田部　豊 (タベ　ユタカ)

工学研究院　機械・宇宙航空工学部門　熱流体システム教授
高等教育推進機構教授
Last Updated :2025/07/05

■研究者基本情報

学位

  • 博士（工学）, 東京工業大学

Researchmap個人ページ

ホームページURL

研究者番号

  • 80374578

ORCID ID

J-Global ID

研究キーワード

  • 固体高分子形燃料電池
  • 物質移動
  • 二次電池
  • エネルギーシステム解析

研究分野

  • ものづくり技術（機械・電気電子・化学工学）, 熱工学

担当教育組織

■経歴

経歴

  • 2019年04月 - 現在
    北海道大学 大学院工学研究院, 教授, 日本国
  • 2022年04月 - 2025年03月
    東京大学 大学院工学系研究科, 教授（委嘱）, 日本国
  • 2007年04月 - 2019年03月
    北海道大学 工学(系)研究科(研究院), 准教授
  • 2004年04月 - 2007年03月
    北海道大学 工学(系)研究科(研究院), 助教授
  • 2000年04月 - 2004年03月
    株式会社荏原製作所
  • 1997年04月 - 2000年03月
    日本学術振興会, 特別研究員

学歴

  • 1997年04月 - 2000年03月, 東京工業大学, 理工学研究科機械物理工学専攻博士後期課程, Mechanical Engineering Science
  • 1995年04月 - 1997年03月, 東京工業大学, 理工学研究科機械物理工学専攻修士課程, Mechanical Engineering Science
  • 1991年04月 - 1995年03月, 東京工業大学, 工学部機械物理工学科

委員歴

  • 2024年04月 - 2025年03月
    日本機械学会, 熱工学部門 学会賞委員会 委員長, 学協会
  • 2022年04月 - 2023年03月
    日本機械学会, 熱工学部門 年鑑委員会 委員長, 学協会
  • 2021年04月 - 2023年03月
    日本機械学会, 動力エネルギーシステム部門 シンポジウム企画委員会 幹事, 学協会
  • 2020年05月 - 2022年05月
    日本伝熱学会, 理事, 学協会
  • 2019年04月 - 2020年03月
    日本機械学会, 熱工学部門 熱工学コンファレンス委員会 委員長, 学協会
  • 2017年05月 - 2019年05月
    日本伝熱学会, 学生会委員会 委員長, 学協会
  • 2016年04月 - 2017年03月
    日本機械学会, 熱工学部門 講習会委員会 委員長, 学協会
  • 2011年02月
    比布町, 比布町地域省エネルギービジョン策定委員会 委員長, 自治体
  • 2009年06月 - 2010年05月
    日本伝熱学会, 伝熱シンポジウム実行委員会 幹事, 学協会
  • 2008年05月 - 2010年05月
    日本伝熱学会, 理事, 学協会

■研究活動情報

受賞

  • 2024年11月, スマートプロセス学会, Best Review Paper賞　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    物質輸送、熱輸送から考える高出力化のための電池構造
    田部 豊;植村 豪;境田 悟志
  • 2021年03月, 日本機械学会, 熱工学部門 貢献表彰　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    田部 豊
  • 2020年04月, 日本機械学会, 日本機械学会賞（論文）　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    Scale model experiments for evaluation of liquid water transport in the gas diffusion layer of PEFCs
    Yutaka TABE;Satoshi SAKAIDA;Takemi CHIKAHISA
  • 2000年05月, 日本伝熱学会, 奨励賞　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    田部 豊

論文

その他活動・業績

書籍等出版物

  • マイクロ・ナノ熱工学の進展　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    田部 豊, 境田 悟志, 第2編 第12章 第2節，PP.368－373
    エヌ・ティー・エス, 2021年05月, ［共著］
  • Micro & Nano-Engineering of Fuel Cells　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    T. Chikahisa, Y. Tabe, Section 1: Pore-scale water transport investigation for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, PP.1－35
    CRC Press, 2015年, ［共著］

