2021年10月, 北海道医師会, 北海道医師会賞　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

2004年, 日本疫学会奨励賞　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
日本国

Body mass index and breast cancer risk in premenopausal and postmenopausal East Asian women: a pooled analysis of 13 cohort studies.
Keiko Wada, Koshi Kuboyama, Sarah Krull Abe, Md Shafiur Rahman, Md Rashedul Islam, Eiko Saito, Chisato Nagata, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Ritsu Sakata, Atsushi Hozawa, Seiki Kanemura, Hidemi Ito, Yumi Sugawara, Sue K Park, Sun-Seog Kweon, Ayami Ono, Takashi Kimura, Wanqing Wen, Isao Oze, Min-Ho Shin, Aesun Shin, Jeongseon Kim, Jung Eun Lee, Keitaro Matsuo, Nathaniel Rothman, You-Lin Qiao, Wei Zheng, Paolo Boffetta, Manami Inoue
Breast cancer research : BCR, 26, 1, 158, 158, 2024年11月14日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that the association between body mass index and breast cancer risk differs between Asian women and Western women. We aimed to assess the associations between body mass index and breast cancer incidence in East Asian women. METHODS: Pooled analyses were performed using individual participant data of 319,189 women from 13 cohort studies in Japan, Korea, and China. Participants' height and weight were obtained by measurement or self-reports at cohort baseline. Breast cancer was defined as code C50.0-C50.9 according to the International Classification. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, hazard ratios of breast cancer were estimated for each body mass index category, with the reference group set as the group with a body mass index of 21 to < 23 kg/m2. The hazard ratio for a 5 kg/m2 increase in body mass index was also calculated. RESULTS: During a mean 16.6 years of follow-up, 4819 women developed breast cancer. Similar to Westerners, a steady increase in breast cancer risk with increasing body mass index was observed in postmenopausal women, but the slope of the risk increase appeared to slow at a body mass index of 26-28 kg/m2. In premenopausal women, the inverse association seen in Westerners was not observed. The risk of developing breast cancer after 50 years of age increased slightly with increasing body mass index, which was more pronounced in the older birth cohort. There was no significant association between body mass index and the risk of developing breast cancer before 50 years of age, but the risk estimates changed from positive to negative as the birth cohort got younger. CONCLUSIONS: In East Asia, the role of body mass index in breast cancer in premenopausal women may be changing along with the increase in obesity and breast cancer. The increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer with a higher body mass index was as robust as that of Western women.

Sleep duration and risk of mortality from chronic kidney disease among Japanese adults
Shuai Guo, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Tomomi Kihara, Isao Muraki, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Sleep Health, Elsevier BV, 2024年11月
研究論文（学術雑誌）

The associations of cardiovascular and lifestyle factors with mortality from chronic kidney disease as the underlying cause: the JACC study
Shuai Guo, Tomoko Sankai, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Tomomi Kihara, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Epidemiology and Health, e2024077, e2024077, Korean Society of Epidemiology, 2024年09月13日
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Relationship of work-related and leisure-based screen time with obesity: a cross-sectional study on adults including older adults.
Hana Wakasa, Takashi Kimura, Takumi Hirata, Akiko Tamakoshi
Endocrine, 2024年08月31日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: The relationship between screen time (ST) and obesity has been demonstrated; however, few studies have differentiated between work-related and leisure-based use in Japanese adults, including older adults. This study aimed to examine the relationship between both work-related and leisure-based ST and obesity in adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was based on a questionnaire survey conducted in 2018. Overall, 9947 adults were invited; 3161 participants (31.8%) returned the questionnaire. Finally, 2488 participants (597 younger men (YM), 792 younger women (YW), 542 older men (OM), 557 older women (OW)) were included. The main exposures were work-related, leisure-based, and total ST. The outcome was obesity (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2). Log-binomial regression analysis was used to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for obesity with 1-h increments of each ST. Analyses were conducted in all participants and subgroups comprising YM, YW, OM, and OW. RESULTS: Total ST was significantly associated with obesity in all participants (PR (95% CI) 1.07 (1.04-1.10), YM (1.05 (1.01-1.10)), OM (1.13 (1.05-1.22)), and OW (1.13 (1.02-1.26)). Work-related ST was significantly associated with obesity in all participants (1.08 (1.04-1.12)), YM (1.06 (1.00-1.12)), and OM (1.24 (1.08-1.42)). Leisure-based ST was significantly associated with obesity in all participants (1.09 (1.04-1.14)), YM (1.09 (1.00-1.18)), and YW (1.10 (1.01-1.20)). CONCLUSION: ST is associated with obesity in Japanese adults including older adults; particularly, work-related ST is associated with obesity in men, and leisure-based ST, in younger individuals.

Relationships of the Surface Charge of Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) with the Serum LDL-Cholesterol and Atherosclerosis Levels in a Japanese Population: The DOSANCO Health Study.
Koshi Nakamura, Seiji Takeda, Toshihiro Sakurai, Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Takafumi Nakagawa, Akihiro Imae, Shu-Ping Hui, Hitoshi Chiba, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2024年07月03日, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: This study investigated the associations of the surface charge of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) with the serum LDL-cholesterol and atherosclerosis levels in a community-based Japanese population. METHODS: The study had a cross-sectional design and included 409 community residents aged 35-79 years who did not take medications for dyslipidemia. The potential electric charge of LDL and the zeta potential, which indicate the surface charge of LDL, were measured by laser Doppler microelectrophoresis. The correlations of the zeta potential of LDL (-mV) with the serum LDL-cholesterol levels (mg/dL), cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels (log-transformed values, mg/L) were examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). Linear regression models were constructed to examine these associations after adjusting for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: A total of 201 subjects with correctly stored samples were included in the primary analysis for zeta potential measurement. An inverse correlation was observed between the LDL zeta potential and the serum LDL-cholesterol levels (r=-0.20; p=0.004). This inverse association was observed after adjusting for sex, age, dietary cholesterol intake, smoking status, alcohol intake, body mass index, and the serum levels of the major classes of free fatty acids (standardized β=-6.94; p=0.005). However, the zeta potential of LDL showed almost no association with CAVI or the serum hsCRP levels. Similar patterns were observed in the 208 subjects with compromised samples as well as all the original 409 subjects. CONCLUSION: A higher electronegative surface charge of LDL was associated with lower serum LDL-cholesterol levels in the general Japanese population.

Association between oral frailty and Prevotella percentage in the oral microbiota of community-dwelling older adults who participated in the CHEER Iwamizawa project, Japan.
Chizuru Kimura, Kazuhito Miura, Yutaka Watanabe, Haruhisa Baba, Kimiya Ozaki, Akira Hasebe, Tokiyoshi Ayabe, Kiminori Nakamura, Shinji Nakaoka, Katsuhiko Ogasawara, Teppei Suzuki, Hiroshi Saito, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yutaka Yamazaki
Journal of oral rehabilitation, 2024年06月08日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Prevotella bacteria are associated with inherent diseases of the oral cavity, such as periodontal disease, and systemic diseases. Oral frailty (OF) has been associated with nursing necessity and death. However, the relationship between OF and oral microbiota has not been fully clarified. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study investigated the association between OF and Prevotella percentage in the oral microbiota of community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: Oral bacteria species from saliva were identified in 208 community-dwelling older individuals aged ≥60 years in Japan. The proportion of Prevotella in the oral microbiota was classified into three tertile groups, and its relationship with each test item for OF (number of remaining teeth, masticatory performance, oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure, difficulties eating tough foods, difficulties swallowing tea or soup, number of applicable OF judgement items, and existence of OF) was examined using ordinal logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The Prevotella proportions were classified into lower, middle and upper groups, comprising 70, 69 and 69 participants, respectively. The three groups showed a significant relationship between the number of remaining teeth (odds ratio [OR]: 0.946, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.915-0.977), masticatory performance (OR: 0.897, 95% CI: 0.844-0.953), number of applicable OF judgement items (OR: 1.477, 95% CI: 1.14-1.915), and existence of OF (OR: 4.194, 95% CI: 1.519-11.576). CONCLUSION: The proportion of Prevotella in oral microbiota was high in individuals with OF. Among the older adults, the type of oral microbiota and systemic diseases may be related to the examination and management of oral function decline.

Associations of hypertension and/or diabetes and the risk of dementia according to participation in social activities from an age-specific community-based cohort study (the NISSIN Project)
Rika Taniguchi, Shigekazu Ukawa, Wenjing Zhao, Satoe Okabayashi, Takashi Kimura, Yifan Shan, Masahiko Ando, Kenji Wakai, Kazuyo Tsushita, Takashi Kawamura, Akiko Tamakoshi
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus, 1, 2, 100023, 100023, Elsevier BV, 2024年06月
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Diabetes and gastric cancer incidence and mortality in the Asia Cohort Consortium: A pooled analysis of more than a half million participants.
Katherine De la Torre, Minkyo Song, Sarah Krull Abe, Md Shafiur Rahman, Md Rashedul Islam, Eiko Saito, Sukhong Min, Dan Huang, Yu Chen, Prakash C Gupta, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Wanqing Wen, Ritsu Sakata, Jeongseon Kim, Chisato Nagata, Hidemi Ito, Sue K Park, Myung-Hee Shin, Mangesh S Pednekar, Shoichiro Tsugane, Takashi Kimura, Yu-Tang Gao, Hui Cai, Keiko Wada, Isao Oze, Aesun Shin, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang
Journal of diabetes, 16, 6, e13561, 2024年06月, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests a possible link between diabetes and gastric cancer risk, but the findings remain inconclusive, with limited studies in the Asian population. We aimed to assess the impact of diabetes and diabetes duration on the development of gastric cancer overall, by anatomical and histological subtypes. METHODS: A pooled analysis was conducted using 12 prospective studies included in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Among 558 981 participants (median age 52), after a median follow-up of 14.9 years and 10.5 years, 8556 incident primary gastric cancers and 8058 gastric cancer deaths occurred, respectively. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate study-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS: Diabetes was associated with an increased incidence of overall gastric cancer (HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06-1.25). The risk association did not differ significantly by sex (women vs men: HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.07-1.60 vs 1.12, 1.01-1.23), anatomical subsites (noncardia vs cardia: 1.14, 1.02-1.28 vs 1.17, 0.77-1.78) and histological subtypes (intestinal vs diffuse: 1.22, 1.02-1.46 vs 1.00, 0.62-1.61). Gastric cancer risk increased significantly during the first decade following diabetes diagnosis (HR 4.70, 95% CI 3.77-5.86), and decreased with time (nonlinear p < .01). Positive associations between diabetes and gastric cancer mortality were observed (HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.03-1.28) but attenuated after a 2-year time lag. CONCLUSION: Diabetes was associated with an increased gastric cancer incidence regardless of sex, anatomical subsite, or subtypes of gastric cancer. The risk of gastric cancer was particularly high during the first decade following diabetes diagnosis.

Associations of depressive symptoms and instrumental activities of daily living decline by employment or participation in social activities among younger-older Japanese in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation (NISSIN) Project
Rika Taniguchi, Shigekazu Ukawa, Wenjing Zhao, Satoe Okabayashi, Takashi Kimura, Yifan Shan, Masahiko Ando, Kenji Wakai, Kazuyo Tsushita, Takashi Kawamura, Akiko Tamakoshi
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus, 1, 2, 100013, 100013, Elsevier BV, 2024年06月
研究論文（学術雑誌）

The Association between COVID-19-Related Discrimination and Probable Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Patients with COVID-19 in Sapporo, Japan.
Isaku Kurotori, Toshiaki R Asakura, Takashi Kimura, Miyuki Hori, Mariko Hosozawa, Masayuki Saijo, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 2024年05月11日, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BackgroundDisasters such as earthquakes, terrorism, and pandemics have triggered post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and discrimination against the affected individuals has been linked to the development of PTSD. However, there is limited evidence regarding the association between discrimination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and probable PTSD in Japan.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing a web-based questionnaire targeting individuals who had contracted the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Sapporo City. A total of 4247 individuals with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection spanning from February 2020 to February 2022 completed the questionnaire (response rate: 15.9%). Probable PTSD was measured using the three-item Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale. The stratified exact logistic regression was applied to calculate the odds ratios (OR) of probable PTSD for COVID-19-related discrimination with adjusted factors.ResultsThis study included 3626 patients who had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among them, 321 patients (8.9%) experienced COVID-19-related discrimination. The prevalence of probable PTSD was 19.6% (63/321) among the patients who experienced COVID-19-related discrimination, and 4.6% (152/3305) among those who had not encountered such discrimination. The adjusted OR of COVID-19-related discrimination for probable PTSD was 4.68 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 3.36-6.53). The population attributable fraction of probable PTSD attributable to COVID-19-related discrimination among COVID-19 patients was estimated to be 23.4% (95% CI, 21.5-25.3).ConclusionThe comprehensive epidemiological survey of COVID-19 patients in Japan showed that COVID-19-related discrimination was associated with a higher prevalence of probable PTSD. Mitigating discrimination could be helpful to attenuate PTSD in future pandemics.

Diabetes is associated with increased liver cancer incidence and mortality in adults: A report from Asia Cohort Consortium.
Nhan Thi Ho, Sarah Krull Abe, Md Shafiur Rahman, Rashedul Islam, Eiko Saito, Prakash C Gupta, Mangesh S Pednekar, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Akiko Tamakoshi, Takashi Kimura, Xiao-Ou Shu, Yu-Tang Gao, Woon-Puay Koh, Hui Cai, Wanqing Wen, Ritsu Sakata, Ichiro Tsuji, Reza Malekzadeh, Akram Pourshams, Seiki Kanemura, Jeongseon Kim, Yu Chen, Hidemi Ito, Isao Oze, Chisato Nagata, Keiko Wada, Yumi Sugawara, Sue K Park, Aesun Shin, Jian-Min Yuan, Renwei Wang, Sun-Seog Kweon, Min-Ho Shin, Hossein Poustchi, Hossein Molavi Vardanjani, Habibul Ahsan, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang, Paolo Boffetta
International journal of cancer, 2024年04月25日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, There has been growing evidence suggesting that diabetes may be associated with increased liver cancer risk. However, studies conducted in Asian countries are limited. This project considered data of 968,738 adults pooled from 20 cohort studies of Asia Cohort Consortium to examine the association between baseline diabetes and liver cancer incidence and mortality. Cox proportional hazard model and competing risk approach was used for pooled data. Two-stage meta-analysis across studies was also done. There were 839,194 subjects with valid data regarding liver cancer incidence (5654 liver cancer cases [48.29/100,000 person-years]), follow-up time and baseline diabetes (44,781 with diabetes [5.3%]). There were 747,198 subjects with valid data regarding liver cancer mortality (5020 liver cancer deaths [44.03/100,000 person-years]), follow-up time and baseline diabetes (43,243 with diabetes [5.8%]). Hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [95%CI]) of liver cancer diagnosis in those with vs. without baseline diabetes was 1.97 (1.79, 2.16) (p < .0001) after adjusting for baseline age, gender, body mass index, tobacco smoking, alcohol use, and heterogeneity across studies (n = 586,072; events = 4620). Baseline diabetes was associated with increased cumulative incidence of death due to liver cancer (adjusted HR (95%CI) = 1.97 (1.79, 2.18); p < .0001) (n = 595,193; events = 4110). A two-stage meta-analytic approach showed similar results. This paper adds important population-based evidence to current literature regarding the increased incidence and mortality of liver cancer in adults with diabetes. The analysis of data pooled from 20 studies of different Asian countries and the meta-analysis across studies with large number of subjects makes the results robust.

Family history and gastric cancer incidence and mortality in Asia: a pooled analysis of more than half a million participants.
Dan Huang, Minkyo Song, Sarah Krull Abe, Md Shafiur Rahman, Md Rashedul Islam, Eiko Saito, Katherine De la Torre, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Hui Cai, Atsushi Hozawa, Seiki Kanemura, Jeongseon Kim, Yu Chen, Hidemi Ito, Yumi Sugawara, Sue K Park, Myung-Hee Shin, Mayo Hirabayashi, Takashi Kimura, Yu-Tang Gao, Wanqing Wen, Isao Oze, Aesun Shin, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang
Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association, 2024年04月22日, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: The family history of gastric cancer holds important implications for cancer surveillance and prevention, yet existing evidence predominantly comes from case-control studies. We aimed to investigate the association between family history of gastric cancer and gastric cancer risk overall and by various subtypes in Asians in a prospective study. METHODS: We included 12 prospective cohorts with 550,508 participants in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate study-specific adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between family history of gastric cancer and gastric cancer incidence and mortality, then pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Stratified analyses were performed for the anatomical subsites and histological subtypes. RESULTS: During the mean follow-up of 15.6 years, 2258 incident gastric cancers and 5194 gastric cancer deaths occurred. The risk of incident gastric cancer was higher in individuals with a family history of gastric cancer (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.32-1.58), similarly in males (1.44, 1.31-1.59) and females (1.45, 1.23-1.70). Family history of gastric cancer was associated with both cardia (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.00-1.60) and non-cardia subsites (1.49, 1.35-1.65), and with intestinal- (1.48, 1.30-1.70) and diffuse-type (1.59, 1.35-1.87) gastric cancer incidence. Positive associations were also found for gastric cancer mortality (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.19-1.41). CONCLUSIONS: In this largest prospective study to date on family history and gastric cancer, a familial background of gastric cancer increased the risk of gastric cancer in the Asian population. Targeted education, screening, and intervention in these high-risk groups may reduce the burden of gastric cancer.

Active and passive smoking and breast cancer in Japan: a pooled analysis of nine population-based cohort studies.
Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Mai Utada, Ritsu Sakata, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Ren Sato, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Isao Oze, Hidemi Ito, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Yuriko N Koyanagi, Yingsong Lin, Keitaro Matsuo, Sarah K Abe, Manami Inoue
International journal of epidemiology, 53, 3, 2024年04月11日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the link between smoking and breast cancer risk, despite the biological plausibility of a positive association. METHODS: Participants were 166 611 women from nine prospective cohort studies in Japan which launched in 1984-1994 and followed for 8-22 years. Information on smoking and secondhand smoke was obtained through self-administered baseline questionnaires. Breast cancer was defined as code C50 according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd Edition or the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision. After adjusting for several potential confounders, relative risks for breast cancer were calculated in the individual studies according to the current or previous status of active and passive smoking using Cox regression, followed by a summary estimate of hazard ratios using random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS: Of the 60 441 participants who reported being premenopausal and 106 170 who reported being postmenopausal at baseline, 897 and 1168 developed breast cancer during follow-up, respectively. Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a higher risk of developing breast cancer before the age of 50 years. In addition, ever smokers who started smoking at 30 years of age or younger, or who started smoking before first childbirth, had a higher risk of developing breast cancer before the age of 50 years. No association between adulthood or childhood exposure to secondhand smoke and breast cancer was observed. CONCLUSION: Smoking may increase the risk of premenopausal breast cancer, and smoking earlier in life might be especially harmful. The impact of secondhand smoke needs further investigation.

地域一般住民における主食・主菜・副菜を組み合わせた食事の頻度と食品・栄養素摂取量との関連　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
八重樫 昭徳, 岡田 恵美子, 木村 尚史, 中村 幸志, 鵜川 重和, 中川 貴史, 今江 章宏, 松下 真美, 峯岸 夕紀子, 百々瀬 いづみ, 清水 真理, 鈴木 純子, 久保 ちづる, 山口 敦子, 武藏 学, 大久保 岩男, 玉腰 暁子
日本栄養・食糧学会大会講演要旨集, 78回, 245, 245, (公社)日本栄養・食糧学会, 2024年04月
日本語

Traditional and Social Media Usage Associated With COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Sapporo, Japan.
Satoshi Sunohara, Toshiaki R Asakura, Takashi Kimura, Masayuki Saijo, Akiko Tamakoshi
Asia-Pacific journal of public health, 10105395241240952, 10105395241240952, 2024年03月30日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, This study aimed to determine the relationship between specific information source usage and uptake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. We analyzed 3348 participants aged 20 to 65 years who were not diagnosed with COVID-19 in a case-control study in Sapporo, Japan. The most prevalent information source on COVID-19 was television (TV; 87.8%), followed by online news sites (74.3%), newspapers (38.7%), websites of public institutions (30.9%), and families (29.7%). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the adjusted odds ratios of incompletion of second vaccinations for users of TV and newspaper to gather COVID-19 information were 0.31 (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.21, 0.44]) and 0.32 (95% CI [0.20, 0.50]), respectively, whereas those for users of books, commercial video sites, Facebook, and "personal blog or bulletin board system" were 3.34 (95% CI [1.58, 7.06]), 2.22 (95% CI [1.44, 3.43]), 2.36 (95% CI [1.24, 4.48]), and 4.81 (95% CI [2.72, 8.48]), respectively. Social media use among older or male participants was associated with lower vaccine uptake.

Associations between Supper Timing and Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease among People with and without Hypertension.
Tomoki Inui, Ryoto Sakaniwa, Kokoro Shirai, Hironori Imano, Maho Ishihara, Ehab S Eshak, Jiayi Dong, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2024年03月26日, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: Less is known about the impact of supper time on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among hypertensives and nonhypertensives. We aimed to explore this issue in a cohort study. METHODS: We analyzed the data of 72,658 participants (15,386 hypertensives and 57,272 nonhypertensives) aged 40-79 years without a history of CVD at baseline (1988-1990) under the Japan Collaborative Cohort study. Supper time was assessed based on self-reported questionnaires categorized as before 17:00, between 17:00 and 20:00, after 20:00, irregular supper time, and reference supper time (17:00-20:00). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of CVD mortality were calculated according to supper time after adjustment for potential confounders, stratified by hypertensive status and age group (＜65 and ≥ 65 years). RESULTS: During a median of 19.4 years of follow-up, 4,850 CVD deaths were recorded. Compared with the reference time, the risk of CVD mortality was higher for irregular supper time for the total population, either hypertensives or nonhypertensives, more specifically hypertensives aged ≥ 65 years; the multivariable HR (95% CI) of CVD mortality in the total population was 1.28 (1.11-1.50, P＜0.01). The supper time of ＞20:00 tended to be associated with the higher risk only for hypertensives; the multivariable HR was 1.39 (0.98-1.96, P=0.06). CONCLUSION: Irregular supper time was associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality. Supper timing could be a surrogate marker for CVD risk.

Association of female reproductive and hormonal factors with gallbladder cancer risk in Asia: A pooled analysis of the Asia Cohort Consortium.
Aesun Shin, Sooyoung Cho, Sarah Krull Abe, Md Rashedul Islam, Md Shafiur Rahman, Eiko Saito, Sayada Zartasha Kazmi, Ryoko Katagiri, Melissa Merritt, Ji-Yeob Choi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Woon-Puay Koh, Ritsu Sakata, Atsushi Hozawa, Jeongseon Kim, Sue K Park, Sun-Seog Kweon, Wanqing Wen, Shoichiro Tsugane, Takashi Kimura, Jian-Min Yuan, Seiki Kanemura, Yumi Sugawara, Min-Ho Shin, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang
International journal of cancer, 2024年03月13日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The female predominance of gallbladder cancer (GBC) has led to a hypothesis regarding the hormone-related aetiology of GBC. We aimed to investigate the association between female reproductive factors and GBC risk, considering birth cohorts of Asian women. We conducted a pooled analysis of 331,323 women from 12 cohorts across 4 countries (China, Japan, Korea, and Singapore) in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the association between reproductive factors (age at menarche, parity, age at first delivery, breastfeeding, and age at menopause) and GBC risk. We observed that a later age at menarche was associated with an increased risk of GBC (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.16-1.70 for 17 years and older vs. 13-14 years), especially among the cohort born in 1940 and later (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.50-4.35). Among the cohort born before 1940, women with a later age at first delivery showed an increased risk of GBC (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.08-2.24 for 31 years of age and older vs. 20 years of age and younger). Other reproductive factors did not show a clear association with GBC risk. Later ages at menarche and at first delivery were associated with a higher risk of GBC, and these associations varied by birth cohort.

Body mass index and lung cancer risk: Pooled analysis of 10 prospective cohort studies in Japan.
Sayo Kawai, Yingsong Lin, Hiroshi Tsuge, Hidemi Ito, Keitaro Matsuo, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Nobuhiro Narii, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Mai Utada, Ritsu Sakata, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Seitaro Suzuki, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Tetsuya Mizoue, Isao Oze, Sarah Krull Abe, Manami Inoue
Cancer science, 2024年02月04日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Mounting evidence suggests that body mass index (BMI) is inversely associated with the risk of lung cancer. However, relatively few studies have explored this association in Asian people, who have a much lower prevalence of obesity than Caucasians. We pooled data from 10 prospective cohort studies involving 444,143 Japanese men and women to address the association between BMI and the risk of lung cancer. Study-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in each cohort using the Cox proportional hazards model. A meta-analysis was undertaken by combining the results from each cohort. Heterogeneity across studies was evaluated using Cochran's Q and I2 statistics. During 5,730,013 person-years of follow-up, 6454 incident lung cancer cases (4727 men and 1727 women) were identified. Baseline BMI was inversely associated with lung cancer risk in men and women combined. While leanness (BMI <18.5) was associated with a higher risk of lung cancer (HR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.16-1.57), overweight and obesity were associated with a lower risk, with HRs of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.71-0.84) and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.45-1.07), respectively. Every 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was associated with a 21% lower risk of lung cancer (HR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.75-0.83; p < 0.0001). Our pooled analysis indicated that BMI is inversely associated with the risk of lung cancer in the Japanese population. This inverse association could be partly attributed to residual confounding by smoking, as it was more pronounced among male smokers.

Relationship between school sports club membership and depressive symptoms among new recruits of the Japan Self-Defense Force: A longitudinal study
Tohru Kobayashi, Shigekazu Ukawa, Takashi Kimura, Koichi Shido, Akiko Tamakoshi
The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine, 13, 1, 1, 7, The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine, 2024年01月25日
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Differential patterns of reproductive and lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer according to birth cohorts among women in China, Japan and Korea.
Salma Nabila, Ji-Yeob Choi, Sarah Krull Abe, Md Rashedul Islam, Md Shafiur Rahman, Eiko Saito, Aesun Shin, Melissa A Merritt, Ryoko Katagiri, Xiao-Ou Shu, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Ritsu Sakata, Atsushi Hozawa, Jeongseon Kim, Chisato Nagata, Sue K Park, Sun-Seog Kweon, Hui Cai, Shoichiro Tsugane, Takashi Kimura, Seiki Kanemura, Yumi Sugawara, Keiko Wada, Min-Ho Shin, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang
Breast cancer research : BCR, 26, 1, 15, 15, 2024年01月22日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: The birth cohort effect has been suggested to influence the rate of breast cancer incidence and the trends of associated reproductive and lifestyle factors. We conducted a cohort study to determine whether a differential pattern of associations exists between certain factors and breast cancer risk based on birth cohorts. METHODS: This was a cohort study using pooled data from 12 cohort studies. We analysed associations between reproductive (menarche age, menopause age, parity and age at first delivery) and lifestyle (smoking and alcohol consumption) factors and breast cancer risk. We obtained hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the Cox proportional hazard regression analysis on the 1920s, 1930s, 1940s and 1950s birth cohorts. RESULTS: Parity was found to lower the risk of breast cancer in the older but not in the younger birth cohort, whereas lifestyle factors showed associations with breast cancer risk only among the participants born in the 1950s. In the younger birth cohort group, the effect size was lower for parous women compared to the other cohort groups (HR [95% CI] 0.86 [0.66-1.13] compared to 0.60 [0.49-0.73], 0.46 [0.38-0.56] and 0.62 [0.51-0.77]). Meanwhile, a higher effect size was found for smoking (1.45 [1.14-1.84] compared to 1.25 [0.99-1.58], 1.06 [0.85-1.32] and 0.86 [0.69-1.08]) and alcohol consumption (1.22 [1.01-1.48] compared to 1.10 [0.90-1.33], 1.15 [0.96-1.38], and 1.07 [0.91-1.26]). CONCLUSION: We observed different associations of parity, smoking and alcohol consumption with breast cancer risk across various birth cohorts.

Third Report of the Japan Diabetes Society (JDS)/Japanese Cancer Association (JCA) Joint Committee on diabetes and cancer: summary of the results of a questionnaire survey of oncologists and diabetologists-secondary publication.
Atsushi Goto, Ken Ohashi, Mitsuhiko Noda, Hiroshi Noto, Kohjiro Ueki, Manami Inoue, Rimei Nishimura, Shin Takahashi, Tatsuya Ioka, Masanobu Oshima, Kazutoshi Fujibayashi, Akihito Tsuji, Makoto Kodaira, Akiko Tamakoshi, Koshi Mimori, Yuko Tanabe, Eiji Hara, Keitaro Matsuo, Yoshinori Murakami, Hirotaka Watada
Diabetology international, 15, 1, 5, 18, 2024年01月, ［国内誌］
英語, The Japan Diabetes Society (JDS) and the Japan Cancer Association (JCA) launched a joint committee and published their "First Joint Committee Report on Diabetes and Cancer" in 2013, compiling recommendations for physicians and healthcare providers as well as for the general population. In 2016, the "Second Joint Committee Report on Diabetes and Cancer" summarized the current evidence on glycemic control and cancer risk in patients with diabetes. The current "Third Joint Committee Report on Diabetes and Cancer", for which the joint committee also enlisted the assistance of the Japanese Society of Clinical Oncology (JSCO) and the Japanese Society of Medical Oncology (JSMO), reports on the results from the questionnaire survey, "Diabetes Management in Patients Receiving Cancer Therapy," which targeted oncologists responsible for cancer management and diabetologists in charge of glycemic control in cancer patients. The results of the current survey demonstrated that there is a general consensus among oncologists and diabetologists with regard to the need for guidelines on glycemic control goals, the relevance of glycemic control, and glycemic control during cancer therapy in cancer patients.

Mortality from Aortic Disease in Relation with Sleep Duration at Night and Daytime Napping: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Nozomi Shimizu, Hiroshige Jinnouchi, Katsuhito Kato, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Tomomi Kihara, Midori Takada, Toshiaki Otsuka, Tomoyuki Kawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, Japan Atherosclerosis Society, 2024年
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Association of Finger Tapping Movements with Frailty Status in older Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
R. Shi, W. Hao, W. Zhao, T. Kimura, T. Mizuguchi, S. Ukawa, K. Kondo, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of Frailty and Aging, 2024年
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Finger tapping impairment and frailty share overlapping pathophysiology and symptoms in older adults, however, the relationship between each other has not been previously studied. Objectives: To investigate how finger tapping movements correlate with frail status in older Japanese adults. Design, Setting, and Participants: Data were from a cross-sectional study called the Cognition and Activity in Rural Environment of Hokkaido Senior Survey 2018. A total of 244 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 75.3 years) were included. Measurements: Participants underwent physical examinations, gait and finger tapping tests, and completed self-administered questionnaires. Frailty was assessed using Fried’s frailty phenotype, and factor analysis was conducted to extract relevant finger tapping factors. Multinomial logistic regression was employed to analyze associations, generating adjusted odds ratios. Results: Of the participants, 18 were frail, and 145 pre-frail. Analysis identified three distinct finger tapping patterns: “Range of Motion - Nondominant Hand,” “Variability - Dominant Hand - Anti,” and “Variability - Nondominant Hand - Anti.” These patterns showed significant associations with aspects of Fried’s frailty phenotype, particularly low physical activity (P = 0.002), weakness (P = 0.003), and slowness (P = 0.004). A larger range of motion in the nondominant hand correlated with a lower frailty risk (Odds Ratio: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.02–0.46), while higher variability in the same hand increased the risk of pre-frailty (Odds Ratio: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.09–4.39). Conclusion: Finger tapping movements are significantly associated with frailty status as determined by Fried’s phenotype. The findings underscore the importance of further longitudinal studies to understand the relationship between motor function and frailty.

Association between total fat and fatty acid intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among Japanese adults: Analysis based on the JACC study.
Akinori Yaegashi, Takashi Kimura, Kenji Wakai, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 2023年11月18日, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: We prospectively examined the association between total fat and fatty acid intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) among Japanese adults. METHODS: This study was conducted using data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC). A validated food frequency questionnaire evaluated the intake of total fat and fatty acids. Diabetes was assessed using self-reported data. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident T2D across quintiles of total fat and fatty acid intake after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: A total of 19,088 non-diabetic participants (age range, 40-79 years) enrolled in the JACC between 1988 and 1990 were included in this study. During the five-year study period, 494 the participants developed T2D. The OR of T2D for the highest versus lowest quintiles was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.37-0.90) for total fat, 0.78 (95% CI, 0.51-1.20) for saturated fatty acid (SFA), 0.55 (95% CI, 0.35-0.86) for monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), 0.61 (95% CI, 0.39-0.96) for polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), 0.64 (95% CI, 0.42-0.99) for n-3 PUFA, and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.45-1.09) for n-6 PUFA. Total fat and fatty acid (except SFA and n-6 PUFA) intake were inversely associated with T2D in men. Total fat and fatty acid intake were not associated with T2D in women. CONCLUSION: Higher intakes of total fats, MUFA, PUFA, and n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with T2D among Japanese men.

Obesity is associated with biliary tract cancer mortality and incidence: A pooled analysis of 21 cohort studies in the Asia Cohort Consortiumc.
Isao Oze, Hidemi Ito, Yuriko N Koyanagi, Sarah Krull Abe, Md Shafiur Rahman, Md Rashedul Islam, Eiko Saito, Prakash C Gupta, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Ritsu Sakata, Reza Malekzadeh, Ichiro Tsuji, Jeongseon Kim, Chisato Nagata, San-Lin You, Sue K Park, Jian-Min Yuan, Myung-Hee Shin, Sun-Seog Kweon, Mangesh S Pednekar, Shoichiro Tsugane, Takashi Kimura, Yu-Tang Gao, Hui Cai, Akram Pourshams, Yukai Lu, Seiki Kanemura, Keiko Wada, Yumi Sugawara, Chien-Jen Chen, Yu Chen, Aesun Shin, Renwei Wang, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Min-Ho Shin, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang, Keitaro Matsuo
International journal of cancer, 2023年11月15日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Body fatness is considered a probable risk factor for biliary tract cancer (BTC), whereas cholelithiasis is an established factor. Nevertheless, although obesity is an established risk factor for cholelithiasis, previous studies of the association of body mass index (BMI) and BTC did not take the effect of cholelithiasis fully into account. To better understand the effect of BMI on BTC, we conducted a pooled analysis using population-based cohort studies in Asians. In total, 905 530 subjects from 21 cohort studies participating in the Asia Cohort Consortium were included. BMI was categorized into four groups: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2 ); normal (18.5-22.9 kg/m2 ); overweight (23-24.9 kg/m2 ); and obese (25+ kg/m2 ). The association between BMI and BTC incidence and mortality was assessed using hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by Cox regression models with shared frailty. Mediation analysis was used to decompose the association into a direct and an indirect (mediated) effect. Compared to normal BMI, high BMI was associated with BTC mortality (HR 1.19 [CI 1.02-1.38] for males, HR 1.30 [1.14-1.49] for females). Cholelithiasis had significant interaction with BMI on BTC risk. BMI was associated with BTC risk directly and through cholelithiasis in females, whereas the association was unclear in males. When cholelithiasis was present, BMI was not associated with BTC death in either males or females. BMI was associated with BTC death among females without cholelithiasis. This study suggests BMI is associated with BTC mortality in Asians. Cholelithiasis appears to contribute to the association; and moreover, obesity appears to increase BTC risk without cholelithiasis.

北海道における多系統萎縮症レジストリ研究 HoRC-MSA2014-2023　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
松島 理明, 足澤 萌奈美, 工藤 彰彦, 佐久嶋 研, 金谷 泰宏, 西本 尚樹, 澤田 潤, 松岡 健, 上杉 春雄, 南 尚哉, 佐光 一也, 武井 麻子, 久原 真, 玉腰 暁子, 佐藤 典宏, 佐々木 秀直, 矢部 一郎
臨床神経学, 63, 11, 780, 780, (一社)日本神経学会, 2023年11月
日本語

Association of the age at smoking initiation and cessation on all-cause and cause-specific mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Sulaiman Haares Zuhal, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi
Nagoya journal of medical science, 85, 4, 691, 712, 2023年11月, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We estimated the association between the age at smoking initiation and cessation and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among Japanese men (n = 41,711; age 40-79 years) by analyzing data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for the Evaluation of Cancer Risks. From 1988 and 1990 to 2009, 13,429 all-cause deaths (cancers, n = 4999; cardiovascular diseases, n = 3682) occurred in this cohort. Fitted Cox proportional hazard models, with never smokers as the reference group, were created. Former smokers demonstrated a lower risk for all-cause and cause-specific mortality than current smokers, with a dose-dependent reduction in the risk based on smoking-initiation age. Among former smokers who quit smoking aged 50 years or more, the highest hazard ratios were detected for those who started smoking at <20 years of age (all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality, hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.51 [1.29-1.77], 1.68 [1.27-2.23], and 1.48 [1.12-1.96], respectively). Former smokers who quit smoking at <50 years of age had negligible all-cause or cardiovascular disease mortality regardless of the smoking-initiation age, whereas the cancer mortality risk remained significantly high among those who quit smoking at 40-49 years of age. Thus, smoking cessation significantly reduces the all-cause mortality risk; however, early initiation and later cessation do not provide a huge benefit, which earlier cessation does. Therefore, all smokers should be encouraged to quit smoking earlier in life regardless of their age at smoking initiation.

Dual decline in subjective gait speed and domain-specific cognition is associated with higher risk of incident dementia in older Japanese adults: A 15-year age-specific cohort study.
Wen Hao, Yi-Fan Shan, Takashi Kimura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Hideki Ohira, Satoe Okabayashi, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Akiko Tamakoshi
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 117, 105254, 105254, 2023年10月31日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVES: Dual decline in gait speed and cognition has been found to have higher dementia risk than no decline or pure decline. However, evidence from the Asian population is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association of dual decline from age 65 to 70 years with late-life dementia in older Japanese adults with different personal characteristics. METHODS: Data were collected from an age-specific cohort study conducted in 482 Japanese 65-year-old adults. We investigated participant demographics, medical histories, lifestyles, subjective gait speed, and cognition at both 64/65 and 70/71 years old, and confirmed dementia until age of 85 years. Cox proportion hazard models were used to estimate the risk of dementia, with adjustments for covariates, and death was treated as a competing risk. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up period of 12.5-years, 111 participants developed dementia. Older adults with dual decline are more likely to have hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and smoking habits. And we found that dual decline in gait speed and domain-specific cognition was associated with a higher risk of dementia compared with no decline in most cognitive tests, with the highest risk observed for gait speed combined with memory (sub-distribution hazard ratio:3.89, 95 %, confidence intervals: [1.68-9.01]). However, significant differences only existed in men after stratification by sex. CONCLUSIONS: A dual decline in subjective gait speed and cognition may serve as a robust predictor of dementia over a decade prior to its onset, particularly in men. These findings highlighted the importance of screening for dual decline at an early age.

Vitamin K Intake and Risk of Lung Cancer: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Fangyu Yan, Ehab S Eshak, Ahmed Arafa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of epidemiology, 33, 10, 536, 542, 2023年10月05日, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Limited reports from prospective human studies investigated the possible role of vitamin K in the development of lung cancer although vitamin K's anticarcinogenic activities were verified from several in vitro and in vivo studies. We investigated the associations between total vitamin K intake from food and the development of lung cancer based on this large prospective cohort study. METHODS: A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to examine vitamin K intake among 42,166 (16,341 men and 25,825 women) at the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study's baseline (1988-1990). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident lung cancer were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard regression method based on vitamin K consumption quartiles. RESULTS: 430 cases (308 males and 122 women) of lung cancer were documented during a total of 564,127 person-years of follow-up (median follow-up, 14.6 years). Vitamin K consumption was shown to be inversely related to lung cancer risk; the multivariable hazard ratio [HR] for the highest versus lowest quartiles was 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46-0.96; P for trend = 0.010). This relationship appears to be stronger in males (HR 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.96; P for trend = 0.016) than in females (HR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.42-1.61; P for trend = 0.39) (P for interaction = 0.012), and in ever smokers (HR 0.57; 95% CI, 0.36-0.91; P for trend = 0.006) than in never smokers (HR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.40-1.55; P for trend = 0.37) (P for interaction = 0.30). The individuals' age, body mass index, or alcohol consumption status had no effect on the observed connection. CONCLUSION: Vitamin K consumption reduces the risk of lung cancer. More research is needed to clarify the molecular processes behind this connection.

Reproductive Factors and Endometrial Cancer Risk Among Women.
Ryoko Katagiri, Motoki Iwasaki, Sarah Krull Abe, Md Rashedul Islam, Md Shafiur Rahman, Eiko Saito, Melissa A Merritt, Ji-Yeob Choi, Aesun Shin, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Woon-Puay Koh, Ritsu Sakata, Ichiro Tsuji, Jeongseon Kim, Chisato Nagata, Sue K Park, Sun-Seog Kweon, Xiao-Ou Shu, Yu-Tang Gao, Shoichiro Tsugane, Takashi Kimura, Jian-Min Yuan, Seiki Kanemura, Yukai Lu, Yumi Sugawara, Keiko Wada, Min-Ho Shin, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang
JAMA network open, 6, 9, e2332296, 2023年09月05日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, IMPORTANCE: Despite evidence of an association between reproductive factors and endometrial cancer risk, prospective studies have been conducted mainly in non-Asian countries. OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between reproductive factors, such as number of deliveries, age at menarche, or menopause, and endometrial cancer risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study used pooled individual data from 13 prospective cohort studies conducted between 1963 and 2014 in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Participants were Asian women. Data analysis was conducted from September 2019 to April 2023. EXPOSURES: Reproductive factors were assessed using a questionnaire in each cohort. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcome was time to incidence of endometrial cancer. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS: A total of 1005 endometrial cancer cases were detected among 332 625 women (mean [SD] age, 54.3 [10.4] years) during a mean (SD) of 16.5 (6.4) years of follow-up. Increasing number of deliveries was associated with a decreased endometrial cancer risk in a dose-response manner (≥5 deliveries vs nulliparous [reference]: HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.26-0.53; P for trend < .001). Compared with menarche at younger than 13 years, menarche at 17 years or older had an HR of 0.64 (95% CI, 0.48-0.86; P for trend < .001). Late menopause (age ≥55 years) showed an HR of 2.84 (95% CI, 1.78-4.55; P for trend < .001) compared with the youngest age category for menopause (<45 years). Age at first delivery, hormone therapy, and breastfeeding were not associated with endometrial cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This large pooled study of individual participant data found that late menarche, early menopause, and a higher number of deliveries were significantly associated with a lower risk of endometrial cancer. These convincing results from Asian prospective studies add to the growing body of evidence for the association between reproductive factors and endometrial cancer.

血清可溶性Fas値と肝臓癌罹患リスク(Serum soluble Fas levels and incidence of liver cancer)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
足立 靖, 野島 正寛, 森 満, 久保 俊之, 阿久津 典之, 佐々木 泰史, 仲瀬 裕志, 遠藤 高夫, 林 櫻松, 若井 建志, 玉腰 暁子
日本癌学会総会記事, 82回, 125, 125, (一社)日本癌学会, 2023年09月
英語

Breakfast Type and Cardiovascular Mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Jingyun Tang, Jia-Yi Dong, Ehab S Eshak, Renzhe Cui, Kokoro Shirai, Keyang Liu, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 30, 9, 1255, 1264, 2023年09月01日, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: Little is known regarding the association between breakfast type and cardiovascular mortality. We examined the associations between breakfast type and risks of mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and total cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS: A total of 85,319 males and females aged 40 to 79 years who were free from CVD and cancers at baseline were involved in this study. The participants were divided into five groups according to their self-reported breakfast types: Japanese breakfast, Western breakfast, mixed Japanese-Western breakfast, other breakfast, and skipping breakfast groups. All hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models after adjusting for the potential confounding factors. RESULTS: During the median 19-year follow-up, we identified CVD deaths of 5,870 subjects. Compared to the Japanese breakfast, the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of total CVD were 0.64 (0.52-0.79) for mixed Japanese-Western breakfast, 0.90 (0.77-1.04) for Western breakfast, 1.24 (0.95-1.61) for other breakfast, and 1.31 (1.00-1.71) for skipping breakfast. The corresponding HRs (95% CIs) of total stroke were 0.67 (0.49-0.91), 0.83 (0.66-1.05), 1.15 (0.76-1.74), and 1.25 (0.82-1.92), and those of CHD were 0.73 (0.48-1.12), 1.08 (0.81-1.44), 1.09 (0.60-1.98), and 1.77 (1.11-2.83). CONCLUSION: Compared to Japanese breakfast, mixed Japanese-Western breakfast may have a protective role in cardiovascular mortality whereas skipping breakfast may harm cardiovascular health.

Childhood secondhand smoke exposure and respiratory disease mortality among never-smokers: the Japan collaborative cohort study for evaluation of cancer risk.
Haruna Kawachi, Masayuki Teramoto, Isao Muraki, Kokoro Shirai, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of public health (Oxford, England), 45, 3, 604, 611, 2023年08月28日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: The main source of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure during childhood occurs at home due to close family members who smoke. This study examined the association between childhood SHS exposure and the risk of respiratory disease mortality among non-smoking adults. METHODS: Data from 44 233 never-smoking Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years who participated in the JACC study between 1988 and 1990 were analyzed. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of respiratory disease mortality according to the number of smoking family members during childhood. Subdistribution HRs (SHRs) were calculated as a competing risk analysis. RESULTS: A total of 735 deaths from respiratory diseases were documented in a median follow-up of 19.2 years. Living with three or more smoking family members during childhood was associated with a higher risk of respiratory disease mortality in adulthood among women; multivariable SHR compared with participants with no family member smokers during childhood was 1.60 (1.01-2.54) for participants with three or more family members who smoked during their childhood. CONCLUSIONS: SHS exposure from three or more family members during childhood was associated with an increased risk of respiratory disease-related mortality in adulthood.

Five-year changes of social activity and incident long-term care needs among depressed older adults: A 15-year follow up.
Yifan Shan, Wenjing Zhao, Wen Hao, Takashi Kimura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Hideki Ohira, Takashi Kawamura, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Akiko Tamakoshi, Chengzeng Wang
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 116, 105163, 105163, 2023年08月20日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of changes in individual/multiple social activities between 65 and 70 years of age on incident long-term care (LTC) needs between 70 and 80 in older adults with depressive symptoms. METHODS: Participants were recruited from the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project, an ongoing prospective cohort study. A total of 525 older adults with depressive symptoms were included. The validated 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms. A self-report questionnaire was used to measure social activities (social-related, learning, and personal). LTC needs was defined according to Japan's Long-term Care Insurance System. A competing risk model and a Laplace regression model were used to estimate the hazard ratios of LTC needs incidence and the 25th percentile difference in LTC-needs-free survival time and their 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Out of 4314 person-years of mild LTC needs, 108 individuals developed it. Participants who increased their frequency of learning activities have a lower risk of developing mild LTC needs. Increasing the frequency could also prolong LTC-needs-free survival time by approximately 2.61 years. Out of 4535 person-years for severe LTC needs, 54 individuals developed it. Participants with a continuous regular frequency of learning activities had a lower risk of developing severe LTC needs. However, the association between this frequency and LTC-needs-free survival time for severe LTC needs was insignificant in the multivariable models. CONCLUSIONS: Increased frequency of learning activities reduced the risk of LTC needs among older adults with depressive symptoms and prolonged their LTC-needs-free survival time.

「母親の授乳期の食事・母乳栄養成分・乳児の発育」の関連性 岩見沢母子健康調査(SMILE Iwamizawa)における産後1ヵ月時点の解析　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
小松 陽介, 和田 泰明, 田畑 風華, 川上 智美, 武田 安弘, 中村 公則, 綾部 時芳, 中村 幸志, 木村 尚史, 玉腰 暁子
DOHaD研究, 11, 3, 30, 30, (一社)日本DOHaD学会, 2023年08月
日本語

「母親の授乳期の食事・母乳栄養成分・乳児の発育」の関連性 岩見沢母子健康調査(SMILE Iwamizawa)における産後1ヵ月時点の解析　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
小松 陽介, 和田 泰明, 田畑 風華, 川上 智美, 武田 安弘, 中村 公則, 綾部 時芳, 中村 幸志, 木村 尚史, 玉腰 暁子
DOHaD研究, 11, 3, 30, 30, (一社)日本DOHaD学会, 2023年08月
日本語

Association between dietary carbohydrate intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
Akinori Yaegashi, Satoshi Sunohara, Takashi Kimura, Wen Hao, Takato Moriguchi, Akiko Tamakoshi
Diabetology International, 14, 4, 327, 338, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023年07月04日
研究論文（学術雑誌）

妊娠期における父親のパートナーに対する関わりとボンディング障害の関連
田中 嘉き, 岡田 恵美子, 平田 匠, 木村 尚史, 玉腰 暁子
日本公衆衛生雑誌, 70, 6, 359, 368, 日本公衆衛生学会, 2023年06月
日本語, 目的 親が子どもに対して抱く情緒的絆の欠如をボンディング障害という。本研究では妊娠期の父親のパートナーへの関わりとボンディング障害の関連を検討する。方法 2016年5月～2017年12月に札幌市内の3つの産科病院を受診した妊婦とそのパートナー1,957組を対象とした。自記式質問票を妊娠24～35週と産後6～8週後に配布した。父親のパートナーへの関わりは,身の回りのことや家事の手伝い,相談にのっているかという2つの質問項目の5択の回答を0～4点で評価し,合計点が6～8点を高得点群,3～5点を中得点群,0～2点を低得点群とした。ボンディング障害は「赤ちゃんへの気持ち質問票」を用い,程度が高い上位約10%が含まれる点数をカットオフ値とした。妊娠期の父親のパートナーへの関わりを曝露,アウトカムをボンディング障害とし,ロジスティック回帰分析を行った。調整変数は父親の年齢,世帯年収,父親の一週間の平均労働時間,過去の妊娠,過去の流産や死産・子どもの死亡,パートナーの妊娠期抑うつとした。結果 回答を得られた父親は391人であり2回目の回答記入時期は産後2か月までが86.4%,3か月が10.6%,4か月が2.5%,5か月が1.0%であった。そのうち質問項目が欠損した者を除く375人を対象とした。父親のパートナーへの関わり高得点群は255人(68.0%),ボンディング障害は48人(7点以上,7.2%),下位尺度:lack of affection(LA)は35人(4点以上,9.3%),下位尺度:anger and rejection(AR)は17人(4点以上,4.5%)だった。多変量調整OR(95%CI)はパートナーへの関わり高得点群に対し,ボンディング障害は中得点群:4.81(1.88-12.33),低得点群:6.89(1.40-33.93),下位尺度LAは中得点群:2.21(0.97-5.04),低得点群:6.40(1.54-26.68)であった一方,下位尺度ARと有意な関連がみられなかった(trend Pは順に0.0005,0.0053,0.6859)。結論 妊娠期の父親のパートナーへの良好でない関わりが父親のボンディング障害と子どもへの愛情の欠如に影響することが考えられる。父親のボンディング障害の予防には妊娠期におけるパートナーへの関わりが重要であることが示唆された。(著者抄録)

Television Viewing Time and All-cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Japanese Adults with and without a History of Stroke or Myocardial Infarction.
Masayuki Teramoto, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Kokoro Shirai, Isao Muraki, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2023年05月23日, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS: We examined the association between television (TV) viewing time and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among Japanese adults with and without a history of stroke or myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, 76,572 participants (851 stroke survivors, 1,883 MI survivors, and 73,838 persons without a history of stroke or MI), aged 40-79 years at baseline (1988-1990), completed a lifestyle, diet, and medical history questionnaire, and were followed up regarding mortality until 2009. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all-cause and CVD mortality. RESULTS: During the 19.3-year median follow-up period, 17,387 deaths were documented. TV viewing time was positively associated with all-cause and CVD mortality regardless of stroke or MI history. The multivariable-adjusted HRs of all-cause mortality with 95% CIs for TV viewing time of 3-4.9 h, 5-6.9 h, and ≥ 7 h were 1.18 (0.95-1.48), 1.12 (0.86-1.45), and 1.61 (1.12-2.32) for stroke survivors; 0.97 (0.81-1.17), 1.40 (1.12-1.76), and 1.44 (1.02-2.03) for MI survivors; and 1.00 (0.96-1.03), 1.07 (1.01-1.12), and 1.22 (1.11-1.34) for persons without a history of stroke or MI, respectively, compared with ＜3 h. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged TV viewing time was associated with higher risks of all-cause and CVD mortality in stroke or MI survivors and in persons without a history of them. It may be recommended to reduce sedentary time for stroke or MI survivors, independent of the level of physical activity.

Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the JACC Study
Akinori Yaegashi, Takashi Kimura, Takumi Hirata, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of Nutritional Science, 12, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2023年04月14日
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Abstract

We prospectively examined the association between low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Japanese adults using Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study) data. A total of 19 084 (7052 men and 12 032 women) Japanese non-diabetic participants aged 40–79 years, who enrolled in the JACC study between 1988 and 1990, were included in our analysis. Dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. The overall, animal and vegetable LCD scores were calculated by dividing the study participants into eleven categories based on the percentages of energy from carbohydrates, protein and fat. The incidence of T2D was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of incident T2D across the quintile of each LCD score, with adjustment for potential confounders. During the 5-year study period, 490 adults (247 men and 243 women) developed T2D. The multivariable-adjusted OR of incident T2D for the highest v. lowest quintiles of overall and animal LCD scores, respectively, were 0·64 (95 % CI 0·42, 0·99) and 0·83 (95 % CI 0·55, 1·27) for men, 0·78 (95 % CI 0·51, 1·18) and 0·84 (95 % CI 0·57, 1·24) for women. The vegetable LCD score was associated with a lower risk of T2D in men (OR 0·51; 95 % CI 0·33, 0·77). Our results suggest that diets lower in carbohydrates and higher in fat and protein are unlikely to higher the T2D risk among Japanese individuals.

Case-Control Study of Long COVID, Sapporo, Japan.
Toshiaki Asakura, Takashi Kimura, Isaku Kurotori, Katabami Kenichi, Miyuki Hori, Mariko Hosogawa, Masayuki Saijo, Kaori Nakanishi, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Emerging infectious diseases, 29, 5, 956, 966, 2023年04月12日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We conducted a cross-sectional survey among SARS-CoV-2-positive persons and negative controls in Sapporo, Japan, to clarify symptoms of long COVID. We collected responses from 8,018 participants, 3,694 case-patients and 3,672 controls. We calculated symptom prevalence for case-patients at 2-3, 4-6, 7-9, 10-12, and 13-18 months after illness onset. We used logistic regression, adjusted for age and sex, to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for each symptom and control reference. We calculated symptom prevalence by stratifying for disease severity, age, and sex. At 4-18 months from illness onset, ORs for anosmia, ageusia, dyspnea, alopecia, and brain fog were consistently >1, whereas ORs for common cold-like, gastrointestinal, and dermatologic symptoms were <1. Time trend ORs increased for diminished ability to concentrate, brain fog, sleep disturbance, eye symptoms, and tinnitus. Clinicians should focus on systemic, respiratory, and neuropsychiatric symptoms among long COVID patients.

Patient characteristics and public health office factors associated with long reporting delay of COVID-19 cases in Sapporo City, Japan.
Daichi Watanuki, Akiko Tamakoshi, Takashi Kimura, Toshiaki Asakura, Masayuki Saijo
Journal of epidemiology, 2023年04月08日, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: For therapeutic efficacy, molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir must be started to treat patients within 5 days of disease onset to treat patients with COVID-19. However, some patients spend more than 5 days from disease onset before reporting to the Public Health Office. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of patients with reporting delay. METHODS: This study included data from 12,399 patients with COVID-19 who reported to the Public Health Office from March 3rd, 2021 to June 30th, 2021. Patients were stratified into "linked" (n=7,814) and "unlinked" (n=4,585) cases depending on whether they were linked to other patients. A long reporting delay was defined as the difference between the onset and reporting dates of 5 days or more. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using log-binomial regression to identify factors related to long reporting delay, and prevalence ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: The proportion of long reporting delay was 24.4% (1904/7814) and 29.3% (1344/4585) in linked and unlinked cases, respectively. Risks of long reporting delay among linked cases were living alone and onset on the day with a higher 7-day daily average confirmed cases or onset on weekends; whereas, risks for unlinked cases were age over 65 years, without occupation and living alone. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest the necessity to establish a Public Health Office system that is less susceptible to the rapid increase in the number of patients, promotes educational activities for people with fewer social connections, and improves access to health care.

Body mass index and esophageal and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis of ten population-based cohort studies in Japan.
Yuriko N Koyanagi, Keitaro Matsuo, Hidemi Ito, Chaochen Wang, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Ayami Ono, Shoichiro Tsugane, Norie Sawada, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Taro Takeuchi, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Mai Utada, Ritsu Sakata, Tetsuya Mizoue, Sarah Krull Abe, Manami Inoue
Cancer science, 2023年04月04日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The effect of body mass index (BMI) on esophageal and gastric carcinogenesis might be heterogeneous, depending on subtype or subsite. However, findings from prospective evaluations of BMI associated with these cancers among Asian populations have been inconsistent and limited, especially for esophageal adenocarcinoma and gastric cardia cancer. We performed a pooled analysis of ten population-based cohort studies to examine this association in 394,247 Japanese individuals. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate study-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), then pooled these estimates to calculate summary HRs with a random effects model. During 5,750,107 person-years of follow-up, 1,569 esophageal cancer (1,038 squamous cell carcinoma and 86 adenocarcinoma) and 11,095 gastric (728 cardia and 5,620 non-cardia) cancer incident cases were identified. An inverse association was observed between BMI and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR per 5-kg/m2 increase, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.50-0.65), whereas a positive association was seen in gastric cardia cancer (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.00-1.32). A non-significant and significant positive association for overweight or obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 ) relative to BMI <25 kg/m2 was observed with esophageal adenocarcinoma (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.80-2.17) and gastric cardia cancer (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05-1.46), respectively. No clear association with BMI was found for gastric non-cardia cancer. This prospective study - the largest in an Asian country - provides a comprehensive quantitative estimate of the association of BMI with upper gastrointestinal cancer, and confirms the subtype- or subsite-specific carcinogenic impact of BMI in a Japanese population.

短眠はPaneth細胞α-defensin分泌量の低値および短鎖脂肪酸の産生量低下を伴う腸内細菌叢組成の撹乱に関係する
清水 由宇, 山村 凌大, 横井 友樹, 綾部 時芳, 鵜川 重和, 中村 幸志, 岡田 恵美子, 今江 章宏, 中川 貴史, 玉腰 暁子, 中村 公則
腸内細菌学雑誌, 37, 2, 112, 112, (公財)腸内細菌学会, 2023年04月
日本語

岩見沢市母子健康調査(SMILE Iwamizawa)における妊娠期から出産後の母体腸内細菌叢解析
和泉 裕久, 両角 麻衣, 田畑 風華, 川上 智美, 武田 安弘, 宮地 一裕, 中村 公則, 綾部 時芳, 中岡 慎治, 相沢 智康, 中村 宝弘, 木村 尚史, 中村 幸志, 玉腰 暁子
腸内細菌学雑誌, 37, 2, 122, 122, (公財)腸内細菌学会, 2023年04月
日本語

岩見沢市母子健康調査(SMILE Iwamizawa)における乳児の腸内細菌叢解析
両角 麻衣, 和泉 裕久, 田畑 風華, 川上 智美, 武田 安弘, 宮地 一裕, 中村 公則, 綾部 時芳, 中岡 慎治, 相沢 智康, 中村 宝弘, 木村 尚史, 中村 幸志, 玉腰 暁子
腸内細菌学雑誌, 37, 2, 123, 123, (公財)腸内細菌学会, 2023年04月
日本語

短眠はPaneth細胞α-defensin分泌量の低値および短鎖脂肪酸の産生量低下を伴う腸内細菌叢組成の撹乱に関係する
清水 由宇, 山村 凌大, 横井 友樹, 綾部 時芳, 鵜川 重和, 中村 幸志, 岡田 恵美子, 今江 章宏, 中川 貴史, 玉腰 暁子, 中村 公則
腸内細菌学雑誌, 37, 2, 112, 112, (公財)腸内細菌学会, 2023年04月
日本語

Association Between Moderate Physical Activity Level and Subsequent Frailty Incidence Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Wenjing Zhao, Shigekazu Ukawa, Sachiko Sasaki, Emiko Okada, Tomoko Kishi, Kastunori Kondo, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC, 2023年04月
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Our study aimed to demonstrate the association between physical activity (PA) and frailty incidence among Japanese communitydwelling older adults with a narrow age range of 70-74 years. This study included 485 participants from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Frailty was assessed at baseline and 3 years later by using the Kaigo-Yobo Checklist. PA was assessed using the short-term International PA Questionnaire at baseline. Logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals after adjusting for potential confounders. The associations of frailty scores with both PA volume and daily walking time presented a U-shaped curve, albeit only the latter was statistically significant. After adjusting for potential confounders, walking for 0.5-1 hr/day displayed a greater association with decreased frailty risk than higher levels of daily walking time. Further study is needed to cumulate the evidence that moderate PA levels may delay frailty incidence and improve the aging process.

Shorter sleep time relates to lower human defensin 5 secretion and compositional disturbance of the intestinal microbiota accompanied by decreased short-chain fatty acid production
Yu Shimizu, Ryodai Yamamura, Yuki Yokoi, Tokiyoshi Ayabe, Shigekazu Ukawa, Koshi Nakamura, Emiko Okada, Akihiro Imae, Takafumi Nakagawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Kiminori Nakamura
Gut Microbes, 15, 1, Informa UK Limited, 2023年03月21日
研究論文（学術雑誌）

[Association between father's involvement with his wife/partner during pregnancy and father-to-infant bonding failure].
Kaki Tanaka, Emiko Okada, Takumi Hirata, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi
[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health, 70, 6, 359, 368, 2023年03月10日, ［国内誌］
日本語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objectives Bonding failure is lack of parental emotional relationship between a parent and their infant. This study aims to investigate the association between father's involvements with their partner during pregnancy.Methods A total of 1,957 partners of pregnant women who had visited three maternity hospitals in Sapporo from May 2016 to December 2017 were included in the study. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to participants at 2,435 weeks gestation and at 6-8 weeks postpartum. The fathers who responded to both the questionnaires were included in the analysis. The participants' relationship with their partners during pregnancy was rated using two questions- whether they help their partner with personal care and household chores, and whether they consult with their partner. Answers for both questions were given on a scale of 0 to 4. A total score of 6-8 points was defined as a high-score group, 3-5 points as a mid-score group, and 0-2 points as a low-score group. Bonding failure was evaluated using the Japanese version of the Mother-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS-J). The cut-off value was the score that included the top 10% with the highest degree of bonding disorder. A logistic regression was used to analyse the association between involvement with a partner during pregnancy and bonding failure. The confounding variables were father's age, household income, father's average working hours, previous pregnancy, history of abortion/a stillbirth/the death of the child, and partner's prepartum depression during pregnancy.Results 391 fathers responded to the initial questionnaire, and 86.4% of them filled out the second questionnaire up to 2 months postpartum, 10.6% up to 3 months, 2.5% up to 4 months, and 1.0% up to 5 months. Of these, 375 were included, excluding those with missing questionnaire items. 255 fathers were in the high score group of the involvement with partner during pregnancy, 48 had bonding failure, 35 had LA, and 17 had AR. The OR based on the high score group of involvement with partner during pregnancy for bonding failure was 4.81 (1.88-12.33) for mid-score group, and 6.89 (1.40-33.93) for low-score group, and for LA, 2.21 (0.97-5.04) for mid-score group, and 6.40 (1.54-26.68) for low-score group; however, AR showed no respectively significant association (trend P 0.0005, 0.0053, 0.6859).Conclusions The results suggest that a father's unfavorable involvement with his partner affects the bonding with their infant. This suggests that involvement with a partner during pregnancy is an important factor in preventing bonding failure in fathers.

Prospective cohort study on potato intake and mortality from cardiovascular diseases: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC study)
Kimura, Hitomi, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Muraki, Isao, Tamakoshi, Akiko, Iso, Hiroyasu
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 62, 4, 1859, 1866, SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2023年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際共著］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, [PURPOSE] The association between potato intake and risk of cardiovascular diseases is unknown. This study aimed to examine the association between potatoes intake and mortality from stroke and coronary heart disease among Japanese.
[METHODS] The study included 74,750 participants of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, aged 40-79, who were initially free of cardiovascular diseases or cancer at baseline (1988-1990) and provided information on their potato intake. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by fitting a Cox proportional hazards model according to the frequency of potatoes intake (0, 0.4, 1.5, 3.5 and 7 servings per week) adjusting for geographic location, age, body mass index, drinking status, smoking status, perceived mental stress, education level, walking time, dietary intakes of total energy, meat, fish, vegetables, fruit, dairy products, cakes, and salt.
[RESULTS] Over a median of 19.2 years of follow-up, 4908 deaths from cardiovascular diseases were identified: 1019 from coronary heart diseases and 2153 from strokes (738 ischemic strokes and 495 hemorrhagic strokes). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the hazard ratio of mortality from cardiovascular diseases for daily potato intake compared with no potato intake was 0.82 (95% confidence interval: 0.70, 0.95) among women, and 1.01 (0.88, 1.16) among men. Among women, the multivariable hazard ratios were 0.67 (0.48, 0.96) for coronary heart disease, 0.83 (0.66-1.05) for total stroke, 0.70 (0.43-1.15) for hemorrhagic stroke, and 0.75 (0.49-1.13) for ischemic stroke.
[CONCLUSION] We found an inverse association of potato intake with mortality from total cardiovascular diseases, especially that from coronary heart disease, among Japanese women. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show an inverse association between potato intake and total cardiovascular diseases.

低炭水化物食スコアと糖代謝指標との関連　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
八重樫 昭徳, 木村 尚史, 岡田 恵美子, 中村 幸志, 鵜川 重和, 中村 昭伸, 玉腰 暁子
日本栄養・食糧学会大会講演要旨集, 77回, 328, 328, (公社)日本栄養・食糧学会, 2023年03月
日本語

低炭水化物食スコアと糖代謝指標との関連　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
八重樫 昭徳, 木村 尚史, 岡田 恵美子, 中村 幸志, 鵜川 重和, 中村 昭伸, 玉腰 暁子
日本栄養・食糧学会大会講演要旨集, 77回, 328, 328, (公社)日本栄養・食糧学会, 2023年03月
日本語

高齢者における歩行、身体活動とそれらの認知機能低下との長期的関連(Gait, physical activity, and their longitudinal relationship with cognitive decline in older adults)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Hao Wen, Zhao Wenjing, Kimura Takashi, Hirata Takumi, Sasaki Sachiko, Ukawa Shigekazu, Kadoya Ken, Kondo Katsunori, Tamakoshi Akiko
Journal of Epidemiology, 33, Suppl.1, 104, 104, (一社)日本疫学会, 2023年02月
英語

札幌市における新型コロナウイルス感染症患者の特徴　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
木村 尚史, 朝倉 利晃, 黒鳥 偉作, 春原 怜史, 中西 香織, 西條 政幸, 玉腰 暁子
Journal of Epidemiology, 33, Suppl.1, 111, 111, (一社)日本疫学会, 2023年02月
日本語

飲酒と胃がん罹患リスクとの関連 日本の大規模6コホート研究にもとづく統合解析　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
田村 高志, 若井 建志, 林 櫻松, 玉腰 暁子, 歌田 真依, 小笹 晃太郎, 菅原 由美, 辻 一郎, 小野 綾美, 澤田 典絵, 津金 昌一郎, 伊藤 秀美, 永田 知里, 北村 哲久, 内藤 真理子, 田中 恵太郎, 島津 太一, 溝上 哲也, 松尾 恵太郎, 井上 真奈美
Journal of Epidemiology, 33, Suppl.1, 139, 139, (一社)日本疫学会, 2023年02月
日本語

飲酒と胃がん罹患リスクとの関連 日本の大規模6コホート研究にもとづく統合解析　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
田村 高志, 若井 建志, 林 櫻松, 玉腰 暁子, 歌田 真依, 小笹 晃太郎, 菅原 由美, 辻 一郎, 小野 綾美, 澤田 典絵, 津金 昌一郎, 伊藤 秀美, 永田 知里, 北村 哲久, 内藤 真理子, 田中 恵太郎, 島津 太一, 溝上 哲也, 松尾 恵太郎, 井上 真奈美
Journal of Epidemiology, 33, Suppl.1, 139, 139, (一社)日本疫学会, 2023年02月
日本語

Associations between Maternal Diet, Human Milk Macronutrients, and Breast-Fed Infant Growth during the First Month of Life in the SMILE Iwamizawa in Japan.
Yosuke Komatsu, Yasuaki Wada, Fuka Tabata, Satomi Kawakami, Yasuhiro Takeda, Kiminori Nakamura, Tokiyoshi Ayabe, Koshi Nakamura, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi
Nutrients, 15, 3, 2023年01月28日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Maternal diet may affect human milk macronutrients, but it remains to be elucidated whether this is also influential in infant growth. This study aimed to examine (1) how maternal diet influences human milk macronutrients, and (2) to what extent the variation in milk macronutrients affects infant growth during the first month of life. In 71 Japanese lactating women, maternal dietary information was collected from the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire, and anthropometry of mother-infant dyads was collected from medical records. Macronutrients in milk were analyzed by a Human Milk Analyzer. Maternal retinol intake was associated with the carbohydrate content in human milk at 1-month postpartum (standardized β coefficient: 0.287; p = 0.038). Moreover, the energy content in human milk was associated with an increase in the weight standard deviation score based on the WHO growth standard at 1 month of age (standardized β coefficient: 0.399; p = 0.046). Nevertheless, the milk macronutrient was not associated with the risk of infant growth abnormalities. In conclusion, a part of the maternal diet impacts macronutrient contents in human milk, but milk macronutrients have a limited effect on infant growth only within the normal growth curve during the first month of life.

Association between advanced airway management with adrenaline injection and prognosis in adult patients with asystole asphyxia out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Kenichi Katabami, Takashi Kimura, Takumi Hirata, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 2023年01月28日, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: The neurological prognosis of asphyxia is poor and the effect of advanced airway management (AAM) in the prehospital setting remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between AAM with adrenaline injection and prognosis in adult patients with asystole asphyxia out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). METHODS: This study assessed all-Japan Utstein cohort registry data between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2019. We used propensity score matching analyses before logistic regression analysis to evaluate the effect of AAM on favorable neurological outcome. RESULTS: There were 879,057 OHCA cases, including 70,299 cases of asphyxia OHCAs. We extracted the data of 13,642 cases provided with adrenaline injection by emergency medical service. We divided 7,945 asphyxia OHCA cases in asystole into 5,592 and 2,353 with and without AAM, respectively. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 2,338 asphyxia OHCA cases with AAM were matched with 2,338 cases without AAM. Favorable neurological outcome was not significantly different between the AAM and no AAM groups (adjusted odds ratio: 1.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.5-2.5). However, the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (adjusted odds ratio: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.5-1.9) and 1-month survival were improved in the AAM groups (adjusted odds ratio: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-1.9). CONCLUSIONS: AAM with adrenaline injection for patients with asphyxia OHCA in asystole was associated with improved ROSC and 1-month survival rate but showed no differences in neurologically favorable outcome. Further prospective studies may comprehensively evaluate the effect of AAM for patients with asphyxia.

Relationship between out-of-facility deliveries and distance and travel time to delivery facilities in Hokkaido, Japan: An ecological study.
Yoshihiro Saito, Toshiaki Asakura, Kimura Takashi, Takeshi Umazume, Hidemichi Watari, Akiko Tamakoshi
The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research, 49, 3, 930, 937, 2023年01月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the distance and travel time from each municipality to the nearest delivery facilities in the other municipalities and the frequency of out-of-facility deliveries in Hokkaido. METHODS: Vital statistics from 2016 to 2020 were used. For municipalities without delivery facilities, the distance and travel time from the town office of each municipality to the nearest delivery facility was measured using Google maps. Negative binomial regression with an offset term was used to calculate the relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of out-of-facility delivery for distance (<30, 30-59, ≥60 km), and travel time by car (<30, 30-59, and ≥60 min) from the town office to the nearest delivery facility compared with the presence of delivery facilities. RESULTS: The overall rate of out-of-facility deliveries in Hokkaido was 2.1‰; in municipalities with delivery facilities, 1.8‰, and in municipalities without delivery facilities, 3.1‰. The adjusted RRs (95% CIs) for out-of-facility deliveries were significantly higher in municipalities with less than 30 km and travel time of less than 30 min to delivery facilities, 2.63 (1.34-5.17) and 2.76 (1.36-5.58), respectively, compared to municipalities with delivery facilities. However, the adjusted RR of out-of-facility delivery for municipalities ≥30 km was higher, although the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Even in municipalities with a distance to delivery facilities of less than 30 km or travel time of less than 30 min, we should keep in mind the occurrence of out-of-facility deliveries.

Daytime napping and risk of liver cancer: A large population-based prospective cohort study.
Ahmed Arafa, Ehab S Eshak, Kokoro Shirai, Isao Muraki, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Annals of hepatology, 28, 2, 100877, 100877, 2023年, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Liver cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Japan and worldwide. Daytime napping is a common behavior, especially among older adults, that was related in previous research to unfavorable health conditions. Herein, we investigated the association between daytime napping and liver cancer risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, data from 51,185 participants aged 40-79 years and registered in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) were analyzed. Incident cases of liver cancer were diagnosed using cancer registries, hospital records, and death certificates. Daytime napping was assessed using the JACC baseline self-administered questionnaire. We used the Cox regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident liver cancer among participants in the age categories of the 40s, 50s, 60s, and 70s who reported daytime napping compared with their counterparts who did not. RESULTS: Within 669,734 person-years of follow-up, 341 participants developed liver cancer. Daytime napping was associated with a higher risk of liver cancer among participants who were in their 60s and 70s of age after adjusting for sex: HRs (95% CIs) 1.88 (1.35-2.61) and 1.96 (1.18-3.26), lifestyle and medical history: 1.76 (1.27-2.47) and 1.82 (1.07-3.09), and history of liver diseases: 1.66 (1.18-2.34) and 1.72 (1.01-2.94), respectively. No associations were detected among participants from the 40s and 50s age groups. CONCLUSIONS: Daytime napping was associated with a higher risk of liver cancer among older adults.

Temporal change in the association between life satisfaction and functional decline with gender differences: an age-specific prospective cohort study
Naoko Shinohara, Wenjing Zhao, Yifan Shan, Shigekazu Ukawa, Hideki Ohira, Takashi Kawamura, Satoe Okabayashi, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Kazuyo Tsushita, Akiko Tamakoshi
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 28, 2023年
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Although life satisfaction (LS) has been shown to predict mortality, research studying the relationship between LS and functional decline is scarce. This study examined the association between LS and functional decline across four time points in young-old Japanese adults. Methods: We analysed 1,899 community-dwelling 65-year-olds in this age-specific cohort study conducted between 2000 and 2005. The Life Satisfaction Index K was used to evaluate LS and was classified into quartiles. Functional decline was determined using the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) system: 1) mild disability; 2) severe disability; 3) all-cause mortality; 4) mild or severe disability; 5) severe disability or death; 6) mild or severe disability, or death. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model. The analyses were conducted in the 8th,10th,12th, and 14th years to assess the effect of LS on functional decline across time points. Results: The impact of LS gradually weakened over time. In the 8th year (aged 72–73), a higher LS was associated with a lower risk of mild or severe disability among the women participants (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.30 [0.11–0.81]). However, the effect disappeared gradually (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.55 [0.27–1.14]) in the 10th year (aged 74–75), 0.72 (0.41–1.26) in the 12th year (aged 76–77), and 0.68 (0.41–1.14) in the 14th year (aged 78–79). This trend continued in severe disability or death (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.24 [0.06–0.70], 0.31 [0.11–0.76], 0.57 [0.28–1.14], and 0.60 [0.32–1.12]) and mild or severe disability, or death (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.30 [0.14–0.68], 0.46 [0.24–0.87], 0.67 [0.41–1.10], and 0.65 [0.42–1.02]) in the 8th,10th,12th, and 14th years, respectively. No statistically significant association was found among men at any time points or in any classification of outcomes. Conclusions: Higher LS scores in 65-year-old women were associated with a lower risk for functional decline in any combination of mild disability, severe disability, or death. Additionally, the effect of LS was observed to weaken over time. Trial registration: This is not an intervention survey and does not require registration.

Temporal change in the association between life satisfaction and functional decline with gender differences: an age-specific prospective cohort study.
Naoko Shinohara, Wenjing Zhao, Yifan Shan, Shigekazu Ukawa, Hideki Ohira, Takashi Kawamura, Satoe Okabayashi, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Kazuyo Tsushita, Akiko Tamakoshi
Environmental health and preventive medicine, 28, 42, 42, 2023年, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Although life satisfaction (LS) has been shown to predict mortality, research studying the relationship between LS and functional decline is scarce. This study examined the association between LS and functional decline across four time points in young-old Japanese adults. METHODS: We analysed 1,899 community-dwelling 65-year-olds in this age-specific cohort study conducted between 2000 and 2005. The Life Satisfaction Index K was used to evaluate LS and was classified into quartiles. Functional decline was determined using the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) system: 1) mild disability; 2) severe disability; 3) all-cause mortality; 4) mild or severe disability; 5) severe disability or death; 6) mild or severe disability, or death. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model. The analyses were conducted in the 8th, 10th, 12th, and 14th years to assess the effect of LS on functional decline across time points. RESULTS: The impact of LS gradually weakened over time. In the 8th year (aged 72-73), a higher LS was associated with a lower risk of mild or severe disability among the women participants (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.30 [0.11-0.81]). However, the effect disappeared gradually (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.55 [0.27-1.14]) in the 10th year (aged 74-75), 0.72 (0.41-1.26) in the 12th year (aged 76-77), and 0.68 (0.41-1.14) in the 14th year (aged 78-79). This trend continued in severe disability or death (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.24 [0.06-0.70], 0.31 [0.11-0.76], 0.57 [0.28-1.14], and 0.60 [0.32-1.12]) and mild or severe disability, or death (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.30 [0.14-0.68], 0.46 [0.24-0.87], 0.67 [0.41-1.10], and 0.65 [0.42-1.02]) in the 8th, 10th, 12th, and 14th years, respectively. No statistically significant association was found among men at any time points or in any classification of outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Higher LS scores in 65-year-old women were associated with a lower risk for functional decline in any combination of mild disability, severe disability, or death. Additionally, the effect of LS was observed to weaken over time. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This is not an intervention survey and does not require registration.

Nutritional Adequacy Assessment of the Japanese Diet Using the Number of Dishes Compared to Existing Dietary Diversity Indices: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan.
Saeka Takabayashi, Emiko Okada, Takumi Hirata, Hidemi Takimoto, Mieko Nakamura, Satoshi Sasaki, Kunihiko Takahashi, Koshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 69, 3, 197, 205, 2023年, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The Japanese diet has attracted attention as a factor contributing to the Japanese population's longevity. A typical Japanese meal, traditionally called "ichiju-sansai," is composed of various dishes. This study assessed the nutritional adequacy of the Japanese diet using the number of dishes in all meals (NDAM) compared to existing dietary diversity indices (DDIs). This cross-sectional study used data from the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey. A total of 25,976 participants aged ≥20 y were included in this study. NDAM was calculated for whole dishes or single foods (except supplements and beverages) from one-day weighted dietary records. The food variety score (FVS), number of foods, dietary diversity score (DDS), and number of food groups are some of the existing DDIs. NDAM had relatively high positive correlation coefficients with potassium, magnesium, and dietary fiber. The partial correlation coefficients with an indicator of the overall nutrient adequacy of NDAM was 0.42 for men and 0.42 for women. It was almost the same as that of the FVS (men: 0.44, women: 0.42) and DDS (men: 0.44, women: 0.43). On the other hand, NDAM, similar to existing DDIs, was also positively correlated with nutrient restriction in both sexes. These findings indicate that the nutrient adequacy of NDAM is similar to that of the existing DDIs. Because of the higher sodium intake and cholesterol intake in higher NDAM and existing DDIs, the effect of higher NDAM on health outcomes must be investigated in future studies.

Association between low-carbohydrate diet score and incidence of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the JACC Study.
Akinori Yaegashi, Takashi Kimura, Takumi Hirata, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of nutritional science, 12, e50, 2023年, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We prospectively examined the association between low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Japanese adults using Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study) data. A total of 19 084 (7052 men and 12 032 women) Japanese non-diabetic participants aged 40-79 years, who enrolled in the JACC study between 1988 and 1990, were included in our analysis. Dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. The overall, animal and vegetable LCD scores were calculated by dividing the study participants into eleven categories based on the percentages of energy from carbohydrates, protein and fat. The incidence of T2D was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of incident T2D across the quintile of each LCD score, with adjustment for potential confounders. During the 5-year study period, 490 adults (247 men and 243 women) developed T2D. The multivariable-adjusted OR of incident T2D for the highest v. lowest quintiles of overall and animal LCD scores, respectively, were 0·64 (95 % CI 0·42, 0·99) and 0·83 (95 % CI 0·55, 1·27) for men, 0·78 (95 % CI 0·51, 1·18) and 0·84 (95 % CI 0·57, 1·24) for women. The vegetable LCD score was associated with a lower risk of T2D in men (OR 0·51; 95 % CI 0·33, 0·77). Our results suggest that diets lower in carbohydrates and higher in fat and protein are unlikely to higher the T2D risk among Japanese individuals.

