Evaluation of age estimetion uging alveolar bone images　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Fujimoto H., Kimura-Kataoka K., Takeuchi A., Yoshimiya M., Kawakami R.
Forensic Sci int., 27, 364, 112237, 2024年09月, ［査読有り］

Postmortem contrast-enhanced computed tomography via direct large-vessel puncture
Shogo Shimbashi, Akiko Takeuchi, Motoo Yoshimiya, Shigeki Jin, Kotaro Matoba, Hideki Hyodoh
Legal Medicine, 69, 102448, 102448, Elsevier BV, 2024年07月, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）

Factors that hinder critical thinking and their resolution: Is active learning the key?
Akiko Takeuchi, Shigeki Jin, Manabu Murakami, Kotaro Matoba
Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 40, 6, 1313, 1314, 2024年07月, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

The importance of early clinical exposure and interprofessional collaboration: Commonalities between Taiwan and Japan in the field of community medicine.
Manabu Murakami, Akiko Takeuchi, Shigeki Jin, Kotaro Matoba
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA, 86, 11, 1037, 1038, 2023年11月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語

Can the "Five Challenges" Overcome the Problem of "Reform Without Change" in Medical Education? Reexamining the "Hidden Curriculum".
Manabu Murakami, Akiko Takeuchi, Shigeki Jin, Kotaro Matoba
Acta medica portuguesa, 36, 9, 613, 614, 2023年09月01日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語

Objective Evaluation of Oral and Pharyngeal Areas in Autopsy Cases of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome via Postmortem CT.
Akiko Takeuchi, Hideki Hyodoh, Shigeki Jin, Satoshi Tanaka, Manabu Murakami, Kazuyuki Minowa, Kotaro Matoba
Current medical imaging, 2023年03月28日, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) can cause sudden death during sleep. Previous findings have suggested that OSAS development is related to maxillofacial morphology. Evaluation of facial morphology can determine the risk of developing the disease, and establishing an objective method to assess the underlying etiology of OSAS-related death would be advantageous. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine the key features of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using postmortem oral and pharyngeal computed tomography (CT). METHODS: We retrospectively assessed autopsy cases of patients with (n=25) and without (n=25) OSAS-related death. We used oral and pharyngeal CT images to compare the oral and pharyngeal cavity volume (OPCV), oral and pharyngeal soft tissue volume (OPSV), oral and pharyngeal air space volume (OPAV), and OPAV to OPCV ratio (%air). Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used to determine the accuracy of OSAS prediction. We assessed participants with body mass index (BMI) values within the normal range. RESULTS: Among the 50 subjects, we observed significant between-group differences in OPSV, OPAV, and % air, whereas there were significant between-group differences in OPSV and %air among 28 subjects with normal BMI values. Both comparisons suggested that OSAS-related death was associated with low %air and high OPSV values. CONCLUSION: The %air and OPSV are useful for assessing postmortem oropharyngeal CT images. OSAS-related sudden death is likely when %air and OPSV values are ≤20.1% and ≥127.2 ml, respectively. Among those with normal BMI values, % air and OPSV values of ≤22.8% and ≥111.5 ml, respectively, predict OSAS-related sudden death.

Non-Gaussian model-based diffusion-weighted imaging of oral squamous cell carcinoma: associations with Ki-67 proliferation status.
Tomoka Shima, Noriyuki Fujima, Shigeru Yamano, Hiroyuki Kameda, Masaaki Suzuka, Akiko Takeuchi, Yurika Kinoshita, Nanami Iwai, Kohsuke Kudo, Kazuyuki Minowa
Oral radiology, 39, 4, 661, 667, 2023年03月27日, ［査読有り］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVES: To investigate possible associations between diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) parameters derived from a non-Gaussian model fitting and Ki-67 status in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS: Twenty-four patients with newly diagnosed OSCC were prospectively recruited. DWI was performed using six b-values (0-2500). The diffusion-related parameters of kurtosis value (K), kurtosis-corrected diffusion coefficient (DK), diffusion heterogeneity (α), distributed diffusion coefficient (DDC), slow diffusion coefficient (Dslow), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were calculated from four diffusion fitting models. Ki-67 status was categorized as low (Ki-67 percentage score < 20%), middle (20-50%), or high (> 50%). Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed between each non-Gaussian diffusion model parameters and Ki-67 grade. RESULTS: The Kruskal-Wallis tests revealed that multiple parameters (K, ADC, Dk, DDC and Dslow) showed statistically significant differences between the three levels of Ki-67 status (K: p = 0.020, ADC: p = 0.012, Dk: p = 0.027, DDC: p = 0.007 and Dslow: p = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Several non-Gaussian diffusion model parameters and ADC values were significantly associated with Ki-67 status and have potential as promising prognostic biomarkers in patients with OSCC.