講演・口頭発表等

  • Overpotential Characteristic and Flow Field Structure for High Power Output of HT-PEFC
    Ryosuke Ichikawa, Ryo Sakakibara, Shion Omura, Yusuke Aoyama, Suguru Uemura, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2024年11月22日
    2024年11月22日 - 2024年11月22日
  • Enhancement of Liquid Water and Oxygen Transport By Partially Hydrophilic Mpls in a PEFC
    Yuya Tanaka, Yusuke Aoyama, Suguru Uemura, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2024年11月22日
    2024年11月22日 - 2024年11月22日
  • 無水高温型PEFCにおける始動および高温発電性能改善に向けた流路構造
    大村 詩音, 市川 亮輔, 青山 祐介, 植村 豪, 田部 豊
    年次大会, 2024年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 日本語
    2024年 - 2024年, Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) has high energy conversion efficiency because it can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and discharges only water during the power generation, which reduces the environmental impact. Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs) are being developed and deployed in commercial vehicles, such as large trucks and buses, to further popularize them in the future. To improve power generation efficiency and reduce the load on the cooling system, it is necessary to increase the operating temperature (aiming for up to 180°C). One of main advantages of the higher operating temperatures compared to conventional PEFC is the larger temperature difference from the ambient temperature, which improves cooling capacity and allows for higher load operation. In this study, we conducted experimental investigations and improvements on the flow field structure of non-humidification high-temperature PEFC. The objective is to reduce concentration overvoltage at high temperature operations and to actively discharge water generated during startup from low temperatures. In the experiment, three types of flow field were used. The pressure and temperature dependence of IV characteristics under high temperature conditions and the oxygen transport resistance at low temperature were investigated. The results showed that an interdigitated flow field has excellent high-temperature IV characteristics, where a 0.5mm straight flow field was the most suitable for discharging generated water at the low temperature.
  • Performance Analysis of Non-Humidified High-Temperature PEFC by Fuel Cell System Simulator
    Ryosuke Ichikawa, Ryo Sakakibara, Suguru Uemura, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2023年12月22日
    2023年12月22日 - 2023年12月22日
  • Proposal and Fundamental Investigation of Energy Storage and Hydrogen Supply System Using the Lithium
    Suguru Uemura, Shuntaro Ikegami, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2023年12月22日
    2023年12月22日 - 2023年12月22日
  • Development of PEFC Low Pt-Loading Graphene Catalyst Layer By Electrospray Method for Increasing Output Power
    Masaya Okano, Suguru Uemura, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2022年10月09日
    2022年10月09日 - 2022年10月09日
  • Effects of MPL Pore Size Distribution on Components of Oxygen Transport Resistance Increased Due to Water Accumulation in a PEFC
    Katsuhiro Fujii, Suguru Uemura, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2022年10月09日
    2022年10月09日 - 2022年10月09日
  • PEFC氷点下起動後の出力上昇に及ぼす滞留水の影響
    向井 誠, 植村 豪, 田部 豊
    動力・エネルギー技術の最前線講演論文集 : シンポジウム, 2022年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 日本語
    2022年 - 2022年, For cold startup of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), rapid output increase after the temperature rise is a critical issue. This study investigated experimentally the effective cell structure for this issue. In the experiment, we used an adiabatic cell to simulate the temperature rise of the stack by using separators with a small heat capacity and insulation material around it. The sub-zero startup with the cell with 1.0 mm wide channel and rib was successful from –10 ℃, but the shutdown occurred immediately due to flooding after the load increase. In the power increase with 0.3 mm wide channel and rib, it was shown that the cell voltage with 0.3mm wide channel and rib becomes more stable after the load increase than with the 1.0 mm wide channel and rib. This indicates that the narrow rib and channel is effective to improve the rapid power increase after the cold startup. This is considered because the liquid water is less likely to accumulate at the interface between MPL and CL in the cell with 0.3 mm wide channel and rib.
  • 北海道における再生可能エネルギー大量導入時の運輸部門での余剰電力有効利用法解析
    加藤 紘己, 植村 豪, 田部 豊
    動力・エネルギー技術の最前線講演論文集 : シンポジウム, 2022年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 日本語