Serum soluble Fas levels and incidence of liver cancer in nested case-control study.
Yasushi Adachi, Masanori Nojima, Mitsuru Mori, Toshiyuki Kubo, Noriyuki Akutsu, Yasushi Sasaki, Hiroshi Nakase, Yingsong Lin, Youichi Kurozawa, Kenji Wakai, Akiko Tamakoshi
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2022年12月07日, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Soluble Fas (sFas) plays various roles in carcinogenesis and tumor dissemination by preventing apoptosis via binding to Fas ligand. We analyzed associations of serum sFas levels with the incidence of liver cancer in a prospective case-control study nested in the JACC Study. METHODS: A baseline survey was conducted from 1988, with blood samples obtained from 39,242 subjects. Patients diagnosed with liver cancer were regarded as cases. Two or three controls were selected and matched for sex, age, and geographical area. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for cancer incidence associated with sFas. RESULTS: This study contained 86 cases and 249 controls. After controlling for alcohol intake, body mass index, smoking, and hepatitis viral infection, participants with high sFas showed elevated risk of cancer (P-trend = 0.003) and the third tertile of sFas showed a higher risk compared to the first tertile (OR = 3.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.28-9.69). In hepatocellular carcinoma, high sFas was associated with elevated risk (P-trend < 0.001). In men and the elderly, subjects in the highest tertiles showed higher cancer risk. Limiting subjects to those followed for 3 years, high sFas was related to liver cancer risk (P-trend = 0.033) and the third tertile showed a higher risk compared to the first (OR = 2.94, 95%CI = 0.94-9.14). CONCLUSIONS: High serum sFas may be related to future risk of liver cancer. IMPACT: Our findings highlight this biomarker for further analysis in pooled investigations with different/larger prospective cohorts.

北海道における多系統萎縮症レジストリ研究 HoRC-MSA2014-2022　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
松島 理明, 足澤 萌奈美, 工藤 彰彦, 佐久嶋 研, 金谷 泰宏, 西本 尚樹, 澤田 潤, 松岡 健, 久原 真, 上杉 春雄, 南 尚哉, 佐光 一也, 武井 麻子, 玉腰 暁子, 佐藤 典宏, 佐々木 秀直, 矢部 一郎, 北海道保健福祉部健康安全局地域保健課感染症・特定疾患グループ
臨床神経学, 62, 12, 976, 976, (一社)日本神経学会, 2022年12月
日本語

Effect of physical activity on the risk of frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Wenjing Zhao, Peng Hu, Weidi Sun, Weidong Wu, Jinhua Zhang, Hai Deng, Jun Huang, Shigekazu Ukawa, Jiahai Lu, Akiko Tamakoshi, Xudong Liu
PLoS ONE, 17, 12 December, 2022年12月
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective The relationship between physical activity (PA) and the risk of frailty has not reached a conclusive result. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of PA on the onset of frailty in the community-dwelling middle and older age adults by pooling data from cohort studies. Methods A systematic literature search was performed via PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to June 01, 2021. Pooled adjusted effect estimates (ES) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by using the random-effect model and by comparing the highest with lowest levels of PA. Heterogeneity was tested using the I2 statistic and Q-test. The quality of evidence was evaluated by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results A total of ten cohort studies with 14 records were selected, and the GRADE approach classified the quality of evidence as low. In comparison with the lowest level of PA, the highest level of PA was associated with 41% decreased odds of frailty (ES: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.51-0.67; I2 = 70.0%, P-heterogeneity < 0.001) after pooling results from included studies. In stratified analysis by frailty assessment approach, the highest level of PA was significantly associated with 37% (ES 0.63, 95% CI: 0.52-0.77, 49% (ES: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.41-0.63), and 30% (ES: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.65-0.75) reduced odds of frailty when pooling studies using criteria of physical frailty, multidimensional model, and accumulation of disability, respectively. Stratified analyses further by PA indicators and PA assessment tools yielded similar protective effects in any subgroups. Conclusions This study with moderate-certainty evidence shows that a higher level of PA was associated with lower odds of frailty, and the benefits of PA for frailty prevention were independent of frailty assessment tools, PA indicators, and PA assessment methods. Findings from this study may help implement active exercise strategies to prevent frailty.

北海道における多系統萎縮症レジストリ研究 HoRC-MSA2014-2022　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
松島 理明, 足澤 萌奈美, 工藤 彰彦, 佐久嶋 研, 金谷 泰宏, 西本 尚樹, 澤田 潤, 松岡 健, 久原 真, 上杉 春雄, 南 尚哉, 佐光 一也, 武井 麻子, 玉腰 暁子, 佐藤 典宏, 佐々木 秀直, 矢部 一郎, 北海道保健福祉部健康安全局地域保健課感染症・特定疾患グループ
臨床神経学, 62, 12, 976, 976, (一社)日本神経学会, 2022年12月
日本語

COVID-19-related stress, exercise, and oral health-related quality of life among community-dwelling older adults who participated in the CHEER Iwamizawa project, Japan.
Kazuhito Miura, Yutaka Watanabe, Haruhisa Baba, Kimiya Ozaki, Takae Matsushita, Miyako Kondoh, Kazutaka Okada, Shinji Nakaoka, Katsuhiko Ogasawara, Teppei Suzuki, Hiroshi Saito, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yutaka Yamazaki
Scientific reports, 12, 1, 20347, 20347, 2022年11月27日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, This study examined the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related stress, exercise habits, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in a sample of 215 community-dwelling older adults in Japan (57 men, 158 women; Mage = 74.2 years, SD = 6.0). Data were collected during wellness checkups in October 2020 and included participants' demographic characteristics, measures of instrumental activities of daily living and depressive tendencies, number of teeth, oral hypofunction, OHRQoL, COVID-19-related stress, and exercise habits. Four mutually exclusive groups were created, using the presence or absence of COVID-19-related stress and lack of exercise habits as risk factors for poor OHRQoL (no COVID-19-related stress and no lack of exercise, COVID-19-related stress only, lack of exercise habits only, and both COVID-19-related stress and lack of exercise habits). Poisson regression with robust standard errors provided the prevalence ratio for poor OHRQoL. The presence of both COVID-19-related stress and lack of exercise habits (adjusted prevalence ratio: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.31- 3.69) was associated with poor OHRQoL. The results indicate that COVID-19-related stress and exercise habits should be considered when designing oral health and public health initiatives.

Associations between cigarette smoking and biliary tract cancer by anatomic subsite and sex: a prospective cohort study in Japan.
Yingsong Lin, Sayo Kawai, Tae Sasakabe, Michiko Kurosawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Shogo Kikuchi
Cancer causes & control : CCC, 33, 11, 1335, 1341, 2022年11月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) has not been considered a tobacco-related cancer, largely because of inconclusive results from epidemiological studies. We herein evaluate the association between cigarette smoking and risk of death from BTC by anatomic subsite and sex using data from a large, prospective cohort study in Japan. METHODS: The present study included 97,030 Japanese individuals who were enrolled in 1988-1990 and followed until 31 December 2009. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of BTC with cigarette smoking, including smoking status, number of cigarettes smoked per day, and pack-years of smoking. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 16.2 years, we documented 484 deaths (187 from gallbladder cancers and 297 from cancers of other and unspecified biliary tract parts). After adjustment for sex, age, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and history of gallstones, current smokers had a higher risk of death due to BTC (RR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.01-1.79) than never smokers. In the analyses by anatomic subsite, current smoking was associated with an increased risk of death from gallbladder cancer (RR = 1.89 95% CI = 1.19-3.02), whereas no evidence of an association was noted for cancers of other and unspecified biliary tract parts (RR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.77-1.58). Moreover, mortality risk increased with an increasing number of cigarettes smoked per day and pack-years of smoking, particularly for gallbladder cancer in men. CONCLUSION: Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of death from BTC, particularly gallbladder cancer, in Japanese men.

Cigarette smoking, smoking cessation and bladder cancer risk: A pooled analysis of ten cohort studies in Japan.
Hiroyuki Masaoka, Keitaro Matsuo, Isao Oze, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hidemi Ito, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Ling Zha, Ritsu Sakata, Kotaro Ozasa, Yingsong Lin, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Tanaka, Sarah Krull Abe, Manami Inoue
Journal of epidemiology, 2022年10月29日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Although cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for bladder cancer, assessment of smoking impact on bladder cancer in Asian populations has been hindered by few cohort studies conducted in Asian populations. We therefore investigated the risk of bladder cancer associated with smoking status, cumulative smoking intensity and smoking cessation in Japan. METHODS: We analyzed data for 157,295 men and 183,202 women in ten population-based cohort studies in Japan. The risk associated with smoking behaviors was estimated using Cox regression models within each study, and pooled hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the incidence of bladder cancer were calculated. RESULTS: During 4,729,073 person-years of follow up, 936 men and 325 women developed bladder cancer. In men, former smokers (HR 1.47; 95% CI, 1.18-1.82) and current smokers (HR 1.96; 95% CI, 1.62-2.38) had higher risk than never smokers. In women, current smokers had higher risk than never smokers (HR 2.35; 95% CI, 1.67-3.32). HRs in men linearly increased with increasing pack-years. Risk decreased with increasing years of smoking cessation in men with a significant dose-response trend. Former smokers with a duration of more than 10 years after smoking cessation had no significantly increased risk compared with never smokers (HR 1.26; 95% CI, 0.97-1.63). CONCLUSIONS: Data from a pooled analysis of ten population-based cohort studies in Japan clearly show an association between cigarette smoking and bladder cancer risk. The risk of smokers may approximate that of never smokers following cessation for many years.

Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Childhood and Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease in Adulthood: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk.
Masayuki Teramoto, Hiroyasu Iso, Isao Muraki, Kokoro Shirai, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2022年10月19日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS: We examined whether secondhand smoke exposure in childhood affects the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in adulthood. METHODS: In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, we analyzed data on 71,459 participants aged 40-79 years, with no history of CHD, stroke, or cancer at baseline (1988-1990) and who completed a lifestyle questionnaire including the number of smoking family members in childhood (0, 1, 2, and 3+ members) and followed them up until the end of 2009. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CHD mortality according to the number of smoking family members in childhood. RESULTS: During the median 18.9 years' follow-up, 955 CHD deaths were reported. There was a dose-response relationship between the number of smoking family members at home and CHD mortality among middle-aged individuals (40-59 years); the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) were 1.08 (0.76-1.54) for 1, 1.35 (0.87-2.08) for 2, and 2.49 (1.24-5.00) for 3+ smoking family members compared with 0 members (p for trend=0.03). The association for 3+ smoking family members among the middle-aged group was more evident in men than in women (the multivariable HRs [95% CIs] were 2.97 [1.34-6.58] and 1.65 [0.36-7.52], respectively) and more evident in non-current smokers than in current smokers (the multivariable HRs [95% CIs] were 4.24 [1.57-11.45]and 1.93 [0.72-5.15], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Secondhand smoke exposure in childhood was associated with an increased risk of CHD mortality in adulthood, primarily in middle-aged men and non-current smokers.

Purpose in life (Ikigai) and employment status in relation to cardiovascular mortality: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Junji Miyazaki, Kokoro Shirai, Takashi Kimura, Satoyo Ikehara, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
BMJ open, 12, 10, e059725, 2022年10月10日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether having a purpose in life (Ikigai) is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and whether the association varies by employment status. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Residents in 45 municipalities, Japan. PARTICIPANTS: 29 517 men and 41 984 women aged 40-79 years, free of CVD and cancer at baseline from 1988 to 1990. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: CVD mortality. RESULTS: During the median follow-up of 19.1 years, 4680 deaths (2393 men and 2287 women) from total CVD were observed. Greater Ikigai was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality, and the result was stronger for men than for women. Stratified by employment status, the inverse association was confined to unemployed persons. Among unemployed persons, the multivariable HRs of total CVD were higher for moderate and high versus low levels of Ikigai. Multivariable HRs (95% CIs) were 0.74 (0.57 to 0.97) and 0.69 (0.52 to 0.93), P for trend <0.044, respectively in men, and 0.78 (0.64 to 0.95) and 0.77 (0.61 to 0.97), P for trend=0.039 in women. No association was observed among the employed, including part-time workers, self-employed and homemakers for both men and women. Such an inverse association remained even after excluding early deaths within 5 years from the baseline survey. CONCLUSION: Higher levels of Ikigai were associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality, especially for unemployed men and women.

Changes in social activities and the occurrence and persistence of depressive symptoms: Do type and combination of social activities make a difference?
Yifan Shan, Wenjing Zhao, Wen Hao, Takashi Kimura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Hideki Ohira, Takashi Kawamura, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Akiko Tamakoshi
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 104, 104800, 104800, 2022年09月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore the association between changes in social activities and the occurrence/persistence of depressive symptoms and investigate the difference in effect sizes among the types and combinations of social activities. METHODS: The study adopted a valid 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale to assess depressive symptoms in 2480 community-dwelling adults aged 64/65 years. Changes in social-related, learning, and personal activities were classified into four categories: continued low frequency (CLF), increased frequency (IF), decreased frequency (DF), and continued regular frequency (CRF)1. Relative ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using a modified Poisson regression model. RESULTS: Those without depressive symptoms at baseline and who engaged in social-related (RRIF = 0.56 (0.39, 0.81), RRCRF = 0.55 (0.41, 0.74)), learning (RRIF = 0.63 (0.44, 0.89), RRCRF = 0.62 (0.46, 0.85)), and personal activities (RRIF = 0.37 (0.24, 0.57), RRCRF = 0.41 (0.30, 0.56)) at IF or CRF were less likely to develop depressive symptoms. Those with depressive symptoms at baseline, engaging in personal activities at IF (RR=0.67 (0.51, 0.87)) and CRF (RR= 0.80 (0.65-1.00)) were less likely to have persistent depressive symptoms. Participation in all three activities consistently at a regular frequency was inversely associated with the occurrence/persistence of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of personal activities was more manifest in preventing depressive symptoms than the other two kinds, regardless of depressive symptoms at baseline. Regularly engaging in a combination of all three activities at baseline and follow-up was associated with the occurrence and persistence of depressive symptoms.

Association between daily sleep duration and the risk of incident dementia according to the presence or absence of diseases among older Japanese individuals in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation (NISSIN) project.
Shigekazu Ukawa, Wenjing Zhao, Satoe Okabayashi, Takashi Kimura, Masahiko Ando, Kenji Wakai, Kazuyo Tsushita, Takashi Kawamura, Akiko Tamakoshi
Sleep medicine, 100, 190, 195, 2022年09月03日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between daily sleep duration and incident dementia among physically and socially independent older people with/without diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases) in a Japanese age-specific cohort. METHODS: We carried out a prospective cohort study including 1954 (1006 men and 948 women) Japanese individuals aged 64/65 years. Information on daily sleep duration, medical status, demographics, and lifestyle characteristics was collected by a baseline questionnaire survey and health checkup (2000-2005). Dates of incident dementia were confirmed using the nationally standardized dementia scale proposed by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. A competing risk model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident dementia. We treated censored cases due to death as competing events. RESULTS: During a median of 15.6 years of follow-up, 260 participants reported incident dementia. Compared with participants without diseases and who slept 6-7.9 h/day, those with a shorter daily sleep duration of <6 h/day, presence of disease and shorter, moderate, or longer daily sleep duration ≥8 h/day had an increased risk of incident dementia (HR 1.73; 95% CI 1.04-2.88, HR 1.98; 95% CI 1.14-3.44, HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.03-2.00, and HR 2.09; 95% CI 1.41-3.09, respectively) with a significant interaction between the presence of diseases and sleep duration (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that habitual sleep duration predicts future risk of dementia.

血清SOD活性と大腸癌罹患リスク(Association of serum superoxide dismutase activity and the incidence of colorectal cancer in a nested case-control study)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
足立 靖, 野島 正寛, 森 満, 久保 俊之, 山野 泰穂, 佐々木 泰史, 仲瀬 裕志, 遠藤 高夫, 林 櫻松, 若井 建志, 玉腰 暁子
日本癌学会総会記事, 81回, E, 3034, (一社)日本癌学会, 2022年09月
英語

札幌市における新型コロナウイルス感染症罹患後症状の実態　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
木村 尚史, 朝倉 利晃, 細澤 麻里子, 堀 幸, 中西 香織, 磯 博康, 玉腰 暁子
日本公衆衛生学会総会抄録集, 81回, 453, 453, 日本公衆衛生学会, 2022年09月
日本語

札幌市における新型コロナウイルス感染症罹患後症状の実態　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
木村 尚史, 朝倉 利晃, 細澤 麻里子, 堀 幸, 中西 香織, 磯 博康, 玉腰 暁子
日本公衆衛生学会総会抄録集, 81回, 453, 453, 日本公衆衛生学会, 2022年09月
日本語

COVID-19における発症から陽性確定の遅れに関連する患者要因の分析　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
綿貫 大智, 朝倉 利晃, 木村 尚史, 中西 香織, 玉腰 暁子
日本公衆衛生学会総会抄録集, 81回, 456, 456, 日本公衆衛生学会, 2022年09月
日本語

血清SOD活性と大腸癌罹患リスク(Association of serum superoxide dismutase activity and the incidence of colorectal cancer in a nested case-control study)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
足立 靖, 野島 正寛, 森 満, 久保 俊之, 山野 泰穂, 佐々木 泰史, 仲瀬 裕志, 遠藤 高夫, 林 櫻松, 若井 建志, 玉腰 暁子
日本癌学会総会記事, 81回, E, 3034, (一社)日本癌学会, 2022年09月
英語

Positive psychological factors and the risk of pneumonia-associated mortality: Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Akiko Sumiyama, Kokoro Shirai, Hironori Imano, Eri Eguchi, Isao Muraki, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of psychosomatic research, 160, 110971, 110971, 2022年09月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between positive psychological factors and the risk of pneumonia-associated mortality in a large prospective Japanese cohort. METHODS: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study assessed 64,231 participants (26,293 men and 37,938 women), aged 40-79 years, without a history of stroke, myocardial infarction, cancer or tubercules at baseline (1988-1990). We used self-administered questionnaires about lifestyle, medical history, and mental states, including three positive psychological factors, and followed-up for mortality outcomes until the end of 2009. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of pneumonia-associated mortality after adjustment for potential confounding factors, mutually positive psychological factors, and consideration for the competing risk. RESULTS: Having Ikigai (in Japanese) was inversely associated with the risk of pneumonia-associated mortality in both men and women; the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) for high versus low levels were 0.68 (0.48-0.97), P trend =0.090 and 0.66 (0.43-1.00), P trend =0.146, respectively. Such inverse associations were more pronounced in working men and non-working women; the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) for high versus low levels were 0.52 (0.32-0.85), P trend =0.010 and 0.59 (0.37-0.94), P trend =0.079, respectively. Being relied upon by others and Enjoyment of life was not associated with the risk in both genders. CONCLUSION: Having Ikigai was associated with a lower risk of pneumonia-associated mortality in both genders, especially in working men and non-working women.

Association of dietary diversity with all-cause mortality by body mass index in Japanese older adults: An age-specific prospective cohort study (NISSIN project).
Saeka Takabayashi, Takumi Hirata, Wenjing Zhao, Takashi Kimura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Kazuyo Tsushita, Kenji Wakai, Takashi Kawamura, Masahiko Ando, Akiko Tamakoshi
Geriatrics & gerontology international, 22, 9, 736, 744, 2022年09月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: Dietary diversity might reduce the risk of malnutrition, although it is also linked to obesity. We examined whether dietary diversity is associated with all-cause mortality in Japanese older adults based on their body mass index (BMI). METHODS: The current study included 2944 people aged 64-65 years who participated in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation (NISSIN) project from 1996 to 2005. Dietary diversity was measured using the Food Variety Score (FVS), which calculates the frequency of all food items consumed daily using a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Participants were divided into tertiles according to their FVS (first: low, second: middle, third: high). Multivariate adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. For the stratified analysis, BMI was used to divide the participants into three groups - lean (BMI <20), normal (BMI 20-24.9) and overweight/obese (BMI ≥25). RESULTS: Overall, 454 (30.7%) men and 222 (15.2%) women died over a median follow-up period of 16.6 years. No significant association was observed between FVS and all-cause mortality. However, when grouped by BMI, for the participants in the lean group, the multivariate adjusted hazard ratios were 0.56 (95% confidence interval 0.32-0.96) for the middle FVS and 0.50 (95% confidence interval 0.25-1.02) for the high FVS, compared with the low FVS (P for trend = 0.059). In overweight/obese women, although not significant, total mortality was higher in the middle and high FVS. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that dietary diversity should be promoted in lean older Japanese adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 736-744.

Does the experience of the first assistant affect organ injuries in laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign diseases?
Yoko Tsuzuki, Takumi Hirata, Shinya Tsuzuki, Shinichiro Wada, Akiko Tamakoshi
Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 307, 2, 453, 458, 2022年09月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: This study sought to explore whether the experience level of the first assistant surgeon influences perioperative organ injuries (ureteral, bladder, and intestinal injuries) in patients undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) for benign diseases. We defined an experienced surgeon as a surgeon certified by the Skill Qualification Committee of the Japan Society of Gynecologic and Obstetric Endoscopy and Minimally Invasive Therapy or a surgeon with equivalent surgical skills. METHODS: We reviewed our surgical registry database of TLH for benign indications between 2014 and 2020 and only selected cases performed by an experienced primary surgeon. Patients were divided into two groups based on the experience level of the first assistant. Inverse probability of treatment weighting by propensity score, which was adjusted for patient and procedure characteristics, was used to examine differences in perioperative organ injuries according to the experience level of the first assistant. RESULTS: Among 1682 patients who underwent TLH, 18 organ injuries were found (0.83%). In the propensity score inverse probability of treatment weighting models, less experience of the first assistant had no significant impact on the occurrence of perioperative organ injuries (p = 0.348). CONCLUSION: In TLH for benign indications at our hospital, given an experienced primary surgeon, the inclusion of a less experienced first assistant does not negatively affect the occurrence of perioperative organ injuries.

Association between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer in the Japanese population: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Ayako Kato, Chika Okada, Ehab S Eshak, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Cancer medicine, 2022年08月10日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies of the dietary intake of specific n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and anatomical subsite-specific colorectal cancer (CRC) are limited. We examined the prospective associations of total n-3 PUFA, marine-derived n-3 PUFA [combined eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)], and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) as plant-derived n-3 PUFA with the risk of CRC by subsite in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. METHODS: The participants completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire and had no prior history of CRC. Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the associations between n-3 PUFAs intake and CRC risk overall and by anatomical subsite. RESULTS: During the median 13.8-year follow-up period, 699 of the 42,536 participants aged 40-79 years developed incident CRC. An inverse association was found between dietary ALA intake and the risk of distal colon cancer; the multivariable hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the highest quartiles (Q4) were 0.41 (0.21-0.81; p trend = 0.01) compared with the lowest quartiles (Q1). Marine n-3 PUFA intake was not associated with CRC risk in the overall or anatomical subsite-specific analyses. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that higher ALA intake may be beneficial for lowering the risk of distal colon cancer.

Association between serum carotenoids and premature mortality in a population-based case-control study.
Ryosuke Fujii, Koji Suzuki, Hiroya Yamada, Miyuki Kawado, Shuji Hashimoto, Yoshiki Tsuboi, Kenji Wakai, Hiroyasu Iso, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Yoshihisa Fujino, Akiko Tamakoshi
Nagoya journal of medical science, 84, 3, 607, 620, 2022年08月, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Carotenoids are abundant pigments mainly contained in vegetables and fruits, and show antioxidant properties by quenching free radicals in human body. Few studies have investigated associations between serum carotenoid levels and premature mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between serum carotenoid level and premature mortality in a Japanese population. This study included 446 Japanese adults (174 men, aged of 40-64) recruited as participants in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. Serum carotenoid level was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Premature mortality was defined as death before 65 years old during the follow-up period. Premature mortality was ascertained in 60 men (34.5%) and 65 women (23.9%). In men, compared to the 1st tertile of serum β-cryptoxanthin and provitamin A, those who were in the 3rd tertile had lower risks of premature all-cause mortality (OR, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.07-0.47 for β-cryptoxanthin, and 0.24, 0.09-0.61 for provitamin A). In women, compared to the 1st tertile of serum β-cryptoxanthin, those who were in the 3rd tertile had higher risks of premature all-cause mortality (OR, 95% CI: 1.94, 1.00-4.03). These significant associations were observed in analyses for premature cancer mortality. We found significant associations between higher levels of serum β-cryptoxanthin and provitamin A and lower risks of premature mortality among Japanese men, while a different directional association was found in women. Although these findings suggest roles of serum carotenoids on premature mortality, further studies are needed to validate this association in other populations.

Changes in behavioral activities and transition of depressive symptoms among younger-old community-dwelling adults during 6 years: An age-specific prospective cohort study.
Yifan Shan, Wenjing Zhao, Wen Hao, Takashi Kimura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Hideki Ohira, Takashi Kawamura, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Akiko Tamakoshi
International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 37, 8, 2022年08月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: Regular engagement in behavioral activities plays a crucial role against depressive symptoms in older adults. This study aims to explore the relationship between behavioral activities and the temporal evolution of depressive symptoms. METHODS: We included community-dwelling Japanese adults aged 64 or 65 years with and without depressive symptoms enrolled in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation (NISSIN) project. Depressive symptoms at baseline and follow-up were assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. Behavioral activities were measured by self-reported questions. Risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using modified Poisson regression, adjusting for relevant sociodemographic variables and health-related confounders. RESULTS: During the 6 year follow-up period, 139 (10.1%) without depressive symptoms at baseline developed such symptoms over time, while 174 (51.6%) with depressive symptoms improved to the point of these symptoms being absent. The participants without depressive symptoms at baseline and those who engaged in social activity or daily walking at a continued regular frequency (CRF) or an increased frequency (IF) and exercise habits at CRF were the least likely to have depressive symptoms onset at follow-up. There was no significant difference between the changes in behavioral activities and the improvement of depressive symptoms after controlling for confounders. Participants engaging in a greater variety of behavioral activities at CRF were less likely to experience a new onset of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent and regular participation in one or more behavioral activities was significantly associated with the onset of depressive symptoms in Japanese community-dwelling older adults.

Biennial Changes in the Characteristics of Patients with Methamphetamine Use Disorder in Japan from 2000 to 2020.
Taisuke Yamamoto, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Toshihiko Matsumoto
Journal of psychoactive drugs, 1, 9, 2022年07月27日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Methamphetamine is an illegal drug with the greatest burdens in Japan. Social and medical measures to combat methamphetamine dependence have been implemented, but no reports on changes in the characteristics of methamphetamine use disorder patients have been conducted. We aimed to describe these changes, and provide information on the results of social and medical measures. We concatenated cross-sectional surveys from 2000 to 2020 and analyzed biennial changes. Twenty-year data from 2000 to 2018 were age-weighted according to the age structure in 2020. We performed Cochran-Armitage trend tests for crude and age-weighted changes in patient variables. There was an increase in the number of patients with methamphetamine use disorder undergoing treatment and those with a history of drug-related arrests. Patients who achieved 1-year abstinence increased, and those diagnosed with psychotic disorders decreased. Patients with a history of non-drug-related arrests and without revealing their source of methamphetamine decreased. The ages of the patient population increased, and patients with a history of benzodiazepine misuse increased. Social measures linking methamphetamine users to psychiatric care may increase the number of patients who undergo treatment.

Scallop aquaculture has a potential risk of natto-induced hypersensitivity reactions in a local area of northern Japan.
Isaku Kurotori, Takashi Kimura, Wataru Sasao, Masahiko Abe, Hideki Kumagai, Akiko Tamakoshi
Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology, 72, 1, 128, 134, 2022年07月08日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Fermented soybean (natto)-induced hypersensitivity reactions (natto allergy) are rare and can result in late-onset anaphylaxis. The allergen in natto is considered to be poly-γ-glutamic acid (PGA), and marine sports are a risk factor for natto allergy due to epicutaneous sensitization to PGA from cnidarian stings. However, no research on natto allergy in fishery workers has yet been performed. METHODS: We conducted a chart review of inpatients diagnosed with anaphylaxis due to natto at Hokkaido Prefectural Haboro Hospital between April 1, 2009, and August 31, 2020. We also administered self-report questionnaires about food hypersensitivity reactions to Japanese fishery workers, including members of the Kitarumoi Fishery Cooperative Association and part-time workers in this area, from February 1 to May 31, 2021. RESULTS: We found six inpatients (29 inpatients with food-induced anaphylaxis among approximately 11,000 community-dwelling residents) with late-onset anaphylaxis due to natto; all were involved in scallop aquaculture. The questionnaires revealed that 27 participants had natto allergy. We divided the fishery workers into a scallop aquaculture (Scallop) group (n = 211) and other fishery group (n = 106). The Scallop group was significantly associated with natto allergy after adjustments for confounders (OR: 5.73, 95% CI: 1.46-22.56) by logistic regression analysis. In the Scallop group, older age, experience in repairing nets, and a longer length of work experience were significantly related to participants with natto allergy (n = 23), but not participants without natto allergy (n = 181). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated an association between scallop aquaculture and natto allergy.

Super-additive associations between parity and education level on mortality from cardiovascular disease and other causes: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Sumiyo Yasukawa, Eri Eguchi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
BMC women's health, 22, 1, 278, 278, 2022年07月06日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: While women's parity status and education level have independent associations with cardiovascular and other diseases, no studies have evaluated the additive interaction of these two factors. Therefore, we examined the additive interaction between parity and education level on mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease, total cardiovascular disease, cancer, non-cardiovascular disease, and non-cancer causes, and all causes in Japanese women. METHODS: This study followed 41,242 women aged 40-79 years without a history of cardiovascular disease or cancer from 1988 to 1990 until 2009. Baseline parity and education level were classified into four categories, with highly educated parous women as the reference group. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to calculate the risk of mortality. We also assessed the additive interactions between parity and education level on mortality from cardiovascular disease and other causes using the relative excess risk due to interaction obtained using Cox models. RESULTS: During the median follow-up period of 19.1 years, we identified 6299 deaths. In a multivariable model adjusted for cardiovascular disease and other disease risk factors, nulliparous women with low education levels had increased multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of 1.67 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13, 2.47) for stroke, 1.98 (95% CI 1.15, 3.39) for coronary heart disease, 1.71 (95% CI 1.34,2.18) for total cardiovascular disease, 1.69 (95% CI 1.33, 2.14) for non-cardiovascular and non-cancer, and 1.51 (95% CI 1.30, 1.75) for all-cause mortality when compared with highly educated parous women. Moreover, we observed significant additive interactions between parity and education level on total cardiovascular disease mortality (P = 0.04), non-cardiovascular disease and non-cancer mortality (P = 0.01), and all-cause mortality (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Nulliparity and low education levels are super-additively associated with total cardiovascular disease, non-cardiovascular and non-cancer, and all-cause mortality risks, suggesting that nulliparous women with low education levels need specific support for preventing mortality related to cardiovascular and other diseases.

Alcohol Consumption and Long-Term Mortality in Men with or without a History of Myocardial Infarction.
Isao Muraki, Hiroyasu Iso, Hironori Imano, Renzhe Cui, Satoyo Ikehara, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2022年07月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS: The evidence for the impact of alcohol consumption on long-term mortality among myocardial infarction (MI) survivors was limited. We aimed to examine whether alcohol consumption was associated with cause-specific and all-cause mortality in men with or without a history of MI. METHODS: A total of 32,004 men aged 40-79 years with no history of MI and 1,137 male MI survivors, free of stroke and cancer, were followed through the end of 2009. Alcohol consumption was assessed using self-administered questionnaires at baseline and five years. RESULTS: In MI survivors, consuming 23-45 g/day of alcohol was associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality compared to never drinkers: the multivariable hazard ratio was 0.36 (95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.80). In non-MI men, a 10-26% lower risk was observed at ＜23 or 23-45 g/day with the U-shaped association for CHD, cardiovascular disease, other causes, and all causes (P-quadratic ＜0.001). CONCLUSION: Alcohol consumption of 23-45 g/day was associated with a lower CHD mortality in MI survivors as so in men without MI.

Green Tea Consumption and Risk of Depression Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Akinori YAEGASHI, Takashi KIMURA, Takumi HIRATA, Akiko TAMAKOSHI
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 68, 3, 155, 161, Center for Academic Publications Japan, 2022年06月30日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between green tea consumption and depression symptom risk, using subgroup analyses concerning study design, geographical region of study, adjustment factors, age, cut-off for the highest consumption category, and depression assessment methods applied. We used PubMed to search for relevant literature. The inclusion criteria were studies that (a) investigated this association as a primary or secondary outcome; (b) published in English; (c) assessed and reported hazard ratios or odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for depression symptoms, or included sufficient information to allow their calculation; (d) included at least two groups differentiated based on green tea consumption (e.g., high and low); (e) reported the prevalence of depression symptoms in each group; and (f) reported the sample size for each group. Eight articles were found to meet all criteria. The results indicated that high green tea consumption is inversely associated with depression symptoms. The pooled OR was 0.66 (95% CI 0.58-0.74), and significant heterogeneity was not observed. Subgroup analysis showed that study design impacted results (cohort study [one study]: OR=0.29, 95% CI=0.04-2.14; cross-sectional study [seven studies]: OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.59-0.75). These findings suggest that green tea consumption reduces the risk of depression symptoms. This association was also observed in the cohort study included, but the results in which did not reach the significant level. Therefore, further cohort studies are needed to confirm the potential causal relationship in this regard.

Smoking Cessation and Mortality from Aortic Dissection and Aneurysm: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study.
Yiyi Yang, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Tomomi Kihara, Renzhe Cui, Ehab S Eshak, Isao Muraki, Kokoro Shirai, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2022年06月18日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS: Active cigarette smoking was intensively reported to increase the risk of aortic mortality while research on the association between smoking cessation and aortic mortality remains scarce. This study aimed to reconfirm the associations of exposure to cigarettes and smoking cessation associated with aortic mortality in a large Japanese population. METHODS: In the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study, 91,141 residents (57±10 years; men, 43%) who were free of stroke, coronary heart disease, and cancer were followed up from 1989-90 until 2009 during which 110 deaths from aortic dissection and 112 deaths from aneurysm were identified. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate multivariable hazard ratios (95%CI) for total and specific aortic mortality. RESULTS: Compared to never smoking, HRs for total aortic mortality were 2.39 (1.40-4.08) for ＜20, 3.57 (2.19-5.83)for 20-39, and 3.92 (2.37-6.48) for ≥ 40 pack-years exposure. Compared to current smoking, HRs for total aortic mortality were 0.42 (0.18-0.97) for 10-15 years, 0.27 (0.11-0.66) for ＞15 years of cessation, and 0.24 (0.13-0.44) for never smoking. Similar inverse dose-response pattern was observed between smoking cessation duration and risk of mortality from aortic aneurysm (p for trend=0.001), but the association with aortic dissection mortality did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking was associated with an increased risk of aortic mortality while smoking cessation was so with a reduced risk among the Japanese population.

Dairy Intake and the Risk of Esophageal Cancer: The JACC Study.
Ahmed Arafa, Ehab S Eshak, Kokoro Shirai, Isao Muraki, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of epidemiology, 32, 6, 298, 300, 2022年06月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Sleep duration and risk of cancer incidence and mortality: A pooled analysis of six population-based cohorts in Japan.
Calistus Wilunda, Sarah Krull Abe, Thomas Svensson, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Hidemi Ito, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Ritsu Sakata, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Matsuo, Keitaro Tanaka, Yingsong Lin, Manami Inoue
International journal of cancer, 2022年05月26日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Sleep duration is emerging as an important modifiable risk factor for morbidity and mortality. We assessed the association between sleep duration and cancer incidence and mortality among Japanese adults using data from six population-based cohorts with 271 694 participants. During a total follow-up period of about 5.9 million person-years, we identified 40 751 incident cancer cases and 18 323 cancer deaths. We computed study-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox proportional hazards regression models and pooled the estimates using random-effects meta-analysis. Sleep duration of ≥10 hours (vs 7 hours) was associated with increased risk of cancer incidence among women (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02-1.38), but not men, and increased risk of cancer mortality among men (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.00-1.39) and women (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.20-1.73). Sleep duration of ≤5 hours (vs 7 hours) was not associated with cancer incidence and mortality. However, among postmenopausal women, sleep durations of both ≤5 and ≥10 hours (vs 7 hours) were associated with an increased risk of cancer mortality. Among Japanese adults, sleep duration of ≥10 hours is associated with increased risk of cancer incidence and mortality among women and cancer mortality among men.

Association of Marital Status With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in Asia.
Chi Yan Leung, Hsi-Lan Huang, Sarah Krull Abe, Eiko Saito, Md Rashedul Islam, Md Shafiur Rahman, Ai Ikeda, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yu-Tang Gao, Woon-Puay Koh, Xiao-Ou Shu, Ritsu Sakata, Ichiro Tsuji, Jeongseon Kim, Sue K Park, Chisato Nagata, San-Lin You, Jian-Min Yuan, Myung-Hee Shin, Wen-Harn Pan, Shoichiro Tsugane, Takashi Kimura, Wanqing Wen, Hui Cai, Kotaro Ozasa, Sanae Matsuyama, Seiki Kanemura, Yumi Sugawara, Aesun Shin, Keiko Wada, Chien-Jen Chen, Renwei Wang, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Daehee Kang, Manami Inoue
JAMA network open, 5, 5, e2214181, 2022年05月02日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Importance: Marital status has been shown to be associated with mortality, but evidence in Asian populations is limited. Objective: To examine the association of marital status with total and cause-specific mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study included individual participant data from 16 prospective studies in the Asia Cohort Consortium conducted between 1963 and 2015. Asian participants with complete information on marital and vital status were included. Study-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards model and then pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. The analysis began in February 2021 and ended in August 2021. Exposures: Marital status. Main Outcomes and Measures: All-cause and cause-specific mortality. Results: Of 623 140 participants (326 397 women [52.4%] and 296 743 men [47.6%]; mean [SD] age, 53.7 [10.2] years; mean [SD] follow-up time, 15.5 [6.1] years), 123 264 deaths were ascertained. Compared with married individuals, those who were unmarried had pooled HRs of 1.15 (95% CI, 1.07-1.24) for total mortality, 1.12 (95% CI, 1.03-1.22) for cerebrovascular disease mortality, 1.20 (95% CI, 1.09-1.31) for coronary heart disease mortality, 1.17 (95% CI, 1.07-1.28) for circulatory system diseases mortality, 1.06 (95% CI, 1.01-1.11) for cancer mortality, 1.14 (95% CI, 1.05-1.23) for respiratory diseases mortality, and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.05-1.34) for external causes of death. Positive associations with total mortality were also observed for those who were single (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.41-1.86), separated (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.13-1.61), divorced (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.13-1.69), and widowed (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.13). In subgroup analyses, the positive association persisted across baseline health conditions, and the risk of death was more pronounced among men or people younger than 65 years. Conclusions and Relevance: This large pooled cohort study of individual participant data provides strong evidence that being unmarried, as well as belonging to the unmarried subcategories, was positively associated with total and cause-specific mortality. Investment of targeted social support services might need to be considered in light of the mortality differences between married and unmarried individuals.

Impact of modifiable healthy lifestyle adoption on lifetime gain from middle to older age.
Ryoto Sakaniwa, Midori Noguchi, Hironori Imano, Kokoro Shirai, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Age and ageing, 51, 5, 2022年05月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: this study explored whether the modification of selected lifestyles is likely to increase life expectancy from middle age onwards, regardless of the presence of major comorbidities. METHODS: we examined a prospective cohort of 20,373 men and 26,247 women aged 40-80 years. Eight modifiable lifestyle factors were assessed: consumption of fruit, fish and milk, walking and/or sports participation, body-mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption and sleep duration. Modifiable healthy lifestyle factors scored one point each, for a maximum of eight points. The impact of modifiable healthy lifestyle adoption on lifetime gain during the ages of 40-102 years was analysed. FINDINGS: during the median 21 years of follow-up, 8,966 individuals (3,683 men and 5,283 women) died. Life expectancy at 40 years (95% confidence intervals) for 7-8 health lifestyle points was 46.8 (45.6-48.1) and 51.3 (50.0-52.6) years for men and women, respectively. The potential impact of modifiable healthy lifestyle adoption on lifetime gain persisted over the age of 80 years or more, in individuals with ≥5 factors (P < 0.001), particularly older men. The benefits were more pronounced among patients with major comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease and those with multimorbidity throughout all age categories. CONCLUSION: adopting modifiable healthy lifestyles was associated with lifetime gain, even in individuals aged 80 years or more, regardless of the presence of any major comorbidities in each life stage since middle age. The findings imply the importance of improving the one's lifestyle for an increased lifespan, even among older patients and/or those with multimorbidity.

Associations of Dietary Intakes of Vitamins B1 and B3 with Risk of Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease among Japanese Men and Women: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Chengyao Tang, Ehab S. Eshak, Kokoro Shirai, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
British Journal of Nutrition, 1, 27, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2022年04月25日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Abstract

Purpose:

We aimed to examine the association of dietary vitamin B1 and B3 intakes with risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Japanese men and women aged 40 to 79 years using the Japan Collaborative Cohort study (JACC), a nationwide, community-based prospective study.

Methods:

The Cox proportional hazard model estimated the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals of CVD mortality across increasing energy-adjusted quintiles of dietary vitamins B1 and B3 intakes among 58,302 JACC study’s participants (22,989 men and 35,313 women) who completed a food frequency questionnaire.

Results:

During 960,225 person-years of follow-up, we documented a total of 3,371 CVD deaths. After adjustment for age, sex, and other CVD risk factors, HRs of mortality from ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and heart failure in the highest versus lowest vitamin B1 intake quintiles were 0.57 (0.40-0.80; P for trend <0.01), 0.56 (0.37-0.82; P for trend <0.01), and 0.65 (0.45-0.96; P for trend =0.13). The multivariable HR of myocardial infarction mortality in the highest versus lowest vitamin B3 intake quintiles was 0.66 (0.48-0.90; P for trend = 0.02). A tendency towards a reduced risk of hemorrhagic stroke mortality was observed with a higher dietary intake of vitamin B3; HR: 0.74 (0.55-1.01) but not vitamin B1.

Conclusions:

Higher dietary intakes of vitamins B1 and B3 were inversely associated with mortality from ischemic heart disease and a higher dietary intake of vitamin B1 was inversely associated with a reduced risk of mortality from heart failure among Japanese men and women.

平成30年北海道胆振東部地震における大規模停電時の札幌市在宅人工呼吸器患者への対応の実態と課題
方波見 謙一, 木村 尚史, 玉腰 暁子
日本在宅救急医学会誌, 5, 2, 1, 7, (一社)日本在宅救急医学会, 2022年03月
日本語, 【目的】平成30年北海道胆振東部地震に伴った停電における、札幌市在宅人工呼吸器患者への対応の実態と入院となったリスク要因を検討する。【方法】札幌市在宅医療協議会所属会員を対象として行われたアンケート調査を利用し、本研究を行った。【結果】札幌市内の在宅人工呼吸器患者数は230名であった。使用時間が常時(24時間)であれば入院に対するPR(prevalence ratio)は9.07(95%CI:5.10～16.10、p<.0001)、人工呼吸器設定についてはTPPV(tracheostomy positive pressure ventilation)の場合、TPPVではない場合に比べ入院に対するPRは3.57(95%CI:2.29～5.55、p<.0001)であった。年齢と使用時間による多変量解析では、使用時間のPRが9.21(95%CI:5.17～16.39、p<.0001)であった。入院とならなかった患者は147名であり、入院回避の理由として、電源が確保できたが87名(59.2%)で、自家用車からの電源確保が35名(40.2%)であった。【結語】災害に伴った停電時には在宅人工呼吸器24時間使用は入院のリスクとなる。リスクが高い患者において日ごろから自家用車などの非常電源を確保しておくことが、災害急性期の停電対策として重要である。(著者抄録)

平成30年北海道胆振東部地震における大規模停電時の札幌市在宅人工呼吸器患者への対応の実態と課題
方波見 謙一, 木村 尚史, 玉腰 暁子
日本在宅救急医学会誌, 5, 2, 1, 7, (一社)日本在宅救急医学会, 2022年03月, ［査読有り］
日本語, 【目的】平成30年北海道胆振東部地震に伴った停電における、札幌市在宅人工呼吸器患者への対応の実態と入院となったリスク要因を検討する。【方法】札幌市在宅医療協議会所属会員を対象として行われたアンケート調査を利用し、本研究を行った。【結果】札幌市内の在宅人工呼吸器患者数は230名であった。使用時間が常時(24時間)であれば入院に対するPR(prevalence ratio)は9.07(95%CI:5.10〜16.10、p<.0001)、人工呼吸器設定についてはTPPV(tracheostomy positive pressure ventilation)の場合、TPPVではない場合に比べ入院に対するPRは3.57(95%CI:2.29〜5.55、p<.0001)であった。年齢と使用時間による多変量解析では、使用時間のPRが9.21(95%CI:5.17〜16.39、p<.0001)であった。入院とならなかった患者は147名であり、入院回避の理由として、電源が確保できたが87名(59.2%)で、自家用車からの電源確保が35名(40.2%)であった。【結語】災害に伴った停電時には在宅人工呼吸器24時間使用は入院のリスクとなる。リスクが高い患者において日ごろから自家用車などの非常電源を確保しておくことが、災害急性期の停電対策として重要である。(著者抄録)

Associations of social capital and health at a city with high aging rate and low population density
Jun-ichiro Watanabe, Takashi Kimura, Takahiro Nakamura, Daisuke Suzuki, Takashi Takemoto, Akiko Tamakoshi
SSM - Population Health, 17, 100981, 100981, Elsevier {BV}, 2022年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Walking time, sports activity, job type, and body posture during work in relation to incident colorectal cancer: the JACC prospective cohort study.
Ehab S Eshak, Hiroyuki Noda, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Cancer causes & control : CCC, 33, 3, 473, 481, 2022年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: An inverse association between physical activity and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been suggested. We aimed to assess the specific and combined effects of leisure-time and occupational physical activities on CRC risk among Japanese adults. METHODS: Using Cox proportional hazard models, we tested whether walking time, sports activity, body posture during work, and job type-or the combination of these variables-were associated with CRC incidence in a prospective cohort of 26,897 Japanese adults aged 40-79 years. RESULTS: During a median 17-year follow-up (1990-2009) period, we ascertained 423 incident cases of CRC (267 colon and 156 rectum cancer). Time spent walking suggested a dose-response inverse relationship with CRC risk (p-trend = 0.051). Manual labor was associated with lower CRC risk when compared to office work with HRs (95% CIs) of 0.74 (0.56-0.97) for CRC and 0.68 (0.48-0.96) for colon cancer. Compared to sitting, moving during work tended to be inversely associated with rectal cancer risk, especially after censoring early incident cases within 3 years after baseline; HR (95% CI) = 0.63 (0.40-0.99). Combining walking and job type suggested mutual and synergistic benefits on the risk of colon cancer (p-interaction = 0.03). Compared to office workers walking < 1 h/day, the HR (95% CI) of colon cancer was 0.48 (0.23-0.98), 0.61 (0.42-0.89), and 0.59 (0.41-0.87) in office workers walking ≥ 1 h/day, non-office workers walking < 1 h/day, and non-office workers walking ≥ 1 h/day, respectively. CONCLUSION: The time spent walking, job type, and posture during work were independently associated with the reduced incident CRC risk among Japanese men and women.

Variables associated with methamphetamine use within the past year and sex differences among patients with methamphetamine use disorder: A cross-sectional study in Japan.
Taisuke Yamamoto, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Toshihiko Matsumoto
The American journal on addictions, 31, 2, 134, 141, 2022年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Methamphetamine use disorder is the most common reason for psychiatrist visits among illicit drug users in Japan. Although variables associated with methamphetamine use and sex differences have been reported in the United States, Australia, and Asian countries, such studies are rare in Japan. We examined methamphetamine use within the past year among patients receiving treatment by sex and proposed important treatment targets. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed the Nationwide Mental Hospital Survey on Drug-related Psychiatric Disorders. We divided 1086 men and 376 women into two groups according to methamphetamine use within the past year and conducted log-binomial regression analyses by sex to examine the variables associated with methamphetamine use. For methamphetamine users, the source was identified. RESULTS: Women were more likely to obtain methamphetamine from their friends, acquaintances, family members, or partners than men. Multivariable regression analysis showed that younger age in both sexes and higher educational attainment (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06-1.57) and employment (PR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.05-1.51) were associated with methamphetamine use in men. Age-adjusted regression analysis showed that the variables associated with methamphetamine use were comorbid alcohol abuse and cannabis abuse in women and benzodiazepine abuse in both sexes. CONCLUSION AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: In women, in particular, the surrounding relationships related to methamphetamine might be considered treatment targets. Young and working patients might need more accessible outpatient clinics and treatment programs. Comorbid substance abuse should be assessed and treated.

Association between body mass index and oesophageal cancer mortality: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies with >800 000 individuals in the Asia Cohort Consortium.
Sangjun Lee, Jieun Jang, Sarah Krull Abe, Shafiur Rahman, Eiko Saito, Rashedul Islam, Prakash C Gupta, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Woon-Puay Koh, Atsuko Sadakane, Ichiro Tsuji, Jeongseon Kim, Isao Oze, Chisato Nagata, San-Lin You, Myung-Hee Shin, Mangesh S Pednekar, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hui Cai, Jian-Min Yuan, Wanqing Wen, Kotaro Ozasa, Sanae Matsuyama, Seiki Kanemura, Aesun Shin, Hidemi Ito, Keiko Wada, Yumi Sugawara, Chien-Jen Chen, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Yu Chen, Habibul Ahsan, Paolo Boffetta, Kee Seng Chia, Keitaro Matsuo, You-Lin Qiao, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang, Sue K Park
International journal of epidemiology, 2022年03月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: The association between body mass index (BMI) and oesophageal cancer (OC) has been consistently negative among Asians, whereas different associations based on histological OC subtypes have been observed in Europeans and North Americans. We examined the association between BMI and OC mortality in the Asia Cohort Consortium. METHODS: We performed a pooled analysis to evaluate the association between BMI and OC mortality among 842 630 Asians from 18 cohort studies. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS: A wide J-shaped association between BMI and overall OC mortality was observed. The OC mortality risk was increased for underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2: HR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.80-2.70) and extreme obesity (BMI ≥35 kg/m2: HR = 4.38, 95% CI 2.25-8.52) relative to the reference BMI (23-25 kg/m2). This association pattern was confirmed by several alternative analyses based on OC incidence and meta-analysis. A similar wide J-shaped association was observed in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Smoking and alcohol synergistically increased the OC mortality risk in underweight participants (HR = 6.96, 95% CI 4.54-10.67) relative to that in reference BMI participants not exposed to smoking and alcohol. CONCLUSION: Extreme obesity and being underweight were associated with an OC mortality risk among Asians. OC mortality and BMI formed a wide J-shaped association mirrored by OSCC mortality. Although the effect of BMI on OSCC and oesophageal adenocarcinoma mortality can be different in Asians, further research based on a large case-control study is recommended.

Oral frailty and carriage of oral Candida in community-dwelling older adults (Check-up to discover Health with Energy for senior Residents in Iwamizawa; CHEER Iwamizawa).
Haruhisa Baba, Yutaka Watanabe, Kazuhito Miura, Kimiya Ozaki, Takae Matsushita, Miyako Kondoh, Kazutaka Okada, Akira Hasebe, Tokiyoshi Ayabe, Kiminori Nakamura, Shinji Nakaoka, Katsuhiko Ogasawara, Teppei Suzuki, Hiroshi Saito, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yutaka Yamazaki
Gerodontology, 39, 1, 49, 58, 2022年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between oral frailty and oral Candida carriage as a general indicator of deteriorating oral function in older adults. BACKGROUND: Older adults exhibit an elevated risk of oral candidiasis caused by Candida. Although many studies have identified factors associated with oral Candida carriage, none have evaluated its relationship with oral function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 210 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years who participated in wellness checks. Fungal flora expression in saliva samples was evaluated to identify oral C. albicans and C. glabrata. Participants were categorised by detection of neither strain (group 1), either one of the strains (group 2), or both strains (group 3). The relationship between oral Candida carriage and oral frailty was evaluated by multinomial logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The participants included 58 men and 152 women with a mean age of 74.2 ± 6.1 years. A total of 88 (41.9%), 94 (44.8%) and 28 (13.3%) participants were assigned to groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. In the multinomial logistic regression analysis, significant associations were observed between group 1 and group 2 for "Have you choked on your tea or soup recently?" and the number of applicable oral frailty items. Between group 1 and group 3, significant associations were observed for the number of remaining teeth, masticatory performance and the number of applicable oral frailty items. CONCLUSION: We obtained basic data useful for intervention studies aimed at verifying whether oral function management prevents deterioration of the oral bacterial flora.

Leisure activities and instrumental activities of daily living: A 3-year cohort study from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study.
Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yukako Tani, Yuri Sasaki, Junko Saito, Maho Haseda, Kokoro Shirai, Naoki Kondo, Katsunori Kondo, Ichiro Kawachi
Geriatrics & gerontology international, 22, 2, 152, 159, 2022年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: We prospectively examined the association between leisure activities and changes in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among participants of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES). METHODS: We analyzed data collected from 49 732 JAGES participants (23 359 men and 26 373 women), aged ≥65 years, from 24 municipalities in Japan. MEASUREMENTS: Baseline data were obtained for 25 types of leisure activities in which the cohort members participated. Baseline (2010) and follow-up (2013) data on IADL were collected - the outcome indicated changes in IADL scores from 2010 to 2013. We regressed changes in IADL scores from the 2010 to 2013 to the number of leisure activities. RESULTS: Older adults who engaged in more leisure activities had higher changes in IADL scores than those who engaged in fewer leisure activities: the β values (95% confidence interval [CI]) of the IADL scores were 0.001 [-0.04-0.04], 0.04 [0.01-0.08], 0.09 [0.05-0.13], 0.09 [0.05-0.14], 0.08 [0.02-0.13], and 0.13 [0.07-0.18] for having one, two, three, four, five, and more than six types of leisure activities (P for trend <0.001), respectively. Similar associations were found for different types of leisure activities, including predominantly physical and cultural activities. Statistically significant linear trends were obtained among the group, solitary, and other leisure activity subgroups (P for trend <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Encouraging engagement in leisure activities may promote maintenance of IADL among older populations. Different types of leisure activities appear to have similar positive impacts on IADL. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 152-159.

Plasma angiopoietin-like protein 2 levels and mortality risk among younger-old Japanese people: a population-based case-cohort study
Wenjing Zhao, Jun Morinaga, Shigekazu Ukawa, Motoyoshi Endo, Hiroya Yamada, Takashi Kawamura, Kenji Wakai, Kazuyo Tsushita, Masahiko Ando, Koji Suzuki, Yuichi Oike, Akiko Tamakoshi
The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2022年01月17日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）,
Aging is important medical and social problem. Excessive angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL)-2 signaling causes chronic tissue inflammation, promoting development and progression of aging-related diseases. Moreover, circulating ANGPTL2 levels reportedly predict risk of some aging-related diseases and subsequent death. However, there are as yet no reports of whether circulating ANGPTL2 levels predict vital prognosis in younger-old, community-dwelling populations. This study investigated associations between plasma ANGPTL2 levels and all-cause and specific-cause mortality in this population. The case-cohort study was abstracted from an on-going, age-specific prospective cohort study: the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project. This project enrolled 3073 participants aged 64 years at the beginning of the investigation from 1996 through 2005. A sub-cohort of 714 randomly sampled participants plus 387 cases representing deceased participants followed through 2015 underwent survival analysis. Plasma ANGPTL2 concentrations were positively associated with &gt;80% and 100% higher risk of all-cause mortality and cancer mortality, respectively, after adjustment for gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, walking time, sleep duration, caloric intake, medical status, disease history, BMI, and triglyceride, creatinine, uric acid, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. More robust association between ANGPTL2 levels and all-cause and cancer mortality was seen in subjects with either frailties or with lifestyles of heavier drinking or current smoking. Elevated plasma ANGPTL2 levels are associated with high all-cause and cancer mortality in a community-dwelling sample of younger-old adults. These findings expand our knowledge of human aging and associated diseases.

Soy Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Japanese Men and Women: JACC Study
Fangyu Yan, Ehab S. Eshak, Kokoro Shirai, Jia-Yi Dong, Isao Muraki, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, Frontiers Media SA, 2022年01月10日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, The evidence on the protective effects of soy foods against type 2 diabetes has been inconsistent. We thought to examine the association between the dietary intakes of soy and the risk of diabetes in a prospective study encompassing 21,925 healthy Japanese men and women aged 40–79 years. A validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire determined the intakes of soy, and their associations with risk of type 2 diabetes were evaluated by the logistic regression analysis. During the 5-year follow-up period, we observed 593 new cases of type 2 diabetes (302 in men and 291 in women). There was no association between dietary intakes of soy foods and the risk of type 2 diabetes among men. Whereas among women, higher tofu intake was inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes; the multivariable odds ratios (ORs) of type 2 diabetes were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.69–1.21) for 3–4 times per week and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.49–0.94) for almost daily (p-trend = 0.03) in reference to those consuming tofu less than 3 times per week. Intakes of boiled beans and miso soup were not associated with the risk in both genders. The inverse association tended to be more evident among overweight women and postmenopaused women. In conclusion, the frequency of tofu intake was inversely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes among women.

Association of accelerometer-measured physical activity with kidney function in a Japanese population: the DOSANCO Health Study.
Sachiko Sasaki, Koshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Shiho Amagasa, Shigeru Inoue, Takashi Kimura, Aya Yoshimura, Aya Tanaka, Takafumi Nakagawa, Akihiro Imae, Akiko Tamakoshi
BMC nephrology, 23, 1, 7, 2022年01月03日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Sedentary behavior and decreased physical activity are associated with reduced kidney function, yet most evidence is based on self-reported physical activity. This study investigated the association between accelerometer-based physical activity level and kidney function in a general Japanese population. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 440 community-dwelling Japanese participants, aged 35-79 years. Time (min/d) was assessed for the following types of physical activity: sedentary behavior, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Kidney function was assessed using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). A linear regression model was employed to calculate the β coefficient of eGFR for a 60-min/d increase in sedentary behavior and LPA and a 10-min/d increase in MVPA. A logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratio for low eGFR (< 60 versus ≥60 mL/min/1.73m2) for a 60-min/d or 10-min/d increase in each physical activity type. RESULTS: MVPA time and eGFR were positively associated in both men and women, after adjusting for age, body mass index, and other clinical characteristics (Men: β, 0.91; P = 0.021; Women: β, 0.70; P = 0.034). In women, sedentary behavior and eGFR were inversely associated after adjusting for the same factors (β, - 1.06; P = 0.048). The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for low eGFR associated with a 60-min increase in sedentary behavior was 1.65 (1.07-2.55) after adjusting for the same factors in women. CONCLUSION: Longer sedentary behavior and shorter MVPA time were associated with lower kidney function in the Japanese population.

循環器疾患既往者における脂肪酸摂取量と死亡との関連 JACC Study　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Sun Wanlu, 山岸 良匡, 木原 朋未, 岸田 里恵, 玉腰 暁子, 磯 博康
Journal of Epidemiology, 32, Suppl.1, 125, 125, (一社)日本疫学会, 2022年01月
日本語

Effect of physical activity on the risk of frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wenjing Zhao, Peng Hu, Weidi Sun, Weidong Wu, Jinhua Zhang, Hai Deng, Jun Huang, Shigekazu Ukawa, Jiahai Lu, Akiko Tamakoshi, Xudong Liu
PloS one, 17, 12, e0278226, 2022年, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: The relationship between physical activity (PA) and the risk of frailty has not reached a conclusive result. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of PA on the onset of frailty in the community-dwelling middle and older age adults by pooling data from cohort studies. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed via PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to June 01, 2021. Pooled adjusted effect estimates (ES) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by using the random-effect model and by comparing the highest with lowest levels of PA. Heterogeneity was tested using the I2 statistic and Q-test. The quality of evidence was evaluated by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS: A total of ten cohort studies with 14 records were selected, and the GRADE approach classified the quality of evidence as low. In comparison with the lowest level of PA, the highest level of PA was associated with 41% decreased odds of frailty (ES: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.51-0.67; I2 = 70.0%, P-heterogeneity < 0.001) after pooling results from included studies. In stratified analysis by frailty assessment approach, the highest level of PA was significantly associated with 37% (ES 0.63, 95% CI: 0.52-0.77, 49% (ES: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.41-0.63), and 30% (ES: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.65-0.75) reduced odds of frailty when pooling studies using criteria of physical frailty, multidimensional model, and accumulation of disability, respectively. Stratified analyses further by PA indicators and PA assessment tools yielded similar protective effects in any subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: This study with moderate-certainty evidence shows that a higher level of PA was associated with lower odds of frailty, and the benefits of PA for frailty prevention were independent of frailty assessment tools, PA indicators, and PA assessment methods. Findings from this study may help implement active exercise strategies to prevent frailty.

The Association Between Living Area in Childhood and Respiratory Disease Mortality in Adulthood.
Ayumu Iwasaki, Masayuki Teramoto, Isao Muraki, Kokoro Shirai, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
International journal of public health, 67, 1604778, 1604778, 2022年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective: No studies have examined the association between characteristics of urban areas and future respiratory disease mortality. We examined whether the type of living area during childhood was associated with all-cause and respiratory disease mortality in adulthood. Methods: A total of 81,413 Japanese participants aged 40-79 years old completed a lifestyle questionnaire including the type of childhood living areas. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to calculate the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all-cause and respiratory disease mortality. Results: Living in large city areas in childhood was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality [HR = 1.05 (95% CI, 1.01-1.10)], but not with respiratory disease mortality [HR = 1.04 (95% CI, 0.92-1.18)] compared to rural and remote areas. The excess risk of all-cause and respiratory disease mortality was primarily found in industrial areas among men; the respective multivariable HRs were 1.28 (95% CI, 1.00-1.64) and 1.90 (95% CI: 1.10-3.29). Conclusion: Eliminating childhood health hazards associated with living in industrial areas suggested to reduce the risk of mortality from respiratory diseases in adulthood.

Body Mass Index and Mortality from Nonrheumatic Aortic Valve Disease among Japanese Men and Women
Masayuki Teramoto, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Renzhe Cui, Kokoro Shirai, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, Japan Atherosclerosis Society, 2022年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Relationships between Age at Menarche and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality among Japanese Women: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC) Study
Kanako Ota, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Rie Kishida, Tomomi Kihara, Renzhe Cui, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, Japan Atherosclerosis Society, 2022年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Risk Factors of Mortality from Foreign Bodies in the Respiratory Tract: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Kenichi Katabami, Takashi Kimura, Takumi Hirata, Akiko Tamakoshi
Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 61, 9, 1353, 1359, 2022年, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective This study assessed the risk factors of mortality from foreign bodies in the respiratory tract using the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for the Evaluation of Cancer Risk data. Methods Data of 110,585 participants 40-79 years old living in 45 areas in Japan were collected between 1988 and 2009. Mortality from foreign bodies in the respiratory tract was assessed in a multivariable-adjusted analysis using a Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results Among all participants, 202 deaths occurred from foreign bodies in the respiratory tract. In the multivariable-adjusted model, older age [50-59 (hazard ratio, 4.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.91-12.74), 60-69 (hazard ratio, 14.96, 6.01-37.25) and 70-79 (hazard ratio, 53.81; 95% confidence interval, 21.44-135.02) years old compared to 40-49 years old], male sex (hazard ratio, 2.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.54-3.54), a history of apoplexy (hazard ratio, 7.04; 95% confidence interval, 4.24-11.67) and the absence of a spouse (hazard ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-2.32) were associated with an increased risk of mortality from foreign bodies in the respiratory tract. Conclusions Older age, male sex, medical history of apoplexy and the absence of a spouse were potential risk factors of mortality from foreign bodies in the respiratory tract. Especially in elderly men, social connections, such as cohabitation or relationships, may be important for ensuring the early detection of asphyxia and preventing death due to foreign bodies in the respiratory tract.

Alcohol intake and stomach cancer risk in Japan: A pooled analysis of six cohort studies.
Takashi Tamura, Kenji Wakai, Yingsong Lin, Akiko Tamakoshi, Mai Utada, Kotaro Ozasa, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Ayami Ono, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hidemi Ito, Chisato Nagata, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Mariko Naito, Keitaro Tanaka, Taichi Shimazu, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Matsuo, Manami Inoue
Cancer science, 113, 1, 261, 276, 2022年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The association between alcohol intake and stomach cancer risk remains controversial. We undertook a pooled analysis of data from six large-scale Japanese cohort studies with 256 478 participants on this topic. Alcohol intake as ethanol was estimated using a validated questionnaire. The participants were followed for incidence of stomach cancer. We calculated study-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stomach cancer according to alcohol intake using a Cox regression model. Summary HRs were estimated by pooling the study-specific HRs using a random-effects model. During 4 265 551 person-years of follow-up, 8586 stomach cancer cases were identified. In men, the multivariate-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of stomach cancer were 1.00 (0.87-1.15) for occasional drinkers, and 1.00 (0.91-1.11) for <23 g/d, 1.09 (1.01-1.18) for 23 to <46 g/d, 1.18 (1.09-1.29) for 46 to <69 g/d, 1.21 (1.05-1.39) for 69 to <92 g/d, and 1.29 (1.11-1.51) for ≥92 g/d ethanol in regular drinkers compared with nondrinkers. In women, the multivariate-adjusted HRs were 0.93 (0.80-1.08) for occasional drinkers, and 0.85 (0.74-0.99) for <23 g/d, and 1.22 (0.98-1.53) for ≥23 g/d in regular drinkers compared with nondrinkers. The HRs for proximal and distal cancer in drinkers vs nondrinkers were 1.69 (1.15-2.47) and 1.24 (0.99-1.55) for ≥92 g/d in men, and 1.60 (0.76-3.37) and 1.18 (0.88-1.57) for ≥23 g/d in women, respectively. Alcohol intake increased stomach cancer risk in men, and heavy drinkers showed a greater point estimate of risk for proximal cancer than for distal cancer.

Association between Dietary Manganese Intake and Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in Japanese Population: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Ouyang Meishuo, Ehab S. Eshak, Isao Muraki, Renzhe Cui, Kokoro Shirai, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, Japan Atherosclerosis Society, 2022年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Association between pre‐pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus: The Japan Environment and Children's Study
Yoshihiro Saito, Sumitaka Kobayashi, Atsuko Ikeda‐Araki, Sachiko Ito, Chihiro Miyashita, Takashi Kimura, Takumi Hirata, Akiko Tamakoshi, Michinori Mayama, Kiwamu Noshiro, Kinuko Nakagawa, Takeshi Umazume, Kentaro Chiba, Satoshi Kawaguchi, Mamoru Morikawa, Kazutoshi Cho, Hidemichi Watari, Yoshiya Ito, Yasuaki Saijo, Reiko Kishi, Michihiro Kamijima, Shin Yamazaki, Yukihiro Ohya, Reiko Kishi, Nobuo Yaegashi, Koichi Hashimoto, Chisato Mori, Shuichi Ito, Zentaro Yamagata, Hidekuni Inadera, Takeo Nakayama, Hiroyasu Iso, Masayuki Shima, Youichi Kurozawa, Narufumi Suganuma, Koichi Kusuhara, Takahiko Katoh
Journal of Diabetes Investigation, Wiley, 2021年12月22日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Secondhand Smoke Exposure during Childhood and Cancer Mortality in Adulthood among Never Smokers: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk
Masayuki Teramoto, Hiroyasu Iso, Kenji Wakai, Akiko Tamakoshi
American Journal of Epidemiology, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2021年12月08日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）,
We examined whether secondhand smoke exposure during childhood was associated with cancer mortality in adulthood among never smokers. In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, we analyzed data from 45,722 Japanese lifetime non-smokers who were aged 40–79 years with no history of cancer at the baseline (1988–1990) and completed a lifestyle questionnaire including the number of family members who smoked at home during their childhood (0/1/2/3+ members). The Cox proportional hazards model and competing risk regression were used to calculate the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all and site-specific cancer mortality, according to the number of smoking family members during the participant’s childhood after adjusting for potential confounding factors. During the median follow-up of 19.2 years, a total of 2,356 deaths from cancer were documented. Secondhand smoke exposure was positively associated with the risk of mortality from pancreatic cancer in adulthood; the multivariable HR of 3+ smoking family members was 2.32 (95% CI: 1.14, 4.72), compared with 0 members. The associations were not evident for the risks of total or other types of smoking-related cancers. In conclusion, secondhand smoke exposure during childhood was associated with an increased risk of mortality from pancreatic cancer in adulthood.

Prediction of Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Deaths Stratified by Sex in the Japanese Population.
Yukiko Imai, Sachiko Mizuno Tanaka, Michihiro Satoh, Takumi Hirata, Yoshitaka Murakami, Katsuyuki Miura, Takashi Waki, Aya Hirata, Toshimi Sairenchi, Fujiko Irie, Mizuki Sata, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Shizukiyo Ishikawa, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Akiko Tamakoshi, Michiko Yamada, Masahiko Kiyama, Hiroyasu Iso, Kiyomi Sakata, Hideaki Nakagawa, Akira Okayama, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Tomonori Okamura
Journal of the American Heart Association, 10, 23, e021753, 2021年12月07日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background Lifetime risk is an informative estimate for driving lifestyle and behavioral changes especially for young adults. The impact of composite risk factors for cardiovascular disease on lifetime risk stratified by sex has not been investigated in the Japanese population, which has a much lower mortality of coronary heart disease compared with the Western population. We aimed to estimate lifetime risk of death from cardiovascular disease attributable to traditional risk factors. Methods and Results We analyzed pooled individual data from the Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in a Japanese cohort study. A modified Kaplan-Meier approach was used to estimate the remaining lifetime risk of cardiovascular death. In total, 41 002 Japanese men and women with 537 126 person-years of follow-up were included. The lifetime risk at the index-age of 45 years for those with optimal risk factors (total cholesterol <4.65 mmol/L, systolic blood pressure <120 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure <80 mm Hg, absence of diabetes, and absence of smoking habit) was lower compared with the highest risk profile of ≥2 risk factors (6.8% [95% CI, 0%-11.9%] versus 19.4% [16.7%-21.4%] for men and 6.9% [1.2%-11.5%] versus 15.4% [12.6%-18.1%] for women). Conclusions The magnitude and the number of risk factors were progressively associated with increased lifetime risk even in individuals in early adulthood who tend to have low short-term risk. The degree of established cardiovascular risk factors can be converted into lifetime risk. Our findings may be useful for risk communication in the early detection of future cardiovascular disease risk.

Low-intensity cigarette smoking and mortality risks: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies in Japan.
Maki Inoue-Choi, Neal D Freedman, Eiko Saito, Shiori Tanaka, Mayo Hirabayashi, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Yoshiaki Usui, Hidemi Ito, Chaochen Wang, Akiko Tamakoshi, Taro Takeuchi, Yuri Kitamura, Mai Utada, Kotaro Ozasa, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Taichi Shimazu, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Matsuo, Mariko Naito, Keitaro Tanaka, Kota Katanoda, Manami Inoue
International journal of epidemiology, 51, 4, 1276, 1290, 2021年10月30日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Increasing proportions of smokers in Japan smoke <10 cigarettes per day (CPD). Yet, the health risks of low-intensity smoking in Asia are poorly understood. METHODS: We performed a pooled analysis of 410 294 adults from nine population-based prospective cohort studies participating in the Japan Cohort Consortium. Cigarette-use data were collected at each study baseline in 1983-1994. Study-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality were calculated using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression by CPD among current smokers and by age at cessation among former smokers, with never smokers as the referent group. Pooled HRs and CIs were computed using a random-effect model. RESULTS: The smoking prevalence was 54.5% in men and 7.4% in women. About 15.5% of male and 50.4% of female current smokers smoked 1-10 CPD (low-intensity). Both male and female low-intensity smokers had higher all-cause mortality risks than never smokers. Risks were further higher with increasing CPD in a dose-response manner. HRs (95% CIs) were 1.27 (0.97-1.66), 1.45 (1.33-1.59) and 1.49 (1.38-1.62) for 1-2, 3-5 and 6-10 CPD, respectively, in men; 1.28 (1.01-1.62), 1.49 (1.34-1.66) and 1.68 (1.55-1.81) for 1-2, 3-5 and 6-10 CPD, respectively, in women. Similar associations were observed for smoking-related causes of death. Among former low-intensity smokers, younger age at cessation was associated with lower mortality risk. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking very low amounts was associated with increased mortality risks in Japan. All smokers should quit, even if they smoke very few CPD.

Dairy intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
Ahmed Arafa, Ehab Salah Eshak, Jia-Yi Dong, Kokoro Shirai, Isao Muraki, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
The British journal of nutrition, 1, 9, 2021年10月20日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Dairy product intake was suggested to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal cancers. This study investigated the association between dairy product intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer (PAC) using a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. First, we included 59 774 people aged 40-79 years from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study). The Cox regression was used to compute the hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI of incident PAC for individuals who reported the highest intakes of milk, cheese and yogurt compared with not consuming the corresponding dairy products. Then, we combined our results with those from other four prospective cohort studies that were eligible after searching several databases, in a meta-analysis, using the fixed-effects model before evaluating publication bias and heterogeneity across studies. In the JACC Study, the highest v. no intakes of milk, cheese and yogurt were not associated with the reduced risk of PAC after a median follow-up of 13·4 years: HR (95 % CI) = 0·93 (0·64, 1·33), 0·91 (0·51, 1·62) and 0·68 (0·38, 1·21), respectively. The results did not significantly change in the meta-analysis: 0·95 (0·82, 1·11) for milk, 1·16 (0·87, 1·55) for cheese and 0·91 (0·79, 1·05) for yogurt. The meta-analysis showed no signs of publication bias or heterogeneity across studies. To conclude, consumption of milk, cheese and yogurt was not associated with the risk of PAC either in the JACC Study or the meta-analysis.

Association of dietary protein intake with skeletal muscle mass in older adults: A systematic review.
Akinori Yaegashi, Takashi Kimura, Takumi Hirata, Akiko Tamakoshi
Geriatrics & gerontology international, 21, 12, 1077, 1083, 2021年10月13日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Protein supplementation has been shown to be effective in attenuating the loss of lean body mass and muscle mass in older adults; however, its benefits as dietary protein remain unclear. This systematic review of observational studies aimed to investigate the association of dietary protein intake with skeletal muscle mass (SM). Observational studies that investigated the association of dietary protein intake with SM in older adults were retrieved from MEDLINE, Web of Science and Cochrane-CENTRAL databases. Of the 26 analyses in the 17 studies, 18 showed a significant positive association. In cohort studies, 55.6% (five of nine analyses) showed a significant positive association. Of these, four analyses were adjusted for well-known confounding factors, used energy-adjusted protein intake, and used the amount of change of SM between baseline and follow-up as the outcome, with two of them showing a significant positive association. Although 69.2% (18 of 26 analyses) of the 17 studies showed a significant positive association between dietary protein intake and SM in older adults, most studies were cross-sectional and had at least one important methodological limitation. Therefore, we could not draw any conclusions. Thus, well-designed cohort studies are needed in future to identify the association between dietary protein intake and SM in older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; ••: ••-••.

Are Japanese Women Less Physically Active Than Men? Findings From the DOSANCO Health Study.
Shiho Amagasa, Shigeru Inoue, Shigekazu Ukawa, Sachiko Sasaki, Koshi Nakamura, Aya Yoshimura, Aya Tanaka, Takashi Kimura, Takafumi Nakagawa, Akihiro Imae, Ding Ding, Hiroyuki Kikuchi, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 31, 10, 530, 536, 2021年10月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BackgroundPrevious research has established that women accumulate less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) than men. To date, however, little is known about the gender differences in device-based activity patterns of sedentary behavior (SB) and light-intensity physical activity (LPA). We aimed to compare time spent in SB and different intensities of physical activity taking into account of co-dependence of time use domains.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Suttu town, Hokkaido, Japan. Data were analyzed from 634 Japanese adults (278 men, aged 19-92 years) who provided valid accelerometer (HJA-750C) data. Gender differences in activity behavior patterns were tested by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) based on isometric log-ratio transformations of time use, adjusting for age. We also developed bootstrap percentile confidence intervals (CI) to support the interpretation of which behavior differed between genders.ResultsOverall, participants had percent time spent in SB, LPA, MVPA during wearing time (mean 14.8 hours) corresponding to 53.9%, 41.7%, and 4.4%, respectively. Activity behavior patterns differed significantly between genders after controlling for time spent in all activities. Women spent relatively 13.3% (CI: 9.9, 15.9) less time in SB and 19.8% (CI: 14.9, 24.6) more time in LPA compared to men. The difference of time spent in MVPA was not statistically significant.ConclusionsIn contrast with previous studies, our findings suggest that Japanese women are more physically active than men when all intensities of activities are considered. Given the health benefits of LPA, evaluating only MVPA may disproportionately underestimate the level of physical activity of women.

Association of gait with global cognitive function and cognitive domains detected by MoCA-J among community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study.
Wen Hao, Wenjing Zhao, Takashi Kimura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Ken Kadoya, Katsunori Kondo, Akiko Tamakoshi
BMC geriatrics, 21, 1, 523, 2021年10月02日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Gait was proved to be strongly associated with global cognitive function and multiple cognitive domains; however, previous research usually concentrated on individual gait parameters. This study used wearable sensors to measure gait parameters in different aspects and comprehensively explored the association of gait with global cognitive function and cognitive domains. METHODS: The data of this cross-sectional study were obtained from 236 community-dwelling Japanese older adults (125 men and 111 women) aged 70-81 years. Gait was measured by asking participants to walk a 6-m course and back using the Physilog® sensors (GaiUp®, Switzerland). Global cognitive function and cognitive domains were evaluated by face-to-face interviews using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Twenty gait parameters were summarized as independent gait factors using factor analysis. A generalized linear model and linear regression model were used to explore the relationship of gait with global cognitive function and cognitive domains adjusted for several confounding factors. RESULTS: Factor analysis yielded four gait factors: general cycle, initial contact, propulsion, and mid-swing. Among them, general cycle factor was significantly associated with global cognitive function (β = - 0.487, [- 0.890, - 0.085]) and executive function (P = 0.049); initial contact was associated with executive function (P = 0.017). CONCLUSION: General cycle of gait might be the better marker of global cognitive function and gait is most strongly associated with executive function. The longitudinal relationships should be examined in future cohort studies.

高齢者におけるたんぱく質摂取量と骨格筋量及び除脂肪量との関連 システマティックレビュー　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
八重樫 昭徳, 木村 尚史, 平田 匠, 玉腰 暁子
日本サルコペニア・フレイル学会雑誌, 5, Suppl., 216, 216, (一社)日本サルコペニア・フレイル学会, 2021年10月
日本語

Dairy products and the risk of developing prostate cancer: A large-scale cohort study (JACC Study) in Japan.
Kazuya Mikami, Kotaro Ozasa, Tsuneharu Miki, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Mitsuru Mori, Tatsuhiko Kubo, Koji Suzuki, Kenji Wakai, Masahiro Nakao, Akiko Tamakoshi
Cancer medicine, 10, 20, 7298, 7307, 2021年10月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Dairy products have been indicated as a risk factor for prostate cancer. However, only a few epidemiological studies have reported dairy products as being a risk factor for prostate cancer in Japan, reporting contradictory results. We therefore investigated the association between the intake of dairy products and the occurrence of prostate cancer through a large-scale cohort study. The Japan Collaborative Cohort study analyzed approximately 110,000 residents from various Japanese districts who participated in our questionnaire survey during 1988-1990. The subjects of the present study were 26,464 men (age range: 40-79 years) from 24 districts wherein cancer incidence was reported. Their clinical course was followed up until 2009. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox's proportional hazards model, adjusted for age, survey area, family history of prostate cancer, body mass index, and total energy intake. For diet, we calculated the HRs associated with intermediate and high consumption of dairy products and compared them with those associated with low consumption. There were 412 cases of prostate cancer in the survey population. As dairy products, milk, yogurt, cheese, and butter were evaluated. Among them, milk consumption was associated with a significant risk (HR = 1.37, p = 0.009) and a dose-dependent response (p for trend = 0.009) adjusted for age and family history of prostate cancer, stratified by area. Milk and yogurt consumption showed a significantly positive risk and a dose-response relationship adjusted for age, family history of prostate cancer, body mass index, and total energy intake, stratified by area. In summary, a high intake of dairy products such as milk increased the risk of developing prostate cancer in Japanese men.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 Levels and Diabetes in a Japanese Population: The DOSANCO Health Study.
Koshi Nakamura, Shu-Ping Hui, Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Takafumi Nakagawa, Akihiro Imae, Hiroaki Okabe, Zhen Chen, Yusuke Miura, Hitoshi Chiba, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 33, 1, 31, 37, 2021年09月28日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Both decreased insulin sensitivity and impaired insulin secretion are common in Asian populations with diabetes, in contrast to Western populations. There is limited evidence regarding the association between insulin response in diabetes in Asian populations and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D3) insufficiency. METHODS: The present cross-sectional study compared the prevalence of diabetes, defined as a fasting plasma glucose level ≥126 mg/dL and/or a HbA1c level ≥6.5%, among 480 participants aged 35-79 years not taking anti-diabetes medications, based on serum 25(OH)D3 levels. A logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios for diabetes in each serum 25(OH)D3 group. Furthermore, this study examined the association between serum 25(OH)D3 levels and the index of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) using a linear regression model. RESULTS: The prevalence of diabetes was 7.29% in the study population, and was higher in lower serum 25(OH)D3 quartile groups. The odds ratios for diabetes in the first, second, and third serum 25(OH)D3 quartile groups (25[OH]D3: ≤18.10, 18.11-22.90, and 22.91-28.17 ng/mL) were 4.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-12.92), 2.50 (95% CI, 0.77-8.10), and 1.91 (95% CI, 0.60-6.09), respectively, with the fourth quartile group (≽28.18 ng/mL) serving as the reference group, after adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, physical and environmental factors. Serum 25(OH)D3 levels showed an inverse association with log-transformed HOMA-IR after adjusting for similar factors (standardized β = -0.08; 95% CI, -0.14 to -0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Serum 25(OH)D3 levels were inversely associated with diabetes prevalence in a general Japanese population, with a slight inverse association between serum 25(OH)D3 levels and HOMA-IR.