Objective evaluation of chest findings in infants by postmortem computed tomography.
Shogo Shimbashi, Rina Hayata, Kotaro Matoba, Atsuko Saito, Tomoko Matoba, Akiko Takeuchi, Shigeki Jin, Hideki Hyodoh
Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 60, 102178, 102178, 2023年02月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review the findings of computed tomography (CT) performed early postmortem on infants and to clarify the postmortem CT lung findings that occur in the absence of abnormal histopathological findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From July 2016 to March 2022, 72 infants were autopsied with postmortem CT (41 boys 31 girls, aged 0-36 (mean 8.2) months). Autopsy and postmortem CT lung findings were compared with the causes of death identified by the autopsies, namely sudden infant death syndrome (n = 37), acute circulatory system disease (18), drowning (7), asphyxia (5), and dehydration/undernutrition (5). RESULTS: The %aerated lung volume (-700 HU or less) ranged from 0 % to 33 % (mean 1.5 %, median 0 %), being <1 % in 61 cases (84.7 %) and >3 % in 3/5 (60 %) of the dehydration/undernutrition group. The dehydration/undernutrition group showed significant preservation of lung field air content compared with the other causes of death groups (p < 0.05). Receiver characteristic curve analysis showed a cut off value of 0.8 % and area under the curve of 0.88806. The drowning group had significantly greater pleural cavity fluid retention than the other causes of death groups (p < 0.05). No correlation was found between postmortem interval and pleural cavity fluid retention. However, resuscitation time and pleural cavity fluid retention were correlated. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of CT values on postmortem lung fields of infants usually reveals a marked decrease in air content. When air content exceeds 0.8% on infant postmortem CT, dehydration/undernutrition should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

How Undergraduates Perceive Stress Factors: An exploratory study.
Manabu Murakami, Akiko Takeuchi, Shigeki Jin, Kotaro Matoba
Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 39, 4, 1219, 1220, 2023年, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）

直腸穿孔の原因特定に死後CT検査が有用であった一剖検例　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
的場 光太郎, 神 繁樹, 齋藤 厚子, 的場 智子, 竹内 明子, 赤川 有希, 早田 璃菜, 真橋 尚吾, 兵頭 秀樹
法医学の実際と研究, 65, 119, 123, 法医学談話会, 2022年11月
日本語

直腸穿孔の原因特定に死後CT検査が有用であった一剖検例　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
的場 光太郎, 神 繁樹, 齋藤 厚子, 的場 智子, 竹内 明子, 赤川 有希, 早田 璃菜, 真橋 尚吾, 兵頭 秀樹
法医学の実際と研究, 65, 119, 123, 法医学談話会, 2022年11月, ［査読有り］
日本語

Gluing blood into gel by electrostatic interaction using a water-soluble polymer as an embolic agent
Zhiping Jin, Hailong Fan, Toshiya Osanai, Takayuki Nonoyama, Takayuki Kurokawa, Hideki Hyodoh, Kotaro Matoba, Akiko Takeuchi, Jian Ping Gong, Miki Fujimura
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119, 42, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022年10月18日, ［査読有り］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Liquid embolic agents are widely used for the endovascular embolization of vascular conditions. However, embolization based on phase transition is limited by the adhesion of the microcatheter to the embolic agent, use of an organic solvent, unintentional catheter retention, and other complications. By mimicking thrombus formation, a water-soluble polymer that rapidly glues blood into a gel without triggering coagulation was developed. The polymer, which consists of cationic and aromatic residues with adjacent sequences, shows electrostatic adhesion with negatively charged blood substances in a physiological environment, while common polycations cannot. Aqueous polymer solutions are injectable through clinical microcatheters and needles. The formed blood gel neither adhered to the catheter nor blocked the port. Postoperative computed tomography imaging showed that the polymer can block the rat femoral artery in vivo and remain at the injection site without nontarget embolization. This study provides an alternative for the development of waterborne embolic agents.

