検査法、エーテルトラップ法の提案
山口 洋平; 入江 隆夫; 数面 麻子; 野中 成晃; 堀井 洋一郎, 獣医寄生虫学会誌, 10, 1-2, 20, 20, 2012年03月
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 日本語

牛の脂肪肝を正確に評価するための新たなバイオマーカー:paraoxonase-1活性の検討
FARID Ayman Samir; 三堂祥吾; 本川和幸; FATH Eman Mohamed; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎, 日本獣医師会雑誌, 65, 12, 2012年

Eimeria vermiformisの分離とその性状
数面麻子; 国澤明日香; 桐野有美; 桐野有美; 野中成晃; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 154th, 2012年

膵蛭Eurytrema pancreaticumと小形膵蛭E.coelomaticumの遺伝学的および形態学的鑑別の検討
坂口浩平; DOANH Pham Ngoc; 郭志宏; 甘甜甜; 昌子暢賢; 山本裕子; 新田芳樹; 岡島淳悟; DA SILVA VAZ JUNIOR Itabajara; 今内覚; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 154th, 2012年

CT検査による肺吸虫のラット体内動態の経時的観察
小西祐子; 入江隆夫; 入江隆夫; 佐藤裕之; 野中成晃; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎; 浅沼武敏; 浅沼武敏, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 154th, 2012年

動物由来感染症のリスク分析手法等に基づくリスク管理のあり方に関する研究 肉食動物に由来する感染症のリスク評価と管理手法の研究
奥祐三郎; 神谷正男; ガンゾリグ スミヤ; 小林文夫; 斎藤通彦; 巌城隆; 党志勝; 野中成晃, 動物由来感染症のリスク分析手法等に基づくリスク管理のあり方に関する研究 平成23年度 研究年度終了報告書, 2012年

中国・青海省における牧畜犬に対するテニア科条虫駆虫プログラムの実施効果の検証
郭志宏; 郭志宏; 李偉; 彭毛; 甘甜甜; 那須哲夫; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 154th, 2012年

牛の脂肪肝を正確に評価するための新たなバイオマーカー:paraoxonase-1活性の検討
FARID Ayman Samir; 三堂祥吾; 本川和幸; FATH Eman Mohamed; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎, 日本獣医師会獣医学術学会年次大会講演要旨集, 2011, 2012年

舎飼い牛における継続的なベネデン条虫症の流行
入江隆夫; 坂口浩平; 日高華奈子; 野中成晃; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎, 日本産業動物獣医学会(九州)・日本小動物獣医学会(九州)・日本獣医公衆衛生学会(九州), 2012, 49, 2012年
日本語

糞便内肺吸虫卵検査におけるホルマリンエーテル法(MGL法)の再検討と新しい検査法,エーテルトラップ法の提案
山口洋平; 入江隆夫; 数面麻子; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 152nd, 199, 199, 2011年08月31日
(公社)日本獣医学会, 日本語

近畿・中国・四国地方におけるイノシシ猟犬の肺吸虫感染状況調査
入江隆夫; 山口洋平; NGOC Doanh Pham; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 152nd, 198, 198, 2011年08月31日
(公社)日本獣医学会, 日本語

中国・四国地方におけるイノシシ猟犬の肺吸虫血清疫学調査
山口 洋平; 入江 隆夫; 三堂 祥吾; 南野 知也; 郭 志宏; 小林 郁雄; 野中 成晃; 堀井 洋一郎, 獣医寄生虫学会誌, 9, 2, 129, 129, 2011年03月
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 日本語

中国青海省における牧畜犬のテニア科条虫感染調査
郭志宏; 李偉; 彭毛; 朶紅; 沈秀英; 付勇; 那須哲夫; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 152nd, 2011年

膵蛭類の虫卵検査におけるナイロンメッシュの活用
坂口浩平; 篠原呂之; 酒井博史; 昌子暢賢; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 152nd, 2011年

Eimeria pragensis寄生がマウスの腸管および病原細菌の定着に与える影響
上村涼子; 河角みき; 野中成晃; 末吉益雄; 堀井洋一郎, 日本産業動物獣医学会(九州)・日本小動物獣医学会(九州)・日本獣医公衆衛生学会(九州), 2011, 2011年

トルトラズリル製剤の投与時期と再感染抵抗性獲得への影響
南野知也; 本川和幸; 野中成晃; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎, 日本産業動物獣医学会(九州)・日本小動物獣医学会(九州)・日本獣医公衆衛生学会(九州), 2011, 2011年

牛の脂肪肝を正確に評価するための新たなバイオマーカー:paraoxonase-1活性の検討
FARID Ayman Samir; FARID Ayman Samir; 三堂祥吾; 本川和幸; FATH Eman Mohamed; 野中成晃; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎; 堀井洋一郎, 日本産業動物獣医学会(九州)・日本小動物獣医学会(九州)・日本獣医公衆衛生学会(九州), 2011, 2011年

動物由来感染症のリスク分析手法に基づくリスク管理のあり方に関する研究 肉食動物に由来する感染症のリスク評価と管理手法の研究
奥祐三郎; 巌城隆; 野中成晃; 松本淳; 高倉彰; 神谷正男; ガンゾリグ スミヤ; 小林文夫; 斎藤通彦, 動物由来感染症のリスク分析手法等に基づくリスク管理のあり方に関する研究 平成22年度 研究成果報告書, 2011年

エキノコックス,肺吸虫,糞線虫,そして宮崎大学・医学獣医学連携による調査研究の展開
野中成晃, 日本獣医師会獣医学術学会年次大会講演要旨集, 2010, 2011年

中国・四国地方におけるイノシシ猟犬の肺吸虫血清疫学調査
山口 洋平; 入江 隆夫; 三堂 祥吾; 南野 知也; 郭 志宏; 小林 郁雄; 野中 成晃; 堀井 洋一郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 150回, 182, 182, 2010年09月
(公社)日本獣医学会, 日本語

種特異的オリゴヌクレオチドプローブを用いた犬のテニア科条虫の同定と鑑別(Identification and differentiation of canine taeniid cestodes by using species-specific oligonucleotide probes)
Armua Fernandez M.T; 野中 成晃; 櫻井 達也; Gosttstein B; Deplazes P; 片倉 賢; 奥 祐三郎, 獣医寄生虫学会誌, 8, 2, 117, 117, 2010年03月
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 英語

経時的CT検査による肺吸虫のイヌ体内動態の観察
小川篤史; 佐藤裕之; 三堂祥吾; 野中成晃; 山口洋平; 入江隆夫; 入江隆夫; 浅沼武敏; 堀井洋一郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 150th, 2010年

動物由来感染症のリスク分析手法等に基づくリスク管理のあり方に関する研究 12.肉食動物に由来する感染症の評価と管理手法の研究
奥祐三郎; 巌城隆; 野中成晃; 松本淳; 渡辺純一; 持田立子; 林菜臣; 神谷正男; 小林文夫; ガイゾリック スミヤ; 斉藤通彦, 動物由来感染症のリスク分析手法等に基づくリスク管理のあり方に関する研究 平成21年度 研究成果報告書, 2010年

多包条虫のcDNAライブラリーにおける糖蛋白のin silico解析
奥祐三郎; 野中成晃; ARMUA-FERNANDEZ Maria-Teresa; 八木欣平; 原雄一郎; 渡辺日出海; LI S; 山下理宇; 若栗浩幸; 鈴木穣; 豊田敦; 渡辺純一, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 79th, 2010年

種特異的オリゴヌクレオチドプローブ使用によるイヌのテニア科条虫の同定と識別(Identification and differentiation of canine taeniid cestodes by using species-specific oligonucleotide probes)
Fernandez Armua Maria Teresa; 野中 成晃; 櫻井 達也; Gosttstein Bruno; Deplazes Peter; 片倉 賢; 奥 祐三郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 148回, 180, 180, 2009年09月
(公社)日本獣医学会, 英語

薬用植物Brucea javanicaから抽出したクアシノイドのin vitroにおける抗エバンス.トリパノソーマ活性(Quassinoids from a medicinal plant Brucea javanica: their in vitro activities against Trypanosoma evansi)
Bawm S; 松浦 英幸; Subeki; Elkhateeb A; 鍋田 憲助; 野中 成晃; 奥 祐三郎; 片倉 賢, 獣医寄生虫学会誌, 8, 1, 65, 65, 2009年09月
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 英語

Isolation of quassinoids from a medicinal plant, Brucea javanica and their in vitro activities against Trypanosoma evansi
S. Bawm; H. Matsuura; A. Elkhateeb; K. Nabeta; Subeki; N. Nonaka; Y. Oku; K. Katakura, JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS, 32, 160, 161, 2009年08月
英語, 研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）

【人と動物の共通感染症最前線】北海道の野生動物に見られるトリヒナ症の流行状況とトリヒナの分類
金井 祐太; 井上 貴史; 野中 成晃; 片倉 賢; 間野 勉; 奥 祐三郎, 獣医畜産新報, 62, 6, 465, 466, 2009年06月
文永堂出版(株), 日本語

薬用植物Brucea javanicaから抽出したカシノイド Trypanosoma evansiに対するin vitroでの作用(Quassinoids from a medicinal plant Brucea javanica: their in vitro activities against Trypanosoma evansi)
Saw Bawm; 松浦 英幸; Subeki Subeki; Elkhateeb Ahmed; 鍋田 憲助; 野中 成晃; 奥 祐三郎; 片倉 賢, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 147回, 233, 233, 2009年03月
(公社)日本獣医学会, 英語

Eimeria vermiformis感染マウスに対するtoltrazurilの抗コクシジウム効果と再感染に対する防御効果
宮里亜依; 藤井久美子; 三堂祥吾; 山口洋平; 南野知也; 澤田寿里; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 148th, 2009年