    2022年 - 2022年, Wind and solar power generations are attracting attention as a countermeasure to global warming, but the output fluctuations occur in their large-scale introduction. This paper analyzes how to mitigate the output fluctuations of these variable renewable energies (VREs) in Hokkaido. In the analysis, the output patterns of 20 wind and 10 solar powers were set by the hour, and the total annual cost was calculated to be the minimum using a linear programming. If a large amount of variable renewable energy is introduced, a surplus of electricity is generated even with the introduction of countermeasures for output fluctuation. In this paper, EVs and FCVs were introduced as an effective way to use surplus power. In the case with EVs, the results showed that surplus power can be reduced by about 70% with no restrictions. The total annual cost in the FCV case is relatively higher, but becomes lower than that in the EV case given the constraint of a full charge at 4:00 am with the VRE share higher than 60%. In the range of VREs share below 20% and above 70%, it is cost effective to produce hydrogen in each region, and in the range of 30~60%, it is cost effective to transport hydrogen from northern Hokkaido to central Hokkaido.
  • リチウム空気電池正極のアイオノマーによる酸素輸送抵抗低減
    塚本 将弘, 植村 豪, 田部 豊
    動力・エネルギー技術の最前線講演論文集 : シンポジウム, 2022年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 日本語
    2022年 - 2022年, Lithium-air battery attracts great attention because of its high energy density. However, due to the low solubility and diffusivity of oxygen in the electrolyte, oxygen transport to the reaction site of the positive electrode is limited. The aim of this study is to reduce the oxygen transport resistance and increase the power output by using thin solid electrolyte membranes (ionomer). It is thought that ionomers can form a thin solid electrolyte film, which is difficult with liquid electrolytes, and can reduce oxygen transport resistance. The ionomer produced by coating the cathode with lithiated Nafion solution and drying. In this study, the effect of ionomer coating was investigated by conducting discharge experiments using cathodes with and without ionomer coating, respectively. Experimental results showed that performance was improved by using ionomer. Additionally, it was also suggested that the water content of the ionomer can affect the discharge performance.
  • リチウム金属を用いた水素供給システムにおける気泡生成挙動
    池上 駿太朗, 植村 豪, 田部 豊
    動力・エネルギー技術の最前線講演論文集 : シンポジウム, 2022年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 日本語
    2022年 - 2022年, When a lithium-air battery is discharged, lithium ions normally react with oxygen at the positive electrode, but when the positive electrode potential drops significantly, water in the electrolyte reacts with lithium ions to generate hydrogen. In this study, we proposed a new system for high-density energy storage and hydrogen supply using lithium by utilizing the structure of lithium-air batteries and this working principle, and conducted basic experiments. As a result, it was confirmed that a large overvoltage is involved for the hydrogen production reaction compared to the theoretical potential. In addition, the formation behavior of hydrogen bubbles was observed, and it was confirmed that the almost spherical bubbles were generated in this experimental system. In the future, we will investigate the detailed causes of the overvoltage and hydrogen production behavior in the hydrogen production reaction and propose methods to reduce the overvoltage in order to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production.
  • Effects of Condensed Water on Oxygen Transport Resistance Components Separated By the Limiting Current Analysis in PEFC
    Yutaka Iizuka, Yuki Kitami, Suguru Uemura, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2021年10月19日, The Electrochemical Society, 英語
    2021年10月19日 - 2021年10月19日
  • Experimental Evaluation of PEFC Catalyst Layer Structure to Reduce Oxygen Transport Resistances
    Shu Mizuno, Suguru Uemura, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2021年10月19日, The Electrochemical Society, 英語
    2021年10月19日 - 2021年10月19日
  • 固体高分子形燃料電池MPL/触媒層界面における凝縮水可視化　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    藤井克裕, 飯塚友俊, 植村豪, 田部豊
    日本機械学会動力・エネルギー技術シンポジウム講演論文集(CD-ROM), 2021年
    2021年 - 2021年
  • Leveling technology of grid balance for large- scale installation of wind and solar power in Hokkaido　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    Biness Lukwesa, Wataru Sato, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    ECOS 2020 - Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, 2020年, ECOS 2020 Local Organizing Committee, 英語
    2020年 - 2020年
  • Water Transport in PEFC Cold Startup with Temperature Rise Simulating Adiabatic Condition
    Ken Hirai, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2019年09月01日, The Electrochemical Society