Supper Timing and Cardiovascular Mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Jingyun Tang, Jia-Yi Dong, Ehab S. Eshak, Renzhe Cui, Kokoro Shirai, Keyang Liu, Ryoto Sakaniwa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Nutrients, 13, 10, 3389, 3389, MDPI AG, 2021年09月27日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Evidence on the role of supper timing in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is limited. In this study, we examined the associations between supper timing and risks of mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and total CVD. A total of 28,625 males and 43,213 females, aged 40 to 79 years, free from CVD and cancers at baseline were involved in this study. Participants were divided into three groups: the early supper group (before 8:00 p.m.), the irregular supper group (time irregular), and the late supper group (after 8:00 p.m.). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for stroke, CHD, and total CVD according to the supper time groups. During the 19-year follow-up, we identified 4706 deaths from total CVD. Compared with the early supper group, the multivariable HR of hemorrhagic stroke mortality for the irregular supper group was 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.97). There was no significant association between supper timing and the risk of mortality from other types of stroke, CHD, and CVD. We found that adopting an irregular supper timing compared with having dinner before 8:00 p.m. was associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke mortality.

Comparison of dimension reduction methods on fatty acids food source study.
Yifan Chen, Yusuke Miura, Toshihiro Sakurai, Zhen Chen, Rojeet Shrestha, Sota Kato, Emiko Okada, Shigekazu Ukawa, Takafumi Nakagawa, Koshi Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hitoshi Chiba, Hideyuki Imai, Hiroyuki Minami, Masahiro Mizuta, Shu-Ping Hui
Scientific reports, 11, 1, 18748, 18748, 2021年09月21日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Serum fatty acids (FAs) exist in the four lipid fractions of triglycerides (TGs), phospholipids (PLs), cholesteryl esters (CEs) and free fatty acids (FFAs). Total fatty acids (TFAs) indicate the sum of FAs in them. In this study, four statistical analysis methods, which are independent component analysis (ICA), factor analysis, common principal component analysis (CPCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), were conducted to uncover food sources of FAs among the four lipid fractions (CE, FFA, and TG + PL). Among the methods, ICA provided the most suggestive results. To distinguish the animal fat intake from endogenous fatty acids, FFA variables in ICA and factor analysis were studied. ICA provided more distinct suggestions of FA food sources (endogenous, plant oil intake, animal fat intake, and fish oil intake) than factor analysis. Moreover, ICA was discovered as a new approach to distinguish animal FAs from endogenous FAs, which will have an impact on epidemiological studies. In addition, the correlation coefficients between a published dataset of food FA compositions and the loading values obtained in the present ICA study suggested specific foods as serum FA sources. In conclusion, we found that ICA is a useful tool to uncover food sources of serum FAs.

Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 and Incidence of Liver Cancer in a Nested Case-Control Study.
Yasushi Adachi, Masanori Nojima, Mitsuru Mori, Ryogo Himori, Toshiyuki Kubo, Noriyuki Akutsu, Yingsong Lin, Youichi Kurozawa, Kenji Wakai, Akiko Tamakoshi
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 30, 11, 2130, 2135, 2021年09月08日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)2 is a potent mitogen. To elucidate the relationship between IGF2 and risk of tumorigenesis, we analyzed associations between serum levels of IGF2 and incidence of liver cancer in a prospective case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort study. METHODS: A baseline survey was conducted from 1988 using blood samples from 39,242 subjects. Those who had been diagnosed with liver cancer by 1997 were regarded as cases. For each case, we randomly selected two or three controls matched for sex, age, and residential area. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs for cancer incidence associated with IGF2. RESULTS: This analysis included 86 cases and 294 controls. Low IGF2 was associated with risk of future liver cancer (P trend <0.001). After controlling for alcohol intake, body mass index, smoking, hepatitis viral infection, IGF1, and IGF-binding protein-3, participants with low IGF2 displayed a higher risk of liver cancer (P trend < 0.001). Individuals in quintiles 2 to 5 showed lower risk compared with quintile 1 (OR range, 0.05-0.16). In both sexes and in both nonelderly and elderly groups, subjects in the lowest quintiles showed higher risks of liver cancer. Limiting subjects to those followed for 3 years, low IGF2 was associated with cancer risk (P trend < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that low serum IGF2 level, especially below 460 ng/mL, is related to future risk of liver cancer. IMPACT: Our findings highlight this important biomarker for further analysis in large prospective cohorts and pooled investigation with other cohorts.

Height and Mortality from Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection.
Midori Takada, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2021年09月02日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS: Reports on the association between height and aortic disease have been modest, and there are only a few studies investigating the association between height and mortality from specific aortic disease types or by sex. METHODS: We conducted the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, a prospective study of 99,067 Japanese (41,730 men and 57,337 women) aged 40-79 years old. Height was self-reported, and the participants were followed up from 1988-1989 to the end of 2009. Sex-specific hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of mortality from aortic disease type according to sex-specific quartiles of height were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: During the median follow-up period of 19.1 years, the numbers of deaths due to aortic aneurysm, thoracic aortic aneurysm, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and aortic dissection were 87, 29, 48, and 56 among men and 35, 17, 15, and 65 among women, respectively. The sex-specific multivariate hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) and p for trend for the highest versus lowest quartiles of height were 1.10 (0.66-1.83), p=0.58 among men and 1.54 (0.85-2.79), p=0.06 among women for total aortic disease; 1.85 (0.80-4.28), p=0.16 among men and 5.67 (0.90-35.77), p=0.08 among women for abdominal aortic aneurysm; and 1.13 (0.48-2.64), p=0.65 among men and 1.70 (0.82-3.50), p=0.04 among women for aortic dissection. The positive association was observed for both sexes, albeit more prominent among women. No association was found between height and mortality from thoracic aortic aneurysms. CONCLUSIONS: As per our findings, we were able to determine that height was positively associated with mortality from abdominal aortic aneurysm in the Japanese population.

HPLC with spectrophotometric or mass spectrometric detection for quantifying very-long chain fatty acids in human plasma and its association with cardiac risk factors.
Rojeet Shrestha, Zhen Chen, Zijun Gao, Yifan Chen, Emiko Okada, Shigekazu Ukawa, Takafumi Nakagawa, Koshi Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hitoshi Chiba, Shu-Ping Hui
Annals of clinical biochemistry, 58, 5, 400, 410, 2021年09月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: We developed and compared two liquid chromatography methods, one with UV/Visible spectrophotometric detection (HPLC) and the other with mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS), for quantifying very-long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) in human plasma. Association of VLCFA with various cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated. METHOD: Fasting blood samples were collected from 541 human volunteers (242 men and 299 women; mean age ±SD, 58.9 ± 12.4 years), including 429 and 112 individuals with and without hypertriglyceridemia, respectively. Esterified VLCFA were saponified and derivatized with 2-nitrophenylhydrazine. Separation of VLCFA species was achieved with C4 Mightysil column (HPLC) and Ascentis Express Phenyl-Hexyl column (LC-MS) followed by spectrophotometric and selected-reaction monitoring mode of mass spectrometric detection, respectively. RESULTS: The HPLC assay of VLCFA was precise with intra-assay imprecision of 2.5% to 6.9% and inter-assay imprecision of 3.2% to 9.5%. Moreover, there was an excellent correlation (r > 0.96) between HPLC and LC-MS methods. The 95 percentile reference intervals (RI; upper limit) of VLCFA were determined to be 41.3 µmol/L in healthy volunteers. Plasma VLCFA were significantly correlated with triglycerides (Spearman's ρ = 0.306, P < 0.001) and total cholesterol (Spearman's ρ = 0.251, P < 0.001). All species of VLCFA were significantly elevated in hypertriglyceridaemic individuals compared with control. CONCLUSION: We established LC-based assays of VLCFA with either spectrophotometry or mass spectrometry as a detection system. Hypertriglyceridaemia is significantly associated with elevated concentration of each species of VLCFA.

Physical Activity and Risk of Mortality from Heart Failure among Japanese Population.
Takuro Kushima, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Tomomi Kihara, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2021年08月30日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: Reports have shown that physical activity is inversely associated with heart failure risk, but evidence in Asian populations is lacking. We sought to examine the impacts of walking and sports participation on heart failure mortality among a Japanese population. METHODS: We involved 36,223 Japanese men and 50,615 women (aged 40-79 years) who completed a self-administered questionnaire between 1988 and 1990. We divided participants into four categories of walking (＜0.5, 0.5, 0.6-1.0, and ≥ 1 h/day) and sports participation (＜1, 1-2, 3-4, and ≥ 5 h/week) and examined associations with activity and heart failure mortality through 2009. RESULTS: We found inverse associations between physical activity and heart failure mortality. The multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the highest category of walking time compared with the second-lowest category were 0.76 (0.59-0.99) in men and 0.78 (0.61-0.99) in women, while the ratios for the highest category of sports participation time compared with the second-lowest category were 0.62 (0.41-0.93) in men and 1.09 (0.73-1.65) in women. The lower hazard ratios in the highest categories of walking and sports participation time in men became no longer statistically significant after excluding heart failure deaths for the first 5, 10, and 15 years for walking time and 10 and 15 years for sports participation. However, in women, the low hazard ratios for the highest category ≥ 1.0 h/day of walking time did not change materially. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity was associated with a lower risk of mortality from heart failure in this Japanese community-based population. The attenuated and nonsignificant association of walking and sports participation with the risk in men after exclusion of first 5-15 years heart failure death was probably due to changes in physical activity and death certificate diagnosis during the follow-up and reverse causation. However, the persistent inverse association between walking and the risk in women suggests a beneficial preventive effect on heart failure.

細胞診と自己採取ヒトパピローマウイルス検査を選べることの効果：北海道での子宮頸がん検診未受診者対策の成績
Shinobu Taniguchi, Noriaki Sakuragi, Sharon J B Hanley, Kizuna Tsukiyama, Hiromasa Fujita, Satoru Sagae, Naofumi Kajii, Hidemichi Watari, Akiko Tamakoshi
[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health, 68, 11, 719, 727, 2021年08月06日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
日本語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objectives We investigated the participation and detection rates of cervical lesions in cervical screening non-attenders offered HPV (human papillomavirus) self-sampling with cytology triage.Methods From 2016 to 2018, HPV self-sampling was routinely offered as an option, along with cytology, to all non-attenders in Ebetsu City, Japan. The primary endpoints were ≥CIN2 and ≥CIN3 detection rates, and secondary endpoints were abnormal cytology rates and follow-up compliance.Results Overall, recall invitations were mailed to 6,116 non-attenders, with a response rate of 15.9% (cytology: 6.5%, HPV testing: 9.4%). Of the responders to undergo HPV self-sampling, 11.7% had a positive result and were referred to cytology triage. Moreover, ≥CIN2 and ≥CIN3 detection rates were 1.7% and 0.9%, respectively, in the HPV self-sampling group, and 1.0% and 0.8%, respectively, in the cytology group, showing no statistically significant differences. In those who underwent cytology triage following an HPV positive test, ≥CIN2 and ≥CIN3 detection rates were 23.8% and 11.9%, respectively, which was significantly higher than those who only underwent cytology alone.Conclusion HPV self-sampling followed by cytology triage is highly effective at detecting high grade disease in non-attenders. Thus, multi-municipality-based studies to standardize processes involving this method are warranted. Furthermore, HPV self-sampling could be a promising method for inviting non-attenders who have difficulty undergoing cervical screening in the COVID-19 pandemic era.

食物アレルギー児のビタミンD充足状態　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
及川 純子, 齋 秀二, 大谷 杏奈, 南雲 淳, 杉原 暁美, 玉腰 暁子
日本小児科学会雑誌, 125, 8, 1156, 1161, (公社)日本小児科学会, 2021年08月, ［査読有り］
日本語

Association between frequency of snacking and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling young-old adults: An age-specific prospective cohort study.
Tohru Kobayashi, Wenjing Zhao, Shigekazu Ukawa, Kenji Wakai, Kazuyo Tsushita, Takashi Kawamura, Masahiko Ando, Akiko Tamakoshi
Geriatrics & gerontology international, 21, 8, 697, 704, 2021年08月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: We aimed to clarify whether snacking habits decrease the risk of all-cause mortality in an older Japanese population. METHODS: The study participants were 64- or 65-year-old community-dwelling residents recruited each survey year from 1996 through 2005. Data on the frequency of snacking and other lifestyle factors were obtained during the baseline survey using self-administered questionnaires, and the participants were followed up annually until the end of 2017. In total, 2943 participants (1484 men and 1459 women) were eligible. All-cause mortality was compared among participants grouped by frequency of snacking (no snacking, one to four times/week, or every day). RESULTS: The number of deaths recorded over the study period of 43 204 person-years was 357 (24.1%) for men and 173 (11.9%) for women. The mean ± standard deviations for the follow-up period were 14.2 ± 4.9 years in men and 15.2 ± 4.5 years in women. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses showed that after adjusting for potential confounding factors, the hazard ratios for women were 0.64 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.94) in the group that had a habit of snacking one to four times/week, and 0.93 (95% CI 0.63-1.36) in the group that had a habit of snacking every day compared with those in the no snacking group. These associations were not observed among men. CONCLUSIONS: A moderate frequency of snacking slightly decreases the risk of all-cause mortality among women. Our findings might be useful for improving the nutrition statuses in older female adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 697-704.

The apparent inverse association between dietary carotene intake and risk of cardiovascular mortality disappeared after adjustment for other cardioprotective dietary intakes: The Japan collaborative cohort study.
Qi Gao, Ehab S Eshak, Isao Muraki, Kokoro Shirai, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 31, 11, 3064, 3075, 2021年07月30日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An effect of dietary carotenes on risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is uncertain. We aimed to investigate whether the association between dietary carotenes intake and risk of CVD mortality will persist after controlling for the intakes of potential cardioprotective dietary factors that correlate with dietary alpha- and/or beta-carotenes. METHODS AND RESULTS: We followed up a total of 58,646 Japanese between 1988 and 1990 and 2009. We used a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to determine the dietary intakes of carotenes, and estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CVD mortality in relation to carotene intake by the proportional hazard regression developed by David Cox. During 965,970 person-years of follow-up (median 19.3 years), we identified 3388 total CVD deaths. After adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors, dietary intakes of alpha-carotene were significantly associated with the reduced risk of mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD); adjusted HR (95% CI) in the highest versus lowest quintiles of intake was 0.75 (0.58-0.96; P-trend = 0.02) and dietary intakes of beta-carotene were significantly associated with the reduced risk of mortality from CVD, CHD, and other CVD; adjusted HRs (95% CIs) were 0.88 (0.79-0.98; P-trend = 0.04), 0.78 (0.61-0.99; P-trend = 0.01), and 0.81 (0.67-0.98; P-trend = 0.04), respectively. However, after further adjusting for the dietary intakes of potassium, calcium, vitamins C, E, or K, these associations disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: -Dietary alpha- and beta-carotene intakes were not associated with risk of CVD mortality after controlling for intakes of other potential cardioprotective nutrients.

Lower human defensin 5 in elderly people compared to middle-aged is associated with differences in the intestinal microbiota composition: the DOSANCO Health Study.
Yu Shimizu, Kiminori Nakamura, Mani Kikuchi, Shigekazu Ukawa, Koshi Nakamura, Emiko Okada, Akihiro Imae, Takafumi Nakagawa, Ryodai Yamamura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Tokiyoshi Ayabe
GeroScience, 44, 2, 997, 1009, 2021年06月08日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Recently, aging is considered a risk factor for various diseases. Although changes in the intestinal microbiota along with aging are thought to associate with the increased disease risk, mechanisms that cause age-related transition of the intestinal microbiota remain unknown. This study aims to clarify relationships between the amount of human defensin 5 (HD5), a Paneth cell α-defensin, which is known to regulate the intestinal microbiota, and age-related differences of the intestinal microbiota composition. Fecal samples from 196 healthy Japanese (35 to 81 years old) were collected and measured HD5 concentration. HD5 concentration in the elderly group (age > 70 years old) was significantly lower than the middle-aged group (age ≤ 70 years old). Furthermore, individual age was negatively correlated with HD5 concentration (r =  - 0.307, p < 0.001). In β-diversity, the intestinal microbiota of the elderly showed a significantly different composition compared to the middle-aged. At the genus level, relative abundance of Collinsella, Alistipes, Peptococcaceae; unassigned, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Weissella, Christensenellaceae R-7 group, Megasphaera, and [Eubacterium] eligens group was significantly higher, and Lachnospiraceae; unassigned, Blautia, Anaerostipes, Fusicatenibacter, Dorea, and Faecalibacterium was significantly lower in the elderly compared to the middle-aged. In addition, HD5 concentration was negatively correlated with Alistipes, Peptococcaceae; unassigned, and Christensenellaceae R-7 group and positively correlated with Lachnospiraceae; unassigned and Dorea. These results provide novel insights into the immunosenescence of enteric innate immunity, indicating low HD5 is suggested to contribute to the age-related differences in the intestinal microbiota and may relate to increased risk of diseases in elderly people.

Fecal short-chain fatty acids and obesity in a community-based Japanese population: The DOSANCO Health Study
Ryodai Yamamura, Koshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Takafumi Nakagawa, Akihiro Imae, Tadao Kunihiro, Takashi Kimura, Takumi Hirata, Akiko Tamakoshi
Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, Elsevier BV, 2021年06月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk in Japan: A pooled analysis of eight population-based cohort studies.
Madoka Iwase, Keitaro Matsuo, Yuriko N Y Koyanagi, Hidemi Ito, Akiko Tamakoshi, Chaochen Wang, Mai Utada, Kotaro Ozasa, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Norie Sawada, Shiori Tanaka, Chisato Nagata, Yuri Kitamura, Taichi Shimazu, Tetsuya Mizoue, Mariko Naito, Keitaro Tanaka, Manami Inoue
International journal of cancer, 148, 11, 2736, 2747, 2021年06月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Although alcohol consumption is reported to increase the incidence of breast cancer in European studies, evidence for an association between alcohol and breast cancer in Asian populations is insufficient. We conducted a pooled analysis of eight large-scale population-based prospective cohort studies in Japan to evaluate the association between alcohol (both frequency and amount) and breast cancer risk with categorization by menopausal status at baseline and at diagnosis. Estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated in the individual cohorts and combined using random-effects models. Among 158 164 subjects with 2 369 252 person-years of follow-up, 2208 breast cancer cases were newly diagnosed. Alcohol consumption had a significant association with a higher risk of breast cancer in both women who were premenopausal at baseline (regular drinker compared to nondrinker: HR 1.37, 1.04-1.81, ≥23 g/d compared to 0 g/d: HR 1.74, 1.25-2.43, P for trend per frequency category: P = .017) and those who were premenopausal at diagnosis (≥23 g/d compared to 0 g/d: HR 1.89, 1.04-3.43, P for trend per frequency category: P = .032). In contrast, no significant association was seen in women who were postmenopausal at baseline or at diagnosis, despite a substantial number of subjects and long follow-up period. Our results revealed that frequent and high alcohol consumption are both risk factors for Asian premenopausal breast cancer, similarly to previous studies in Western countries. The lack of a clear association in postmenopausal women in our study warrants larger investigation in Asia.

Prediction of 11-year incidence of psychophysically dependent status or death among community-dwelling younger elderlies: from an age-specified community-based cohort study (the NISSIN project).
Satoe Okabayashi, Takashi Kawamura, Hisashi Noma, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Kazuyo Tsushita, Hideki Ohira, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
Environmental health and preventive medicine, 26, 1, 45, 45, 2021年04月10日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Predicting adverse health events and implementing preventative measures are a necessary challenge. It is important for healthcare planners and policymakers to allocate the limited resource to high-risk persons. Prediction is also important for older individuals, their family members, and clinicians to prepare mentally and financially. The aim of this study is to develop a prediction model for within 11-year dependent status requiring long-term nursing care or death in older adults for each sex. METHODS: We carried out age-specified cohort study of community dwellers in Nisshin City, Japan. The older adults aged 64 years who underwent medical check-up between 1996 and 2000 were included in the study. The primary outcome was the incidence of the psychophysically dependent status or death or by the end of the year of age 75 years. Univariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between candidate predictors and the outcome. Using the variables with p-values less than 0.1, multivariable logistic regression analyses were then performed with backward stepwise elimination to determine the final predictors for the model. RESULTS: Of the 1525 female participants at baseline, 105 had an incidence of the study outcome. The final prediction model consisted of 15 variables, and the c-statistics for predicting the outcome was 0.763 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.714-0.813). Of the 1548 male participants at baseline, 211 had incidence of the study outcome. The final prediction model consisted of 16 variables, and the c-statistics for predicting the outcome was 0.735 (95% CI 0.699-0.771). CONCLUSIONS: We developed a prediction model for older adults to forecast 11-year incidence of dependent status requiring nursing care or death in each sex. The predictability was fair, but we could not evaluate the external validity of this model. It could be of some help for healthcare planners, policy makers, clinicians, older individuals, and their family members to weigh the priority of support.

Body Mass Index and Mortality From Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection.
Midori Takada, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 28, 4, 338, 348, 2021年04月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS: Reports on an association between body mass index and aortic disease, which remains controversial. This study investigated the association between body mass index and mortality from aortic disease. METHODS: We conducted the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, a prospective study of 103,972 Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years. Body mass index was calculated on the basis of self-reported height and weight, and the participants were followed up from 1988-89 through 2009. Sex-specific hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of mortality from aortic disease according to quintiles of body mass index were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: During the median 18.8 years of follow-up, we documented 139 deaths due to aortic aneurysm (including 51 thoracic and 74 abdominal aortic aneurysms) and 134 deaths due to aortic dissection. We observed positive associations of body mass index with mortality from aortic aneurysm among men: the multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for highest versus lowest quintiles of body mass index were 4.48 (2.10-9.58), P for trend ＜0.0001 for aortic aneurysm; 6.52 (1.33-32.02), P=0.005 for thoracic aortic aneurysm; 3.81 (1.39-10.49), P=0.01 for abdominal aortic aneurysm; and 2.71 (1.59-4.62), P=0.001 for total aortic disease. No association was found for aortic dissection. Among ever-smokers (men ≥ 90%) but not never-smokers (women ≥ 84%), an association between body mass index and aortic disease mortality was observed regardless of sex, which may explain the sex difference (P for sex-interaction=0.046). CONCLUSIONS: We found a positive association between body mass index and mortality from aortic aneurysm among Japanese men and smokers.

Television Viewing Time and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer Mortality among Japanese Population: The JACC Study.
Yuting Li, Ehab S Eshak, Renzhe Cui, Kokoro Shirai, Keyang Liu, Hiroyasu Iso, Satoyo Ikehara, Akiko Tamakoshi, Shigekazu Ukawa
Cancer research and treatment, 53, 2, 497, 505, 2021年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: Sedentary behavior attributes to the increased risk of some cancers and all-cause mortality. The evidence is limited for the association between television (TV) viewing time, a major sedentary behavior, and risk of colorectal cancer death. We aimed to examine this association in Japanese population. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study encompassed of 90,834 men and women aged 40-79 years with no prior history of colorectal cancer who completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire, and provided their TV viewing information. The participants were followed-up from 1988-1990 to the end of 2009. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by the Cox proportional hazard regression for risk of colorectal cancer mortality according to TV viewing time. RESULTS: During the median 19.1-year follow-up period, we documented 749 (385 men and 364 women) colorectal cancer deaths. The multivariable-adjusted HRs for mortality from colorectal cancer were 1.11 (0.88-1.41) for 1.5 to < 3 hr/day, 1.14 (0.91-1.42) for 3 to < 4.5 hr/day and 1.33 (1.02-1.73) for ≥ 4.5 hr/day in comparison to < 1.5 hr/day TV watching; p-trend=0.038, and that for 1-hour increment in TV viewing time was 1.06 (1.01-1.11). Moreover, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95%CI) of colon cancer for 1-hour increment in TV viewing time was 1.07 (1.02-1.13). Age, body mass index, and level of leisure-physical activity did not show significant effect modifications on the observed associations. CONCLUSION: TV viewing time is associated with the increased risk of colorectal cancer mortality among Japanese population, more specifically colon rather than rectal cancer.

Risk factors of vaginal cuff infection in women undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign gynecological diseases.
Yoko Tsuzuki, Takumi Hirata, Shinya Tsuzuki, Shinichiro Wada, Akiko Tamakoshi
The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research, 47, 4, 1502, 1509, 2021年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: This study aimed to identify the risk factors for vaginal cuff infection after laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign gynecological diseases. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among 1559 Japanese women who underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) for benign indications between 2014 and 2018 at Teine Keijinkai Hospital in Sapporo, Japan. All patients received preoperative antibiotics based on appropriate timing, choice, and weight-based dosing. We assessed the risk factors of vaginal cuff infection after TLH, including demographic and clinical variables, and patient- and surgery-related factors, using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Among all the patients who underwent TLH, 71 cases of vaginal cuff infections (4.6%) were recorded. Univariate analyses showed that current smoking, pathological result of adenomyosis, use of Seprafilm as an antiadhesive material, white blood cell counts on postoperative day (POD) 2, C-reactive protein (CRP) level on POD2 and postoperative vaginal cuff hematoma were significantly associated with an increased risk of vaginal cuff infection. In multivariate analysis, current smoking, use of seprafilm, CRP level on POD2 and vaginal cuff hematoma were significantly associated with an increased risk of vaginal cuff infection. CONCLUSION: Current smoking, use of seprafilm, CRP level on POD2 and vaginal cuff hematoma were identified as significant risk factors of vaginal cuff infection in the 30 days after surgery in Japanese women who underwent TLH for benign indications.

Circulating miR-21, miR-29a, and miR-126 are associated with premature death risk due to cancer and cardiovascular disease: the JACC Study.
Hiroya Yamada, Koji Suzuki, Ryosuke Fujii, Miyuki Kawado, Shuji Hashimoto, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Hiroyasu Iso, Yoshihisa Fujino, Kenji Wakai, Akiko Tamakoshi
Scientific reports, 11, 1, 5298, 5298, 2021年03月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Primary prevention of premature death is a public health concern worldwide. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as potential diagnostic biomarkers for diseases as cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This case-cohort study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between circulating miRNAs and the risk of premature death. A total of 39,242 subjects provided baseline serum samples in 1988-1990. Of these, 345 subjects who died of intrinsic disease (< 65 years old) and for which measurable samples were available were included in this study. We randomly selected a sub-cohort of 879 subjects. Circulatring miR-21, miR-29a, and miR-126 were determined using qRT-PCR. Conditional logistic regression models were used to analyse the data with respect to stratified miRNA levels. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that subjects with high circulating miR-21 and miR-29a individual levels had a significantly higher risk of total death, cancer death, and CVD death than those with medium miR-21 and miR-29a individual levels. Conversely, subjects with low circulating miR-126 levels had a significantly higher risk of total death than those with medium levels. This suggests that circulating miRNAs are associated with the risk of premature death from cancer and CVD, identifying them as potential biomarkers for early detection of high-risk individuals.

北海道在住高齢者の近隣環境の認識と冬季における歩数　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
田中 綾, 鵜川 重和, 佐々木 幸子, 吉村 彩, 天笠 志保, 井上 茂, 木村 尚史, 近藤 克則, 玉腰 暁子
北海道公衆衛生学雑誌, 34, 2, 101, 108, 北海道公衆衛生学会, 2021年03月, ［査読有り］
日本語, 目的 積雪寒冷地域である北海道6町に在住する高齢者の近隣環境の認識と冬季における1日平均歩数の目標達成との関連を明らかにする。対象と方法 要介護認定を受けていない69〜78歳、569人を対象に、環境に関する自記式質問紙調査と、3軸加速度活動量計による活動量調査を行い、データの得られた457人を解析対象者とした。1日の平均歩数を厚生労働省の示す目標値によって、目標達成群(男性7,000歩以上、女性6,000歩以上)と目標未達成群に分類し分析を行った。結果 目標達成群には男性の13.1%、女性の17.2%が分類された。運動や散歩に適した公園や歩道があることはないことに比べ冬季の歩数の性別、年齢で調整した目標達成割合比は1.86(95% CI:0.92-3.74)、生鮮食料品が手に入る商店・施設・移動販売が身近にあることは、ないことに比べ0.90(95% CI:0.57-1.45)だった。考察 積雪寒冷地域であっても運動や散歩に適した公園や歩道があることで、冬季においても歩数を維持できる可能性が示唆された。(著者抄録)

Green Tea and Coffee Consumption and All-Cause Mortality Among Persons With and Without Stroke or Myocardial Infarction.
Masayuki Teramoto, Isao Muraki, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Stroke, 52, 3, 957, 965, 2021年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The effect of green tea and coffee consumption on mortality among cardiovascular diseases survivors is unknown. We examined the association between green tea and coffee consumption and mortality among persons with and without stroke or myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, 46 213 participants (478 stroke survivors, 1214 MI survivors, and 44 521 persons without a history of stroke or MI), aged 40 to 79 years at baseline (1988-1990), completed a lifestyle, diet, and medical history questionnaire and were followed up regarding mortality until 2009. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the multivariable hazard ratios with 95% CIs of all-cause mortality after adjusting for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: During the 18.5-year median follow-up period, 9253 cases were documented. Green tea consumption was inversely associated with all-cause mortality among stroke or MI survivors; the multivariable hazard ratios (95% CIs) for stroke survivors were 0.73 (0.42-1.27) for 1 to 6 cups/wk, 0.65 (0.36-1.15) for 1 to 2 cups/d, 0.56 (0.34-0.92) for 3 to 4 cups/d, 0.52 (0.31-0.86) for 5 to 6 cups/d, and 0.38 (0.20-0.71) for ≥7 cups/d, compared with nondrinkers. A similar inverse association was observed for MI survivors, but not evident for those without a history of stroke or MI. Coffee consumption was inversely associated with all-cause mortality in persons without a history of stroke or MI; the multivariable hazard ratios (95% CIs) were 0.86 (0.82-0.91) for 1 to 6 cups/wk, 0.86 (0.80-0.92) for 1 cup/d, and 0.82 (0.77-0.89) for ≥2 cups/d, compared with nondrinkers. The corresponding hazard ratios (95% CIs) for MI survivors were 0.69 (0.53-0.91), 0.78 (0.55-1.10), and 0.61 (0.41-0.90). No such association was observed for stroke survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Green tea consumption can be beneficial in improving the prognosis for stroke or MI survivors, whereas coffee consumption can also be so for persons without a history of stroke or MI as well as MI survivors.

Impact of reproductive factors on breast cancer incidence: Pooled analysis of nine cohort studies in Japan.
Taro Takeuchi, Yuri Kitamura, Tomotaka Sobue, Mai Utada, Kotaro Ozasa, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Miyuki Hori, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Yuriko N Koyanagi, Hidemi Ito, Chaochen Wang, Akiko Tamakoshi, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Taichi Shimazu, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Matsuo, Mariko Naito, Keitaro Tanaka, Manami Inoue
Cancer medicine, 10, 6, 2153, 2163, 2021年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Prior studies reported the association of reproductive factors with breast cancer (BC), but the evidence is inconsistent. We conducted a pooled analysis of nine cohort studies in Japan to evaluate the impact of six reproductive factors (age at menarche/age at first birth/number of births/age at menopause/use of female hormones/breastfeeding) on BC incidence. We conducted analyses according to menopausal status at the baseline or at the diagnosis. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated by applying Cox proportional-hazards model in each study. These hazard ratios were integrated using a random-effects model. Among 187,999 women (premenopausal: 61,113, postmenopausal: 126,886), we observed 873 premenopausal and 1,456 postmenopausal cases. Among premenopausal women, use of female hormones significantly increased BC incidence (HR: 1.53 [1.04-2.25]). Although P value for trend was not significant for age at first birth and number of births (P for trend: 0.15 and 0.30, respectively), women giving first birth at ages ≥36 experienced significantly higher BC incidence than at ages 21-25 years, and women who had ≥2 births experienced significantly lower BC incidence than nulliparous women. Among postmenopausal women, more births significantly decreased BC incidence (P for trend: 0.03). Although P value for trend was not significant for age at first birth and age at menopause (P for trend: 0.30 and 0.37, respectively), women giving first birth at ages 26-35 years experienced significantly higher BC incidence than at ages 21-25 years, and women with age at menopause: ≥50 years experienced significantly higher BC incidence than age at menopause: ≤44 years. BC incidence was similar according to age at menarche or breastfeeding history among both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. In conclusion, among Japanese women, use of female hormones increased BC incidence in premenopausal women, and more births decreased BC incidence in postmenopausal women.

Multiple system atrophy in Hokkaido, Japan: a prospective registry study of natural history and symptom assessment scales followed for 5 years.
Masaaki Matsushima, Ichiro Yabe, Ken Sakushima, Yasuhiro Kanatani, Naoki Nishimoto, Takeshi Matsuoka, Jun Sawada, Haruo Uesugi, Kazuya Sako, Asako Takei, Akiko Tamakoshi, Shun Shimohama, Norihiro Sato, Seiji Kikuchi, Hidenao Sasaki
BMJ open, 11, 2, e045100, 2021年02月08日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVES: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a refractory neurodegenerative disease, but novel treatments are anticipated. An accurate natural history of MSA is important for clinical trials, but is insufficient. This regional registry was launched to complement clinical information on MSA. SETTING: Patient recruitment started in November 2014 and is ongoing at the time of submission. The number of participating facilities was 66. Postal surveys were sent to medical facilities and patients with MSA in Hokkaido, Japan. PARTICIPANTS: After obtaining written consent from 196 participants, 184 overview surveys and 115 detailed surveys were conducted. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: An overview survey evaluated conformity to diagnostic criteria and a detailed survey implemented an annual assessment based on the Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale (UMSARS). RESULTS: At the time of registration, 58.2% of patients were diagnosed with cerebellar symptoms predominant type MSA (MSA-C) and 29.9% were diagnosed with parkinsonism predominant type MSA (MSA-P). UMSARS Part Ⅳ score of 4 or 5 accounted for 53.8% of participants. The higher the UMSARS Part Ⅳ score, the higher the proportion of MSA-P. At baseline, levodopa was used by 69 patients (37.5%) and the average levodopa dose was 406.7 mg/day. The frequency of levodopa use increased over time. Eleven cases changed from MSA-C to MSA-P during the study, but the opposite was not observed. Information about survival and causes of death was collected on 54 cases. Half of deaths were respiratory-related. Sudden death was recorded even in the group with UMSARS Part Ⅳ score of 1. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first large-scale prospective MSA cohort study in Asia. MSA-C was dominant, but the use of antiparkinsonian drugs increased over the study period. Changes from MSA-C to MSA-P occurred, but not vice versa.

Food group intakes and all-cause mortality among a young older Japanese population of the same age: the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project.
Tae Sasakabe, Kenji Wakai, Shigekazu Ukawa, Masahiko Ando, Takashi Kawamura, Satoe Okabayashi, Kazuyo Tsushita, Hideki Ohira, Akiko Tamakoshi
Nagoya journal of medical science, 83, 1, 169, 182, 2021年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Evaluating the effects of dietary intake on mortality in older populations has become increasingly important in modern aging societies. The objective of the present study was to investigate the associations between food group intakes and all-cause mortality among a young older population. We conducted a prospective study on 1,324 men and 1,338 women aged 64-65 years at baseline who were living in a suburban city from 1996 to 2005. The participants were followed for all-cause mortality from 1996 through 2015 to assess the effects of 17 food group intakes (g) per 1,000 kcal after multivariable adjustments in proportional hazard models. During follow-up (mean: 13.2 years), 339 deaths were registered. In women, total mortality was significantly and inversely associated with the consumption of milk and dairy products and vegetables. The hazard ratios across intake quartiles after multivariable adjustment were 1, 0.70 (95% confidence interval: 0.42-1.17), 0.66 (0.40-1.10), and 0.40 (0.22-0.75) (P for trend = 0.003) for milk and dairy products, and 1, 0.77 (0.46-1.28), 0.83 (0.50-1.38), and 0.42 (0.23-0.78) (P for trend = 0.008) for vegetables. In men, a positive association was found between total mortality and sugar and sweetener consumption (P for trend = 0.038). Higher consumption of milk and dairy products and vegetables was suggested to reduce all-cause mortality in young older women.

Smoking and colorectal cancer: A pooled analysis of 10 population-based cohort studies in Japan.
Shamima Akter, Zobida Islam, Tetsuya Mizoue, Norie Sawada, Hikaru Ihira, Shoichiro Tsugane, Yuriko N Koyanagi, Hidemi Ito, Chaochen Wang, Akiko Tamakoshi, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Kenta Tanaka, Yuri Kitamura, Mai Utada, Kotaro Ozasa, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Taichi Shimazu, Keitaro Matsuo, Mariko Naito, Keitaro Tanaka, Manami Inoue
International journal of cancer, 148, 3, 654, 664, 2021年02月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Smoking has been consistently associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Western populations; however, evidence is limited and inconsistent in Asian people. To assess the association of smoking status, smoking intensity and smoking cessation with colorectal risk in the Japanese population, we performed a pooled analysis of 10 population-based cohort studies. Study-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox's proportional hazards model and then pooled using a random-effects model. Among 363 409 participants followed up for 2 666 004 person-years, 9232 incident CRCs were identified. In men, compared with never smokers, ever smokers showed higher risk of CRC. The HRs (95% CI) were 1.19 (1.10-1.29) for CRC, 1.19 (1.09-1.30) for colon cancer, 1.28 (1.13-1.46) for distal colon cancer and 1.21 (1.07-1.36) for rectal cancer. Smoking was associated with risk of CRC in a dose-response manner. In women, compared with never smokers, ever smokers showed increased risk of distal colon cancer (1.47 [1.19-1.82]). There was no evidence of a significant gender difference in the association of smoking and CRC risk. Our results confirm that smoking is associated with an increased risk of CRC, both overall and subsites, in Japanese men and distal colon cancer in Japanese women.

Association between accelerometer-measured physical activity and falls among community-dwelling older people living in cold, snowy areas.
Reiji Kojima, Shigekazu Ukawa, Hiroshi Yokomichi, Aya Tanaka, Takashi Kimura, Shiho Amagasa, Shigeru Inoue, Katsunori Kondo, Akiko Tamakoshi
European geriatric medicine, 12, 1, 91, 98, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between falls, including falls on frozen roads, and physical activity among older people living in cold, snowy regions in Japan. METHODS: Participants were subjects of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study 2016 who had agreed to the Hokkaido additional visit survey in winter 2017/18 and lived in cold, snowy regions in Japan. The analysis included 461 participants (mean age 74.7 years; standard deviation 2.8 years; 46.5% male). Sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity (min/day of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity [MVPA] and light intensity physical activity, and walking steps/day) measured by accelerometer, cognitive function, depression, visual impairment, and history of stroke were surveyed. Poisson regression analyses were performed to clarify the association between prevalence of falls and physical activity. RESULTS: Of those who reported a fall with location, 86 (69.9%) fell on frozen roads, 24 (19.5%) fell on unfrozen roads and 13 (10.6%) fell indoors. There were significant positive associations between MVPA (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] Tertile [T] 3 vs T1, 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-2.87) and all falls. When limited to falls on frozen roads, higher MVPA levels and walking steps were associated with falls on frozen roads (MVPA, aPR T3 vs T1, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.19-3.94; walking steps, aPR T3 vs T1, 2.49; 95%CI 1.33-4.68). CONCLUSION: The risk of falls, especially on frozen roads, increased among active older people living in cold, snowy regions, and environmental factors should be considered when determining prevention strategies.

Low BMI and weight loss aggravate COPD mortality in men, findings from a large prospective cohort: the JACC study.
Hiroo Wada, Ai Ikeda, Koutatsu Maruyama, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Peter J Barnes, Takeshi Tanigawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Scientific reports, 11, 1, 1531, 1531, 2021年01月15日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, To clarify how low BMI and weight loss were associated with risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality, in a large prospective cohort of the general population across Japan, the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, conducted between 1988 and 2009. A total of 45,837 male residents were observed for a median period of 19.1 years. Self-administered questionnaires, collecting information on BMI, weight loss since the age of 20, lifestyles, history of diseases, as well as records of COPD mortality, were analysed at 2019. During follow-up, 268 participants died from COPD. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of COPD mortality associated with a 1-SD increment of body mass index (BMI) was 0.48 (0.41-0.57), while for weight change from age of 20 (+ 2.0 kg) it was 0.63 (0.59-0.68). These associations were persistently observed after stratifications with smoking status, excluding those having airway symptoms in the baseline survey, and excluding early COPD deaths within 5, 10 and 15 years. Our study suggests that BMI and weight change since the age of 20 could be markers for COPD prognosis, indicated by risk of COPD mortality.

Association between Protein Intake and Skeletal Muscle Mass among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese: Results from the DOSANCO Health Study: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Akinori Yaegashi, Takashi Kimura, Takumi Hirata, Shigekazu Ukawa, Koshi Nakamura, Emiko Okada, Takafumi Nakagawa, Akihiro Imae, Akiko Tamakoshi
Nutrients, 13, 1, 2021年01月09日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Whether the source of dietary protein intake is related to appendicular skeletal muscle mass (AMM) and muscle mass (MM) remains unclear. We conducted this cross-sectional study of 277 residents (115 men, 162 women) aged ≥65 years in Japan to examine the association of the amount of dietary protein intake with AMM and MM. We measured dietary protein intake using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. AMM and MM were assessed based on bioelectrical impedance. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to estimate β coefficients that were adjusted for potential confounders. Among Japanese women aged ≥75 years, but not among women aged 65-74 years, dietary animal protein intake was significantly associated with AMM (β (95% confidence interval (CI)): 0.25 (0.10, 0.40)) and MM (β (95% CI): 0.40 (0.16, 0.64)). However, dietary vegetable protein intake was not associated with AMM (β (95% CI): -0.17 (-0.74, 0.41)) and MM (β (95% CI): -0.30 (-1.23, 0.63)). Furthermore, in men aged ≥65 years, dietary protein intake was not associated with AMM or MM. In conclusion, dietary animal protein intake, but not vegetable protein intake, were positively associated with AMM and MM among this population of Japanese women aged ≥75 years.

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Gastric Cancer: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Yuting Li, Ehab S Eshak, Kokoro Shirai, Keyang Liu, J Y Dong, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 31, 1, 30, 36, 2021年01月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption is a potential risk factor for gastric cancer. However, findings from cohort studies that examined the relationship between alcohol consumption and gastric cancer risk among Japanese population are not conclusive. METHODS: A total of 54,682 Japanese men and women participating in the Japan Collaborative Cohort study completed a questionnaire including alcohol consumption information. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: After a median 13.4-year follow-up, we documented 801 men and 466 women incident cases of gastric cancer. Alcohol consumption was associated with increased risk of gastric cancer among men (HRs in ex-drinkers and current alcohol consumption of <23g, 23-<46g, 46-<69g and ≥69g/d categories versus never drinkers were 1.82; 95% CI, 1.38-2.42, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.10-1.80, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.17-1.85, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.48-2.38 and 1.85; 95% CI, 1.35-2.53, respectively, and that for 10g increment of alcohol consumption after excluding ex-drinkers was 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.10). The association in men were observed for cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer (HRs in the highest alcohol consumption category versus never drinkers were 9.96; 95% CI, 2.22-44.67 for cardia cancer, and 2.40; 95% CI, 1.64-3.52 for non-cardia cancer). However, no such trend was observed in women. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer among Japanese men, regardless of anatomical subsite of the cancer.

Impact of Body Mass Index on Obesity-Related Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality; The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Masaaki Matsunaga, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Hiroyasu Iso, Yuanying Li, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Naohito Tanabe, Yasuhiko Wada, Atsuhiko Ota, Koji Tamakoshi, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, Japan Atherosclerosis Society, 2021年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Manganese intake from foods and beverages is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes.
Ehab S Eshak, Isao Muraki, Hironori Imano, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Maturitas, 143, 127, 131, 2021年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Despite the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of manganese, only one recent Chinese study has investigated the association between dietary manganese intake and type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We recruited 19,862 Japanese men and women in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. The participants completed a food frequency questionnaire at the baseline survey (1988 = 1990) and a diabetes history at both baseline and 5-year surveys. We calculated the odds ratios (95 % CIs) of the 5-year cumulative incidence of self-reported physician-diagnosed type 2 diabetes according to quartiles of dietary manganese intake. RESULTS: Within the 5-year period, we confirmed 530 new cases of type 2 diabetes (263 in men and 267 in women) with a 5-year cumulative incidence of 2.7 % (3.6 % in men and 2.1 % in women). Higher manganese intake was inversely associated with the women's but not the men's cumulative risk of type 2 diabetes over the 5-year period. In a full model adjusted for the participants' characteristics, diabetes risk factors and a wide range of dietary variables, the multivariable odds ratios (95 %CIs) of type 2 diabetes across the increasing quartiles of manganese intake (Q1 to Q4) were 1.00, 0.97 (0.65, 1.43), 1.04 (0.67, 1.61) and 1.10 (0.64, 1.92), p-trend = 0.66 among men and 1.00, 0.74 (0.51, 1.06), 0.62 (0.41, 0.94) and 0.53 (0.31, 0.88), p-trend = 0.01 among women. The association was observed mainly for those with low iron intake in women, particularly premenopausal women. CONCLUSION: Strong inverse associations between dietary manganese intake and risk of type 2 diabetes were observed in women but not men.

Effective vaccine allocation strategies, balancing economy with infection control against COVID-19 in Japan.
Satoshi Sunohara, Toshiaki Asakura, Takashi Kimura, Shun Ozawa, Satoshi Oshima, Daigo Yamauchi, Akiko Tamakoshi
PloS one, 16, 9, e0257107, 2021年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Due to COVID-19, many countries including Japan have implemented a suspension of economic activities for infection control. It has contributed to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 but caused severe economic losses. Today, several promising vaccines have been developed and are already being distributed in some countries. Therefore, we evaluated various vaccine and intensive countermeasure strategies with constraint of economic loss using SEIR model to obtain knowledge of how to balance economy with infection control in Japan. Our main results were that the vaccination strategy that prioritized younger generation was better in terms of deaths when a linear relationship between lockdown intensity and acceptable economic loss was assumed. On the other hand, when a non-linearity relationship was introduced, implying that the strong lockdown with small economic loss was possible, the old first strategies were best in the settings of small basic reproduction number. These results indicated a high potential of remote work when prioritizing vaccination for the old generation. When focusing on only the old first strategies as the Japanese government has decided to do, the strategy vaccinating the young next to the old was superior to the others when a non-linear relationship was assumed due to sufficient reduction of contact with small economic loss.

Inverse correlation between serum high-molecular-weight adiponectin and proinsulin level in a Japanese population: The Dynamics of Lifestyle and Neighborhood Community on Health Study.
Akinobu Nakamura, Hideaki Miyoshi, Shigekazu Ukawa, Koshi Nakamura, Takafumi Nakagawa, Yasuo Terauchi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Tatsuya Atsumi
Journal of diabetes investigation, 12, 1, 63, 66, 2021年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Serum high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMWA) has a positive correlation with insulin secretion in a Japanese population. To validate this correlation, we investigated the correlation between serum HMWA and proinsulin, a marker of beta-cell dysfunction, in this population. 488 participants (53.9% females) aged 35 to 79 years without having oral hypoglycemic agents and/or insulin were enrolled. HMWA was significantly and inversely correlated with proinsulin adjusted for age and sex (partial regression coefficient: β= -0.37; 95% confidence interval: -0.46 to -0.28). When the participants were divided into two groups by median values of body mass index (23.2 kg/m2 ), serum insulin (4.3 µU/mL), or homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (1.0), similar inverse correlations were observed adjusted for age and sex in both groups. Our results demonstrated that the HMWA level was inversely correlated with the proinsulin level in a general Japanese population.

Weight Change and Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Chika Okada, Yasuhiko Kubota, Ehab S Eshak, Renzhe Cui, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 28, 1, 25, 33, 2021年01月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the association between weight change and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in a Japanese population. METHODS: We used the data of a population-based prospective cohort study that was conducted from 1988 to 1990 in 45 areas throughout Japan. Among a total of 69,681 men and women aged 40-79 with no history of CVD or cancer at baseline, the association between weight change from 20 years of age to baseline and CVD-related mortality was evaluated. RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 19.1 years, we observed 4,274 deaths from total CVD. After adjusting for age, sex, and other potential confounding factors, compared with participants with a weight change of ＜2.5 kg (stable weight), participants with a greater weight change (either loss or gain) had an increased risk of mortality from total CVD (U-shaped association). The hazard ratios for the total CVD risk in participants with a weight loss and a weight gain of ≥ 12.5 kg were 1.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-1.72) and 1.21 (95% CI, 1.07-1.36), respectively. The associations between weight change and risk of mortality from ischemic heart disease or stroke showed similar trends. The risk of intracerebral hemorrhage was associated with weight loss only. Weight change was not associated with mortality from subarachnoid hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS: Weight loss or gain could be a risk factor for mortality from total or ischemic CVD, while weight loss could be a risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage.

Depressive Tendency and the Risk of Death from Pneumonia: The JACC Study.
Naohito Tanabe, Nao Seki, Chika Horikawa, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Hiroyasu Iso, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 59, 24, 3123, 3130, 2020年12月15日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective The burden of death from pneumonia is expected to increase with the aging of the population, as has been observed in Japan. Depressive tendency, a common psychosocial sign, may be a risk factor for pneumonia due to its possible association with some immune dysfunction. This study aimed to clarify the association between depressive tendency and the risk of death from pneumonia. Methods A population-based cohort that consisted of 75,174 Japanese men and women was followed for a median of 19.1 years. Four psychological and behavioral symptoms (depressive symptoms) were used to evaluate depressive tendency. Results A total of 1,329 deaths from pneumonia were observed. Depressive symptoms were positively and dose-dependently associated with the risk of death from pneumonia (p<0.001 for trend), and subjects with ≥2 depressive symptoms showed a significantly elevated risk compared to those without any symptoms [multivariable hazard ratio (HR), 1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.39-1.99]. This association was not significantly affected by sex or age at baseline. The elevated risk was still significant even when subjects were limited to those without any medical histories. The excess risk was observed not only for death occurring within the first 10 years of follow-up (multivariable HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.51-2.78) but also for that occurring in the longer follow-up period (multivariable HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.18-1.85). Conclusion Depressive tendency may be a risk factor for death from pneumonia. Further studies using a more reliable tool for the evaluation of depressive state are necessary to confirm this relationship.

Impact of hypertension stratified by diabetes on the lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in Japan: a pooled analysis of data from the Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in Japan study.
Yukiko Imai, Takumi Hirata, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Yoshitaka Murakami, Hiroyasu Iso, Sachiko Tanaka, Katsuyuki Miura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Michiko Yamada, Masahiko Kiyama, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Shizukiyo Ishikawa, Tomonori Okamura
Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 43, 12, 1437, 1444, 2020年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Lifetime risk is an informative estimate to motivate people to change lifestyle behaviors, especially from a younger age, in public health education. The impact of the combination of hypertension and diabetes on the lifetime risk of cardiovascular mortality has not been investigated in Asian populations. A pooled analysis of individual data from nine cohorts was performed. A total of 57,339 Japanese men and women were eligible for the analysis. We used the modified Kaplan-Meier approach and estimated the remaining lifetime risk of cardiovascular mortality starting from the index age of 35 years. Participants were classified into four categories defined by hypertension and diabetes. The lifetime risk was increased in the order of those without either risk, those without hypertension but with diabetes, those with hypertension but without diabetes, and those with both risks. The lifetime risk of cardiovascular mortality at the 35-year index age was as follows: 7.8% in men and 6.2% in women for those without either hypertension or diabetes, 13.2% in men and 9.5% in women for those without hypertension but with diabetes, 17.2% in men and 11.7% in women for those with hypertension but without diabetes, and 19.4% in men and 15% in women for those with both risks. These findings reinforce the need for a life-course perspective in the management of hypertension and diabetes from a younger age.

Household income and the risk of incident hypertension in employees at multiple workplaces in Japan: J-HOPE.
Shingo Yanagiya, Koshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akizumi Tsutsumi, Tatsuya Atsumi, Akiko Tamakoshi
Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 43, 12, 1445, 1453, 2020年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, This cohort study aimed to investigate the association between household income and incident hypertension in a Japanese employed population. During 2012, a total of 4314 normotensive daytime employees (3153 men and 1161 women) were included in this study. Participants had a wide range of occupations and were employed at one of 12 workplaces from various economic sectors in Japan. After a 2-year follow-up, incident hypertension was compared among groups according to household income: <5.0, 5.0-7.9, 8.0-9.9, and ≥10.0 million Japanese yen (\)/year. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratio for incident hypertension in each household income group, compared with the group earning <5.0 million \/year. The hazard ratios for men were 1.52 (95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.18) for 5.0-7.9 million \/year, 1.49 (0.98-2.27) for 8.0-9.9 million \/year, and 1.92 (1.23-3.01) for ≥10.0 million \/year after adjusting for age, baseline systolic blood pressure, worksite, type of occupation, number of family members, and smoking status. This positive relationship was attenuated but remained significant after further adjustment for alcohol consumption and body mass index, both of which were higher among men with higher household income. Conversely, there was no significant difference for women in the risk of incident hypertension among household income groups, although those with higher household income tended to have a lower risk of incident hypertension. Household income is positively associated with the onset of hypertension in Japanese employed men working daytime hours.

Frequency of Seaweed Intake and Its Association with Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: The JACC Study.
Rie Kishida, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Isao Muraki, Mizuki Sata, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 27, 12, 1340, 1347, Japan Atherosclerosis Society, 2020年12月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: Seaweed is a popular traditional foodstuff in Asian countries. To our knowledge, few studies have examined the association of seaweed intake with mortality from cardiovascular disease. We examined the association of frequency of seaweed intake with total and specific cardiovascular disease mortality. METHODS: We examined the association of seaweed intake with mortality from cardiovascular disease among 40,234 men and 55,981 women who participated in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk. Sex-specific hazard ratios for mortality from cardiovascular disease (stroke, stroke subtypes, and coronary heart disease) according to the frequency of seaweed intake were calculated stratified by study area and adjusted for potential cardiovascular risk factors and dietary factors. RESULTS: During the 1,580,996 person-year follow-up, 6,525 cardiovascular deaths occurred, of which 2,820 were due to stroke, and 1,378, to coronary heart disease. Among men, the multivariable analysis showed that participants who ate seaweed almost every day compared with those who never ate seaweed had hazard ratios (95% confidence interval; P for trend) of 0.79 (0.62-1.01; 0.72) for total cardiovascular disease, 0.70 (0.49-0.99; 0.47) for total stroke, 0.69 (0.41-1.16; 0.11) for cerebral infarction. Among women, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios were 0.72 (0.55-0.95; 0.001) for total cardiovascular disease, 0.70 (0.46-1.06; 0.01) for total stroke, and 0.49 (0.27-0.90; 0.22) for cerebral infarction. No associations were observed between seaweed intake and risk of intraparenchymal hemorrhage and coronary heart disease among either men or women. CONCLUSIONS: We found an inverse association between seaweed intake and cardiovascular mortality among Japanese men and women, especially that from cerebral infarction.

Relationships Between Reproductive History and Mortality From Cardiovascular Diseases Among Japanese Women: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC) Study.
Kanami Tanigawa, Satoyo Ikehara, Takashi Kimura, Hironori Imano, Isao Muraki, Kokoro Shirai, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of epidemiology, 30, 11, 509, 515, 2020年11月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Reproductive history has been addressed as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined the relationship between reproductive history and CVD mortality in Japanese women. METHODS: We followed 53,836 women without previous CVD or cancer history from 1988-1990 to 2009 in a prospective cohort study. Hazard ratios (HRs) of CVD mortality were estimated according to the number of deliveries and maternal age at first delivery. RESULTS: During the follow-up, 2,982 CVD-related deaths were identified. There was U-shaped association between the number of deliveries and risk of CVD mortality with reference to three deliveries, although the excess risk of CVD mortality associated with ≥5 deliveries was of borderline statistical significance. The corresponding multivariable HRs (95% CIs) were 1.33 (1.12-1.58) and 1.11 (0.99-1.24). In addition, a higher CVD mortality was associated with maternal age ≥28 years at first delivery than maternal age of 24-27 years at first delivery. The multivariable HRs were 1.22 (1.10-1.36) for 28-31, and 1.26 (1.04-1.52) for ≥32 years at first delivery. Moreover, among women with ≥3 deliveries, maternal age ≥28 years at first delivery was associated with 1.2- to 1.5-fold increased CVD mortality. CONCLUSION: The number of deliveries showed a U-shaped association with risk of CVD mortality. Higher maternal age at first delivery was associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality, and excessive risk in women aged ≥28 years at first delivery was noted in those with ≥3 deliveries.

Association of tea consumption and the risk of gastric cancer in Japanese adults: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Haytham Sheerah, Liu Keyang, Ehab Salah Eshak, Renzhe Cui, Kokoro Shirai, Isao Muraki, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
BMJ open, 10, 10, e038243, 2020年10月06日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: To examine the possible relationship between tea consumption and risk of gastric cancer (GC) among Japanese men and women included in a large Japanese population-based study titled the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: A population-based cohort included subjects who were recruited from 24 areas of JACC Study, in which data regarding the incidence of cancer were available. PARTICIPANTS: 63 848 participants (26 025 men and 37 823 women), aged 40-79, were included in the analyses and underwent follow-up (median 13.3 years) prospectively in research on cancer incidence. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome variable was the risk of GC according to the frequency intakes of total tea, green tea, black tea and oolong tea. The adjusted HRs for the risk of GC associated with tea consumption were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: 1494 cases of GC were detected (960 men and 534 women) during the follow-up period. The multivariable-adjusted HRs for the risk of GC in the highest versus lowest quintiles of total tea intake were 1.05 (0.83-1.33); p trend=0.50 in men, and 0.82 (0.60-1.12); p trend=0.45 in women. There was no association found between the consumption of green tea, black tea or oolong tea with the risk for GC in either gender. CONCLUSIONS: In this large community-based prospective cohort study, tea consumption was not associated with the risk of GC in either gender.

Diabetes and Mortality From Respiratory Diseases: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Mengying Wang, Isao Muraki, Keyang Liu, Kokoro Shirai, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yonghua Hu, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of epidemiology, 30, 10, 457, 463, 2020年10月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Little evidence is available about the association between diabetes and respiratory disease mortality among Japanese populations. We aimed to explore the association between diabetes and the risk of respiratory diseases mortality through a nationwide prospective study in Japan. METHODS: We followed 95,056 participants (39,925 men and 55,131 women) for a median 17.1 years. The information about diabetes status, sociodemographic characteristics, and lifestyles was collected at baseline. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of mortality from respiratory diseases associated with baseline diabetes status. RESULTS: We identified 2,838 deaths from total respiratory diseases (1,759 respiratory infection, 432 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 647 other respiratory diseases). The association between diabetes and total respiratory disease mortality was statistically significant among women (HR 1.81; 95% CI, 1.39-2.37) but of borderline statistical significance in men (P for interaction <0.01). Besides, there were significant associations between diabetes and mortality from respiratory infection among both men and women (HR 1.39; 95% CI, 1.10-1.76 and HR 2.30; 95% CI, 1.71-3.11, respectively; P for interaction <0.001). However, we failed to detect any statistically significant association between diabetes and COPD mortality. Moreover, the subgroup analysis revealed that the association between diabetes and total respiratory disease mortality was stronger in never smokers when compared with ever smokers (P for interaction = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Significant association was observed between diabetes and the risk of total respiratory disease mortality, in particular from respiratory infection. Prevention and control of respiratory diseases, especially respiratory infection, should be paid more attention among people with diabetes in clinical and public health practice.

Associations of body mass index, weight change, physical activity and sedentary behavior with endometrial cancer risk among Japanese women: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Hiromi Miyata, Kokoro Shirai, Isao Muraki, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 31, 12, 621, 627, 2020年09月19日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: The impact of weight change, physical activity, and sedentary behavior on endometrial cancer risk among the Asian population is uncertain. We investigated the association of those factors with endometrial cancer risk among Japanese women with a low body mass index level. METHODS: We performed a large-scale nationwide cohort study consisting of 33,801 female participants aged 40-79 years. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident endometrial cancer. RESULTS: The mean body mass index of participants was 22.8 kg/m2. During a median follow-up of 14.8 years, 79 participants developed endometrial cancer. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, body mass index over 23.0 kg/m2 was linearly associated with the risk of endometrial cancer. The HR (95%CI) per 5 kg/m2 increase was 1.80(1.28-2.54). Weight increment ≥+5 kg since age 20 was associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer compared to a weight change of -5 to <+5 kg (the multivariable HR (95% CI) was 1.96(1.12-3.40)). Compared with females who were mainly sitting at the worksite, those who were mainly standing and moving were at lower risk; the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) were 0.79(0.39-1.59) and 0.46(0.22-0.97), respectively, p for trend= 0.042. Hours of physical exercise, daily walking, and TV viewing were not associated with endometrial cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and weight gain were positively associated with the risk of endometrial cancer, while worksite physical activity was inversely associated with the risk.

Milk Intake and Stroke Mortality in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study-A Bayesian Survival Analysis.
Chaochen Wang, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Yingsong Lin, Tae Sasakabe, Sayo Kawai, Shogo Kikuchi, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Nutrients, 12, 9, 2020年09月09日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The aim of this study was to further examine the relationship between milk intake and stroke mortality among the Japanese population. We used data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study (total number of participants = 110,585, age range: 40-79) to estimate the posterior acceleration factors (AF) as well as the hazard ratios (HR) comparing individuals with different milk intake frequencies against those who never consumed milk at the study baseline. These estimations were computed through a series of Bayesian survival models that employed a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation process. In total, 100,000 posterior samples were generated separately through four independent chains after model convergency was confirmed. Posterior probabilites that daily milk consumers had lower hazard or delayed mortality from strokes compared to non-consumers was 99.0% and 78.0% for men and women, respectively. Accordingly, the estimated posterior means of AF and HR for daily milk consumers were 0.88 (95% Credible Interval, CrI: 0.81, 0.96) and 0.80 (95% CrI: 0.69, 0.93) for men and 0.97 (95% CrI: 0.88, 1.10) and 0.95 (95% CrI: 0.80, 1.17) for women. In conclusion, data from the JACC study provided strong evidence that daily milk intake among Japanese men was associated with delayed and lower risk of mortality from stroke especially cerebral infarction.

Night Work, Rotating Shift Work and the Risk of Cancer in Japanese Men and Women: the JACC Study.
Ahmed Arafa, Ehab S Eshak, Hiroyasu Iso, Isao Muraki, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 2020年08月15日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Limited epidemiological evidence has suggested a positive relationship between night shift work and the risk of cancer. Herein, we investigated the prospective association between different forms of work schedule and the risk of numerous cancers and all-cause cancer among Japanese men and women. METHODS: This cohort study included 45,390 working men and women aged 40-79 years and registered in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study). The Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident cancer among those who reported engagement in night work and rotating shift work for their longest occupations compared with day work. RESULTS: Within a median follow-up duration of 14.2 years, 2283 (9.4%) men and 1309 (4.5%) women developed cancer. Among men, rotating shift work was significantly associated with increased risk of esophageal cancer (HR= 2.47, 95% CI, 1.42-4.31) and decreased risk of liver cancer (HR= 0.54, 95% CI, 0.30-0.98). Also, rotating shift work tended to be associated with the increased risk of prostate cancer (HR= 1.42, 95% CI, 0.95-2.12). Night work and rotating shift work were not related to the risk of all-cause cancer in either sex. CONCLUSION: Rotating shift work might contribute to the increased risk of esophageal cancer and prostate cancer and the decreased risk of liver cancer among Japanese men.

Social participation patterns and the incidence of functional disability: The Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study.
Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yutaka Okada, Yoichi M Ito, Rika Taniguchi, Yukako Tani, Yuri Sasaki, Junko Saito, Maho Haseda, Naoki Kondo, Katsunori Kondo
Geriatrics & gerontology international, 20, 8, 765, 772, 2020年08月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: To examine whether patterns of social participation vary in their associations with functional disability. METHODS: Data from 44 978 participants (22 750 men and 22 228 women) who participated in the 2010 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study were analyzed; a study of those aged ≥65 years from 23 municipalities in eight prefectures. Social participation information was obtained at baseline with an eight-item questionnaire. Incidence of functional disability from 2010 to 2013 was defined as a new certification of eligibility for municipal public long-term care insurance. Social participation patterns were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and participants were classified into quartiles of factor scores of social participation patterns. A competing risk model was used to calculate the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the incidence of functional disability in 3 years of follow-up. RESULTS: Two social patterns were identified: sports groups/clubs and hobby groups, and political groups/organizations and industry/trade associations. For both patterns, compared with participants in the lowest quartile, participants in the highest quartile were more likely to be male, college educated, high-income and current drinkers. Both patterns were associated with reduced incidence of functional disability (adjusted hazard ratios for top quartile of sports and hobby pattern: 0.66, 95% confidence interval: 0.59, 0.74; for political and industry/trade pattern: 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.72, 0.90; P for trend <0.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS: Those whose social participation patterns were characterized by frequent participation in sports groups/clubs and hobby groups or political groups/organizations and industry/trade associations were less likely to develop a functional disability. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; ••: ••-••.

Association of job category and occupational activity with breast cancer incidence in Japanese female workers: the JACC study.
Gita Nirmala Sari, Ehab Salah Eshak, Kokoro Shirai, Yoshihisa Fujino, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
BMC public health, 20, 1, 1106, 2020年07月14日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Breast cancer represented the leading cause of cancer deaths among women in Japan. Although physical activity has been reported protective against breast cancer, scientific evidence is limited on the risk of breast cancer according to job category or occupational activity in Japanese. Our objective was to examine the association of job category and occupational activity with breast cancer incidence in Japanese female workers using the data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. METHODS: A prospective cohort study involving 19,041 women aged 40-79 years who have reported their occupational data and followed-up from 1988 to 2009. All variables were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Cancer incidence data were obtained from 24 areas of the JACC study through cancer population data registration, or review of hospital records. The Cox proportional hazard models were operated to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: There were 138 incident cases of breast cancer during 13.3 years median follow-up period. Office workers compared with manual workers were at a higher risk of breast cancer after adjusting for reproductive health factors and physical activity indicators; the multivariable HR (95% CI) was 1.65 (1.07-2.55). Also, women who had mainly a sitting position during work compared with those moving during work had the higher risk: the multivariable HR (95%CI) of 1.45 (1.01-2.12). The excess risk of breast cancer was observed for office workers when time spent in walking was < 30 min/ day; HR (95% CI) was 1.11 (1.01-1.23), and for women mainly at a sitting position during work when time spent in walking was 30-59 min or < 30 min/day; HRs (95% CIs) were 1.87 (1.07-3.27) and 1.74 (1.07-2.83), respectively. CONCLUSION: The job category and occupational activity were associated with risk of breast cancer incidence. A high risk was observed in office workers and in women with a sitting position during work. These observed increased risks were evident in women with less daily walking activity.

Alcohol Drinking and Bladder Cancer Risk From a Pooled Analysis of Ten Cohort Studies in Japan.
Hiroyuki Masaoka, Keitaro Matsuo, Isao Oze, Hidemi Ito, Mariko Naito, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Tomio Nakayama, Yuri Kitamura, Atsuko Sadakane, Akiko Tamakoshi, Ichiro Tsuji, Yumi Sugawara, Norie Sawada, Tetsuya Mizoue, Manami Inoue, Keitaro Tanaka, Shoichiro Tsugane, Taichi Shimazu
Journal of epidemiology, 30, 7, 309, 313, 2020年07月07日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: The association of alcohol drinking with bladder cancer risk remains unclear in East Asian populations. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) enzyme oxidizes alcohol-metabolized carcinogenic acetaldehyde into acetate. It is well known that the inactive ALDH2 carriers, specific to East Asian populations, have an increased risk of several cancer types because of increased exposure to acetaldehyde after alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to examine the association between alcohol drinking and bladder cancer risk using data from ten population-based prospective cohort studies in Japan, where approximately 40% of the population has inactive ALDH2 enzyme. METHODS: We analyzed 340,497 Japanese participants with average follow-up of 13.4 years. The association between alcohol drinking and bladder cancer risk was evaluated using Cox regression models within each study, and random-effects models were used to estimate pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: During 4,729,071 person-years, 936 men and 325 women were newly diagnosed with bladder cancer. Our results showed no evidence of significant association between alcohol drinking and bladder cancer risk even among men who consumed alcohol of ≥69 g/week, with HR of 1.02 (95% CI, 0.79-1.33). The null result was observed consistently among women. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support an association between alcohol drinking and bladder cancer risk in the Japanese, at least without consideration of the polymorphisms of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes.

The association of conventionally medicated systolic and diastolic blood pressure level and mortality from cardiovascular disease: is the lower the better in high stroke population?
Ryoto Sakaniwa, Jasper Tromp, Kokoro Shirai, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 109, 7, 944, 948, 2020年07月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語

Intake of common alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages and breast cancer risk among Japanese women: Findings from the Japan collaborative cohort study
Siamala Sinnadurai, Satoe Okabayashi, Takashi Kawamura, Mitsuru Mori, Nirmala Bhoo-Pathy, Nur Aishah Taib, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 21, 6, 1701, 1707, 2020年06月01日
研究論文（学術雑誌）, This study investigated the association between intake of common alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages and breast cancer risk among Japanese women. This study included 33,396 Japanese women aged 40-79 years from 24 areas in Japan from the Collaborative Cohort study. During the follow-up period (≥20 years), 245 incidents or mortal breast cancers were documented. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the independent association between breast cancer risk and the intake of Japanese green tea, coffee, and alcohol. Japanese green tea was the most commonly consumed non-alcoholic beverage (81.6% of participants), followed by coffee (34.7%) and alcohol (23.6%). No signifiant associations were identifid between the intake of green tea and coffee with breast cancer risk (odds ratio OR 1.15, 95% confience interval [CI] 0.82-1.60, and OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.64-1.10, respectively). Alcohol intake was associated with signifiant breast cancer risk (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.11-1.92), and even infrequent alcohol consumption (<1 times/week) was associated with substantially increased breast cancer risk (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.39-3.09). Alcohol type, especially, wine and whisky intake tended to be marginally associated with breast cancer risk (OR 1.79, 95% CI 0.99-3.23 and [OR] 1.68, 95% CI 0.91-3.08, respectively). Alcohol consumption would be associated with increased breast cancer risk. However, intake of green tea or coffee does not appear to be associated with increased breast cancer risk.

新型コロナウイルス感染症情報の効率的な把握・提供・共有のための北海道における取り組み　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
玉腰 暁子, 朝倉 利晃, 木村 尚史, 平田 匠, 人見 嘉哲, 中瀬 克己
病原微生物検出情報月報, 41, 5, 86, 87, 国立感染症研究所, 2020年05月
日本語

新型コロナウイルス感染症情報の効率的な把握・提供・共有のための北海道における取り組み　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
玉腰 暁子, 朝倉 利晃, 木村 尚史, 平田 匠, 人見 嘉哲, 中瀬 克己
病原微生物検出情報月報, 41, 5, 86, 87, 国立感染症研究所, 2020年05月
日本語

Association between dietary inflammatory index and serum C-reactive protein concentrations in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Koji Suzuki, Nitin Shivappa, Miyuki Kawado, Hiroya Yamada, Shuji Hashimoto, Kenji Wakai, Hiroyasu Iso, Emiko Okada, Ryosuke Fujii, James R Hébert, Akiko Tamakoshi
Nagoya journal of medical science, 82, 2, 237, 249, 2020年05月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Diet plays an important role in the regulation of chronic inflammation, which is linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and several cancers. The dietary inflammatory index (DII®) was developed to estimate the inflammatory potential of an individual's diet. We examined the association between DII scores and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations using the baseline data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study). Data were from 1176 control subjects (650 men and 526 women) in a nested case-control study of several cancers and CVD in the JACC Study who were free of cancer and CVD at baseline. DII scores were calculated from 26 food parameters that were derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire administered at the baseline. Energy-adjusted DII scores were calculated using the residual method. Serum hs-CRP concentrations were measured by latex-enhanced nephelometry or enzyme-immunoassay. In multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders including sex, age, smoking habits, drinking habits, body mass index, and history of hypertension, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for high serum hs-CRP concentrations (>1.0 mg/L) was significantly higher in the highest versus the lowest DII quartile (ORQuartile4vs1 = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.52). Likewise, a 1-point increase in DII score was associated with a 14% increased risk of high serum hs-CRP concentrations (ORContinuous = 1.09, 95%CI = 1.01 to 1.19). A pro-inflammatory diet, as represented by high DII scores, was associated with high serum hs-CRP concentrations in this Japanese population.

Insulin-like Growth Factor-1, Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 and the Incidence of Malignant Neoplasms in a Nested Case-Control Study.
Yasushi Adachi, Masanori Nojima, Mitsuru Mori, Ryogo Himori, Toshiyuki Kubo, Hiro-O Yamano, Yingsong Lin, Kenji Wakai, Akiko Tamakoshi
Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 13, 4, 385, 394, 2020年04月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is a potent mitogen, but IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 inhibits IGF1. To elucidate the relationship between both IGF1 and IGFBP and the risk of tumorigenesis, the association between IGF1 and IGFBP3 serum levels and of malignant tumor incidence was investigated in a prospective case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. A baseline survey was started in 1988-1990, 110,585 subjects were enrolled, and 35% of participants donated blood samples. Those who had been diagnosed with malignant tumors by 1997 were considered cases. The analysis involved 1,349 cases and 4,012 controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs for cancer incidence associated with IGF-related molecules. After controlling for alcohol intake, body mass index (BMI), and smoking, participants with high total-IGFBP3 and free-IGFBP3, which is estimated by the molar difference of (IGFBP3 - IGF1), had a risk of future neoplasms (P trend = 0.014 and 0.009, respectively), but those with IGF1 did not. People in the second to fifth quintiles had a lower risk than those in the first quintile (ORs 0.676-0.736 and 0.657-0.870, respectively). Limiting subjects to those followed for 3 years weakened the negative associations of total- and free-IGFBP3, whereas a positive relationship of free-IGF1, which was estimated by the molar ratio of IGF1/IGFBP3, was seen (P trend = 0.004, 0.002, and 0.013, respectively). After controlling for alcohol intake, smoking, BMI, and diabetes mellitus, the results were confirmed. These findings suggest that serum IGF1 and IGFBP3 are related to future risk of malignant neoplasms.

Multivariate Analysis for Molecular Species of Cholesteryl Ester in the Human Serum.
Yifan Chen, Shu-Ping Hui, Yusuke Miura, Sota Kato, Toshihiro Sakurai, Zhen Chen, Emiko Okada, Shigekazu Ukawa, Takafumi Nakagawa, Koshi Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hitoshi Chiba, Hiroyuki Minami, Masahiro Mizuta
Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry, 36, 3, 373, 378, 2020年03月10日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Cholesteryl ester (CE) is an ester of cholesterol and fatty acid (FA). Plasma CE reflects complicated metabolisms of cholesterol, phospholipids, lipoproteins, and dietary FAs. An informatics approach could be useful for analysis of the CE species. In this study, two basic dimension reduction methods, principal component analysis (PCA) and factor analysis, were applied to serum CE species determined by LC-MS/MS in a Japanese population (n = 545). PCA and factor analysis both reflected the size (concentration), food source, fat solubility, and biological aspect of the CE species. In a comparison between PCA (PC4) and factor analysis (factor 4), the latter was found to be more suggestive from a biological aspect of n-6 FAs. Cholesteryl docosahexaenoate (DHA) was found to be unique by a factor analysis, possibly relevant to the unique accumulation of DHA in the brain. An informatics approach, especially factor analysis, might be useful for the analysis of complicated metabolism of CE species in the serum.

北海道における地域在住高齢者の転倒の特徴　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
小島 令嗣, 鵜川 重和, 玉腰 暁子
北海道公衆衛生学雑誌, 33, 2, 45, 49, 北海道公衆衛生学会, 2020年03月, ［査読有り］
日本語, 高齢者の転倒は要介護となる原因の一つであり、公衆衛生上重要な課題である。寒冷地における凍結路面での転倒を含めた高齢者の転倒の特徴を明らかにするため、北海道における地域在住高齢者を対象に、転倒場所や受傷の有無を含めた調査を行った。北海道の69歳から80歳の介護認定を受けていない地域在住高齢者に対し、質問票により転倒に関する調査を行った。対象者569名(74.8±2.8歳、男性52.9%)のうち、過去1年以内に転倒した割合は27.1%(154名)であった。転倒の時期は12月から3月の4ヵ月で68.6%を占めた。転倒場所は屋外(凍結路面)が68.1%、屋外(通常路面)が20.1%、屋内が11.3%であった。転倒に伴う受傷は、受傷なし55.2%、打撲34.2%、骨折7.9%で、転倒場所による有意な違いはなかったが(p=0.21)、転倒回数1回の対象者に限定した場合、有意差がみられた(p=0.013)。北海道における地域在住高齢者の転倒は冬季の割合が高く、寒冷地での転倒に関する要因の検討の際には、転倒場所を考慮した検討が必要である。(著者抄録)

Correlation between serum proinsulin levels and fatty liver: The Dynamics of Lifestyle and Neighborhood Community on Health Study Health Study.
Aika Miya, Akinobu Nakamura, Hideaki Miyoshi, Shigekazu Ukawa, Koshi Nakamura, Takafumi Nakagawa, Yasuo Terauchi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Tatsuya Atsumi
Journal of diabetes investigation, 11, 4, 964, 970, 2020年01月30日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS/INTRODUCTION: We explored the association between fatty liver and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in a general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 489 (53.8% women) community-dwelling Japanese adults. The extent of fatty liver was estimated using the fatty liver index (FLI). After all participants were divided into three groups - low (FLI <30), moderate (30 ≤FLI <60) or high (FLI ≥ 60) degree of fatty liver - serum proinsulin levels transformed into natural logarithms were compared among the three groups. To determine whether obesity modified the association of interest, the participants were stratified into two groups according to the median body mass index. Next, to determine whether hyperinsulinemia modified the association of interest, a similar stratified analysis was carried out using the median serum insulin level. RESULTS: Logarithm (proinsulin) was significantly higher in the high FLI group than in the moderate and low groups, and it was significantly higher in the moderate group than in the low group after adjustment for age and sex (P < 0.05). Logarithm (proinsulin) was significantly higher in the high FLI group than in the low FLI group, regardless of body mass index, after adjustment for age and sex. A similar pattern was observed regardless of serum insulin levels. CONCLUSIONS: The degree of fatty liver was positively associated with proinsulin level, regardless of the presence of obesity or hyperinsulinemia, suggesting that fatty liver reflects pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.

Frequency of Seaweed Intake and Its Association with Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: The JACC Study
Rie Kishida, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Isao Muraki, Mizuki Sata, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, Japan Atherosclerosis Society, 2020年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Analysis of Serotonin in Human Feces Using Solid Phase Extraction and Column-Switching LC-MS/MS.
Yukiko Hirabayashi, Kiminori Nakamura, Tsuyoshi Sonehara, Daisuke Suzuki, Satoru Hanzawa, Yu Shimizu, Tomoyasu Aizawa, Koshi Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Tokiyoshi Ayabe
Mass spectrometry (Tokyo, Japan), 9, 1, A0081, 2020年, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Serotonin, an important neurotransmitter, is produced mainly in intestines, and serotonin levels in feces can be an indicator of the intestinal environment. Human feces, however, contain a large amount of contaminants, which vary widely owing to food contents and the intestinal environment, and these contaminants would be expected to interfere with the determination of serotonin levels in human feces. To remove these contaminants and determine serotonin levels, we developed a new method using solid phase extraction (SPE) and column-switching LC-MS/MS. Serotonin, labeled with a stable isotope, was added to human feces samples prior to SPE as an internal standard to correct for individual differences in matrix effects. The recovery rate for SPE was 55.9-81.0% (intraday) and 56.5-78.1% (interday) for feces from two subjects. We analyzed 220 fecal samples from 96 subjects including 76 pregnant and post-delivery women. The endogenous serotonin content per unit weight of dried feces was 0.09-14.13 ng/mg for pregnant and post-delivery women and 0.30-9.93 ng/mg for the remaining subjects.