オーストラリアからの輸入牛における単包虫の発育状況調査
郭志宏; 郭志宏; 久保明子; 工藤桃利; 二瓶和美; 堀井洋一郎; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 148th, 2009年

動物由来感染症のコントロール法の確立に関する研究 7.エキノコックスの診断法についての研究
奥祐三郎; 巌城隆; 野中成晃; 松本淳; 渡辺純一; 李爽; 山下理宇; 杉本千尋; 原雄一郎; 持田立子; 林菜臣, 動物由来感染症のコントロール法の確立に関する研究 平成20年度 研究成果報告書, 2009年

混合微生物投与マウスでのコクシジウム症に対する抵抗性の発現
宮里亜依; 藤井久美子; 三堂祥吾; 篠原呂之; 野中成晃; 堀井洋一郎, 日本産業動物獣医学会(九州)・日本小動物獣医学会(九州)・日本獣医公衆衛生学会(九州), 2009, 2009年

多包虫のcDNAライブラリーに見られた抗酸化活性関連遺伝子
平松澪; 水上智秋; 松本淳; 野中成晃; 片倉賢; LI Shuang; 山下理宇; 渡辺純一; 奥祐三郎, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 78th, 2009年

ザンビアの牛から検出された単包条虫のgenotypeについて
中村 星太; 野中 成晃; I.G.K.・フィリ; M; チェンベソフ; 井上 貴史; 松本 淳; 片倉 賢; 奥 祐三郎, 獣医寄生虫学会誌, 7, 2, 98, 98, 2008年12月
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 日本語

ザンビアの牛から検出された単包条虫のgenotypeについて
中村星太; 野中成晃; PHIRI Isaac G. K; CHEMBESOFU Mwelwa; 井上貴史; 松本淳; 片倉賢; 奥祐三郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 146th, 174, 174, 2008年09月05日
(公社)日本獣医学会, 日本語

薬用植物由来天然化合物bruceine Aのイヌ・バベシア症に対する治療効果
中尾 亮; 水上 智秋; 川村 悠太; スベキ; S.・ボン; 山崎 真大; 前出 吉光; 松浦 英幸; 高橋 公咲; 鍋田 憲助; 野中 成晃; 奥 祐三郎; 片倉 賢, 獣医寄生虫学会誌, 6, 2, 92, 92, 2008年03月
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 日本語

犬のエキノコックス症診断のための糞便内抗原簡易検出キット「エキット」の評価
野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 林臣菜; 佐藤匡美; 持田立子; 高倉彰; 神谷正男; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 146th, 2008年

犬の糞便を用いたエキノコックス抗原簡易検査キットの評価
奥祐三郎; 野中成晃; 林臣菜; 梶山博文; 持田立子; 高倉彰; 神谷正男, 北海道獣医師会雑誌, 52, 8, 2008年

多包条虫の網羅的cDNAライブラリーのin silio解析,特にプロテアーゼ類について
奥祐三郎; 李爽; 山下理宇; 渡辺純一; 野中成晃; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 146th, 2008年

動物由来感染症のコントロール法の確立に関する研究 8.野生動物・伴侶動物のエキノコックスに関する疫学研究
奥祐三郎; 野中成晃; 松本淳; 井上貴史; 金井祐太; 水上智秋; GANZORIG S.; 小林文夫; 渡辺純一; 巌城隆; 持田立子, 動物由来感染症のコントロール法の確立に関する研究 平成19年度 研究成果報告書, 2008年

アトキソプラズマ症の病態解析
森真依子; 落合謙爾; 野中成晃; 畑井仁; 越智章仁; 池上絵美; 小泉純一; 松本令以; 寸田祐嗣; 梅村孝司, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 146th, 2008年

On a comprehensive full-length cDNA library of larval Echinococcus multilocularis
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 6(2), 80, 2008年

A first record of a cat excreting Echinococcus multilocularis eggs in Japan
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 6(2), 79, 2008年

パキスタンの皮虜リーシュマニア症流行地におけるサシチョウバエの分子疫学調査
片倉賢; 川村悠太; 中尾亮; 青島圭介; 小寺亜由美; BALOCH Javed H.; BHUTTO Mour K.; SOOMRO Fafooq R.; BHUTTO Abdul M.; 松本淳; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 77th, 2008年

多包虫の寄生適応および発育・増殖に関わる分子メカニズム
松本 淳; 野中 成晃; 片倉 賢; 奥 祐三郎, 獣医寄生虫学会誌, 6, 1, 7, 12, 2007年12月
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 日本語

本邦初報告となる飼育猫からの多包条虫卵の排泄
野中成晃; 弘川治喜; 井上貴史; 中尾亮; ガンゾリク スミヤ; 小林文夫; 神谷正男; 神谷正男; 奥祐三郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 144th, 57, 2007年08月27日
日本語

若手研究者による獣医寄生虫学の新展開 エキノコックスの寄生適応および発育・増殖に関わる分子メカニズムの解析
松本 淳; 野中 成晃; 片倉 賢; 奥 祐三郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 143回, 97, 97, 2007年03月
(公社)日本獣医学会, 日本語

イヌの多包条虫症感染初期における診断のための糞便内DNA検出法の改善
稲垣 正和; 野中 成晃; 井上 貴史; 八木 欣平; 片倉 賢; 奥 祐三郎, 獣医寄生虫学会誌, 5, 2, 35, 35, 2007年03月
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 日本語

新規抗多包条虫薬の標的としての嫌気的ミトコンドリア呼吸鎖
松本淳; 坂元君年; 新庄記子; 城戸康年; 山本菜緒; 北潔; 三芳秀人; 八木欣平; 野中成晃; 片倉賢; 奥祐三郎, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 76th, 2007年

北海道のエキノコックス対策のための地域住民による駆虫薬入りベイト散布とキツネ糞便採取
奥祐三郎; 巖城隆; SUMIYA Ganzorig; 野中成晃; 宮原俊之; 岡崎克則; 神谷正男, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 76th, 2007年

テニア科条虫終宿主の確定診断法の開発と都市圏におけるエキノコックス感染環の調査に関する総合的研究 平成15年度~平成18年度
野中成晃, テニア科条虫終宿主の確定診断法の開発と都市圏におけるエキノコックス感染環の調査に関する総合的研究 平成15-18年度 No.15380205, 2007年

多包虫の網羅的cDNAライブラリーについて
奥祐三郎; 野中成晃; 松本淳; アマリアテレサ アルム; 杉本千尋; 渡辺純一; 神谷正男; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 144th, 2007年

Improvement of copro-DNA detection for diagnosis in prepatent period of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in dogs
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 5(2), 35, 2007年

Control trial against Echinococcus multilocularis by local residents
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 5(2), 36, 2007年

犬の多包条虫感染初期における診断のための糞便DNA検出法の改善
稲垣 正和; 野中 成晃; 井上 貴史; 八木 欣平; 片倉 賢; 奥 祐三郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 142回, 64, 64, 2006年08月
(公社)日本獣医学会, 日本語

多包条虫原頭節ミトコンドリア呼吸鎖の特性解析
松本淳; 坂元君年; 新庄記子; 北潔; 八木欣平; 野中成晃; 片倉賢; 奥祐三郎, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 75th, 2006年

北海道のキツネから検出されたCapillariinae亜科線虫とその虫卵表面構造
井上貴史; 金井祐太; 野中成晃; 片倉賢; 奥祐三郎, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 75th, 2006年

動物由来寄生虫症の流行地拡大防止対策に関する研究 エキノコックス症の監視体制の強化と感染源対策
神谷正男; 奥祐三郎; 野中成晃; ホセ T.ラガパ; ホセ T.ラガパ; スミヤ ガンゾリグ; 巖城隆; 小林文夫; 松本淳; 石川洋文; 今野兼次郎; 岡崎克則; 金子正美, 動物由来寄生虫症の流行地拡大防止対策に関する研究 平成15-17年度 総合研究報告書, 2006年

地域住民による北海道のエキノコックス感染源対策の試行
奥祐三郎; 巌城隆; SUMIYA Ganzorig; 野中成晃; 宮原俊之; 岡崎克則; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 142nd, 2006年

アマミノクロウサギの内部寄生虫調査
福本真一郎; 小浜菜美子; 六田衣里; 望月里衣子; 福本真也; 金井祐太; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 阿部愼太郎; 服部正策, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 75th, 2006年

国内のウサギの胃に寄生するObeliscoides(Graybill,1923)属線虫の遺伝子学的検討
福本真一郎; 小浜菜美子; 六田衣里; 福本真也; 望月里衣子; 阿部愼太郎; 倉石武; 服部正策; 金井祐太; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 142nd, 2006年

動物由来寄生虫症の流行地拡大防止対策に関する研究 エキノコックス症の感染源対策(ベイト散布による感染源対策,Multiplex-PCRによる糞主動物種鑑別法の開発,多包条虫に対する終宿主の免疫応答,本州におけるペットと豚のエキノコックス調査,エキノコックス伝播の数理モデルの開発,その他)
奥祐三郎; 神谷晴夫; 石川洋文; 今野兼次郎; 阿部仁一郎; 野中成晃; 岡崎克則; 金子正美, 動物由来寄生虫症の流行地拡大防止対策に関する研究 平成15-17年度 総合研究報告書, 2006年

動物由来寄生虫症の流行地拡大防止対策に関する研究 エキノコックス症の感染源対策(ベイト散布による感染源対策,本州におけるペットのエキノコックス調査,エキノコックス伝播の数理モデルの開発,その他)
奥祐三郎; 石川洋文; 今野兼次郎; 野中成晃; 岡崎克則; 金子正美, 動物由来寄生虫症の流行地拡大防止対策に関する研究 平成17年度 総括・分担研究報告書, 2006年