    2019年09月01日 - 2019年09月01日
  • Effect of Electrode Structure and Electrolyte Flow on Performance of Redox Flow Battery
    Sota Osanai, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2019年09月01日, The Electrochemical Society
    2019年09月01日 - 2019年09月01日
  • Development of Graphene-Based PEFC Catalyst Layer for Reduction of Oxygen Transport Resistance
    Keisuke Yada, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2019年09月01日, The Electrochemical Society
    2019年09月01日 - 2019年09月01日
  • Water Transport in Gas Diffusion Layer of PEFC with Wettability Distribution in Thickness Direction
    Satoshi Sakaida, Kotaro Tanaka, Mitsuru Konno, Yutaka Tabe
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2019年09月01日, The Electrochemical Society
    2019年09月01日 - 2019年09月01日
  • Analysis of Oxygen Transport Resistances in the Catalyst Layers with Different Carbon Supports in PEFC
    Takayasu Satake, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2018年07月23日, The Electrochemical Society, 英語
    2018年07月23日 - 2018年07月23日
  • Experimental Study on the Balance between Microscopic Water Production and Temperature Rise During Cold Startup in PEFC
    Fumito Onishi, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2018年07月23日, The Electrochemical Society, 英語
    2018年07月23日 - 2018年07月23日
  • Study on PEFC Gas Diffusion Layer with Designed Wettability Pattern Tolerant to Flooding
    Satoshi Sakaida, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa, Kotaro Tanaka, Mitsuru Konno
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2018年07月23日, The Electrochemical Society
    2018年07月23日 - 2018年07月23日
  • Experimental Analysis of Oxygen Transport Resistance for Different Types of Ionomer in PEFC Catalyst
    Takumi Iiri, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2018年07月23日, The Electrochemical Society
    2018年07月23日 - 2018年07月23日
  • 北海道における風力・太陽光発電大量導入時の電力構成・コスト・CO2量変化と運輸部門内電力利用の効果解析
    岡田季樹, 田部豊, 近久武美
    日本機械学会動力・エネルギー技術シンポジウム講演論文集(CD-ROM), 2018年, 日本語
  • 北海道における大幅なCO2排出削減に向けた長期的な最適エネルギー導入技術解析
    藤原貴弘, 田部豊, 近久武美
    エネルギーシステム・経済・環境コンファレンス講演論文集(CD-ROM), 2018年, 日本語
  • PEM形燃料電池の昇温過程における氷点下起動特性
    大西史人, 田部豊, 近久武美
    日本機械学会北海道支部講演会講演概要集(CD-ROM), 2017年09月18日, 日本語
  • 北海道における風力・太陽光発電の大量導入に向けた変動対策および水素変換技術の導入解析
    岡田季樹, 田部豊, 近久武美
    日本機械学会北海道支部講演会講演概要集(CD-ROM), 2017年09月18日, 日本語
  • 家庭用小型吸着式冷凍機のための吸脱着を伴う熱物質移動現象に関する研究
    浅川夏越, 田部豊, 近久武美
    日本機械学会北海道支部講演会講演概要集(CD-ROM), 2017年09月18日, 日本語
  • トータルエンジンシミュレータ用のディーゼル燃焼モデルに関する研究
    坂井拓也, 田部豊, 近久武美
    日本機械学会北海道支部講演会講演概要集(CD-ROM), 2017年09月18日, 日本語
  • PEFCカソード触媒層における酸素輸送抵抗の支配因子
    佐竹孝保, 田部豊, 近久武美
    日本機械学会北海道支部講演会講演概要集(CD-ROM), 2017年09月18日, 日本語
  • PEM形燃料電池触媒層における白金の高効率利用に関する研究
    飯利拓実, 田部豊, 近久武美
    日本機械学会北海道支部講演会講演概要集(CD-ROM), 2017年09月18日, 日本語
  • Analysis of Oxygen Transport Resistance Components and Water Transport Phenomena with Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic MPL in PEFC
    Ryo Nozaki, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa, Toshihiro Tanuma
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2017年09月01日, The Electrochemical Society
    2017年09月01日 - 2017年09月01日
  • Experimental Evaluation of Dominant Transport Resistances of Oxygen in Catalyst Layers of PEFC
    Yutaka Tabe, Takayasu Satake, Takumi Iiri, Tomoya Hayashi, Takemi Chikahisa
    ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2017年09月01日, The Electrochemical Society
    2017年09月01日 - 2017年09月01日
  • Effect of Cost Reduction in Power Sources on Large-Scale Penetration of Wind and Solar Power in Hokkaido
    Kengo Suzuki, Naoya Takahashi, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    2017 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GREEN ENERGY AND APPLICATIONS (ICGEA 2017), 2017年, IEEE, 英語
    2017年 - 2017年, This study focuses on the power supply system of Hokkaido, the largest and northernmost prefecture in Japan and identifies the barriers to raise the share of wind and solar power to 100%. An increase in total system cost versus the penetration of wind and solar power into the energy system was examined based on the current technology and cost level. The effect of cost reductions in solar power and batteries are also investigated. The results show that the share of wind and solar power can be raised to 50% without significant increase in the total system cost. To achieve this, wind power should mainly be installed in the northern area and transmission lines should be enhanced to connect the northern and capital areas. However, the profitability of non-renewable power decreases with increasing wind power capacity. As the share of renewables exceeds 50%, the total system cost rapidly increases because of a widening of the demand-supply gap. Reducing the cost of solar power can reduce the total system cost to some extent. However, the main power source is still wind energy because the seasonal pattern of wind power output is in higher correlation with demand than solar power.