Proinsulin is sensitive to reflect glucose intolerance.
Akinobu Nakamura, Hideaki Miyoshi, Shigekazu Ukawa, Koshi Nakamura, Takafumi Nakagawa, Yasuo Terauchi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Tatsuya Atsumi
Journal of diabetes investigation, 11, 1, 75, 79, 2020年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS/INTRODUCTION: We investigated associations between glucose tolerance and β-cell function using a series of estimation methods in a population-based study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from the Dynamics of Lifestyle and Neighborhood Community on Health Study were analyzed. A total of 489 participants (263 women) were divided into three groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes (PDM) and diabetes group. We estimated β-cell function by the homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function, proinsulin level (PI), C-peptide index, proinsulin-to-C-peptide ratio (PI/CPR) and proinsulin-to-insulin ratio. Because data on all five parameters of β-cell function showed skewed distributions, the values of these parameters were normalized by natural logarithmic (ln) transformation. Next, the association between glucose tolerance and β-cell function among participants without diabetes was examined. In this analysis, glucose tolerance was assessed based on glycated hemoglobin levels. RESULTS: In the crude analysis, ln(PI) and ln(PI/CPR) were significantly higher in the diabetes group than those in the PDM and NGT groups, and these parameters were significantly higher in the PDM group than in the NGT group. Only ln(PI) in the PDM group was significantly higher compared with that in the NGT group after adjustment for age, sex and body mass index (ln[PI]: PDM group 2.38 pmol/L, 95% confidence interval 2.29-2.47 pmol/L; NGT group 2.17 pmol/L, 95% confidence interval 2.12-2.22 pmol/L; P < 0.05). In addition, ln(PI) levels were significantly and positively correlated with glycated hemoglobin quartile in participants without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that PI was the most sensitive to reflect glucose intolerance.

Associations of gut microbiota, dietary intake, and serum short-chain fatty acids with fecal short-chain fatty acids.
Ryodai Yamamura, Koshi Nakamura, Naoya Kitada, Tomoyasu Aizawa, Yu Shimizu, Kiminori Nakamura, Tokiyoshi Ayabe, Takashi Kimura, Akiko Tamakoshi
Bioscience of microbiota, food and health, 39, 1, 11, 17, 2020年, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, In recent years, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been reported to play an important role in maintaining human health. Fecal SCFA concentrations correlate well with colonic SCFA status and gut microbiota composition. However, the associations with the gut microbiota functional pathway, dietary intake, blood SCFAs, and fecal SCFAs remain uncertain. To clarify these relationships, we collected fecal samples, blood samples, and dietary habit data from 12 healthy adults aged 22-51 years. The relative abundance of several SCFA-producing bacteria, gut microbiota diversity, and functional pathways related to SCFA biosynthesis were positively associated with fecal SCFAs even after adjusting for age and sex. Furthermore, fecal acetate was likely to be positively associated with serum acetate. By contrast, dietary intake was not associated with fecal SCFAs. Overall, the present study highlights the potential usefulness of fecal SCFAs as an indicator of the gut microbiota ecosystem and dynamics of SCFAs in the human body.

The associations of anthropometric, behavioural and sociodemographic factors with circulating concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 in a pooled analysis of 16,024 men from 22 studies.
Eleanor L Watts, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Paul N Appleby, Demetrius Albanes, Eva Ardanaz, Amanda Black, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, June M Chan, Chu Chen, S A Paul Chubb, Michael B Cook, Mélanie Deschasaux, Jenny L Donovan, Dallas R English, Leon Flicker, Neal D Freedman, Pilar Galan, Graham G Giles, Edward L Giovannucci, Marc J Gunter, Laurel A Habel, Christel Häggström, Christopher Haiman, Freddie C Hamdy, Serge Hercberg, Jeff M Holly, Jiaqi Huang, Wen-Yi Huang, Mattias Johansson, Rudolf Kaaks, Tatsuhiko Kubo, J Athene Lane, Tracy M Layne, Loic Le Marchand, Richard M Martin, E Jeffrey Metter, Kazuya Mikami, Roger L Milne, Howard A Morris, Lorelei A Mucci, David E Neal, Marian L Neuhouser, Steven E Oliver, Kim Overvad, Kotaro Ozasa, Valeria Pala, Claire H Pernar, Michael Pollak, Mari-Anne Rowlands, Catherine A Schaefer, Jeannette M Schenk, Pär Stattin, Akiko Tamakoshi, Elin Thysell, Mathilde Touvier, Antonia Trichopoulou, Konstantinos K Tsilidis, Stephen K Van Den Eeden, Stephanie J Weinstein, Lynne Wilkens, Bu B Yeap, Timothy J Key, Naomi E Allen, Ruth C Travis
International journal of cancer, 145, 12, 3244, 3256, 2019年12月15日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) have been implicated in the aetiology of several cancers. To better understand whether anthropometric, behavioural and sociodemographic factors may play a role in cancer risk via IGF signalling, we examined the cross-sectional associations of these exposures with circulating concentrations of IGFs (IGF-I and IGF-II) and IGFBPs (IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3). The Endogenous Hormones, Nutritional Biomarkers and Prostate Cancer Collaborative Group dataset includes individual participant data from 16,024 male controls (i.e. without prostate cancer) aged 22-89 years from 22 prospective studies. Geometric means of protein concentrations were estimated using analysis of variance, adjusted for relevant covariates. Older age was associated with higher concentrations of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 and lower concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBP-3. Higher body mass index was associated with lower concentrations of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2. Taller height was associated with higher concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and lower concentrations of IGFBP-1. Smokers had higher concentrations of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 and lower concentrations of IGFBP-3 than nonsmokers. Higher alcohol consumption was associated with higher concentrations of IGF-II and lower concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-2. African Americans had lower concentrations of IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 and Hispanics had lower IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBP-3 than non-Hispanic whites. These findings indicate that a range of anthropometric, behavioural and sociodemographic factors are associated with circulating concentrations of IGFs and IGFBPs in men, which will lead to a greater understanding of the mechanisms through which these factors influence cancer risk.

Erratum for Yokoyama et al., "Skipping Breakfast and Risk of Mortality from Cancer, Circulatory Diseases and All Causes: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study".
Yae Yokoyama, Kazunari Onishi, Takenobu Hosoda, Hiroki Amano, Shinji Otani, Youichi Kurozawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
Yonago acta medica, 62, 4, 308, 308, 2019年12月, ［国内誌］
英語, [This corrects the article on p. 55 in vol. 59, PMID: 27046951.].

Ankle-Brachial Index is a Predictor of Future Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in a General Japanese Population.
Hiroshi Sonoda, Koshi Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 26, 12, 1054, 1061, 2019年12月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS: The ankle-brachial index (ABI) can be a prognostic marker for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Western populations. Since there is little relevant evidence for Asian populations, we investigated the relationship between ABI and the risk of incident CKD in a general Japanese population. METHODS: The cohort included 5,072 participants aged 30-79 without a history of renal disease or cerebro-cardiovascular disease. Incident CKD, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate ＜60 (mL/min/1.73 m2) and/or proteinuria (≥ 1＋ on urine dipstick), was compared among participants grouped according to baseline ABI: 0.90-0.99, 1.00-1.09, 1.10-1.19, 1.20-1.29, and 1.30-1.39. Hazard ratios for incident CKD were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model, with the ABI 1.10-1.19 group serving as the reference. RESULTS: The CKD incidence rate (/100 person-years) was 1.80 during the mean follow-up period of 5.1 years. The CKD incidence rate was 3.04 in the ABI category 0.90-0.99, 1.58 in ABI 1.00-1.09, 1.72 in ABI 1.10-1.19, 2.01 in ABI 1.20-1.29, and 3.33 in ABI 1.30-1.39. The hazard ratios for developing CKD were 2.14 (95% confidence interval 1.16-3.92) in ABI 0.90-0.99, 1.08 (0.83-1.41) in ABI 1.00-1.09, 1.03 (0.83-1.29) in ABI 1.20-1.29, and 1.37 (0.77-2.47) in ABI 1.30-1.39, after adjusting for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, and other confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: In a general Japanese population, an ABI of 0.90-0.99 was associated with an increased risk of incident CKD, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

Circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 and risk of gastrointestinal malignant tumors.
Yasushi Adachi, Masanori Nojima, Mitsuru Mori, Toshiyuki Kubo, Hiro-O Yamano, Yingsong Lin, Kenji Wakai, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 34, 12, 2104, 2111, 2019年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND AND AIM: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) is a potent mitogen and is inhibited by IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3). High serum IGF1 and low IGFBP3 are associated with increased risk of several carcinomas. Here, we assessed the relationship of these peptides with the risk of gastrointestinal malignancies, in a prospective case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. METHODS: The analysis involved 916 cases who had been diagnosed as gastrointestinal malignancies (C15-25) and 2306 controls. To estimate odds ratios for incidence of malignancies associated with these levels, a conditional logistic model was used. RESULTS: Both higher total and free IGFBP3 were associated with a decreased risk of tumor (P for trend < 0.001 and = 0.003, respectively). People in the second to fifth quintiles had lower risk compared to the first quintile (odds ratios ranged 0.532-0.650 and 0.582-0.725, respectively). After adjustment for IGF1, body mass index, drinking, and smoking, total IGFBP3 was inversely correlated with cancer risk (P for trend = 0.031). After adjustment, free IGFBP3 was inversely associated with the risk (P for trend = 0.007). Although total IGF1 was inversely correlated with tumor risk, it was not after controlling for IGFBP3 (P for trend = 0.007 and 0.589, respectively). Free IGF1 was not associated with the risk (P for trend = 0.361). Limiting subjects to those followed for over 3 years reinforced the inverted relationships of total and free IGFBP3 with risk for tumors (P for trend = 0.005 and 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSION: Both total and free IGFBP3 may be inversely associated with the incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies.

Green tea consumption and risk of hematologic neoplasms: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study)
Midori Takada, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Cancer Causes & Control, 30, 11, 1223, 1230, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019年11月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: Experimental studies suggested that green tea may have an anticancer effect on hematologic neoplasms. However, few prospective studies have been conducted. METHODS: A total of 65,042 individuals aged 40-79 years participated in this study and completed a self-administered questionnaire about their lifestyle and medical history at baseline (1988-1990). Of these, 52,462 individuals living in 24 communities with information on incident hematologic neoplasms available in the cancer registry, who did not have a history of cancer and provided valid information on frequency of green tea consumption, were followed through 2009. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of hematologic neoplasms according to green tea consumption were analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence of hematologic neoplasms during a median follow-up of 13.3 years was 323. Compared with the never-drinkers of green tea, the multivariate HRs and 95% CIs for total hematologic neoplasms in green tea drinkers of ≤ 2 cups/day, 3-4 cups/day, and ≥ 5 cups/day were 0.65 (0.42-1.00), 0.73 (0.47-1.13), and 0.63 (0.42-0.96), respectively. The association was more prominent for acute myeloid leukemias and follicular lymphomas. CONCLUSIONS: The present cohort study suggests a protective effect of green tea against hematologic neoplasms, especially acute myeloid leukemias.

Meat subtypes and colorectal cancer risk: A pooled analysis of 6 cohort studies in Japan.
Zobida Islam, Shamima Akter, Ikuko Kashino, Tetsuya Mizoue, Norie Sawada, Nagisa Mori, Yoko Yamagiwa, Shoichiro Tsugane, Mariko Naito, Akiko Tamakoshi, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Keitaro Matsuo, Hidemi Ito, Yingsong Lin, Yuri Kitamura, Atsuko Sadakane, Keitaro Tanaka, Taichi Shimazu, Manami Inoue
Cancer science, 110, 11, 3603, 3614, 2019年11月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Red meat and processed meat have been suggested to increase risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), especially colon cancer. However, it remains unclear whether these associations differ according to meat subtypes or colon subsites. The present study addressed this issue by undertaking a pooled analysis of large population-based cohort studies in Japan: 5 studies comprising 232 403 participants (5694 CRC cases) for analysis based on frequency of meat intake, and 2 studies comprising 123 635 participants (3550 CRC cases) for analysis based on intake quantity. Study-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model and then pooled using the random effect model. Comparing the highest vs lowest quartile, beef intake was associated with an increased risk of colon cancer in women (pooled HR 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01-1.44) and distal colon cancer (DCC) risk in men (pooled HR 1.30; 95% CI, 1.05-1.61). Frequent intake of pork was associated with an increased risk of distal colon cancer in women (pooled HR 1.44; 95% CI, 1.10-1.87) for "3 times/wk or more" vs "less than 1 time/wk". Frequent intake of processed red meat was associated with an increased risk of colon cancer in women (pooled HR 1.39; 95% CI, 0.97-2.00; P trend = .04) for "almost every day" vs "less than 1 time/wk". No association was observed for chicken consumption. The present findings support that intake of beef, pork (women only), and processed red meat (women only) might be associated with a higher risk of colon (distal colon) cancer in Japanese.

Coffee, green tea and liver cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population.
Keitaro Tanaka, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Tetsuya Mizoue, Manami Inoue, Norie Sawada, Keitaro Matsuo, Hidemi Ito, Mariko Naito, Chisato Nagata, Yuri Kitamura, Atsuko Sadakane, Shoichiro Tsugane, Taichi Shimazu
Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 49, 10, 972, 984, 2019年10月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Coffee and green tea, two popular drinks in the Japanese, have recently drawn much attention as potential protective factors against the occurrence of liver cancer. METHODS: We systematically reviewed epidemiologic studies on coffee, green tea and liver cancer among Japanese populations. Original data were obtained by searching the MEDLINE (PubMed) and Ichushi databases, complemented with manual searches. The evaluation was performed in terms of the magnitude of association in each study and the strength of evidence ('convincing', 'probable', 'possible', or 'insufficient'), together with biological plausibility. RESULTS: We identified four cohort and four case-control studies on coffee and liver cancer and six cohort and one case-control studies on green tea and liver cancer. All cohort and case-control studies on coffee reported a weak to strong inverse association, with a summary relative risk (RR) for one cup increase being 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66-0.79). Conversely, all studies but two cohort studies on green tea reported no association, with a corresponding summary RR of 0.99 (95% CI 0.97-1.01, P = 0.37). CONCLUSION: Coffee drinking 'probably' decreases the risk of primary liver cancer among the Japanese population whereas the evidence on an association between green tea and liver cancer is 'insufficient' in this population.

Green tea consumption and mortality in Japanese men and women: a pooled analysis of eight population-based cohort studies in Japan.
Sarah Krull Abe, Eiko Saito, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hidemi Ito, Yingsong Lin, Akiko Tamakoshi, Junya Sado, Yuri Kitamura, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Chisato Nagata, Atsuko Sadakane, Taichi Shimazu, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Matsuo, Mariko Naito, Keitaro Tanaka, Manami Inoue
European journal of epidemiology, 34, 10, 917, 926, 2019年10月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The aim of our study was to assess the association between green tea consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a pooled analysis of eight Japanese population-based cohort studies. Pooled hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), derived from random effects models, were used to evaluate the associations between green tea consumption, based on self-report at baseline, and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. During a mean follow-up of 17.3 years, among 313,381 persons, 52,943 deaths occurred. Compared with individuals who consumed < 1 cup/day, those in the highest consumption category (≥ 5 cups/day) had a decreased risk of all-cause mortality [the multivariate-adjusted HR was 0.90 (95% CI 0.87-0.94) for men and 0.82 (0.74-0.90) for women]. A similar inverse association was observed for heart disease mortality [HR 0.82 (0.75-0.90) for men, and 0.75 (0.68-0.84) for women], and cerebrovascular disease mortality [HR 0.76 (0.68-0.85) for men, and 0.78 (0.68-0.89) for women]. Among women, green tea consumption was associated with decreased risk of total cancer mortality: 0.89 (0.83-0.96) for the 1-2 cups/day category and 0.91 (0.85-0.98) for the 3-4 cups/day category. Results for respiratory disease mortality were [HR 0.75 (0.61-0.94)] among 3-4 cup daily consumers and [HR 0.66 (0.55-0.79)] for ≥ 5 cups/day. Higher consumption of green tea is associated with lower risk for all-cause mortality in Japanese, especially for heart and cerebrovascular disease. Moderate consumption decreased the risk of total cancer and respiratory disease mortality in women.

Television Viewing Time and Breast Cancer Incidence for Japanese Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women: The JACC Study.
Jinhong Cao, Ehab Salah Eshak, Keyang Liu, Isao Muraki, Renzhe Cui, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Cancer research and treatment, 51, 4, 1509, 1517, 2019年10月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: The evidence on effects of TV viewing time among premenopausal and postmenopausal women for breast cancer risk remains controversial and limited. Materials and Methods: A prospective study encompassing 33,276 (17,568 premenopausal, and 15,708 postmenopausal) women aged 40-79 years in whom TV viewing time, menstrual, and reproductive histories were determined by a self-administered questionnaire. The follow-up was from 1988 to 2009 and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer incidence were calculated for longer TV viewing time in reference to shorter TV viewing time by Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: During 16.8-year median follow-up, we found positive associations between TV viewing time and breast cancer incidence with a borderline significant trend among total women and a significant trend among postmenopausal women. Among total women, the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) for risk of breast cancer in reference to < 1.5 hr/day of TV viewing time were 0.89 (0.59-1.34) for 1.5 to < 3.0 hr/day, 1.19 (0.82-1.74) for 3.0 to < 4.5 hr/day, and 1.45 (0.91-2.32) for ≥ 4.5 hr/day (p for trend=0.053) and among postmenopausal women, the corresponding risk estimates were 1.10 (0.42-2.88), 2.54 (1.11-5.80), and 2.37 (0.92-6.10) (p for trend=0.009), respectively. CONCLUSION: Prolonged TV viewing time was associated with increased risk of breast cancer, especially among postmenopausal women.

Revisit of an unanswered question by pooled analysis of eight cohort studies in Japan: Does cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking have interaction for the risk of esophageal cancer?
Isao Oze, Hadrien Charvat, Keitaro Matsuo, Hidemi Ito, Akiko Tamakoshi, Chisato Nagata, Keiko Wada, Yumi Sugawara, Norie Sawada, Taiki Yamaji, Mariko Naito, Keitaro Tanaka, Taichi Shimazu, Tetsuya Mizoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Manami Inoue
Cancer medicine, 8, 14, 6414, 6425, 2019年10月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking are two major risk factors for esophageal cancer. Not all, but several of case-control studies have indicated interaction between the two factors; however, no prospective study has validated this phenomenon to date. Therefore, the interaction between smoking and alcohol drinking is still open-ended question. To answer this, we conducted a pooled analysis using large-scale population-based cohort studies in Japan. Male subjects from eight cohort studies were included. Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking were both categorized categorically (never/ever), and in the three consumption levels of pack years and ethanol consumption/day. Effects of smoking and drinking in each study were estimated by Cox regression models. The study-specific results were combined through meta-analysis to obtain summary effects of hazard ratios (HRs) and measures of interactions at both additive and multiplicative scales. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) from smoking and drinking were obtained using distributions of exposures and fully adjusted HRs. In 162 826 male subjects, 954 esophageal cancer incidences were identified. HRs of ever smoking, ever drinking, and their combination were 2.92 (1.59-5.36), 2.73 (1.78-4.18), and 8.86 (4.82-16.30), respectively. Interaction between cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking was significantly positive on the additive scale, but not significant on the multiplicative scale. The joint effect of smoking and drinking in three levels of evaluation showed a similar significant super-additive interaction. PAFs from smoking, drinking, and their combination were 55.4%, 61.2%, and 81.4%, respectively. Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking had a significant positive additive interaction for esophageal cancer risk.

Self-Reported Eczema in Relation with Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in Japanese: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Yoko Nishida, Yasuhiko Kubota, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 26, 9, 775, 782, 2019年09月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: Previous studies suggested a positive association between eczema and cardiovascular disease (CVD), probably through enhanced systemic inflammation. However, several studies reported null findings about eczema and CVD, so the evidence is still controversial. METHODS: We asked 85,099 participants (35,489 men and 49,610 women), aged 40 to 79 years, without a history of CVD or cancer at baseline between 1988 and 1990, to complete a lifestyle questionnaire, including information eczema frequency (seldom, sometimes or often). RESULTS: During the 6,389,818 person-years of follow-up, there were 1,174 deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD), 979 from heart failure, 366 from cardiac arrhythmia, 2,454 from total stroke, 1,357 from ischemic stroke, 1,013 from hemorrhagic stroke, and 201 from aortic aneurysm or dissection. The multivariable-adjusted model showed that individuals who "sometimes" or "often" had eczema had 0.82 (95%confidence interval (CI): 0.69-0.97) or 1.26 (95%CI: 1.01-1.56) times the risk of mortality from CHD, respectively, compared to those who "seldom" did. Individuals who "often" had 1.30 (95%CI: 1.05-1.61) times the risk of mortality from CHD, compared to those who "seldom or sometimes" did. There was no association of eczema with mortality from other CVD, or no interaction between eczema and sex or age, in relation to any CVD mortality risk. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported frequent eczema was associated with increased risk of mortality from CHD, but not other major CVD, in a Japanese general population. Since steroid usage was not considered, future studies should include it as a potential confounding factor.

Daily sleep duration and the risk of incident disability among younger elderly Japanese adults in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project: A prospective study using competing event analysis.
Zhang L, Ukawa S, Zhao W, Okabayashi S, Ando M, Wakai K, Tsushita K, Kawamura T, Tamakoshi A
Geriatrics & gerontology international, 19, 9, 945, 949, 2019年09月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIM: This study aimed to investigate the association between daily sleep duration and incident disability among younger elderly individuals in Japan. METHODS: We carried out a prospective cohort study, the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project, including 1895 (962 men and 933 women) Japanese physically and socially independent individuals aged ≥65 years. Information on daily sleep duration, demographic, lifestyle characteristics and medical status were collected by questionnaire and health checkup every year from 1996 through 2005. Dates of incident disability were confirmed using the certification for the long-term care insurance in Japan. We treated censored cases due to death as competing events. A competing risk model was used to calculate the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for incident disability. RESULTS: During a median of 12.7 years of follow up, 256 participants (114 men and 142 women) reported incident disability. Compared with a sleep duration of 7-7.9 h/day, sleeping <6 h/day showed an increased risk of incident disability (hazard ratio 1.64, 95% confidence interval 1.13-2.38 for total; hazard ratio 1.90, 95% confidence interval 1.19-3.03 for women). CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that shorter sleep duration was associated with a higher risk of incident disability among older Japanese people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 945-949.

Dietary patterns and abnormal glucose tolerance among Japanese: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2012.
Emiko Okada, Kunihiko Takahashi, Koshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Saeka Takabayashi, Mieko Nakamura, Satoshi Sasaki, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hidemi Takimoto
Public health nutrition, 22, 13, 2460, 2468, 2019年09月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have associated dietary patterns with diabetes risk in Western countries, but such studies among the Japanese population are scarce. The present study aimed to investigate dietary patterns associated with abnormal glucose tolerance determined by elevated glycated Hb (HbA1c) levels. DESIGN: The 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS) database was used for the cross-sectional study. Dietary patterns were analysed by factor analysis of twenty-five food items from the dietary intake survey and household-based semi-weighed dietary records. OR and 95 % CI for elevated HbA1c levels (≥6·5 %) according to dietary patterns were estimated using logistic regression models. SETTING: Japan. PARTICIPANTS: The study population comprised 9550 Japanese aged ≥40 years registered in the nationwide NHNS. RESULTS: Three dietary patterns were identified: (i) high-bread and low-rice; (ii) high-meat and low-fish; and (iii) vegetable. The high-bread and low-rice pattern, characterised by high frequent consumption of bread, milk and dairy products, and fruits, and low rice intake, was associated with marginally decreased prevalence of elevated HbA1c levels (Ptrend=0·047). The vegetable pattern, characterised by vegetables, mushrooms, soyabeans and soybean products, was significantly inversely associated with elevated HbA1c levels (4th v. 1st quartile: multivariable OR=0·68; 95 % CI 0·49, 0·95; Ptrend=0·007). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the vegetable pattern is associated with decreased prevalence of elevated HbA1c levels among Japanese.

Association between educational level and total and cause-specific mortality: a pooled analysis of over 694 000 individuals in the Asia Cohort Consortium.
Keming Yang, Ying Zhang, Eiko Saito, Md Shafiur Rahman, Prakash Chandra Gupta, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yu-Tang Gao, Woon-Puay Koh, Xiao-Ou Shu, Ichiro Tsuji, Atsuko Sadakane, Chisato Nagata, San-Lin You, Jian-Min Yuan, Myung-Hee Shin, Yu Chen, Wen-Harn Pan, Mangesh S Pednekar, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hui Cai, Yong-Bing Xiang, Kotaro Ozasa, Yasutake Tomata, Seiki Kanemura, Yumi Sugawara, Keiko Wada, Renwei Wang, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Keun-Young Yoo, Habibul Ahsan, Kee Seng Chia, Paolo Boffetta, Daehee Kang, John D Potter, Manami Inoue, Wei Zheng, Hongmei Nan
BMJ open, 9, 8, e026225, 2019年08月22日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: To study the association of educational level and risk of death from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer among Asian populations. DESIGN: A pooled analysis of 15 population-based cohort studies. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: 694 434 Asian individuals from 15 prospective cohorts within the Asia Cohort Consortium. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: HRs and 95% CIs for all-cause mortality, as well as for CVD-specific mortality and cancer-specific mortality. RESULTS: A total of 694 434 participants (mean age at baseline=53.2 years) were included in the analysis. During a mean follow-up period of 12.5 years, 103 023 deaths were observed, among which 33 939 were due to cancer and 34 645 were due to CVD. Higher educational levels were significantly associated with lower risk of death from all causes compared with a low educational level (≤primary education); HRs and 95% CIs for secondary education, trade/technical education and ≥university education were 0.88 (0.85 to 0.92), 0.81 (0.73 to 0.90) and 0.71 (0.63 to 0.80), respectively (ptrend=0.002). Similarly, HRs (95% CIs) were 0.93 (0.89 to 0.97), 0.86 (0.78 to 0.94) and 0.81 (0.73 to 0.89) for cancer death, and 0.88 (0.83 to 0.93), 0.77 (0.66 to 0.91) and 0.67 (0.58 to 0.77) for CVD death with increasing levels of education (both ptrend <0.01). The pattern of the association among East Asians and South Asians was similar compared with ≤primary education; HR (95% CI) for all-cause mortality associated with ≥university education was 0.72 (0.63 to 0.81) among 539 724 East Asians (Chinese, Japanese and Korean) and 0.61 (0.54 to 0.69) among 154 710 South Asians (Indians and Bangladeshis). CONCLUSION: Higher educational level was associated with substantially lower risk of death among Asian populations.

Fish intake and risk of mortality due to aortic dissection and aneurysm: A pooled analysis of the Japan cohort consortium.
Yamagishi K, Iso H, Shimazu T, Tamakoshi A, Sawada N, Matsuo K, Ito H, Wakai K, Nakayama T, Kitamura Y, Sado J, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Mizoue T, Inoue M, Nagata C, Sadakane A, Tanaka K, Tsugane S, Sasazuki S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 38, 4, 1678, 1683, Elsevier BV, 2019年08月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Smoking and Pancreatic Cancer Incidence: A Pooled Analysis of 10 Population-Based Cohort Studies in Japan.
Yuriko N Koyanagi, Hidemi Ito, Keitaro Matsuo, Yumi Sugawara, Akihisa Hidaka, Norie Sawada, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yingsong Lin, Taro Takeuchi, Yuri Kitamura, Mai Utada, Atsuko Sadakane, Tetsuya Mizoue, Mariko Naito, Keitaro Tanaka, Taichi Shimazu, Shoichiro Tsugane, Manami Inoue
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 28, 8, 1370, 1378, 2019年08月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Detailed prospective evaluation of cigarette smoking associated with pancreatic cancer risk in large Asian populations is limited. The aim of this study was to examine this association in a Japanese population, with a particular focus on evaluating sex differences. METHODS: We performed a pooled analysis of 10 population-based cohort studies. We calculated study-specific HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox proportional hazards regression, and then estimated summary HRs by pooling these estimates with a random effects model. RESULTS: During 4,695,593 person-years of follow-up in 354,154 participants, 1,779 incident pancreatic cancer cases were identified. We observed an increased pancreatic cancer risk for current smoking compared with never smoking in both males [HR (95% CI), 1.59 (1.32-1.91)] and females [HR (95% CI), 1.81 (1.43-2.30)]. Significant risk elevations for former smoking and small cumulative dose of ≤20 pack-years (PY) were observed only among females, regardless of environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Trend analysis indicated significant 6% and nonsignificant 6% increases in pancreatic cancer risk for every 10 PYs in males and females, respectively. Risk became comparable with never smokers after 5 years of smoking cessation in males. In females, however, we observed no risk attenuation by smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the well-known association between smoking and pancreatic cancer and indicates potential sex differences in a Japanese population. Quitting smoking would be beneficial for pancreatic cancer prevention, especially in males. IMPACT: Pancreatic cancer risk is increased with cumulative smoking exposure and decreased with smoking cessation, with potential sex differences.

Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated with Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality but Not with Cancer Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Japanese Adults.
Emiko Okada, Toru Shirakawa, Nitin Shivappa, Kenji Wakai, Koji Suzuki, Chigusa Date, Hiroyasu Iso, James R Hébert, Akiko Tamakoshi
The Journal of nutrition, 149, 8, 1451, 1459, 2019年08月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is a comprehensive, literature-derived index for assessing the effect of dietary constituents on inflammatory biomarkers. Several studies have shown an association between DII score and mortality, but there are limited prospective studies in Asian populations. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between DII score and risk of all-cause, total cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), total cancer, digestive cancer, and noncancer/non-CVD mortality in the Japanese population. METHODS: A total of 58,782 Japanese participants aged 40-79 y who were enrolled in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study during 1988-1990 were included in the analysis. DII scores were calculated based on a food-frequency questionnaire. HRs and 95% CIs for mortality according to DII quintiles were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: During the median follow-up period of 19.3 y, a total of 11,693 participants died. The multivariable HR for all-cause mortality for the highest compared with the lowest DII quintiles was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.21). For CVD mortality, the highest multivariable HRs were 1.30 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.49), 1.29 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.59), and 1.30 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.76) for total CVD, stroke, and CHD, respectively. No significant associations were observed between DII and risk of total cancer, digestive cancer, and noncancer/non-CVD mortality. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that a higher DII was associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among Japanese adults.

Association of BMI, smoking and alcohol with multiple myeloma mortality in Asians: a pooled analysis of more than 800,000 participants in the Asia Cohort Consortium.
Ugai T, Ito H, Oze I, Saito E, Rahman MS, Boffetta P, Gupta PC, Sawada N, Tamakoshi A, Shu XO, Koh WP, Gao YT, Sadakane A, Tsuji I, Park SK, Nagata C, You SL, Pednekar MS, Tsugane S, Cai H, Yuan JM, Xiang YB, Ozasa K, Tomata Y, Kanemura S, Sugawara Y, Wada K, Chen CJ, Yoo KY, Chia KS, Ahsan H, Zheng W, Inoue M, Kang D, Potter JD, Matsuo K
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 28, 11, 1861, 1867, 2019年08月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: To date, few epidemiologic studies have been conducted to elucidate lifestyle-related risk factors for multiple myeloma in Asia. We investigated the association of body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol intake with the risk of multiple myeloma mortality through a pooled analysis of more than 800,000 participants in the Asia Cohort Consortium. METHODS: The analysis included 805,309 participants contributing 10,221,623 person-years of accumulated follow-up across Asia Cohort Consortium cohorts. HRs and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between BMI, smoking, and alcohol at baseline and the risk of multiple myeloma mortality were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model with shared frailty. RESULTS: We observed a statistically significant dose-dependent association between BMI categories and the risk of multiple myeloma mortality (<18.5 kg/m2: HR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.52-1.24; 18.5-24.9 kg/m2: reference; 25.0-29.9 kg/m2: HR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.94-1.47; ≥30 kg/m2: HR = 1.61, 95% CI: 0.99-2.64, P trend = 0.014). By sex, this association was more apparent in women than in men (P for heterogeneity between sexes = 0.150). We observed no significant associations between smoking or alcohol consumption and risk of multiple myeloma mortality. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that excess body mass is associated with an increased risk of multiple myeloma mortality among Asian populations. In contrast, our results do not support an association between smoking or alcohol consumption and the risk of multiple myeloma mortality in Asian populations. IMPACT: This study provides important evidence on the association of BMI, smoking, and alcohol with the risk of multiple myeloma mortality in Asian populations.

Blood pressure levels and risk of cardiovascular disease mortality among Japanese men and women: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study).
Kazumasa Yamagishi, Shinobu Sawachi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal of hypertension, 37, 7, 1366, 1371, 2019年07月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of blood pressure (BP) with cardiovascular mortality in real-world settings and investigate whether that association varied by use of antihypertensive medication at baseline. METHODS: Data from 27 728 Japanese men and women, aged 40-79 years, free of stroke, coronary heart disease, cancer, and kidney disease at entry (1988-1990) were used in this study. Mortality surveillance was completed through 2009, resulting in 449 800 person-years of follow-up. Hazard ratios for cardiovascular mortality were analysed by BP category (based on 2018 European guidelines) at admission. RESULTS: There were 1477 deaths from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Relative to high-normal BP at admission, the multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of CVD were 0.85 (0.69-1.04) for optimal BP; 0.96 (0.81-1.15) for normal BP; 1.26 (1.09-1.46) for Grade 1 hypertension; and 1.55 (1.31-1.84) for Grade 2-3 hypertension. A similar linear association was observed among persons not taking antihypertensive medication at admission. Among patients treated for hypertension, a U-shaped association with CVD mortality was observed; hazard ratios = 2.31 (1.25-4.27), 1.68 (1.05-2.69), 1.56 (1.10-2.22), and 1.63 (1.13-2.36), respectively. Similar patterns were observed for stroke and coronary heart disease, although not always statistically significant. CONCLUSION: BP categories at baseline were linearly and positively associated with CVD mortality overall and also among participants not taking antihypertensive medication. A higher risk of mortality from CVD was observed among patients already treated for hypertension with optimal and normal BPs than those with high-normal BP, suggesting the importance of careful monitoring of BP and comorbidities of such patients.

Associations of Daily Walking Time With Pneumonia Mortality Among Elderly Individuals With or Without a Medical History of Myocardial Infarction or Stroke: Findings From the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Shigekazu Ukawa, Wenjing Zhao, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Naohito Tanabe, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 29, 6, 233, 237, 2019年06月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: The association between daily walking and pneumonia mortality, stratified by the presence of disease conditions, such as myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke, was investigated. METHODS: The study participants were 22,280 Japanese individuals (9,067 men and 13,213 women) aged 65-79 years. Inverse propensity weighted competing risk model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for pneumonia mortality. RESULTS: After a median of 11.9 years of follow-up, 1,203 participants died of pneumonia. Participants who did not have a history of MI or stroke and who walked for 1 hour/day or more were less likely to die from pneumonia (HR 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.98) than those walked for 0.5 hours/day. A similar inverse association of pneumonia and walking (0.5 hours/day) was observed among participants with a history of MI (HR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.48-0.90). Among the participants with a history of stroke, those who walked for 0.6-0.9 hours/day were less likely to die because of pneumonia (HR 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43-0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Regular walking for ≥1 hour/day may reduce the risk of pneumonia mortality in elderly individuals with or without cardiovascular disease history.

Coffee consumption and mortality in Japanese men and women: A pooled analysis of eight population-based cohort studies in Japan (Japan Cohort Consortium).
Sarah Krull Abe, Eiko Saito, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hidemi Ito, Yingsong Lin, Akiko Tamakoshi, Junya Sado, Yuri Kitamura, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Chisato Nagata, Atsuko Sadakane, Taichi Shimazu, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Matsuo, Mariko Naito, Keitaro Tanaka, Manami Inoue
Preventive medicine, 123, 270, 277, 2019年06月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Coffee consumption is increasing globally. We aimed to assess the effect of coffee consumption on the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a pooled analysis of eight population-based cohort studies in Japan (Japan Cohort Consortium). Data came from eight Japanese cohort studies (144,750 men and 168,631 women). During a mean follow-up time of 17 years, 52,943 deaths occurred. More specifically, 19,495 cancer deaths, 7321 deaths due to heart disease, 6387 cerebrovascular, 3490 respiratory disease and 3382 injuries and accidents. A random effects model was applied to obtain pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). In both sexes, coffee consumption up to 5 cups/day was overall protective in relation to all-cause mortality, with the association attenuating in the highest category of coffee consumption (≥5 cups/day). In men, a similar inverse association was observed for major causes of mortality except cancer. In women, coffee consumption decreased the risk for mortality due to heart disease in the 1-2 cups/day category, but increased the risk in the ≥5 cups/day category. Coffee consumption was not associated with cancer in both sexes. Results were similar among male current smokers and female never-smokers. Based on available data, this pooled analysis suggests that coffee consumption under five cups per day may be beneficial for reducing the risk of mortality due to major causes.

Among the water-soluble vitamins, dietary intakes of vitamins C, B2 and folate are associated with the reduced risk of diabetes in Japanese women but not men.
Ehab S Eshak, Hiroyasu Iso, Isao Muraki, Akiko Tamakoshi
The British journal of nutrition, 121, 12, 1357, 1364, 2019年06月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Recent studies have shown that micronutrients are involved in the pathology of type 2 diabetes. Antioxidant effects of vitamins C and B2 and homocysteine-lowering effects of vitamins B6, folate and B12 may have protective roles. However, a few reports have investigated the association between dietary water-soluble vitamin intakes and risk of diabetes. In a prospective study encompassing 19 168 healthy Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years, we examined the associations between dietary intakes of water-soluble vitamins, determined by a validated self-administered FFQ, with the risk of 5-year cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes by using the logistic regression model. Within the 5-year period, there were 494 self-reported new cases of diabetes. Higher dietary intakes of vitamins C, B2 and folate were associated with lower risk of incident diabetes only in women, whereas no associations of dietary intakes of vitamins B1, B3, B5, B6 and B12 were observed in either sex. The multivariable OR in the highest v. the lowest quartile of intakes among women were 0·61 (95 % CI 0·44, 0·94; P-trend = 0·04) for vitamin C, 0·56 (95 % CI 0·34, 0·93; P-trend = 0·03) for vitamin B2 and 0·70 (95 % CI 0·46, 0·98; P-trend = 0·03) for folate. Other than that for sex (P 0·10. In conclusion, higher dietary intakes of vitamins C, B2 and folate, but not other water-soluble vitamins, were associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes in Japanese women.

Lifestyle and psychosocial factors and a decline in competence in daily living among Japanese early elderly people: from an age-specified community-based cohort study (NISSIN project).
Satoe Okabayashi, Takashi Kawamura, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Kazuyo Tsushita, Hideki Ohira, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
Environmental health and preventive medicine, 24, 1, 28, 28, 2019年05月06日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: To let the early elderly live well, understanding how lifestyle and psychosocial factors related to a decline in competence in daily living is important. METHODS: We investigated the associations between lifestyle and psychosocial factors at age 64 years and a decline in the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence score of ≥ 2 points at age 70 years among the participants in comprehensive medical check-ups living in a city in Japan. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed separately for men and women. RESULTS: Of the 1113 eligible men and 1203 eligible women, 110 men and 80 women showed a deteriorated competence in daily living during the 6 years. In men, risk was increased with ≥ 2 nighttime awakenings (multivariable odds ratio [mOR] 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-3.86) and living alone (mOR 4.68, 95% CI 1.22-18.0), whereas risk was significantly decreased with a medium or fast gait (mOR 0.37 and 0.21, 95% CI 0.21-0.67 and 0.08-0.58) and high academic achievement (mOR 0.32 and 0.43, 95% CI 0.19-0.53 and 0.25-0.72). In women, risk was decreased with high life satisfaction (mOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.91) and participation in community activities (mOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.86) but increased with depressive mood (mOR 1.86, 95% CI 1.09-3.18). CONCLUSION: Living alone for men and low life satisfaction for women at age 64 years were markedly associated with the risk of a subsequent declining competence in daily living.

Association of gamma-glutamyl transferase and alanine aminotransferase with type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence in middle-aged Japanese men: 12-year follow up.
Kaneko K, Yatsuya H, Li Y, Uemura M, Chiang C, Hirakawa Y, Ota A, Tamakoshi K, Aoyama A
Journal of diabetes investigation, 10, 3, 837, 845, 2019年05月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To prospectively investigate whether simultaneous elevation of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is associated with the increase of type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence independent of alcohol drinking, body mass index and triglycerides. METHODS: A total of 2,775 Japanese male workers who had no history of type 2 diabetes mellitus were followed. High GGT and ALT were defined as the top tertiles (GGT cutpoint: 49 IU/L, ALT cutpoint: 28 IU/L). Three groups were created using these dichotomized GGT and ALT cutpoints: both low, either high or both high. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were carried out adjusted for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: A total of 276 type 2 diabetes mellitus cases were identified during 12 years (27,040 person-years) of follow up. Participants with simultaneously elevated GGT and ALT had a significantly higher incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, even after adjustment for fasting insulin and fasting blood glucose compared with the group without GGT or ALT elevation. Similar associations were observed in non- or light-to-moderate alcohol drinkers, as well as in participants with normal weight. However, the association was weaker in participants with triglycerides <150 mg/dL. We then evaluated whether the addition of GGT and ALT would improve the prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence, and found that their inclusion significantly increased the C-statistic, net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous elevation of GGT and ALT was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence, independent of potential confounding factors, including alcohol drinking and obesity, although the association might require concomitant elevation of triglycerides. Inclusion of GGT and ALT improved type 2 diabetes mellitus risk prediction.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and poor sleep quality in a Japanese population: the DOSANCO Health Study.
Koshi Nakamura, Shu-Ping Hui, Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Takafumi Nakagawa, Hiroaki Okabe, Zhen Chen, Yusuke Miura, Hitoshi Chiba, Akiko Tamakoshi
Sleep medicine, 57, 135, 140, Elsevier, 2019年05月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: The present cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D3) levels and the presence of poor sleep quality in a community-based Japanese adult population. METHODS: Poor sleep quality, defined as poor subjective sleep quality and/or use of sleep medications, was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was compared among 512 Japanese participants aged 35-79 years, based on serum 25(OH)D3 levels, which were determined using tandem mass spectrometry. A logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) for the presence of poor sleep quality in each group with the highest quartile of 25(OH)D3 serving as the reference group. RESULTS: Poor sleep quality was reported by 33.2% of the total study population. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was higher in the first quartile group (25[OH]D3: 2.08-18.13 ng/mL) than in the second, third and fourth quartile groups (18.14-23.07 ng/mL, 23.08-28.32 ng/mL, and 28.33-78.83 ng/mL, respectively). The ORs for poor sleep quality were 1.86 (95% confidence interval, 1.08-3.20) for the first quartile group, 0.73 (0.41-1.29) for the second quartile group, and 0.73 (0.42-1.27) for the third quartile group after adjusting for age, sex, and sociodemographic, lifestyle, physical and environmental factors, while the ORs were 1.68 (0.96-2.95), 0.69 (0.39-1.24), and 0.65 (0.37-1.15) after further adjustment for overall health status and depression status. CONCLUSIONS: The first quartile group of serum 25(OH)D3 was associated with the presence of poor sleep quality.

Association Between Maternal Serum Folate Concentrations in the First Trimester and the Risk of Birth Defects: The Hokkaido Study of Environment and Children's Health.
Kumiko Ito, Tomoyuki Hanaoka, Naomi Tamura, Seiko Sasaki, Chihiro Miyashita, Atsuko Araki, Sachiko Ito, Hisanori Minakami, Kazutoshi Cho, Toshiaki Endo, Tsuyoshi Baba, Toshinobu Miyamoto, Kazuo Sengoku, Akiko Tamakoshi, Reiko Kishi
Journal of epidemiology, 29, 4, 164, 171, 2019年04月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Low red blood cell folate concentrations during early pregnancy might cause neural tube defects. However, the association between folate concentrations and birth defects of other neural crest cell-derived organs remains unknown. We investigated the associations between birth defects and first-trimester serum folate concentrations in a birth-cohort study in Japan. METHODS: In total, 14,896 women who were prior to 13 weeks of gestation were enrolled from 2003 through 2012. Birth defect information was obtained from medical records and questionnaires. The association between folate levels in the first trimester and birth defects categorized as ICD-10 cord defects and neural crest cell-derived organ defects was examined. The crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) per log-transformed folate concentration were calculated using logistic regression. RESULTS: Blood samples were obtained at a mean of 10.8 weeks of gestation. Median serum folate level was 16.5 (interquartile range, 13.4-21.5) nmol/L, and the deficiency level (less than 6.8 nmol/L) was 0.7%. There were 358 infants with birth defects. The adjusted odds ratio for any birth defect, ventricular septal defects, and cleft lip was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.74-1.32), 0.63 (95% CI, 0.30-1.33), and 4.10 (95% CI, 0.96-17.58), respectively. There were no significant associations between first-trimester maternal serum folate and the risk of birth defects. CONCLUSIONS: We were unable to demonstrate a relationship between maternal serum folate in the first trimester and birth defects. Potential confounding factors may have influenced our results.

Association of Diabetes With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Asia: A Pooled Analysis of More Than 1 Million Participants.
Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Wanqing Wen, Eiko Saito, Shafiur Rahman, Xiao-Ou Shu, Yu Chen, Prakash C Gupta, Dongfeng Gu, Shoichiro Tsugane, Yong-Bing Xiang, Yu-Tang Gao, Jian-Min Yuan, Akiko Tamakoshi, Fujiko Irie, Atsuko Sadakane, Yasutake Tomata, Seiki Kanemura, Ichiro Tsuji, Keitaro Matsuo, Chisato Nagata, Chien-Jen Chen, Woon-Puay Koh, Myung-Hee Shin, Sue K Park, Pei-Ei Wu, You-Lin Qiao, Mangesh S Pednekar, Jiang He, Norie Sawada, Hong-Lan Li, Jing Gao, Hui Cai, Renwei Wang, Toshimi Sairenchi, Eric Grant, Yumi Sugawara, Shu Zhang, Hidemi Ito, Keiko Wada, Chen-Yang Shen, Wen-Harn Pan, Yoon-Ok Ahn, San-Lin You, Jin-Hu Fan, Keun-Young Yoo, Habibul Ashan, Kee Seng Chia, Paolo Boffetta, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang, John D Potter, Wei Zheng
JAMA network open, 2, 4, e192696, 2019年04月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Importance: Asia is home to the largest diabetic populations in the world. However, limited studies have quantified the association of diabetes with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Asian populations. Objectives: To evaluate the association of diabetes with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Asia and to investigate potential effect modifications of the diabetes-mortality associations by participants' age, sex, education level, body mass index, and smoking status. Design, Setting, and Participants: This pooled analysis incorporated individual participant data from 22 prospective cohort studies of the Asia Cohort Consortium conducted between 1963 and 2006. A total of 1 002 551 Asian individuals (from mainland China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, India, and Bangladesh) were followed up for more than 3 years. Cohort-specific hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for all-cause and cause-specific mortality were estimated using Cox regression models and then pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Analysis was conducted between January 10, 2018, and August 31, 2018. Exposures: Doctor-diagnosed diabetes, age, sex, education level, body mass index, and smoking status. Main Outcomes and Measures: All-cause and cause-specific mortality. Results: Of 1 002 551 participants (518 537 [51.7%] female; median [range] age, 54.0 [30.0-98.0] years), 148 868 deaths were ascertained during a median (range) follow-up of 12.6 (3.0-38.9) years. The overall prevalence of diabetes reported at baseline was 4.8% for men and 3.6% for women. Patients with diabetes had a 1.89-fold risk of all-cause death compared with patients without diabetes (hazard ratio [HR], 1.89; 95% CI, 1.74-2.04), with the highest relative risk of death due to diabetes itself (HR, 22.8; 95% CI, 18.5-28.1), followed by renal disease (HR, 3.08; 95% CI, 2.50-3.78), coronary heart disease (HR, 2.57; 95% CI, 2.19-3.02), and ischemic stroke (HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.85-2.51). The adverse diabetes-mortality associations were more evident among women (HR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.89-2.32) than among men (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.62-1.88) (P for interaction < .001) and more evident among adults aged 30 to 49 years (HR, 2.43; 95% CI, 2.08-2.84) than among adults aged 70 years and older (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.40-1.62) (P for interaction < .001). A similar pattern of association was found between diabetes and cause-specific mortality, with significant variations noted by sex and age. Conclusions and Relevance: This study found that diabetes was associated with increased risk of death from several diseases among Asian populations. Development and implementation of diabetes management programs are urgently needed to reduce the burden of diabetes in Asia.

Fat-soluble vitamins from diet in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japanese population.
Ehab S Eshak, Hiroyasu Iso, Isao Muraki, Akiko Tamakoshi
The British journal of nutrition, 121, 6, 647, 653, 2019年03月28日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The role of fat-soluble vitamins in the pathology of type 2 diabetes needs further research. Possible protective effects could be expected for vitamins A and E via their antioxidant properties, vitamin K via its modulating effects on cytokines and insulin resistance and vitamin D via the enhancement of insulin sensitivity. However, the evidence on association between fat-soluble vitamins from diet and risk of diabetes is limited. Therefore, among 19 168 healthy Japanese of both sexes aged 40-79 years, we used the logistic regression analyses to examine the prospective association between FFQ-estimated dietary fat-soluble vitamins (A, K, E and D) and the risk of type 2 diabetes incident over a 5-year period. During this 5-year period, 494 new cases of diabetes were self-reported. Vitamins K and E from diet were associated with lowered risk of incident diabetes, whereas no associations with dietary intake of vitamin A or D were observed. The multivariable OR in the highest v. lowest quartiles of intakes were 0·71 (95 % CI 0·54, 0·93, Ptrend=0·01) for vitamin K and 0·72 (95 % CI 0·55, 0·95, Ptrend=0·02) for vitamin E. Mutual adjustment for dietary intake of these vitamins did not change the association. There were no interactions with sex, age, smoking status, BMI or having a family history of diabetes, P were >0·10. In conclusion, higher dietary intake of fat-soluble vitamins K and E, but not vitamin A or D, were associated with lowered risk of type 2 diabetes among Japanese population.

Determination of total, free and esterified short-chain fatty acid in human serum by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Zhen Chen, Yue Wu, Rojeet Shrestha, Zijun Gao, Yaoyao Zhao, Yusuke Miura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hitoshi Chiba, Shu-Ping Hui
Annals of clinical biochemistry, 56, 2, 190, 197, {SAGE} Publications, 2019年03月23日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Short-chain fatty acids are primarily absorbed through the portal vein during lipid digestion, which is utilized as the energy source, as well as prevent type 2 diabetes and some cancers. However, reports on the determination of these short-chain fatty acids in human serum are limited. METHODS: Blood samples from human subjects ( n = 547, male/female = 246/301, age 58.85 ± 12.57) were collected. Saponification was applied to obtain total fatty acid. After derivatization by 2-nitrophenylhydrazine, fatty acid 4:0 and fatty acid 6:0 were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: The developed method exhibited good linearity (R2 = 0.9996 for both). All the coefficients of variation of reproducibility and accuracy for fatty acid 4:0 and fatty acid 6:0 ranged 3.0%-6.1%, with the average recoveries of 87.8%-102.4% and 92.2%-98.2%, respectively. In all the samples, the concentration of fatty acid 4:0 (162.4 ± 76.4 μmol/L) was significantly higher than fatty acid 6:0 (2.0 ± 2.5 μmol/L, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the esterified form was predominant in both fatty acid 4:0 and fatty acid 6:0 (98.2% and 82.4% of total fatty acids, respectively). Besides, short-chain fatty acids showed no significant differences with regard to sex or age differences. CONCLUSION: This developed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method is convenient and reliable, which might be useful for monitoring the variations of short-chain fatty acids in blood.

The Prospective Association Between Plasma Concentrations of Cellular Growth Factors and Risk of Heart Failure Mortality in Japanese Population.
Ehab S Eshak, Koutatsu Maruyama, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 29, 3, 104, 109, 2019年03月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Limited evidence is available on the association of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and risk of heart failure in population-based samples. We investigated whether serum IGFs concentrations can predict mortality from heart failure. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study of 39,242 subjects aged 40-79 years who participated in the JACC study, a large Japanese prospective cohort study; participants provided serum samples and were followed up for 9 years. In heart failure cases and age-, sex-, community-, and year of blood withdrawal-matched controls, we measured serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and transforming growth factor (TGF-β1). RESULTS: During the follow-up, there were 88 heart failure deaths (44 men and 44 women). Each increment of 1 standard deviation [SD] of IGF-II (120.0 ng/mL in women and 143.7 ng/mL in men) was associated with a 47% reduced risk of mortality from heart failure; multivariable odds ratio was 0.53 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30-0.94, P-trend = 0.03). The multivariable odds ratio in the highest quartile of IGFBP3 serum concentrations (≥3.29 µg/mL in women and ≥3.31 µg/mL in men) compared with the lowest (<2.11 µg/mL in women and <2.56 µg/mL in men) was 0.24 (95% CI, 0.05-1.11; P-trend = 0.12). No association was found between serum concentrations of IGF-I or TGF-β1 and risk of heart failure. CONCLUSIONS: Higher serum concentrations of IGF-II were associated with lower mortality from heart failure, which might suggest a possible role of IGF-II in the occurrence or prognosis of heart failure.

Tobacco Smoking and Mortality in Asia: A Pooled Meta-analysis.
Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Wanqing Wen, Xiao-Ou Shu, Eiko Saito, Shafiur Rahman, Prakash C Gupta, Jiang He, Shoichiro Tsugane, Yong-Bing Xiang, Yu-Tang Gao, Woon-Puay Koh, Akiko Tamakoshi, Fujiko Irie, Atsuko Sadakane, Ichiro Tsuji, Seiki Kanemura, Keitaro Matsuo, Chisato Nagata, Chien-Jen Chen, Jian-Min Yuan, Myung-Hee Shin, Sue K Park, Wen-Harn Pan, You-Lin Qiao, Mangesh S Pednekar, Dongfeng Gu, Norie Sawada, Hong-Lan Li, Jing Gao, Hui Cai, Eric Grant, Yasutake Tomata, Yumi Sugawara, Hidemi Ito, Keiko Wada, Chen-Yang Shen, Renwei Wang, Yoon-Ok Ahn, San-Lin You, Keun-Young Yoo, Habibul Ashan, Kee Seng Chia, Paolo Boffetta, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang, John D Potter, Wei Zheng
JAMA network open, 2, 3, e191474, 2019年03月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Importance: Understanding birth cohort-specific tobacco smoking patterns and their association with total and cause-specific mortality is important for projecting future deaths due to tobacco smoking across Asian populations. Objectives: To assess secular trends of tobacco smoking by countries or regions and birth cohorts and evaluate the consequent mortality in Asian populations. Design, Setting, and Participants: This pooled meta-analysis was based on individual participant data from 20 prospective cohort studies participating in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Between September 1, 2017, and March 31, 2018, a total of 1 002 258 Asian individuals 35 years or older were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and random-effects meta-analysis. The pooled results were presented for mainland China; Japan; Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan; and India. Exposures: Tobacco use status, age at starting smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day, and age at quitting smoking. Main Outcomes and Measures: Country or region and birth cohort-specific mortality and the population attributable risk for deaths from all causes and from lung cancer. Results: Of 1 002 258 participants (51.1% women and 48.9% men; mean [SD] age at baseline, 54.6 [10.4] years), 144 366 deaths (9158 deaths from lung cancer) were ascertained during a mean (SD) follow-up of 11.7 (5.3) years. Smoking prevalence for men steadily increased in China and India, whereas it plateaued in Japan and Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan. Among Asian male smokers, the mean age at starting smoking decreased in successive birth cohorts, while the mean number of cigarettes smoked per day increased. These changes were associated with an increasing relative risk of death in association with current smoking in successive birth cohorts of pre-1920, 1920s, and 1930 or later, with hazard ratios for all-cause mortality of 1.26 (95% CI, 1.17-1.37) for the pre-1920 birth cohort, 1.47 (95% CI, 1.35-1.61) for the 1920s birth cohort, and 1.70 (95% CI, 1.57-1.84) for the cohort born in 1930 or later. The hazard ratios for lung cancer mortality were 3.38 (95% CI, 2.25-5.07) for the pre-1920 birth cohort, 4.74 (95% CI, 3.56-6.32) for the 1920s birth cohort, and 4.80 (95% CI, 3.71-6.19) for the cohort born in 1930 or later. Tobacco smoking accounted for 12.5% (95% CI, 8.4%-16.3%) of all-cause mortality in the pre-1920 birth cohort, 21.1% (95% CI, 17.3%-24.9%) of all-cause mortality in the 1920s birth cohort, and 29.3% (95% CI, 26.0%-32.3%) of all-cause mortality for the cohort born in 1930 or later. Tobacco smoking among men accounted for 56.6% (95% CI, 44.7%-66.3%) of lung cancer mortality in the pre-1920 birth cohort, 66.6% (95% CI, 58.3%-73.5%) of lung cancer mortality in the 1920s birth cohort, and 68.4% (95% CI, 61.3%-74.4%) of lung cancer mortality for the cohort born in 1930 or later. For women, tobacco smoking patterns and lung cancer mortality varied substantially by countries and regions. Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, mortality associated with tobacco smoking continued to increase among Asian men in recent birth cohorts, indicating that tobacco smoking will remain a major public health problem in most Asian countries in the coming decades. Implementing comprehensive tobacco-control programs is warranted to end the tobacco epidemic.

Sleep duration and risk of breast cancer: The JACC Study.
Jinhong Cao, Ehab S Eshak, Keyang Liu, Isao Muraki, Renzhe Cui, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
Breast cancer research and treatment, 174, 1, 219, 225, 2019年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: The evidence on beneficial or adverse effects of sleep duration on risk of breast cancer remains controversial and limited, especially in Asia. METHODS: A prospective study of 34,350 women aged 40-79 years in whom sleep duration, and menstrual and reproductive histories were determined by a self-administered questionnaire. The follow-up period was from 1988 to 2009, and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer incidence were calculated for shorter sleep duration in reference to sleep duration of ≥ 8 h/day by Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: During 19.2-year median follow-up (236 cases), we found a significant inverse association between sleep duration and risk of breast cancer, especially among postmenopausal women and women with low parity (nulliparous and women with < 3 children); the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) among postmenopausal women who reported 7 h/day and ≤ 6 h/day of sleep in reference to ≥ 8 h/day were 1.49 (0.81-2.76) and 1.98 (1.08-3.70) (P for trend = 0.028), respectively, and the corresponding values among women with low parity were 1.50 (0.96-2.35) and 1.76 (1.01-2.79) (P for trend = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Short sleep duration was associated with increased risk of incident breast cancer, especially among postmenopausal women and women with low parity.

Lifetime Risk of Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease Deaths According to Blood Pressure Level: EPOCH-JAPAN (Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention From Observational Cohorts in Japan)
Satoh Michihiro, Ohkubo Takayoshi, Asayama Kei, Murakami Yoshitaka, Sugiyama Daisuke, Yamada Michiko, Saitoh Shigeyuki, Sakata Kiyomi, Irie Fujiko, Sairenchi Toshimi, Ishikawa Shizukiyo, Kiyama Masahiko, Ohnishi Hirofumi, Miura Katsuyuki, Imai Yutaka, Ueshima Hirotsugu, Okamura Tomonori, Iso Hiroyasu, Kitamura Akihiko, Ninomiya Toshiharu, Kiyohara Yutaka, Nakagawa Hideaki, Nakayama Takeo, Okayama Akira, Sairenchi Toshimi, Tamakoshi Akiko, Tsuji Ichiro, Miyamoto Yoshihiro, Ishikawa Shizukiyo, Yatsuya Hiroshi, Okamura Tomonori
HYPERTENSION, 73, 1, 52, 59, 2019年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Lifetime risk (LTR) provides an absolute risk assessment during the remainder of one’s life. Few studies have focused on the LTRs of stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD), categorized by fine blood pressure in Asian populations. We aimed to assess it using a large database of a meta-analysis with the individual participant data. The present metaanalysis included 107 737 Japanese (42.4% men; mean age, 55.1 years) from 13 cohorts. During the mean follow-up of 15.2±5.3 years (1 559 136 person-years), 1922 died from stroke and 913 from CHD. We estimated risks after adjusting for competing risk of death other than the outcome of interest. The 10-year risk of stroke and CHD deaths at index age of 35 years was ≤1.9% and ≤0.3%, respectively. The LTRs of stroke death at the index age of 35 years (men/women) were 6.1%/4.8% for optimal, 5.7%/6.3% for normal, and 6.6%/6.0% for high-normal blood pressure groups, and 9.1%/7.9% for grade 1, 14.5%/10.3% for grade 2, and 14.6%/14.3% for grade 3 hypertension groups. The LTRs of CHD death similarly elevated with an increase in blood pressure but were lower (≤7.2%) than those of stroke death. In conclusion, blood pressure was clearly associated with an elevated LTR of stroke or CHD death, although the LTR of CHD death was one-half of that of stroke death in an Asian population. These results would help young people with hypertension to adopt a healthy lifestyle or start antihypertensive therapy early.

Cigarette smoking and cervical cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review and meta-analysis among Japanese women.
Sugawara Y, Tsuji I, Mizoue T, Inoue M, Sawada N, Matsuo K, Ito H, Naito M, Nagata C, Kitamura Y, Sadakane A, Tanaka K, Tamakoshi A, Tsugane S, Shimazu T, Research Group for the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 49, 1, 77, 86, 2019年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Television viewing time, walking time, and risk of type 2 diabetes in Japanese men and women: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Satoyo Ikehara, Hiroyasu Iso, Koutatsu Maruyama, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
Preventive medicine, 118, 118, 220, 225, 2019年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We examined the effect of television viewing and walking on the risk of type 2 diabetes among an Asian population. A total of 25,240 participants (9786 men and 15,454 women) aged 40-79 years, with no history of diabetes, stroke, coronary heart disease, or cancer at the baseline (1988-1990) and who have completed the 5-year follow-up questionnaire were included. During the 5-year follow-up, 778 new cases of type 2 diabetes were reported (397 men and 381 women). Television viewing time was positively associated with risk of type 2 diabetes (p for trend = 0.01). The multivariable OR (95% CI) for ≥5 h/day versus <2 h/day television viewing was 1.51 (1.03-2.19) in women and 1.06 (0.71-1.59) in men (p for interaction = 0.82). Walking time was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk in a fully adjusted model (p for trend = 0.02). The multivariable OR for type 2 diabetes of ≥1 h/day walking time was 0.87 (0.71-1.06) compared with 0.5 h/day walking time. The inverse association was found in men (p for trend = 0.02), but not in women (p for trend = 0.38) (p for interaction = 0.36). The multivariable OR for type 2 diabetes of <5 h/day television viewing and ≥1 h/day walking times was 0.72 (0.55-0.94) in fully adjusted model compared with ≥5 h/day television viewing and <1 h/day walking times. Limiting television viewing time and increasing walking time may reduce risk of type 2 diabetes among Japanese.

Circulating isoflavone and lignan concentrations and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis of individual participant data from seven prospective studies including 2,828 cases and 5,593 controls.
Aurora Perez-Cornago, Paul N Appleby, Heiner Boeing, Leire Gil, Cecilie Kyrø, Fulvio Ricceri, Neil Murphy, Antonia Trichopoulou, Konstantinos K Tsilidis, Kay-Tee Khaw, Robert N Luben, Randi E Gislefoss, Hilde Langseth, Isabel Drake, Emily Sonestedt, Peter Wallström, Pär Stattin, Anders Johansson, Rikard Landberg, Lena Maria Nilsson, Kotaro Ozasa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Kazuya Mikami, Tatsuhiko Kubo, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Timothy J Key, Naomi E Allen, Ruth C Travis
International journal of cancer, 143, 11, 2677, 2686, 2018年12月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Phytoestrogens may influence prostate cancer development. This study aimed to examine the association between prediagnostic circulating concentrations of isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, equol) and lignans (enterolactone and enterodiol) and the risk of prostate cancer. Individual participant data were available from seven prospective studies (two studies from Japan with 241 cases and 503 controls and five studies from Europe with 2,828 cases and 5,593 controls). Because of the large difference in circulating isoflavone concentrations between Japan and Europe, analyses of the associations of isoflavone concentrations and prostate cancer risk were evaluated separately. Prostate cancer risk by study-specific fourths of circulating concentrations of each phytoestrogen was estimated using multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression. In men from Japan, those with high compared to low circulating equol concentrations had a lower risk of prostate cancer (multivariable-adjusted OR for upper quartile [Q4] vs. Q1 = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.39-0.97), although there was no significant trend (OR per 75 percentile increase = 0.69, 95 CI = 0.46-1.05, ptrend = 0.085); Genistein and daidzein concentrations were not significantly associated with risk (ORs for Q4 vs. Q1 = 0.70, 0.45-1.10 and 0.71, 0.45-1.12, respectively). In men from Europe, circulating concentrations of genistein, daidzein and equol were not associated with risk. Circulating lignan concentrations were not associated with the risk of prostate cancer, overall or by disease aggressiveness or time to diagnosis. There was no strong evidence that prediagnostic circulating concentrations of isoflavones or lignans are associated with prostate cancer risk, although further research is warranted in populations where isoflavone intakes are high.

IGF and IGFBP and incidence of malignant neoplasms in a nested case-control study　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Adachi Yasushi, Nojima Masanori, Mori Mitsuru, Yamano Hiro-o, Nakase Hiroshi, Endo Takao, Wakai Kenji, Tamakoshi Akiko
CANCER SCIENCE, 109, 1438-1438, 2018年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Low Free Testosterone and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Collaborative Analysis of 20 Prospective Studies.
Eleanor L Watts, Paul N Appleby, Aurora Perez-Cornago, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, June M Chan, Chu Chen, Barbara A Cohn, Michael B Cook, Leon Flicker, Neal D Freedman, Graham G Giles, Edward Giovannucci, Randi E Gislefoss, Graeme J Hankey, Rudolf Kaaks, Paul Knekt, Laurence N Kolonel, Tatsuhiko Kubo, Loïc Le Marchand, Robert N Luben, Tapio Luostarinen, Satu Männistö, E Jeffrey Metter, Kazuya Mikami, Roger L Milne, Kotaro Ozasa, Elizabeth A Platz, J Ramón Quirós, Harri Rissanen, Norie Sawada, Meir Stampfer, Frank Z Stanczyk, Pär Stattin, Akiko Tamakoshi, Catherine M Tangen, Ian M Thompson, Konstantinos K Tsilidis, Shoichiro Tsugane, Giske Ursin, Lars Vatten, Noel S Weiss, Bu B Yeap, Naomi E Allen, Timothy J Key, Ruth C Travis
European urology, 74, 5, 585, 594, 2018年11月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Experimental and clinical evidence implicates testosterone in the aetiology of prostate cancer. Variation across the normal range of circulating free testosterone concentrations may not lead to changes in prostate biology, unless circulating concentrations are low. This may also apply to prostate cancer risk, but this has not been investigated in an epidemiological setting. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether men with low concentrations of circulating free testosterone have a reduced risk of prostate cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Analysis of individual participant data from 20 prospective studies including 6933 prostate cancer cases, diagnosed on average 6.8 yr after blood collection, and 12 088 controls in the Endogenous Hormones, Nutritional Biomarkers and Prostate Cancer Collaborative Group. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Odds ratios (ORs) of incident overall prostate cancer and subtypes by stage and grade, using conditional logistic regression, based on study-specific tenths of calculated free testosterone concentration. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Men in the lowest tenth of free testosterone concentration had a lower risk of overall prostate cancer (OR=0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69-0.86; p<0.001) compared with men with higher concentrations (2nd-10th tenths of the distribution). Heterogeneity was present by tumour grade (phet=0.01), with a lower risk of low-grade disease (OR=0.76, 95% CI 0.67-0.88) and a nonsignificantly higher risk of high-grade disease (OR=1.56, 95% CI 0.95-2.57). There was no evidence of heterogeneity by tumour stage. The observational design is a limitation. CONCLUSIONS: Men with low circulating free testosterone may have a lower risk of overall prostate cancer; this may be due to a direct biological effect, or detection bias. Further research is needed to explore the apparent differential association by tumour grade. PATIENT SUMMARY: In this study, we looked at circulating testosterone levels and risk of developing prostate cancer, finding that men with low testosterone had a lower risk of prostate cancer.

Water intake from foods and beverages and risk of mortality from CVD: the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study.
Renzhe Cui, Hiroyasu Iso, Ehab S Eshak, Koutatsu Maruyama, Akiko Tamakoshi
Public health nutrition, 21, 16, 3011, 3017, 2018年11月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of water intake with risk of mortality from CVD. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.Setting/SubjectsA total of 22 939 men and 35 362 women aged 40-79 years enrolled in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study with available data regarding water intake from foods and beverages. The underlying causes of death were determined based on the International Classification of Diseases. RESULTS: During the median 19·1 years of follow-up, 1637 men and 1707 women died from CVD. There was an inverse trend between high water intake and risk of CVD in both sexes. Compared with participants in the lowest quintile of water intake, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95 % CI) for mortality from total CVD in the highest quintile of water intake were 0·88 (0·72, 1·07; P for trend=0·03) in men and 0·79 (0·66, 0·95; P for trend=0·10) in women. Those for CHD were 0·81 (0·54, 1·21; P for trend=0·06) in men and 0·60 (0·39, 0·93; P for trend=0·20) in women. Reduced risk of mortality from ischaemic stroke was also observed among women in the highest water intake quintile: 0·70 (0·47, 0·99; P for trend=0·19). There was no association between water intake and mortality from haemorrhagic stroke in either sex. CONCLUSIONS: Higher intake of fluids from foods and beverages was associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular mortality in both sexes and reduced risk of ischaemic stroke in women in Japan.

Comparison of a new wrist-worn accelerometer with a commonly used triaxial accelerometer under free-living conditions.
Sachiko Sasaki, Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Zhao Wenjing, Tomoko Kishi, Ai Sakamoto, Akiko Tamakoshi
BMC research notes, 11, 1, 746, 746, 2018年10月20日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: The Life Microscope is a new wristband-based life recorder system that can identify various human movements. We aimed to compare physical activity data captured using the Life Microscope with data from a commonly used accelerometer. RESULTS: Twenty-nine participants (34.6 ± 12.5 years) wore both the Life Microscope and an Active Style Pro accelerometer for 7 days. Physical activity categories were calculated by converting daily accelerometer data output into time spent at sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity. Correlations between the physical activity category and step count data obtained from the two accelerometers were assessed using Pearson correlations, paired t-tests, intra-class coefficients, and the Bland-Altman method. Our results showed good reliability between the physical activity patterns and daily step counts obtained using both devices. Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between data from both accelerometers. In conclusion, both accelerometers were comparable in their measurement of step counts and time spent in different physical activity intensities under free-living conditions, and either could be used for population studies.

Underweight and weight loss are assocaited with greater mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in middle-aged Japanese: The JACC study
Wada Hiroo, Ikeda Ai, Maruyama Koutatu, Yamagishi Kazumasa, Tanigawa Takeshi, Tamakoshi Akiko, Iso Hiroyasu
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, 52, 2018年09月15日, ［査読有り］

The association between objective measures of residence and worksite neighborhood environment, and self-reported leisure-time physical activities: The Aichi Workers' Cohort Study
Li Y, Yatsuya H, Hanibuchi T, Hirakawa Y, Ota A, Uemura M, Chiang C, Otsuka R, Murata C, Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Aoyama A
Preventive Medicine Reports, 11, 282, 289, 2018年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, © 2018 The Authors The possible effects of a neighborhood's built environment on physical activity have not been studied in Asian countries as much as in Western countries. The present study cross-sectionally examined the relationship between geographic information system (GIS) measured residence and worksite neighborhood walkability, and the number of parks/green spaces and sports facilities within a 1 km radius of home and workplace, with self-reported leisure-time habitual (3–4 times per week or more) walking and moderate-to-vigorous intensity habitual exercise among local government workers aged 18 to 64 years living in an urban-suburban area of Aichi, Japan in 2013. A single-level binomial regression model was used to estimate the multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Of the 1959 male and 884 female participants, 288 (15%) and 141 (16%) reported habitual walking, respectively, and 18% and 17% reported habitual exercise, respectively. Compared with women who resided in neighborhood with a walkability index of 4–30, those living in an area with that of 35–40 were significantly more likely to engage in leisure-time habitual exercise (multivariable OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.08–2.68). Marginally significant positive associations were found between leisure-time habitual exercise and the residential neighborhood's number of parks/green spaces among women, as well as the number of sports facilities among men. In conclusion, a residential neighborhood environment characterized by higher walkability may contribute to the initiation or maintenance of moderate-to-vigorous intensity leisure-time exercise among working women living in an urban-suburban area of Japan.

Determination of Total, Free, and Esterified Short-Chain Fatty Acid in Human Serum by LC-MS/MS.
Chen, Zhen, Wu, Yue, Shrestha, Rojeet, Gao, Zijun, Zhao, Yaoyao, Miura, Yusuke, Tamakoshi, Akiko, Chiba, Hitoshi, Hui, Shu-Ping
Annals of clinical biochemistry, 4563218801393, 4563218801393, {SAGE} Publications, 2018年09月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

The Japanese food score and risk of all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Emiko Okada, Koshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Kenji Wakai, Chigusa Date, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
British Journal of Nutrition, 120, 4, 464, 471, 2018年08月28日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Few studies have reported the association between the Japanese diet as food score and mortality. This study aimed to investigate adherence to the Japanese food score associated with all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality. A total of 58 767 (23 162 men and 34 232 women) Japanese participants aged 40-79 years, who enrolled in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study between 1988 and 1990, were included. The Japanese food score was derived from the components of seven food groups (beans and bean products, fresh fishes, vegetables, Japanese pickles, fungi, seaweeds and fruits) based on the FFQ. The total score ranged from 0 to 7, and participants were divided into five categories based on scores (0-2, 3, 4, 5 and 6-7). Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI for all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality based on sex were estimated using Cox proportional models. During the follow-up period until 2009, 11 692 participants with all-cause, 3408 with CVD and 4247 with cancer died. The multivariable HR in the 6-7 and 0-2 Japanese food score groups were 0·93 (95 % CI 0·86, 1·01) in men and 0·82 (95 % CI 0·75, 0·90) in women for all-cause mortality and 0·89 (95 % CI 0·76, 1·04) in men and 0·66 (95 % CI 0·56, 0·77) in women for CVD mortality. Our findings suggest that adherence to the Japanese food score consisting of food combinations characterised by a Japanese diet may help in preventing all-cause and CVD mortality, especially in women.

Pooled Analysis of the Associations between Body Mass Index, Total Cholesterol, and Liver Cancer-related Mortality in Japan
Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yoshitaka Murakami, Yutaka Kiyohara, Michiko Yamada, Masato Nagai, Atsushi Satoh, Katsuyuki Miura, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Tomonori Okamura, EPOCH-JAPAN Research Group
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 19, 8, 2089, 2095, 2018年08月24日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective: We employed a large-scale pooled analysis to investigate the association of liver cancer-related
mortality with being overweight/obese and total cholesterol (TC) levels, since limited and inconsistent data on these
associations exist in Japan. Methods: A total of 59,332 participants (23,853 men and 35,479 women) from 12 cohorts
without a history of cancer who were followed for a median of 14.3 years were analyzed. A sex-specific stratified
Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age and other potential confounders was used to calculate hazard ratios
(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for liver cancer-related mortality. Results: A total of 447 participants
(266 men and 181 women) died of liver cancer within the follow-up period. Individuals classified as having a high
BMI (≥25.0 kg/m2) and low TC levels (<160 mg/dL) had a significantly increased risk for liver cancer-related
mortality (HR 7.05, 95% CI 4.41–11.26 in men; HR 8.07, 95% CI 4.76–13.67 in women) when compared with those
in the intermediate BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) and TC (160–219 mg/dL) categories. These associations remained after
limiting the follow-up duration to >5 years. Conclusion: Being overweight/obese, combined with low TC levels, was
strongly associated with liver cancer-related mortality in the EPOCH-JAPAN.

Cardiovascular disease mortality in relation to physical activity during adolescence and adulthood in Japan: Does school-based sport club participation matter?
Krisztina Gero, Hiroyasu Iso, Akihiko Kitamura, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Akiko Tamakoshi
Preventive medicine, 113, 102, 108, 2018年08月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We examined potential associations of sport club participation during adolescence and sports-related physical activity during adulthood with mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in a Japanese population. Between 1988 and 1990, 29,526 men and 41,043 women aged 40-79 years responded to a questionnaire including questions about the frequency of sports participation at baseline and sport club participation during junior/senior high school. Subjects were followed-up until the end of 2009, and 4230 cardiovascular deaths (870 CHD, 1859 stroke) were identified. Cox proportional-hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR). During the first-two thirds of the follow-up - where the proportional hazards assumption was met - the multivariate-adjusted HR (95% confidence interval) for total CVD mortality was 0.77 (0.61-0.98) among men and 0.82 (0.61-1.10) among women who were physically active at baseline (≥5 h/week versus 1-2 h/week). The corresponding HRs for coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality were 0.65 (0.39-1.07) and 0.40 (0.17-0.91), respectively. The combined associations of sports participation during adulthood and adolescence were also examined. Among men who participated in sports for ≥5 h/week at baseline, the multivariate-adjusted HR for those who also engaged in sport club activities during adolescence was 0.89 (0.61-1.30) for total CVD mortality and 0.24 (0.08-0.71) for CHD mortality when compared to non-participants. Among women, no statistically significant differences were found between sport club participants and non-participants. In conclusion, participating in sport clubs during adolescence might lead to a more pronounced risk-reduction for CHD mortality among men who also participate in sport activities during adulthood.

Association of Adiponectin With Cancer and All-Cause Mortality in a Japanese Community-Dwelling Elderly Cohort: A Case-Cohort Study.
Kojima R, Ukawa S, Zhao W, Suzuki K, Yamada H, Tsushita K, Kawamura T, Okabayashi S, Wakai K, Noma H, Ando M, Tamakoshi A
Journal of epidemiology, 28, 8, 367, 372, 2018年08月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Most studies of plasma adiponectin (APN) and mortality among community-dwelling elderly focus on cardiovascular disease, but data on the relationship between plasma APN and cancer mortality is exiguous. We investigated whether APN is associated with cancer mortality in community-dwelling elderly people. METHODS: We conducted a case-cohort study within the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation (NISSIN) Project using a randomly drawn sub-cohort of 697 subjects (351 men and 346 women; mean age 64.5 [standard deviation, 0.5] years) among whom we compared cases of all-cause death (n = 269) and cancer death (n = 149) during a mean follow-up duration of 10.8 (standard deviation, 3.7) years. Associations between APN and mortality were assessed using weighted Cox regression analyses. RESULTS: We observed significant positive associations between the APN concentration and cancer death in the first and third APN tertiles compared with the second APN tertile (hazard ratio [HR]T1 vs T2, 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00-2.79 and HRT3 vs T2, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.30-3.40). Further adjustment for possible confounders attenuated the association (HRT1 vs T2, 1.63; 95% CI, 0.93-2.84 and HRT3 vs T2, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.26-3.50). A similar but weaker association was seen for all-cause mortality (multivariate HRT1 vs T2, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.95-2.21 and HRT3 vs T2, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.01-2.25). CONCLUSION: Plasma APN and cancer mortality have a significant relationship among community-dwelling elderly people, which warrants further study.

Fish Intake and Death From Pulmonary Embolisms Among Japanese Men and Women - The Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study.
Tetsuya Ohira, Hiroyasu Iso, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Akiko Tamakoshi
Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 82, 8, 2063, 2070, 2018年07月25日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have reported the association of cardiovascular risk factors with pulmonary embolism (PE), but the association of dietary factors, especially fish intake, with the risk of PE has not been fully established.Methods and Results:Using a prospective design, we studied the risk of PE mortality in relation to fish intake in 90,791 community-dwelling men and women in Japan aged 40-79 years. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PE death were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Compared with participants in the lowest fresh fish intake group (<1 time/month), the HRs (95% CIs) for PE death for those in the other intake groups were 0.35 (0.08-1.59) for 1-2 times/month, 0.19 (0.05-0.69) for 1-2 times/week, 0.20 (0.06-0.74) for 3-4 times/week, and 0.18 (0.05-0.66) for fish intake every day. In addition to these findings, compared with the participants in the lowest 10% of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake, those in the other groups had a 60-76% lower risk of PE death. CONCLUSIONS: Fresh fish intake, even 1-2 times/week, is associated with a lower risk of death from PE among Japanese men and women.