Copro-DNA diagnosis of prepatent infection with Echinococcus multilocularis in combination with anthelmintic treatment
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 4・2, 39, 2006年

Identification of animals excreting feces collected in field for epizootiological studies of echinococcosis
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 4・2, 38, 2006年

Larval development of Taenia asiatica in scid mice and gerbils and their infectivity to humans and alternative definitive hosts
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 4(2), 40, 2006年

駆虫を利用した多包条虫のプレパテント期におけるDNA診断
神広創太; 野中成晃; 野中成晃; 片倉賢; 八木欣平; 奥祐三郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 140th, 86, 86, 2005年08月31日
(公社)日本獣医学会, 日本語

多包条虫疫学調査への応用を目的とした野外採取糞便の排泄動物鑑別法の検討
野中 成晃; 佐野 隆史; 井上 貴史; 片倉 賢; 奥 祐三郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 140回, 86, 86, 2005年08月
(公社)日本獣医学会, 日本語

北海道のカエル類におけるAlaria属メソセルカリアの流行状況
金井祐太; 野中成晃; 片倉賢; 奥祐三郎, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 74th, 98, 2005年02月
日本語

北海道小樽市における駆虫薬入りベイト散布によるキツネの多包条虫感染率の低下
井上貴史; 金井祐太; 野中成晃; 片倉賢; 神谷正男; 奥祐三郎, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 74th, 75, 2005年02月
日本語

野外採取した糞便のMultiplex‐PCRによる排泄動物の鑑別―多包条虫症の動物疫学調査への応用を目的として―
佐野隆史; 井上貴史; 福井大祐; 野中成晃; 片倉賢; 神谷正男; 奥祐三郎, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 74th, 75, 2005年02月
日本語

多包条虫の染色体構造の解析
片倉賢; 松本淳; 井上貴史; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 辻雅久, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 74th, 2005年

動物由来寄生虫症の流行地拡大防止対策に関する研究 エキノコックスの感染源対策(ベイト散布による感染源対策,Multiplex-PCRによる糞由来動物種判定法の開発,多包条虫に対する終宿主の免疫応答,多包虫の増殖と14-3-3,本州におけるペットと豚のエキノコックス調査,エキノコックス伝播の数理モデルの開発,その他)
奥祐三郎; 神谷晴夫; 石川洋文; 今野兼次郎; 阿部仁一郎; 野中成晃, 動物由来寄生虫症の流行地拡大防止対策に関する研究 平成16年度 総括・分担研究報告書, 2005年

関東および東北地方の動物病院に来院したイヌおよびネコを対象として行った消化管内寄生虫感染状況調査
今野兼次郎; 畑英一; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 伊藤琢也; 酒井健夫; 神谷正男, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 74th, 2005年

SCIDマウスとスナネズミにおけるアジア条虫の幼虫の発育と人および代替終宿主に対するその感染能
張秀怜; 野中成晃; 黄鴻堅; 神谷正男; 奥祐三郎, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 140th, 2005年

エキノコックスの発生学:増殖・分化・形態形成の制御機構の解明に向けて
松本淳; 松本淳; 片倉賢; 野中成晃; HEMPHILL Andrew; GOTTSTEIN Bruno; 奥祐三郎, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 74th, 2005年

多包条虫Echinococcus multilocularis抗原の糖鎖解析
加藤尚子; 野中成晃; 松田肇; 片倉賢; 奥祐三郎, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 74th, 2005年

Epizootiology of Echinococcus multilocularis in the northeastern region of Sapporo
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 3(2), 30, 2005年

Infection and diagnosis of canine echinococcosis in pet dogs
野中 成晃, Journal of Veterinary Medicine 58(4), 341, 342, 2005年

Identification of taeniid cestode eggs - extraction of egg DNA and use of COI gene
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology, 3, 2, 31, 2005年

A servey of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs and cats in Kanto district
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology, 3, 2, 47, 2005年

Epizootiology of Echinococcus multilocularis in the northeastern region of Sapporo
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology, 3, 2, 30, 2005年

北海道小清水町における多包虫症感染源対策:駆虫薬入りベイト撤布の効果と中止後の経過
巌城隆; 井上貴史; 金井祐太; CHANG Shiou-Ling; 小林文夫; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 73rd, 2004年

駆虫薬入りベイト散布による都市周辺部でのエキノコックス症感染源対策の試み
井上貴史; 金井祐太; 巖城隆; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 73rd, 2004年

エキノコックス虫卵がキツネの被毛に付着している可能性について
小林文夫; 井上貴史; 金井祐太; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 73rd, 2004年

豆状条虫の代替宿主の検討と多包条虫終宿主診断抗体EmA9の交差反応について
野中成晃; 千種雄一; 松本淳; 松本淳; 森嶋康之; 松尾加代子; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 73rd, 2004年

エキノコックス症
奥祐三郎; 野中成晃; 八木欣平; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 137th, 2004年

テニア科条虫卵の同定法,特に虫卵DNAの抽出とCOI遺伝子の利用
加藤有香; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 137th, 2004年

関東地方におけるイヌおよびネコの寄生虫疫学調査
今野兼次郎; 畑英一; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 伊藤琢也; 酒井健夫; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 138th, 2004年

旋毛虫 Trichinella sp.の北海道各地の野生動物における流行
金井祐太; 間野勉; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 138th, 2004年

北海道に蔓延する人獣共通寄生虫・エキノコックスの終宿主確定診断法の確立とエキノコックス症感染源対策への応用
野中成晃, 上原記念生命科学財団研究報告集, 18, 2004年

札幌市北東部における多包条虫媒介動物調査
奥祐三郎; 劉俊佑; 野中成晃; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 137th, 2004年

北海道のエキノコックス症(多包条虫症)感染源対策:野生ギツネに対する駆虫薬入り餌(ベイト)散布
巌城隆; 浜崎今日子; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 塚田英晴; 神谷正男, 日本野生動物医学会大会・講演要旨集, 10th, 2004年

Canine echinococcosis
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 3・1, 17, 19, 2004年

Hookworm infection
野中 成晃, Handbook for Zoonoses. Tokyo, Japanese Society for Veterinarian, 134, 135, 2004年

Coccidiosis; Toxoplasmosis; Giardiosis; Roundworm infection; Cestode infection; Hookworm infection; Otodectic mange; List of parasitic diseases with major gastrointestinal parasites
野中 成晃, Feline clinic with major clinical signs. Y. Maede ed. Sapporo, Dairyman, 2004年

Giardiosis; Roundworm infection
野中 成晃, Zoonoses. S. Kimura and H. Kida eds. Osaka, Iyaku Journal, 2004年

症例報告 マンソン孤虫症の1例
山中 快子; 小玉 和郎; 菊池 敏郎; 中村 裕之; 野中 成晃; 清水 宏, 臨床皮膚科, 57, 8, 709, 711, 2003年07月01日
株式会社医学書院

北海道のエキノコックス感染源対策-駆虫薬入りベイト散布法の検討
奥祐三郎; 巌城隆; 野中成晃; 金井祐太; 水野文子; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 135th, 2003年

都市周辺部におけるエキノコックス感染源対策-小樽における野生キツネへの集団駆虫の試み
井上貴史; 大出武; 金井祐太; 巌城隆; 水野文子; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 135th, 2003年

ペットにおけるエキノコックス感染とその意味
野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 安東聡子; 立花徹; 玉井聡; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 135th, 2003年

ペットにおけるエキノコックス感染状況調査(1997~2002年)
神谷正男; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 安東聡子; 立花徹; 玉井聡, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 135th, 2003年

北海道小清水町における多包虫症感染源対策 駆虫薬入りベイト撤布方法の改善
巌城隆; 水野文子; 金井裕太; CHANG S-L; 加藤尚子; 浜崎今日子; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 72nd, 2003年

ペットにおけるエキノコックス感染状況調査(1997~2003年の集計)
野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 安東聡子; 立花徹; 玉井聡; 神谷正男, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 72nd, 2003年

テニア科条虫類の遺伝子同定法開発の試み
野中成晃; 江越健太郎; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 135th, 2003年

エキノコックス代替終宿主における腸管免疫応答
加藤尚子; 野中成晃; 酒井博史; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本寄生虫学会大会プログラム・抄録集, 72nd, 2003年

多包虫症感染源動物としてのペットとキツネのリスク把握と対策
神谷 正男; 野中 成晃; 奥 祐三郎; 安東 聡子, 日本衛生動物学会全国大会要旨抄録集, 55, 21, 21, 2003年
多包条虫はキツネや犬から排泄される虫卵が人への感染源となる．キツネと人との行動圏の重なりにより人やペットの感染リスクが増大している．我々は1997年より2002年12月までに道内では，犬1,649頭のエキノコックス検査を行い，抗原陽性18，虫卵陽性6頭を確認した．2002年12月には札幌市内の室内犬で初めての虫卵陽性例が出た．この他，2000年3月の有珠山噴火時の避難住民の放逐犬から抗原陽性2頭を確認した．猫については170頭中，抗原陽性4，虫卵陽性6頭を検出しているが，多包条虫卵の排出は認められていない．道外の犬64頭中2，猫2頭中0が抗原および虫卵陽性を示した．このうちの1頭は北海道からの移住犬であった．感染機会の少ない室内犬の感染例，および再感染例が確認された．放し飼いが犬の感染機会を高めていることが示唆され，ペットの飼育管理と感染予防の重要性を啓蒙する必要がある．さらに，道内で高い感染率が認められるキツネの集団駆虫による対策の現状を述べる．, 日本衛生動物学会

Control and management of parasitic zonooses maintained in wildlife : A trial of Hokkaido University against echinococcosis
野中 成晃, Technology innovation and its relations to humanities and social sciences. M. Nakamura and L. Ki-Jun eds. Sapporo, Hokkaido University Press, 93, 101, 2003年