Nonverbal communication skills: New-era education needs of younger generation medical students
Manabu Murakami, Shigeki Jin, Akiko Takeuchi, Kotaro Matoba
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 38, 6, Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2022年06月27日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.6058
How to cite this:Murakami M, Jin S, Takeuchi A, Matoba K. Nonverbal communication skills: New-era education needs of younger generation medical students. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.6058
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Objective skull fracture evaluation by using the postmortem 3D-CT skull fracture score in fatal falls
Hideki Hyodoh, Akiko Takeuchi, Kotaro Matoba, Manabu Murakami, Tomoko Matoba, Atsuko Saito, Shigeki Jin
Legal Medicine, 56, 102048, 102048, Elsevier BV, 2022年05月, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, PURPOSE: We evaluated the usefulness of skull fracture analysis using three-dimensional computed tomography skull fracture scores (3DCT-SFs) in cases of fatal falls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From April 2016 to September 2020, 46 cases of fatal falls from great heights (33 males, 13 females; mean age: 52.7 (range: 18-89) years) were examined using routine postmortem CT. The 3DCT-SFs were determined as the sum of the fracture line lengths measured on a volume rendering image. Skull fracture severity was classified into four stages according to the 3DCT-SFs. These stages were compared by macroscopic evaluation of skull fracture severity (injury level 0: no fracture; injury level I: fracture without deviation; injury level II: fracture with deviation; injury level III: comminuted open skull fracture). The relationship between 3DCT-SFs values, the fall distance, and the hardness of the landing surface was also examined. RESULTS: Skull fractures occurred in 26 cases (56.5%). The mean 3DCT-SFs of the cases that were classified as stages I, Ⅱ, and III were 86.6 (5.0-187.0), 832.0 (235.1-1865.8), and 3582.5 (2171.6-4787.6), respectively. Upon macroscopic evaluation of fracture severity, there were 8, 10, and 8 cases of injury levels I, II, and III, respectively. The 3DCT-SFs-based stages correlated significantly with the macroscopic skull fracture severity levels (R2 = 0.936). Solid-surface fall points resulted in significantly higher 3DCT-SFs than soft surfaces. Comminuted open fracture of the skull (stage III) occurred with fall distances ≥ 24 m. CONCLUSION: The 3DCT-SFs correlate well with macroscopic findings and are useful as an objective skull fracture index.

The usefulness of measuring n-butyric acid concentration as a new indicator of blood decomposition in forensic autopsy.
Kotaro Matoba, Manabu Murakami, Emi Fujita, Shigeki Jin, Ryosuke Ogasawara, Tomoko Matoba, Akiko Takeuchi, Sanae Haga, Michitaka Ozaki, Hideki Hyodoh
Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 57, 102071, 102071, 2022年04月15日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, In forensic medicine, although various alcohols have been reported as indicators of decomposition in collected blood, no studies have examined short-chain fatty acids as indicators. In this study, the blood n-butyric acid concentration was quantified, and the association between n-butyric acid and decomposition was investigated to determine whether the detection of n-butyric acid could be a new indicator of decomposition. Among the forensic autopsies performed from 2016 to 2018 in our laboratory, the cases were divided into decomposed (n = 20) and non-decomposed (n = 20) groups based on macroscopic findings. Blood samples collected at the time of autopsy were derivatized with 3-nitrophenylhydrazine hydrochloride after solid-phase extraction. The n-butyric acid concentration was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, ethanol and n-propanol were measured using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. There was a significant difference (p < 0.01) in the concentrations of n-butyric acid between the decomposed and non-decomposed groups (0.343 ± 0.259 [0.030-0.973] and 0.003 ± 0.002 [0.001-0.007] mg/mL, respectively). In the decomposed group, n-butyric acid was detected at high concentrations, even in cases where n-propanol was low. These results suggest that n-butyric acid is more likely to be an indicator of blood decomposition than n-propanol.

Skills Required of Geriatricians: Why Medical Students Do Not Select Geriatrics as Their Career
Manabu Murakami, Shigeki Jin, Akiko Takeuchi, Kotaro Matoba
Acta Médica Portuguesa, 35, 3, 231, 231, Ordem dos Medicos, 2022年03月02日, ［査読有り］
研究論文（学術雑誌）, N/a.