Associations between copper and zinc intakes from diet and mortality from cardiovascular disease in a large population-based prospective cohort study.
Eshak ES, Iso H, Yamagishi K, Maruyama K, Umesawa M, Tamakoshi A
The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 56, 126, 132, 2018年06月, ［査読有り］

Comparison of human papillomavirus genotyping and cytology triage, COMPACT Study: Design, methods and baseline results in 14 642 women.
Aoyama-Kikawa S, Fujita H, Hanley SJB, Kasamo M, Kikuchi K, Torigoe T, Matsuno Y, Tamakoshi A, Sasaki T, Matsuura M, Kato Y, Dong P, Watari H, Saito T, Sengoku K, Sakuragi N
Cancer science, 109, 6, 2003, 2012, 2018年06月, ［査読有り］

北海道の二次医療圏を単位とした死亡率、栄養摂取状況の地域差の実態とその関連の検討　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
岸 知子, 岡田 恵美子, 佐藤 敦子, 石川 雅子, 鵜川 重和, 中村 幸志, 玉腰 暁子
日本公衆衛生雑誌, 65, 5, 210, 222, 日本公衆衛生学会, 2018年05月
日本語, 目的 北海道は面積が広く、地域により自然環境、主要産業が多様であることから社会経済状況の影響を受ける生活習慣ならびに生活習慣病による死亡率の地域差が大きい可能性がある。本研究は、北海道の地域間における健康格差縮小に取り組む際の資料を得ることを目的とし、北海道の二次医療圏を単位として、死亡率と栄養摂取状況の地域差の実態と、それらの関連を検討した。方法 本研究は生態学的研究である。死亡に関する情報の把握には、北海道保健統計年報ならびに北海道内の二次医療圏を単位として作成されている地域保健情報年報を用いた。平成17年〜21年のデータから北海道全体と、各二次医療圏の標準化死亡比(SMR)の5年平均値を算出した。栄養素摂取量の把握には、平成16年度健康づくり道民調査のデータを用いた。二次医療圏の死亡率と栄養素摂取量の関連は、Spearmanの相関係数を用いて検討した。結果 死亡率は道南、道東の沿岸部で高く、道北地域の内陸部、十勝地域で低い傾向にあった。また、二次医療圏間の栄養素摂取量における最大値と最小値の差に関しては、エネルギーは400kcal〜500kcal、タンパク質は20g〜30g、食塩は4g〜5g、緑黄色野菜は60g、淡色野菜は100gであった。死亡率と栄養素摂取量の関連については、女性でのみ悪性新生物死亡と脂質摂取量、牛乳・乳製品摂取量の間に正の関連、悪性新生物死亡と米の摂取量の間、心疾患死亡と大豆・大豆製品摂取量の間に負の関連が認められた。結論 北海道の二次医療圏間における死亡率および栄養素摂取量の地域差の実態が明らかになった。また、女性でのみ死亡率と栄養摂取量との間に関連が認められた。今後は、地域の健康指標、生活習慣に関する情報に加え、社会経済環境に関する情報も含めて地域差の要因について検討することが課題であると考える。(著者抄録)

Cardiovascular disease mortality in relation to physical activity during adolescence and adulthood in Japan: Does school-based sport club participation matter?
Gero, Krisztina, Iso, Hiroyasu, Kitamura, Akihiko, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, Tamakoshi, Akiko
Preventive medicine, 113, 102, 108, ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2018年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We examined potential associations of sport club participation during adolescence and sports-related physical activity during adulthood with mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in a Japanese population. Between 1988 and 1990, 29,526 men and 41,043 women aged 40-79 years responded to a questionnaire including questions about the frequency of sports participation at baseline and sport club participation during junior/senior high school. Subjects were followed-up until the end of 2009, and 4230 cardiovascular deaths (870 CHD, 1859 stroke) were identified. Cox proportional-hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR). During the first-two thirds of the follow-up - where the proportional hazards assumption was met - the multivariate-adjusted HR (95% confidence interval) for total CVD mortality was 0.77 (0.61-0.98) among men and 0.82 (0.61-1.10) among women who were physically active at baseline (≥5 h/week versus 1-2 h/week). The corresponding HRs for coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality were 0.65 (0.39-1.07) and 0.40 (0.17-0.91), respectively. The combined associations of sports participation during adulthood and adolescence were also examined. Am

Body-Mass Index and Pancreatic Cancer Incidence: A Pooled Analysis of Nine Population-Based Cohort Studies With More Than 340,000 Japanese Subjects
Yuriko N. Koyanagi, Keitaro Matsuo, Hidemi Ito, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Akihisa Hidaka, Keiko Wada, Isao Oze, Yuri Kitamura, Rong Liu, Tetsuya Mizoue, Norie Sawada, Chisato Nagata, Kenji Wakai, Tomio Nakayama, Atsuko Sadakane, Keitaro Tanaka, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Shizuka Sasazuki
Journal of Epidemiology, Japan Epidemiological Association, 2018年05月, ［査読有り］

Association of extremely high levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with cardiovascular mortality in a pooled analysis of 9 cohort studies including 43,407 individuals: The EPOCH-JAPAN study.
Hirata A, Sugiyama D, Watanabe M, Tamakoshi A, Iso H, Kotani K, Kiyama M, Yamada M, Ishikawa S, Murakami Y, Miura K, Ueshima H, Okamura T, Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in Japan, EPOCH–JAPAN) Research Group
Journal of clinical lipidology, 12, 3, 674, 684.e5, 2018年05月, ［査読有り］

Associations between dietary intakes of iron, copper and zinc with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A large population-based prospective cohort study.
Eshak ES, Iso H, Maruyama K, Muraki I, Tamakoshi A
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 37, 2, 667, 674, 2018年04月, ［査読有り］

A Point System for Predicting 10-Year Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japanese Men: Aichi Workers' Cohort Study.
Yatsuya H, Li Y, Hirakawa Y, Ota A, Matsunaga M, Haregot HE, Chiang C, Zhang Y, Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Aoyama A
Journal of epidemiology, 28, 8, 347, 352, 2018年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Relatively little evidence exists for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prediction models from long-term follow-up studies in East Asians. This study aims to develop a point-based prediction model for 10-year risk of developing T2DM in middle-aged Japanese men. METHODS: We followed 3,540 male participants of Aichi Workers' Cohort Study, who were aged 35-64 years and were free of diabetes in 2002, until March 31, 2015. Baseline age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, medication for dyslipidemia, diabetes family history, and blood levels of triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were examined using Cox proportional hazard model. Variables significantly associated with T2DM in univariable models were simultaneously entered in a multivariable model for determination of the final model using backward variable selection. Performance of an existing T2DM model when applied to the current dataset was compared to that obtained in the present study's model. RESULTS: During the median follow-up of 12.2 years, 342 incident T2DM cases were documented. The prediction system using points assigned to age, BMI, smoking status, diabetes family history, and TG and FBG showed reasonable discrimination (c-index: 0.77) and goodness-of-fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, P = 0.22). The present model outperformed the previous one in the present subjects. CONCLUSION: The point system, once validated in the other populations, could be applied to middle-aged Japanese male workers to identify those at high risk of developing T2DM. In addition, further investigation is also required to examine whether the use of this system will reduce incidence.

Dietary intakes of fat soluble vitamins as predictors of mortality from heart failure in a large prospective cohort study.
Eshak ES, Iso H, Yamagishi K, Cui R, Tamakoshi A
Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 47, 50, 55, 2018年03月, ［査読有り］

A prospective cohort study of insomnia and chronic kidney disease in Japanese workers
Sasaki Sachiko, Yoshioka Eiji, Saijo Yasuaki, Bannai Akira, Kita Toshiko, Tamakoshi Akiko, Kishi Reiko
SLEEP AND BREATHING, 22, 1, 257, 265, 2018年03月, ［査読有り］

Relationship Between Dietary Vitamin D and Deaths From Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Sheerah HA, Eshak ES, Cui R, Imano H, Iso H, Tamakoshi A, Japan Collaborative Cohort, Study Group
Stroke, 49, 2, 454, 457, 2018年02月, ［査読有り］

Association of leisure-time physical activity with total and cause-specific mortality: a pooled analysis of nearly a half million adults in the Asia Cohort Consortium.
Liu Y, Shu XO, Wen W, Saito E, Rahman MS, Tsugane S, Tamakoshi A, Xiang YB, Yuan JM, Gao YT, Tsuji I, Kanemura S, Nagata C, Shin MH, Pan WH, Koh WP, Sawada N, Cai H, Li HL, Tomata Y, Sugawara Y, Wada K, Ahn YO, Yoo KY, Ashan H, Chia KS, Boffetta P, Inoue M, Kang D, Potter JD, Zheng W
International journal of epidemiology, 2018年02月, ［査読有り］

Serum adiponectin and insulin secretion: A direct or inverse association?
Nakamura A, Miyoshi H, Ukawa S, Nakamura K, Nakagawa T, Terauchi Y, Tamakoshi A, Atsumi T
Journal of diabetes investigation, 9, 5, 1106, 1109, 2018年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We investigated the association between serum high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin and insulin secretion in a population-based study, with or without adjustment for insulin sensitivity. A total of 488 participants (263 women) were included in the present study. Insulin secretion was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function ± adjustment for insulin resistance using the disposition index. Multivariate analysis showed that HMW adiponectin was significantly and inversely associated with homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (partial regression coefficient -0.19, 95% confidence interval -0.28, -0.10, P < 0.0001). However, HMW adiponectin was significantly and positively associated with disposition index (partial regression coefficient 0.15, 95% confidence interval 0.06, 0.24, P = 0.0016). The present study showed that a positive association between HMW adiponectin levels and insulin secretion evaluated using an index incorporating adjustment for insulin resistance was identified, and vice versa using an index that did not adjust for insulin resistance.

Associations between copper and zinc intakes from diet and mortality from cardiovascular disease in a large population-based prospective cohort study
Eshak, Ehab S, Iso, Hiroyasu, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Maruyama, Koutatsu, Umesawa, Mitsumasa, Tamakoshi, Akiko
The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 56, 126, 132, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2018年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Several studies have related cardiovascular disease (CVD) to serum concentrations of copper and zinc but not to their dietary intakes. We thought to examine the association between dietary intakes of copper and zinc with risk of mortality from CVD in a prospective study encompassing 58,646 healthy Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years. The intakes of copper and zinc were determined by a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire, and their associations with risk of mortality from CVD were evaluated by Cox proportional hazard modelling. During 965, 970 person-years of follow-up between 1989-2009, we documented 3,388 CVD deaths [1,514 from stroke, 702 from coronary heart disease (CHD) and 1,172 from other CVD]. Copper intake was not associated with CHD mortality; however, the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality from stroke, other CVD and total CVD in the highest versus the lowest quintiles of copper intake among men were 1.78 (1.16-2.77; P-trend=0.007), 1.61 (1.01-2.81; P-trend =0.03) and 1.63 (1.21-2.33; P-trend=0.001), respectively, and those among women were 1.49 (1.00-2.19; P-trend=0.04), 1.59 (1.09-2.55; P-trend =0.

Smoking and subsequent risk of acute myeloid leukaemia: A pooled analysis of 9 cohort studies in Japan
Tomotaka Ugai, Keitaro Matsuo, Isao Oze, Hidemi Ito, Kenji Wakai, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Tomio Nakayama, Rong Liu, Yuri Kitamura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Ichiro Tsuji, Yumi Sugawara, Norie Sawada, Atsuko Sadakane, Keitaro Tanaka, Tetsuya Mizoue, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Taichi Shimazu and
Hematological Oncology, Wiley-Blackwell, 2018年02月, ［査読有り］

Association between average daily television viewing time and the incidence of ovarian cancer: findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Ukawa S, Tamakoshi A, Mori M, Ikehara S, Shirakawa T, Yatsuya H, Iso H, JACC study group
Cancer Causes Control, 29, 2, 213, 219, 2018年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Purpose: Seventy-five percent of epidemiological studies have reported that sedentary behavior is associated with ovarian cancer incidence. Although Japan has one of the most sedentary populations, with median sitting times of 7 h/day, this association has not been investigated. This study aimed to elucidate the association between average daily television (TV) viewing time, which is a major sedentary behavior, and the incidence of ovarian cancer in a large-scale nationwide cohort study in Japan. Methods: A total of 34,758 female participants aged 40–79 years without a history of cancer at baseline were included in the study. The inverse probability weighted competing risk model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the incidence of ovarian cancer. Results: During a median follow-up of 19.4 years, 59 participants developed ovarian cancer (ICD-10: C56), 2,706 participants developed other types of cancer, and 4,318 participants died. Participants who watched TV for ≥ 5 h/day were more likely to develop ovarian cancer than those who watched TV for < 2 h/day (HR 2.15; 95% CI 1.54–2.99). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that reducing the amount of time spent sedentarily may be beneficial for preventing ovarian cancer.

“Ikigai”, subjective wellbeing, as a modifier of the parity-cardiovascular mortality association ― the Japan collaborative cohort study ―
Sumiyo Yasukawa, Eri Eguchi, Keiki Ogino, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
Circulation Journal, 82, 5, 1302, 1308, Japanese Circulation Society, 2018年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Nulliparity is associated with an excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). “Ikigai”, subjective wellbeing in Japan, is associated with reduced risk of CVD. The impact of ikigai on the association between parity and the risk of CVD, however, has not been reported. Methods and Results: A total of 39,870 Japanese women aged 40–79 years without a history of CVD, cancer or insufficient information at baseline in 1988–1990, were enrolled and followed until the end of 2009. They were categorized into 7 groups according to parity number 0–≥6. Using Cox regression hazard modeling, the associations between parity and mortality from stroke, coronary artery disease, and total CVD were investigated. During the follow-up period, 2,121 total CVD deaths were documented. No association was observed between parity and stroke and CVD mortality in women with ikigai, but there was an association in those without ikigai. The multivariable hazard ratios of stroke and total CVD mortality for nulliparous women without ikigai vs. those with 1 child were 1.87 (95% CI: 1.15–3.05) and 1.46 (95% CI: 1.07–2.01), respectively, and that for stroke mortality in high parity women without ikigai was 1.56 (95% CI: 1.00–2.45). Conclusions: Nulliparous or high parity women without ikigai had higher mortality from stroke and/or total CVD, suggesting that ikigai attenuated the association between parity and CVD mortality in Japanese women.

[Regional differences in mortality and food and nutrient intake and their associations among secondary healthcare service areas in Hokkaido].
Tomoko Kishi, Emiko Okada, Atsuko Sato, Masako Ishikawa, Shigekazu Ukawa, Koshi Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi
[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health, 65, 5, 210, 222, 2018年, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
日本語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective Hokkaido is a geographically vast area comprising a variety of natural environments and major industries. Therefore, we presume that there are large differences in lifestyles and lifestyle-related disease mortality in community people based on region. The aim of this study was to investigate the regional differences in mortality and food and nutrient intake, and their associations among secondary healthcare service areas in Hokkaido.Methods This study's design was ecological. We collected mortality data using public health statistics from the year 2005 to 2009 of the Hokkaido prefecture. We calculated the average of the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) over those five years. Data on food and nutrient intake were obtained from the Hokkaido Health and Nutrition Survey in 2006 conducted in the Hokkaido prefecture. The association between mortality and nutritional status was examined using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient.Results The mortality rates were higher in the southern and eastern areas of Hokkaido and in the lower internal area in the northern area of Hokkaido and the Tokachi area. There were regional differences of 400-500 kcal of energy, 20-30 g of protein, 4-5 g of salt, 60 g of green and yellow vegetables, and 100 g of other vegetables among 21 secondary healthcare service areas in Hokkaido. In women alone, we observed a positive association between cancer mortality and fat intake from dairy products. By contrast, we observed an inverse, significant association between cancer mortality and rice intake, and cardiovascular mortality and soybean and soybean product intake, only in women.Conclusion We present regional differences in mortality and food and nutrient intake among secondary healthcare areas in Hokkaido. We also reveal a significant association between mortality and food and nutrient intake only in women. Further research is needed to examine whether socioeconomic, environmental, or other lifestyle factors are associated with regional health gaps.

Dietary patterns among Japanese adults: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2012.
Okada E, Takahashi K, Takimoto H, Takabayashi S, Kishi T, Kobayashi T, Nakamura K, Ukawa S, Nakamura M, Sasaki S, Tamakoshi A
Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 27, 5, 1120, 1130, 2018年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recent studies have analyzed dietary patterns to assess overall dietary habits, but there have been no studies of dietary patterns among the contemporary Japanese population nationwide. The objective of this study was to identify dietary patterns based on consumption of food items among Japanese adults, and to examine whether these dietary patterns were associated with nutrient intake, demographic characteristics, and lifestyle factors. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: The study population included 25,754 Japanese adults aged 20 years and older registered in the nationwide National Health and Nutrition Survey database in 2012. Dietary patterns were analyzed by factor analysis of 29 food items from the dietary intake survey and household-based semiweighed dietary records. RESULTS: Five dietary patterns were identified: high-bread and low-rice, high-meat and low-fish, vegetable, wheat-based food, and noodle and alcohol patterns. The lowest quartile of factor scores for high-meat and low-fish, wheat-based food, and noodle and alcohol patterns had higher nutrient intakes, and the highest quartile of factor scores for the vegetable pattern had a higher nutrient intake overall (all p<0.01). Dietary pattern scores were associated with demographic and lifestyle factors such as sex, age, region, smoking status, and alcohol intake. CONCLUSIONS: Five major dietary patterns among Japanese adults were identified by factor analysis. Dietary pattern scores were associated with differences in nutrient intakes and demographic and lifestyle factors. These patterns were further used for examining the association between Japanese diets and health outcomes.

Evidence-based cancer prevention recommendations for Japanese.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Sasazuki S, Inoue M, Shimazu T, Wakai K, Naito M, Nagata C, Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Mizoue T, Matsuo K, Ito H, Tamakoshi A, Sawada N, Nakayama T, Kitamura Y, Sadakane A, Tsugane S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer Prevention Strategies in Japan
Jpn J Clin Oncol, 48, 576, 586, 2018年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Coffee drinking and colorectal cancer and its subsites: A pooled analysis of 8 cohort studies in Japan.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Kashino I, Akter S, Mizoue T, Sawada N, Kotemori A, Matsuo K, Oze I, Ito H, Naito M, Nakayama T, Kitamura Y, Tamakoshi A, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Inoue M, Nagata C, Sadakane A, Tanaka K, Tsugane S, Shimazu T, Research Group for the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Int J Cancer., 143, 307, 316, 2018年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Nationwide epidemiological study of neuromyelitis optica in Japan.
Miyamoto K, Fujihara K, Kira JI, Kuriyama N, Matsui M, Tamakoshi A, Kusunoki S
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 89, 667, 668, 2018年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Smoking cessation and subsequent risk of cancer: A pooled analysis of eight population-based cohort studies in Japan
Eiko Saito, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hidemi Ito, Keitaro Matsuo, Kenji Wakai, Keiko Wada, Chisato Nagata, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Tanaka, Shizuka Sasazuki
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY, 51, 98, 108, ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2017年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Although East Asia is one of the largest tobacco-epidemic regions in the world, only a few prospective studies from Asia have investigated the impact of smoking and cessation of smoking on cancer. We aimed to assess the effect of cessation of smoking on the risk of cancer using eight population-based cohort studies in Japan.
Methods: We analyzed pooled data from eight population-based prospective cohort studies in Japan with more than 320,000 participants to assess the effect of smoking cessation on the risk of total cancers and smoking-related cancers.
Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, cancer risks in men with > 21 years of smoking cessation before baseline were found to decrease to the same level as never smokers for total cancer (never smokers: reference; former smokers with >= 21 years since smoking cessation: HR, 1.01; 95%CI: 0.91, 1.11). Even men who are heavy smokers (more than 20 pack-years) reported a reduced risk of total cancer (never smokers: reference; former smokers with >= 21 years since smoking cessation: HR, 1.06; 95%CI: 0.92, 1.23). In women, the risk of total cancer did not differ from that of never smokers after 11 years of smoking cessation before baseline (never smokers: reference; former smokers with >= 11 years since smoking cessation: HR, 0.96; 95%CI: 0.74, 1.23).
Conclusions: Our study suggests that longer duration of smoking cessation may attenuate the risk of cancer in both men and women, and that even heavy smokers (more than 20 pack-years) were found to benefit from quitting smoking.

Alcohol consumption and mortality from aortic disease among Japanese men: The Japan Collaborative Cohort study
Toru Shirakawa, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Naohito Tanabe, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 266, 64, 68, ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2017年11月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background and aims: Only a few population-based prospective studies have examined the association between alcohol consumption and abdominal aortic aneurysm, and the results are inconsistent. Moreover, no evidence exists for aortic dissection. We examined the effect of alcohol consumption on risk of mortality from aortic diseases.
Methods: A total of 34,720 men from the Japan Collaborative Cohort study, aged 40-79 years, without history of cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline 1988 and 1990 were followed up until the end of 2009 for their mortality and its underlying cause. Hazard ratios of mortality from aortic diseases were estimated according to alcohol consumption categories of never-drinkers, ex-drinkers, regular drinkers of <= 30 g, and > 30 g ethanol per day.
Results: During the median 17.9-year follow-up period, 45 men died of aortic dissection and 41 men died of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Light to moderate drinkers of <= 30 g ethanol per day had lower risk of mortality from total aortic disease and aortic dissection compared to never-drinkers. The respective multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.46 (0.28-0.76) for total aortic disease and 0.16 (0.05-0.50) for aortic dissection. Heavy drinkers of > 30 g ethanol per day did not have reduced risk of mortality from total aortic disease, albeit had risk variation between aortic dissection and abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Conclusions: Light to moderate alcohol consumption was associated with reduced mortality from aortic disease among Japanese men. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

The association between social participation and cognitive function in community-dwelling older populations: Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study at Taisetsu community Hokkaido
Ai Sakamoto, Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Sachiko Sasaki, Wenjing Zhao, Tomoko Kishi, Katsunori Kondo, Akiko Tamakoshi
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, 32, 10, 1131, 1140, WILEY, 2017年10月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, ObjectiveTo study the association between the number of area-level and individual-level social participation items and cognitive function in the community-dwelling older populations of three towns in Hokkaido, Japan.
MethodsA survey on the frequency of social participation was mailed to those in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study 2013 who were aged 65years, were not certified as needing long-term care, and lived in Higashikawa, Higashikagura, or Biei. A subset of participants aged 70-74years completed the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in a home visit survey. Both the area-level and individual-level social participation and demographic information were obtained on the self-administered questionnaire. A multilevel analysis using a generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to examine the association between variables in the area-level and individual-level social participation items and cognitive function.
ResultsOut of 4042 respondents, data from 2576 were used in the area-level analysis. Of those, 180 were aged 70-74years and completed the home visit survey for the individual-level analysis. A greater number of higher social participation items at the individual level was associated with higher cognitive function scores after adjusting for area-level social participation variables and confounders (regression coefficient: 0.19; 95% confidence interval: 0.03, 0.35). There were no significant associations between area-level social participation item averages and individual-level cognitive function scores.
ConclusionsOlder populations participating in many kinds of social activities exhibited preserved cognitive function even after adjusting for area-level social participation variables. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Genetic and environmental factors and serum hormones, and risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in pre- and postmenopausal Japanese women
Jiazhi Guo, Aiko Sueta, Koshi Nakamura, Nobuyasu Yoshimoto, Motoi Baba, Naoko Ishida, Kanako Hagio, Tatsuya Toyama, Hirotaka Iwase, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroko Yamashita
ONCOTARGET, 8, 39, 65759, 65769, IMPACT JOURNALS LLC, 2017年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Breast cancer incidence in Japanese women has more than tripled over the past two decades. We have previously shown that this marked increase is mostly due to an increase in the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative subtype. We conducted a case-control study; ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer patients who were diagnosed since 2011 and women without disease were recruited. Environmental factors, serum levels of testosterone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and common genetic variants reported as predictors of ER-positive breast cancer or found in Asian women were evaluated between patients and controls in pre-and postmenopausal women. To identify important risk predictors, risk prediction models were created by logistic regression models. In premenopausal women, two environmental factors (history of breastfeeding, and history of benign breast disease) and four genetic variants (TOX3-rs3803662, ESR1-rs2046210, 8q24-rs13281615, and SLC4A7-rs4973768) were considered to be risk predictors, whereas three environmental factors (body mass index, history of breastfeeding, and hyperlipidemia), serum levels of testosterone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and two genetic variants (TOX3-rs3803662 and ESR1-rs2046210) were identified as risk predictors. Inclusion of common genetic variants and serum hormone measurements as well as environmental factors improved risk assessment models. The decline in the birthrate according to recent changes of lifestyle might be the main cause of the recent notable increase in the incidence of ER-positive breast cancer in Japanese women.

Functional capacity, self-rated health status, and psychosocial characteristics of employed cancer survivors in Japan
Katoh Y, Ota A, Yatsuya H, Li Y, Naito H, Fujisawa A, Matsunaga M, Hirakawa Y, Chiang C, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi K, Aoyama A
Fujita Medical Journal, 3, 3, 55, 61, 藤田学園医学会, 2017年08月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, 癌サバイバーである日本人労働者の機能的能力(FC)、自己評価健康状態(SRHS)および心理社会的特性(PSC)を評価し、これらの特性を癌サバイバー労働者(癌既往群)と癌無病歴労働者(癌非既往群)との間で比較した。対象は2113年の地方自治体職員5474名(癌既往群112名)で、自己記入質問票を用いてFC、SRHSおよびPSC(社会的支援、自覚ストレス、社会資本、生き甲斐、幸福)における制限を評価し、癌病歴がこれらの制限に関連するか否か検討した。その結果、癌既往群では全年齢の男性と比較的若い女性がいずれも対応する癌非既往群よりFCの制限が多く(全年齢の男性14.5%対2.9%:50歳未満の女性15.2%対1.1%)、全年齢の男性が非既往群に比べてSRHSが悪かった(8.1%対1.5%)。一方、PSCは両群間で有意な差が見られなかった。以上より、男性と比較的若い女性の癌サバイバーである労働者はFCの制限が多く、男性ではSRHSも悪いと考えられた。

Passive smoking and mortality from aortic dissection or aneurysm
Tomomi Kihara, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 263, 145, 150, ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2017年08月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background and aims: Evidence on the association between passive smoking and risk of aortic dissection or aneurysm is limited. This study aimed to investigate whether passive smoking increases risk of mortality from aortic dissection or aneurysm.
Methods: The Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study is a prospective community-based cohort study begun in 1988-90 and followed up to the end of 2009. We examined 48,677 individuals (mean age, 56 years; women, 46%) without history of stroke, coronary heart disease, or cancer, who provided valid responses to a lifestyle questionnaire including questions on active and passive smoking. We used 3 categories (passive smoking out of home, passive smoking at home, and passive smoking out of or at home combined) to divide never-smokers into 3 exposure groups: low, intermediate, and high exposures, respectively. The endpoint was underlying cause of death from aortic dissection or aneurysm.
Results: During the median 19-year follow-up of 48,677 study participants, 66 died of aortic dissection, and 75 of aortic aneurysm. Multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the high passive-smoking group as compared with the low passive-smoking group were 2.45 (1.02-5.88) out of home, 1.82 (0.84-3.96) at home, and 2.35 (1.09-5.09) out of or at home combined. The corresponding hazard ratios for current smokers as compared with the low passive-smoking group were 3.97 (2.14-7.39), 3.41 (1.84-6.32) and 4.09 (1.99-8.39), respectively.
Conclusions: Out-of-home passive smoking and out-of-or at-home combined passive smoking were associated with increased mortality from aortic dissection or aneurysm. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Erratum to "Characteristics and prognosis of Japanese colorectal cancer patients: The BioBank Japan Project" [J Epidemiol 27(3S) (2017) S36-S42].
Tamakoshi A, Nakamura K, Ukawa S, Okada E, Hirata M, Nagai A, Matsuda K, Kamatani Y, Muto K, Kiyohara Y, Yamagata Z, Ninomiya T, Kubo M, Nakamura Y, BioBank Japan, Coope, a, i, Hospital Grou
Journal of epidemiology, 27, 8, 398, 399, 2017年08月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

A pooled analysis of the association of isolated low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with cardiovascular mortality in Japan
Takumi Hirata, Daisuke Sugiyama, Shin-ya Nagasawa, Yoshitaka Murakami, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Akira Okayama, Hiroyasu Iso, Fujiko Irie, Toshimi Sairenchi, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Michiko Yamada, Shizukiyo Ishikawa, Katsuyuki Miura, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Tomonori Okamura, for the Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in Japan (EPOCH-JAPAN) Research Group, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Tomonori Okamura, Yutaka Imai, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Fujiko Irie, Hiroyasu Iso, Akihiko Kitamura, Yutaka Kiyohara, Katsuyuki Miura, Yoshitaka Murakami, Hideaki Nakagawa, Takeo Nakayama, Akira Okayama, Toshimi Sairenchi, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Kiyomi Sakata, Akiko Tamakoshi, Ichiro Tsuji, Michiko Yamada, Masahiko Kiyama, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Shizukiyo Ishikawa, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Tomonori Okamura
European Journal of Epidemiology, 32, 7, 547, 557, Springer Netherlands, 2017年07月01日, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Low levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have been shown to be associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, because this is usually observed in the context of other lipid abnormalities, it is not known whether isolated low serum HDL-C levels are an independent risk factor for CHD. We performed a large pooled analysis in Japan using data from nine cohorts with 41,206 participants aged 40–89 years who were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. We divided participants into three groups: isolated low HDL-C, non-isolated low HDL-C, and normal HDL-C. Cohort-stratified Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for death due to CHD, ischemic stroke, and intracranial cerebral hemorrhage
during a 12.9-year follow-up, we observed 355, 286, and 138 deaths, respectively, in these groups. Non-isolated low HDL-C was significantly associated with increased risk of CHD compared with normal HDL-C (HR 1.37, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.80)
however, isolated low HDL-C was not. Although isolated low HDL-C was significantly associated with decreased risk of CHD (HR 0.51, 95 % CI 0.29–0.89) in women, it was significantly associated with increased risk of intracranial cerebral hemorrhage in all participants (HR 1.62, 95 % CI 1.04–2.53) and in men (HR 2.00, 95 % CI 1.04–3.83). In conclusion, isolated low HDL-C levels are not associated with increased risk of CHD in Japan. CHD risk may, therefore, be more strongly affected by serum total cholesterol levels in this population.

Association between type 2 diabetes and risk of cancer mortality: a pooled analysis of over 771,000 individuals in the Asia Cohort Consortium
Yu Chen, Fen Wu, Eiko Saito, Yingsong Lin, Minkyo Song, Hung N. Luu, Prakash C. Gupta, Norie Sawada, Akiko Tamakoshi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Woon-Puay Koh, Yong-Bing Xiang, Yasutake Tomata, Kemmyo Sugiyama, Sue K. Park, Keitaro Matsuo, Chisato Nagata, Yumi Sugawara, You-Lin Qiao, San-Lin You, Renwei Wang, Myung-Hee Shin, Wen-Harn Pan, Mangesh S. Pednekar, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hui Cai, Jian-Min Yuan, Yu-Tang Gao, Ichiro Tsuji, Seiki Kanemura, Hidemi Ito, Keiko Wada, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Keun-Young Yoo, Habibul Ahsan, Kee Seng Chia, Paolo Boffetta, Wei Zheng, Manami Inoue, Daehee Kang, John D. Potter
DIABETOLOGIA, 60, 6, 1022, 1032, SPRINGER, 2017年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The aims of the study were to evaluate the association between type 2 diabetes and the risk of death from any cancer and specific cancers in East and South Asians.
Pooled analyses were conducted of 19 prospective population-based cohorts included in the Asia Cohort Consortium, comprising data from 658,611 East Asians and 112,686 South Asians. HRs were used to compare individuals with diabetes at baseline with those without diabetes for the risk of death from any cancer and from site-specific cancers, including cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, colorectum, colon, rectum, liver, bile duct, pancreas, lung, breast, endometrium, cervix, ovary, prostate, bladder, kidney and thyroid, as well as lymphoma and leukaemia.
During a mean follow-up of 12.7 years, 37,343 cancer deaths (36,667 in East Asians and 676 in South Asians) were identified. Baseline diabetes status was statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of death from any cancer (HR 1.26; 95% CI 1.21, 1.31). Significant positive associations with diabetes were observed for cancers of the colorectum (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.26, 1.57), liver (HR 2.05; 95% CI 1.77, 2.38), bile duct (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.04, 1.92), gallbladder (HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.10, 1.61), pancreas (HR 1.53; 95% CI 1.32, 1.77), breast (HR 1.72; 95% CI 1.34, 2.19), endometrium (HR 2.73; 95% CI 1.53, 4.85), ovary (HR 1.60; 95% CI 1.06, 2.42), prostate (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.09, 1.82), kidney (HR 1.84; 95% CI 1.28, 2.64) and thyroid (HR 1.99; 95% CI 1.03, 3.86), as well as lymphoma (HR 1.39; 95% CI 1.04, 1.86). Diabetes was not statistically significantly associated with the risk of death from leukaemia and cancers of the bladder, cervix, oesophagus, stomach and lung.
Diabetes was associated with a 26% increased risk of death from any cancer in Asians. The pattern of associations with specific cancers suggests the need for better control (prevention, detection, management) of the growing epidemic of diabetes (as well as obesity), in order to reduce cancer mortality.

Similarities and differences between coronary heart disease and stroke in the associations with cardiovascular risk factors: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Masaaki Matsunaga, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Hiroyasu Iso, Kentaro Yamashita, Yuanying Li, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Naohito Tanabe, Yasuhiko Wada, Chaochen Wang, Atsuhiko Ota, Koji Tamakoshi, Akiko Tamakoshi
ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 261, 124, 130, ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2017年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background and aims: Coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke have common risk factors, but some of these differ in the magnitude or direction of associations between CHD and stroke. We assessed whether the impact of each risk factor differed between CHD and stroke mortality in Asians.
Methods: In total, 104 910 subjects aged 40-79 years without histories of cancer, CHD and stroke at baseline were followed between 1988 and 2009. Competing- risks analysis was used to test for differences in the associations of each risk factor with two endpoints (CHD and stroke). Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were also calculated for these endpoints to estimate the population impact of each risk factor.
Results: During a median 19.1-year follow-up, 1554 died from CHD and 3163 from stroke. The association of hypertension with CHD was similar to that with stroke in terms of the magnitude and direction (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio for CHD: 1.63 vs. stroke: 1.73 in men and 1.70 vs. 1.66 in women). Conversely, the magnitude of these associations differed for smoking (CHD: 1.95 vs. stroke: 1.23 in men and 2.45 vs. 1.35 in women) and diabetes (1.49 vs. 1.09 in men and 2.08 vs. 1.39 in women). The highest PAF for CHD was caused by smoking in men and by hypertension in women; that for stroke was caused by hypertension in both sexes.
Conclusions: Hypertension associations and PAFs were consistent between CHD and stroke, but not for other risk factors. These findings may be useful to optimize public health intervention strategies. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Fasting but not casual blood glucose is associated with pancreatic cancer mortality in Japanese: EPOCH-JAPAN.
Masato Nagai, Yoshitaka Murakami, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yutaka Kiyohara, Michiko Yamada, Shigekazu Ukawa, Takumi Hirata, Sachiko Tanaka, Katsuyuki Miura, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Tomonori Okamura
Cancer causes & control : CCC, 28, 6, 625, 633, 2017年06月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, PURPOSE: The dose-response relationship between fasting blood glucose levels and risk of pancreatic cancer has been investigated, but the association between casual blood glucose levels and pancreatic cancer death has not been examined. We examined the association between casual and fasting blood glucose levels and death due to pancreatic cancer in Japanese. METHODS: We performed a pooled analysis of the individual Japanese including 46,387 participants aged 40-79 years from ten cohorts. Participants were classified into five groups: low normal, middle normal, high normal, prediabetes (casual blood glucose 140-199 mg/dl, or fasting blood glucose 110-125 mg/dl), and diabetes (casual blood glucose ≥200 mg/dl, fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dl, or anti-diabetic drug use). Low normal, middle normal, and high normal were defined according to tertiles of casual or fasting normal blood glucose levels. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pancreatic cancer mortality were estimated stratifying casual and fasting blood glucose by cohort-stratified Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, with low normal (casual blood glucose <94 mg/dl, or fasting blood glucose <90 mg/dl) as a reference. RESULTS: Fasting blood glucose showed a dose-response relationship with pancreatic cancer mortality (p for trend = 0.005). After adjusting for covariates, HRs (95% CIs) were 2.83 (1.18-6.76) for prediabetes and 3.96 (1.56-10.08) for diabetes. However, there were no significant associations with casual blood glucose. These tendencies were observed after the exclusion of participants who were censored for the first 5 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Fasting blood glucose is a better predictor of pancreatic cancer death than casual blood glucose.

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Japanese Women: A Population-Based, Prospective Cohort Study
Keiko Yamada, Hiroyasu Iso, Renzhe Cui, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES, 26, 5, 1047, 1054, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2017年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: This study aimed to examine the association between recurrent pregnancy loss and the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality. Methods: We identified 54,652 women who were pregnant during the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. These women were 40-79 years at the date of cohort entry between 1988 and 1990. Participants received municipal health screening examinations and completed self-administered questionnaires. The cause of death was confirmed by annual or biannual follow-up surveys for a median of 18 years. The exposure was the number of pregnancy loss. The outcome was mortality from total cardiovascular disease and its subtypes according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision. Adjustment variables included age, number of deliveries, education, body mass index, physical activity, smoking status, and drinking status. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to estimate the cumulative mortality. Results: The number of pregnancy loss tended to be inversely associated with the risk of mortality from total stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and total cardiovascular disease. The multivariable hazard ratio of total cardiovascular disease for >= 2 pregnancy losses versus no pregnancy loss was.84 (95% confidence interval,.74-0.95). A 2-fold excess risk of mortality from ischemic stroke associated with >= 2 pregnancy losses was observed in women aged 40-59 years, with a multivariable hazard ratio of 2.19 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-4.49), but not in older women. Conclusions: Recurrent pregnancy loss tends to be associated with a lower risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease at 40-79 years. Younger women have an excess risk of ischemic stroke mortality associated with recurrent pregnancy loss.

Passive smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality: findings from the Japan collaborative cohort study
Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Masahiko Ando, Hiroyasu Iso
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 62, 4, 489, 494, SPRINGER BASEL AG, 2017年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, To elucidate the association between passive smoking at home and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality via a large-scale nationwide cohort study in Japan.
Never smokers (n = 34,604) aged 40-79 years at baseline (1988-1990; 4884 men, 29,720 women) were included in the analysis. Passive smoking at home was measured based on self-reported frequency of weekly exposure to passive smoking at home. An inverse probability of treatment-weighted competing risk model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for COPD mortality.
During a median follow-up of 16.4 years, 33 participants (10 men, 23 women) died of COPD. The HR for participants exposed to passive smoking at home ae<currency>4 days per week or those who had almost daily exposure to passive smoking at home had a significantly increased risk of COPD mortality (HR 2.40, 95% CI 1.39-4.15, HR 2.88, 95% CI 1.68-4.93, respectively).
The present findings suggest that avoiding passive smoking at home may be beneficial for preventing death due to COPD among never smokers.

Blood soluble Fas levels and mortality from cardiovascular disease in middle-aged Japanese: The JACC study.
Iso H, Maruyama K, Eshak ES, Ikehara S, Yamagishi K, Tamakoshi A
Atherosclerosis., 260, 97, 101, 2017年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF binding protein-3, and the risk of esophageal cancer in a nested case-control study
Adachi Y, Nojima M, Mori M, Yamashita K, Yamano H, Nakase H, Endo T, Wakai K, Sakata K, Tamakoshi A
World Journal of Gastroenterology, 23, 19, 3488, 3495, 2017年05月, ［査読有り］

Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of overall cancer in Japanese: A pooled analysis of population-based cohort studies
Ribeka Takachi, Manami Inoue, Yumi Sugawara, Ichiro Tsuji, Shoichiro Tsugane, Hidemi Ito, Keitaro Matsuo, Keitaro Tanaka, Akiko Tamakoshi, Tetsuya Mizoue, Kenji Wakai, Chisato Nagata, Shizuka Sasazuki
Journal of Epidemiology, 27, 4, 152, 162, Elsevier {BV}, 2017年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: A series of recent reports from large-scale cohort studies involving more than 100,000 subjects reported no or only very small inverse associations between fruit and vegetable intake and overall cancer incidence, despite having sufficient power to do so. To date, however, no such data have been reported for Asian populations.
Objective: To provide some indication of the net impact of fruit and vegetable consumption on overall cancer prevention, we examined these associations in a pooled analysis of large-scale cohort studies in Japanese populations.
Methods: We analyzed original data from four cohort studies that measured fruit and vegetable consumption using validated questionnaires at baseline. Hazard ratios (HRs) in the individual studies were calculated, with adjustment for a common set of variables, and combined using a random-effects model.
Results: During 2,318,927 person-years of follow-up for a total of 191,519 subjects, 17,681 cases of overall cancers were identified. Consumption of fruit or vegetables was not associated with decreased risk of overall cancers: corresponding HRs for the highest versus lowest quartiles of intake for men and women were 1.03 (95% CI, 0.97-1.10; trend p = 1.00) and 1.03 (95% CI, 0.95-1.11; trend p = 0.97), respectively, for fruit and 1.07 (95% CI, 1.01-1.14; trend p = 0.18) and 0.98 (95% CI, 0.91-1.06; trend p = 0.99), respectively, for vegetables, even in analyses stratified by smoking status and alcohol drinking.
Conclusions: The results of this pooled analysis do not support inverse associations of fruit and vegetable consumption with overall cancers in the Japanese population. (C) 2016 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japan Epidemiological Association.

Daily Walking Time and Pneumonia Mortality Among Elderly With/Without Medical History of Myocardial Infarction or Stroke
Shigekazu Ukawa, Wenjing Zhao, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
CIRCULATION, 135, LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2017年03月, ［査読有り］
英語

Nationwide hospital-based survey of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus in Japan: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics
Nagato Kuriyama, Masakazu Miyajima, Madoka Nakajima, Michiko Kurosawa, Wakaba Fukushima, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Etsuko Ozaki, Yoshio Hirota, Akiko Tamakoshi, Etsuro Mori, Takeo Kato, Takahiko Tokuda, Akinori Urae, Hajime Arai
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR, 7, 3, e00635, WILEY, 2017年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objectives: There have been no nationwide epidemiological studies of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) in Japan. Therefore, a nationwide epidemiologic survey of iNPH was performed to determine the number of cases and clinical characteristics by sex and diagnostic level.
Methods: The first survey examined the numbers of cases that met the diagnostic criteria of iNPH and those who underwent shunt operations in 2012. The second survey gathered patients' details to clarify their clinical background characteristics.
Results: The estimated number of cases meeting the diagnostic criteria in 2012 was 12,900, with 6,700 undergoing shunt operations. The estimated crude prevalence was 10.2/100,000 persons. The age of onset was in the 70s in more than 50% of both men and women. Significantly higher (p<.05) frequencies of gait impairment in men and cognitive decline in women were observed as initial symptoms. At the time of definitive diagnosis, gait impairment was observed most frequently in patients with definite iNPH (77.7%). Hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity (40.0%), followed by diabetes mellitus (17.8%) and Alzheimer's disease (14.8%). Hypertension was observed more frequently in men, but diabetes was observed more frequently in women (p<.05). An LP shunt was the first-choice (55.1%) treatment of iNPH, followed by a VP shunt (43.2%).
Conclusion: This study showed that iNPH occurs most frequently in the 70s, gait impairment and cognitive decline are the most frequent initial symptoms in men and women, respectively, and hypertension and diabetes are the most frequent comorbidities in men and women, respectively.

Age-specific impact of diabetes mellitus on the risk of cardiovascular mortality: An overview from the evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in the Japan Research Group (EPOCH-JAPAN)
Yoichiro Hirakawa, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yutaka Kiyohara, Yoshitaka Murakami, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Hideaki Nakagawa, Akira Okayama, Akiko Tamakoshi, Kiyomi Sakata, Katsuyuki Miura, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Tomonori Okamura
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 27, 3, 123, 129, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2017年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Diabetes mellitus is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the age-specific association of diabetes with cardiovascular risk, especially in the elderly, remains unclear in non-Western populations.
Methods: A pooled analysis was conducted using 8 cohort studies (mean follow-up period, 10.3 years) in Japan, combining the data from 38,854 individual participants without history of cardiovascular disease. In all, 1867 of the participants had diabetes, defined based on the 1998 World Health Organization criteria. The association between diabetes and the risk of death from cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke was estimated using a stratified Cox model, accounting for variability of baseline hazard functions among cohorts.
Results: During the follow-up, 1376 subjects died of cardiovascular disease (including 268 of coronary heart disease and 621 of stroke). Diabetes was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death after multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio [HR] 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35-1.94). Similarly, diabetes was a risk factor for CHD (HR 2.13; 95% CI, 1.47-3.09) and stroke (HR 1.40; 95% CI, 1.05-1.85). In the age-stratified analysis of the risk of cardiovascular death, the relative effects of diabetes were consistent across age groups (p for heterogeneity =0.18), whereas the excess absolute risks of diabetes were greater in participants in their 70s and 80s than in younger subjects.
Conclusions: The management of diabetes is important to reduce the risk of death from cardiovascular disease, not only in midlife but also in late life, in the Japanese population. (C) 2016 Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.

Demographic and lifestyle factors and survival among patients with esophageal and gastric cancer: The Biobank Japan Project
Emiko Okada, Shigekazu Ukawa, Koshi Nakamura, Makoto Hirata, Akiko Nagai, Koichi Matsuda, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yutaka Kiyohara, Kaori Muto, Yoichiro Kamatani, Zentaro Yamagata, Michiaki Kubo, Yusuke Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 27, 3, S29, S35, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2017年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Several studies have evaluated associations between the characteristics of patients with esophageal and gastric cancer and survival, but these associations remain unclear. We described the distribution of demographic and lifestyle factors among patients with esophageal and gastric cancer in Japan, and investigated their potential effects on survival.
Methods: Between 2003 and 2007, 24-to 95-year-old Japanese patients with esophageal and gastric cancer were enrolled in the BioBank Japan Project. The analysis included 365 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and 1574 patients with gastric cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality were estimated using medical institution-stratified Cox proportional hazards models.
Results: During follow-up, 213 patients with ESCC (median follow-up, 4.4 years) and 603 patients with gastric cancer (median follow-up, 6.1 years) died. Among patients with ESCC, the mortality risk was higher in ever drinkers versus never drinkers (multivariable HR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.24, 4.53). Among patients with gastric cancer, the mortality risk was higher in underweight patients versus patients of normal weight (multivariable HR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.05). Compared to patients with gastric cancer with no physical exercise habit, those who exercised >= 3 times/week had a lower mortality risk (multivariate HR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.61, 0.93). However, lack of stage in many cases was a limitation.
Conclusions: Among patients with ESCC, alcohol drinkers have a poor prognosis. Patients with gastric cancer who are underweight also have a poor prognosis, whereas patients with physical exercise habits have a good prognosis. (C) 2017 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japan Epidemiological Association.

Characteristics and prognosis of Japanese male and female lung cancer patients: The BioBank Japan Project
Koshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Makoto Hirata, Akiko Nagai, Zentaro Yamagata, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Kaori Muto, Yutaka Kiyohara, Koichi Matsuda, Yoichiro Kamatani, Michiaki Kubo, Yusuke Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 27, 3, S49, S57, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2017年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: In Japanese males and females, lung cancer is currently the second and fourth most common type of cancer, and the first and second leading cause of cancer-related deaths, respectively.
Methods: Of all Japanese male and female lung cancer patients aged >= 20 years whom the BioBank Japan Project originally enrolled between 2003 and 2008, 764 males and 415 females were registered within 90 days after their diagnosis. We described the lifestyle and clinical characteristics of these patients at study entry. Furthermore, we examined the effect of these characteristics on all-cause mortality.
Results: In the lung cancer patients registered within 90 days, the frequencies of occult or stage 0, stage I, II, III and IV were 0.4%, 55.8%, 10.8%, 22.0% and 11.0% for males and 0.3%, 62.4%, 9.9%, 17.1% and 10.2% for females, respectively. The proportions of histological types in males and females were 56.3% and 82.4% for adenocarcinoma, 26.9% and 8.2% for squamous cell carcinoma, 4.5% and 1.5% for large cell carcinoma, 7.7% and 4.1% for small cell carcinoma and 4.6% and 3.8% for others, respectively. Among 1120 participants who registered within 90 days, 572 participants died during 5811 person-years of follow-up. Low body mass index, ever smoker, more advanced stage, squamous cell or small cell carcinoma and high serum carcinoembryonic antigen level at study entry were crudely associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality after adjustment for age.
Conclusions: This study showed the association of several lifestyle and clinical characteristics with allcause mortality in lung cancer patients. (C) 2017 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japan Epidemiological Association.

Characteristics of patients with liver cancer in the BioBank Japan project
Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Koshi Nakamura, Makoto Hirata, Akiko Nagai, Koichi Matsuda, Zentaro Yamagata, Yoichiro Kamatani, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yutaka Kiyohara, Kaori Muto, Michiaki Kubo, Yusuke Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 27, 3, S43, S48, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2017年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Liver cancer is the fifth cause of cancer-related deaths in Japan. The BioBank Japan (BBJ) project included 200,000 patients with 47 diseases and samples; their clinical information can be used for further studies.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with liver cancer (n =1733; 1316 men, 417 women) were included. Histology, patient characteristics, clinical characteristics, and causes of death were collected. Cumulative and relative survival rates for liver cancer were calculated.
Results: Of the 1354 patients with available liver cancer histology, 91.9% had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Compared with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, greater proportions of the male patients in this cohort were daily alcohol consumers (26%), and a greater proportion of the menwas overweight/obesity (22%). Although Japan is the only Asian country with a predominance of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCC, the prevalence of HCV infection (44%) was lower than that in a previous study. The 3-, 5-, and 10-year cumulative survival rates were 57%, 47%, and 25% in men, respectively, and 49%, 41%, and 27% in women, respectively.
Conclusions: The present results provide an overview of the patients with liver cancer in the BBJ project. We are planning further analyses combined with various high-throughput `omics' technologies. (C) 2017 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japan Epidemiological Association.

Risk prediction models for mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: The BioBank Japan project.
Hata J, Nagai A, Hirata M, Kamatani Y, Tamakoshi A, Yamagata Z, Muto K, Matsuda K, Kubo M, Nakamura Y, Biobank Japan, Coopera, i, Hospital Group, Kiyohara Y, Ninomiya T
Journal of epidemiology, 27, 3S, S71, S76, 2017年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in Japan. The present study aimed to develop new risk prediction models for long-term risks of all-cause and cardiovascular death in patients with chronic phase CVD. METHODS: Among the subjects registered in the BioBank Japan database, 15,058 patients aged ≥40 years with chronic ischemic CVD (ischemic stroke or myocardial infarction) were divided randomly into a derivation cohort (n = 10,039) and validation cohort (n = 5019). These subjects were followed up for 8.55 years in median. Risk prediction models for all-cause and cardiovascular death were developed using the derivation cohort by Cox proportional hazards regression. Their prediction performances for 5-year risk of mortality were evaluated in the validation cohort. RESULTS: During the follow-up, all-cause and cardiovascular death events were observed in 2962 and 962 patients from the derivation cohort and 1536 and 481 from the validation cohort, respectively. Risk prediction models for all-cause and cardiovascular death were developed from the derivation cohort using ten traditional cardiovascular risk factors, namely, age, sex, CVD subtype, hypertension, diabetes, total cholesterol, body mass index, current smoking, current drinking, and physical activity. These models demonstrated modest discrimination (c-statistics, 0.703 for all-cause death; 0.685 for cardiovascular death) and good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2-test, P = 0.17 and 0.15, respectively) in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS: We developed and validated risk prediction models of all-cause and cardiovascular death for patients with chronic ischemic CVD. These models would be useful for estimating the long-term risk of mortality in chronic phase CVD.

Characteristics and prognosis of Japanese female breast cancer patients: The BioBank Japan project.
Nakamura K, Okada E, Ukawa S, Hirata M, Nagai A, Yamagata Z, Kiyohara Y, Muto K, Kamatani Y, Ninomiya T, Matsuda K, Kubo M, Nakamura Y, BioBank Japan, Coopera, i, Hospital Group, Tamakoshi A
Journal of epidemiology, 27, 3S, S58, S64, 2017年03月, ［査読有り］

Survival of macrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic respiratory disease, cancer and smoking in patients with type 2 diabetes: BioBank Japan cohort
Yokomichi H, Nagai A, Hirata M, Tamakoshi A, Kamatani Y, Kiyohara Y, Matsuda K, Muto K, Ninomiya T, Kubo M, Nakamura Y, BioBank Japan, Coo, Hospital Group, Yamagata Z
Journal of Epidemiology, 27, 3S, 98, 106, 2017年03月01日, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Serum glucose, cholesterol and blood pressure levels in Japanese type 1 and 2 diabetic patients: BioBank Japan
Yokomichi H, Nagai A, Hirata M, Tamakoshi A, Kamatani Y, Kiyohara Y, Matsuda K, Muto K, Ninomiya T, Kubo M, Nakamura Y, BioBank Japan, Coo, Hospital Group, Yamagata Z
Journal of Epidemiology, 27, 3S, 92, 97, 2017年03月01日, ［査読有り］, ［招待有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Statin use and all-cause and cancer mortality: BioBank Japan cohort
Yokomichi H, Nagai A, Hirata M, Tamakoshi A, Kamatani Y, Kiyohara Y, Matsuda K, Muto K, Ninomiya T, Kubo M, Nakamura Y, BioBank Japan, Coo, Hospital Group, Yamagata Z
Journal of Epidemiology, 27, 3S, 84, 91, 2017年03月01日, ［査読有り］, ［招待有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Cholesterol levels of Japanese dyslipidaemic patients with various comorbidities: BioBank Japan
Yokomichi H, Noda H, Nagai A, Hirata M, Tamakoshi A, Kamatani Y, Kiyohara Y, Matsuda K, Muto K, Ninomiya T, Kubo M, Nakamura Y, BioBank Japan, Coo, Hospital Group, Yamagata Z
Journal of Epidemiology, 27, 3S, 77, 83, 2017年03月01日, ［査読有り］, ［招待有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Characteristics and prognosis of Japanese colorectal cancer patients: The BioBank Japan Project
Akiko Tamakoshi, Koshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Emiko Okada, Makoto Hirata, Akiko Nagai, Koichi Matsuda, Yoichiro Kamatani, Kaori Muto, Yutaka Kiyohara, Zentaro Yamagata, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Michiaki Kubo, Yusuke Nakamura
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 27, 3, S36, S42, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2017年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, and in Japan, it is estimated that about 10% of men and 8% of women will be diagnosed with colorectal cancer during their lifetime.
Methods: We focused on 5864 participants (3699 men and 2165 women) who had colorectal cancer and were registered with BioBank Japan (BBJ) between April 2003 and March 2008. Characteristics of colon and rectal cancer patients were calculated separately. Among the enrolled patients registered in BBJ within 90 days after diagnosis, we also calculated the 5-year cumulative and relative survival rates, and estimated the effect of lifestyle factors on all-cause mortality.
Results: Our participants included younger men than those in the Patient Survey and the Cancer Registry Japan. In more than 95% of cases the histological type was adenocarcinoma both in colon and rectal cancer. Rectal cancer patients tended to eat more meat and less green leafy vegetables compared with colon cancer patients. The 5-year cumulative survival rate was 73.0% (95% CI; 70.1%-75.7%) and the 5year relative survival rate was 80.6% (77.4%-83.6%), respectively, for colon cancer. For rectal cancer, the rates were 73.3% (69.1%-77.0%) and 80.9% (76.3%-85.0%), in the same order. Lifestyle factors such as consuming less green leafy vegetables, being underweight, smoking, not consuming alcoholic beverages and being physically inactive were found to be related to poor survival.
Conclusions: We described lifestyle characteristics of colorectal cancer patients in BBJ and examined the impacts on subsequent all-cause mortality. (C) 2017 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B. V. on behalf of The Japan Epidemiological Association.

Overview of the BioBank Japan Project: Study Design and Profile.
Nagai A, Hirata M, Ninomiya T, Zembutsu H, Murakami Y, Yuji K, Mushiroda T, Muto K, Yamagata Z, Furukawa Y, Nakamura Y, Tamakoshi A, Kiyohara Y, Tanaka T, Ohnishi Y, Kamatani Y, Matsuda K, Kubo M
Journal of Epidemiology, 27, 3S, S2, S8, 2017年02月, ［査読有り］

Overview of BioBank Japan Follow-up Data in 32 Diseases.
Hirata M, Nagai A, Kamatani Y, Ninomiya T, Tamakoshi A, Yamagata Z, Kubo M, Muto K, Kiyohara Y, Mushiroda T, Murakami Y, Yuji K, Furukawa Y, Zembutsu H, Tanaka T, Ohnishi Y, Nakamura Y, Matsuda K
Journal of Epidemiology, 27, 3S, S22, S28, 2017年02月, ［査読有り］

Cross-sectional analysis of BioBank Japan Clinical Data: A Large Cohort of 200,000 Patients with 47 Common Diseases.
Hirata M, Kamatani Y, Nagai A, Kiyohara Y, Ninomiya T, Tamakoshi A, Yamagata Z, Kubo M, Muto K, Mushiroda T, Murakami Y, Yuji K, Furukawa Y, Zembutsu H, Tanaka T, Ohnishi Y, Nakamura Y, Matsuda K
Journal of Epidemiology, 27, 3S, S9, S21, 2017年02月, ［査読有り］

Association between social relationship and glycemic control among older Japanese: JAGES cross-sectional study
Kenichi Yokobayashi, Ichiro Kawachi, Katsunori Kondo, Naoki Kondo, Yuiko Nagamine, Yukako Tani, Kokoro Shirai, Susumu Tazuma, K. Kondo, M. Hanazato, H. Hikichi, Y. Miyaguni, Y. Sasaki, Y. Nagamine, T. Ashida, N. Kondo, D. Takagi, Y. Tani, J. Aida, K. Osaka, T. Tsuboya, S. Jeong, C. Murata, Saito, T. Ojima, E. Okada, M. Saito, H. Hirai, J. Misawa, K. Suzuki, T. Takeda, T. Yamamoto, M. Nakade, N. Cable, A. Tamakoshi, Y. Fujino, Y. Shobugawa, T. Hayashi
PLoS ONE, 12, 1, 2017年01月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Aim: The present study examined whether social support, informal socializing and social participation are associated with glycemic control in older people. Methods: Data for this population-based cross-sectional study was obtained from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) 2010 linked to the annual health check-up data in Japan. We analyzed 9,554 individuals aged ≥65 years without the certification of needed long-term care. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the effect of social support, informal socializing and social participations on glycemic control. The outcome measure was HbA1c ≥8.4%. Results: 1.3% of the participants had a level of HbA1c over 8.4%. Better glycemic control was significantly associated with meeting with friends one to four times per month (odds ratio [OR] 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]0.30-0.89, compared to meeting with friends a few times per year or less) and participation in sports groups (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.26-0.97) even after adjusting for other variables. Meeting with friends more than twice per week, receiving social support, and being married were not associated with better control of diabetes. Conclusions: Meeting with friends occasionally is associated with better glycemic control among older people.

Dietary patterns and breast cancer risk in a prospective Japanese study
Reiji Kojima, Emiko Okada, Shigekazu Ukawa, Mitsuru Mori, Kenji Wakai, Chigusa Date, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
BREAST CANCER, 24, 1, 152, 160, SPRINGER JAPAN KK, 2017年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The association between dietary patterns and breast cancer has been inconsistent.
This study examined associations between dietary patterns and risk of developing breast cancer among 23,172 women from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, including 119 incidences of breast cancer diagnosed during a median 16.9-year follow-up period. Factor analysis was conducted to obtain dietary patterns, and Cox proportional models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) for breast cancer morbidity.
Three dietary patterns were identified: ''vegetable pattern'' (vegetables, potatoes, seaweed, tofu, fruits, fresh fish, eggs, and miso soup); ''animal food pattern'' (meat, deep-fried foods, fried vegetables, fish paste and salt-preserved fish); and "dairy product pattern'' (milk, dairy products, fruits, coffee and tea). After adjusting for potential confounders, the vegetable and dairy product patterns were not significantly associated with risk of breast cancer. However, the animal food pattern was significantly associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer morbidity among premenopausal women by HR 0.47 for the 2nd tertile (95 % CI 0.22-1.00) and HR 0.42 for the 3rd tertile (95 % CI 0.18-0.93), compared with the bottom tertile (p for trend 0.04).
We found no significant association between the vegetable and dairy product dietary patterns and breast cancer risk; however, an animal product diet may reduce risk of breast cancer among premenopausal Japanese women.

Perceived Stress and Colorectal Cancer Incidence: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Norimasa Kikuchi, Takeshi Nishiyama, Takayuki Sawada, Chaochen Wang, Yingsong Lin, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Akiko Tamakoshi, Shogo Kikuchi
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 7, 40363, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2017年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, and many risk factors for colorectal cancer have been established. However, it remains uncertain whether psychological stress contributes to the onset of colorectal cancer. Therefore, we conducted a large-scale prospective cohort study to confirm the association between perceived stress and colorectal cancer incidence. We identified 680 cases of colon cancer and 330 cases of rectal cancer during a maximum of 21-year follow-up of 61,563 Japanese men and women. Cox regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders revealed a significant association of perceived stress with rectal cancer incidence but not with colon cancer incidence. This finding is partly consistent with that from only one previous study that addressed an association between perceived stress and the risk of colorectal cancer. However, studies on this topic are sparse and warrant further exploration.

No modifying effect of education level on the association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular mortality: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Eri Eguchi, Hiroyasu Iso, Kaori Honjo, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Akiko Tamakoshi
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 7, 39820, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2017年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We examined the effect of education level on the association between healthy lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular mortality in the Japanese population. A total of 42,647 community-based men and women aged 40-79 years were enrolled at baseline (1988-1990), followed through 2009. The components of the healthy lifestyle score included the intake of fruits, fish, and milk; body mass index; exercise; avoidance of smoking; moderate alcohol intake; and moderate sleep duration. During the 19.3 years of follow-up, 8,314 all-cause and 2,377 total cardiovascular mortality cases were noted. Inverse associations were observed between healthy lifestyle scores and total cardiovascular disease (CVD) for both the lower and higher education level groups. Multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for CVD mortality from the highest to the lowest healthy lifestyle scores, and the population attributable fraction (95% CIs) without healthy lifestyle scores of 7-8 were 0.51 (0.33-0.52) and 42% (24-58%), and 0.38 (0.27-0.47) and 55% (36-69%) for the higher and lower education levels, respectively. Our findings suggest that the association between higher CVD mortality and lower education level can be explained by the individuals' lower adherence to a healthy lifestyle; hence, lifestyle modification would be beneficial for the prevention of cardiovascular mortality, irrespective of the education level.

The relationship between a low grain intake dietary pattern and impulsive behaviors in middle-aged Japanese people.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Toyomaki A, Koga M, Okada E, Nakai Y, Miyazaki A, Tamakoshi A, Kiso Y, Kusumi I
PLoS ONE, 12, 7, e0181057, 2017年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

A Literature Review of the Associations between Sedentary Behavior and Health-Related Outcomes in Japan　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ukawa S, Shirakawa T, Kikuchi H, Ikehara S, Inoue S, Iso H, Tamakoshi A
Advances in Medicine and Biology, 112, 93, 107, 2017年, ［査読有り］
英語

Clinical and histopathological characteristics of patients with prostate cancer in the BioBank Japan project
Ukawa S, Nakamura K, Okada E, Hirata M, Nagai A, Yamagata Z, Muto K, Matsuda K, Ninomiya T, Kiyohara Y, Kamatani Y, Kubo M, Nakamura Y, Tamakoshi A, Miura I, Takatama K, Nabeshima Y, Misumi K, Minami S, Kondo Y, Kimura G, Horie S, Ohba S, Ikeda S, Asai S, Moriyama M, Takahashi Y, Fujioka T, Obara W, Mori S, Ito H, Nagayama S, Miki Y, Masumoto A, Yamada A, Nishizawa Y, Kodama K, Okamoto K, Kageyama S, Koretsune Y, Nishigaki Y, Yoshida T
Journal of Epidemiology, 27, 3, S65, S70, Elsevier, 2017年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Prostate cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Japan. We aimed to elucidate the clinical and histopathological characteristics of patients with prostate cancer in the BioBank Japan (BBJ) project. Methods: Four thousand, seven hundred and ninety-three patients diagnosed with prostate cancer in the BBJ project were included. Clinical and histopathological data, including causes of death, were analyzed. Relative survival (RS) rates of prostate cancer were calculated. Results: Four thousand, one hundred and seventy-one prostate cancer patients with available histological data had adenocarcinoma. The mean age of the patients was 72.5 years. The proportion of patients who were non-smokers, non-drinkers, had a normal body mass index, did not exercise, had a normal prostate-specific antigen level, and had a family history of prostate cancer were 30.7%, 28.0%, 66.6%, 58.1%, 67.6%, and 6.5%, respectively. The proportion of patients with Stage II, III, and IV disease were 24.4%, 7.3%, and 4.4%, respectively. After limiting to patients with a time from the initial diagnosis of prostate cancer to entry into the study cohort of ≤90 days (n = 869), the 5- and 10-year RS rates were 96.3% and 100.5%, respectively, although we were unable to consider management strategies due to a plenty of data missing. Conclusions: We provide an overview of patients with prostate cancer in the BBJ project. Our findings, coupled with those from various high throughput "omics" technologies, will contribute to the implementation of prevention interventions and medical management of prostate cancer patients.

Leisure-time physical activity and risk of disability incidence: A 12-year prospective cohort study among young elderly of the same age at baseline
Matsunaga, Takashi, Naito, Mariko, Wakai, Kenji, Ukawa, Shigekazu, Zhao, Wenjing, Okabayashi, Satoe, Ando, Masahiko, Kawamura, Takashi, Tamakoshi, Akiko
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 27, 11, 538, 545, 2017年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Influence of different methods for measuring HbA1c on health checkups in a rural town in Hokkaido, Japan
Oikawa Junko, Nakamura Koshi, Ukawa Shigekazu, Kishi Tomoko, Nakamura Akinobu, Tamakoshi Akiko
DIABETOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, 7, 4, 391, 397, 2016年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Using data on health checkups performed in one Japanese town, we investigated the effect on health checkups of the methods used to measure hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The study included 337 participants undergoing health checkups at two facilities. At facility 1, HbA1c was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 2012 and by immunoassay (IA) in 2013, while at facility 2, HbA1c was measured by HPLC in both years. At facility 1, the mean HbA1c was significantly decreased from 2012 to 2013 (5.83 vs 5.50 %, respectively; P < 0.001), although the mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was significantly increased from 2012 to 2013 (91.7 vs 95.2 mg/dL, respectively; P = 0.02). Of the 202 participants at facility 1, 97 who had an HbA1c of ≥5.6 % in 2012 had an HbA1c of <5.6 % in 2013. At facility 2, the mean HbA1c marginally increased, while there were similar FPG levels in both years. An additional study of single blood samples from 27 healthy participants who were tested at the same facility using both HPLC and IA found that the mean HbA1c was significantly lower for IA than for HPLC (5.19 vs 5.50 %, respectively; P < 0.001). In summary, we found a substantial decrease in the mean HbA1c and the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus in study participants who underwent health checkups for two consecutive years when different methods were used to measure HbA1c. The lack of standardization of HbA1c measurement methods may have a large effect on health checkups.

Insulin-like growth factor-related components and the risk of liver cancer in a nested case-control study
Adachi Y, Nojima M, Mori M, Matsunaga Y, Akutsu N, Sasaki S, Endo T, Kurozawa Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, for JACC Study
Tumor Biology, 37, 11, 15125, 15132, 2016年11月, ［査読有り］

Transforming Growth Factor-β1 as a Predictor for the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Nested Case–Controlled Study
Yuko Watanabe, the JACC Study Group, Akira Iwamura, Yuichi J. Shimada, Kenji Wakai, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroyasu Iso
EBioMedicine, 12, 68, 71, Elsevier B.V., 2016年10月01日, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) reportedly acts as a tumor suppressor in tumorigenesis. However, little is known as to how TGF-β1 concentrations change prior to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in humans. We examined the association between the serum TGF-β1 concentrations and death from HCC to determine whether the serum TGF-β1 can be a predictor of incident HCC. Methods We conducted a nested case-controlled study of participants in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk. We used a conditional logistic regression analysis to estimate the adjusted relative risks (aRRs) of death from HCC according to the serum TGF-β1 concentrations among 1940 participants including 83 patients with HCC and 1857 controls matched for age, sex, and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-antibody seropositivity. Findings When serum TGF-β1 was modelled as a continuous variable, the aRR of death from HCC associated with a decrement of 7.9 ng/mL (one standard deviation) in the serum TGF-β1 concentrations was 2.3 (95% CI 1.7–3.0, P <
 0.001) for all the subjects. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the serum TGF-β1 concentrations was 0.78 (P <
 0.05). Interpretation Our finding suggests that TGF-β1 serves as a predictor for HCC.

The influence of personality and perceived stress on the development of breast cancer: 20-year follow-up of 29,098 Japanese women.
Sawada T, Nishiyama T, Kikuchi N, Wang C, Lin Y, Mori M, Tanno K, Tamakoshi A, Kikuchi S
Scientific reports, 6, 32559, 2016年09月, ［査読有り］

Challenges in breast and cervical cancer control in Japan.
Hanley SJ, Fujita H, Tamakoshi A, Dong P, Sakuragi N
The Lancet. Oncology, 17, 9, e372, 2016年09月, ［査読有り］

The Risk of Developing Diabetes in Association With Long Working Hours Differs by Shift Work Schedules
Akira Bannai, Eiji Yoshioka, Yasuaki Saijo, Sachiko Sasaki, Reiko Kishi, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 26, 9, 481, 487, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2016年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: The impact of long working hours on diabetes is controversial; however, shift work is known to increase the risk of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the association between long working hours and diabetes among civil servants in Japan separately by shift work schedules.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from April 2003 to March 2009. A total of 3195 men aged >= 35 years who underwent an annual health checkup at baseline were analyzed by shift work schedules (2371 nonshift workers and 824 shift workers). Self-reported working hours were categorized as 35-44 and >= 45 hours per week. The incidence of diabetes was confirmed by fasting plasma glucose concentration >= 126mg/dL and/or self-reported medical diagnosis of diabetes at the annual checkup. A Cox proportional model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for developing diabetes associated with long working hours.
Results: The median follow-up period of non-shift and shift workers was 5.0 and 4.9 years, respectively. During this period, 138 non-shift workers and 46 shift workers developed diabetes. A decreased HR was found among nonshift workers working >= 45 hours per week (HR 0.84; 95% CI, 0.57-1.24); however, shift workers working >= 45 hours per week had a significantly increased risk of diabetes (HR 2.43; 95% CI, 1.21-5.10) compared with those working 35-44 hours per week. An analysis restricted to non-clerical workers also showed similar results.
Conclusions: The risk of diabetes associated with long working hours differed by shift work schedules.

Occupational physical activity in relation to risk of cardiovascular mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation for Cancer Risk (JACC Study)
Rie Hayashi, Hiroyasu Iso, Renzhe Cui, Akiko Tamakoshi
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, 89, 286, 291, ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2016年08月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, We examined the association between patterns of occupational physical activity (OPA) and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a Japanese population. A community-based, prospective cohort of 66,161 men and women aged 40-79 years without a history of CVD or cancer at baseline (1988-1990) was followed until 2009. OPA was divided into four types: mostly sitting, sitting and standing (sitting/standing), mostly standing, and standing and walking (standing/walking). During follow-up for a median of 19.2 years, 3728 deaths from CVD were registered. Compared with mostly sitting OPA, standing/walking OPA was not associated with a reduced risk of CVD mortality for all subjects, but it was associated with a 20% lower risk of CVD mortality among overweight individuals (body mass index = 25 kg/m(2)). Compared with mostly sitting OPA, mostly standing OPA was associated with an approximately 20% higher risk of CVD mortality, especially among overweight individuals or those with lower exercise (<2.5 h/week). In conclusion, compared with mostly sitting OPA, standing/walking OPA is associatedwith lower CVDmortality among overweight individuals, while mostly standing OPA is associated with higher CVD mortality, especially in physically inactive individuals. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Watching Television and Risk of Mortality From Pulmonary Embolism Among Japanese Men and Women: The JACC Study (Japan Collaborative Cohort).
Shirakawa T, Iso H, Yamagishi K, Yatsuya H, Tanabe N, Ikehara S, Ukawa S, Tamakoshi A
Circulation., 134, 4, 355, 357, 2016年07月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Associations between polymorphisms in folate-metabolizing genes and pancreatic cancer risk in Japanese subjects
Nakao H, Wakai K, Ishii N, Kobayashi Y, Ito K, Yoneda M, Mori M, Nojima M, Kimura Y, Endo T, Matsuyama M, Ishii H, Ueno M, Kuruma S, Egawa N, Matsuo K, Hosono S, Ohkawa S, Nakamura K, Tamakoshi A, Takahashi M, Shimada K, Nishiyama T, Kikuchi S, Lin Y
BMC Gastroenterology, 16, 1, 83, 2016年07月, ［査読有り］

Serum albumin levels and economic status in Japanese older adults
Asami Ota, Naoki Kondo, Nobuko Murayama, Naohito Tanabe, Yugo Shobugawa, Katsunori Kondo, K. Kondo, H. Hikichi, Y. Miyaguni, Y. Sasaki, Y. Nagamine, M. Hanazato, N. Kondo, T. Ashida, D. Takagi, Y. Tani, T. Ojima, E. Okada, K. Osaka, J. Aida, T. Tuboya, M. Saito, H. Hirai, Yugo Shobugawa, K. Suzuki, Y. Ichida, T. Yamamoto, C. Murata, T. Saito, S. Jeong, M. Nakade, T. Takeda, N. Cable, H. Todoroki, K. Shirai, T. Hayashi, A. Tamakoshi, J. Misawa, Y. Fujino
PLoS ONE, 11, 6, 2016年06月01日
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Low serum albumin levels are associated with aging and medical conditions such as cancer, liver dysfunction, inflammation, and malnutrition and might be an independent predictor of long-term mortality in healthy older populations. We tested the hypothesis that economic status is associated with serum albumin levels and explained by nutritional and health status in Japanese older adults. Design: We performed a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation study (JAGES). The study participants were 6528 functionally independent residents (3189 men and 3339 women) aged ≥65 years living in four municipalities in Aichi prefecture. We used household income as an indicator of economic status. Multiple linear regression was used to compare serum albumin levels in relation to household income, which was classified as low, middle, and high. Additionally, mediation by nutritional and health-related factors was analyzed in multivariable models. Results: With the middle-income group as reference, participants with low incomes had a significantly lower serum albumin level, even after adjustment for sex, age, residential area, education, marital status, and household structure. The estimated mean difference was -0.17 g/L (95% confidence interval, -0.33 to -0.01 g/L). The relation between serum albumin level and low income became statistically insignificant when "body mass index", "consumption of meat or fish", "self-rated health", "presence of medical conditions", "hyperlipidemia", or "respiratory disease "was included in the model. Conclusion: Serum albumin levels were lower in Japanese older adults with low economic status. The decrease in albumin levels appears to be mediated by nutrition and health-related factors with low household incomes. Future studies are needed to reveal the existence of other pathways.

Bowel Movement Frequency, Laxative Use, and Mortality From Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Among Japanese Men and Women: The Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study.
Kubota Y, Iso H, Tamakoshi A
Journal of epidemiology, 26, 5, 242, 248, 2016年05月, ［査読有り］

Prospective study of seaweed consumption and thyroid cancer incidence in women: the Japan collaborative cohort study.
Wang C, Yatsuya H, Li Y, Ota A, Tamakoshi K, Fujino Y, Mikami H, Iso H, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP), 25, 3, 239, 245, 2016年05月, ［査読有り］

Coffee drinking and colorectal cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review and meta-analysis among the Japanese population
Shamima Akter, Ikuko Kashino, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Matsuo, Hidemi Ito, Kenji Wakai, Chisato Nagata, Tomio Nakayama, Atsuko Sadakane, Keitaro Tanaka, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Norie Sawada, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Shizuka Sasazuki
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 46, 8, 781, Oxford University Press ({OUP}), 2016年05月, ［査読有り］

特定保健指導積極的支援利用者の1年後の体重減少に影響を与える個人特性の検討
岸 知子, 鵜川 重和, 村本 あき子, 中村 正和, 津下 一代, 玉腰 暁子
保健師ジャーナル, 72, 4, 316, 323, (株)医学書院, 2016年04月10日
日本語, 特定健診の結果から把握できる情報を用いて,積極的支援利用者の1年後の体重減少に影響を与える個人特性を検討した。2008(平成20)〜2011(平成23)年度に多施設共同研究に参加した4施設で特定健診を受け「積極的支援レベル」該当となった者のうち,積極的支援を利用し,かつ翌年の特定健診の結果から評価の可能であった40歳以上65歳未満の職域保険に加入する男性5888人を対象とした。年齢,BMI,収縮期血圧,拡張期血圧,中性脂肪,HDLコレステロール,空腹時血糖,HbA1c,喫煙状況を個人特性とし,これらの個人特性が1年後の体重減少に与える影響について多変量ロジスティック回帰分析を用いて検討した。その結果,対象者のうち2122人(36.0%)が3%以上の減量を達成した。1年後の体重減少に影響を与えた個人特性は,喫煙状況,収縮期血圧,中性脂肪であった。非喫煙者と比較し喫煙者で減量達成のオッズ比が0.84(95%信頼区間:0.74,0.95)と有意に低く,減量達成しづらかった。一方,収縮期血圧<130mmHgと比較して≧130mmHgの者で,また中性脂肪<150mg/dLと比較して≧150mg/dLの者で,有意ではないものの減量達成しやすい傾向にあった(p=0.07)。以上のことから,職域保険に加入する男性において,積極的支援による減量効果の大きい個人特性は,喫煙状況,収縮期血圧,中性脂肪であることが明らかになった。保健指導担当者は,積極的支援を利用する者の中でも非喫煙者,収縮期血圧高値者,中性脂肪高値者に対して保健指導により効率よく減量を促すことができる可能性が示唆された。(著者抄録)

Cigarette smoking and the risk of head and neck cancer in the Japanese population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Yuriko N. Koyanagi, Keitaro Matsuo, Hidemi Ito, Kenji Wakai, Chisato Nagata, Tomio Nakayama, Atsuko Sadakane, Keitaro Tanaka, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yumi Sugawara, Tetsuya Mizoue, Norie Sawada, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Shizuka Sasazuki, Shizuka Sasazuki, Shoichiro Tsugane, Manami Inoue, Motoki Iwasaki, Tetsuya Otani, Norie Sawada, Taichi Shimazu, Taiki Yamaji, Ichiro Tsuji, Yoshitaka Tsubono, Yoshikazu Nishino, Akiko Tamakoshi, Keitaro Matsuo, Hidemi Ito, Kenji Wakai, Chisato Nagata, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Tanaka, Tomio Nakayama, Atsuko Sadakane
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 46, 6, 580, Oxford University Press ({OUP}), 2016年04月, ［査読有り］

Association between falls and depressive symptoms or visual impairment among Japanese young-old adults
Reiji Kojima, Shigekazu Ukawa, Masahiko Ando, Takashi Kawamura, Kenji Wakai, Kazuyo Tsushita, Akiko Tamakoshi
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, 16, 3, 384, 391, WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AimTo investigate the association between falls and self-reported depressive symptoms or visual impairment among young-old adults.
MethodsA total of 1904 participants (986 men and 918 women) aged 64years from the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project from 1996 to 2005, an age-specific cohort study in Nisshin, Japan, took part in the present study. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale. Visual impairment was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The outcome variable was self-reported injurious falls at the age of 70years. Multivariate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of depressive symptoms and visual impairment for the incidence of falls were calculated using logistic regression models and adjusted for possible confounding factors.
ResultsOverall, 77 (7.8%) men and 126 (13.7%) women reported falls within the past 1year at age 70years. Among women, depressive symptoms and visual impairment were significantly associated with falls after adjusting for potential confounders (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.09-2.62; OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.45-3.71, respectively), but not among men. Women with both conditions had a significantly increased risk of falls after adjusting for potential confounders (OR 3.50, 95% CI 1.65-7.13) compared with those with neither condition; the association was not significant among men.
ConclusionsDepressive symptoms and visual impairment at age 64years were significantly associated with an increased risk of falls at age 70years in Japanese women but not in men. The combination of the two symptoms had an even greater association with fall risk. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; ..: ..-...