Control of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in the definitive hosts at the outskirts of urban area : a mass-deworming trial of wild foxes in Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 2・1, 40, 2003年

Development of DNA identification system for diagnosis of taeniid cestode infections
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 2・1, 37, 2003年

Effective countermeasures against alveolar echinococcosis in red fox population of Hokkaido, Japan
野中 成晃, Echinococcosis in central Asia : Problems and solutions. P. Torgerson and B. Shaikenov eds. Zurich/Almaty, Publishing house "Dauir", 273, 282, 2003年

Control measure against the definitive hosts of Echinococcus multilocularis in Hokkaido
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 2・1, 39, 2003年

Survey on companion animals for Echinococcus multilocularis infection (1997-2002)
野中 成晃, Japanese Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 2・1, 38, 2003年

キツネとペットにおけるエキノコックス症対策-北大 獣医 寄生虫学教室の取り組み-
野中成晃, 第50回日本寄生虫学会 日本衛生動物学会 北日本支部合同大会 国際シンポジウム, 2003, 2003年

First Report of Trichinella nativa in Red Foxes（Vulpes vulpes schrencki) from Otaru City,Hokkaido,Japan
Alebel E Yimam; Oku Yuzaburo; Nonaka Nariaki; Sakai Hirofumi; Morishima Yasuyuki; Matsuo Kayoko; Giuseppe Larosa; Edoardo Pozio; Yagi Kinpei, 北海道立衛生研究所報 = Report of the Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, 52, 114, 114, 2002年11月29日
北海道小樽市で捕獲された43頭のキタキツネと9頭のタヌキについて、筋肉中のトリヒナ線虫の寄生状況を調べた。そのうち5頭のキツネからトリヒナ線虫の一種Trichinella nativaの幼虫が検出された。この発見は、北海道でキタキツネが、トリヒナ線虫の野外型の生活環維持の重要な宿主であることを示唆している。北海道におけるキタキツネからT.nativaの寄生報告は、最初のものである。, 北海道立衛生研究所, 英語

ブラジル・バイア州における豚有こう嚢虫症調査
酒井博史; バルボサ エリオ; シルバ エバンドロ; シュラビッツ ファビオ; ノロニャ ヘジャニ; 野中成晃; フランク カルロス; 上野計, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 133rd, 2002年

エキノコックス生態解析と感染源対策の現状
神谷正男; 奥祐三郎; 野中成晃; 巌城隆; 浜崎今日子; 酒井博史, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 133rd, 2002年

北海道および海外からの畜犬を介するエキノコックス本州侵入の可能性とその防止策
土井陸雄; 松田肇; 内田明彦; 神田栄次; 神谷晴夫; 紺野圭太; 玉城英彦; 野中成晃; 神谷正男, 日本公衆衛生学会総会抄録集, 61st, 2002年

札幌市における犬および猫の消化管内寄生虫調査とその駆虫,ジアルジアを中心にして
安東聡子; 高橋徹; 飯野亮太; 坂下満明; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 133rd, 2002年

小樽市のキツネおよびタヌキにおける多包条虫と旋毛虫の感染状況
金井祐太; 奥祐三郎; 野中成晃; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 133rd, 2002年

エキノコッカス症の疫学と予防の試み
奥祐三郎; 巌城隆; 浜崎今日子; 野中成晃; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 133rd, 2002年

欧州におけるエキノコックス(多包条虫)の分布拡大とその終宿主対策
神谷正男; 奥祐三郎; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 132nd, 2001年

糖を認識するモノクローナル抗体を用いたエキノコックス終宿主診断法と感染源対策への応用
野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 八木欣平; 塚田英晴; 森嶋康之; 浜崎今日子; 巌城隆; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 132nd, 2001年

北海道小樽市において春~秋期に捕獲されたキツネ及びタヌキぜん虫類の寄生状況
金井祐太; 奥祐三郎; 野中成晃; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 131st, 2001年

北海道に生息する移入動物アライグマ(Procyon lotor)の消化管内寄生蠕虫相の調査
山田 大輔; 奥 祐三郎; 野中 成晃; 浅川 満彦; 池田 透; 淺野 玄; 赤松 里香; 的場 洋平; 神谷 正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 129回, 60, 60, 2000年03月
(公社)日本獣医学会, 日本語

代替終宿主ゴールデンハムスターの多包条虫Echinococcus multilocularisに対する再感染防御および経口免疫の試み
中西遵; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 129th, 2000年

糞便内抗原検出によるエキノコックス終宿主診断法の開発
神谷正男; 高橋秀俊; 竹内雅也; 奥祐三郎; 野中成晃; 塚田英晴, 北海道の研究開発, 1999, 1999年

北海道東部に来遊する鰭脚類(トド,ゴマフアザラシ,クラカケアザラシ)におけるアニサキス科線虫の感染状況
高橋千佳; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 後藤陽子; 出口智広; 山本幸恵; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 127th, 1999年

エキノコックス(多包条虫)終宿主としてのコンパニオンアニマルの調査
神谷正男; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 森嶋康之; 塚田英晴; 高橋秀俊, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 127th, 1999年

多包条虫の排せつ・分泌抗原に対するモノクローナル抗体の作製並びに糞便内抗原検出への利用
須永絵美; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 八木欣平; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 127th, 1999年

猫条虫嚢虫重度感染ラットの胃粘膜変化におけるTGF-αおよびEGFの関与
今野兼次郎; LAGAPA J T G; 奥祐三郎; 岩永敏彦; 野中成晃; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 127th, 1999年

寄生虫・エキノコックス分布域におけるキタキツネを対象とした駆虫薬の散布実験
塚田英晴; 浜崎今日子; 小野晶子; 森嶋康之; RAGAPA J T G; 清水万里; 松尾加代子; 野中成晃; 神谷正男, 日本哺乳類学会大会プログラム・講演要旨集, 1999, 1999年

知床半島のキタキツネにお ける疥癬の発生と個体数の減少について
塚田 英晴; 岡田 秀明; 山中 正実; 野中 成晃; 奥 祐三郎, 哺乳類科学, 39, 2, 247, 256, 1999年
日本哺乳類学会, 日本語

Laboratory of Parasitology
KAMIYA Masao; OKU Yuzaburo; NONAKA Nariaki, Japanese journal of veterinary research, 46, 1, 41, 42, 1998年05月30日
北海道大学, 英語

札幌市市街化区域における多包条虫終宿主キタキツネの疫学調査
野中成晃; 塚田英晴; 森嶋康之; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 125th, 1998年

多包条虫代替終宿主モデルの改善 副腎皮質ホルモン製剤の処置法の検討
三輪英一; 松尾加代子; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 126th, 1998年

多包条虫感染キタキツネにおける診断法の検討 特に糞便内抗原検出法の信頼性について
森嶋康之; 塚田英晴; 松尾加代子; 清水万里; 野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 126th, 1998年

多包条虫実験感染犬における血清抗体応答
田中里佳; 野中成晃; 八木欣平; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 125th, 1998年

猫条虫感染ラットにおける高ガストリン血症とECL細胞の減少について
ABELLA J A; 奥祐三郎; 今野兼次郎; 野中成晃; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 124th, 1997年

多包条虫終宿主に対する簡易診断法の開発 Dot ELISAを利用した糞便内抗原検出法
野中成晃; 古沢里千子; 八木欣平; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 123rd, 1997年

札幌市および小清水町における飼い犬のエキノコックス感染状況調査
森嶋康之; 野中成晃; 塚田英晴; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 124th, 1997年

エキノコックスに自然感染したイヌの治療例
内田英二; 太田広二; 福本真一郎; 浅川満彦; 野中成晃; 森嶋康之; 八木欣平; 奥祐三郎; 新山雅美, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 124th, 1997年

人為的餌資源を利用するキタキツネの採食行動
塚田英晴; 野中成晃, 日本生態学会大会講演要旨集, 43rd, 1996年

ウルグアイの単包条虫感染犬における糞便内抗原検出法の有用性
野中成晃; MALGOR R; CARMONA C; 奥祐三郎; 神谷正男, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 122nd, 1996年

ぜん虫類の遺伝子・免疫・診断 糞便内抗原検出による多包条虫終宿主の診断:糞便材料の保存方法および保存期間による抗原性への影響の検討
野中成晃; 奥祐三郎; 飯田雅代; 神谷正男; 伊東拓也; 八木欣平; ウイ ホンキェン, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 118th, 1994年

寄生虫・エキノコックス終宿主の診断法の開発,特に糞便内抗原検出法の実用化
神谷正男; 野中成晃; 奥裕三郎; OOI H K, 食肉に関する助成研究調査成果報告書, 12(1993), 1994年

多包条虫感染動物における単クローン抗体EmA9を用いたELISAによる糞便内抗原検出の有用性 実験感染キツネから排出される抗原の経時的観察
野中成晃; 飯田雅代; 奥祐三郎; ホンキェン ウイ; 神谷正男; 伊東拓也; 八木欣平, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 117th, 1994年

代替終宿主を利用した多包条虫糞便内抗原の検討
神谷正男; 奥祐三郎; ウイ ホンキェン; 酒井博史; 野中成晃, 日本獣医学会学術集会講演要旨集, 116th, 1993年

ANALYSIS OF INNATE RESISTANCE OF RODENTS TO INFECTION BY VARIOUS STRAINS OF TAENIA TAENIAEFORMIS
NONAKA Nariaki, Japanese journal of veterinary research, 35, 2, 142, 142, 1987年04月30日
北海道大学, 英語

寄生虫病学 第3版
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 監修、第3章（総論）、第8章
緑書房, 2020年09月, 9784895315692, 274p, 日本語, ［監修］