  • 親水性カーボンファイバーMPLによる固体高分子形燃料電池のフラッディング改善メカニズム　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    青山祐介, 鈴木研悟, 田部豊, 近久武美, 田沼敏弘
    日本伝熱シンポジウム講演論文集(CD-ROM), 2016年
    2016年 - 2016年
  • PEFCにおける触媒層内酸素輸送抵抗と水輸送メカニズム解析　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    野崎涼, 青山祐介, 鈴木研悟, 田部豊, 近久武美
    日本機械学会動力・エネルギー技術シンポジウム講演論文集(CD-ROM), 2016年
    2016年 - 2016年
  • 産業連関分析によるコジェネレーション導入が及ぼす地域経済波及効果　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    長沼要, 鈴木研悟, 田部豊, 近久武美
    日本機械学会動力・エネルギー技術シンポジウム講演論文集(CD-ROM), 2016年
    2016年 - 2016年
  • フラッディング条件におけるPEFC内酸素輸送抵抗の要素分離手法に関する研究
    野崎 涼, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2016年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 日本語
    2016年 - 2016年
  • PEFCの氷点下起動における力ソード触媒層内氷形成挙動と電気抵抗変化
    笠井 風太, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2016年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 日本語
    2016年 - 2016年
  • レドックスフロー電池における高電流密度運転時の電流密度分布ならびに性能特性
    善当 哲也, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2016年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 日本語
    2016年 - 2016年
  • 北海道における効果的な温室効果ガス大幅削減に対する長期エネルギーシステム構成変化解析
    藤原 貴弘, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2016年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 日本語
    2016年 - 2016年
  • Monolayer Graphene for proton exchange membrane and catalyst layer in PEM fuel cells
    Kumar Abhay, Tabe Yutaka, Chikahisa Takemi
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2016年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 英語
    2016年 - 2016年
  • レドックスフ口ー電池の高効率・高電流密度化のための電池構造に関する研究
    坂本 篤, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2016年, 一般社団法人 日本機械学会, 日本語
    2016年 - 2016年
  • 親水性MPLを有する固体高分子形燃料電池の発電および生成水分布特性　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    青山祐介, 鈴木研悟, 田部豊, 近久武美, 田沼敏弘
    日本伝熱シンポジウム講演論文集(CD-ROM), 2015年
    2015年 - 2015年
  • Pore-scale water transport investigation for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells
    Takemi Chikahisa, Yutaka Tabe
    Micro and Nano-Engineering of Fuel Cells, 2015年01月01日
    2015年01月01日 - 2015年01月01日, © 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK. Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells could potentially become promising power sources for vehicles and stationery combined heat and power (CHP) generators in the near future, as they have higher efficiency and cleaner emission characteristics than conventional engines. Although hydrogen fuel for the cells is mainly produced from natural gas with a conversion efficiency of around 75% at present, well-to-wheel efficiency is still superior to conventional engines. When hydrogen is produced from renewable energy sources, such as solar cells and windmills, PEM fuel cells will be the most powerful devices to convert hydrogen into power with the highest efficiency.
  • REMOVAL OF SHAPE DEFORMATION IN THE FREE ENERGY BASED LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD FOR LARGE DENSITY RATIO
    Jia-ming Gong, Nobuyuki Oshima, Yutaka Tabe
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOCHANNELS, MICROCHANNELS, AND MINICHANNELS, 2015, 2015年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2015年 - 2015年, The free energy based lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for two-phase flow with large density ratio is used to simulate droplet dynamics in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). The shape deformation of a static water droplet in the gas channel occurred in the simulations was eliminated. In this LBM model, two types of staggered grids which respectively make use of the velocity components from the orthogonal and diagonal directions are blended to calculate the hydrodynamic pressure from the Poisson equation, with the successive over relaxation method (SOR). It is found that the simulated water droplet shape is determined by both the blending factor of the two types of staggered grids and the radius length. The appropriate blending factor for each radius length is summarized to optimize the simulation. The dependence of shape deformation on the blending factor and the radius length is further validated while considering the wettability effect of the solid wall of the gas channel. It is proved that the summarized appropriate blending factors are still practical when the concept of equivalent radius length is adopted.
  • E225 北海道の中長期的なCO_2排出削減目標量に対するエネルギー構成変化ならびにコスト解析(OS7 再生可能エネルギー(2))