Calibration between the estimated probability of the risk assessment chart of Japan atherosclerosis society and actual mortality using external population
Nakai Michikazu, Miyamoto Yoshihiro, Higashiyama Aya, Murakami Yoshitaka, Nishimura Kunihiro, Yatsuya Hiroshi, Saitoh Shigeyuki, Sakata Kiyomi, Iso Hiroyasu, Miura Katsuyuki, Ueshima Hirotsugu, Okamura Tomonori, The EPOCH-JAPAN Research Group, EPOCH-JAPAN Research Group, Ueshima Hirotsugu, Okamura Tomonori, Ueshima Hirotsugu, Imai Yutaka, Ohkubo Takayoshi, Irie Fujiko, Iso Hiroyasu, Kitamura Akihiko, Kiyohara Yutaka, Miura Katsuyuki, Murakami Yoshitaka, Nakagawa Hideaki, Nakayama Takeo, Okayama Akira, Sairenchi Toshimi, Saitoh Shigeyuki, Sakata Kiyomi, Tamakoshi Akiko, Tsuji Ichiro, Yamada Michiko, Kiyama Masahiko, Miyamoto Yoshihiro, Ishikawa Shizukiyo, Yatsuya Hiroshi, Okamura Tomonori
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 23, 2, 176, 195, 一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会, 2016年02月01日, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, <p>Aim: In Japan Atherosclerosis Society guidelines for the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2012 (JAS2012), NIPPON DATA80 risk assessment chart (ND80RAC) was adopted to estimate the 10-year probability of coronary artery disease (CAD) mortality. However, there was no comparison between the estimated mortality calculated by ND80RAC and actual mortality in external populations. Accordingly, we used the large pooled database of cohorts in Japan, EPOCH-JAPAN, as an external population.Methods:The participants of EPOCH-JAPAN without a history of cardiovascular disease (15,091 men and 18,589 women aged 40–74 years) were analyzed based on sex. The probability of a 10-year risk of CAD/stroke mortality was estimated by ND80RAC. The participants were divided into both decile of their estimated mortality and three categories according to JAS2012. The calibration between the mean estimated mortality and the actual mortality was performed by the Hosmer and Lemeshow (H-L) test.Results: In both sexes, the estimated CAD mortality was higher than the actual mortality, particularly in higher deciles of estimated mortality, and the estimated stroke mortality was almost concord

HPV self-sampling in Japanese women: A feasibility study in a population with limited experience of tampon use
Hanley SJ, Fujita H, Yokoyama S, Kunisawa S, Tamakoshi A, Dong P, Kobayashi N, Watari H, Kudo M, Sakuragi N
Journal of Medical Screening, 2016年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Serum uric acid and mortality form cardiovascular disease
Zhang Wen, Iso Hiroyasu, Murakami Yoshitaka, Miura Katsuyuki, Nagai Masato, Sugiyama Daisuke, Ueshima Hirotsugu, Okamura Tomonori, Ueshima Hirotsugu, Imai Yutaka, Ohkubo Takayoshi, Irie Fujiko, Kitamura Akihiko, Kiyohara Yutaka, Nakagawa Hideaki, Nakayama Takeo, Okayama Akira, Sairenchi Toshimi, Saitoh Shigeyuki, Sakata Kiyomi, Tamakoshi Akiko, Tsuji Ichiro, Yamada Michiko, Kiyama Masahiko, Miyamoto Yoshihiro, Ishikawa Shizukiyo, Yatsuya Hiroshi
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 23, 6, 692, 703, 一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会, 2016年, ［査読有り］
英語, <p>Aim: To investigate the relationship between serum uric acid levels and cardiovascular disease in Asians. Methods: We examined the above relationship using the data of Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in Japan (EPOCH-JAPAN Study). The data of 36,313 subjects (15,628 men and 20,685 women aged 35 –89 years without histories of stroke, coronary heart disease, or cancer at baseline) were used for the analyses. Sex-specific hazard ratios (HRs) of mortality from cardiovascular disease were estimated according to the quintiles of serum uric acid using Cox hazard models stratified by cohorts. Results: During 441,771 person-years of follow-up, we documented 1,288 cardiovascular deaths. A J-or U-shaped relationship between serum uric acid level and cardiovascular disease mortality was observed. Compared with the lowest quintile of serum uric acid levels, the highest quintile was associated with an increased cardiovascular disease mortality in men [HR: 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01– 1.63] and women (HR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.14–1.99). However, there was no significant association with mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease or heart failure

Salty food preference and intake and risk of gastric cancer: The JACC study
Umesawa M, Iso H, Fujino Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A
Journal of Epidemiology, 26, 2, 92, 97, 2016年, ［査読有り］

Diabetes mellitus and risk of colorectal cancer mortality in Japan: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Tan C, Mori M, Adachi Y, Wakai K, Suzuki S, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Watanabe Y, Tamakoshi A
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 17, 10, 4681, 4688, 2016年, ［査読有り］

Skipping Breakfast and Risk of Mortality from Cancer, Circulatory Diseases and All Causes: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yae Yokoyama, Kazunari Onishi, Takenobu Hosoda, Hiroki Amano, Shinji Otani, Youichi Kurozawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
Yonago Acta Medica, 59, 1, 55, 60, 2016年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Cigarette smoking and bladder cancer risk: An evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence in the Japanese population
Masaoka H, Matsuo K, Ito H, Wakai K, Nagata C, Nakayama T, Sadakane A, Tanaka K, Tamakoshi A, Sugawara Y, Mizoue T, Sawada N, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Sasazuki S, Iwasaki M, Otani T, Shimazu T, Yamaji T, Tsuji I, Tsubono Y, Nishino Y
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 46, 3, 273, 283, 2016年, ［査読有り］

Risk factors for upper and lower urinary tract cancer death in a Japanese population: Findings from the Japan collaborative cohort study for evaluation of cancer risk (JACC Study)
Washio, M., Mori, M., Mikami, K., Miki, T., Watanabe, Y., Nakao, M., Kubo, T., Suzuki, K., Ozasa, K., Wakai, K., Tamakoshi, A.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 17, 7, 3545, 3549, 2016年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

A meta-analysis of individual participant data reveals an association between circulating levels of IGF-I and prostate cancer risk
Travis, R.C., Appleby, P.N., Martin, R.M., Holly, J.M.P., Albanes, D., Black, A., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B., Chan, J.M., Chen, C., Chirlaque, M.-D., Cook, M.B., Deschasaux, M., Donovan, J.L., Ferrucci, L., Galan, P., Giles, G.G., Giovannucci, E.L., Gunter, M.J., Habel, L.A., Hamdy, F.C., Helzlsouer, K.J., Hercberg, S., Hoover, R.N., Janssen, J.A.M.J.L., Kaaks, R., Kubo, T., Le Marchand, L., Metter, E.J., Mikami, K., Morris, J.K., Neal, D.E., Neuhouser, M.L., Ozasa, K., Palli, D., Platz, E.A., Pollak, M.N., Price, A.J., Roobol, M.J., Schaefer, C., Schenk, J.M., Severi, G., Stampfer, M.J., Stattin, P., Tamakoshi, A., Tangen, C.M., Touvier, M., Wald, N.J., Weiss, N.S., Ziegler, R.G., Key, T.J., Allen, N.E.
Cancer Research, 76, 8, 2288, 2300, 2016年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Weight Gain and Alcohol Drinking Associations with Breast Cancer Risk in Japanese Postmenopausal Women - Results from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study.
Nitta J, Nojima M, Ohnishi H, Mori M, Wakai K, Suzuki S, Fujino Y, Lin Y, Tamakoshi K, Tamakoshi A
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 17, 1437, 1443, 2016年, ［査読有り］

Dietary Patterns and Risk of Esophageal Cancer Mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Emiko Okada, Koshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Kiyomi Sakata, Chigusa Date, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi
NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, 68, 6, 1001, 1009, ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2016年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Several case-control studies have associated dietary patterns with esophageal cancer (EC) risk, but prospective studies are scarce. We investigated dietary pattern and EC mortality risk associations by smoking status. Participants were 26,562 40- to 79-yr-old Japanese men, who enrolled in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study between 1988 and 1990. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for EC mortality in nonsmokers and smokers were estimated using Cox proportional models. During follow-up (1988-2009), 132 participants died of EC. Using a baseline food frequency questionnaire and factor analysis, vegetable, animal, and dairy product food patterns were identified. EC risk decreased significantly with a higher factor score for the dairy product pattern (Ptrend = 0.042) and was more pronounced in smokers [multivariable HR (4th vs. 1st quartiles) = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.30, 1.09; Ptrend = 0.021]. Neither vegetable nor animal food patterns were significant overall; however, EC risk increased with a higher factor score for the animal food pattern in nonsmokers [multivariable HR (4th vs. 1st quartiles) = 6.01, 95% CI: 1.17, 30.88; Ptrend = 0.021], although the small number of events was a limitation. Our findings suggest a dairy product pattern may reduce EC risk in Japanese men, especially smokers.

Genome-wide association study-identified SNPs (rs3790844, rs3790843) in the NR5A2 gene and risk of pancreatic cancer in Japanese
Ueno M, Ohkawa S, Morimoto M, Ishii H, Matsuyama M, Kuruma S, Egawa N, Nakao H, Mori M, Matsuo K, Hosono S, Nojima M, Wakai K, Nakamura K, Tamakoshi A, Takahashi M, Shimada K, Nishiyama T, Kikuchi S, Lin Y
Sci Rep, 5, 17018, 2015年11月, ［査読有り］

Employment situation and risk of death among middle-aged Japanese women
Honjo K, Iso H, Ikeda A, Fujino Y, Tamakoshi A, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Motohashi Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Mikami H, Kurosawa M, Hoshiyama Y, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Kikuchi S, Wada Y, Kawamura T, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Miki T, Date C, Sakata K, Kurozawa Y, Yoshimura T, Shibata A, Okamoto N, Shio H
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 69, 10, 1012, 1017, 2015年10月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the health effects of employment situation among women, taking social and economic conditions into consideration. The objective of this research was to investigate the association of employment situation (full-time or part-time employee and self-employed) with mortality risk in women over a 20-year follow-up period. Additionally, we examined whether the association between employment situation and mortality in women differed by education level and marital status. METHODS: We investigated the association of employment situation with mortality among 16,692 women aged 40-59 years enrolled in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. Multivariate HRs and 95% CIs for total deaths by employment situation were calculated after adjustment for age, disease history, residential area, education level, marital status and number of children. We also conducted subgroup analysis by education level and marital status. RESULTS: Multivariate HRs for mortality of part-time employees and self-employed workers were 1.48 (95% CI, 1.25 to 1.75) and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.21 to 1.72), respectively, with reference to women working full-time. Subgroup analysis by education level indicated that health effects in women according to employment situation were likely to be more evident in the low education-level group. Subgroup analysis by marital status indicated that this factor also affected the association between employment situation and risk of death. CONCLUSIONS: Among middle-aged Japanese women, employment situation was associated with mortality risk. Health effects were likely to differ by household structure and socioeconomic conditions.

Long working hours and sleep problems among public junior high school teachers in Japan
Akira Bannai, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, 57, 5, 457, 464, JAPAN SOC OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, 2015年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objectives: Long working hours may impact human health. In Japan, teachers tend to work long hours. From 2002 to 2012, the number of leaves of absence due to diseases other than mental disorders, or mental disorders among public school teachers increased by 1.3 times (from 2,616 to 3,381), or 1.8 times (from 2,687 to 4,960), respectively. The present study aimed to investigate the association between long working hours and sleep problems among public school teachers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from mid-July to September 2013 in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. Questionnaires were distributed to 1,245 teachers in public junior high schools. Information about basic characteristics including working hours, and responses to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were collected anonymously. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for the association between long working hours and sleep problems separately by sex. Results: The response rate was 44.8% (n=558). After excluding ineligible responses, the final sample comprised 515 teachers (335 males and 180 females). Sleep problems was identified in 41.5% of males and 44.4% of females. Our results showed a significantly increased risk of sleep problems in males working >60 hours per week (OR 2.05 [95% CI 1.01-4.30]) compared with those working 40 hours per week. No significant association was found in females. Conclusions: There is a significant association between long working hours and sleep problems in male teachers. Reducing working hours may contribute to a reduction in sleep problems.

Association of measles and mumps with cardiovascular disease: The Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) study.
Kubota Y, Iso H, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Atherosclerosis, 241, 2, 682, 686, 2015年08月, ［査読有り］

Associations of Body Mass Index, Smoking, and Alcohol Consumption With Prostate Cancer Mortality in the Asia Cohort Consortium.
Fowke JH, McLerran DF, Gupta PC, He J, Shu XO, Ramadas K, Tsugane S, Inoue M, Tamakoshi A, Koh WP, Nishino Y, Tsuji I, Ozasa K, Yuan JM, Tanaka H, Ahn YO, Chen CJ, Sugawara Y, Yoo KY, Ahsan H, Pan WH, Pednekar M, Gu D, Xiang YB, Sauvaget C, Sawada N, Wang R, Kakizaki M, Tomata Y, Ohishi W, Butler LM, Oze I, Kim DH, You SL, Park SK, Parvez F, Chuang SY, Chen Y, Lee JE, Grant E, Rolland B, Thornquist M, Feng Z, Zheng W, Boffetta P, Sinha R, Kang D, Potter JD
American journal of epidemiology, 182, 5, 381, 389, 2015年08月, ［査読有り］

Risk of lung cancer and consumption of vegetables and fruit in Japanese: A pooled analysis of cohort studies in Japan.
Wakai K, Sugawara Y, Tsuji I, Tamakoshi A, Shimazu T, Matsuo K, Nagata C, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Sasazuki S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Cancer science, 106, 8, 1057, 1065, 2015年08月, ［査読有り］

A randomized controlled trial of a long-term functioning improvement tool home visit program for frail older Japanese people
Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Kota Ono
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, 30, 8, 887, U5, WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2015年08月, ［査読有り］
英語

Diabetes Mellitus is Associated With Low Secretion Rates of Immunoglobulin A in Saliva
Junko Oikawa, Shigekazu Ukawa, Hideki Ohira, Takashi Kawamura, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Akira Hata, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 25, 7, 470, 474, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2015年07月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and low secretory immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) secretion rates is one mechanism suspected of influencing susceptibility to infections among DM patients. However, several studies have shown contradictory results. We examined these two factors to seek evidence of an association among older people.
Methods: We analyzed a prospective cohort of 2306 subjects (1209 men and 1097 women) around 64 years old from the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation (NISSIN) Project in Nisshin, Japan. DM statuses were ascertained from levels of fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c, and s-IgA secretion rates were obtained from 5-min saliva samples. We used an analysis of covariance adjusted for possible confounders to compare s-IgA secretion rates according to DM status.
Results: s-IgA secretion rates in DM participants were lower than in those classified as normal (18.6 mu g/min vs 15.0 mu g/min, P = 0.03), even after elimination of the effects of possible confounders.
Conclusions: DM was associated with lower s-IgA secretion rates. This suggests that lower s-IgA levels may be a mechanism of susceptibility to infection in individuals with DM.

Association Between Average Daily Television Viewing Time and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Related Mortality: Findings From the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Masahiko Ando, Hiroyasu Iso
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 25, 6, 431, 436, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2015年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Sedentary behavior is associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer morbidity, and watching television (TV) is an important sedentary behavior. The aim of this study is to clarify the association between TV viewing time and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-related mortality in Japanese adults.
Methods: Using the Cox proportional hazard model, we assessed COPD-related mortality by TV viewing time in a national cohort of 33 414 men and 43 274 women without cancer, stroke, myocardial infarction, or tuberculosis at baseline (1988-1990).
Results: The median follow-up was 19.4 years; 244 men and 34 women died of COPD. Men watching >= 4 hours/day of TV were more likely to die of COPD than those watching <2 hours/day (hazard ratio 1.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-2.55), independent of major confounders. No association was found in women.
Conclusions: Avoiding a sedentary lifestyle, particularly prolonged TV viewing, may help in preventing death from COPD among men.

Multivitamin use and risk of stroke mortality: the Japan collaborative cohort study.
Dong JY, Iso H, Kitamura A, Tamakoshi A, Japan Collaborative Cohort, Study Group
Stroke, 46, 5, 1167, 1172, 2015年05月, ［査読有り］

「転倒予防」シリーズ(No.4) 転ばない生活講座 転倒・外傷予防効果の検証
饗場 郁子, 吉岡 勝, 松尾 秀徳, 乾 俊夫, 飛田 宗重, 千田 圭二, 土井 静樹, 豊岡 圭子, 藤村 晴俊, 玉腰 暁子
医療, 69, 4, 199, 203, (一社)国立医療学会, 2015年04月
日本語

富良野二次医療圏の農業従事者と非農業従事者の生活習慣の比較　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
岸 知子, 岡田 恵美子, 鵜川 重和, 杉浦 三鈴, 玉腰 暁子
北海道公衆衛生学雑誌, 28, 2, 61, 67, 北海道公衆衛生学会, 2015年03月, ［査読有り］
日本語, 平成23年11月に実施された平成23年度健康づくり道民調査の富良野圏域の結果を用いて、富良野圏域の農業者と非農業者の生活習慣を比較した。対象者は平成23年10月に富良野圏域の5市町村から任意に選定された3地区87世帯303人のうち、調査協力の得られた57世帯149人であった。96人から有効回答を得た。対象者のうち農業者は53人(55.2%)であった。農業者で男性の割合が高かった。平均年齢は農業者で男性55.5歳、女性54.6歳、非農業者で男性56.5歳、女性57.0歳であった。農業者と非農業者で、1日の歩行数(農業者8904歩、非農業者6703歩)に有意差がみられた。しかし、運動習慣のあるものの割合は農業者のほうが低い傾向にあることが分かった。また、脂質(農業者46.1g/非農業者53.7g)、食塩(農業者11.5g/非農業者9.4g)の摂取量に有意差が見られた。また、農業者は有意に野菜類の摂取が多く、肉類、油脂類の摂取量が有意に低いことが明らかになった。

要介護者における転倒による重篤な外傷の発生頻度および特徴:～医療・介護を要する在宅患者の転倒に関する多施設共同前向き研究（J-FALLS）～
饗場 郁子, 齋藤 由扶子, 吉岡 勝, 松尾 秀徳, 藤村 晴俊, 乾 俊夫, 川井 充, 飛田 宗重, 千田 圭二, 金子 真理子, 松田 直美, 玉腰 暁子
日本転倒予防学会誌, 2, 1, 19, 33, The Japanese Society for Fall Prevention, 2015年
日本語, 【目的】要介護状態にある在宅患者の転倒および転倒による重篤な外傷の発生頻度および重篤な外傷に至った転倒の特徴を，1 年間の前向き調査により明らかにする。【方法】対象は国立病院機構44 施設へ通院し，介護保険制度にて要介護・要支援と認定されている在宅患者1,415 例。男性631 例，女性784 例。年齢75.5 ± 9.6（41 ～ 103）歳。登録時に基本情報，転倒に関する問診，介護保険主治医意見書の項目，薬剤（転倒危険薬・骨粗鬆症治療薬）を調査し，神経内科専門医が運動機能・認知機能を評価後，1年間転倒および転倒による重篤な有害事象（骨折，入院を要する外傷，死亡）を前向きに観察し，年間発生率（1 年当たりの転倒による重篤な外傷を生じた人数／対象人数），および100 人年当たりの発生頻度を求めた。転倒による重篤な外傷が発生した場合には，詳細な調査を行い，発生6 か月目の移動能力，要介護度などを調査した。【結果】転倒による重篤な外傷は1,415 名中94 名（6.6 ％），100 人年当たり8.93 発生した。内訳は骨折85 名（6.0 ％，8.08 ／ 100 人年），入院を要する外傷47 名（3.3 ％，4.47 ／ 100 人年），死亡0 名。転倒した患者は不明33 名を除いた1,382 名中806 名（58.3 ％）であった。骨折部位は上肢21 件（1.5 ％），脊椎19 件（1.3 ％），肋骨16 件（1.1 ％），大腿骨頸部14 件（1.0 ％）。重篤な外傷に至った転倒は，屋内が63 件（67.0 ％）と多く，特に居間が19 件（20.2 ％）と最も多かった。歩行中が最も多く37 件（39.4 ％），次いで歩き出す13 件（13.8 ％），立ち上がる13 件（13.8 ％）が同程度であった。状況はバランスを崩して62 件（66.0 ％）が圧倒的に多かった。転倒のきっかけとなった行動は，排泄14件（14.9 ％），物をとろうとして12 件（12.8 ％）であった。ぶつかった物はフローリングが最も多く，次いでコンクリート17 件（18.1 ％）であった。重篤な外傷発生6 か月後，有意に移動能力は低下し，在宅復帰できていたのは81.6 ％，入院中13.8 ％，施設入所4.6 ％であった。受傷前に比べ移動能力，要介護度ともに有意に悪化していた（p ＜ 0.001）。【結論】わが国における要介護在宅患者の転倒による重篤な外傷発生率は地域高齢者の約3 倍であった。重篤な外傷発生後，移動能力は有意に悪化し，在宅復帰できていたのは約8 割であった。

Association of gait speed with mortality among the Japanese elderly in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project: a prospective cohort study.
Zhao W, Ukawa S, Tsushita K, Kawamura T, Wakai K, Ando M, Tamakoshi A
Age and ageing, 44, 1, 153, 157, 2015年01月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: gait speed is associated with mortality among the elderly, but evidence for this in Japan is lacking. We investigated the impact of gait speed on mortality among younger-elderly people and determined whether daily walking modifies that association. Subjects: data were obtained from 2,105 community-dwelling individuals (990 men, 1,025 women) approaching age 65 who were free of heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and cancer, and who were enrolled in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project between 1996 and 2003. Methods: Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to gait speed and daily walking. We adjusted for potential confounders, including survey year, marital status, work status, education, smoking and drinking status, body mass index and medical history. Results: during the total 21,192 person-year follow-up to age 75, 188 participants (140 men, 48 women) died. Slow gait speed was significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality among men after full adjustment (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.08-2.63). This association disappeared when men with slow gait speed walked ≥1 h/day (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.34-2.25) compared with subjects with normal or fast gait speed walking >1 h/day. Slow gait speed yielded a threefold greater risk of mortality when women walked ≥1 h/day (HR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.34-6.49), compared with the normal- or fast-gait group. Conclusion: slow gait speed is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality among younger-elderly people. Daily walking was found to modify this association among men.

Relationship between sleep duration and cause-specific mortality in diabetic men and women based on self-reports
Kubota Yasuhiko, Iso Hiroyasu, Ikehara Satoyo, Tamakoshi Akiko
SLEEP AND BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS, 13, 1, 85, 93, 2015年01月, ［査読有り］

Helicobacter pylori infection and risk of death from cardiovascular disease among the Japanese population: A nested case-control study within the JACC study
Lin Y, Obata Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Iso H, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Kaneko Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Iso H, Mikami H, Kurosawa M, Hoshiyama Y, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Kikuchi S, Wada Y, Kawamura T, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Miki T, Date C, Sakata K, Kurozawa Y, Yoshimura T, Fujino Y, Shibata A, Okamoto N, Shio H
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 22, 11, 1207, 1213, Japan Atherosclerosis Society, 2015年, ［査読有り］
英語, Aim: An increasing number of studies have linked Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection to extragastric diseases; however, the role of H. pylori in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. We examined the association between H. pylori infection and risk of death from coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in a nested case-control study within a large prospective cohort study of Japanese subjects.
Methods: The cases were 627 subjects who died from CHD and stroke during the follow-up period until December 31, 2003, and 627 control subjects were selected and matched to cases on sex, age, and area. Commercial immunoassay IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used for the determination of the seropositivity for H. pylori. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a conditional logistic regression model.
Results: Overall, H. pylori infection was not associated with CVD (CHD and stroke) mortality risk. The multivariable OR was 0.96 (0.76–1.21) for the H. pylori positive subjects in comparison with H. pylori negative subjects. As for the subtype of CVD, H. pylori appears to be inversely associated with the risk of death from CHD, with an OR of 0.79 (0.50–1.25), but this was not statistically significant. No significant association was observed between H. pylori infection and stroke, with an OR of 1.02 (0.78–1.33).
Conclusion: The results of this nested case-control study suggest that there is no association between H. pylori infection and CHD and stroke mortality risk in otherwise healthy, elderly Japanese individuals.

Association of body mass index and mortality in Japanese diabetic men and women based on self-reports: The Japan collaborative cohort (JACC) study
Kubota Y, Iso H, Tamakoshi A, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Mikami H, Kurosawa M, Hoshiyama Y, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Kikuchi S, Wada W, Kawamura T, Watanabe Y, Ozasa O, Miki T, Date C, Sakata K, Kurozawa Y, Yoshimura T, Fujino Y, Shibata a, Okamoto N, Shio H
Journal of Epidemiology, 25, 8, 553, 558, 2015年, ［査読有り］

Prospective Cohort Study on Television Viewing Time and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Mortality: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ukawa,S, Tamakoshi,A, Yatsuya,H, Yamagishi,K, Ando,M, Iso,H
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 44, 1, 167, 167, OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2015年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

Milk drinking and mortality: findings from the Japan collaborative cohort study.
Wang C, Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi K, Iso H, Tamakoshi A
Journal of epidemiology, 25, 1, 66, 73, 2015年, ［査読有り］

Association between shift work and the risk of death from biliary tract cancer in Japanese men
Lin, Y., Nishiyama, T., Kurosawa, M., Tamakoshi, A., Kubo, T., Fujino, Y., Kikuchi, S., Mori, M., Sakauchi, F., Motohashi, Y., Tsuji, I., Nakamura, Y., Iso, H., Mikami, H., Hoshiyama, Y., Tanabe, N., Wakai, K., Tokudome, S., Suzuki, K., Hashimoto, S., Wada, Y., Kawamura, T., Watanabe, Y., Ozasa, K., Miki, T., Date, C., Sakata, K., Kurozawa, Y., Yoshimura, T., Shibata, A., Okamoto, N., Shio, H.
BMC Cancer, 15, 1, 2015年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Television viewing time and mortality from stroke and coronary artery disease among Japanese men and women -- the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Ikehara S, Iso H, Wada Y, Tanabe N, Watanabe Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Circ J., 79, 11, 2389, 2395, 2015年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Association of gait speed with mortality among the Japanese elderly in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project: a prospective cohort study.
Wenjing Zhao, Shigekazu Ukawa, Kazuyo Tsushita, Takashi Kawamura, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Akiko Tamakoshi
Age and ageing, 44, 1, 153, 7, 2015年01月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: gait speed is associated with mortality among the elderly, but evidence for this in Japan is lacking. We investigated the impact of gait speed on mortality among younger-elderly people and determined whether daily walking modifies that association. SUBJECTS: data were obtained from 2,105 community-dwelling individuals (990 men, 1,025 women) approaching age 65 who were free of heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and cancer, and who were enrolled in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project between 1996 and 2003. METHODS: Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to gait speed and daily walking. We adjusted for potential confounders, including survey year, marital status, work status, education, smoking and drinking status, body mass index and medical history. RESULTS: during the total 21,192 person-year follow-up to age 75, 188 participants (140 men, 48 women) died. Slow gait speed was significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality among men after full adjustment (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.08-2.63). This association disappeared when men with slow gait speed walked ≥1 h/day (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.34-2.25) compared with subjects with normal or fast gait speed walking >1 h/day. Slow gait speed yielded a threefold greater risk of mortality when women walked ≥1 h/day (HR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.34-6.49), compared with the normal- or fast-gait group. CONCLUSION: slow gait speed is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality among younger-elderly people. Daily walking was found to modify this association among men.

Long working hours and psychological distress among school teachers in Japan
Akira Bannai, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, 57, 1, 20, 27, JAPAN SOC OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, 2015年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Medicine Objectives: Long working hours have the possibility to influence human health. In Japan, it is well known that teachers have long working hours, and the number of leaves of absence due to mental disorders among public school teachers increased from 2,687 in 2002 to 4,960 in 2012. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between long working hours and psychological distress among school teachers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from mid-July to September in 2013 in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. Questionnaires were distributed to 1,245 teachers in public junior high schools. Information about basic characteristics, including working hours, and responses to the General Health Questionnaire-28 were collected anonymously. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for the association between long working hours and psychological distress by gender. Results: Of the 1,245 teachers contacted, 558 (44.8%) responded. After excluding responses with missing data, the final sample included 522 teachers (337 males and 185 females). Psychological distress was identified in 47.8% of males and 57.8% of females. Our results showed a significantly increased risk only in males working >60 hours per week (adjusted OR=4.71 [95% CI 2.04-11.56]) compared with those working <= 40 hours per week. There were no significant associations between long working hours and psychological distress for females. Conclusions: There is a significant association between long working hours and psychological distress in male teachers. However, the causal relationship remains unclear. Further studies such as cohort studies with large sample sizes are needed.

[A systematic review of intervention programs for frail elderly people enrolled in the Japanese social long-term care insurance system].
Ukawa S, Tamakoshi A, Sakamoto A
[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health, 62, 1, 3, 19, 2015年, ［査読有り］

[Risk factors for ischemic heart disease in males in the prime of life: An eight-year follow-up study].
Yoko Hatanaka, Akiko Tamakoshi, Kazuyo Tsushita
Sangyo eiseigaku zasshi = Journal of occupational health, 57, 3, 67, 76, 2015年, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
日本語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: In order to prevent ischemic heart disease in working adult males, we analyzed risk factors by age groups based on data from an eight-year follow-up study of male employees enrolled in the Denso Health Insurance Program. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Of the 27,945 male employees aged 30 to 55 enrolled in the program in 2003, the data of 19,742 (70.6%) who underwent regular health checkups were analyzed. Information obtained from health insurance claims for hospitalization and cause of death from discontinuation data were used to analyze risk factors for ischemic heart disease by age group. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated from Cox proportional-hazards models. RESULTS: In males aged 30-39 years, a BMI of 25.0-27.5 was associated with a 2.21 higher risk of ischemic heart disease (95%CI: 1.01-4.84) than those not overweight (BMI of <25.0); LDL of 160 mg/dl or more was associated with a 3.85 higher risk (95%CI:1.62-9.14) than LDL of less than 120 mg/dl; and FPG of 160 mg/dl or more was associated with a 6.43 higher risk (95%CI: 1.02-40.63) than a FPG of less than 110 mg/dl. For males aged 40-55 years, higher LDL was a risk factor of ischemic heart disease (1.95 (95%CI: 1.28-2.98) and 1.97 (95%CI: 1.34-2.90) for LDL of more than 160 mg/dl and 140-159 mg/dl, respectively), compared to those with LDL of less than 120 mg/dl. In the same age group, compared to those unaffected, the risk of ischemic heart disease was 1.94 times higher (95%CI: 1.27-2.97) and 1.61 times higher (95%CI: 1.08-2.40) for those treated for hypertension and hyperlipidemia, respectively. Furthermore, compared to non-smokers, those smoking more than 20 cigarettes a day had 3.12 higher risk (95%CI: 1.21-8.06) and 1.81 higher risk (95%CI: 1.25-2.62) of ischemic heart disease in the 30-39 and 40-55 years age groups, respectively. Interaction effects with age group were not significant. DISCUSSION: In males aged 30-39 years having a high BMI, LDL, FPG, and smoking more than 20 cigarettes increased the risk of ischemic heart disease. For males aged 40-55 years taking medication for hypertension and hyperlipidemia increased the risk. To prevent ischemic heart disease during the prime of life, offering support for weight control and stopping smoking is necessary in younger age groups. Moreover, implementing a long-term risk management plan to prevent the onset of hypertension, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia is also important.

Health Benefits of Daily Walking on Mortality Among Younger-Elderly Men With or Without Major Critical Diseases in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project: A Prospective Cohort Study
Wenjing Zhao, Shigekazu Ukawa, Takashi Kawamura, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Kazuyo Tsushita, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 25, 10, 609, 616, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2015年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Regular physical activity contributes to the prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic diseases. However, the frequency of physical activity often declines with age, particularly among the elderly. Thus, we investigated the effects of daily walking on mortality among younger-elderly men (65-74 years) with or without major critical diseases (heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, or cancer).
Methods: We assessed 1239 community-dwelling men aged 64/65 years from the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to daily walking duration and adjusted for potential confounders, including survey year, marital status, work status, education, smoking and drinking status, BMI, regular exercise, regular sports, sleeping time, medical status, disease history, and functional capacity.
Results: For men without critical diseases, mortality risk declined linearly with increased walking time after adjustment for confounders (P-trend = 0.018). Walking >= 2 hours/day was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27-0.90). For men with critical diseases, walking 1-2 hours/day showed a protective effect on mortality compared with walking <0.5 hours/day after adjustment for confounders (HR 0.29; 95% CI, 0.06-1.20). Walking >= 2 hours/day showed no benefit on mortality in men with critical diseases, even after adjustment for confounders.
Conclusions: Different duration of daily walking was associated with decreased mortality for younger-elderly men with or without critical diseases, independent of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, BMI, medical status, disease history, and functional capacity. Incorporating regular walking into daily lives of younger-elderly men may improve longevity and successful aging.

Body Mass Index Is Associated with Hypertension in Japanese Young Elderly Individuals: Findings of the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation
Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando, Takashi Kawamura
INTERNAL MEDICINE, 54, 24, 3121, 3125, JAPAN SOC INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2015年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective This study aimed to investigate the association between BMI at 65 years of age and the development of hypertension during the subsequent five years.
Methods A total of 1,003 participants (65 years of age) who had no history of myocardial infarction and/or hypertension at baseline health check-ups (1996-2005) and participated in a secondary health check-up when the subjects reached 70 years of age were analyzed.
Results Using fully adjusted models, men with a BMI of < 18.5 [odds ratio (OR), 4.08; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.32-1.83], BMI of 23.0-24.9 (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.18-3.40) and BMI of >= 25.0 (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.10-3.56) were found to be at higher risk of developing hypertension than did those with a BMI of 18.5-22.9.
Conclusion Leanness or being overweight/obese at age 65 increases the risk of subsequent hypertension.

Short Sleep Duration Increases the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Shift Workers
Sachiko Sasaki, Eiji Yoshioka, Yasuaki Saijo, Toshiko Kita, Akiko Tamakoshi, Reiko Kishi
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE, 56, 12, 1243, 1248, LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2014年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective: To investigate the association of sleep duration and shift work with development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Japanese workers. Methods: A total of 3600 participants without CKD were observed for an average of 4.4 years. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the risk of CKD associated with sleep duration and shift work. Results: Sleep duration and shift work showed no significant association with the risk of CKD. Nevertheless, when the results were stratified by shift work status, short sleep duration was associated with a significantly higher risk of CKD among shift workers (hazard ratio = 3.60; 95% confidence interval: 1.52 to 10.68). Conclusions: Short sleep duration was a risk factor for early CKD but only among shift workers.

Case-control study of diabetes-related genetic variants and pancreatic cancer risk in Japan
Kuruma S, Egawa N, Kurata M, Honda G, Kamisawa T, Ueda J, Ishii H, Ueno M, Nakao H, Mori M, Matsuo K, Hosono S, Ohkawa S, Wakai K, Nakamura K, Tamakoshi A, Nojima M, Takahashi M, Shimada K, Nishiyama T, Kikuchi S, Lin Y
World J Gastroenterol, 20, 46, 17456, 17462, 2014年12月, ［査読有り］

Diabetes Mellitus and Liver Cancer Risk: An Evaluation Based on a Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Evidence among the Japanese Population
Keitaro Tanaka, Ichiro Tsuji, Akiko Tamakoshi, Keitaro Matsuo, Kenji Wakai, Chisato Nagata, Tetsuya Mizoue, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Shizuka Sasazuki
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 44, 10, 986, 999, OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2014年10月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective: The potential associations of diabetes mellitus with malignant neoplasms including liver cancer have become a great concern from both clinical and preventive perspectives. Although sufficient evidence for a positive association between diabetes and liver cancer already exists, it would be informative to summarize up-to-date epidemiologic data in Japan.
Methods: We systematically reviewed epidemiologic studies on diabetes and liver cancer among Japanese populations. Original data were obtained by searching the MEDLINE (PubMed) and Ichushi databases, complemented with manual searches. The evaluation was performed in terms of the magnitude of association in each study and the strength of evidence ('convincing', 'probable', 'possible' or 'insufficient'), together with biological plausibility.
Results: We identified 19 cohort studies, one pooled-analysis of seven cohort studies, and seven case-control studies. Of 24 relative risk estimates of liver cancer for diabetes reported in those cohort studies, 17 showed a weak to strong positive association, six revealed no association and one demonstrated a weak inverse association (summary relative risk 2.10, 95% confidence interval 1.60-2.76). Ten relative risk estimates from the case-control studies showed a weak to strong positive association (n = 9) or no association (n = 1; summary relative risk 2.32, confidence interval 1.73-3.12). Overall, the summary relative risk became 2.18 (confidence interval 1.78-2.69). Heterogeneity in relative risks was significant for the difference in categories of study population (P = 0.01), but not in study type (P = 0.39) or sex (P = 0.33).
Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus 'probably' increases the risk of liver cancer among the Japanese population.

Three percent weight reduction is the minimum requirement to improve health hazards in obese and overweight people in Japan.
Muramoto A, Matsushita M, Kato A, Yamamoto N, Koike G, Nakamura M, Numata T, Tamakoshi A, Tsushita K
Obesity research & clinical practice, 8, 5, e466, 75, 2014年09月, ［査読有り］

Associations of daily walking and television viewing time with liver cancer mortality: findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Kenji Wakai, Youichi Kurozawa
CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL, 25, 7, 787, 793, SPRINGER, 2014年07月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Several studies have suggested that daily vigorous physical activity reduces the risk of liver cancer, whereas sedentary behavior increases the risk of several cancers. However, the link between liver cancer and low-intensity physical activity (walking) and sedentary behavior is unclear. Therefore, we explored the links between liver cancer mortality and daily walking time/television (TV) viewing time in Japanese adults aged 40-79 years in a large-scale nationwide cohort study.
We excluded participants with a history of liver disease, cancer, stroke, or myocardial infarction at baseline (1988-1990) and those who died within the first 5 years of follow-up. A total of 69,752 adults (28,642 men and 41,110 women) were enrolled and followed for a median of 19.4 years. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for liver cancer mortality adjusted for age, sex, and other possible confounding factors.
During the study period, 267 participants died of liver cancer. The HRs of participants who walked for > 0.5 h/day and watched TV for 2-4 versus < 2 h/day were 0.58 (95 % CI 0.39-0.89) and 0.58 (95 % CI 0.35-0.98), respectively, compared with those who walked for < 0.5 h/day and watched TV for > 4 h/day.
Our findings suggest that longer walking times and shorter TV viewing times may reduce the risk of liver cancer.

Social participation and the prevention of functional disability in older Japanese: The JAGES cohort study
Satoru Kanamori, Yuko Kai, Jun Aida, Katsunori Kondo, Ichiro Kawachi, Hiroshi Hirai, Kokoro Shirai, Yoshiki Ishikawa, Kayo Suzuki, K. Kondo, M. Hanazato, H. Hikichi, Y. Miyaguni, Y. Sasaki, Y. Nagamine, T. Ashida, N. Kondo, D. Takagi, Y. Tani, K. Osaka, T. Tsuboya, S. Jeong, C. Murata, T. Saito, T. Ojima, E. Okada, H. Todoriki, M. Saito, J. Misawa, Y. Ichida, T. Takeda, T. Yamamoto, M. Nakade, N. Cable, A. Tamakoshi, Y. Fujino, Y. Shobugawa, T. Hayashi
PLoS ONE, 9, 6, 2014年06月12日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: We examined the relationship between incident functional disability and social participation from the perspective of number of types of organizations participated in and type of social participation in a prospective cohort study. Method: The study was based on the Aichi Gerontological Evaluation Study (AGES) Cohort Study data. We followed 13,310 individuals aged 65 years or older for 4 years. Analysis was carried out on 12,951 subjects, excluding 359 people whose information on age or sex was missing. Social participation was categorized into 8 types. Results: Compared to those that did not participate in any organizations, the hazard ratio (HR) was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.73-0.95) for participation in one, 0.72 (0.61-0.85) for participation in two, and 0.57 (0.46-0.70) for participation in three or more different types of organizations. In multivariable adjusted models, participation in the following types of organization was protective for incident disability: local community organizations (HR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76-0.96), hobby organizations (HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.64-0.87), and sports organizations (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.54-0.81). Conclusion: Social participation may decrease the risk of incident functional disability in older people in Japan. This effect may be strengthened by participation in a variety of different types of organizations. Participating in a local community, hobby, or sports group or organization may be especially effective for decreasing the risk of disability. © 2014 Kanamori et al.

Association of Mechanical Ventilation and Flue Use in Heaters With Asthma Symptoms in Japanese Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study in Sapporo, Japan
Shi Cong, Atsuko Araki, Shigekazu Ukawa, Yu Ait Bamai, Shuji Tajima, Ayako Kanazawa, Motoyuki Yuasa, Akiko Tamakoshi, Reiko Kishi
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 24, 3, 230, 238, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2014年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Use of fuel heaters is associated with childhood asthma. However, no studies have evaluated the associations of flue use and mechanical ventilation (ventilation) with asthma symptoms in schoolchildren.
Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated schoolchildren in grades 1 through 6 (age 6-12 years) in Sapporo, Japan. From November 2008 through January 2009, parents completed questionnaires regarding their home environment and their children's asthma symptoms.
Results: In total, 4445 (69.5%) parents of 6393 children returned the questionnaire. After excluding incomplete responses, data on 3874 children (60.6%) were analyzed. The prevalence of current asthma symptoms and ever asthma symptoms were 12.8% and 30.9%, respectively. As compared with electric heaters, current asthma symptoms was associated with use of flued heaters without ventilation (OR = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.03-2.64) and unflued heaters with ventilation (OR = 1.77; 95% CI, 1.09-2.95) or without ventilation (OR = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.31-3.85). Regardless of dampness, unflued heaters were significantly associated with current asthma symptoms in the presence and absence of ventilation.
Conclusions: Use of unflued heaters was associated with current asthma symptoms, regardless of dampness. In particular, the prevalence of current asthma symptoms was higher in the absence of ventilation than in the presence of ventilation. Ever asthma symptoms was only associated with use of unflued heaters without ventilation. Consequently, use of fuel heaters, especially those that have no flue or ventilation, deserves attention, as their use might be associated with childhood asthma symptoms.

Is the association between healthy lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular. mortality modified by overweight status? The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Eri Eguchi, Hiroyasu Iso, Naohito Tanabe, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Akiko Tamakoshi
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, 62, 142, 147, ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2014年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective: To examine the modifying effects of overweight status on the association of healthy lifestyle behaviors with cardiovascular mortality in the Japanese population.
Methods: A community-based, prospective cohort of 18,730 men and 24,216 women aged 40-79 years without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer at baseline (1988-1990) was followed until 2009. Healthy lifestyle behaviors included intake of fruits, fish, and milk; exercise; avoidance of smoking; moderate alcohol intake; and moderate sleep duration.
Results: During the median of 19.3 years of follow-up, there were 2412 deaths from total CVD. Inverse associations between healthy lifestyle scores and mortality from stroke, total CVD, and coronary heart disease (CHD) were observed for non-overweight and overweight (body mass index >= 25 kg/m(2)) individuals, although the association was weaker for overweight individuals. The multivariable hazard ratios (HRs, 95% confidence interval) of mortality from total CVD for the highest (6-7) versus the lowest (0-2) scores were 0.44 (0.37-0.54) for non-overweight and 0.56 (0.39-0.81) for overweight individuals. Especially for CHD mortality, such association was more evident for non-overweight compared to that for overweight individuals.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that lifestyle modification may be beneficial in the prevention of cardiovascular mortality for persons who are and are not overweight. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl acids and allergic diseases in early childhood
Emiko Okada, Seiko Sasaki, Ikuko Kashino, Hideyuki Matsuura, Chihiro Miyashita, Sumitaka Kobayashi, Kumiko Itoh, Tamiko Ikeno, Akiko Tamakoshi, Reiko Kishi
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL, 65, 127, 134, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2014年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are persistent organic pollutants that are detected in humans worldwide. Laboratory animal studies have shown that PFAAs are associated with immunotoxic effects. However, epidemiological studies investigating the role of PFAAs, in particular PFAAs with longer chains than perfluorooctanoic acid, are scarce. We investigated associations between prenatal exposure to PFAAs, including long-chain compounds, and infant allergic diseases at 12 and 24 months in a large study population. The participants included mothers and their infants who enrolled in the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health 2003-2009. Eleven PFAAs were measured in maternal plasma taken at 28-32 weeks of gestation using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Characteristics of participants and information on infant allergic diseases were obtained from self-administered questionnaires and medical records. At 24 months, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) (first vs. fourth quartiles) for eczema in association with higher maternal perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) levels was 0.62 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.45, 0.86). After stratification by gender, the adjusted ORs in female infants from mothers with higher maternal perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) and PFTrDA levels were also statistically significant (PFUnDA: OR = 0.50; 95% CI, 030, 0.81; PFTrDA: OR = 0.39; 95% CI, 0.23, 0.64). Our findings suggest that lower prenatal exposure to PFTrDA may decrease the risk of developing eczema in early childhood, only in female infants. 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Soy Intake and Breast Cancer Risk: An Evaluation Based on a Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Evidence Among the Japanese Population
Chisato Nagata, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Tanaka, Ichiro Tsuji, Akiko Tamakoshi, Keitaro Matsuo, Kenji Wakai, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Shizuka Sasazuki
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 44, 3, 282, 295, OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2014年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, Objective: We reviewed epidemiological studies of soy intake and breast cancer among Japanese women. This report is one among a series of articles by our research group, which is evaluating the existing evidence concerning the association between health-related lifestyles and cancer.
Methods: Original data were obtained from MEDLINE searches using PubMed or from searches of the Ichushi database, complemented with manual searches. Evaluation of associations was based on the strength of evidence and the magnitude of association, together with biological plausibility.
Results: Five cohort studies and six case-control studies were identified. Among the cohort studies, two studies observed that total soy intake (in terms of total amounts of soy foods or soy isoflavones) was associated with a moderate (0.5 <= relative risk <= 0.67 with statistical significance) or strong (relative risk <= 0.5 with statistical significance) risk reduction of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Among the case-control studies, two studies reported a weak (0.67 <= odds ratio <= 1.5 with statistical significance or 0.5 <= odds ratio <= 0.67 without statistical significance) inverse association between total soy intake and the risk of breast cancer. In the former, this association was observed in all women combined-premenopausal and postmenopausal women-but in the latter, the association was confined to postmenopausal women. The associations of intakes of individual soy foods with the risk of breast cancer were generally null. There is some evidence that supports the biological plausibility of a protective effect of isoflavones on breast cancer risk.
Conclusions: We conclude that soy intake possibly decreases the risk of breast cancer among Japanese women.

Association Between Weight Change Since 20 Years of Age With Mortality From Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Heart Failure in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study
Renzhe Cui, Hiroyasu Iso, Naohito Tanabe, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Akiko Tamakoshi
CIRCULATION JOURNAL, 78, 3, 649, 655, JAPANESE CIRCULATION SOC, 2014年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Weight gain is an important risk factor of coronary artery disease, but there is limited evidence for an effect of weight change on heart failure (HF) mortality.
Methods and Results: A total of 61,571 subjects aged 40-79 years were selected. Participants were already enrolled in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) study, for whom data regarding weight at the age of 20 years of age were available. The underlying causes of death were determined based on the International Classification of Diseases. During the median 19.3-year follow-up of the cohort, there were 640 deaths from myocardial infarction (MI) and 605 deaths from HF. Men and women who had gained weight had a higher risk of mortality from MI, whereas those who had lost weight had a higher risk of mortality from HF. Compared to subjects with no weight change (within +/- 5.0 kg), the multivariate hazard ratios (HR; 95% confidence interval [Cl]) of MI for weight change of +10.0 kg or more were 1.51 (1.11-2.06) for men and 1.80 (1.23-2.64) for women, whereas HRs of HF were 0.76 (0.51-1.13) and 0.94 (0.66-1.33), respectively. The corresponding HRs of MI for weight change of -10.0 kg or more were 0.86 (0.57-1.31) for men and 0.90 (0.54-1.53) for women, whereas those of HF were 1.33 (0.93-1.89) and 1.48 (1.04-2.12), respectively.
Conclusions: High BMI and weight gain are associated with increased risk of mortality from MI, whereas low BMI and weight loss are associated with increased risk of mortality from HF.

The association between long working hours and health: A systematic review of epidemiological evidence
Akira Bannai, Akiko Tamakoshi
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH, 40, 1, 5, 18, SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH, 2014年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, Objectives Many studies have investigated the association between long working hours and health. By focusing on differences in the definition of long working hours and the influence of shift work, we attempt to explain why the results of these studies remain inconclusive.
Methods We defined long working hours as working time greater than around 40 hours per week or 8 hours per day. Since previous studies have indicated that shift work is detrimental to health, we minimized the influence of shift work in the studies. We also placed importance on the existence of reference groups since this made the results clearer. Based on these points, we analyzed previous studies to clarify the epidemiological evidence regarding the association between long working hours and health. We established inclusion criteria and carried out a systematic search for articles published in the Medline and PsycINFO databases between 1995-2012.
Results We identified a total of 17 articles and 19 studies (12 prospective cohort and 7 cross-sectional studies). The outcomes were all-cause mortality, circulatory disease, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, depressive state, anxiety, other psychological disorders, sleep condition, cognitive function, and health-related behavior. Long working hours had significant adverse effects on most health outcomes.
Conclusions We concluded that working long hours is associated with depressive state, anxiety, sleep condition, and coronary heart disease. However, further studies that appropriately deal with the definition of long working hours and shift work are needed.

Inalienable right to withdraw from study and the point of no return in the context of biobank research
Kenji Matsui, Kuniko Aizawa, Akiko Tamakoshi
Japanese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 45, 1, 17, 23, 2014年, ［査読有り］
日本語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Research participants are generally granted the freedom to withdraw from participating in a medical research at any time without providing any reason. However, this generally accepted practice of allowing participants the inalienable right to withdraw is not necessarily an ethical requirement. Ethics provides room to restrict a participants? freedom to withdrawal under certain conditions. Taking into consideration the current state of consent withdrawal in actual biobanking research and the possibility of eliminating any reliance on researchers? discretion, it is more appropriate both ethically and practically to limit the duration to 6 months in which participants are guaranteed the inalienable right to withdraw from a study. © 2014 the Japanese Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (JSCPT).

Joint Effects of Smoking and Alcohol Drinking on Esophageal Cancer Mortality in Japanese Men: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Yumi Yaegashi, Toshiyuki Onoda, Seiji Morioka, Tsutomu Hashimoto, Tatsuya Takeshita, Kiyomi Sakata, Akiko Tamakoshi
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION, 15, 2, 1023, 1029, ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION, 2014年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: The purpose of our study was to elucidate the joint effects of combined smoking and alcohol intake on esophageal cancer mortality in Japanese men through a large cohort study with a 20-year follow-up period. Materials and Methods: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study) was established in the late 1980s, including 46,395 men and 64,190 women aged 40 years and older and younger than 80. Follow-up of these participants was conducted until 2009. We used the Cox proportional hazards model to analyze data for 42,408 people excluding female participants, 411 people with histories of malignant neoplasms, and 3,576 with unclear smoking and drinking data. Results: The joint effects of age at start of smoking and amount of alcohol consumed per day were compared with non-smokers and non-drinkers or those consuming less than one unit of alcohol per day. The mortality risk was 9.33 (95% confidence interval, 2.55-34.2) for those who started smoking between ages 10 and 19 years and drinking at least three units of alcohol per day. Regarding the joint effects of cumulative amount of smoking and alcohol intake, the risk was high when both smoking and alcohol intake were above a certain level. Conclusions: In this Japanese cohort study, increased cancer mortality risks were observed, especially for people who both started smoking early and drank alcohol. Quitting smoking or not starting to smoke at any age and reducing alcohol consumption are important for preventing esophageal cancer in Japan.

Associations of phthalate concentrations in floor dust and multi-surface dust with the interior materials in Japanese dwellings
Yu Ait Bamai, Atsuko Araki, Toshio Kawai, Tazuru Tsuboi, Ikue Saito, Eiji Yoshioka, Ayako Kanazawa, Shuji Tajima, Cong Shi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Reiko Kishi
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 468, 147, 157, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2014年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Phthalates are widely used as plasticizers in numerous products. However, there has been some concern about the various effects they may have on human health. Thus, household phthalate levels are an important public health issue. While many studies have assessed phthalate levels in house dust, the association of these levels with building characteristics has scarcely been examined. The present study investigated phthalate levels in house dust samples collected from the living areas of homes, and examined associations between these phthalate levels and the interior materials. Dust was collected from two portions of the living area: floor dust from the entire floor surface, and multi-surface dust from objects more than 35 cm above the floor. The levels of seven phthalates were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in selective ion monitoring mode. Phthalate levels were higher in multi-surface dust than in floor dust Among floor dust samples, those from dwellings with compressed wooden flooring had significantly higher levels of di-iso-butyl phthalate compared to those with other floor materials, while polyvinyl chloride (PVC) flooring was associated with higher di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) levels. Among multi-surface dust samples, higher levels of DEHP and di-iso-nonyl phthalate (DINP) were found in samples from homes with PVC wallpaper than without The number of PVC interior materials was significantly positively correlated with the levels of DEHP and DINP in multi-surface dust. The phthalate levels in multi-surface dust were associated with the interior surface materials, and those in floor dust were directly related to the flooring materials. Our findings show that when using house dust as an exposure assessment, it is very important to note where the samples were collected from. The present report provides useful information about the association between phthalates and dust inside dwellings, which will assist with establishing public health provisions. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Lack of Associations between Genetic Polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Multi-Institutional Case-Control Study in Japan
Ikuhiro Yamada, Masato Matsuyama, Masato Ozaka, Dai Inoue, Yusuke Muramatsu, Hiroshi Ishii, Ueda Junko, Makoto Ueno, Naoto Egawa, Haruhisa Nakao, Mitsuru Mori, Keitaro Matsuo, Takeshi Nishiyama, Shinichi Ohkawa, Satoyo Hosono, Kenji Wakai, Kozue Nakamura, Akiko Tamakoshi, Sawako Kuruma, Masanori Nojima, Mami Takahashi, Kazuaki Shimada, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi, Yingsong Lin
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION, 15, 1, 391, 395, ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION, 2014年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: We aimed to evaluate the role of genetic polymorphisms in tobacco carcinogen-metabolizing genes and their interactions with smoking in a hospital-based case-control study of Japanese subjects. Materials and Methods: We examine the associations of pancreatic cancer risk with genetic polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1, phase II enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of toxic and carcinogenic electrophilic molecules. The study population consisted of 360 patients and 400 control subjects, who were recruited from several medical facilities in Japan. Unconditional logistic regression methods were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between genotypes and pancreatic cancer risk. Results: Among the control subjects, the prevalence of the GSTM1-null genotype and the GSTT1-null genotype was approximately 56% and 48%, respectively. Cases and controls were comparable in terms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotype distributions. Neither of the deleted polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1 was associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer, with an age-and sex-adjusted OR of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.74-1.32) for the GSTM1-null genotype, and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.73-1.31) for the GSTT1-null genotype. The OR was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.64-1.47) for individuals with the GSTM1 and GSTT1-null genotypes compared with those with the GSTM1 and GSTT1-present genotypes. No synergistic effects of smoking or GST genotypes were observed. Conclusions: Our results indicate no overall association between the GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms and pancreatic cancer risk in the Japanese subjects in our study.

Cigarette smoking and other risk factors for kidney cancer death in a Japanese population: Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for evaluation of cancer risk (JACC study)
Washio M, Mori M, Mikami K, Miki T, Watanabe Y, Nakao M, Kubo T, Suzuki K, Ozasa K, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 11, 6523-6528, 2014年01月
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Low intake of vegetables and fruits and risk of colorectal cancer: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Aoyama N, Kawado M, Yamada H, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K, Wakai K, Suzuki S, Watanabe Y, Tamakoshi A
Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 24, 5, 353, 360, 2014年, ［査読有り］

Coffee consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Yamada H, Kawado M, Aoyama N, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K, Wakai K, Suzuki S, Watanabe Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 24, 5, 370, 378, 2014年, ［査読有り］

Burden of Total and Cause-Specific Mortality Related to Tobacco Smoking among Adults Aged ≥45 Years in Asia: A Pooled Analysis of 21 Cohorts
Zheng W, McLerran D.F, Rolland B.A, Fu Z, Boffetta P, He J, Gupta P.C, Ramadas K, Tsugane S, Irie F, Tamakoshi A, Gao Y.-T, Koh W.-P, Shu X.-O, Ozasa K, Nishino Y, Tsuji I, Tanaka H, Chen C.-J, Yuan J.-M, Ahn Y.-O, Yoo K.-Y, Ahsan H, Pan W.-H, Qiao Y.-L, Gu D, Pednekar M.S, Sauvaget C, Sawada N, Sairenchi T, Yang G, Wang R, Xiang Y.-B, Ohishi W, Kakizaki M, Watanabe T, Oze I, You S.-L, Sugawara Y, Butler L.M, Kim D.-H, Park S.K, Parvez F, Chuang S.-Y, Fan J.-H, Shen C.-Y, Chen Y, Grant E.J, Lee J.E, Sinha R, Matsuo K, Thornquist M, Inoue M, Feng Z, Kang D, Potter J.D
PLoS Medicine, 11, 4, 2014年, ［査読有り］

Body mass index and breast cancer risk in Japan: A pooled analysis of eight population-based cohort studies
Wada K, Nagata C, Tamakoshi A, Matsuo K, Oze I, Wakai K, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Sasazuki S
Annals of Oncology, 25, 2, 519, 524, 2014年, ［査読有り］

Association of vegetable and fruit intake with gastric cancer risk among Japanese: A pooled analysis of four cohort studies
Shimazu T, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, Tsuji I, Tanaka K, Matsuo K, Nagata C, Mizoue T, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Sasazuki S, Sasazuki S, Tsugane S, Inoue M, Iwasaki M, Otani T, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Tsuji I, Tsubono Y, Nishino Y, Tamakoshi A, Matsuo K, Ito H, Wakai K, Nagata C, Mizoue T, Tanaka K
Annals of Oncology, 25, 6, 1228, 1233, 2014年, ［査読有り］

Meat consumption and colorectal cancer risk: An evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population
Pham N.M, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Tamakoshi A, Matsuo K, Wakai K, Nagata C, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Sasazuki S
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 44, 7, 641, 650, 2014年, ［査読有り］

Risk factors for renal cell carcinoma in a Japanese population
Washio M, Mori M, Mikami K, Miki T, Watanabe Y, Nakao M, Kubo T, Suzuki K, Ozasa K, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 15, 21, 9065, 9070, 2014年, ［査読有り］

Relationship between vegetable and carotene intake and risk of prostate cancer: The JACC study
Umesawa M, Iso H, Mikami K, Kubo T, Suzuki K, Watanabe Y, Mori M, Miki T, Tamakoshi A
British Journal of Cancer, 110, 3, 792, 796, 2014年, ［査読有り］

Dietary intakes of fat and total mortality among Japanese populations with a low fat intake: the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study
Wakai, Kenji, Naito, Mariko, Date, Chigusa, Iso, Hiroyasu, Tamakoshi, Akiko, JACC Study Grp
NUTRITION & METABOLISM, 11, 2014年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Relation between alcohol consumption and arterial stiffness: A cross-sectional study of middle-aged Japanese women and men
Sasaki Sachiko, Yoshioka Eiji, Saijo Yasuaki, Kita Toshiko, Okada Eisaku, Tamakoshi Akiko, Kishi Reiko
ALCOHOL, 47, 8, 643, 649, 2013年12月, ［査読有り］

高齢への入口時点におけるその後のwell-beingの決定要因 age-specified cohortにおける軽度認知機能低下に関する検討　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
岡林 里枝, 川村 孝, 玉腰 暁子
健康管理事業団研究助成論文集, XXIX, 11, 21, (財)健康管理事業団, 2013年11月, ［査読有り］
日本語, 70歳時点での軽度認知機能低下に関連している64歳時点での要因について検討した。対象は、愛知県日進市に居住し64歳時と70歳時に市の健診を受けた1219名(男性589名、女性630名)とした。検討方法は、64歳の健診時に収集した「社会状態」「生活習慣」「病歴」「精神機能」などのデータを"要因"とし、70歳時におけるAlzheimer's Disease Assessment Scaleの単語遅延再生課題得点の25パーセンタイル値以下を"転帰"として多変量ロジスティック回帰分析を行った。結果、70歳時点の軽度認知機能低下に関連する64歳時点での有意な要因として[学歴][運動習慣][生活満足度][生活機能]が抽出された。

Diabetes mellitus and cancer risk: Pooled analysis of eight cohort studies in Japan
Shizuka Sasazuki, Hadrien Charvat, Azusa Hara, Kenji Wakai, Chisato Nagata, Kozue Nakamura, Ichiro Tsuji, Yumi Sugawara, Akiko Tamakoshi, Keitaro Matsuo, Isao Oze, Tetsuya Mizoue, Keitaro Tanaka, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane
CANCER SCIENCE, 104, 11, 1499, 1507, WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2013年11月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Although a growing body of evidence suggests a link between diabetes and cancer, it is not clear whether diabetes independently increases the risk of cancer. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of the association between pre-existing diabetes and total and site-specific cancer risk based on a pooled analysis of eight cohort studies in Japan (>330000 subjects). We estimated a summary hazard ratio by pooling study-specific hazard ratios for total and site-specific cancer by using a random-effects model. A statistically increased risk was observed for cancers at specific sites, such as colon (hazard ratio; HR=1.40), liver (HR=1.97), pancreas (HR=1.85) and bile duct (HR=1.66; men only). Increased risk was also suggested for other sites, and diabetes mellitus was associated with an overall 20% increased risk in total cancer incidence in the Japanese population. The association between these two diseases has important implications for reiterating the importance of controlling lifestyle factors and may suggest a possible strategy for cancer screening among patients with diabetes. Studies continuously investigating the risk factors for diabetes are also important.

Clinical significance of tumor volume in endometrial cancer: a Japan-Korea cooperative study.
Todo Y, Choi HJ, Kang S, Kim JW, Nam JH, Watari H, Tamakoshi A, Sakuragi N
Gynecologic oncology, 131, 294, 298, 2, 2013年11月, ［査読有り］

Temporal trends of perfluoroalkyl acids in plasma samples of pregnant women in Hokkaido, Japan, 2003-2011.
Okada E, Kashino I, Matsuura H, Sasaki S, Miyashita C, Yamamoto J, Ikeno T, Ito YM, Matsumura T, Tamakoshi A, Kishi R
Environment international, 60, 89, 96, 2013年10月, ［査読有り］

多施設共同疫学研究における中央事務局業務 : 実態の類型化と今後の標準化にむけて
玉腰 暁子, 武藤香織
日本公衆衛生雑誌 = Japanese journal of public health, 60, 10, 631, 638, 2013年10月, ［査読有り］
日本語

Fish consumption and colorectal cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population.
Pham NM, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Tamakoshi A, Matsuo K, Wakai K, Nagata C, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Sasazuki S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 43, 9, 935, 941, 9, 2013年09月, ［査読有り］

Influence of Municipal- and Individual-level Socioeconomic Conditions on Mortality in Japan
Honjo K, Iso H, Fukuda Y, Nishi N, Nakaya T, Fujino Y, Tanabe N, Suzuki S, Subramanian SV, Tamakoshi A
Int J Behav Med., in press, 2013年09月, ［査読有り］

Prospective cohort study on television viewing time and incidence of lung cancer: findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Ukawa S, Tamakoshi A, Wakai K, Noda H, Ando M, Iso H
Cancer Causes Control, 24, 8, 1547-1553, 1553, Springer, 2013年08月, ［査読有り］
英語, To ascertain whether prolonged television viewing time was associated with lung cancer incidence in Japanese adults aged 40-79 years from a nationwide large-scale cohort study. A total of 54,258 adults (23,090 men and 31,168 women) without a history of cancer at baseline (1988-1990) were enrolled and followed for a median of 15.6 years. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for lung cancer according to television viewing time adjusted for age and other possible confounding factors. During the study period, 798 participants were diagnosed with lung cancer. The HR of male participants who watched television for more than 4 h daily was 1.36 (95 % CI 1.04-1.80) compared with < 2 h/day. Our findings suggest that reducing the amount of time spent watching television may be beneficial for preventing lung cancer.

Ovarian cancer mortality among women aged 40-79 years in relation to reproductive factors and body mass index: Latest evidence from the Japan collaborative cohort study
Khan M.M.H, Khan A, Nojima M, Suzuki S, Fujino Y, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi K, Mori M, Tamakoshi A
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology, 24, 3, 249, 257, 2013年07月, ［査読有り］

Diabetes mellitus and cancer risk: Pooled analysis of eight cohort studies in Japan.
Sasazuki S, Charvat H, Hara A, Wakai K, Nagata C, Nakamura K, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Tamakoshi A, Matsuo K, Oze I, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Inoue M, Tsugane S, for the Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Cancer science, 104, 11, 1499, 1507, 2013年07月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Although a growing body of evidence suggests a link between diabetes and cancer, it is not clear whether diabetes independently increases the risk of cancer. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of the association between pre-existing diabetes and total and site-specific cancer risk based on a pooled analysis of eight cohort studies in Japan (>330 000 subjects). We estimated a summary hazard ratio by pooling study-specific hazard ratios for total and site-specific cancer by using a random-effects model. A statistically increased risk was observed for cancers at specific sites, such as colon (hazard ratio; HR = 1.40), liver (HR = 1.97), pancreas (HR = 1.85) and bile duct (HR = 1.66; men only). Increased risk was also suggested for other sites, and diabetes mellitus was associated with an overall 20% increased risk in total cancer incidence in the Japanese population. The association between these two diseases has important implications for reiterating the importance of controlling lifestyle factors and may suggest a possible strategy for cancer screening among patients with diabetes. Studies continuously investigating the risk factors for diabetes are also important.

Dietary patterns and risk of cardiovascular deaths among middle-aged Japanese: JACC Study
K. Maruyama, H. Iso, C. Date, S. Kikuchi, Y. Watanabe, Y. Wada, Y. Inaba, A. Tamakoshi
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, 23, 6, 519, 527, ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2013年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background and Aims: Little evidence showed the association between dietary patterns and cardiovascular disease among Japanese. The objective of this study was to examine whether dietary patterns are associated with cardiovascular disease among middle-aged Japanese.
Methods and Results: At baseline (1988-1990), 26,598 men and 37,439 women aged 40-79 years enrolled in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. During the follow-up through 2003, 578 men and 499 women died from stroke, and 272 men and 207 women died from coronary heart disease. We identified three major dietary patterns, 'vegetable', 'animal food' and 'dairy product', by factor analysis for both sexes. The multivariable hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals of mortality from total cardiovascular disease in the highest versus lowest quintiles of the vegetable pattern were 0.93 (0.78-1.13), p for trend = 0.73 for men and 0.82 (0.67-1.00), p for trend = 0.04 for women. The respective HRs of mortality from stroke in the highest versus lowest quintiles of the dairy product pattern were 0.65 (0.49-0.86), p for trend = 0.01 for men and 0.70 (0.51-0.97), p for trend = 0.02 for women, and those of total cardiovascular disease were 0.89 (0.74-1.08), p for trend = 0.23 for men and 0.76 (0.61-0.94), p for trend = 0.01 for women. The animal food pattern was not associated with mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease or total cardiovascular disease for either sex.
Conclusion: We found that 'vegetable' and 'dairy product' patterns were associated with lower morality from cardiovascular disease, while the 'animal food' pattern was not associated with mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A prospective cohort study of shift work and the risk of death from pancreatic cancer in Japanese men.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Lin Y, Ueda J, Yagyu K, Kurosawa M, Tamakoshi A, Kikuchi S
Cancer Causes Control, 24, 7, 1357, 1361, 2013年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Body mass index and weight change during adulthood are associated with increased mortality from liver cancer: the JACC Study
Li Y, Yatsuya H, Yamagishi K, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, Iso H
J Epidemiol, 23, 3, 219-226, 26, 2013年05月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: We investigated the association of baseline body mass index (BMI) and weight change since age 20 years with liver cancer mortality among Japanese. METHODS: The data were obtained from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study). A total of 31 018 Japanese men and 41 455 Japanese women aged 40 to 79 years who had no history of cancer were followed from 1988 through 2009. RESULTS: During a median 19-year follow-up, 527 deaths from liver cancer (338 men, 189 women) were documented. There was no association between baseline BMI and liver cancer mortality among men or men with history of liver disease. Men without history of liver disease had multivariable hazard ratios (HR) of 1.95 (95%CI, 1.07-3.54) for BMI less than 18.5 kg/m(2) and 1.65 (1.05-2.60) for BMI of 25 kg/m(2) or higher, as compared with a BMI of 21.0 to 22.9 kg/m(2). BMI was positively associated with liver cancer mortality among women and women with history of liver disease. Weight change since age 20 years was positively associated with liver cancer mortality among women regardless of history of liver disease. Women with history of liver disease had a multivariable HRs of 1.96 (1.05-3.66) for weight gain of 5.0 to 9.9 kg and 2.31 (1.18-4.49) for weight gain of 10 kg or more, as compared with weight change of -4.9 to 4.9 kg. CONCLUSIONS: Both underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m(2)) and overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m(2)) among men without history of liver disease, and weight gain after age 20 (weight change ≥5 kg) among women with history of liver disease, were associated with increased mortality from liver cancer.

Cohort Profile of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study at Final Follow-up
Akiko Tamakoshi, Kotaro Ozasa, Yoshihisa Fujino, Koji Suzuki, Kiyomi Sakata, Mitsuru Mori, Shogo Kikuchi, Hiroyasu Iso
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 23, 3, 227, 232, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2013年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study) was established in the late 1980s to evaluate the risk impact of lifestyle factors and levels of serum components on human health. During the 20-year follow-up period, the results of the study have been published in almost 200 original articles in peer-reviewed English-language journals. However, continued follow-up of the study subjects became difficult because of the retirements of principal researchers, city mergers throughout Japan in the year 2000, and reduced funding. Thus, we decided to terminate the JACC Study follow-up at the end of 2009. As a final point of interest, we reviewed the population registry information of survivors. A total of 207 (0.19%) subjects were ineligible, leaving 110 585 eligible participants (46 395 men and 64 190 women). Moreover, errors in coding date of birth and sex were found in 356 (0.32%) and 59 (0.05%) cases, respectively, during routine follow-up and final review. Although such errors were unexpected, their impact is believed to be negligible because of the small numbers relative to the large total study population. Here, we describe the final cohort profile at the end of the JACC Study along with selected characteristics of the participants and their status at the final follow-up. Although follow-up of the JACO Study participants is finished, we will continue to analyze and publish study results.

Active and passive smoking and risk of death from pancreatic cancer: findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Lin Y, Yagyu K, Ueda J, Kurosawa M, Tamakoshi A, Kikuchi S, JACC Study Group
Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et al.], 13, 3, 279, 284, 2013年05月, ［査読有り］

Association of body mass index and risk of death from pancreas cancer in Asians: findings from the Asia Cohort Consortium.
Lin Y, Fu R, Grant E, Chen Y, Lee JE, Gupta PC, Ramadas K, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Gao YT, Tamakoshi A, Shu XO, Ozasa K, Tsuji I, Kakizaki M, Tanaka H, Chen CJ, Yoo KY, Ahn YO, Ahsan H, Pednekar MS, Sauvaget C, Sasazuki S, Yang G, Xiang YB, Ohishi W, Watanabe T, Nishino Y, Matsuo K, You SL, Park SK, Kim DH, Parvez F, Rolland B, McLerran D, Sinha R, Boffetta P, Zheng W, Thornquist M, Feng Z, Kang D, Potter JD
European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP), 22, 3, 244, 250, 3, 2013年05月, ［査読有り］

Obesity/weight gain and breast cancer risk: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for the Evaluation of Cancer Risk
Suzuki S, Kojima M, Tokudome S, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Wakai K, Fujino Y, Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi K, Tamakoshi A, for the Japan Collaborative Cohort, Study Group
J Epidemiol, 23, 2, 139-145, 45, 2013年03月05日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: We analyzed data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (36 164 women aged 40-79 years at baseline in 1988-1990 with no previous diagnosis of breast cancer and available information on weight and height) to examine the association between baseline body mass index (BMI)/weight gain from age 20 years and breast cancer risk in a non-Western population. METHODS: The participants were followed prospectively from enrollment until 1999-2003 (median follow-up: 12.3 years). During follow-up, breast cancer incidence was mainly confirmed through record linkage to population-based cancer registries. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the association between breast cancer risk and body size. RESULTS: In 397 644.1 person-years of follow-up, we identified 234 breast cancer cases. Among postmenopausal women, the adjusted HR increased with BMI, with a significant linear trend (P < 0.0001). Risk was significantly increased among women with a BMI of 24 or higher (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.09-2.08 for BMI of 24-28.9, and 2.13, 1.09-4.16 for BMI ≥ 29) as compared with women with a BMI of 20 to 23.9. Weight gain after age 20 years and consequent overweight/obesity were combined risk factors for postmenopausal breast cancer risk. This combined effect was stronger among women aged 60 years or older. However, the HRs were not significant in premenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the hypothesis that weight gain and consequent overweight/obesity are combined risk factors for breast cancer among postmenopausal women, particularly those aged 60 years or older.

Multiple roles and all-cause mortality: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Akiko Tamakoshi, Ai Ikeda, Yoshihisa Fujino, Koji Tamakoshi, Hisoyasu Iso
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 23, 1, 158, 164, OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2013年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Two contrasting perspectives on the effects of multiple roles; the 'role overload hypothesis' and the 'role enhancement model', have been proposed to predict variations in health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of multiple roles on all-cause mortality in Japan where gender roles are currently changing. Methods: A total of 76 758 individuals from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study were followed for an average of 15.7 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated from proportional hazard models to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality according to multiple roles (spouse, parent and worker, and combinations of these roles). Results: After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the risks of all-cause mortality were elevated among men and women without a role. The number of roles was also associated with all-cause mortality risk, showing the highest risk values among those with no roles compared with those with triple roles (HR: 1.66 in men and 1.78 in women). The impact of the lack of a role was generally greater in men than in women and also in the middle-aged than in the elderly. Conclusion: A beneficial effect of multiple roles was suggested among Japanese. The fewer roles they had, the higher all-cause mortality risks were observed. The risk values of those with fewer roles were generally higher in men than in women and also in the middle-aged than in the elderly, partially explained by greater role overload in middle-aged women than other groups in Japan.

Associations of protein, fat, and carbohydrate intakes with insomnia symptoms among middle-aged Japanese workers
Tanaka, E., Yatsuya, H., Uemura, M., Murata, C., Otsuka, R., Toyoshima, H., Tamakoshi, K., Sasaki, S., Kawaguchi, L., Aoyama, A.
Journal of Epidemiology, 23, 2, 132, 138, 2013年
研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Diet is a modifiable factor that may affect sleep, but the associations of macronutrient intakes with insomnia are inconsistent. We investigated the associations of protein, fat, and carbohydrate intakes with insomnia symptoms. Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis of 4435 non-shift workers, macronutrient intakes were assessed by the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire, which requires the recall of usual intakes of 58 foods during the preceding month. Presence of insomnia symptoms, including difficulty initiating sleep (DIS), difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS), and poor quality of sleep (PQS) were self-reported. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs adjusted for demographic, psychological, and behavioral factors, as well as medical histories. Results: Low protein intake (<16% vs ≥16% of total energy) was associated with DIS (OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.99-1.56) and PQS (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.04-1.48), while high protein intake (≥19% vs <19% of total energy) was associated with DMS (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.12-1.76). Low carbohydrate intake (<50% vs ≥50% of total energy) was associated with DMS (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.97-1.45). Conclusions: Protein and carbohydrate intakes in the daily diet were associated with insomnia symptoms. The causality of these associations remains to be explained. © 2013 by the Japan Epidemiological Association.

Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of bullous
Kurosawa M, Takagi A, Tamakoshi A, Kawamura T, Inaba Y, Yokoyama K, Kitajima Y, Aoyama Y, Iwatsuki K, Ikeda S
JAm Acad Dermatol 2013; 68: 278-283., 2013年, ［査読有り］
英語

Association between body mass index and cardiovascular disease mortality in east Asians and south Asians: Pooled analysis of prospective data from the Asia Cohort Consortium
Chen Y, Copeland W.K, Vedanthan R, Grant E, Lee J.E, Gu D, Gupta P.C, Ramadas K, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Tamakoshi A, Gao Y.-T, Yuan J.-M, Shu X.-O, Ozasa K, Tsuji I, Kakizaki M, Tanaka H, Nishino Y, Chen C.-J, Wang R, Yoo K.-Y, Ahn Y.-O, Ahsan H, Pan W.-H, Chen C.-S, Pednekar M.S, Sauvaget C, Sasazuki S, Yang G, Koh W.-P, Xiang Y.-B, Ohishi W, Watanabe T, Sugawara Y, Matsuo K, You S.-L, Park S.K, Kim D.-H, Parvez F, Chuang S.-Y, Ge W, Rolland B, McLerran D, Sinha R, Thornquist M, Kang D, Feng Z, Boffetta P, Zheng W, He J, Potter J.D
BMJ (Online), 347, 7927, 2013年, ［査読有り］

Cigarette smoking and other risk factors for kidney cancer death in a Japanese population: Japan collaborative cohort study for evaluation of cancer risk (JACC study)
Washio M, Mori M, Mikami K, Miki T, Watanabe Y, Nakao M, Kubo T, Suzuki K, Ozasa K, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 14, 11, 6523, 6528, 2013年, ［査読有り］

Prognostic factors in patients with idiopathic portal hypertension: Two Japanese nationwide epidemiological surveys in 1999 and 2005.
Murai Y, Ohfuji S, Fukushima W, Tamakoshi A, Yamaguchi S, Hashizume M, Moriyasu F, Hirota Y
Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology, 42, 12, 1211, 1220, 2012年12月, ［査読有り］

Relation between serum total cholesterol level and cardiovascular disease stratified by sex and age group: a pooled analysis of 65 594 individuals from 10 cohort studies in Japan.
Nagasawa SY, Okamura T, Iso H, Tamakoshi A, Yamada M, Watanabe M, Murakami Y, Miura K, Ueshima H, Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention from Observational Cohorts in Japan, EPOCH-JAPAN) Research Group
Journal of the American Heart Association, 1, 5, e001974, 2012年10月, ［査読有り］

Relation of Serum alpha- and gamma-Tocopherol Levels to Cardiovascular Disease-Related Mortality Among Japanese Men and Women
Nagao, Masanori, Moriyama, Yuri, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Iso, Hiroyasu, Tamakoshi, Akiko, Grp, J. A. C. C. Study
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 22, 5, 402, 410, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2012年09月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence regarding the relationship between serum tocopherol levels and cardiovascular disease. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study as part of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for evaluation of cancer risk (JACC Study). Baseline serum samples were collected from 39 242 participants (age range, 40-79 years) between 1988 and 1990. During the 13-year follow-up, there were 530 stroke deaths (302 ischemic strokes and 210 hemorrhagic strokes) and 211 deaths from coronary heart disease. Controls were matched for sex, age, and area of residence. RESULTS: Serum α-tocopherol level was not associated with any type of cardiovascular death in men; however, in women, it was inversely associated with total stroke mortality and hemorrhagic stroke mortality. The multivariate odds ratio (95% CI) for the highest versus the lowest quintile of serum α-tocopherol levels among women was 0.35 (0.16-0.77; P for trend = 0.009) for total stroke and 0.26 (0.07-0.97; P for trend = 0.048) for hemorrhagic stroke. Serum γ-tocopherol was inversely associated with ischemic stroke mortality in men but positively associated with hemorrhagic stroke mortality in women. The respective multivariate odds ratios (95% CI) for the highest versus the lowest quintile and for a 1-standard deviation increment in γ-tocopherol level were 0.48 (0.22-1.06; P for trend = 0.07) and 0.77 (0.58-1.02), respectively, for ischemic stroke in men and 3.10 (0.95-10.12; P for trend = 0.052) and 1.49 (1.04-2.13) for hemorrhagic stroke in women. CONCLUSIONS: Among women, hemorrhagic stroke mortality was inversely associated with serum α-tocopherol and positively associated with serum γ-tocopherol. These findings are due in part to the antioxidative and antithrombotic activities of these tocopherols.

Cellular growth factors in relation to mortality from cardiovascular disease in middle-aged Japanese: the JACC study.
Iso H, Maruyama K, Ikehara S, Yamagishi K, Tamakoshi A
Atherosclerosis., 224, 1, 154, 160, 2012年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Association of obesity and diabetes with serum prostate-specific antigen levels in Japanese males.
Naito M, Asai Y, Mori A, Fukada Y, Kuwabara M, Katase S, Hishida A, Morita E, Kawai S, Okada R, Nishio K, Tamakoshi A, Wakai K, Hamajima N
Nagoya journal of medical science, 74, 3-4, 285, 292, 2012年08月, ［査読有り］

Meat consumption in relation to mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese men and women
Nagao, M, Iso, H, Yamagishi, K, Date, C, Tamakoshi, A
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 66, 6, 687, 693, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2012年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Alcohol drinking and primary liver cancer: a pooled analysis of four Japanese cohort studies.
Shimazu T, Sasazuki S, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Matsuo K, Nagata C, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer, 130, 11, 2645, 2653, 11, 2012年06月, ［査読有り］

Public attitudes to the promotion of genomic crop studies in Japan: Correlations between genomic literacy, trust, and favourable attitude
Izumi Ishiyama, Tetsuro Tanzawa, Maiko Watanabe, Tadahiko Maeda, Kaori Muto, Akiko Tamakoshi, Akiko Nagai, Zentaro Yamagata
Public Understanding of Science, 21, 4, 495, 512, SAGE Publications, 2012年05月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, This study aimed to assess public attitudes in Japan to the promotion of genomic selection in crop studies and to examine associated factors. We analysed data from a nationwide opinion survey. A total of 4,000 people were selected from the Japanese general population by a stratified two-phase sampling method, and 2,171 people participated by post; this survey asked about the pros and cons of crop-related genomic studies promotion, examined people’s scientific literacy in genomics, and investigated factors thought to be related to genomic literacy and attitude. The relationships were examined using logistic regression models stratified by gender. Survey results showed that 50.0% of respondents approved of the promotion of crop-related genomic studies, while 6.7% disapproved. No correlation was found between literacy and attitude towards promotion. Trust in experts, belief in science, an interest in genomic studies and willingness to purchase new products correlated with a positive attitude towards crop-related genomic studies.