犬と猫 寄生虫症診断アトラス［内部寄生虫］
Guaralupe Miro; Dwight D. Bow, 監訳
ベーリンガーインゲルハイムアニマルヘルスジャパン, 2020年04月

動物寄生虫病学
板垣, 匡; 藤崎, 幸蔵; 筏井, 宏実; 井上, 昇; 奥, 祐三郎; 工藤, 上; 佐藤, 宏; 菅沼, 啓輔; 杉山, 広; 平, 健介; 田仲, 哲也; 野中, 成晃; 福本, 真一郎; 松林, 誠; 松本, 淳; 横山, 直明, 馬の条虫症、反芻動物の条虫症、家禽の条虫症
朝倉書店, 2019年05月, 9784254460377, v, 359p, 日本語, ［分担執筆］

動物病院スタッフのための犬と猫の感染症ガイド
前田健; 佐藤宏, Chapter3 犬の内部寄生虫感染症 3−7 エキノコックス症、3−9 鉤虫症、Chapter8 猫の内部寄生虫感染症 8−7 エキノコックス症、8−9 鉤虫症
緑書房, 2019年04月, ［分担執筆］

臨床獣医師のための犬と猫の感染症診療
小沼守、前田健、佐藤宏, Chapter 3 犬の内部寄生虫感染症 3-7 エキノコックス症、3-9 鉤虫症、Chapter 8 猫の内部寄生虫感染症 8-7 エキノコックス症、8-9 鉤虫症
緑書房, 2018年11月, ［分担執筆］

寄生虫病学 改訂版
日本獣医寄生虫学会, 監修、第3章（総論）、第7章
緑書房, 2017年03月, 9784895312912, 229p, 日本語, ［監修］

人獣共通感染症 改訂３版
木村, 哲; 喜田, 宏, Vi. 原虫性人獣共通感染症 ８．ジアルジア症、VII. 人獣共通寄生虫症 ６．回虫症
医薬ジャーナル社, 2016年02月, 9784753227778, 550p, 日本語, ［分担執筆］

寄生虫病学
寄生虫病学共通テキスト編集委員会, 編集、第3章（総論）、第7章
緑書房, 2014年06月, 9784895311601, 222p, 日本語, ［編者(編著者)］

人獣共通感染症 改訂版
木村, 哲; 喜田, 宏, Ⅵ原虫性人獣共通感染症 8. ジアルジア症、Ⅶ人獣共通寄生虫症 6. 回虫症
医薬ジャーナル社, 2011年02月, 9784753224722, 551p, 日本語, ［分担執筆］

主要症状を基礎にした犬の臨床
前出, 吉光, 鉤虫症、回虫症、コクシジウム症、ジアルジア症、トリコモナス症、アメーバ大腸炎、鞭虫症
デーリィマン社, 2007年03月, 9784938445669, 919p(図版共), 日本語, ［分担執筆］

主要症状を基礎にした猫の臨床
前出吉光, 耳疥癬、鉤虫症、条虫症、回虫書、ジアルジア症、トキソプラズマ症、コクシジウム症、主要症状を基礎にした猫の臨床
デーリィマン社, 2004年12月01日, 4938445182, 940, 日本語, ［分担執筆］

共通感染症ハンドブック
日本獣医師会, 鉤虫症
日本農村常法システム協会, 2004年10月, ［分担執筆］

人獣共通感染症
木村, 哲; 喜田, 宏, Ⅵ原虫性人獣共通感染症 ８．ジアルジア症、Ⅶ人獣共通寄生虫症 6．回虫症
医薬ジャーナル社, 2004年08月10日, 475322094X, 447, 日本語, ［分担執筆］

Echinococcosis in central Asia: Problems and solutions
Torgerson, P; Shaikenov, B, Effective countermeasures against alveolar echinococcosis in red fox population of Hokkaido, Japan
Publishing house "Dauir", 2004年, ［分担執筆］

Technology innovation and its relations to humanities and social sciences
Nakamura, M; Ki-Jun, L, Control and management of parasitic zonooses maintained in wildlife: A trial of Hokkaido University against echinococcosis
Hokkaido University Press, 2003年, ［分担執筆］

Helminths of wildlife
Chowdhury, N; Aguirre, A. A, 12 Japan
Science Publishers, 2001年05月, ［分担執筆］

獣医寄生虫検査マニュアル
今井壮一; 神谷正男; 平詔亨; 茅根士郎, I.基礎編 2.寄生虫の検査・診断技術 2.6免疫学的検査法 (6)ウエスタンブロット
文永堂出版, 1997年11月, ［分担執筆］

Alveolar Echinococcosis: Strategy for eradication of alveolar echinococcosis of the liver
Uchino, J; Sato, N, A diagnostic method for the definitive host of Echinococcus multilocularis by coproantigen detection
Fujishoin, 1996年03月, ［分担執筆］

A diagnostic method for the definitive host of Echinococcus multilocularis by coproantigen detection
Alveolar Echinococcosis ; Strategy for Eradication of Alveolar Echinococcosis of the Liver (Fujishoin), 1996年

Biodiversity: Its Complexity and Role
Yasuno, M; Watanabe, M, Diversity of taeniid parasites transmitted thorugh predator-prey interaction
Global Environmental Forum, 1994年, ［分担執筆］

研究・臨床セミナー, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

寄生虫学特論, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 獣医学院

産業動物獣医療実習Ⅱ, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

寄生虫学特論, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 国際感染症学院

アドバンスト演習, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

人獣共通感染症対策専門特論, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 国際感染症学院

感染症学特別研究Ⅰ, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 国際感染症学院

原虫病学, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

感染症学特別演習, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 国際感染症学院

産業動物獣医療実習Ⅱ, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

感染症学特別研究ⅡA, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 国際感染症学院

帯広基礎獣医学演習, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

感染症学特別研究ⅡB, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 国際感染症学院

原虫病学・寄生虫病学実習, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

アドバンスト演習, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

アドバンスト演習, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

アドバンスト演習, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

アドバンスト演習, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

アドバンスト演習, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

アドバンスト演習, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

アドバンスト演習, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

寄生虫・寄生虫病学, 2024年, 学士課程, 獣医学部

中南米におけるテニア科条虫の疫学調査
1995年 - 2000年

Epidemiology of taeniid cestodes in Latin America
1995年 - 2000年

エキノコックス終宿主診断法の開発
1997年 - 1999年

Development of a diagnostic method for the definitive host of Echinococcus
1997年 - 1999年

ウルグアイ・アルゼンチンにおける単包条虫の疫学調査
1999年

ホンジュラス・オランチョ県におけるブタ有鉤嚢虫の疫学調査
1999年

Epidemiological Study of Echinococcus granulosus in Uruguay and Argentina
1999年

A survey of Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs in Orancho, Honduras
1999年

エキノコックス症感染源対策
1997年

ブラジル・サルバドールにおけるブタ有鉤(]J2276[)虫感染の疫学調査
1997年

Control for the definitive hosts of Echinococcus
1997年

A survey of Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs in Salvador, Brazil
1997年

ウルグアイにおける単包条虫終宿主に対する診断法の開発と疫学調査
1995年

Development of diagnostic method for the definitive host of Echinococcus granulosus and its application to epidemiological study
1995年

アラスカにおける多包条虫疫学調査
1989年

Epidemiological Study of Echinococcus multilocularis in Alaska
1989年

エキノコックス北海道流行株の制御に向けた基盤構築
科学研究費助成事業
2026年04月01日 - 2029年03月31日
野中 成晃
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 26K01906

エキノコックスとの共存へ－新知見に基づいた北海道流行群の生物学的特性の見直し－
科学研究費助成事業
2023年04月01日 - 2026年03月31日
野中 成晃; 孝口 裕一; 中尾 亮
北海道全域に広がり撲滅が困難となっている人獣共通寄生虫・エキノコックスについて、人への感染リスクを最小限に抑えながらこの寄生虫と共存するための基盤研究として、１）ミトコンドリアおよび核のゲノム情報を用いた遺伝子型別の開発、ならびに２）遺伝子型別の生物学的特性を比較解析するために遺伝子型別分離株の樹立とライブラリー化を目指した。
キツネに混合感染する複数の遺伝子型を網羅的に解析するため、複数のミトコンドリア遺伝子型を同時に検出できる高速遺伝子型別法を開発した。本法ならびに核遺伝子解析法（MIG-Seq法）を用いて、北海道が実施したキツネの定点調査から得られたキツネの腸管由来成虫群、および道東の独自調査で採取したキツネ糞便中の虫卵群の遺伝子情報を解析した。その結果、道東ではアメリカ・セントローレンス島由来であるミトコンドリア遺伝子型１と中国・四川省由来であるミトコンドリア遺伝子型２が混在し、単一のキツネ個体に異なるミトコンドリア遺伝子型が混合感染していることがわかった。さらに、核遺伝子の解析結果との照合から、道東ではトコンドリア遺伝子型１と２が交雑してハイブリッドを形成し、独自の遺伝的背景を持つ集団が形成されていることが明らかとなった。
そこで、道東の新しい集団がどのような生物学的特性を持つのかを検討するため、道東でキツネ糞便の採取を行い、糞便から虫卵を分離してマウスへ実験感染を行うことにより様々な遺伝子型の分離株樹立を試みた。今回、野外採取糞便の虫卵陽性率は25％、虫卵投与後のマウスでの感染成立率は67％であった。野外採取糞便中の虫卵の感染成立率の評価はこれまでに全く報告がないが、今回の実験により、非常に高い感染成立率であることがわかった。現在、12個のクローン分離を行っており、次年度に遺伝子型間の生物学的性状の比較解析を行う予定である。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 23K27062

エキノコックスとの共存へ－新知見に基づいた北海道流行群の生物学的特性の見直し－
科学研究費助成事業
2023年04月01日 - 2026年03月31日
野中 成晃; 孝口 裕一; 中尾 亮
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 23K27062