Evaluation of oral air space volume in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome using clinical and postmortem CT imaging.
Akiko Takeuchi, Hideki Hyodoh, Kotaro Matoba, Manabu Murakami, Kohsuke Kudo, Kazuyuki Minowa
Oral radiology, 38, 1, 29, 36, 2021年03月20日, ［査読有り］, ［筆頭著者］, ［国内誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, OBJECTIVES: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) induces upper airway occlusion and may cause sudden death during sleep. This study sought to clarify the relationship between oral air space volume and OSAS onset, which is influenced by multiple factors, such as jawbone, dentition morphology, and oral soft-tissue volume. METHODS: (1) 50 subjects from deceased cases were divided into two groups: OSAS (25 subjects) and controls (25 subjects). (2) 28 subjects from clinical cases were divided into two groups: OSAS (9 subjects) and controls (19 subjects). In all cases, the Computed Tomography (CT) images of the facial region were obtained, and four parameters of oral area volume were analyzed in deceased and clinical cases, and comparisons and analyses were performed between OSAS and control cases. In addition, the efficiency of measurement of these parameters was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves in OSAS. RESULTS: (1) In deceased cases, oral soft-tissue volume (OSV), oral air-space volume (OAV), and the ratio of OAV to OSV (%air) showed a significant correlation. (2) In clinical cases, OAV and %air showed a significant correlation. In both postmortem and clinical images, a small %air value indicates a high risk of developing OSAS and a high probability of OSAS-related sudden death. CONCLUSIONS: It was shown that the %air is an index to evaluate OSAS by CT imaging of the oral region. OSAS may be indicated when the %air value is ≦ 16.0% in deceased cases and ≦ 6.6% in clinical cases.

3-クロロチロシンの検出によって塩素ガス中毒死を診断した一剖検例　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
的場光太郎, 神繁樹, 齋藤厚子, 的場智子, 竹内明子, 赤川有希, 早田璃菜, 兵頭秀樹
法医学研究の実際, 64, 25, 29, 2021年

Sample preparation method with ultrafiltration for whole blood thiosulfate measurement.
Shigeki Jin, Manabu Murakami, Kotaro Matoba, Tomoko Matoba, Sanae Haga, Michitaka Ozaki, Akiko Takeuchi, Hideki Hyodoh
Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 47, 101765, 101765, 2020年07月23日, ［査読有り］, ［国際誌］
英語, 研究論文（学術雑誌）, Quantitative analysis of thiosulfate is useful for diagnosing hydrogen sulfide poisoning. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) enables more rapid and sensitive measurements than previous methodologies. As simple measurements of blood thiosulfate concentration are affected by the blood matrix, blood is used as the solvent to prepare the standard solution for calibration curve generation. Thus, a large amount of blood devoid of thiosulfate is required. We developed a preparation method by incorporating an ultrafiltration step to overcome this limitation and generate a calibration curve using a standard solution prepared with pure water. We used this improved method to investigate the stability of thiosulfate in refrigerated samples. To compare the effects of refrigeration, blood samples were prepared using the following two methods: one sample was treated with a 50-kDa exclusion ultrafiltration membrane and the other was not treated. The samples were stored at 4 °C, and then measured at 0, 3, 6, 24, 48, and 96 h. The incorporation of the ultrafiltration step in the measurement procedure enabled the quantification of thiosulfate, by plotting a calibration curve using a standard of pure water; it did not require a blood standard. Additionally, the reduction in whole blood thiosulfate concentration was within 10% during 2 days of refrigeration. Thus, the need for a large amount of blood to prepare the standard solution was resolved by the ultrafiltration step in test sample preparation. This method is useful to measure thiosulfate concentration and is not hindered by sample refrigeration for a few days.

クロバエ科の蛆が薬物検査に有用であった一剖検例　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
的場光太郎, 奥谷菜穂子, 神繁樹, 齋藤厚子, 的場智子, 竹内明子, 兵頭秀樹
法医学研究の実際, 63, 103, 106, 2020年

死因究明等に関する教育及び研究拠点での法歯学（歯科法医学）分野の現状　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
岡広子, 竹内明子, 鈴木敏彦, 葛城利恵香, 斉藤久子, 櫻田宏一, 山下裕美
日本法歯科医学会雑誌, 13, 1, 8, 13, 日本法歯科医学会, 2020年, ［査読有り］
日本語, 日本国内で法歯学分野を含めた死因究明等に関する教育および研究拠点を目指した取組における法歯学分野の現状について、各拠点の法歯学担当者より情報を収集した。歯学部を有する大学が主体となっている事業および事業名から法歯学に関連する部門を有すると推察される事業を実施している8大学を対象とした。法歯学の担当者は共通して「法医解剖での歯科・所見採取および記録作成」や「鑑定業務」に従事していた。また、「法医解剖での補助・書記」、「児童相談所事例の歯科所見採取・記録作成」等の児童虐待に関連した事例への対応、白骨死体等の鑑定での執刀担当、ラセミ検査等も実務として挙げられた。教育業務については、歯学部を有する大学では歯学部の授業担当が共通して挙がり、医学部を有する大学においては医学部の授業を担当しているところもあった。現状の課題としては、適当な人材や業務費用の不足などが挙げられた。

溺死事例の死戦期に起きた食物誤嚥が解剖所見や検査結果に与える影響に関する検討　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
的場光太郎, 兵頭秀樹, 齋藤厚子, 奥谷菜穂子, 竹内明子, 邵旻蓉, 神繁樹
法医学研究の実際, 62, 15, 29, 2019年

閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸症候群(OSAS)における口腔領域の画像評価に関する研究　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
竹内 明子, 兵頭 秀樹, 的場 光太郎, 箕輪 和行, 北海道歯学雑誌, 39, 2, 159, 159, 2019年03月
北海道歯学会, 日本語

一般歯科医院顎関節症・口腔顔面痛外来における外来患者の臨床統計的報告　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
飯沼 英人, 竹内 明子, 志摩 朋香, 箕輪 和行, 和嶋 浩一, 日本歯科心身医学会雑誌, 33, 2, 125, 125, 2018年12月
(一社)日本歯科心身医学会, 日本語

頭蓋病変の画像診断(最終回) 顎骨の腫瘍性病変
竹内 明子, 箕輪 和行, 臨床画像, 34, 7, 867, 878, 2018年07月
(株)メジカルビュー社, 日本語

一般歯科医院顎関節症・口腔顔面痛外来における外来患者の臨床統計的報告　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
飯沼 英人, 竹内 明子, 志摩 朋香, 箕輪 和行, 和嶋 浩一, 日本顎関節学会雑誌, 30, Suppl., 134, 134, 2018年07月
(一社)日本顎関節学会, 日本語

死後画像読影ガイドライン
日本医学放射線学会, 厚生労働科学研究班「医療機関外死亡における死後画像診断の実施に関する研究」, 北海道大学大学院医学研究院死因究明教育研究センター
金原出版, 2020年03月, 9784307070980, 2冊, 日本語

頭蓋・顔面病変の画像診断　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
竹内 明子, 箕輪 和行
メジカルビュー社, 2019年03月, ［共著］

頭蓋病変の画像診断ｰ顎骨の腫瘍性病変 臨床画像 2018年7月号　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
竹内 明子, 箕輪 和行
メジカルビュー社, 2018年07月, ［共著］

知っておきたい 歯・顎・口腔の画像診断 「画像診断」別冊KEYBOOKシリーズ　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
箕輪 和行, 竹内 明子
学研メディカル秀潤社, 2017年07月, ［共著］

歯科的身元確認を支援する包括的歯科材料データベースの構築-災害時応用を目指して　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
科学研究費助成事業
2024年04月 - 2026年03月
竹内明子, 的場光太郎, 神 茂樹, 箕輪和行
基盤研究(C), 研究代表者, 24K13384

深層学習による歯槽骨画像上特徴点検出を用いた歯周病画像検査法の開発
科学研究費助成事業
2023年04月 - 2026年03月
藤本 秀子, 竹内 明子, 伊藤 寿宏, 川上 竜司
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 京都大学, 23K09501

全身主要血管壁内における歯周病原性菌の存在分布ー脳血管障害による死亡例をもとに
科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C)
2020年04月01日 - 2023年03月31日
竹内 明子, 的場 光太郎, 箕輪 和行, 兵頭 秀樹, 亀田 浩之, 長谷部 晃
研究期間２年目では、ご遺体（法医解剖体）における死後CT画像取得時に、全身大血管（大脳動脈、頚動脈、胸部大動脈、腹部大動脈）における壁肥厚やプラークによる血管狭窄に対する画像的検索を進めており、これらの症例数は累計で18件となりました。
検体採取を行ったそれぞれの症例において画像的検索と法医解剖所見を比較することで、歯周病細菌の存在分布検証に用いる検体（主要血管壁）の採取部位をそれぞれ決定しました。また、採取した血管壁を用いて、凍結切片の作成により、病理学的検索の可能性を模索し、免疫染色による歯周病菌の同定（存在分布の確認）についても追加の検討を行っています。
予備実験において、死後CT画像にて血管壁に石灰化が見られる場合、DNA採取が困難である場合があり、血管壁の石灰化の度合いに対して、死後CT画像上でのスコア化を追加検討しています。
また、法医解剖体の口腔内所見採取時に、歯周病進行状況、残存歯数、歯科治療痕等のデータ収集をさらに進めています。検体数の増加により、前年度に取得した歯周ポケット検査による歯周病進行度のスコアに変更が生じたため、再度検討を行っています。検体採取については２年目も順調に進んでいますが、検体数の増加にともない、検体の口腔内所見（残存歯数や歯科治療所見）が多様に見られ、また、高齢のご遺体（解剖体）では、残存歯数が少ない場合があり、初年度に採取した口腔内所見によるスコア化に関して、調整が必要となっています。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 北海道大学, 20K10287