Impact of alcohol intake on total mortality and mortality from major causes in Japan: a pooled analysis of six large-scale cohort studies.
Inoue M, Nagata C, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, Matsuo K, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Sasazuki S, Tsugane S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Journal of epidemiology and community health, 66, 5, 448, 456, 5, 2012年05月, ［査読有り］

Green tea consumption and gastric cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population.
Sasazuki S, Tamakoshi A, Matsuo K, Ito H, Wakai K, Nagata C, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 42, 4, 335, 346, 4, 2012年04月, ［査読有り］

Obesity and liver cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population.
Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Tamakoshi A, Matsuo K, Ito H, Wakai K, Nagata C, Mizoue T, Sasazuki S, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 42, 3, 212, 221, 3, 2012年03月, ［査読有り］

Breastfeeding and breast cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population.
Nagata C, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Tamakoshi A, Wakai K, Matsuo K, Ito H, Sasazuki S, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 42, 2, 124, 130, 2, 2012年02月, ［査読有り］

Association between body mass index and the colorectal cancer risk in Japan: pooled analysis of population-based cohort studies in Japan.
Matsuo K, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Sasazuki S, Nagata C, Tamakoshi A, Wakai K, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO, 23, 2, 479, 490, 2, 2012年02月, ［査読有り］

Associations of dietary magnesium intake with mortality from cardiovascular disease: the JACC study.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Zhang,W, Iso,H, Ohira,T, Date,C, Tamakoshi,A
Atherosclerosis, 221, 587, 595, 2012年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（その他学術会議資料等）

Associations of dietary iron intake with mortality from cardiovascular disease: the JACC study.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Zhang,W, Iso,H, Ohira,T, Date,C, Tanabe,N, Kikuchi,S, Tamakoshi,A
J Epidemiol, 22, 484, 493, 2012年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（その他学術会議資料等）

Parental history and lifestyle behaviors in relation to mortality from stroke among japanese men and women: The japan collaborative cohort study
Eguchi E, Iso Prof. H, Wada Y, Kikuchi S, Watanabe Y, Tamakoshi A, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Motohashi Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Mikami H, Kurosawa M, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Kawamura T, Ozasa K, Miki T, Date C, Sakata K, Kurozawa Y, Yoshimura T, Fujino Y, Okamoto N, Shio H, Yamamoto A, Ando M, Hoshiyama Y, Shibata A
Journal of Epidemiology, 22, 4, 331, 339, Japan Epidemiological Association, 2012年, ［査読有り］
英語, Background: We assessed the impact of parental history of stroke on stroke mortality, as well as the effect modification between lifestyle and stroke mortality, among Japanese.
Methods: In this community-based, prospective cohort study, 22 763 men and 30 928 women aged 40 to 79 years with no history of cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline (1988–1990) were followed through 2008. We examined the association between parental history of stroke and stroke mortality and estimated the impact of the combination of lifestyle and parental history on stroke mortality in offspring.
Results: During a mean follow-up period of 15.9 years, there were 1502 stroke deaths. In both sexes, participants with a parental history of stroke had a higher risk of stroke mortality as compared with those without such a history. The respective multivariable hazard ratio (95% CI) and population attributable fraction were 1.28 (1.10–1.49) and 5.4% in men, 1.22 (1.04–1.43) and 4.3% in women, and 1.25 (1.12–1.40) and 4.8% in all participants, for offspring with a maternal and/or paternal history of stroke. There was an inverse association between healthy-lifestyle score and stroke mortality, irrespective of parental history of stroke. The overall multivariable hazard ratio for the highest (6–8) versus the lowest (0–3) score categories was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.43–0.72) for participants with a maternal and/or paternal history of stroke and 0.44 (0.36–0.53) for those without such a history.
Conclusions: Parental history of stroke was associated with stroke mortality in offspring. The inverse association between healthy lifestyle behaviors and stroke mortality, regardless of parental history, suggests that lifestyle modification is beneficial, even among individuals with a parental history of stroke.

Healthy lifestyle behaviours and cardiovascular mortality among Japanese men and women: the Japan collaborative cohort study
Eguchi E, Iso H, Tanabe N, Wada Y, Yatsuya H, Kikuchi S, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A
Eur Heart J, 33, 4, 467, 477, 2012年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, AIMS: To examine the combined impacts of healthy lifestyle behaviours on cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Asians. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 18 747 men and 24 263 women aged 40-79 without a history of stroke or coronary heart disease (CHD) at baseline in 1988-90 were followed up until 2006. Participants scored one point for each following lifestyle behaviour: consumption of fruits ≥1 intake per day, fish ≥1 intake per day, milk almost every day, exercise ≥5 h per week and/or walking ≥1 h per day, body mass index (BMI) of 21-25 kg/m(2), alcohol intake <46.0 g per day, non-smoking, and sleep duration of 5.5-7.5 h per day. During 16.5 years of follow-up, there were 1907 deaths from total CVDs including 849 strokes and 402 CHDs. For both genders, persons with the highest scores had the lowest CVD mortality. The multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence interval, population-attributable fraction) for the highest (7-8) vs. lowest (0-2) score categories were 0.35 (0.25-0.49, 52.3%) in men, and 0.24 (0.16-0.36, 44.6%) in women. Similar associations were found for stroke: 0.36 (0.22-0.58, 45.0%) in men and 0.28 (0.15-0.53, 43.4%) in women, and for CHD: 0.19 (0.08-0.50, 76.2%) and 0.20 (0.09-0.47, 34.5%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Mortality from stroke, CHD, and CVD in the highest healthy lifestyle score category was one-third in men and one-fourth in women of those in the lowest scores, suggesting that a large fraction of CVD could be prevented through lifestyle modification.

Smoking cessation and COPD mortality among Japanese men and women: the JACC study
Li Y, Yamagishi K, Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi A, Iso H
Prev Med, 55, 6, 639, 643, 2012年, ［査読有り］

Physical activity and colorectal cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population.
Pham NM, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Tamakoshi A, Matsuo K, Ito H, Wakai K, Nagata C, Sasazuki S, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 42, 1, 2, 13, 1, 2012年01月, ［査読有り］

Cigarette smoking and esophageal cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population.
Oze I, Matsuo K, Ito H, Wakai K, Nagata C, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Tamakoshi A, Sasazuki S, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 42, 1, 63, 73, 1, 2012年01月, ［査読有り］

20歳代男性のBMIならびにその後の体重変化が40歳代における高血圧・糖尿 病有病率および医療費に及ぼす影響
Hatanaka Y, Tamakoshi A, Tsushita K
Sangyo eiseigaku zasshi = Journal of occupational health, 54, 4, 141, 149, 日本産業衛生学会, 2012年, ［査読有り］
日本語

Salt preference and mortality from stroke and coronary heart disease for Japanese men and women: the JACC study.
Ikehara S, Iso H, Date C, Kikuchi S, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Prev Med., 54, 1, 32, 37, 2012年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

ASSOCIATION OF OBESITY AND DIABETES WITH SERUM PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN LEVELS IN JAPANESE MALES
Naito, Mariko, Asai, Yatami, Mori, Atsuyoshi, Fukada, Yuko, Kuwabara, Mayumi, Katase, Shiro, Hishida, Asahi, Morita, Emi, Kawai, Sayo, Okada, Rieko, Nishio, Kazuko, Tamakoshi, Akiko, Wakai, Kenji, Hamajima, Nobuyuki
NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE, 74, 3-4, 285, 292, 2012年
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Number of children and all-cause mortality risk: results from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Akiko Tamakoshi, Koji Tamakoshi, Yingsong Lin, Haruo Mikami, Yutaka Inaba, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 21, 6, 732, 737, OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2011年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: The mean total birth rate of the world had been gradually decreasing, with the rate in Japan now at its lowest level internationally. From a public health perspective, it is important to determine the impact of the number of children on all-cause mortality. Methods: A total of 96 311 individuals from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study were followed from 1988-90 for an average of 14.4 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) with a 95% confidence interval were calculated from proportional hazard models to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality according to the number of children. Results: As of 2006, a total of 18 807 deaths had occurred. Both childless men and women showed higher all-cause mortality risks than those with two children (HR: 1.17 in men and 1.29 in women). Those with one child also showed higher risks (1.13 and 1.16, respectively). Having four or more children among men and five or more children among women also posed a risk (1.16 in men with four children and 1.22 in women with five or more children), showing a U-shaped association between the number of children and all-cause mortality risk. The risk of having only one child seemed evident with the decrease in age among both men and women, while the risk of having many children was apparent with the increase in age. Conclusion: We found a U-shaped association between the number of children and all-cause mortality among both men and women, with the lowest risk among those with two children.

パーキンソン病講座 「転ばない生活講座」の転倒・外傷予防効果
饗場 郁子, 吉岡 勝, 松尾 秀徳, 乾 俊夫, 飛田 宗重, 千田 圭二, 土井 静樹, 中西 一郎, 近藤 智善, 豊岡 圭子, 藤村 晴俊, 玉腰 暁子, 厚生労働省精神・疾患研究委託費「神経疾患の診断・治療・予防に関する包括的臨床研究」班転倒研究グループ
難病と在宅ケア, 17, 8, 37, 40, (株)日本プランニングセンター, 2011年11月
日本語

Cigarette smoking and pancreas cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence in the Japanese population.
Matsuo K, Ito H, Wakai K, Nagata C, Mizoue T, Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Tamakoshi A, Sasazuki S, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 41, 11, 1292, 1302, 11, 2011年11月, ［査読有り］

EFFECT OF COFFEE CONSUMPTION ON ALL-CAUSE AND TOTAL CANCER MORTALITY: FINDINGS FROM THE JACC STUDY
A. Tamakoshi, Y. Lin, M. Kawado, K. Yagyu, S. Kikuchi, H. Iso
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH, 65, A164, A164, B M J PUBLISHING GROUP, 2011年08月, ［査読有り］
英語

ゲノム時代のコホート研究 マネジメントの考え方を取り入れて
玉腰 暁子, 佐藤 恵子, 松井 健志, 増井 徹, 丸山 英二
日本医事新報, 4551, 4551, 26, 31, (株)日本医事新報社, 2011年07月, ［査読有り］
日本語, 研究論文（その他学術会議資料等）

Dietary intakes of antioxidant vitamins and mortality from cardiovascular disease: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC) study.
Kubota Yoshimi, Iso Hiroyasu, Date Chigusa, Kikuchi Shogo, Watanabe Yoshiyuki, Wada Yasuhiko, Inaba Yutaka, Tamakoshi Akiko
Stroke, 42, 6, 1665, 1672, 2011年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

A prospective cohort study of neighborhood stress and ischemic heart disease in Japan: A multilevel analysis using the JACC study data
Fujino Y, Tanabe N, Honjo K, Suzuki S, Shirai K, Iso H, Tamakoshi A
BMC Public Health, 11, 398, 2011年05月, ［査読有り］

Effect of coffee consumption on all-cause and total cancer mortality: findings from the JACC study
Akiko Tamakoshi, Yingsong Lin, Miyuki Kawado, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi, Hiroyasu Iso
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 26, 4, 285, 293, SPRINGER, 2011年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Coffee consumption is known to be related to various health conditions. Recently, its antioxidant effects have been suggested to be associated with all-cause or cancer mortality by various cohort studies. However, there has been only one small Asian cohort study that has assessed this association. Thus, we tried to assess the association of coffee with all-cause and total cancer mortality by conducting a large-scale cohort study in Japan. A total of 97,753 Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years were followed for 16 years. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of all-cause and total cancer mortality in relation to coffee consumption were calculated from proportional-hazards regression models. A total of 19,532 deaths occurred during the follow-up period; 34.8% of these deaths were caused by cancer. The all-cause mortality risk decreased with increasing coffee consumption in both men and women, with a risk elevation at the highest coffee consumption level (a parts per thousand yen4 cups/day) compared with the 2nd highest consumption level in women, although the number of subjects evaluated at this level was small. No association was found between coffee consumption and total cancer mortality among men, whereas a weak inverse association was found among women. The present cohort study among the Japanese population suggested that there are beneficial effects of coffee on all-cause mortality among both men and women. Furthermore, the results showed that coffee consumption might not be associated with an increased risk of total cancer mortality.

Projected Cancer Mortality Among Japanese Males Under Different Smoking Prevalence Scenarios: Evidence for Tobacco Control Goal Setting
Kota Katanoda, Kumiko Saika, Seiichiro Yamamoto, Sachiko Tanaka, Akira Oshima, Masakazu Nakamura, Hiroshi Satoh, Kazuo Tajima, Takaichiro Suzuki, Akiko Tamakoshi, Shoichiro Tsugane, Tomotaka Sobue
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, 41, 4, 483, 489, OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2011年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective: Male smoking prevalence is still high in Japan, and quantitative information for tobacco control is scarce. The aim of the present study was to project cancer mortality among Japanese males under different future scenarios of smoking prevalence.
Methods: The target population comprised Japanese males aged 40-79 years in 2007, whose smoking prevalence was 35%. On the basis of the pooled data from three large-scale cohort studies in Japan, the effects of age, years of smoking and years after smoking cessation on the time to all-cancer or lung cancer death were estimated by an accelerated failure time model. The parameter estimates were used to project the annual number of deaths from all cancers and lung cancer by running simulations for different future scenarios of smoking prevalence. Each scenario was evaluated by the cumulative number of avoided deaths when compared with the status quo and by the percent change (from the baseline year) in age-standardized rate of mortality.
Results: Reducing the smoking prevalence from 35% in 2007 to 0% in 2017 was estimated to avoid 333 900 all-cancer deaths and 171 100 lung cancer deaths in 20 years. Even when we shortened the projection period to 10 years, these numbers of avoided deaths would be 81 100 and 38 800, respectively. The age-standardized rate of all-cancer mortality was estimated to decrease by 9.6% in 10 years and 18.1% in 20 years.
Conclusions: Reducing the prevalence of smoking among males would be effective in reducing the cancer burden even within 10 years in countries with a high male smoking prevalence.

Rice intake is associated with reduced risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease in Japanese men but not women　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Eshak, ES, Iso H, Date C, Yamagishi K, Kikuchi S, Watanabe Y, Wada Y, Tamakoshi A, for, the JACC Group, 山岸, 良匡
J Nutr, 141, 595-602, 2011年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Three Critical Issues to Consider Before Implementing a New Genome-Cohort Study in Japan
Akiko Tamakoshi, Kenji Matsui, Keiko Sato, Tohru Masui, Eiji Maruyama
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 21, 2, 158, 159, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2011年03月, ［査読有り］
英語

Coffee, green tea, black tea and oolong tea consumption and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease in Japanese men and women
Mineharu Y, Koizumi A, Wada Y, Iso H, Watanabe Y, Date C, Yamamoto A, Kikuchi S, Inaba Y, Toyoshima H, Kondo T, Tamakoshi A, JACC study Group
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH, 65, 3, 230, 240, 2011年03月, ［査読有り］

Association between body-mass index and risk of death in more than 1 million Asians.
Zheng W, McLerran DF, Rolland B, Zhang X, Inoue M, Matsuo K, He J, Gupta PC, Ramadas K, Tsugane S, Irie F, Tamakoshi A, Gao YT, Wang R, Shu XO, Tsuji I, Kuriyama S, Tanaka H, Satoh H, Chen CJ, Yuan JM, Yoo KY, Ahsan H, Pan WH, Gu D, Pednekar MS, Sauvaget C, Sasazuki S, Sairenchi T, Yang G, Xiang YB, Nagai M, Suzuki T, Nishino Y, You SL, Koh WP, Park SK, Chen Y, Shen CY, Thornquist M, Feng Z, Kang D, Boffetta P, Potter JD
The New England journal of medicine, 364, 8, 719, 729, 8, 2011年02月, ［査読有り］

Interest in health screening as a predictor of long-term overall mortality: Multilevel analysis of a Japanese national cohort study
Fujino Y, Tanabe N, Honjo K, Suzuki S, Iso H, Tamakoshi A
Preventive Medicine, 52, 1, 78, 83, 2011年, ［査読有り］

Early age at menarche associated with increased all-cause mortality
Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Eur J Epidemiol, 26, 10, 771, 778, 2011年, ［査読有り］

An overview of genetic polymorphisms and pancreatic cancer risk in molecular epidemiologic studies　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Lin Y, Yagyu K, Egawa N, Ueno M, Mori M, Nakao H, Ishii H, Nakamura K, Wakai K, Hosono S, Tamakoshi A, Kikuchi S
J Epidemiol, 21, 1, 2-12, 2011年01月, ［査読有り］
英語

Body mass index and diabetes in Asia: a cross-sectional pooled analysis of 900,000 individuals in the Asia cohort consortium.
Boffetta P, McLerran D, Chen Y, Inoue M, Sinha R, He J, Gupta PC, Tsugane S, Irie F, Tamakoshi A, Gao YT, Shu XO, Wang R, Tsuji I, Kuriyama S, Matsuo K, Satoh H, Chen CJ, Yuan JM, Yoo KY, Ahsan H, Pan WH, Gu D, Pednekar MS, Sasazuki S, Sairenchi T, Yang G, Xiang YB, Nagai M, Tanaka H, Nishino Y, You SL, Koh WP, Park SK, Shen CY, Thornquist M, Kang D, Rolland B, Feng Z, Zheng W, Potter JD
PloS one, 6, 6, e19930, 6, 2011年, ［査読有り］

Body mass index and mortality from all causes and major causes in Japanese: results of a pooled analysis of 7 large-scale cohort studies.
Sasazuki S, Inoue M, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Tamakoshi A, Matsuo K, Wakai K, Nagata C, Tanaka K, Mizoue T, Tsugane S, Research Group for, the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 21, 6, 417, 430, 6, 2011年, ［査読有り］

Nationwide epidemiologic survey of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Wakaba Fukushima, Mikihiro Fujioka, Toshikazu Kubo, Akiko Tamakoshi, Masaki Nagai, Yoshio Hirota
Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 468, 10, 2715, 24, SPRINGER, 2010年10月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Although numerous studies describe the clinical characteristics of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in specific study populations, these have not been confirmed in countrywide studies. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We therefore determined: (1) the annual number of patients seeking medical care and number of patients newly diagnosed; and (2) the distribution of the age and gender of the patients, potential causative factors, severity of the disease, and operative procedures performed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a nationwide epidemiologic survey in 2005. The survey included all orthopaedic departments in Japan by stratified random sampling according to the number of beds. RESULTS: The number of patients who sought medical care for idiopathic ONFH during 2004 was estimated to be 11,400 (95% confidence interval, 10,100-12,800). We obtained clinical information from 1502 of these patients. The peak in age distribution occurred in the 40s. Potential causative factors were systemic steroid administration (51%) and habitual alcohol use (31%). Hip replacement was the most frequently performed procedure (65%). Among patients with a history of systemic steroid administration, systemic lupus erythematosus was reported most frequently (31%) as the underlying disease. Among patients younger than 40 years, steroid use was the most prominent potential causative factor (60%), and hip replacement frequently was performed (45%). A greater proportion of patients with no history of steroid or alcohol use was observed among patients 65 years or older (41%). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the disease burden of idiopathic ONFH in Japan, our results confirmed the importance of developing preventive and treatment strategies, especially among the younger population. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, prognostic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

社会医学実習での疫学調査と疫学調査を行なう際の倫理に関する教育の実態 衛生学公衆衛生学教育協議会加入講座の教育担当者へのアンケート調査より　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
鷲尾 昌一, 尾島 俊之, 玉腰 暁子, 酒井 未知, 武藤 香織, 小橋 元, 石川 鎮清, 大神 英一, 太田 薫里, 佐藤 恵子, 鈴木 美香, 杉森 裕樹, 内藤 真理子, 中山 健夫, 丸山 英二, 山縣 然太朗
臨牀と研究, 87, 10, 1473, 1481, 大道学館出版部, 2010年10月
日本語, 衛生学公衆衛生学教育協議会加入の衛生公衆衛生学204講座に対して社会医学実習における疫学調査と倫理に関するアンケート調査を行い、126講座より回答を得た。ヒトを対象とした疫学調査は61.9%で実施され、学生全員21.4%、一部40.5%であった。実習時間は1ヵ月未満31.7%、1〜3ヵ月31.0%で、6ヵ月以上は11.9%であった。疫学調査の倫理の講義は「1コマ以上行う」15.1%、「折に触れて」41.3%、「非社会学系の医療倫理で行う」23.8%、「別の社会医学系の講座が行う」10.3%、「行っていない」14.3%であった。実習で指導している項目は「守秘義務」52.4%、「資料の保管方法」34.1%、「資料の破棄」21.4%、「匿名化の方法」29.4%、「不必要な情報は集めない」27.0%であった。学生実習での倫理委員会への申請は、「必要ない」11.1%、「担当教員の判断」46.0%、「自主的に申請」2.4%、「申請が必要(通常審査)」4.8%であった。社会医学に関するProblem based learningを行っていたのは41.3%、倫理に関しては4.8%であった。

Dietary intake of saturated fatty acids and mortality from cardiovascular disease in Japanese: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC) Study
Yamagishi K, Iso H, Yatsuya H, Tanabe N, Date C, Kikuchi S, Yamamoto A, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A
Am J Clin Nutr, 92, 4, 759, 765, 2010年10月, ［査読有り］

Impact of Smoking and Other Lifestyle Factors on Life Expectancy among Japanese: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study
Akiko Tamakoshi, Miyuki Kawado, Kotaro Ozasa, Koji Tamakoshi, Yingsong Lin, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi, Shuji Hashimoto
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 20, 5, 370, 376, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2010年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: A number of lifestyle factors, including smoking and drinking, are known to be independently associated with all-cause mortality. However, it might be more effective in motivating the public to adopt a healthier lifestyle if the combined effect of several lifestyle factors on all-cause mortality could be demonstrated in a straightforward manner.
Methods: We examined the combined effects of 6 healthy lifestyle behaviors on all-cause mortality by estimating life expectancies at 40 and 60 years of age among 62 106 participants in a prospective cohort study with a 14.5-year follow-up. The healthy behaviors selected were current nonsmoking, not heavily drinking, walking 1 hour or more per day, sleeping 6.5 to 7.4 hours per day, eating green leafy vegetables almost daily, and having a BMI between 18.5 to 24.9.
Results: At age 40, we found a 10.3-year increase in life expectancy for men and a 8.3-year increase for women who had all 6 healthy behaviors, as compared with those who had only 0 to 2 healthy behaviors. Increases of 9.6 and 8.2 years were observed for men and women, respectively, at age 60 with all 6 healthy behaviors. When comparing currently nonsmoking individuals with 0 to 1 healthy behaviors, the life expectancy of smokers was shorter in both men and women, even if they maintained all 5 other healthy behaviors.
Conclusions: Among individuals aged 40 and 60 years, maintaining all 6 healthy lifestyle factors was associated with longer life expectancy. Smokers should be encouraged to quit smoking first and then to maintain or adopt the other 5 lifestyle factors.

軽度尿酸値異常者に対するセルフケア型保健指導の効果
玉腰 暁子, 中沢 あけみ, 西垣 良夫, 津下 一代
人間ドック = Ningen dock : official journal of the Japanese Society of Human Dry Dock, 25, 1, 84, 89, Japan Society of Ningen Dock, 2010年06月30日
日本語, 目的：特定保健指導プログラムでは，受診者自らが行動変容の方向性を導き出せるような支援が求められているが，現状ではこのような保健指導による生活習慣と検査値の改善効果は明らかではない．高尿酸血症は肥満，高血圧，糖・脂質代謝異常などの合併も高い疾患であり，軽度異常者に対する第一選択は，生活指導とされている．そこで，セルフケアに重点をおいた保健指導への参加有無による軽度尿酸値異常者の生活習慣ならびに検査値の変化につき検討した．
方法：某事業所職員で2000～2007年に健康診査を受けた者のうち，高尿酸血症により要生活指導（合併症なしの場合は尿酸値7.0～8.9mg/dL，ありの場合は７.0～7.9 mg/dL）となったものを対象とし，保健指導の参加有無別に1年後の生活習慣，検査結果を比較した．
結果：検査結果が得られた男性272名のうち，保健指導を受けたものは91名であった．1年後に尿酸が正常値化したものは118名で，その割合は参加群に有意に高かった．尿酸値は参加群，非参加群とも低下したが，その程度は参加群に有意に大きかった．喫煙，運動習慣の改善率には両群で差を認めなかったが，毎日飲酒者は参加群で減少し，γ-GTPの増加傾向は参加群で小さかった．
結論：今回の解析から，対象とした事業所で行われてきたセルフケアに重点をおいた保健指導は高尿酸血症の改善に有用であることが示唆された．

Relationship of sFas with metabolic risk factors and their clusters
Akiko Tamakoshi, Koji Suzuki, Yingsong Lin, Yoshinori Ito, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Yutaka Inaba, Kazuo Tajima, Kei Nakachi
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, 40, 6, 527, 533, WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2010年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, P>Background
Metabolic risk factors are known to cause atherosclerosis through inflammation. In the process of inflammation, soluble Fas (sFas) may interfere with the apoptotic pathway and contribute to dysregulated inflammation. Recent studies suggest sFas as a marker of inflammation in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, whether a relationship exists between sFas levels and metabolic risk factors among healthy subjects remains unclear.
Materials and methods
We measured the serum sFas levels of 876 subjects selected as controls for a nested case-control study within the JACC Study. The adjusted means of the sFas levels were compared according to the presence of overweight/obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes and their clusters.
Results
sFas level was significantly associated with overweight/obesity (2 center dot 42 ng mL-1 in overweight/obese men and 2 center dot 19 in others) and hyperlipidaemia (2 center dot 34 ng mL-1 in men with hyperlipidaemia and 2 center dot 19 in others) among men, though not with hypertension or diabetes. Moreover, a clear association between sFas levels and the cluster number of metabolic risk factors was observed independently with age, smoking and drinking(2 center dot 39, 2 center dot 28, 2 center dot 24 and 2 center dot 11 ng dL-1 in men with three to four, two, one and none of the four metabolic risk factors respectively). However, among women, clear associations were not observed between sFas levels and the four metabolic risk factors or their clustering.
Conclusions
Serum sFas levels appear to be associated with overweight/obesity, hyperlipidaemia and clusters of metabolic risk factors among men, suggesting that sFas may elevate to down-regulate increased apoptosis in atherogenesis processes.

Magnesium Intake and Risk of Self-Reported Type 2 Diabetes among Japanese
Kyoko Kirii, Hiroyasu Iso, Chigusa Date, Mitsuru Fukui, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION, 29, 2, 99, 106, AMER COLLEGE NUTRITION, 2010年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective: Dietary magnesium intake has been associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes in western populations, but the evidence is limited in Asian populations.
Methods: We assessed the relationship between dietary magnesium intake and risk of diabetes in a cohort of 17,592 individuals (6480 men and 11,112 women) aged 40-65, free of a history of diabetes or other chronic disease at the time of the baseline lifestyle survey, who completed a 5-year follow,up questionnaire. Dietary magnesium was calculated by using a validated questionnaire, and the incidence of diabetes was defined by self-report of physician diagnosis. Associations between dietary magnesium and diabetes incidence were evaluated using a logistic regression model.
Results: We found 459 self-reported new cases of diabetes (237 men and 222 women) at the 5-year follow-up. Dietary intake of magnesium was inversely associated with age- and body mass index (BMI) adjusted diabetes incidence in both sexes. In multivariable analysis that adjusted further for cardiovascular risk factors, the association was weakened in both sexes, but the association in total participants remained statistically significant. The odds ratios of diabetes with reference to the lowest quartile of magnesium intake were 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69 to 1.09) for the second quartile, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.59 to 1.07) for the third quartile, and 0.64 (95% CI, 0.44 to 0.94) for the highest quartile of magnesium intake (p for trend = 0.04).
Conclusions: Dietary intake of magnesium was associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes in Japanese populations.

BMI and All-cause Mortality Among Japanese Older Adults: Findings From the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Yingsong Lin, Koji Tamakoshi, Takaaki Kondo, Sadao Suzuki, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi
OBESITY, 18, 2, 362, 369, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2010年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The association between BMI and all-cause mortality may vary with gender, age, and ethnic groups. However, few prospective cohort studies have reported the relationship in older Asian populations. We evaluated the association between BMI and all-cause mortality in a cohort comprised 26,747 Japanese subjects aged 65-79 years at baseline (1988-1990). The study participants were followed for an average of 11.2 years. Proportional-hazards regression models were used to estimate mortality hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals. Until 2003, 9,256 deaths occurred. The underweight group was associated with a statistically higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with the mid-normal-range group (BMI: 20.0-22.9); resulting in a 1.78-fold (95% confidence interval: 1.45-2.20) and 2.55-fold (2.13-3.05) increase in mortality risk among severest thin men and women (BMI: <16.0), respectively. Even within the normal-range group, the lower normal-range group (BMI: 18.5-19.9) showed a statistically elevated risk. In contrast, being neither overweight (BMI: 25.0-29.9) nor obese (BMI: >= 30.0) elevated the risk among men; however among women, HR was slightly elevated in the obese group but not in the overweight group compared with the mid-normal-range group. Among Japanese older adults, a low BMI was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, even among those with a lower normal BMI range. The wide range of BMI between 20.0 and 29.9 in both older men and women showed the lowest all-cause mortality risk.

BMI and All-cause Mortality Among Japanese Older Adults: Findings From the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Yingsong Lin, Koji Tamakoshi, Takaaki Kondo, Sadao Suzuki, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi
OBESITY, 18, 2, 362, 369, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2010年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The association between BMI and all-cause mortality may vary with gender, age, and ethnic groups. However, few prospective cohort studies have reported the relationship in older Asian populations. We evaluated the association between BMI and all-cause mortality in a cohort comprised 26,747 Japanese subjects aged 65-79 years at baseline (1988-1990). The study participants were followed for an average of 11.2 years. Proportional-hazards regression models were used to estimate mortality hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals. Until 2003, 9,256 deaths occurred. The underweight group was associated with a statistically higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with the mid-normal-range group (BMI: 20.0-22.9); resulting in a 1.78-fold (95% confidence interval: 1.45-2.20) and 2.55-fold (2.13-3.05) increase in mortality risk among severest thin men and women (BMI: <16.0), respectively. Even within the normal-range group, the lower normal-range group (BMI: 18.5-19.9) showed a statistically elevated risk. In contrast, being neither overweight (BMI: 25.0-29.9) nor obese (BMI: >= 30.0) elevated the risk among men; however among women, HR was slightly elevated in the obese group but not in the overweight group compared with the mid-normal-range group. Among Japanese older adults, a low BMI was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, even among those with a lower normal BMI range. The wide range of BMI between 20.0 and 29.9 in both older men and women showed the lowest all-cause mortality risk.

The effects of smoking and smoking cessation on mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese: Pooled analysis of three large-scale cohort studies in Japan.
Honjo K, Iso H, Tsugane S, Tamakoshi A, Satoh H, Tajima K, Suzuki T, Sobue T
Tobacco control., 19, 1, 50, 57, 2010年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVES: To estimate the gender-specific risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease according to smoking status and time since smoking cessation among former smokers in Japan. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: 140,026 males and 156,810 females aged 40-79 years who participated in one of three cohort studies conducted in Japan between 1980 and 1990. OUTCOME: The gender-specific hazard ratios (HRs) for cardiovascular disease mortality were calculated after adjustment for age and cohort. RESULTS: The age-adjusted and cohort-adjusted HRs for current smokers compared with lifelong non-smokers were 1.51 (95% CI 1.38 to 1.64) for total cardiovascular diseases, 2.19 (95% CI 1.79 to 2.67) for coronary heart disease and 1.24 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.41) for total stroke in males, and were 1.85 (95% CI 1.65 to 2.06), 2.84 (95% CI 2.24 to 3.60) and 1.70 (95% CI 1.44 to 2.01), respectively, in females. The age-adjusted and cohort-adjusted HRs for former smokers compared with current smokers according to the time period since smoking cessation decreased by approximately 5 years after smoking cessation and reached the same level as lifelong non-smokers approximately 10 years after smoking cessation among both males and females. CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirmed the association between smoking and mortality from cardiovascular disease in both males and females. Smoking cessation is a crucial preventive measure against death from cardiovascular disease.

Dietary folate and vitamin b6 and B12 intake in relation to mortality from cardiovascular diseases: Japan collaborative cohort study.
CUI Renzhe, CUI Renzhe, CUI Renzhe, ISO Hiroyasu, ISO Hiroyasu, DATE Chigusa, DATE Chigusa, KIKUCHI Shogo, KIKUCHI Shogo, TAMAKOSHI Akiko, TAMAKOSHI Akiko
Stroke, 41, 6, 1285, 1289, 2010年, ［査読有り］

Chlamydia pneumoniae infection was associated with risk of mortality from coronary heart disease in Japanese women but not men: the JACC Study.
Sakurai-Komada N, Koike KA, Kaku Y, Hiraki M, Cui R, Sankai T, Kikuchi S, Date C, Tamakoshi A, Iso H
J Atheroscler Thromb, 17, 510, 516, 2010年, ［査読有り］

Relationship between serum levels of insulin-like growth factors and subsequent risk of cancer mortality: Findings from a nested case-control study within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Pham T.-M, Fujino Y, Nakachi K, Suzuki K, Ito Y, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Tamakoshi A, Yoshimura T
Cancer Epidemiology, 34, 3, 279, 284, 2010年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: We investigated the association between serum levels of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 and the subsequent risk of cancer mortality. METHODS: Our case-control study examined samples from 914 cancer deaths and their 2739 matched controls within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. Blood samples were obtained at the baseline and stored at -80 degrees C until analysis for IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 levels. The conditional logistic model was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for cancer mortality associated with these serum levels. RESULTS: The adjusted ORs for IGF-I quartiles ranged from 0.81 to 0.96 but were not significant. The adjusted ORs and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the second, third, and fourth IGF-II quartiles were 0.64 (95% CI: 0.52-0.79), 0.71 (95% CI: 0.58-0.88), and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.59-0.91), respectively, while those for the respective IGFBP-3 quartiles were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.63-0.96), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.60-0.94), and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.56-0.90). In the model of IGF-I, and IGF-II additionally adjusted for IGFBP-3, the associations of high IGFs levels were similar as observed in the above models, while the association of IGFBP-3 shifted into non-significance after adjusting for IGF-II. CONCLUSION: An increased level of IGF-II was significantly associated with decreased risk of cancer mortality, whereas the association between IGF-I and all cancer mortality was not significant. The inverse association of IGFBP-3 level with all cancer mortality was affected when adjusting for IGF-II levels, shifting from significant to non-significant. Confirmation of these results from further cohort studies may aid in identifying the potential association between these molecules and the risk of cancer among the general Japanese population.

Dietary fiber intake is associated with reduced risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese men and women
Eshak E.S, Iso H, Date C, Kikuchi S, Watanabe Y, Wada Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Motohashi Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Mikami H, Kurosawa M, Hoshiyama Y, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi K, Tokudome S, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Kawamura T, Ozasa K, Miki T, Sakata K, Yoshimura T, Fujino Y, Shibata A, Okamoto N, Shio H
Journal of Nutrition, 140, 8, 1445, 1453, 2010年, ［査読有り］

Dietary Patterns and Risk of Stomach Cancer Mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Pham T.-M, Fujino Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Matsuda S, Yoshimura T
Annals of Epidemiology, 20, 5, 356, 363, 2010年, ［査読有り］

Daytime napping and mortality, with a special reference to cardiovascular disease: the JACC study
Tanabe N, Iso H, Seki N, Suzuki H, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A
Int J Epidemiol, 39, 1, 233, 243, 2010年, ［査読有り］

Selection of Cases and Controls for the Nested Case-control Study within the JACC Study: the First-wave
Akiko Tamakoshi, Koji Suzuki, Yoshinori Ito, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Yutaka Inaba, Kazuo Tajima, Kei Nakachi, Yohiyuki Ohno
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION, 10, 1, 5, ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION, 2009年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, In this paper, we describe the methodology of the case and control selection for the first-wave nested case-control study within the JACC Study. Among the subjects participating in the cohort, serum samples of 42,249 subjects (including 39,242 subjects aged between 40 and 79 at the baseline) were suitable for biochemical analysis. We here selected those who had died by 1997 or who were diagnosed with cancer with sera until 1994 as cases. For each case, 3 to 4 controls with sera were randomly selected, with matching for gender, age (as near as possible) and residential area. As a result, 3,144 cases and 10,661 controls (2,867 cases and 10,351 controls were 40 to 79 years old at the baseline) were selected to measure serum IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, TGF-beta 1 and sFas values and total SOD activity. Cases were older and more likely to be men than the JACC Study subjects. Moreover, they were much older than controls because of the age-dependence of susceptibility to death, especially among men. There were more smokers among cases compared with controls, though drinkers at the baseline were fewer. Among deceased cases, cancer was the leading cause of death, followed by cardiovascular diseases. Lung cancer was most frequent among deceased cancer cases and the next most common site was the stomach. The leading cause of cancer incidence was stomach cancer followed by lung cancer. Simple comparison of means and distribution of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, TGF-beta 1, sFas and total SOD activity between cases and controls revealed total SOD activity and sFas levels of cases to be higher than controls, while for the other components the opposite was found.

Relationship of Soluble Fas with Body Mass Index in Healthy Japanese Adults
Akiko Tamakoshi, Koji Suzuki, Yingsong Lin, Yoshinori Ito, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Yutaka Inaba, Kazuo Tajima, Kei Nakachi
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION, 10, 41, 44, ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION, 2009年12月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Recent studies have linked elevated serum sFas levels to atherosclerotic disease among patients. Confirming an association between obesity and serum sFas levels in healthy subjects would facilitate our understanding of obesity and its related disorders. We therefore analyzed serum sFas levels of 8,541 subjects selected as controls for a nested case-control study within the JACC Study. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as the indicator of obesity based on self-reported height and weight. We found a statistically significant positive association between serum sFas levels and BMI among our apparently healthy subjects. Our result suggests that serum sFas rises to down-regulate increased apoptosis in atherogenesis processes caused by obesity.

Relationship between serum levels of superoxide dismutase activity and subsequent risk of cancer mortality: Findings from a nested case-control study within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Truong-Minh Pham, Yoshihisa Fujino, Kei Nakachi, Koji Suzuki, Yoshinori Ito, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Yutaka Inaba, Kazuo Tajima, Akiko Tamakoshi, Takesumi Yoshimura
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 10 Suppl, 69, 73, ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION, 2009年12月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are antioxidant enzymes that play a role in the defense system of the body. They may be involved in protection against carcinogenesis processes. In the present study, we investigate the association between serum SOD activity and the risk of deaths due to all cancers combined, based on a nested case-control study within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study of 914 cancer deaths and 2,739 matched controls. Blood samples were obtained at the baseline and stored at -80 degrees C until analysis for SOD levels. Serum levels of SODs were divided into quartiles, with the first quartile used as the reference. A conditional logistic model was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for total cancer mortality associated with serum SOD quartile levels. The adjusted ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the second, third and fourth SOD quartiles were 0.96 (95%CI: 0.77-1.19), 1.18 (0.92-1.51), and 1.32 (1.04-1.69), respectively. In analyses stratified by observation period, the adjusted ORs of the respective quartiles were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.60-1.08), 0.98 (0.70-1.37), and 1.28 (0.92-1.79) for the period from the baseline to 1994; and the adjusted ORs were 1.18 (95%CI: 0.85-1.63), 1.47 (1.04-2.10), and 1.41 (1.00-2.04) for the period after 1994. To conclude, we found a slightly positive association between serum SOD level and the risk of all cancer mortality in the present study. Elevated serum SOD levels might reflect a response to oxidative stress, and then may predict a state of excess reactive oxygen species in the carcinogenesis process. Detailed studies of associations between serum SOD levels and cancers in specific sites should now be performed, with attention to particular tumour types.

Time spent walking or exercising and blood levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3): A large-scale cross-sectional study in the Japan Collaborative Cohort study　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Wakai K, Suzuki K, Ito Y, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Nakachi K, Tamakoshi A, for the JACC, Study Group
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10, Suppl, 23-27, 2009年12月, ［査読有り］
英語

Prostate cancer risk in relation to insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein-3: A nested case-control study in large scale cohort study in Japan (JACC Study)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Mikami K, Ozasa K, Nakao M, Miki T, Hayashi K, Watanabe Y, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Washio M, Kubo T, Suzuki K, Wakai K, Nakachi K, Tajima K, Ito Y, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, for the JACC, Study Group
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10, Suppl, 57-61, 2009年12月, ［査読有り］
英語

Association of serum retinol and carotenoids with insulin-like growth factors and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 among control subjects of a nested case-control study in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Suzuki K, Ito Y, Hashimoto S, Kawado M, Inoue T, Ando M, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Nakachi K, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 10 Suppl, 29, 35, 2009年12月, ［査読有り］

Cigarette smoking and serum soluble Fas levels: Findings from the JACC study.
Tamakoshi A, Suzuki K, Lin Y, Ito Y, Yagyu K, Kikuchi S, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Nakachi K, JACC Study Group
Mutation research, 679, 79, 83, 1-2, 2009年09月, ［査読有り］

Cigarette smoking and serum soluble Fas levels: Findings from the JACC study
Akiko Tamakoshi, Koji Suzuki, Yingsong Lin, Yoshinori Ito, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Yutaka Inaba, Kazuo Tajima, Kei Nakachi
MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS, 679, 1-2, 79, 83, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2009年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Cigarette smoking enhances low-grade systemic inflammation in the lung and other organs. Activated immune cells play an important role at early and late stages of inflammation, and in recent years. soluble Fas (sFas), an isoform of death molecule Fas, was found to interfere with the apoptotic pathways of these activated immune cells. The aim of this study was to confirm the association between cigarette smoking and sFas levels in healthy male subjects. We measured serum sFas levels of 4415 male subjects selected as controls for a nested case-control study within the large-scale cohort study conducted in Japan, called the JACC Study. Smoking status at baseline was evaluated by a self-administered questionnaire. Least square means of sFas according to smoking status and numbers of cigarettes smoked per day among smokers were calculated and adjusted for possible confounding factors. Mean sFas levels showed an increasing trend across never smokers, past smokers and current smokers, as 2.21 (95% CI: 2.14-2.27) ng/ml, 2.29 (2.22-2.36) ng/ml, and 2.36 (2.30-2.43) ng/ml, respectively. However, no dose-response relationship was observed between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and sFas levels among smokers. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Baseline data of Shizuoka area in the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study (J-MICC Study).
Asai Y, Naito M, Suzuki M, Tomoda A, Kuwabara M, Fukada Y, Okamoto A, Oishi S, Ikeda K, Nakamura T, Misu Y, Katase S, Tokumasu S, Nishio K, Ishida Y, Hishida A, Morita E, Kawai S, Okada R, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, Hamajima N
Nagoya journal of medical science, 71, 3-4, 137, 144, 2009年09月, ［査読有り］

Associations of ikigai as a positive psychological factor with all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality among middle-aged and elderly Japanese people: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Kozo Tanno, Kiyomi Sakata, Masaki Ohsawa, Toshlyuki Onoda, Kazuyoshi Itai, Yumi Yaegashi, Akiko Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH, 67, 1, 67, 75, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2009年07月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective: To determine whether presence of ikigai as a positive psychological factor is associated with decreased risks for all-cause and cause-specific mortality among middle-aged and elderly Japanese men and women. Methods: From 1988 to 1990, a total of 30,155 men and 43,117 women aged 40 to 79 years completed a lifestyle questionnaire including a question about ikigai. Mortality follow-up was available for a mean of 12.5 years and was classified as having occurred in the first 5 years or the subsequent follow-up period. Associations between ikigai and all-cause and cause-specific mortality were assessed using a Cox's regression model. Multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) were adjusted for age, body mass index, drinking and smoking status, physical activity, sleep duration, education, occupation, marital status, perceived mental stress, and medical history. Results: During the follow-up period, 10,021 deaths were recorded. Men and women with ikigai had decreased risks of mortality from all causes in the long-term followup period; multivariate HRs (95% confidence intervals, CIs) were 0.85 (0.80-0.90) for men and 0.93 (0.86-1.00) for women. The risk of cardiovascular mortality was reduced in men with ikigai; the multivariate HR (95% CI) was 0.86 (0.76-0.97). Furthermore, men and women with ikigai had a decreased risk for mortality from external causes; multivariate HRs (95% CIs) were 0.74 (0.59-0.93) for men and 0.67 (0.51-0.88) for women. Conclusion: The findings suggest that a positive psychological factor such as ikigai is associated with longevity among Japanese people. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Healthy lifestyle and preventable death: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study
Akiko Tamakoshi, Koji Tamakoshi, Yingsong Lin, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, 48, 5, 486, 492, ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2009年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective. To evaluate the effect of baseline combination of 6 lifestyle factors on all-cause mortality.
Methods. A total of 62,106 Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years were followed for 12.5 years on average. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all-cause mortality in relation to healthy lifestyle factors (not currently smoking, not heavily drinking, walking I h or more per day, sleeping 6.5 to 7.4 h per day, eating green-leafy vegetables almost daily and BMI between 18.5 and 24.9) were calculated from proportional-hazards regression models. We also estimated population-attributable fractions of death to address the impact of potential lifestyle modifications on mortality.
Results. Until 2003, 8497 deaths were observed. Age-adjusted HR of all-cause mortality for the group with 6 healthy lifestyle factors was 0.42 (95% CI: 0.32-0.56) among men and 0.49 (0.39-0.60) among women, respectively, compared with the group with 0-2 healthy lifestyle factors. Even at ages 60-79 years, a healthy lifestyle has a major impact on mortality. Had the subjects achieved even a 1-point increment in their lifestyle scores, death rates of 24.7% among men and 18.5% among women could have been reduced.
Conclusion. We found an inverse association between baseline combination of 6 healthy lifestyle factors and all-cause mortality as well as its impact on preventable fraction of death. Our results also demonstrated that healthy lifestyle behaviors are important even in old age. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Healthy lifestyle and preventable death: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study
Akiko Tamakoshi, Koji Tamakoshi, Yingsong Lin, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, 48, 5, 486, 492, ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2009年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Objective. To evaluate the effect of baseline combination of 6 lifestyle factors on all-cause mortality.
Methods. A total of 62,106 Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years were followed for 12.5 years on average. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all-cause mortality in relation to healthy lifestyle factors (not currently smoking, not heavily drinking, walking I h or more per day, sleeping 6.5 to 7.4 h per day, eating green-leafy vegetables almost daily and BMI between 18.5 and 24.9) were calculated from proportional-hazards regression models. We also estimated population-attributable fractions of death to address the impact of potential lifestyle modifications on mortality.
Results. Until 2003, 8497 deaths were observed. Age-adjusted HR of all-cause mortality for the group with 6 healthy lifestyle factors was 0.42 (95% CI: 0.32-0.56) among men and 0.49 (0.39-0.60) among women, respectively, compared with the group with 0-2 healthy lifestyle factors. Even at ages 60-79 years, a healthy lifestyle has a major impact on mortality. Had the subjects achieved even a 1-point increment in their lifestyle scores, death rates of 24.7% among men and 18.5% among women could have been reduced.
Conclusion. We found an inverse association between baseline combination of 6 healthy lifestyle factors and all-cause mortality as well as its impact on preventable fraction of death. Our results also demonstrated that healthy lifestyle behaviors are important even in old age. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Association of sleep duration with mortality from cardiovascular disease and other causes for Japanese men and women: the JACC study.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ikehara S, Iso H, Date C, Kikuchi S, Watanabe Y, Wada Y, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Sleep, 32, 3, 295, 301, 2009年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Age at onset influences on wide-ranged clinical features of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Atsuta, N., Watanabe, H., Ito, M., Tanaka, F., Tamakoshi, A., Nakano, I., Aoki, M., Tsuji, S., Yuasa, T., Takano, H., Hayashi, H., Kuzuhara, S., Sobue, G.
Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 276, 1-2, 2009年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Smoking and the risk of upper aero digestive tract cancers for men and women in the Asia-Pacific region
Ansary-Moghaddam A, Martiniuk A, Lam TH, Jamrozik K, Tamakoshi A, Fang X, Suh I, Barzi F, Huxley R, Woodward M, Kiyohara Y, Arima H, Iida M
Int J Environ Res Public Health, 6, 1358, 1370, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Response to "Tea consumption and the risk for pancreatic cancer"
Y. Lin, S. Kikuchi, A. Tamakoshi, K. Yagyu, Y. Obata, M. Kurosawa, Y. Inaba, T. Kawamura, Y. Motohashi, T. Ishibashi
Pancreas, 38, 5, 593, 594, 2009年, ［査読有り］
英語

Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II, IGF Binding Protein-3, and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Nested Casecontrol Study in the JACC Study
Suzuki S, Kojima M, Tokudome S, Suzuki K, Ozasa K, Ito Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Nakachi K, Watanabe Y, Tamakoshi A, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Motohashi Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Iso H, Mikami H, Kurosawa M, Hoshiyama Y, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Hashimoto S, Kikuchi S, Wada Y, Kawamura T, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Miki T, Date C, Sakata K, Kurozawa Y, Yoshimura T, Fujino Y, Shibata A, Okamoto N, Shio H
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 10, SUPPL.1, 45, 50, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Lack of association between risk of biliary tract cancer and circulating IGF (Insulin Growth Factor) -I, IGF-II or IGFBP- 3 (IGF-binding Protein 3): a nested case-control study in a large scale cohort study in Japan.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yagyu K, Kikuchi S, Lin Y, Ishibashi T, Obata Y, Kurosawa M, Ito Y, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Nakachi K, Tamakoshi A, for the JACC, Study Group
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10, JACC Supplement, 63, 67, 2009年

Serum soluble Fas levels and superoxide dismutase activity and the risk of death from pancreatic cancer: a nested case- control study within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Yagyu K, Ishibashi T, Kurosawa M, Ito Y, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Nakachi K, Tamakoshi A, for the JACC, Study Group
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10, JACC Supplement, 81, 85, 2009年

Variations in serum transforming growth factor-beta1 levels with gender, age and lifestyle factors of healthy Japanese adults.
Lin Y, Nakachi K, Ito Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Yagyu K, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, for the JACC, Study Group
Dis Markers, 27, 23, 28, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Lack of association between serum transforming growth factor-beta 1 and cancer mortality risk in a nested case-control study in Japan.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Lin Y, Nakachi K, Ito Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Yagyu K, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, for the JACC, Study Group
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10, 273, 278, 2009年

C-reactive protein levels and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease in Japanese: The JACC Study.
Iso H, Cui R, Date C, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study group
Atherosclerosis, 207, 291, 297, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Fruit, vegetable and bean intake and mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese men and women: the JACC Study.
Nagura J, Iso H, Watanabe Y, Maruyama K, Date C, Toyoshima H, Yamamoto A, Kikuchi S, Koizumi A, Kondo T, Wada Y, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, the JACC Study group
Br J Nutr, 102, 2, 285, 292, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Reproductive and menstrual factors and thyroid cancer among Japanese women: The Japan collaborative cohort study
Pham T.-M, Fujino Y, Mikami H, Okamoto N, Hoshiyama Y, Tamakoshi A, Matsuda S, Yoshimura T
Journal of Women{'}s Health, 18, 3, 331, 335, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Relationship between Serum Levels of Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Subsequent Risk of Cancer Mortality: Findings from a Nested Case-control Study within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Pham T.-M, Fujino Y, Nakachi K, Suzuki K, Ito Y, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Tamakoshi A, Yoshimura T, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Motohashi Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Iso H, Mikami H, Kurosawa M, Hoshiyama Y, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Hashimoto S, Kikuchi S, Wada Y, Kawamura T, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Miki T, Date C, Sakata K, Kurozawa Y, Yoshimura T, Shibata A, Okamoto N, Shio H
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 10, SUPPL.1, 69, 74, 2009年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, The expression of superoxide dismutases (SODs) has been shown to differ between lung tumor and tumor-free tissues. In the present study, we investigated the association between serum SOD activity and the risk of lung cancer mortality, based on a nested case-control design study within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, with a sample of 193 lung cancer patients and 573 matched controls. Blood samples were obtained at the baseline and stored at -80 degrees C until analysis for SOD levels. Serum levels of SODs were divided into quartiles, with the first quartile used as the reference. A conditional logistic model was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for lung cancer mortality associated with serum SOD quartile levels. The adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for the second, third; and fourth SOD quartiles were 0.80 (95%CI: 0.49-1.29), 1.32 (0.78-2.25), and 1.07 (0.60-1.89), respectively. In analyses stratified by observation period, the adjusted ORs of the respective quartiles were 0.56 (95%CI: 0.30-1.07), 1.16 ( 0.57-2.37), and 1.11 (0.52-2.35) for the period from the baseline to 1994; and the adjusted ORs of 1.36 (95%CI: 0.65-2.85), 1.71 (0.75-3.87), and 1.06 (0.44-2.53) for the period after 1994. To conclude, we found no significant association between serum SOD level and the risk of deaths from lung cancer in the present study.

Associations of Food and Nutrient Intakes with Serum IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, TGF-β1, Total SOD Activity and sfas Levels among Middle-aged Japanese: The JACC Study
Maruyama K, Iso H, Ito Y, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Nakachi K, Tamakoshi A, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Motohashi Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Iso H, Mikami H, Kurosawa M, Hoshiyama Y, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Hashimoto S, Kikuchi S, Wada Y, Kawamura T, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Miki T, Date C, Sakata K, Kurozawa Y, Yoshimura T, Fujino Y, Shibata A, Okamoto N, Shio H
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 10, SUPPL.1, 7, 22, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Cancer deaths in a cohort of Japanese Barbers in Aichi Prefecture
Sugiura S, Yagyu K, Obata Y, Lin Y, Tamakoshi A, Ito H, Matsuo K, Tajima K, Aoki K, Kikuchi S
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 10, 2, 307, 310, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Green tea consumption and gastric cancer in Japanese: a pooled analysis of six cohort studies
Inoue M, Sasazuki S, Wakai K, Suzuki T, Matsuo K, Shimazu T, Tsuji I, Tanaka K, Mizoue T, Nagata C, Tamakoshi A, Sawada N, Tsugane S
Gut., 58, 10, 1323, 1332, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Rationale, Design, and Profiles of the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation (NISSIN) Project: A Study of an Age-Specific, Community-Based Cohort of Japanese Elderly
Kitamura Tetsuhisa, Kawamura Takashi, Tamakoshi Akiko, Wakai Kenji, Ando Masahiko, Ohno Yoshiyuki
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 19, 5, 237, 243, 2009年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Serum Adiponectin Multimer Complexes and Liver Cancer Risk in a Large Cohort Study in Japan
Kotani, Kazuhiko, Wakai, Kenji, Shibata, Akira, Fujita, Yuki, Ogimoto, Itsuro, Naito, Mariko, Kurozawa, Yoichi, Suzuki, Hiroshi, Yoshimura, Takesumi, Tamakoshi, Akiko, JACC Study Grp
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION, 10, 87, 90, 2009年
研究論文（学術雑誌）

BASELINE DATA OF SHIZUOKA AREA IN THE JAPAN MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL COLLABORATIVE COHORT STUDY (J-MICC STUDY)
Asai, Yatami, Naito, Mariko, Suzuki, Masumi, Tomoda, Akiko, Kuwabara, Mayumi, Fukada, Yuko, Okamoto, Ayumi, Oishi, Sachie, Ikeda, Kanako, Nakamura, Tsukino, Misu, Yasuko, Katase, Shiroh, Tokumasu, Satoshi, Nishio, Kazuko, Ishida, Yoshiko, Hishida, Asahi, Morita, Emi, Kawai, Sayo, Okada, Rieko, Wakai, Kenji, Tamakoshi, Akiko, Hamajima, Nobuyuki
NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE, 71, 3-4, 137, 144, 2009年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Relationship of serum superoxide dismutase activity and lifestyle in healthy Japanese adults　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Nojima M, Sakauchi F, Mori M, Tamakoshi A, Ito Y, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Nakachi K, JACC Study Group
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10 Suppl, 37, 40, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Serum insulin-like growth factors I and II, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 and risk of breast cancer in the Japan Collaborative Cohort study　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Sakauchi F, Nojima M, Mori M, Wakai K, Suzuki S, Tamakoshi A, Ito Y, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tajima K, Nakachi K
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10 Suppl, 51, 55, 2009年, ［査読有り］

Effect of physical activity on breast cancer risk: findings of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Suzuki S, Kojima M, Tokudome S, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Fujino Y, Wakai K, Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi A, for the JACC, Study Group
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 17, 12, 3396-3401, 2008年12月, ［査読有り］
英語

Written Informed Consent for Participation in a Study and Reduction in Consent Rate
Akiko Tamakoshi, Takashi Kawamura, Kenji Wakai, Masahiko Ando
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 18, 6, 291, 294, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2008年11月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: The association between the method of obtaining informed consent and the consent rate in a cohort study, as well as the differences between consenters and non-consenters with regard to blood-sample donation are unclear.
Methods: We measured the consent rates among 64-year-old residents who underwent medical checkups in a city for a cohort study consisting of a questionnaire survey and blood-sample donation and determined the influence of different approaches to informed consent and the participants' characteristics on the consent rates.
Results: Of 3,098 residents who underwent medical checkups over 10 years, 99.2% responded to the questionnaire survey, and 92.5% agreed to blood-sample donation. The consent rate for blood-sample donation after obtaining individual written informed consent was lower than that observed with the general-announcement approach. Differences in the consent rates for participation in the questionnaire study were, however, negligible. A higher percentage of men than women consented to donate blood samples. After adjustments for gender, it was observed that individuals with a history of hypertension and those without depression consented to blood-sample donation significantly more frequently.
Conclusion: The consent rate for blood-sample donation to the study decreased when the opt-in approach with written consent was used. This decrease may introduce consent bias, and the method of obtaining informed consent should be revised.

A prospective study of educational background and breast cancer among Japanese women
Fujino Y, Mori, M, Tamakoshi A, Sakauchi F, Suzuki S, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Yoshimura T, for the JACC, Study Group
Cancer Causes Control, 19, 9, 931-937, 7, 2008年11月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVE: This prospective cohort study examined the association between educational level and breast cancer incidence in Japan. METHOD: A baseline survey was conducted between 1988 and 1990 among 110,792 residents of 45 areas, aged 40-79 years. Data were restricted to 24 areas where incidence registry data were available, and to subjects which provided information on educational level (32,646). The subjects were assigned to three groups according to their level of education (<16, 16-18, 18<). During 13 years of follow-up (328,931 person-year), 169 cases of breast cancer were newly diagnosed. RESULTS: Women with a high level of education had an increased risk of breast cancer (HR = 1.93, 95 percent confidence interval (95% CI): 1.18, 3.16, in women with the highest educational level) compared with women with the lowest educational level. Adjustment for lifestyle and reproductive factors did not substantially change the results. In addition, when analyses were stratified by age subgroups, the educational difference in breast cancer incidence was more evident among the younger than the elder subgroup. CONCLUSION: The present results suggested that cancer prevention strategies should recognize women with a higher educational level as a high risk group for breast cancer.

Alcohol consumption and mortality from stroke and coronary heart disease among Japanese men and women: the Japan collaborative cohort study.
Ikehara S, Iso H, Toyoshima H, Date C, Yamamoto A, Kikuchi S, Kondo T, Watanabe Y, Koizumi A, Wada Y, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, Japan Collaborative Cohort, Study Group
Stroke, 39, 11, 2936, 2942, 2008年11月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Soluble Fas level and cancer mortality: Findings from a nested case-control study within a large-scale prospective study
Akiko Tamakoshi, Kei Nakachi, Yoshinori Ito, Yingsong Lin, Kiyoko Yagyu, Shogo Kikuchi, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Yutaka Inaba, Kazuo Tajima
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, 123, 8, 1913, 1916, WILEY-LISS, 2008年10月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Soluble Fas (sFas) is known to play an important role in the development of cancers of various sites. To confirm whether or not the serum Was level can be a predictor of cancer, we conducted a nested case-control study within a large-scale population-based cohort study in Japan. Serum samples were collected from 39,242 participants (13,839 men and 25,403 women) at baseline, all of whom were followed until 1997 for mortality and until 1994 for cancer incidence. Three controls were randomly selected and matched to each cancer case for gender, age and residential area. Serum values of Was were measured by enzyme-linked immuno-adsorbent assay, using commercially available kits. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic models, based on 798 total cancer mortality cases and their 2,353 matched controls. The risk of total cancer mortality was increased according to sFas levels, and the OR of the highest quartile compared with that of the lowest was 1.81 (95% CI; 1.40-2.34) after adjusting for smoking and drinking status, and body mass index. This positive association remained unaltered when cases were divided into 2 groups according to the observation period. Our results suggest that serum sFas has a possibility to detect people at high risk for cancer prior to diagnosis, since it increased before cancer diagnosis in those apparently healthy people. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Fish, omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, and Mortality From Cardiovascular Diseases in a Nationwide Community-Based Cohort of Japanese Men and Women The JACC (Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk) Study
Yamagishi K, Iso H, Date C, Fukui M, Wakai K, Kikuchi S, Inaba Y, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi A, for the JACC, Study Group
J Am Coll Cardiol, 52, 12, 988-996, 996, 2008年09月, ［査読有り］
英語

Development and validity of the Japanese version of body shape silhouette: relationship between self-rating silhouette and measured body mass index.
Nagasaka K, Tamakoshi K, Matsushita K, Toyoshima H, Yatsuya H
Nagoya journal of medical science, 70, 3-4, 89, 96, 名古屋大学, 2008年08月, ［査読有り］
英語

Relationship between public attitudes toward genomic studies related to medicine and their level of genomic literacy in Japan
Izumi Ishiyama, Akiko Nagai, Kaori Muto, Akiko Tamakoshi, Minori Kokado, Kyoko Mimura, Tetsuro Tanzawa, Zentaro Yamagata
American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part A, 146, 13, 1696, 1706, 2008年07月01日, ［査読有り］

Relationship between dietary sodium and potassium intake with mortality from cardiovascular disease: The JACC study
UMESAWA Mitsumasa, ISO Hiroyasu, DATE Chigusa, YAMAMOTO Akio, TOYOSHIMA Hideaki, WATANABE Yoshiyuki, KIKUCHI Shogo, KOIZUMU Akio, KONDO Takaaki, INABA Yutaka, TANABE Naohito, TAMAKOSHI Akiko
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 88, 1, 195-202, 2008年07月, ［査読有り］
英語, 文部科学省がんコホート研究のデータを用いて59,000人の追跡調査を行い，ナトリウムとカリウムの摂取量と循環器疾患発症との関連を解析した。その結果，高ナトリウ摂取と低カリウム摂取が，循環器疾患発症リスクを低下させることが明らかとなった。

Alcohol drinking and colorectal cancer in Japanese: A pooled analysis of results from five cohort studies
Tetsuya Mizoue, Manami Inoue, Kenji Wakai, Chisato Nagata, Taichi Shimazu, Ichiro Tsuji, Tetsuya Otani, Keitaro Tanaka, Keitaro Matsuo, Akiko Tamakoshi, Shizuka Sasazuki, Shoichiro Tsugane
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 167, 12, 1397, 1406, OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC, 2008年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Colorectal cancer is an alcohol-related malignancy; however, the association appears to be stronger among Asian populations with a relatively high prevalence of the slow-metabolizing aldehyde dehydrogenase variant. To examine the association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer in Japanese, the authors analyzed original data from five cohort studies that measured alcohol intake using validated questionnaires at baseline. Hazard ratios were calculated in the individual studies, with adjustment for a common set of variables, and then combined using a random-effects model. During 2,231,010 person-years of follow-up (ranging variously from 1988 to 2004), 2,802 colorectal cancer cases were identified. In men, multivariate-adjusted pooled hazard ratios for alcohol intakes of 23-45.9 g/day, 46-68.9 g/day, 69-91.9 g/day, and >= 92 g/day, compared with nondrinking, were 1.42 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21, 1.66), 1.95 (95% CI: 1.53, 2.49), 2.15 (95% CI: 1.74, 2.64), and 2.96 (95% CI: 2.27, 3.86), respectively (p for trend < 0.001). The association was evident for both the colon and the rectum. A significant positive association was also observed in women. One fourth of colorectal cancer cases in men were attributable to an alcohol intake of >= 23 g/day. An alcohol-colorectal cancer association seems to be more apparent in Japanese than in Western populations. Whether this difference can be ascribed to genetic or environmental factors needs to be clarified.

Reduced life expectancy due to smoking in large-scale cohort studies in Japan
Kotaro Ozasa, Kota Katanoda, Akiko Tamakoshi, Hiroshi Sato, Kazuo Tajima, Takaichiro Suzuki, Shoichiro Tsugane, Tomotaka Sobue
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 18, 3, 111, 118, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2008年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: To show the reduction in life expectancy due to smoking and the recovery of normal life expectancy by smoking cessation is useful for tobacco control health policy.
Methods: This study included 140,026 males and 156,810 females aged 40-79 years, who were participants of large-scale cohort studies in Japan (Japan Health Center-based Prospective Study [JPHC]-I, JPHC-II, Three-Prefecture Study, and Japan Collaborative Cohort [JACC] Study), which commenced around 1990. The mean follow-up period (standard deviation) was 9.6 +/- 2.3 years, during which 16,282 men and 9,418 women died. For persons aged 40-79 years grouped according to each defined smoking status in the baseline questionnaire, sex- and age-specific death rates at attained ages were calculated. The age-specific death rate was calculated by dividing the number of persons who died at the age by the number of persons who were followed-up at the attained age. From these death rates, current life tables were constructed according to the smoking status, and survival curves were plotted.
Results: The life expectancy of male smokers, ex-smokers, and never-smokers at age 40 years was 38.5, 40.8, and 42.4 years respectively. In women, the corresponding life expectancies were 42.4, 42.1, and 46.1 years. In both sexes, the age by which half of the current smokers had died was approximately 4 years younger than that for never-smokers. The life expectancies of male ex-smokers who quit smoking before ages 40, 50, 60, and 70 years were 4.8, 3.7, 1.6, and 0.5 years longer than those of smokers, respectively.
Conclusion: Smoking considerably reduced the life expectancy, and earlier smoking cessation resulted in a better survival than that seen with continued smoking.

Active smoking, passive smoking, and breast cancer risk: findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Kondo T, Niwa Y, Yatsuya H, Nishio K, Suzuki S, Tokudome S, Yamamoto A, Toyoshima H, Mori M, Tamakoshi A, for the Japan Collaborative Cohort, Study Group
J Epidemiol, 18, 2, 77-83, 2008年03月, ［査読有り］
英語

Population attributable fraction of mortality associated with tobacco smoking in Japan: a pooled analysis of three large-scale cohort studies.
Katanoda Kota, Marugame Tomomi, Saika Kumiko, Satoh Hiroshi, Tajima Kazuo, Suzuki Takaichiro, Tamakoshi Akiko, Tsugane Shoichiro, Sobue Tomotaka
J Epidemiol, 18, 6, 251, 264, 2008年, ［査読有り］

Serum total homocysteine concentrations and risk of mortality from stroke and coronary heart disease in Japanese: The JACC study.
Cui R, Moriyama Y, Koike KA, Date C, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Iso H, for the JACC, Study group
Atherosclerosis, 198, 2, 412, 418, 2008年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Evidence for association between serum total homocysteine (tHcy) level and cardiovascular disease is limited in Asian populations. We conducted a nested case-control study under JACC Study. A total of 39,242 subjects aged 40-79 years provided serum samples at baseline surveys between 1988 and 1990. Control subjects were selected by matching for sex, age, community and year of serum storage. Serum tHcy levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. During the 10-year follow-up, there were 444 deaths due to total cardiovascular disease, including 310 total stroke (131 hemorrhage and 101 ischemic strokes) and 134 coronary heart diseases. The risks of mortality from ischemic stroke, coronary heart disease, and total cardiovascular disease were significantly higher in individuals with the highest serum tHcy quartile (>or=15.3micromol/L) than in those with the lowest quartile (<10.5micromol/L); the respective multivariable odds ratios (95% CI) were 4.35 (1.12-16.9), 3.40 (1.17-9.86), and 1.68 (1.02-2.77). The multivariable odds ratios associated with a 5-micromol/L increase in tHcy were 1.49 (1.01-2.18), 2.01 (1.21-3.35), and 1.15 (1.00-1.32), respectively. High serum tHcy levels were associated with increased mortality from ischemic stroke, coronary heart disease and total cardiovascular disease among Japanese.

Smoking status, sports participation and mortality from coronary heart disease.
Noda H, Iso H, Toyoshima H, Date C, Yamamoto A, Kikuchi S, Koizumi A, Kondo T, Watanabe Y, Wada Y, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, for the JACC, Study Group
Heart, 94, 471, 475, 2008年, ［査読有り］

Green tea consumption and the risk of pancreatic cancer in Japanese adults.
Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Yagyu K, Obata Y, Kurosawa M, Inaba Y, Kawamura T, Motohashi Y, Ishibashi T, for the JACC, Study Group
Pancreas, 37, 25, 30, 2008年, ［査読有り］

Cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and the risk of gallbladder cancer death: a prospective cohort study in Japan.
Yagyu K, Kikuchi S, Obata Y, Lin Y, Ishibashi T, Kurosawa M, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Int J Cancer, 122, 924, 929, 2008年, ［査読有り］

Relations between dietary sodium and potassium intakes and mortality from cardiovascular disease: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risks.
Umesawa M, Iso H, Date C, Yamamoto A, Toyoshima H, Watanabe Y, Kikuchi S, Koizumi A, Kondo T, Inaba Y, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Am J Clin Nutr., 88, 1, 195, 202, 2008年, ［査読有り］
英語

Relation of blood pressure and all-cause mortality in 180,000 Japanese participants: pooled analysis of 13 cohort studies.
Murakami Y, Hozawa A, Okamura T, Ueshima H, Evidence for Cardiovascular, Prevention From Observational Cohorts in Japan, Research Group, EPOCH-JAPAN, Ueshima H, Murakami Y, Ueshima H, Imai Y, Iso H, Kiyohara Y, Kodama K, Nakagawa H, Nakayama T, Okamura T, Okayama A, Saitoh S, Tamakoshi A, Tsuji I, Izumi Y
Hypertension. 2008;51(6):1483-91., 2008年, ［査読有り］
日本語

Prevalence and clinicoepidemiological features of moyamoya disease in Japan: findings from a nationwide epidemiological survey.
Kuriyama Shinichi, Kusaka Yasuko, Fujimura Miki, Wakai Kenji, Tamakoshi Akiko, Hashimoto Shuji, Tsuji Ichiro, Inaba Yutaka, Yoshimoto Takashi
Stroke, 39, 1, 42, 47, 2008年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Alcohol drinking and colorectal cancer in Japanese: a pooled analysis of results from five cohort studies　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Mizoue T, Inoue M, Wakai K, Nagata C, Shimazu T, Tsuji I, Otani T, Tanaka K, Matsuo K, Tamakoshi A, Sasazuki S, Tsugane S
Am J Epidemiol., 167, 12, 1397, 1406, 2008年, ［査読有り］

Cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and oral and pharyngeal cancer mortality in Japan
Ide R, Mizoue T, Fujino Y, Hoshiyama Y, Sakata K, Tamakoshi A, Yoshimura T
Oral Dis., 14, 4, 314, 319, 2008年, ［査読有り］

Hypertension and other risk factors for the development of kidney cancer (renal cell carcinoma) in a Japanese population: Findings from the JACC study
Washio M, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Hayashi K, Miki T, Nakao M, Mikami K, Ito Y, Kubo T, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A
International Medical Journal, 15, 5, 343, 347, 2008年, ［査読有り］

Controls for monitoring the deterioration of stored blood samples in the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study (J-MICC Study).　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Naito M, Eguchi H, Okada R, Ishida Y, Nishio K, Hishida A, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, Hamajima N, for the J-MICC, Study Group
Nagoya J Med Sci, 70, 107, 115, 2008年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Coffee drinking and colorectal cancer and its subsites: A pooled analysis of 8 cohort studies in Japan.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Kashino I, Akter S, Mizoue T, Sawada N, Kotemori A, Matsuo K, Oze I, Ito H, Naito M, Nakayama T, Kitamura Y, Tamakoshi A, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Inoue M, Nagata C, Sadakane A, Tanaka K, Tsugane S, Shimazu T, Research Group for the Development, Evaluation of Cancer, Prevention Strategies in Japan
Int J Cancer., 143, 307, 316, 2008年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Risk and protective factors related to mortality from pneumonia among middleaged and elderly community residents: the JACC Study.
Inoue Y, Koizumi A, Wada Y, Iso H, Watanabe Y, Date C, Yamamoto A, Kikuchi S, Inaba Y, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A
Journal of Epidemiology, 17, 6, 194, 202, 2007年11月, ［査読有り］

Risk factors for first acute myocardial infarction attack assessed by cardiovascular disease registry data in Aichi Prefecture.
Kondo Y, Toyoshima H, Yatsuya H, Hirose K, Morikawa Y, Ikedo N, Masui T, Tamakoshi K
Nagoya journal of medical science, 69, 3-4, 139, 147, 名古屋大学, 2007年10月, ［査読有り］
英語

Analysis of a nationwide survey on treatment and outcomes of congenital hydrocephalus in Japan
Moritake Kouzo, Nagai Hidemasa, Miyazaki Takeshi, Nagasako Noriko, Yamasaki Mami, Sakamoto Hiroaki, Miyajima Masakazu, Tamakoshi Akiko
NEUROLOGIA MEDICO-CHIRURGICA, 47, 10, 453, 460, 2007年10月, ［査読有り］

Consumption of soy foods and the risk of breast cancer: findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study.
Nishio K, Niwa Y, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi K, Kondo T, Yatsuya H, Yamamoto A, Suzuki S, Tokudome S, Lin Y, Wakai K, Hamajima N, Tamakoshi A
Cancer causes & control : CCC, 18, 8, 801, 808, 2007年10月, ［査読有り］

A nested case-control study of stomach cancer and serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-2 and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3.
Pham TM, Fujino Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Yatsuya H, Matsuda S, Yoshimura T, JACC Study Group
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), 43, 10, 1611, 1616, 2007年07月, ［査読有り］

The role of lifestyle risk factors on mortality from colorectal cancer in populations of the Asia Pacific region
A. Okayama, H. Ueshima, H. Maegawa, M. Nakamura, N. Aoki, Z. S. Wu, C. H. Yao, Z. S. Wu, Mary Luszcz, T. A. Welborn, Z. Tang, L. S. Liu, J. X. Xie, R. Norton, S. Ameratunga, S. MacMahon, G. Whitlock, M. W. Knuiman, H. Christensen, X. G. Vvu, J. Zhou, X. H. Yu, A. Tamakoshi, W. H. Pan, Z. L. Wu, L. Q. Chen, G. L. Shan, P. Sritara, D. F. Gu, X. F. Duan, S. MacMahon, R. Norton, G. Whitlock, R. Jackson, Y. H. Li, T. H. Lam, C. Q. Jiang, Y. Kiyohara, H. Arima, M. Iida, J. Woo, S. C. Ho, Z. Hong, M. S. Huang, B. Zhou, J. L. Fuh, H. Ueshima, Y. Kita, S. R. Choudhury, I. Su, S. H. Jee, I. S. Kim, G. G. Giles, I. Hashimoto, K. Sakata, A. Dobson, Y. Imai, T. Ohkubo, A. Hozawa, K. Jamrozik, M. Hobbs, R. Broadhurst, K. Nakachi, X. H. Fang, S. C. Li, Q. D. Yang, Z. M. Chen, H. Tanaka, Y. Kita, A. Nozaki, H. Ueshima, H. Horibe, Y. Matsutani, M. Kagaya, K. Hughes, J. Lee, D. Heng, S. K. Chew, B. F. Zhou, H. Y. Zhang, K. Shimamoto, S. Saitoh, Z. Z. Li, H. Y. Zhang, P. Norman, K. Jamrozik, Y. He, T. H. Lam, S. X. Yao, Rachel Huxley
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION, 8, 2, 191, 198, APOCP, 2007年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Although colorectal cancer is one of the leading malignancies worldwide, there are few data on aetiological relationships from the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, a collaborative study was conducted involving over half a million subjects from 33 cohort studies in the region. Age-adjusted death rates from colorectal cancer, over an average of 6.8 years follow-up, were 12 and 14 per 100,000 person-years among Asian women and men, respectively; corresponding values in Australasia were 31 and 41. Height was strongly associated with death from colorectal cancer: an extra 5cm of height was associated with 10% (95% confidence interval, 3% - 18%) additional risk, after adjustment for other factors. Smoking increased risk by 43% (9% - 88%), although no significant dose-response relationship was discerned (p >0.05). Other significant (p <0.05) risk factors were body mass index and lack of physical activity. There was no significant effect on colorectal cancer mortality for alcohol consumption, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose or diabetes, although the latter conferred a notable 26% additional risk. Height may be a biomarker for some currently unknown genetic, or environmental, risk factors that are related both to skeletal growth and mutanogenesis. Understanding such mechanisms could provide opportunities for novel preventive and therapeutic intervention.

Psychological attitudes and risk of breast cancer in Japan: a prospective study.
Wakai K, Kojima M, Nishio K, Suzuki S, Niwa Y, Lin Y, Kondo T, Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi K, Yamamoto A, Tokudome S, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Cancer causes & control : CCC, 18, 3, 259, 267, 2007年04月, ［査読有り］

Dietary fiber and risk of colorectal cancer in the Japan collaborative cohort study.
Wakai K, Date C, Fukui M, Tamakoshi K, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Kojima M, Kawado M, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Tokudome S, Ozasa K, Suzuki S, Toyoshima H, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 16, 4, 668, 675, 2007年04月, ［査読有り］

Decrease in risk of lung cancer death in Japanese men after smoking cessation by age at quitting: pooled analysis of three large-scale cohort studies.
Wakai Kenji, Marugame Tomomi, Kuriyama Shinichi, Sobue Tomotaka, Tamakoshi Akiko, Satoh Hiroshi, Tajima Kazuo, Suzuki Takaichiro, Tsugane Shoichiro
Cancer Sci, 98, 4, 584, 589, 2007年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Lung cancer mortality and body mass index in a Japanese cohort: findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study).
Kondo T, Hori Y, Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Nishino Y, Seki N, Ito Y, Suzuki K, Ozasa K, Watanabe Y, Ando M, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A
Cancer causes & control : CCC, 18, 2, 229, 234, 2007年03月, ［査読有り］

Overview of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer
Akiko Tamakoshi
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION, 8, 1, 8, ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION, 2007年, ［査読有り］
英語, Starting in the late 1980s a major collaborative effort has been carried out in Japan to increase knowledge about factors contributing to mortality from cancer and circulatory disease. This Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) is sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan (Monbukagakusho) and has contributions from 45 areas of the country. With Drs Kunio Aoki and Yoshiyuki Ohno as leading figures in this endeavour, the cohort now covers more than 100,000 participants enrolled at various centers located from Hokkaido in the North to Kyushu in the South. To collect epidemiological information at baseline, a self-administered questionnaire was used. Follow-up up was to 2003 in the majority of cases and a total of 17,404 deaths were registered, the five commonest sites of cancer development being the lung, stomach, liver, pancreas and colon in men, and the stomach, lung, liver, colon and pancreas in women.

Serum total cholesterol levels and risk of mortality from stroke and coronary heart disease in Japanese: the JACC study.
Cui R, Iso H, Toyoshima H, Date C, Yamamoto A, Kikuchi S, Kondo T, Watanabe Y, Koizumi A, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Atherosclerosis, 194, 415, 420, 2007年, ［査読有り］

Obesity, physical activity and the risk of pancreatic cancer in a large Japanese cohort.
Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Yagyu K, Obata Y, Inaba Y, Kurosawa M, Kawamura T, Motohashi Y, Ishibashi T, JACC Study Group
Int J Cancer, 120, 2665, 2671, 2007年, ［査読有り］

A prospective cohort study of perceived noise exposure at work and cerebrovascular diseases among male workers in Japan
Fujino Y, Iso H, Tamakoshi A
Journal of Occupational Health, 49, 5, 382, 388, 2007年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, This study prospectively examined the association between perceived noise exposure at work and cerebrovascular diseases among Japanese male workers. A baseline survey was conducted between 1988 and 1990, which involved 110,792 inhabitants (age range: 40-79 yr) from 45 areas throughout Japan. Subsequent causes of death were identified from death certificates. The analysis was restricted to 14,568 men free of a cerebrovascular diseases (age range: 40-59 yr) who were in work at the time of the baseline survey. All subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire at the baseline. This included a question regarding perceived noise exposure at work. The Cox proportional-hazards model was used to estimate the risks of perceived noise exposure for death due to cerebrovascular diseases. The model included age, smoking, alcohol consumption, educational level, perceived mental stress, past medical history, body mass index, hours of walking, hours of exercise, shift work, and job type. During the 190,777 person-years of follow-up, a total of 1,064 deaths were recorded, 98 from cerebrovascular diseases, 27 deaths from subarachnoid haemorrhage, 35 deaths from intracerebral haemorrhage, and 25 deaths from cerebral infarction. Noise exposure did not increase the risk of cerebrovascular diseases, subarachnoid haemorrhage, or cerebral infarction. However, perceived noise exposure increased the risk of intracerebral haemorrhage diseases (hazard ratio (HR)=2.38, 95%CI: 1.20, 4.71, p=0.013). Furthermore, individuals with hypertension were highly susceptible to the effect of perceived noise exposure on the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage, but this association was not observed among the subjects without hypertension. Although the underlying mechanisms are not clear, hypertensive individuals with perceived noise exposure at work should be regarded as a high-risk group for intracerebral hemorrhage.