エキノコックスとの共存へ－新知見に基づいた北海道流行群の生物学的特性の見直し－
科学研究費助成事業
2023年04月01日 - 2026年03月31日
野中 成晃; 孝口 裕一; 中尾 亮
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 23H02369

感受性責任遺伝子探索による多包虫症の寄生体・宿主相互作用の分子機序の解明
科学研究費助成事業
2020年04月01日 - 2025年03月31日
安居院 高志; 野中 成晃; 森松 正美; 八木 欣平
本研究は多包虫（エキノコックス）感染において嚢胞内に原頭節を有する感受性の系統（DBA/2 (D2) ）と原頭節を有さない抵抗性の系統（C57BL/6 (B6)）が存在することから、原頭節の有無を制御している原因を明らかにすることである。一昨年度までにB6を遺伝的背景にD2由来の染色体断片に入れ替えた（サブ）コンジェニックマウスを用いてエキノコックス感染実験を行った結果、責任遺伝子の存在領域を3.3 cMまで狭めることができ、更にこの領域に存在する55個の遺伝子について、データベース及び我々が他の研究費で行ったRNAseqによりSNSの有無を解析したところ1つの候補遺伝子が検出された。
しかしながら、サブコンジェニックマウスを用いた感染実験において、B6マウスにおけるD2マウス由来染色体に置換された部分が小さくなるに従い、原頭節は形成されるものの原頭節の成熟度が遅れる傾向にあることが示唆された。そこで原頭節の形成の速度にこの領域の遺伝子が関与しているか否かを検討するために、一昨年度は３系統のD2由来遺伝子存在領域が異なる（サブ）コンジェニックマウス（第1世代、第2世代、第3世代）に同時にエキノコックスを感染させる実験を施行し、第2世代コンジェニックから第3世代コンジェニックが作製される際に削り取られたD2由来染色体領域の中に原頭節の成熟をコントロールする遺伝子が存在することが確認された。そこで昨年度はこの原因遺伝子の検討をおこなった。原因遺伝子候補として免疫や線維化に関する14遺伝子について親系統のB6及びD2、更に（サブ）コンジェニックの3系統の肝臓における発現量の系統差を調べた。その結果Tbx21にのみ発現量の違いが見られた。このことからTbx21が原頭節の形成速度に関与していることが示唆された。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 北海道大学, 20K06407

包虫症対策のためのユニーク且つ効果的な野生中間宿主動物コントロール法の基礎的研究
科学研究費助成事業
2020年04月01日 - 2023年03月31日
八木 欣平; 野中 成晃; 中尾 亮; 孝口 裕一; 大久保 和洋
有効な感染症対策を行うためには、病原体を維持している動物内での感染動態を明確にし、弱点を見つけ出し、そこに対策を適用しなければならない。エキノコックスの中間宿主動物における感染動態については不明な点が多く、特に宿主の感受性の量的な評価はほとんどされていない。本研究では、特殊感染実験施設内で近交系マウスを用い、虫卵感染後の寄生虫の発育動態を最新の分子学的技術により明らかにした。このことは、ワクチン等の開発に宿主の感受性の違いを考慮に入れなければならないことを示している。また野外での調査地域を設定し、そこでの感染動態について検討を行い、これまでの方策の有効性と限界について明らかにすることができた。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 20K06402

感受性責任遺伝子探索による多包虫症の寄生体・宿主相互作用の分子機序の解明
科学研究費助成事業
2020年04月01日 - 2023年03月31日
安居院 高志; 野中 成晃; 森松 正美; 八木 欣平
本研究は多包虫（エキノコックス）感染に置いて嚢胞内に原頭節を有する感受性の系統（DBA/2 (D2) ）と原頭節を有さない抵抗性の系統（C57BL/6 (B6)）が存在することから、原頭節の有無を制御している原因を明らかにすることである。昨年度までにB6を遺伝的背景にD2由来の染色体断片に入れ替えた（サブ）コンジェニックマウスを用いてエキノコックス感染実験を行った結果、責任遺伝子の存在領域を3.3 cMまで狭めることができた。この範囲内には55個の遺伝子が存在していた。候補領域内の全遺伝子55個について別の研究で作成されたRNAseqのデータを参照しSNPの有無を確認すると、34個の遺伝子においてB6とD2との間でSNPが存在していた。この34個についてEnsemblデータベースを利用しアミノ酸置換を伴っているかを確認したところ21個の遺伝子でアミノ酸置換が確認できた。D2-B6間で翻訳領域にアミノ酸置換が見られる遺伝子は10個であった。従ってこの10個の遺伝子の中に責任遺伝子が存在する可能性が示唆された。これら10個についてB6、D2、BALB/c、AKRの4つのマウス系統でSNPを比較した。その結果ある遺伝子にのみD2特異的なSNPが確認された。この遺伝子はある酵素をコードするものであった。そこでこの遺伝子をB6及びD2マウスより単離し、これを発現ベクターに組み込み、それを線維芽細胞株にトランスフェクトしその酵素活性の違いを検討した。しかし、酵素活性の測定方法の確立に時間を要し未だ結論を得ない状況である。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 北海道大学, 20K06407

包虫症対策のためのユニーク且つ効果的な野生中間宿主動物コントロール法の基礎的研究
科学研究費助成事業
2020年04月01日 - 2023年03月31日
八木 欣平; 野中 成晃; 中尾 亮; 孝口 裕一; 大久保 和洋
本邦のエキノコックス症は、多包条虫によって引き起こされる難治性の人獣共通寄生虫疾患であり、流行地域の住民とって健康上の脅威となっている。北海道で地域流行病として患者の発生が継続して見られるが、近年本州での流行が確認された。本症の感染予防には感染源である虫卵を排出する終宿主動物対策が試みられているが、効果的な対策が進んでいるとはいえず、結果的に本症の流行は本州にまで拡大している。 今回の研究は、コントロール対策の対象を野ネズミなどの中間宿主動物に向け、中間宿主動物の動物種や系統による感受性の差等の基礎的な実験的研究を行い、野外の中間宿主動物に対する新たなコントロール方法の確立のための科学的データを集積することにある。 ２年度は、初年度に確立した”中間宿主での虫卵感染後の経過時間による寄生虫の動態をリアルタイムPCRにより量的解析を行うための評価システム”、を用い継代維持を行っている多包条虫根室分離株(北海道株)を用い、感受性マウス(DBA/2)および抵抗性マウス(C57BL/6)に対し精製した虫卵を経口感染させ、この評価システムを用い、腸管への侵入段階で、中間宿主の感受性に影響を与えることを明らかにした。すなわち、感染初期の動態の把握が感受性やワクチンの効果を検証する上で重要な情報となることが予測できた。寄生蠕虫の感染初期段階の動きを知るための分子生物学的手法の適用は、世界的に類がなく、ユニークで有効な研究である。一方、中間宿主の野外での役割を検証するために、フィールドを設定し、終宿主動物に薬剤散布し、中間宿主の感染動態に対する影響を明らかにした。また、継代および保存されている多包条虫の系統間での遺伝子解析（ミトゲノム解析）をおこなった。寄生虫側の系統による中間宿主動物の感染動態の違いは、中間宿主をコントロールするための基礎的な情報となる。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 20K06402

人の食肉由来回虫症の感染源対策：南九州における牛と鶏の疫学的役割と制御法の探索
科学研究費助成事業
2015年04月01日 - 2018年03月31日
野中 成晃; 丸山 治彦; 吉田 彩子; 三澤 尚明; 上村 涼子; 堀井 洋一郎; 前田 智織; 早田 弥生; 田中 瞬; 園田 志野
ヒトの食肉由来回虫症の感染源動物として考えられている鶏および牛の診断ツールとして、豚回虫およびトキソカラ回虫（犬回虫、猫回虫）の血清抗体を特異的に検出するELISA法を開発した。これを用いて疫学調査を実施したところ、地鶏農家や肉用牛農家において人の動物由来回虫症の原因回虫が蔓延している可能性が示唆された。また、今後必要な疫学ツールとして、鶏および牛から回虫幼虫のDNAを検出できるreal-time PCR法（豚回虫検出）とnested multiplex PCR法（豚回虫、犬回虫、猫回虫検出）を開発した。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 宮崎大学, 15K07723

動物の肝機能評価に有望なparaoxonaseの基礎及び臨床応用に関する研究
科学研究費助成事業
2014年04月01日 - 2018年03月31日
堀井 洋一郎; 野中 成晃; 桐野 有美; 北原 豪
肝細胞由来酵素活性は多くの肝臓疾患で減少する。旋毛虫感染ラットでは、初期よりPON1活性が減少を続けた。その他の酵素活性も減少した。血清中の炎症性サイトカインは寄生虫の腸管内寄生期において顕著に上昇した。抗炎症性サイトカインであるIL-4やIL-10の上昇もみられた。肝臓内では炎症性細胞の浸潤や肝細胞の変性も亢進していた。肝臓内での各酵素のmRNA発現も著しく抑制されていた。旋毛虫感染はラット肝臓で炎症を誘導し、血清中の肝細胞由来酵素活性を低下させることが明らかになった。
一方、マウスで同様の感染実験を行うと、ラットと異なり抗炎症性サイトカインが感染初期から増加し、肝臓での障害が軽減された。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 宮崎大学, 26450405

中国青海省におけるエキノコックス症疫学調査と人と家畜の駆虫薬開発
科学研究費助成事業
2014年04月01日 - 2017年03月31日
野中 成晃; 塚田 英晴; 八木 欣平; 北 潔; 堀井 洋一郎; 孝口 裕一; 入江 隆夫; 李 偉; 郭 志宏; 尼 瑪; 遠海 重裕
中国青海省におけるエキノコックス症の対策に資するため、チベット遊牧民居住地周辺での疫学調査と飼育犬への駆虫試験を行った。多包条虫の終宿主となるキツネ類の糞はテントから離れた場所に多く、キツネからの直接的な感染リスクは低いと推測された。飼育犬の感染状況を調査し、教育による駆虫効果の検証を試みたが、最終年度に中国政府主導の駆虫プログラムが調査地で実施され、教育効果の検証には繋がらなかった。また、多包条虫のミトコンドリア呼吸鎖を薬剤ターゲットとして、人の治療薬開発を試みた結果、多包条虫のシスト形成を低下させ、その効果に再現性のある有効な新規化合物を見出した
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 宮崎大学, 26304041

南九州の放牧牛における膵蛭類の簡易診断法の開発と疫学調査
科学研究費助成事業
2010年 - 2012年
野中 成晃; 堀井 洋一郎
牛の膵蛭および小形膵蛭の生体診断法として、ナイロンメッシュ濾過虫卵検査法および糞便内抗原検査法を開発した。日本各地および海外(ブラジル、ベトナム)から得た虫体の遺伝子を解析して2種の種としての独立性を明らかにしたが、一方で、形態学的鑑別が困難であることを示した。さらに、これまで詳細な検討がなかった治療法として、プラジカンテル25mg/kg1回経口投与が有効であることを示した。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 宮崎大学, 22580351

西日本におけるイノシシ猟犬の肺吸虫感染状況の調査研究
科学研究費助成事業
2009年 - 2011年
堀井 洋一郎; 野中 成晃
西日本各地でイノシシ猟犬の血液中抗体検査と、糞便内虫卵検査を行ない、肺吸虫感染状況を調査した。国内の犬に感染する肺吸虫は、ウェステルマン肺吸虫、宮崎肺吸虫および大平肺吸虫の3種であり、前2者は人へも感染する人獣共通寄生虫である。中国、四国および近畿の各県で131人のオーナーにより飼育されていた441頭のイノシシ猟犬の抗体検査の結果、195頭(44. 2%)が陽性であり、肺吸虫に感染していることが示唆された。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 宮崎大学, 21580377

多包条虫の網羅的cDNA解析と寄生虫の増殖・分化の分子基盤とワクチン開発
科学研究費助成事業
2008年 - 2010年
奥 祐三郎; 野中 成晃; 渡辺 純一; 杉本 千尋; 松本 淳; 八木 欣平
人において重篤な疾病を引き起こす多包条虫に関して、この寄生虫の幼虫(12,100クローン)および成虫(9,500クローン)の遺伝子(mRNA)を網羅的にコンピューター解析した。診断・予防・治療などに利用可能と予想された分子(テトラスパニン、糖蛋白なと)については、実験で調べ、有効であることを確認した。遺伝子の機能解析のために、RNA干渉法が様々な生物で利用されているが、我々は条虫のRNA干渉法を確立した。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 20380164

エキノコックス終宿主における免疫反応の解明
地域先端技術共同研究開発
1993年 - 2010年
競争的資金

エキノコックス症の疫学調査とその対策
地域先端技術共同研究開発
1993年 - 2010年
競争的資金

Analysis of Intestinal Immunity in the Definitive Hosts of Echinococcus Multilocularis
0035 (Japanese Only)
1993年 - 2010年
競争的資金

Epidemiology and Control of Echinococcosis
0035 (Japanese Only)
1993年 - 2010年
競争的資金

エキノコックス終宿主動物の感染早期における確定診断と感染犬届け出基準の見直し
科学研究費助成事業
2007年 - 2008年
野中 成晃; 片倉 賢; 奥 祐三郎
エキノコックス終宿主動物の感染早期(感染後約4週間の虫卵排出前期)において宿主糞便中に排出されるエキノコックスDNAのPCR検出法を開発した。高感度プライマーの設計, PCR粗阻害物質除去などDNA抽出法や反応条散発的であったが, 宿主を駆虫して得られる駆虫後糞便を検査することによりDNA検出率件を最適化し, その信頼性を検証したところ, 感染早期ではDNA検出率は26~73%とは100%となった。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 19580353

リーシュマニア症の伝播機構解明に向けた診断システムの確立と新規治療薬の開発
科学研究費助成事業
2006年 - 2008年
片倉 賢; 野中 成晃; 松本 淳; 森本 一洋; 野中 成晃
リーシュマニア症はイヌや齧歯類を保虫宿主としサシチョウバエが媒介する人獣共通原虫性疾患である。本研究では, エクアドルおよびパキスタンの皮膚リーシュマニア症を診断するための抗原を解析した。パキスタン南部の皮膚リーシュマニア症の原因リーシュマニア種を明らかにした。サシチョウバエの種を同定する方法を開発した。サシチョウバエが吸血する動物種を特定した。アジア産薬用植物から抗原虫活性をもつ化合物を分離・精製し、リポソーム製剤を試作した。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 18380178

テニア科条虫終宿目の確定診断法の開発と都市圏におけるエキノコックス感染環の調査
科学研究費助成事業
2003年 - 2006年
野中 成晃; 奥 祐三郎; 神谷 正男
北海道に蔓延する人獣共通寄生虫,エキノコックス(多包条虫)は成虫がキツネやイヌなどのイヌ科動物(終宿主)に,幼虫が齧歯類(中間宿主)に寄生し,人は終宿主から排泄される虫卵の摂取によって感染する。北海道ではヒトへの感染源となるキツネの感染率が40%前後を推移し,札幌市など大都市にも感染個体が侵入して定着している。また,北海道の飼育犬の0.3-0.7%に感染が認められたことを受け,2004年10月から獣医師によるエキノコックス感染犬の届け出制が施行された。本研究は,DNA診断を取り入れた終宿主(キツネ・イヌ・ネコ)診断システムの改善,および,これを利用した都市近郊での感染環の解明と都市部のリスク評価を目的に遂行された。DNA診断の研究においては,特異的プライマーを用いたPCR法あるいはPCR-RFLP法により,形態的に区別が困難なエキノコックス属虫卵とテニア属条虫虫卵の鑑別が可能となった。また,駆虫と組み合わせることにより,感染初期で虫卵排泄前の動物に対する確定診断法への可能性が示された。さらに,現在キット化を進めている糞便内抗原検出法の評価を国内外の材料を用いて検討しその有用性を示した。調査期間中,エキノコックス虫卵を排泄している猫を日本で初めて診断,報告した。都市部近郊での疫学調査においては,札幌市内や小樽市内に生息するキツネが高率に感染していること,キツネの営巣地選択に嗜好性が見られ,これを利用して地図化することにより,キツネが多く出没する地域,すなわち,エキノコックス症感染リスクマップを作成できる可能性を示した。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 15380205

エキノコックス終宿主診断
地域先端技術共同研究開発
1993年 - 2005年
競争的資金

Diagnosis of the definitive host of Echinococcus by coproantigen detection.
0035 (Japanese Only)
1993年 - 2005年
競争的資金

エキノコックス症流行における媒介動物の位置づけと感染源対策の確立
科学研究費助成事業
1999年 - 2002年
神谷 正男; 巖城 隆; 野中 成晃; 奥 祐三郎; 森嶋 康之
小清水町および小樽市で駆虫薬散布による感染源対策を試行した。使用した駆虫薬入り餌(ベイト)は1)魚肉ソーセージに駆虫薬(プラジクアンテル)の錠剤を差し込んだもの、2)魚のすり身と魚粉を主材料とした機械生産の蒲鉾様ベイトで、キツネの営巣穴周辺、道路沿い、または道路と防風林の交点に散布した。キツネの感染状況の変化は糞便(糞便内抗原および虫卵検査)および解剖検査により判定した。両市いずれにおいてもベイト散布によりキツネの流行状況が抑えられた。一方で、ベイト散布継続の必要性が示され、今後、駆虫効果の向上のための適正な散布時期、密度や頻度等について検討する必要がある。
札幌市では市街地でキツネ営巣地が見つかり、収集した糞便から糞便内抗原および虫卵が検出された。その周辺部からはエゾヤチネズミも捕獲され、都市圏で生活環が維持される可能性が示された。札幌近郊で駆除されたキツネの解剖検査結果と直腸便を用いた糞便内抗原検出結果を比較した結果、糞便内抗原検出法の高い信頼性が示された。
ペットの調査では、1997〜2002年12月までに道内では、犬1,650頭の検査を行い、抗原陽性18頭、虫卵陽性6頭を確認した。虫卵陽性犬はすべて抗原陽性であった。2002年12月には札幌市内で室内飼育犬から初めての虫卵陽性例が確認された。この他、2000年3月の有珠山噴火時の避難住民の放逐犬から糞便内抗原陽性犬2頭を確認している。猫については170頭を検査し、抗原陽性4頭、虫卵陽性6頭を検出しているが、多包条虫卵の排出は認められていない。道外の犬および猫についてはそれぞれ64頭および2頭の検査を行い、犬2頭が抗原および虫卵陽性を示した。このうちの1頭は北海道からの転出犬であった。
以上、エキノコックス症流行における感染源動物の位置づけ・重要性を明らかにし、基本的な感染源対策(汚染環境修復)技術を開発した。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(A), 北海道大学, 11359002