Marital status and mortality among Japanese men and women: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Ikeda A, Iso H, Toyoshima H, Fujino Y, Mizoue T, Yoshimura T, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A
BMC Public Health, 7, 7, 73, 2007年, ［査読有り］

Dietary habits and risk of ovarian cancer death in a large-scale cohort study (JACC study) in Japan
Sakauchi F, Khan M.M.H, Mori M, Kubo T, Fujino Y, Suzuki S, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi A
Nutrition and Cancer, 57, 2, 138, 145, 2007年, ［査読有り］

Diabetes mellitus and kidney cancer risk: The results of Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study)
Washio M, Mori M, Khan M, Sakauchi F, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Hayashi K, Miki T, Nakao M, Mikami K, Ito Y, Kubo T, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A
International Journal of Urology, 14, 5, 393, 397, 2007年, ［査読有り］

A nested case-control study of stomach cancer incidence and serum superoxide dismutase activity in the Japan Collaborative Cohort study in Japan
Pham T.-M, Fujino Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Yatsuya H, Kubo T, Matsuda S, Yoshimura T
Cancer Detection and Prevention, 31, 6, 431, 435, 2007年, ［査読有り］

A Prospective Study of Green Tea Consumption and Oral Cancer Incidence in Japan
Ide R, Fujino Y, Hoshiyama Y, Mizoue T, Kubo T, Pham T.-M, Shirane K, Tokui N, Sakata K, Tamakoshi A, Yoshimura T
Annals of Epidemiology, 17, 10, 821, 826, 2007年, ［査読有り］

Liver cancer risk, coffee, and hepatitis C virus infection: a nested case-control study in Japan.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Wakai K, Kurozawa Y, Shibata A, Fujita Y, Kotani K, Ogimoto I, Naito M, Nishio K, Suzuki H, Yoshimura T, Tamakoshi A, for the JACC, Study Group
Br J Cancer, 97, 426, 428, 2007年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

The effect of modifiable risk factors on pancreatic cancer mortality in populations of the Asia-Pacific region
Alireza Ansary-Moghaddam, Rachel Huxley, Federica Barzi, Carlene Lawes, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Xianghua Fang, Sun Ha Jee, Mark Woodward, A. Okayama, H. Ueshima, H. Maegawa, N. Aoki, M. Nakamura, N. Kubo, T. Yamada, Z. S. Wu, C. H. Yao, G. Andrews, T. A. Welborn, Z. Tang, L. S. Liu, J. X. Xie, R. Norton, S. Ameratunga, S. MacMahon, G. Whitlock, M. W. Knuiman, H. Christensen, J. Zhou, X. H. Yu, X. G. Wu, A. Tamakoshi, W. H. Pan, P. Sritara, Z. L. Wu, L. Q. Chen, G. L. Shan, D. F. Gu, X. F. Duan, R. Jackson, Y. H. Li, T. H. Lam, C. Q. Jiang, M. Fujishima, Y. Kiyohara, H. Iwamoto, J. Woo, S. C. Ho, Z. Hong, M. S. Huang, B. Zhou, J. L. Fuh, Y. Kita, S. R. Choudhury, I. Suh, I. S. Kim, G. Giles, T. Hashimoto, K. Sakata, A. Dobson, Y. Imai, A. Hozawa, K. Jamrozik, M. Hobbs, R. Broadhurst, K. Nakachi, X. H. Fang, S. C. Li, Q. D. Yang, Z. M. Chen, H. Tanaka, A. Nozaki, H. Horibe, Y. Matsutani, M. Kagaya, K. Hughes, J. Lee, D. Heng, S. K. Chew, B. F. Zhou, H. Y. Zhang, K. Shimamoto, S. Saitoh, Z. Z. Li, P. Norman, Y. He, S. X. Yao
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, 15, 12, 2435, 2440, 2006年12月
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Pancreatic cancer accounts for about 220,000 deaths each year. Known risk factors are smoking and type 2 diabetes. It remains to be seen whether these risk factors are equally important in Asia and whether other modifiable risk factors have important associations with pancreatic cancer. Methods: An individual participant data analysis of 30 cohort studies was carried out, involving 420,310 Asian participants (33% female) and 99,333 from Australia/New Zealand (45% female). Cox proportional hazard models, stratified by study and sex and adjusted for age, were used to quantify risk factors for death from pancreatic cancer. Results: During 3,558,733 person-years of follow-up, there were 324 deaths from pancreatic cancer (54% Asia and 33% female). Mortality rates (per 100,000 person-years) from pancreatic cancer were 10 for men and 8 for women. The following are age-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for death from pancreatic cancer: for current smoking, 1.61 (1.12-2.32)
for diabetes, 1.76 (1.15-2.69)
for a 2-cm increase in waist circumference, 1.08 (1.02-1.14). All three relationships remained significant (P <
0.05) after adjustment for other risk factors. There was no evidence of heterogeneity in the strength of these associations between either cohorts from Asia and Australia/New Zealand or between the sexes. In men, the combination of cigarette smoking and diabetes more than doubled the likelihood of pancreatic cancer (2.47
95% confidence interval, 1.17-5.21) in both regions. Conclusions: Smoking, obesity, and diabetes are important and are potentially modifiable risk factors for pancreatic cancer in populations of the Asia-Pacific region. Activities to prevent them can be expected to lead to a major reduction in the number of deaths from this cancer, particularly in Asia with its enormous population. Copyright © 2006 American Association for Cancer Research.

A population-based follow-up study on mortality from cancer or cardiovascular disease and serum carotenoids, retinol and tocopherols in Japanese inhabitants　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ito Y, Suzuki K, Ishii J, Hishida H, Tamakoshi A, Hamajima N, Aoki K
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 7, 4, 533, 546, 2006年10月, ［査読有り］

A scoring system to predict renal outcome in IgA nephropathy: from a nationwide prospective study
Wakai K, Kawamura T, Endoh M, Kojima M, Tomino Y, Tamakoshi A, Ohno Y, Inaba Y, Sakai H
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 21, 10, 2800-2808, 2006年10月, ［査読有り］
英語

Risk factors for multiple myeloma: evidence from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) study.
Khan MM, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Matsuo K, Ozasa K, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study group
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 7, 575, 581, 4, 2006年10月, ［査読有り］

Serum heat shock protein 70 levels and lung cancer risk: a case-control study nested in a large cohort study.
Suzuki K, Ito Y, Wakai K, Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Seki N, Ando M, Nishino Y, Kondo T, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Inoue T, Tamakoshi A
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 15, 9, 1733, 1737, 2006年09月, ［査読有り］

Eating fast leads to obesity: Findings based on self-administered questionnaires among middle-aged Japanese men and women
R Otsuka, K Tamakoshi, H Yatsuya, C Murata, A Sekiya, K Wada, HM Zhang, K Matsushita, K Sugiura, S Takefuji, P OuYang, N Nagasawa, T Kondo, S Sasaki, H Toyoshima
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 16, 3, 117, 124, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2006年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Few epidemiologic studies have examined the association between the rate of eating and obesity. In this study, we cross-sectionally examined the association of the self-reported rate of eating with current Body Mass Index (BMI), and BMI-change from 20 years of age to the current age.
METHODS: Subjects were 3737 male (mean age standard deviation and mean BMI standard deviation: 48.2 +/- 7.1 years and 23.3 +/- 2.7 kg /m(2)) and 1005 female (46.3 +/- 7.0 years and 21.8 +/- 2.8 kg /m(2)) Japanese civil servants. We measured self-reported categorical rate of eating, current BMI, BMI at age 20, and BMI-change from age 20. Energy intake was assessed over a 1-month period with a brief-type diet history questionnaire.
RESULTS: The multiple regression analysis in which the current BMI was regressed by categorical rate of eating, energy intake, age, and lifestyle factors showed that current BMI steadily increased by -0.99, -0.67, 0.81, and 1.47 kg/m(2) along with the progress of categorical rate of eating from the 'medium' group to 'very slow', 'relatively slow', 'relatively fast', and 'very fast' groups, respectively, in men. In women, the corresponding values were -1.06, -0.35, 0.50, and 1.34 kg/m(2). When the BMI increment from age 20 to current age was regressed in the same manner, the increment was -0.63, -0.34, 0.57, and 1.05 kg/m(2) in men and -0.71, -0.32, 0.34, and 1.14 kg/m(2) in women, respectively. Additionally, both BMI at age 20 and current height were positively associated with rate of eating.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results among middle-aged men and women suggest that eating fast would lead to obesity.

The relationship between green tea and total caffeine intake and risk for self-reported type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults
H Iso, C Date, K Wakai, M Fukui, A Tamakoshi
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 144, 8, 554, 562, AMER COLL PHYSICIANS, 2006年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: in western populations, coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk for type 2 diabetes; however, the effect of green, black, and oolong teas is unclear.
Objective: To examine the relationship between consumption of these beverages and risk for diabetes.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: 25 communities across Japan.
Participants: A total of 17 413 persons (6727 men and 10 686 women; 49% of the original study population) who were 40 to 65 years of age; had no history of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer at the baseline lifestyle survey; and completed the 5-year follow-up questionnaire. There was no difference in body mass index levels at baseline between respondents and non-respondents.
Measurements: Questionnaire on consumption of coffee; black, green, and oolong teas; and physician-diagnosed diabetes. Results: During the 5-year follow-up, there were 444 self-reported new cases of diabetes in 231 men and 213 women (5-year event rates, 3.4% and 2.0%, respectively). Consumption of green tea and coffee was inversely associated with risk for diabetes after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and other risk factors. Multivariable odds ratios for diabetes among participants who frequently drank green tea and coffee ( :6 cups of green tea per day and 3 cups of coffee per day) were 0.67 (95% Cl, 0.47 to 0.94) and 0.58 (Cl, 0.37 to 0.90), respectively, compared with those who drank less than I cup per week. No association was found between consumption of black or oolong teas and the risk for diabetes. Total caffeine intake from these beverages was associated with a 33% reduced risk for diabetes. These inverse associations were more pronounced in women and in overweight men.
Limitations: Diabetes was self-reported, no data were available on consumption of soda, and the follow-up rate was low.
Conclusions: Consumption of green tea, coffee, and total caffeine was associated with a reduced risk for type 2 diabetes.

Birth weight and adult hypertension - Cross-sectional study in a Japanese workplace population
K Tamakoshi, H Yatsuya, K Wada, K Matsushita, R Otsuka, PO Yang, K Sugiura, Y Hotta, H Mitsuhashi, T Kondo, H Toyoshima
CIRCULATION JOURNAL, 70, 3, 262, 267, JAPANESE CIRCULATION SOCIETY, 2006年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background Low birth weight has been associated with adult hypertension in several Western populations. This association needs to be evaluated in Japanese people.
Methods and Results A population-based cross-sectional study of 3,107 subjects (2,303 males and 804 females) aged 35-66 years was conducted. The participants responded to a questionnaire about their birth weights, blood pressure, medical history, parental history, and lifestyle factors. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure >= 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >= 90mmHg and/or under treatment by anti-hypertensives. Multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, parental history, and lifestyle revealed the adjusted odds ratios for hypertension were 1.26 (95% confidence interval: 0.88-1.80), 1.00 (reference), 0.89 (0.73-1.08) and 0.70 (0.49-1.00) in subjects in birth weight categories of < 2,500g, 2,500-< 3,000-, 3,000-< 3,500-, 3,500-g, respectively (p-value for trend=0.009). Furthermore, this inverse association was clearly pronounced in normal-weight subjects.
Conclusion Low birth weight was independently associated with adult hypertension in the Japanese workplace population. Our results support the inverse association observed previously in Western populations and suggest that intrauterine environmental insults might lead to permanent changes in the metabolism and structure of the fetal organs influencing the regulation of blood pressure.

Plasma fibrinogen levels and cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese schoolchildren
C Fujii, H Sakakibara, T Kondo, H Yatsuya, K Tamakoshi, H Toyoshima
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 16, 2, 64, 70, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2006年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Plasma fibrinogen level has been recognized as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and its thrombotic complications in adults. The present study aimed to clarify the association between plasma fibrinogen levels and cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese children.
METHODS: A total of 294 schoolchildren (145 boys and 149 girls) aged 10-13 years in a town in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, were surveyed in 2000 for body mass index (BMI), plasma fibrinogen, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), serum total cholesterol, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hemoglobin (Hb) A(1c), and ratio of serum total cholesterol to serum HDL cholesterol (TCHR).
RESULTS: The mean value and standard deviation of plasma fibrinogen level among the schoolchildren was 226.0 +/- 39.7 mg/dL for boys and 245.3 +/- 40.9 mg/dL for girls; significantly higher for girls. Among plasma fibrinogen tertiles, serum CRP tended to increase with plasma fibrinogen in both boys and girls. An increasing trend was also found in serum total cholesterol in boys, and in TCHR, HbA(1c) and BMI in girls. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed significant associations of plasma fibrinogen with serum CRP and HbA(1c) in both sexes, with TCHR in boys, and with BMI in girls.
CONCLUSIONS: Plasma fibrinogen levels were associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as serum CRP, TCHR, HbA(1c), and BMI in Japanese schoolchildren.

Provitamin A and cancer from an epidemiologic perspective
Yoshinori Ito, Akiko Tamakoshi
Biotherapy, 20, 2, 134, 142, 2006年03月
日本語, Many epidemiologic studies have indicated that provitamin A, such as α-and β-carotenes, reduces the risk of certain cancers such as lung cancer, through certain biological properties of antioxidant actions, immune enhancement, anti-carcinogenesis, etc. In this paper, we reviewed the relationship between serum β -carotene and cancer risk previously reported and the recent results obtained in Japanese large cohort study (JACC Study) between serum provitamin A and lung, colorectal or urothelial cancer. It has been demonstrated by the intervention studies of β-carotene that excess intake of β-carotene is harmful for health. The JACC Study has been shown that high serum levels of α- and β-carotenes were associated with a low risk of lung or colorectal cancer, especially for males, but not females. Thus, it is important especially for females avoid excess intake of β-carotene.

Young epidemiologists' attitude towards personal data protection.
Gen Kobashi, Tsutomu Hoshuyama, Kaori Ohta, Hiroki Sugimori, Izumi Oki, Hideyuki Kanda, Mariko Naito, Soshi Takao, Akiko Tamakoshi
Journal of epidemiology, 16, 2, 90, 2, 2006年03月, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語

Alcohol Consumption and Lung Cancer Mortality in Japanese Men : Results from Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study
NISHINO Yoshikazu, WAKAI Kenji, KONDO Takaaki, SEKI Nao, ITO Yoshinori, SUZUKI Koji, OZASA Kotaro, WATANABE Yoshiyuki, ANDO Masahiko, TSUBONO Yoshitaka, TSUJI Ichiro, TAMAKOSHI Akiko, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology, 16, 2, 49, 56, Japan Epidemiological Association, 2006年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, BACKGROUND: The relationship between alcohol consumption and increased risk of lung cancer is controversial. This study was set up to investigate the association between alcohol consumption and death from lung cancer in a large Japanese cohort.
METHODS: The subjects comprised 28,536 males, aged 40-79 years, living throughout Japan. During 268,464 person-years of follow-up, 377 lung cancer deaths were recorded. The hazard ratio (HR) of alcohol consumption for lung cancer mortality was calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model after adjustment for age, smoking and family history of lung cancer.
RESULTS: There was no association between increased mortality from lung cancer and alcohol consumption among current drinkers. Compared with subjects who had never drunk alcohol, the HRs (95% confidence interval [CI]) of death from lung cancer for light (consuming <25.0 g ethanol per day), moderate (25.0-49.9 g per day) and heavy (≥ 50 g per day) drinkers were 0.81 (95% CI=0.61-1.07), 0.82 (0.61-1.11) and 0.97 (0.66-1.43), respectively. Further adjustment for fruit and vegetable intake did not change the results, and there was no change in HR materially after excluding those patients who died during the first 5 years of follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that alcohol consumption was not associated with increased lung cancer mortality in this population of Japanese men.
J Epidemiol 2006; 16: 49-56.

The effect of interaction between hepatitis C virus and cigarette smoking on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Fujita Y, Shibata A, Ogimoto I, Kurozawa Y, Nose T, Yoshimura T, Suzuki H, Iwai N, Sakata R, Ichikawa S, Tamakoshi A
British journal of cancer, 94, 5, 737, 739, 2006年03月, ［査読有り］

Coronary risk prediction for those with and without diabetes
M Woodward, E Barzi, TH Lam, K Jamrozik, H Ueshima, A Patel, DF Gu, TH Lam, CMM Lawes, SW MacMahon, WH Pan, A Rodgers, Suh, I, H Ueshima, M Woodward, A Okayama, H Ueshima, H Maegawa, N Aoki, M Nakamura, N Kubo, T Yamada, ZS Wu, CH Yao, ZS Wu, Z Tang, LS Liu, JX Xie, R Norton, S Ameratunga, S MacMahon, G Whitlock, MW Knuiman, H Christesen, XG Wu, J Zhou, XH Yu, A Tamakoshi, WH Pan, ZL Wu, LQ Chen, GL Shan, P Sritara, DF Gu, XF Duan, S MacMahon, R Norton, G Whitlock, R Jackson, YH Li, TH Lam, CQ Jiang, M Fujishima, Y Kiyohara, H Iwamoto, J Woo, SC Ho, Z Hong, MS Huang, B Zhou, JL Fuh, Suh, I, SH Jee, IS Kim, H Ueshima, Y Kita, Choudhury, SR, G Andrews, G Giles, T Hashimoto, K Sakata, TA Welborn, A Dobson, Y Imai, T Ohkubo, A Hozawa, K Jamrozik, M Hobbs, K Nakachi, XH Fang, SC Li, QD Yang, ZM Chen, H Tanaka, Y Kita, A Nozaki, H Ueshima, H Horibe, Y Matsutani, M Kagaya, K Hughes, J Lee, D Heng, SK Chew, BF Zhou, HY Zhang, K Shimamoto, S Saitoh, ZZ Li, HY Zhang, P Norman, K Jamrozik, Y He, TH Lam, SX Yao
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PREVENTION & REHABILITATION, 13, 1, 30, 36, SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2006年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background Coronary risk prediction 'engines' are now in common use, and their worth is well proven. There remains the question of how to deal with a prior diagnosis of diabetes.
Design An individual participant meta-analysis of 33 cohort studies involving 364 566 subjects.
Methods Fatal coronary hazard ratios for age, smoking, systolic blood pressure and cholesterol, were computed from Cox models, comparing those with and without diabetes. Three risk prediction equations were compared: a 'stepped model, which included the risk factors and diabetes status; an 'interaction model, which included interactions between diabetes and the risk factors; and a 'fixed model, which fixed the 10-year rate of coronary death amongst those with diabetes to be 7%. These were compared through the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics.
Results The hazard ratio for age was greater for those without diabetes than those with, for men (P=0.005) and women (P=0.02); for men only, systolic blood pressure showed a similar differential (P=0.011). Nevertheless, AUCs were only 0.001 different for the stepped and interaction models for each sex. The AUC for the fixed model was lower and, unlike the other two, showed significant lack of fit for both sexes (P < 0.001).
Conclusions There is no justification for developing separate risk prediction models for those with and without diabetes, nor for assuming that everyone with diabetes should be considered as being at a common high level of risk. Diabetes status might, instead, be used as a risk variable in an overall population equation.

Trends in smoking by birth cohorts born between 1900 and 1977 in Japan
T Marugame, K Kamo, T Sobue, S Akiba, S Mizuno, H Satoh, T Suzuki, K Tajima, A Tamakoshi, S Tsugane
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, 42, 2, 120, 127, ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2006年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background. The present study aimed to elucidate the changing patterns of smoking among successive birth cohorts in Japan.
Methods. Birth-cohort-specific smoking prevalence was estimated for birth cohorts bom from 1900 to 1952, using data pooled from four prospective studies (242,330 men and 274,075 women), and for birth cohorts bom from 1925 to 1977, using National Nutrition Survey data.
Results. For men, two peaks were observed in smoking prevalence, in the 1925 and late-1950s birth cohorts, while a trough was observed for the 1938 birth cohort. For women, ever smoking prevalence was lowest among the 1930s birth cohorts. After the female 1940s birth cohorts, no peak was observed until the end of our observations, the 1970s birth cohorts. Although Japanese women have historically tended to start smoking at later ages, recently, smoking habits have widely expanded among females in young birth cohorts.
Conclusions. Smoking trends in Japanese men and women vary by birth cohorts. Smoking cessation should continue to be strongly promoted among men, although the younger generation has widely adopted a nonsmoking lifestyle. For women, efforts for preventing the onset of smoking, while necessary among the younger generation, should even be enhanced among middle-aged women. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Natural history of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA): A study of 223 Japanese patients
Atsuta, N., Watanabe, H., Ito, M., Banno, H., Suzuki, K., Katsuno, M., Tanaka, F., Tamakoshi, A., Sobue, G.
Brain, 129, 6, 1446, 55, 2006年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an adult-onset motoneuron disease caused by a CAG-repeat expansion in the androgen receptor (AR) gene and for which no curative therapy exists. However, since recent research may provide opportunities for medical treatment, information concerning the natural history of SBMA would be beneficial in planning future clinical trials. We investigated the natural course of SBMA as assessed by nine activities of daily living (ADL) milestones in 223 Japanese SBMA patients (mean age at data collection = 55.2 years; range = 30-87 years) followed from 1 to 20 years. All the patients were diagnosed by genetic analysis. Hand tremor was an early event that was noticed at a median age of 33 years. Muscular weakness occurred predominantly in the lower limbs, and was noticed at a median age of 44 years, followed by the requirement of a handrail to ascend stairs at 49, dysarthria at 50, dysphagia at 54, use of a cane at 59 and a wheelchair at 61 years. Twenty-one of the patients developed pneumonia at a median age of 62 and 15 of them died at a median age of 65 years. The most common cause of death in these cases was pneumonia and respiratory failure. The ages at onset of each ADL milestone were strongly correlated with the length of CAG repeats in the AR gene. However CAG-repeat length did not correlate with the time intervals between each ADL milestone, suggesting that although the onset age of each ADL milestone depends on the CAG-repeat length in the AR gene, the rate of disease progression does not. The levels of serum testosterone, an important triggering factor for polyglutamine-mediated motoneuron degeneration, were maintained at relatively high levels even at advanced ages. These results provide beneficial information for future clinical therapeutic trials, although further detailed prospective studies are also needed.

Serum transforming growth factor-beta1 levels and pancreatic cancer risk: a nested case-control study (Japan).
Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Obata Y, Yagyu K, Inaba Y, Kurosawa M, Kawamura T, Motohashi Y, Ishibashi T, JACC Study Group
Cancer Causes Control, 17, 1077, 1082, 2006年, ［査読有り］

Relationships of Age at Menarche and Menopause, and Reproductive Year with Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in Japanese Postmenopausal Women : The JACC Study
CUI Renzhe, ISO Hiroyasu, TOYOSHIMA Hideaki, DATE Chigusa, YAMAMOTO Akio, KIKUCHI Shogo, KONDO Takaaki, WATANABE Yoshiyuki, KOIZUMI Akio, INABA Yutaka, TAMAKOSHI Akiko, the JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology, 16, 5, 177, 184, Japan Epidemiological Association, 2006年, ［査読有り］
英語, BACKGROUND: Early menopause is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease in Caucasian women. However, this association has not been examined in Asian women.
METHODS: We conducted a 10-year cohort study of 37,965 Japanese post-menopausal women aged 40-79 years in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. Causes of death were determined based on the International Classification of Disease.
RESULTS: There were 487 mortality of stroke and 178 mortality of coronary heart disease. Late menarche or early menopause, or shorter duration of reproductive period was not associated with risk of mortality from coronary heart disease. However, compared with women with age at menarche ≤13 years, those with age at menarche ≥17 years tended to have increased risk of mortality from stroke: the multivariable hazard ratio was 1.32 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93-1.87, p = 0.10). Compared with women with age at menopause of ≥49 years, those with age at menopause of <49 years tended to have increased risk of coronary heart disease among women aged 40-64 years; the multivariable hazard ratio was 1.85 (95% CI: 0.92-3.73, p = 0.08).
CONCLUSIONS: The possible association between early menopause and coronary heart disease among middle-aged women was consistent with the result of observational studies for Caucasian women, and can be explained by a protective effect of endogenous estrogen on the development of atherosclerosis.
J Epidemiol 2006; 16: 177-184.

Association of menstrual and reproductive factors with pancreatic cancer risk in women: findings of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk.
Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Kawamura T, Inaba Y, Kurosawa M, Motohashi Y, Yagyu K, Obata Y, Ishibashi T, JACC Study Group
J Gastroenterol, 41, 9, 878, 883, 2006年, ［査読有り］

Dietary habits and pancreatic cancer among middle-aged and elderly Japanese.
Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Yagyu K, Obata Y, Inaba Y, Kurosawa M, Kawamura T, Motohashi Y, Ishibashi T, for, the JACC, Study Group
Nutr Cancer, 6, 40, 49, 2006年, ［査読有り］

Dietary intake of calcium in relation to mortality from cardiovascular disease: the JACC Study.
Umesawa M, Iso H, Date C, Yamamoto A, Toyoshima H, Watanabe Y, Kikuchi S, Koizumi A, Kondo T, Inaba Y, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi A
Stroke, 37, 20, 26, 2006年, ［査読有り］

Site-specific cancer risk due to diabetes mellitus history: Evidence from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) study
Khan M.M.H, Mori M, Fujino Y, Shibata A, Sakauchi F, Washio M, Tamakoshi A, Motohashi Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Iso H, Mikami H, Inaba Y, Hoshiyama Y, Suzuki H, Shimizu H, Toyoshima H, Tokudome S, Ito Y, Hashimoto S, Kikuchi S, Wakai K, Koizumi A, Kawamura T, Watanabe Y, Miki T, Date C, Sakata K, Nose T, Hayakawa N, Yoshimura T, Okamoto N, Shio H, Kitagawa T, Kuroki T, Tajima K
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 7, 2, 253, 259, 2006年, ［査読有り］

Parental longevity and mortality amongst Japanese men and women: the JACC Study
Ikeda A, Iso H, Toyoshima H, Kondo T, Mizoue T, Koizumi A, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A
J Intern Med., 259, 3, 285, 295, 2006年, ［査読有り］

Risk of endometrial cancer mortality by ever-use of sex hormones and other factors in Japan
Khan M.M.H, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Aklimunnessa K, Kubo T, Fujino Y, Suzuki S, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi A, Motohashi Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Iso H, Mikami H, Inaba Y, Hoshiyama Y, Suzuki H, Shimizu H, Toyoshima H, Wakai K, Ito Y, Hashimoto S, Kikuchi S, Koizumi A, Kawamura T, Watanabe Y, Miki T, Date C, Sakata K, Nose T, Hayakawa N, Yoshimura T, Shibata A, Okamoto N, Shio H, Ohno Y, Kitagawa T, Kuroki T, Tajima K, Shimamoto T, Tanaka H, Hisamichi S, Nakao M, Suzuki T, Hashimoto T, Ishibashi T, Fukuda K
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 7, 2, 260, 266, 2006年, ［査読有り］

Prospective cohort study of the risk of prostate cancer among rotating-shift workers: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Kubo T, Ozasa K, Mikami K, Wakai K, Fujino Y, Watanabe Y, Miki T, Nakao M, Hayashi K, Suzuki K, Mori M, Washio M, Sakauchi F, Ito Y, Yoshimura T, Tamakoshi A
American Journal of Epidemiology, 164, 6, 549, 555, 2006年, ［査読有り］

Effectiveness of cervical cancer screening over cervical cancer mortality among Japanese women
Aklimunnessa K, Mori M, Khan M.M.H, Sakauchi F, Kubo T, Fujino Y, Suzuki S, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi A
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 36, 8, 511, 518, 2006年, ［査読有り］

A prospective cohort study of shift work and risk of ischemic heart disease in Japanese male workers
Fujino Y, Iso H, Tamakoshi A, Inaba Y, Koizumi A, Kubo T, Yoshimura T
American Journal of Epidemiology, 164, 2, 128, 135, 2006年, ［査読有り］

Relationship between body mass index and the risk of ovarian cancer in the Japanese population: findings from the Japanese Collaborate Cohort (JACC) study.
Niwa Y, Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi K, Nishio K, Kondo T, Lin Y, Suzuki S, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Yamamoto A, Hamajima N, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research, 31, 5, 452, 458, 2005年10月, ［査読有り］

Association of XRCC1 Arg399Gln and OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphisms with the risk of cervical cancer in Japanese subjects.
Niwa Y, Matsuo K, Ito H, Hirose K, Tajima K, Nakanishi T, Nawa A, Kuzuya K, Tamakoshi A, Hamajima N
Gynecologic oncology, 99, 1, 43, 49, 1, 2005年10月, ［査読有り］

Association between serum leptin concentration and white blood cell count in middle-aged Japanese men and women
T Mabuchi, H Yatsuya, K Tamakoshi, R Otsuka, N Nagasawa, HM Zhang, C Murata, K Wada, M Ishikawa, Y Hori, T Kondo, S Hashimoto, H Toyoshima
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS, 21, 5, 441, 447, JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD, 2005年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background Leptin's hematopoietic or proinflammatory role has been experimentally reported. We investigated whether serum leptin concentrations are associated with white blood cell (WBC) counts in humans.
Methods Serum leptin concentrations of Japanese civil servants aged 40 to 59 years (1082 men and 200 women) were analyzed in relation to their WBC count. Serum leptin concentrations and WBC counts were measured by radioimmunoassay and automated particle counter respectively, using samples obtained at the time of the participants' annual health checkups.
Results The geometric mean ( geometric standard deviation) leptin concentrations were 3.25 +/- 1.82 ng/mL and 6.25 +/- 3.99 ng/mL, and the geometric mean WBC counts, 5770 +/- 1269/mm(3) and 5107 +/- 1228/mm(3), in men and women respectively. The WBC count adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and drinking and smoking habits increased together with the increase in leptin concentration. Multiple linear regression against WBC count by the leptin concentration and those covariates revealed a significant and independent association with serum leptin concentration especially in women (standardized beta = 0.31, p < 0.001), and also in men (standardized beta = 0.17, p < 0.001). BMI was not significantly associated with WBC counts in the multivariate model adjusting for leptin levels in both sexes.
Conclusions Our results are in line with leptin's hematopoietic or proinflammatory functions. The increased WBC counts often observed in obese people would be mediated by the increased leptin concentration. Ltd. Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Prospective study of alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk in Japanese women.
Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Kondo T, Niwa Y, Yatsuya H, Nishio K, Suzuki S, Tokudome S, Yamamoto A, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A
International journal of cancer, 116, 5, 779, 783, 2005年09月, ［査読有り］

Dietary intakes of fat and fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: a prospective study in Japan.
Wakai K, Tamakoshi K, Date C, Fukui M, Suzuki S, Lin Y, Niwa Y, Nishio K, Yatsuya H, Kondo T, Tokudome S, Yamamoto A, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Cancer science, 96, 9, 590, 599, 2005年09月, ［査読有り］

Alcohol consumption and mortality among middle-aged and elderly Japanese men and women
Lin Y, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi A, Wakai K, Kawamura T, Iso H, Ogimoto I, Yagyu K, Obata Y, Ishibashi T, for, the JACC, Study Group
Ann Epidemiol, 15, 8, 590-597, 2005年09月, ［査読有り］
英語

Coffee and risk of death from hepatocellular carcinoma in a large cohort study in Japan.
Kurozawa Y, Ogimoto I, Shibata A, Nose T, Yoshimura T, Suzuki H, Sakata R, Fujita Y, Ichikawa S, Iwai N, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
British journal of cancer, 93, 5, 607, 610, 2005年09月, ［査読有り］

[Gender difference of sudden death].
Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Yatsuya H
Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 63, 7, 1284, 1288, 2005年07月, ［査読有り］

The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC study) for Evaluation of Cancer Risk Sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan (Monbusho) - Preface
T Yoshimura, Y Inaba, Y Ito, S Hashimoto, A Tamakoshi, Y Watanabe
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 15, S87, S88, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2005年06月
英語

Dietary habits and risk of urothelial cancer incidence in the JACC Study.
Sakauchi F, Mori M, Washio M, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Hayashi K, Miki T, Nakao M, Mikami K, Ito Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology, 15 Suppl 2, S190, 5, Japan Epidemiological Association, 2005年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, BACKGROUND: The relationships between dietary habits and urothelial cancer have been discussed in many epidemiologic studies, however, they have not been sufficiently elucidated. In the present study, the associations of dietary habits with the risk of urothelial cancer incidence were evaluated taking into consideration sex, age, and smoking habits.
METHODS: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) was planned in the late 1980s as a large-scale cohort study surveying people comprehensively and detailing their lifestyles, and the study subjects were followed up until the end of 1997. Among the total of 110,792 participants, 26,464 men and 38,720 women were in areas where incident cases with cancer were identified. During the observation period, 95 men and 28 women suffered from urothelial cancer. Hazard ratios for dietary factors were calculated by Cox's proportional hazards model.
RESULTS: Increasing age, male gender, and smoking history were all significantly associated with the risk of urothelial cancer. High consumption of pork was significantly associated with the risk. In contrast, high intakes of milk and fresh fish were significantly inversely associated with the risk. High intakes of Chinese cabbage and fruits were also significantly inversely associated with the risk of urothelial cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that high intakes of milk, fresh fish, Chinese cabbage, and fruits have preventive effects against urothelial cancer.
J Epidemiol 2005; 15: S190-S195.

Risk factors for kidney cancer in a Japanese population: findings from the JACC Study.
Washio M, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Hayashi K, Miki T, Nakao M, Mikami K, Ito Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology, 15 Suppl 2, S203, 11, 2005年06月, ［査読有り］

Association of serum phytoestrogen concentration and dietary habits in a sample set of the JACC Study
Ozasa K, Nakao M, Watanabe Y, Hayashi K, Miki T, Mikami K, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Washio M, Ito Y, Suzuki K, Kubo T, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, 2, 196, 202, 2005年06月, ［査読有り］

Lung cancer mortality and serum levels of carotenoids, retinol, tocopherols, and folic acid in men and women: a case-control study nested in the JACC Study
Ito Y, Wakai K, Suzuki K, Ozasa K, Watanabe Y, Seki N, Ando M, Nishino Y, Kondo T, Ohno Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, 2, 140, 149, 2005年06月, ［査読有り］

Serum pepsinogen values and Helicobacter pylori status among control subjects of a nested case-control study in the JACC study.
Kikuchi S, Yagyu K, Obata Y, Yingsong L, Yatsuya H, Hoshiyama Y, Kondo T, Sakata K, Mizoue T, Tokui N, Fujino Y, Tamakoshi A, Toyoshima H, Ishibashi T, Hayakawa N, Yoshimura T, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology, 15 Suppl 2, S126, 33, 2005年06月, ［査読有り］

Medical history of circulatory diseases and colorectal cancer death in the JACC Study.
Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Ito Y, Suzuki K, Kojima M, Suzuki S, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Hayakawa N, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 15 Suppl 2, S168, 72, Japan Epidemiological Association, 2005年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, BACKGROUND: Host factors expressed by individual past medical history of hypertension, stroke, and myocardial infarction may have a relationship with colorectal cancer.
METHODS: As part of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) for the Evaluation of Cancer Risk sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan (Monbusho), we conducted a follow-up study of 110,792 Japanese inhabitants aged 40-79 years to reveal the relationship of past medical history of hypertension, stroke, and myocardial infarction at the baseline in 1988-1990 with colorectal cancer death for about 10 years up to the end of 1999.
RESULTS: Past medical history of hypertension associated with an increased risk of female rectal cancer when analyzing all cancer cases with adjustment for age, body mass index, and exercise (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.13-3.43). Past medical history of myocardial infarction was also an increased risk for female rectal cancer (HR = 3.05, 95% CI; 1.28-7.28). Females who had a medical history of stroke had increased risk of rectal cancer without statistical significance.
CONCLUSION: There was a positive association of past medical history of hypertension and myocardial infarction and an increased risk of rectal cancer in women.
J Epidemiol 2005;15:S168-S172.

Alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer risk: findings from the JACC Study.
Wakai K, Kojima M, Tamakoshi K, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Kawado M, Tokudome S, Suzuki S, Ozasa K, Toyoshima H, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 15 Suppl 2, S173, 9, Japan Epidemiological Association, 2005年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, BACKGROUND: Because alcohol drinking is a potential risk factor for colorectal cancer, the trend in alcohol consumption in Japan may partly explain the increase in incidence and mortality rates of this malignancy until 1990-1995.
METHODS: We analyzed data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. From 1988 to 1990, 23,708 men and 34,028 women, aged 40-79 years, completed a questionnaire on lifestyle factors including drinking habits. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated by using proportional hazards models.
RESULTS: During the mean follow-up of 7.6 years through December 1997, we documented 418 incidents of colon cancer and 211 of rectal cancer. Male ex- or current drinkers demonstrated a twofold risk for colon cancer compared with nondrinkers: the multivariate-adjusted IRR was 2.01 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-3.68) for ex-drinkers and 1.97 (95% CI: 1.28-3.03) for current drinkers. The doseresponse relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk, however, was not clear. Female exdrinkers were at an increased risk without statistical significance. For rectal cancer, we found a slightly lower risk in light current drinkers who consumed less than 22 g ethanol per day: the multivariate IRR was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.33-1.13) for men and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.27-1.74) for women. Although the IRR for all current drinkers was almost unity in men, an increasing trend in risk was detected with increasing alcohol consumption in current drinkers (trend p = 0.027).
CONCLUSIONS: Taking the findings from our study and other prospective investigations into consideration, more attention should be paid to alcohol consumption in the prevention of colon cancer in Japan.
J Epidemiol 2005; 15: S173-S179.

Glucose intolerance and colorectal cancer risk in a nested case-control study among Japanese People.
Ozasa K, Ito Y, Suzuki K, Watanabe Y, Kojima M, Suzuki S, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Hayakawa N, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 15 Suppl 2, S180, 4, Japan Epidemiological Association, 2005年06月, ［査読有り］
英語, BACKGROUND: Glucose intolerance may increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
METHODS: In a sero-epidemiological nested case-control study, conducted as part of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) for Evaluation of Cancer Risk, we measured serum glycoalbumin in 123 patients with colorectal cancer and 279 controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk of colorectal cancer.
RESULTS: There were trends towards an association between high levels of glycoalbumin and an increased risk of colorectal cancer in men (odds ratio [OR] = 2.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.89- 6.36) and between high levels of glycoalbumin and a decreased risk of colorectal cancer in women (OR = 0.41; 95% CI, 0.14-1.04).
CONCLUSIONS: A high level of glycoalbumin may increase the risk of colorectal cancer in men. The finding that high levels of glycoalbumin in women decreased their risk of colorectal cancer was inconsistent with previous reports, and may have been the result of limitations in the procedure in selecting samples and statistical power.
J Epidemiol2005; 15: S180-S184.

Colorectal cancer and serum C-reactive protein levels: a case-control study nested in the JACC Study.
Ito Y, Suzuki K, Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Kojima M, Ozasa K, Watanabe Y, Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Suzuki S, Tokudome S, Toyoshima H, Hayakawa N, Kato K, Watanabe M, Ohta Y, Maruta M, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 15 Suppl 2, S185, 9, 2005年06月, ［査読有り］

Polymorphism of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) Cys29Arg and risk of six malignancies in Japanese.
Tanaka D, Hishida A, Matsuo K, Iwata H, Shinoda M, Yamamura Y, Kato T, Hatooka S, Mitsudomi T, Kagami Y, Ogura M, Tajima K, Suyama M, Naito M, Yamamoto K, Tamakoshi A, Hamajima N
Nagoya journal of medical science, 67, 117, 124, 3-4, 2005年06月, ［査読有り］

Updated information on risk factors for lung cancer: findings from the JACC Study. (J Epidemiol)
Wakai Kenji, Ando Masahiko, Ozasa Kotaro, Ito Yoshinori, Suzuki Koji, Nishino Yoshikazu, Kuriyama Shin-ichi, Seki Nao, Kondo Takaaki, Watanabe Yoshiyuki, Ohno Yoshiyuki, Tamakoshi Akiko
J Epidemiol, 15 Suppl 2, S134, 9, 2005年06月
英語

Effects of social relationships on mortality among the elderly in a Japanese rural area: An 88-month follow-up study
C Murata, T Kondo, Y Hori, D Miyao, K Tamakoshi, H Yatsuya, H Sakakibara, H Toyoshima
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 15, 3, 78, 84, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2005年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: The association between social relationships and lower mortality has been well documented in Western countries. This study aims to investigate that association among elderly Japanese in a rural area.
METHODS: An analysis was conducted with 1,994 subjects (58.1% women), 78.3% of the total elderly aged 65 and older in a town, who were independent in activities of daily living. A baseline survey was carried out in 1992, and subjects were followed until 1999. Cox proportional hazard models examined the association between social relationships (availability of casual friend/support provider, group membership, job, living arrangement) and an 88-month mortality.
RESULTS: A significant association between social relationships and mortality was observed among the old-old (aged 75 and older). Among men, having a job and group membership were significantly associated with lower mortality with hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 0.62 (0.41-0.94) and 0.60 (0.40-0.90), respectively, after adjustment for age, diagnosed illnesses, self-rated health, other social relationships, annual income, and home ownership. Among women, having a job and living alone were significantly associated with lower mortality with hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 0.67 (0.45-0.99) and 0.35 (0.13-0.97), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Social relationships such as having a job and group membership were associated with lower mortality among the old-old. In addition, old-old women living alone were better off in terms of mortality after adjustment for possible confounders. This suggests the importance of considering family relationships in terms of quality in areas where multi-generation households prevail.

Cigarette smoking and the risk of ovarian cancer in the Japanese population: findings from the Japanese Collaborate Cohort study.
Niwa Y, Wakai K, Suzuki S, Tamakoshi K, Lin Y, Yatsuya H, Kondo T, Nishio K, Yamamoto A, Tokudome S, Hamajima N, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research, 31, 2, 144, 151, 2005年04月, ［査読有り］

Reproducibility and validity of a self-administered food frequency questionnaire used in the JACC study
C Date, M Fukui, A Yamamoto, K Wakai, A Ozeki, Y Motohashi, C Adachi, N Okamoto, M Kurosawa, Y Tokudome, Y Kurisu, Y Watanabe, K Ozasa, S Nakagawa, N Tokui, T Yoshimura, A Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 15, S9, S23, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2005年03月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: A self-administered questionnaire on dietary habits used in the JACC Study contained a 40-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Although more than 110 thousand subjects enrolled in JACC Study and responded to the FFQ, no validation study has been conducted to date.
METHODS: Eighty-five volunteers among the cohort members completed 2 FFQs (FFQs 1M2) and 12-day weighed dietary records (WDR). The interval between the two FFQs was one year. During the one year, the subjects carried out a 3-consecutive-day WDR in each season. We tested the reproducibility by using two FFQs. Also, we tested the validity of the FFQ by using the 12-day WDR as a gold standard.
RESULTS: The intake frequencies of the 2 FFQs often agreed, showing the Spearman correlation coefficients ranging from 0.42 (edible wild plants) to 0.86 (coffee). The Spearman correlation coefficients of the energy and nutrient intakes from FFQ2, and that of the 12-day WDR were 0.20(energy) to 0.46 (animal protein, potassium). After adjusting the energy intake, the correlation coefficients showed 0.21 (fish fat) to 0.51 (animal fat), When classifying the FFQ2 and WDR by quartiles and examining the degree of agreement between the two methods, we obtained its median 30%.
CONCLUSIONS: The FFQ is suitable to deal with a large group of subjects. However, since the energy and the amount of nutrient intake from this FFQ can not show the overall dietary intake situation, the subjects' dietary intake should be assessed by categories.

Nutritional factors and risk of pancreatic cancer: a population-based case-control study based on direct interview in Japan.
Lin Y, Tamakoshi A, Hayakawa T, Naruse S, Kitagawa M, Ohno Y
Journal of gastroenterology, 40, 3, 297, 301, 2005年03月, ［査読有り］

Serum levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective study.
Kojima M, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Suzuki K, Tamakoshi K, Watanabe Y, Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Hayakawa N, Ozasa K, Toyoshima H, Suzuki S, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
American journal of epidemiology, 161, 5, 462, 471, 2005年03月, ［査読有り］

Stability of frozen serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor-II, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, transforming growth factor beta, soluble Fas, and superoxide dismutase activity for the JACC study.
Ito Y, Nakachi K, Imai K, Hashimoto S, Watanabe Y, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, Yoshimura T, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 15 Suppl 1, S67, 73, 2005年03月, ［査読有り］

Association of p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism at exon 2 and p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism with the risk of endometrial cancer in Japanese subjects.
Niwa Y, Hirose K, Matsuo K, Tajima K, Ikoma Y, Nakanishi T, Nawa A, Kuzuya K, Tamakoshi A, Hamajima N
Cancer letters, 219, 2, 183, 190, 2, 2005年03月, ［査読有り］

Preface
Takesumi Yoshimura, Yutaka Inaba, Yoshinori Ito, Shuji Hashimoto, Akiko Tamakoshi, Yoshiyuki Watanabe
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, 1, S1, S3, 2005年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Intake frequency of fish and serum levels of long-chain n-3 fatty acids: A cross-sectional study within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
K. Wakai, Y. Ito, M. Kojima, S. Tokudome, K. Ozasa, Y. Inaba, K. Yagyu, A. Tamakoshi, M. Mori, Y. Motohashi, I. Tsuhi, Y. Nakamura, H. Iso, H. Mikami, Y. Hoshiyama, H. Suzuki, H. Shimizu, H. Toyoshima, S. Hashimoto, S. Kikuchi, A. Koizumi, T. Kawamura, Y. Watanabe, T. Miki, C. Date, K. Sakata, T. Nose, N. Hayakawa, T. Yoshimura, A. Shibata, N. Okamoto, H. Shio, Y. Ohno, T. Kitagawa, T. Kuroki, K. Tahjima
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, 6, 211, 218, 2005年, ［査読有り］
英語

Association of serum carotenoid concentration and dietary habits among the JACC Study subjects
K. Ozasa, Y. Ito, K. Suzuki, Y. Watanabe, K. Wakai, A. Tamakoshi, M. Mori, Y. Motohashi, I. Tsuji, Y. Nakamura, H. Iso, H. Mikami, Y. Inaba, Y. Hoshiyama, H. Suzuki, H. Shimizu, H. Toyoshima, S. Tokudome, S. Hashimoto, S. Kikuchi, A. Koizumi, T. Kawamura, T. Miki, C. Date, K. Sakata, T. Nose, N. Hayakara, T. Yoshimura, A. Shibata, N. Okamoro, H. Shio, Y. Ohno, T. Kitagawa, T. Kuroki, K. Tajima
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, SUPPL. 2, S220-S227, 2005年, ［査読有り］
英語

Frequency of food intake and estimated nutrient intake among men and women: The JACC Study
H. Iso, C. Date, H. Noda, T. Yoshimura, A. Tamakoshi, M. Mori, Y. Motohashi, I. Tsuji, Y. Nakamura, H. Mikami, Y. Inaba, Y. Hoshiyama, H. Suzuki, H. Shimizu, H. Toyoshima, K. Wakai, S. Tokudome, Y. Ito, S. Hashimoto, S. Kikuchi, A. Koizumi, T. Kawamura, Y. Watanabe, T. Miki, K. Sakata, T. Nose, N. Hayakawa, A. Shibata, N. Okamoto, H. Shio, Y. Ohno, T. Kitagawa, T. Kuroki, K. Tajima
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, SUPPL. 1, S24-S42, 2005年, ［査読有り］
英語

Mortality in the JACC Study till 1999
WATANABE Yoshiyuki, OZASA Kotaro, NAGURA Junko, HAYASHI Kyohei, YOSHIMURA Takesumi, TAMAKOSHI Akiko
Journal of epidemiology, 15, SUPPL. 1, S74-S79, S79, Japan Epidemiological Association, 2005年, ［査読有り］
英語, BACKGROUND: We have been conducting a cohort study named "the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) for Evaluation of Cancer Risk sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan (Monbusho)" since 1988. The aim of this paper is to describe the mortality of our JACC cohort in the follow-up period from 1988 through 1999, to compare it with the mortality, especially cancer deaths, of the Japanese population in the same period and to compare the causes of mortality by district among the cohort.
METHODS: We conducted a follow-up study of 110,792 Japanese inhabitants aged 40-79 years in 1988-1990 for about 10 years to the end of 1999.
RESULTS: Of 46,465 males, 37,750 (81.2%) were alive, 7,238 (15.6%) were dead and 1,477 (3.2%) had moved out of the study areas. The figures were 57,016 (88.6%), 4,940 (7.7%) and 2,371 (3.7%) among 64,327 females, respectively. The mean follow-up period was 9.9 years. The proportion of cancer deaths by site in our cohort members was almost same as the Japanese population aged 40-79 years old in 1995. Sex-specific standardized mortality ratios of total deaths, all cancer deaths, and most cancers in our cohort were less than 100 in both males and females for total cohort and the cohort by district.
CONCLUSION: Our cohort members appeared to be almost the same or slightly healthier and less likely to die from total causes and cancers than the general population.
J Epidemiol 2005; 15: S74-S79.

Profile of the JACC Study
A. Tamakoshi, T. Yoshimura, Y. Inaba, Y. Ito, Y. Watanabe, K. Fukuda, H. Iso, M. Mori, Y. Motohashi, I. Tsuji, Y. Nakamura, H. Mikami, Y. Hoshiyama, H. Suzuki, H. Shimizu, H. Toyoshima, K. Wakai, S. Tokudome, S. Hashimoto, S. Kikuchi, A. Koizumi, T. Kawamura, Y. Watanabe, T. Miki, C. Date, K. Sakata, T. Nose, N. Hayakawa, A. Shibata, N. Okamoto, H. Shio, Y. Ohno, T. Kitagawa, T. Kuroki, K. Tajima
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, SUPPL. 1, S4-S8, 2005年, ［査読有り］
英語

Overview of epidemiology of bile duct and gallbladder cancer focusing on the JACC Study.
Matsuba T, Qiu D, Kurosawa M, Lin Y, Inaba Y, Kikuchi S, Yagyu K, Motohashi Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
J Epidemiol, Suppl 2, S150-156, 2005年

Overview of the epidemiology of pancreatic cancer focusing on the JACC Study.
Qiu D, Kurosawa M, Lin Y, Inaba Y, Matsuba T, Kikuchi S, Yagyu K, Motohashi Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
J Epidemiol, Suppl 2, S157-167, 2005年

Walking and sports participation and mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke.
Noda H, Iso H, Toyoshima H, Date C, Yamamoto A, Kikuchi S, Koizumi A, Kondo T, Watanabe Y, Wada Y, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
J Am Coll Cardiol, 46, 1761, 1767, 2005年, ［査読有り］

History of blood transfusion before 1990 is a risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular diseases: the Japan collaborative cohort study (JACC study).
Yamada S, Koizumi A, Iso H, Wada Y, Watanabe Y, Date C, Yamamoto A, Kikuchi S, Inaba Y, Kondo T, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Cerebrovasc Dis, 20, 164, 171, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Body mass index and mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese men and women: the JACC study.
Cui R, Iso H, Toyoshima H, Date C, Yamamoto A, Kikuchi S, Kondo T, Watanabe Y, Koizumi A, Wada Y, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Stroke, 36, 1377, 1382, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Smoking cessation and mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese men and women: the JACC Study.
Iso H, Date C, Yamamoto A, Toyoshima H, Watanabe Y, Kikuchi S, Koizumi A, Wada Y, Kondo T, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Am J Epidemiol, 161, 170, 179, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Impact of menstrual and reproductive factors on breast cancer risk in Japan: results of the JACC study.
Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, Wakai K, Suzuki S, Nishio K, Lin Y, Niwa Y, Kondo T, Yamamoto A, Tokudome S, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Cancer science, 96, 1, 57, 62, 2005年01月, ［査読有り］

Perceived psychologic stress and colorectal cancer mortality: findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Kojima M, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Kawado M, Suzuki S, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Psychosomatic medicine, 67, 1, 72, 77, 2005年01月, ［査読有り］

Serum carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols, and colorectal cancer risk in a Japanese cohort: effect modification by sex for carotenoids.
Wakai K, Suzuki K, Ito Y, Kojima M, Tamakoshi K, Watanabe Y, Toyoshima H, Hayakawa N, Hashimoto S, Tokudome S, Suzuki S, Kawado M, Ozasa K, Tamakoshi A, Japan Collaborative Cohort, Study Group
Nutrition and cancer, 51, 1, 13, 24, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Leptin is associated with an increased female colorectal cancer risk: a nested case-control study in Japan.
Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Wakai K, Kojima M, Suzuki K, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Yatsuya H, Kondo T, Tokudome S, Hashimoto S, Suzuki S, Kawado M, Ozasa K, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A
Oncology, 68, 4-6, 454, 461, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Survey for incidence of cancer as a measure of outcome in the JACC Study
M. Mori, F. Sakauchi, M. Washio, K. Ozasa, Y. Watanabe, T. Yoshimura, A. Tamakoshi, Y. Motohashi, I. Tsuji, Y. Nakamura, H. Iso, H. Mikami, Y. Inaba, Y. Hoshiyama, H. Suzuki, H. Shimizu, H. Toyoshima, S. Tokudome, Y. Ito, S. Hashimoto, S. Kikuchi, A. Koizumi, T. Kawamura, Y. Watanabe, T. Miki, C. Date, K. Sakata, T. Nose, N. Hayakawa, T. Yoshimura, A. Shibata, N. Okamoto, H. Shio, Y. Ohno, T. Kitagawa, T. Kuroki, K. Tajima
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, SUPPL. 1, S80-S85, 2005年, ［査読有り］
英語

Smoking and drinking habits five years after baseline in the JACC Study
M. Kawado, S. Suzuki, S. Hashimoto, S. Tokudome, T. Yoshimura, A. Tamakoshi, M. Mori, Y. Motohashi, I. Tsuji, Y. Nakamura, H. Iso, H. Mikami, Y. Inaba, Y. Hoshiyama, H. Suzuki, H. Shimizu, H. Toyoshima, K. Wakai, S. Tokudome, Y. Ito, S. Hashimoto, S. Kikuchi, A. Koizumi, T. Kawamura, Y. Watanabe, T. Miki, C. Date, K. Sakata, T. Nose, N. Hayakawa, A. Shibata, N. Okamoto, H. Shio, Y. Ohno, T. Kitagawa, T. Kuroki, K. Tajima
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, SUPPL. 1, S56-S66, 2005年, ［査読有り］
英語

Levels of physical activity among participants in the JACC Study
Y. Kurozawa, T. Hosoda, N. Iwai, T. Nose, T. Yoshimura, A. Tamakoshi, M. Mori, Y. Motohashi, I. Tsuji, Y. Nakamura, H. Iso, H. Mikami, Y. Inaba, Y. Hoshiyama, H. Suzuki, H. Shimizu, H. Toyoshima, K. Wakai, S. Tokudome, Y. Ito, S. Hashimoto, S. Kikuchi, A. Koizumi, T. Kawamura, Y. Watanabe, T. Miki, C. Date, K. Sakata, T. Nose, N. Hayakawa, A. Shibata, N. Okamoto, H. Shio, Y. Ohno, T. Kitagawa, T. Kuroki, K. Tajima
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, SUPPL. 1, S43-S47, 2005年, ［査読有り］
英語

Change in food intake frequency at five years after baseline in the JACC Study
S. Suzuki, M. Kawado, S. Hashimoto, S. Tokudome, T. Yoshimura, A. Tamakoshi, M. Mori, Y. Motohashi, I. Tsuji, Y. Nakamura, H. Iso, H. Mikami, Y. Inaba, Y. Hoshiyama, H. Suzuki, H. Shimizu, H. Toyoshima, K. Wakai, Y. Ito, S. Hashimoto, S. Kikuchi, A. Koizumi, T. Kawamura, Y. Watanabe, T. Miki, C. Date, K. Sakata, T. Nose, N. Hayakawa, A. Shibata, N. Okamoto, H. Shio, Y. Ohno, T. Kitagawa, T. Kuroki, K. Tajima
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, SUPPL. 1, S48-S55, 2005年, ［査読有り］
英語

Smoking, alcohol drinking and esophageal cancer: findings from the JACC Study.
Sakata K, Hoshiyama Y, Morioka S, Hashimoto T, Takeshita T, Tamakoshi A
J Epidemiol, 15, Suppl 2, S212-S219, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Lymphotoxin-alpha polymorphism and the risk of cervical cancer in Japanese subjects.
Niwa Y, Hirose K, Matsuo K, Tajima K, Ikoma Y, Nakanishi T, Nawa A, Kuzuya K, Tamakoshi A, Hamajima N
Cancer letters, 218, 1, 63, 68, 1, 2005年01月, ［査読有り］

Association between Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T polymorphism observed in outpatients and health checkup examinees.
Goto Y, Hamajima N, Honda H, Matsuo K, Yamamoto K, Tamakoshi A, Ando T, Goto H
Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association, 8, 1, 12, 17, 1, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Lack of an association between serum level of transforming growth factor beta -1 and stomach cancer risk in the JACC study　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi A, Tamakoshi K, Hoshiyama Y, Fujino Y, Tokui N, Mizoue T, Kikuchi S, Sakata K, Hayakawa N, Kondo T, Toyoshima H, Yoshimura T
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev., 6, 2, 170, 176, 2005年

Green tea and stomach cancer--a short review of prospective studies
Hoshiyama Y, Kawaguchi T, Miura Y, Mizoue T, Tokui N, Yatsuya H, Sakata K, Kondo T, Kikuchi S, Toyoshima H, Hayakawa N, Tamakoshi A, Yoshimura T
J Epidemiol., 109, 112, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor I, II, and binding protein 3, transforming growth factor beta-1, soluble fas ligand and superoxide dismutase activity in stomach cancer cases and their controls in the JACC Study
Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi K, Tamakoshi A, Kondo T, Hayakawa N, Sakata K, Kikuchi S, Hoshiyama Y, Fujino Y, Mizoue T, Tokui N, Yoshimura T
J Epidemiol., 15, 5, 197, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Dietary habits and stomach cancer risk in the JACC Study
Tokui N, Yoshimura T, Fujino Y, Mizoue T, Hoshiyama Y, Yatsuya H, Sakata K, Kondo T, Kikuchi S, Toyoshima H, Hayakawa N, Kubo T, Tamakoshi A
J Epidemiol., S98-108, 2005年, ［査読有り］

The relationships between interest for and participation in health screening and risk of mortality: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Ikeda A, Iso H, Toyoshima H, Fujino Y, Mizoue T, Yoshimura T, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A
Prev Med., 41, 3-4, 767, 771, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Serum carotenoids and other antioxidative substances associated with urothelial cancer risk in a nested case-control study in Japanese men
Ozasa K, Ito Y, Suzuki K, Watanabe Y, Hayashi K, Mikami K, Nakao M, Miki T, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Washio M, Kubo T, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A
Journal of Urology, 173, 5, 1502, 1506, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Mortality and incidence rates of stomach cancer in the JACC study
Minh P.T, Fujino Y, Yoshimura T, Tokui N, Mizoue T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sakata K, Kikuchi S, Hoshiyama Y, Kubo T, Tamakoshi A, Mori M, Motohashi Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Iso H, Mikami H, Inaba Y, Hoshiyama Y, Suzuki H, Shimizu H, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Ito Y, Hashimoto S, Kikuchi S, Koizumi A, Kawamura T, Watanabe Y, Miki T, Date C, Sakata K, Nose T, Hayakawa N, Yoshimura T, Shibata A, Okamoto N, Shio H, Ohno Y, Kitagawa T, Kuroki T, Tajima K
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, SUPPL. 2, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Cigarette smoking and mortality due to stomach cancer: Findings from the JACC study
Fujino Y, Mizoue T, Tokui N, Kikuchi S, Hoshiyama Y, Toyoshima H, Yatsuya H, Sakata K, Tamakoshi A, Ide R, Kubo T, Yoshimura T, Mori M, Motohashi Y, Tsuji I, Nakamura Y, Iso H, Mikami H, Inaba Y, Hoshiyama Y, Suzuki H, Shimizu H, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Ito Y, Hashimoto S, Koizumi A, Kawamura T, Watanabe Y, Miki T, Date C, Nose T, Hayakawa N, Shibata A, Okamoto N, Shio H, Ohno Y, Kitagawa T, Kuroki T, Tajima K
Journal of Epidemiology, 15, SUPPL. 2, 2005年, ［査読有り］

A prospective cohort study of employment status and mortality from circulatory disorders among Japanese workers
Fujino Y, Iso H, Tamakoshi A, Inaba Y, Koizumi A, Kubo T, Yoshimura T
Journal of Occupational Health, 47, 6, 510, 517, 2005年, ［査読有り］

A nationwide cohort study of educational background and major causes of death among the elderly population in Japan
Fujino Y, Tamakoshi A, Iso H, Inaba Y, Kubo T, Ide R, Ikeda A, Yoshimura T
Preventive Medicine, 40, 4, 444, 451, 2005年, ［査読有り］

Prevention of upper respiratory tract infections by gargling: a randomized trial.
Satomura K, Kitamura T, Kawamura T, Shimbo T, Watanabe M, Kamei M, Takano Y, Tamakoshi A, Great Cold Investigators-I
American journal of preventive medicine, 29, 4, 302, 307, 2005年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Possible interactions of the endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase genotype with alcohol drinking and walking time for high serum uric acid levels among Japanese.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Nishio K, Suzuki K, Ito Y, Naito M, Yamamoto K, Tamakoshi A, Hamajima N
Metabolism., 54, 1302, 1308, 2005年, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Young Investigator Award winner's special article - Informed consent in epidemiologic research before the implementation of ethical guidelines
A Tamakoshi
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 14, 6, 177, 181, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2004年11月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, On June 17, 2002, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, together with the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, introduced the Ethical Guidelines for Epidemiological Research. Although studies begun before the adoption of the Guidelines are not necessarily required to conform to them, some studies have been reviewed anew by ethics review committees. In this article for the Young Investigator Award of the Japan Epidemiological Association, therefore, the author would like to offer an overview of informed consent in epidemiologic researches conducted before the introduction of the Guidelines. It is hoped that this may serve as a reference as to the contents and status of ethical considerations in these studies, for use in examinations of research that was already in progress when the Guidelines were introduced.

Serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels and risk of colorectal cancer: a case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Suzuki K, Ito Y, Wakai K, Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Toyoshima H, Kojima M, Tokudome S, Hayakawa N, Watanabe Y, Tamakoshi K, Suzuki S, Ozasa K, Tamakoshi A, Japan Collaborative Cohort, Study Group
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 13, 11 Pt 1, 1781, 1787, 2004年11月, ［査読有り］

Association of white blood cell count and clustered components of metabolic syndrome in Japanese men
N Nagasawa, K Tamakoshi, H Yatsuya, Y Hori, M Ishikawa, C Murata, HM Zhang, K Wada, R Otsuka, T Mabuchi, T Kondo, H Toyoshima
CIRCULATION JOURNAL, 68, 10, 892, 897, JAPANESE CIRCULATION SOC, 2004年10月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background The role of inflammation in the genesis of cardiovascular disease has attracted attention and in the present study the association among metabolic syndrome (MS), white blood cell (WBC) count, and insulin concentration was investigated.
Methods and Results A cross-sectional study of 3,594 Japanese men aged 34-69 years evaluated the MS components (high blood pressure, hypo-high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia), as defined by the criteria given in the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults, except for obesity [body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to25 kg/m(2)]. WBC count had a positive correlation with BMI, blood pressure, triglyceride, glucose and insulin, and a negative correlation with HDL-cholesterol. The multi-adjusted means of WBC count and insulin concentration were significantly higher in MS subjects defined as having 3 or more of the components than in non-MS subjects with no more than 2 components. Both means also increased with the number of MS components (p<0.001 for trend). In the multiple linear regression analysis, BMI, HDL-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, glucose and triglyceride had a significant and independent association with WBC count, but the insulin concentration did not.
Conclusions The cluster of MS components based on insulin resistance may cause low-grade inflammation.

わが国の出生コホート別喫煙割合の推移　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
丸亀 知美, 加茂 憲一, 祖父江 友孝, 秋葉 澄伯, 水野 正一, 玉腰 暁子, 佐藤 洋, 鈴木 隆一郎, 田島 和雄, 津金 昌一郎
日本癌学会総会記事, 63回, 542, 542, (一社)日本癌学会, 2004年09月
日本語

Dietary habits and risk of urothelial cancer death in a large-scale cohort study (JACC Study) in Japan
Sakauchi F, Mori M, Washio M, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Hayashi K, Miki T, Nakao M, Mikami K, Ito Y, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A
Nutr Cancer, 50, 1, 33-39, 2004年09月, ［査読有り］
英語

Creating a brochure to promote understanding of epidemiologic research.
Naito M, Nakayama T, Ojima T, Kobashi G, Muto K, Washio M, Ishikawa S, Maruyama E, Sakai M, Sato K, Sugimori H, Suzuki M, Takahashi F, Yamagata Z, Tamakoshi A
Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 14, 174, 176, 5, 2004年09月, ［査読有り］

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and survival: an epidemiological analysis of emergency service reports in a large city in Japan
Kida M, Kawamura T, Fukuoka T, Tamakoshi A, Wakai K, Ohno Y, Toyama J
Circ J, 68, 7, 603-609, 2004年07月, ［査読有り］
英語

A prospective study of reproductive and menstrual factors and colon cancer risk in Japanese women: findings from the JACC study.
Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Kojima M, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Toyoshima H, Yatsuya H, Kondo T, Tokudome S, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Kawado M, Ozasa K, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Cancer science, 95, 7, 602, 607, 2004年07月, ［査読有り］

Association between smoking habits and tryptophan hydroxylase gene C218A polymorphism among the Japanese population
S Mizuno, H Ito, N Hamajima, A Tamakoshi, K Hirose, K Tajima
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 14, 3, 94, 99, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2004年05月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Genetic polymorphisms have proposed a new insight in smoking behavior. Genes in serotonin system are one of the candidates because of serotonin's role in mood regulation. A polymorphism C218A in intron 7 of the tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) gene has been hypothesized in relation to smoking predisposition.
METHODS: We examined the association on two Japanese populations: one was from the first-visit outpatients of Aichi Cancer Center Hospital during 3-month period between April and June, 2001 (N=591), and the second was from the examinees who attended a health checkup program supported by the Nagoya municipal government in 2000 (N=446). Written documents on informed consent were obtained and lifestyle questionnaires were recorded. TPH C218A genotypes were determined by the polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers (PCR-CTPP) method.
RESULTS: The frequencies of the C- and A-allele were 52% and 48%, respectively, which was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. As for current smoking status, no associations were statistically observed. It was, however, indicated that smokers with A/A genotype started smoking earlier in their life. Among male health examinees, mean ages at starting smoking were 18.7 (A/A), 19.9 (C/A), and 22.4 years (C/C), (P<0.01). Also, on the Aichi Cancer Center Hospital subjects aged 60 and older, mean ages were 19.0 (A/A), 20.2 (C/A), and 20.3 years (C/C) for males and 22.3 (A/A), 31.0 (C/A), and 33.0 years (C/C) for females (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that the TPH C218A polymorphism in intron 7 had no association with current smoking status in Japanese population. The hypothesis of early smoking initiation of A/A genotype was partially in agreement.

A prospective study of body size and colon cancer mortality in Japan: The JACC study　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
TAMAKOSHI Koji, WAKAI Kenji, KOJIMA Masayo, WATANABE Yoshiyuki, HAYAKAWA Norihiko, TOYOSHIMA Hideaki, YATSUYA Hiroshi, KONDO Takaaki, TOKUDOME Shinkan, HASHIMOTO Shuji, SUZUKI Koji, ITO Yoshinori, TAMAKOSHI Akiko
International Journal of Obesity, 28, 4, 551-558, 2004年04月, ［査読有り］
英語, 文部科学省がんコホート研究のデータを用いて約10万人を追跡調査し，肥満と体重増加が大腸がんの発症と有意に関連することを明らかにした。

A prospective study on the possible association between having children and colon cancer risk: findings from the JACC Study.
Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Kojima M, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Toyoshima H, Yatsuya H, Kondo T, Tokudome S, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Cancer science, 95, 3, 243, 247, 2004年03月, ［査読有り］

Self-reported sleep duration as a predictor of all-cause mortality: Results from the JACC Study, Japan
A Tamakoshi, Y Ohno
SLEEP, 27, 1, 51, 54, AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE, 2004年02月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background: Epidemiologic studies have shown that habitual sleeping patterns are associated with all-cause mortality risk. However, sleep duration may be affected by physical, mental, or social conditions, and its impact on health may differ depending on the time or place.
Objectives: To examine the effects of sleep duration on all-cause mortality after adjusting for several covariates, mental condition in particular.
Methods: A total of 104,010 subjects (43,852 men and 60,158 women), aged 40 to 79 years, who enrolled in the JACC Study (Japan Collaborative Cohort Study on Evaluation of Cancer Risk Sponsored by Monbusho) from 1988 to 1990 and were followed for an average of 9.9 years. Average sleep duration on weekdays and covariates, including perceived mental stress and depressive symptoms, were used in the analyses. Relative risks were calculated by Cox's proportional hazard model separately by sex.
Results: Men tended to sleep longer than women, and the elderly slept longer than younger subjects. Mean sleep duration was 7.5 hours for men and 7.1 hours for women; mode durations were 8 hours (range, 7.5-8.4 hours) and 7 hours (6.5-7.4), respectively. Sleep duration of shorter or longer than 7 hours was associated with a significantly elevated risk of all-cause mortality. However, the significant association with short sleep disappears when adjusted for some covariates among men.
Conclusions: Sleep duration at night of 7 hours was found to show the lowest mortality risk.

Serum phospholipid transfer protein mass as a possible protective factor for coronary heart diseases
H Yatsuya, K Tamakoshi, H Hattori, R Otsuka, K Wada, HM Zhang, T Mabuchi, M Ishikawa, C Murata, T Yoshida, T Kondo, H Toyoshima
CIRCULATION JOURNAL, 68, 1, 11, 16, BLACKWELL PUBLISHING ASIA, 2004年01月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Background Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) can generate pre-beta high-density lipoprotein (HDL), an efficient acceptor of peripheral cholesterol, by mediating a process called HDL conversion. The transfer of phospholipids to immature HDL is also essential in maintaining reverse cholesterol transport. The phospholipid transfer activity of PLTP has been associated with various patho-physiological conditions; however, little information is available concerning the relationship between PLTP mass and disease.
Methods and Results Using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, PLTP concentration was measured and related to the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in a worksite-based cohort of Japanese men (n=2,567). Multiple linear regression analysis showed significant associations between PLTP and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and body mass index (standardized beta=0.395, -0.191, -0.064, and -0.064, respectively; R-2=0.31). During the follow-up period, there were 10 cases of coronary heart disease (CHD) and 7 of stroke. The multivariate adjusted relative risk of CHD was 0.46 (95% confidence interval, 0.20-1.07) for an increase of 1 standard deviation in the PLTP value (p=0.071). PLTP concentration was not related to the risk of stroke.
Conclusions The results of this prospective study indicate that the serum PLTP concentration would serve as a predictor of CHD, independent of HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and other established risk factors.

Genotype announcement in a genetic polymorphism study for health checkup examinees at Nagoya University Hospital　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Nishio K, Tanaka D, Atsuta Y, Yamamoto K, Tamakoshi A, Nakamura S, Sekido Y, Niwa T, Hamajima N
Nagoya J Med Sci, 67, 45-49, 2004年, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

Bowel movement frequency and risk of colorectal cancer in a large cohort study of Japanese men and women
Kojima M, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A
Br J Cancer, 90, 7, 1397, 1401, 2004年, ［査読有り］

Precise definition of anonymization in genetic polymorphism studies.
Hamajima N, Atsuta Y, Niwa Y, Nishio K, Tanaka D, Yamamoto K, Tamakoshi A
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 5, 1, 83, 88, 2004年01月, ［査読有り］

Serum phytoestrogens and prostate cancer risk in a nested case-control study among Japanese men
Ozasa K, Nakao M, Watanabe Y, Hayashi K, Miki T, Mikami K, Mori M, Sakauchi F, Washio M, Ito Y, Suzuki K, Wakai K, Akiko Tamakoshi, for the JACC, Study Group
Cancer Science, 95, 1, 65, 71, 2004年01月, ［査読有り］

Serum insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, and the risk of pancreatic cancer death.
Lin Y, Tamakoshi A, Kikuchi S, Yagyu K, Obata Y, Ishibashi T, Kawamura T, Inaba Y, Kurosawa M, Motohashi Y, Ohno Y, for the JACC, Study Group
Int J Cancer, 110, 584, 588, 2004年, ［査読有り］

Bowel movement frequency, medical history and the risk of gallbladder cancer death: a cohort study in Japan.
Yagyu K, Lin Y, Obata Y, Kikuchi S, Ishibashi T, Kurosawa M, Inaba Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Cancer Sci, 95, 8, 674, 678, 2004年, ［査読有り］

Prospective study of transfusion history and thyroid cancer incidence among females in Japan
Fujino Y, Tamakoshi A, Hoshiyama Y, Mikami H, Okamoto N, Ohno Y, Yoshimura T
International Journal of Cancer, 112, 4, 722, 725, 2004年, ［査読有り］

Diet and colorectal cancer mortality: results from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
Kojima M, Wakai K, Tamakoshi K, Tokudome S, Toyoshima H, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A, Japan Collaborative Cohort, Study Group
Nutrition and cancer, 50, 1, 23, 32, 2004年, ［査読有り］

A nested case-control study of stomach cancer in relation to green tea consumption in Japan
Hoshiyama Y, Kawaguchi T, Miura Y, Mizoue T, Tokui N, Yatsuya H, Sakata K, Kondo T, Kikuchi S, Toyoshima H, Hayakawa N, Tamakoshi A, Ohno Y, Yoshimura T
Br J Cancer, 90, 1, 135, 138, 2004年, ［査読有り］

Individual and joint impact of family history and Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of stomach cancer: a nested case-control study
Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi K, Kondo T, Mizoue T, Tokui N, Hoshiyama Y, Sakata K, Hayakawa N, Yoshimura T
Br J Cancer, 91, 5, 929, 934, 2004年, ［査読有り］

Dietary habits and risk of death due to hepatocellular carcinoma in a large scale cohort study in Japan. Univariate analysis of JACC study data.
Kurozawa Y, Ogimoto I, Shibata A, Nose T, Yoshimura T, Suzuki H, Sakata R, Fujita Y, Ichikawa S, Iwai N, Fukuda K, Tamakoshi A
The Kurume medical journal, 51, 2, 141, 149, 2004年, ［査読有り］

Risk of death due to hepatocellular carcinoma among drinkers and ex-drinkers. Univariate analysis of JACC study data.
Ogimoto I, Shibata A, Kurozawa Y, Nose T, Yoshimura T, Suzuki H, Iwai N, Sakata R, Fujita Y, Ichikawa S, Fukuda K, Tamakoshi A, Japan Collaborative Cohort, Study Group
The Kurume medical journal, 51, 1, 59, 70, 2004年, ［査読有り］

Risk of death due to hepatocellular carcinoma among smokers and ex-smokers. Univariate analysis of JACC study data.
Ogimoto I, Shibata A, Kurozawa Y, Nose T, Yoshimura T, Suzuki H, Iwai N, Sakata R, Fujita Y, Ichikawa S, Fukuda K, Tamakoshi A, Japan Collaborative Cohort, Study Group
The Kurume medical journal, 51, 1, 71, 81, 2004年, ［査読有り］

Ocular involvements of Japanese patients with giant cell arteritis from the first nation-wide survey [2]
Shigeto Kobayashi, Tetsuro Yano, Yutaka Inaba, Hiroshi Hashimoto, Yoshifuji Matsumoto, Akiko Tamakoshi, Takashi Kawamura, Yoshiyuki Ohno
Arthritis Care and Research, 49, 6, 867, 868, 2003年12月15日
英語

調査報告「疫学研究におけるインフォームド・コンセントに関するガイドライン(ver.1.0)」に対する看護大学生の感想
鷲尾昌一, 武藤香織, 玉腰暁子
保健婦雑誌, 59, 12, 1166, 1170, 医学書院, 2003年12月10日
日本語

Ocular Involvements of Japanese patients with giant cell arteritis from the first nation-wide survey
Kobayashi S, Yano T, Inada Y, Hashimoto H, Matsumoto Y, Tamakoshi A, Kawamura T, Ohno Y
Arthritis Rheum, 49, 6, 867, 868, 2003年12月, ［査読有り］
英語

Smoking and colorectal cancer in a non-Western population: a prospective cohort study in Japan.
Wakai K, Hayakawa N, Kojima M, Tamakoshi K, Watanabe Y, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Tokudome S, Toyoshima H, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 13, 6, 323, 332, 日本疫学会, 2003年11月, ［査読有り］
英語, The risk of colorectal cancer in relation to smoking habits has been examined mostly in Caucasians, and evidence for other ethnic groups is still scarce. METHODS: Our data came from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. From 1988 through 1990, 25, 260 men and 34, 619 women aged 40-79 years completed a questionnaire on cigarette smoking and other lifestyle factors. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated by fitting proportional hazards models. RESULTS: During the mean follow-up of 7.6 years through December 1997, we documented 408 incident colon cancers and 204 rectal cancers. We found a non-significant increase in colon cancer risk in male current smokers compared with never smokers. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios were 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72-1.59) for ex-smokers and 1.23 (95% Cl: 0.85-1.78) for current smokers. We however failed to observe a clear dose-response relationship between smoking intensity or duration and colon cancer risk. The adjusted hazard ratio was 1.07 (95% Cl: 0.71-1.61) even for 40+ years of smoking. Almost no increase in colon cancer risk was detected for female smokers, and male smokers were not at an enhanced risk of rectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking was not a strong risk factor for colorectal cancer even after a long-term exposure, although a weak association remains open to discussion. J Epidemiol 2003;13:323-332.

Reproducibility and validity of a simple checklist-type questionnaire for food intake and dietary behavior
H Yatsuya, A Ohwaki, K Tamakoshi, K Wakai, K Koide, R Otsuka, T Mabuchi, C Murata, HM Zhang, M Ishikawa, T Kondo, H Toyoshima
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 13, 5, 235, 245, JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC, 2003年09月, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: A simple, reliable, and valid food questionnaire is needed in clinical dietary assessments, community health education, and multi-purpose epidemiologic studies to obtain a crude measure of dietary intake.
METHODS: To assess the validity and reproducibility of a simple 4-point scale food intake and behavior checklist, it was compared to two 3-day weighed dietary records. The FBC was administered to 47 students of a dietician course and their parents (n=94) over a 9-month interval to assess the reproducibility. The mean intakes of selected food groups assessed by the two dietary records completed between food intake and behavior checklists were compared to the responses to the food intake and behavior checklist to assess its validity.
RESULTS: The kappa statistics for reproducibility ranged from 0.25 for confectionaries to 0.63 for a preference for fatty foods (median, 0.39). There was a reasonable level of correlation between the dietary record and the food intake and behavior checklist in the intake of eggs, milk, and fruits (r=0.53, 0.56, and 0.50, respectively). There was a weaker but still significant correlation in the intake of vegetables, and alcohol (r=0.31 and 0.45, respectively). No significant correlation was observed in the intake of meat, fish, confectionaries, and soft drinks. However, those who reported consuming mainly fish rather than meat were found to eat significantly less meat and animal fat. Similarly, those who did not prefer fatty foods consumed significantly less meat, animal fat, and polyunsaturated fatty acids.
CONCLUSIONS: This simple food checklist was useful in collecting data on egg, milk, and fruit consumption. Assessing intake frequency of vegetables, meat or fish with the FBC may be useful in screening high- or low-intake individuals.

Duplex polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers (PCR-CTPP) for genotyping alcohol dehydrogenase B subunit (ADH2) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2)
Tamakoshi A, Hamajima N, Kawase H, Wakai K, Katsuda N, Saito T, Ito H, Hirose K, Takezaki T, Tajima K
Alc, 38, 5, 407-410, 2003年09月, ［査読有り］
英語

Clinical and epidemiologic analysis of giant cell (temporal) arteritis from a nationwide survey in 1998 in Japan: the first government-supported nationwide survey.
Kobayashi S, Yano T, Matsumoto Y, Numano F, Nakajima N, Yasuda K, Yutani C, Nakayama T, Tamakoshi A, Kawamura T, Ohno Y, Inaba Y, Hashimoto H
Arthritis and rheumatism, 49, 4, 594, 598, 2003年08月, ［査読有り］
英語

Relationship between obesity and serum markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in Japanese.
Suzuki K, Ito Y, Ochiai J, Kusuhara Y, Hashimoto S, Tokudome S, Kojima M, Wakai K, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi K, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Maruta M, Watanabe M, Kato K, Ohta Y, Tamakoshi A, JACC Study Group
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 4, 3, 259, 266, 2003年07月, ［査読有り］

Attributable and absolute risk of lung cancer death by smoking status: findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study
Ando M, Wakai K, Seki N, Tamakoshi A, Suzuki K, Ito Y, Nishino Y, Kondo T, Watanabe Y, Ozasa K, Ohno Y for, the JACC, Study Group
Int J Cancer, 105, 2, 249-254, 2003年06月10日, ［査読有り］
英語