寄生虫・エキノコックスの終宿主免疫応答の解析と抗原解析による免疫誘導への可能性
科学研究費助成事業
1999年 - 2000年
野中 成晃
終宿主におけるエキノコックス再感染時の獲得抵抗性を観察するために、虫卵形成異常を示すエキノコックスの分離株Aと正常な虫卵形成を示す分離株Bを用いて犬への感染実験を行った。再感染群には分離株Aを経口投与し、5週間後に分離株Bを経口投与した。対照群には分離株Aの投与は行わず、分離株Bのみを経口投与した。エキノコックス成虫に対するモノクローナル抗体、EmA9およびEmiで糞便内抗原の排出動態を観察したところ、再感染群の分離株B投与後の抗原排出量は対照群よりも抑制され、再感染時に分離株Bの定着が制限されたことが疑われた。また、実験感染後の回収虫体は両群とも大きな差がなかったが、再感染群では子宮に虫卵を包蔵しない虫体が多く含まれ、分離株Aの寄生のために、分離株Bの定着が阻害されたことを示唆する結果となった。分離株A,Bの回収数については、回収虫体のDNA分析を適用して算出する予定である。さらに、野外で捕獲したキツネよりエキノコックス成虫を回収し、成虫抗原を作成し、また、密度分離法によって成虫より虫卵を分離して虫卵抗原を作成し、スナネズミ由来の原頭節抗原とあわせて、各種エキノコックス抗原に対する血清抗体価を測定したところ、感染後に血清抗体価が上昇したが、両群間に顕著な差は認められなかった。糞便内IgAについても同様の解析を行う予定である。また、腸管の炎症反応の有無を見るために、血清急性相蛋白(CRP)の経時変化を観察したところ、感染後1週目にCRPの上昇が見られ、炎症が起こっていることが示唆された。
なお、現在、経口免疫の効果判定法として、代替終宿主であるハムスターに原頭節の感染実験を行い、原頭節抗原、成虫抗原および虫卵抗原を用いたパイエル氏板および腸管膜リンパ節のリンパ球増殖反応の実験系を確立中である。
日本学術振興会, 奨励研究(A), 北海道大学, 11760210

再興寄生虫・エキノコックスの代替終宿主モデルを用いた寄生環境の解析とワクチン開発
科学研究費助成事業
1998年 - 1999年
神谷 正男; 野中 成晃; 奥 祐三郎
多包条虫の代替終宿主モデルの改善を目的として,モデル動物(スナネズミ)に投与する副腎皮質ホルモン製剤の種類,投与量,投与経路,投与期間及び投与頻度を検討したところ、PTBA5mgを2日おきに感染1週間前から剖検時まで皮下投与することにより、動物への副作用が少なく,かつ虫体回収率が最も高くなった。また,当教室の繁殖スナネズミは近交系スナネズミよりも虫体回収率が高かった。また,ハムスターではACN系よりもCN系の感受性が高いことが示された。
PTBAの代用として用いたシクロスポリンAおよび各種アラキドン酸代謝経路遮断剤を投与した群では虫体回収率は悪かった。また,肥満細胞の欠損したW/W^Vマウスでも虫体回収率は悪く,虫体の定着に及ぼす機能免疫系を特定することはできなかった。
また,上記モデルを中南米に分布するフォーゲル包条虫に適用したところ,感染後35日目に虫卵の排泄が認められ,50日目には成熟虫体が回収された。
代替終宿主ゴールデンハムスターにおける防御免疫応答を観察するため、再感染実験および経口免疫実験を行った。初感染群に対する各群のチャレンジ感染後の回収虫体数は、再感染群で顕著に少なかったが、経口免疫群に差は認められなかった。再感染群においては、各種抗原に対する血清IgG、IgAおよび腸管内洗浄液中のIgA抗体価の上昇が認められた。一方、経口免疫群においては、どの抗原で免役した群も、成虫ES抗原に対する血清IgG抗体価の上昇のみが観察され、腸管内洗浄液中のIgA抗体価の上昇はみられなかった。
以上、代替終宿主における再感染防御と多包条虫虫体抗原に対する全身の血清IgGおよびIgA応答ならびに局所における腸管内IgA応答との関連が示唆された。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 北海道大学, 10680772

中南米における有鉤条虫と単包条虫の遺伝的多様性と環境適応
科学研究費助成事業
1998年 - 1999年
奥 祐三郎; 野中 成晃; 神谷 正男; BENAVIDEZ Ur; MALGOR Ramir; CARMONA Carl; 八木 欣平
単包条虫は全世界的に分布し、人に致命的な病害をもたらすことから、特に畜産の盛んな諸国では重要な人畜共通感染症である。本種に近縁種の有鉤条虫も脳嚢虫症を引き起こすことで中米で問題となっている。単包条虫は中間宿主を異にする種内変異が存在することがすでに知られ、それぞれの地域に適応したいくつかの株が存在することが知られている。ウルグアイの単包条虫は寄生虫の環境適応の研究には理想的なモデルと考えられる。本研究では、世界的に人体感染率が最も高いこのウルグアイの単包条虫の環境適応について知るため、特に中間宿主レベルの包虫の発育運命と、それに関与する因子について調べ、さらに多包条虫と単包条虫の今後の終宿主調査のための診断法開発を試みた。1年目の調査ではウルグアイにおけるヒツジの多包虫感染率が激減していることが示され、ウルグアイでは犬の単包条虫の感染率が近年顕著に減少し、自然感染犬の検出は困難となった。ウルグアイの単包条虫の糞便抗原検出法のためにモノクロナール抗体の作成みたが成功しなかった。2年目にはモノクロナール抗体の作成をおこない、糞便抗原検出法の検討を行った。モノクロナール抗体の作成のためにはイヌヘの感染実験を試み、回収された成虫を培養し、抗原とした。2年目に作成されたモノクロナール抗体はEgC1,2,3,4,5,6および8で、条虫間の交差反応は認められなかったが、犬回虫との交差が示唆された。ウルグアイの隣国で家畜の移動があるアルゼンチンの単包条虫の種内変異について遺伝的多様性について調べるために材料収集を行った。中米に分布するフォーゲル包条虫については代替終宿主を開発し、終宿主体内での発育を調べた。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 09041137

寄生虫・エキノコックスの糞便内抗原の解析とそれを利用した終宿主診断法の改良と応用
科学研究費助成事業
1997年 - 1998年
野中 成晃
本年度は、新しく多包条虫成虫排泄分泌(ES)抗原に対するマウスモノクローナル抗体(mAbs)を作製し、糞便内抗原検出法へ利用した。
mAbsは9種(Em a-Emi)得られ、Em a、hおよびiの3種はIgG1抗体、Em b-gの6種はIgM抗体であった。多種寄生虫抗原との反応性を調べた結果、3つのグループに分けられ(Em a,Em b-g,Em hとi)、Em hとiは多包条虫成虫および成虫ES抗原とのみ強く反応した。ウエスタンブロッティングはどのmAbsもES抗原とスメア状の反応を示し、多包条虫成虫切片の免疫染色ではmAbs(Em a,c,i)はいずれも成虫テグメントおよび虫体周囲の宿主腸管上皮と反応した。これらの反応が抗原の過ヨウ素酸処理によって喪失したことからmAbsの認識抗原が糖であることが示唆された。
そこでEm iおよびES抗原に対するポリクローナル抗体(rAb)を用いたサンドイッチELISA法により糞便内抗原の検出を試みたが、感度の低さが問題となった。感度向上のためにアビジン・ビオチン化酵素複合体法を用い、吸着抗体にrAb、一次抗体にEm i、二次抗体にビオチン化anti-mouse IgG(rAb/Em i/b-AntiM)および吸着抗体にEm i、一次抗体に現法で用いられているビオチン化EmA9を用いる検出系を選択した。
検出抗原は熱やホルマリンに対して安定であり、1%ホルマリン、熱処理を施して多包条虫卵を失活させたキツネ剖検材料を用いて各系を比較した。rAb/Em i/b-AntiM検出系と現法(rAb/b-EmA9)は同様の陽性検出率を示し、さらにEm iを用いた新しい検出系はいずれも現法で反応のみられる胞状条虫感染犬糞便とは反応せず、特異性に優れていた。いずれの検出系も単包条虫やフォーゲル包条虫感染動物の糞便内抗原の検出が可能で、他のエキノコックスの終宿主診断にも応用できることが示された。
日本学術振興会, 奨励研究(A), 北海道大学, 09760282

集約的酪農地帯における終宿主駆虫法によるエキノコックス症防除対策の確立
科学研究費助成事業
1995年 - 1997年
奥 祐三郎; 野中 成晃; 神谷 正男; 岡本 宗裕
多包条虫は北海道における重要な人獣共通寄生虫であり、最近のキツネの感染率は約40%にものぼる。北海道の自然の残っている知床国立公園、酪農地帯の代表として小清水町の終宿主の巣穴調査と感染状況調査(糞便採取と糞便の虫卵検査と糞便内抗原検出法による)、都市部との比較を行うために札幌のキツネの調査も併せて実施した。なお、予定していた駆虫薬プラジクアンテルの散布は、キツネの感染状況調査を一年間を通して観察し、年間変動の解析後行うこととしたため、駆虫薬の散布は行わなかった。
知床国立公園(調査地域26km^2)ではキツネ8家族について調査し、1家族にのみ感染を認め、感染率は高くなかった。また、その後疥癬症の流行により調査の続行は不能となった。
小清水町(調査地域200km^2)におけるキツネの調査では、168カ所の巣穴が確認され、すくなくとも31家族のキツネが調査地域に生息することが推察された。この巣穴周辺の糞便の調査では、陽性率は48.5%で、ほとんどの家族においていずれかのメンバーが多包条虫に感染していることが示唆された。このような農村地帯においてキツネが多数生息し、多包条虫感染率も高いことが確認された。一方、小清水町における飼いイヌの調査では多包条虫感染率は低いことが示された。
札幌(調査地域242km^2)の市街化区域内130カ所の公園および緑地について調査した。50カ所の公園及び緑地においてキツネの足跡が確認され、キツネの都市部における活発な活動が示唆された。さらに16カ所の巣穴が確認され、これらの巣穴周辺の糞便の検査により、糞便内抗原もしくは虫卵が確認された。市街地においても多包条虫対策の必要性が示唆された。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(A), 北海道大学, 07557204