    柳 雄祐, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2015年, 日本語
    This study analyzes an influence of CO_2 reduction target on the energy mix and energy supply cost of Hokkaido until the 2050. As the target becomes more aggressive, the energy supply cost increases mainly in the power generation sector, and the increase in power generation cost is mainly caused by the substitution of fossil fuel fired power with wind power. When the larger amount of wind power is installed, the mismatch between demand and supply increases mainly in the summer and interphase, and the larger amount of surplus electricity need to be discarded.
  • D122 過冷却を伴うPEFC氷点下起動時の氷形成挙動(OS6 水素・燃料電池(2))
    石間 裕太, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2015年, 日本語
    At cold startup of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell PEFC at -10 ℃, the produced water remains as supercooled water before it freezes, and then the shutdown occurs with ice layer formation between the cathode catalyst layer (CL) and micro-porous layer (MPL). This study investigated ice formation behavior during the cold startup with supercooled water in PEFC by measurements of cold start characteristic and observations of the cathode CL using a Cryo-SEM. The ice layer observed at the interface became thicker gradually during the startup, and this suggested that the produced water moves through ionomer in the CL. Basic investigation of the water transport through the ionomer and its driving force was conducted, and introduction of a hydrophilic MPL was tested to improve the cold start characteristics, longer startup period.
  • C131 レドックスフローバッテリーの充放電効率に及ぼす電解液流動条件の影響解析(OS4 省エネルギー・コジェネ・ヒートポンプ(2))
    嶋田 遼, 内山 真理, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2015年, 日本語
    In vanadium redox flow battery, energy efficiency decreases mainly because of ohmic loss IR_ and concentration overpotential η_. Especially capacity loss by early shutdown timing of charge and discharge process is strongly affected by η_, which depends on mass transfer of active species to reaction area. In this study, we conducted charge-discharge experiments with a single cell battery in order to investigate the behavior of cell voltage around shutdown and elucidate the relationship between mass transfer coefficient k and electrolyte flow condition. It was shown that that the k is proportional to 0.5〜0.6th power of mean electrolyte flow velocity ν, and the coefficients are different for the charge and discharge processes.
  • S0830302 分散協調型コジェネレーションシステムの導入効果に及ぼす地域特性・コスト・機器性能影響
    赤澤 眞之, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会, 2015年, 日本語
    The authors proposed the concept that CHPs, which is combined heat and power and sometimes called co-generation, are installed to buildings with large heat demand and excessively generated electricity is consumed in buildings in the grid network. The analysis demonstrated significant effect of the system for the reduction of CO_2 with keeping cost advantage, compared to the non-networked CHPs. This paper analyses dependence of the effect on regions, CHP devices, and cost conditions. The results show that the networked CHP system keeps its significant effect even in Tokyo area, although the effect is larger in Sapporo. Compared to the non-networked system, CO_2 can be reduced twice by the networked CHPs. This is due to the fact that houses have high heat/electricity demand ratio even in Tokyo. The paper also shows the effectiveness of fuel cell CHPs compared to gas-engines, due to higher efficiency of electric generation. Cost analysis indicates that the supply unit cost ratio of grid electricity and town gas linearly influences the cost benefit of CHPs.
  • J0560103 発泡金属流路型PEFCの性能および水輸送現象に及ぼす空隙構造影響
    八重原 幹樹, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会, 2015年, 日本語
    According to earlier studies, the porous flow fields of Polymer Electrode Fuel Cell (PEFC) are more tolerant against flooding phenomenon in comparison with conventional flow channels such as straight and serpentine type channels. However, the relationship between the porous structure and water management ability of porous media has not been clarified. This study investigated the influence of porosity and pore diameter of metal foam flow fields on the cell performance and water transport. Celmets, which are the porous media with foam structure and high porosity in comparison with sintered metal, is used as the porous flow fields. The results show that the influence of pore diameter on cell performance and water drainage is small under the condition of this study. And the usage of celmets with higher porosity, 96.8%, causes a decrease in cell performance. Such a performance decrease appears to be caused by the lower contact pressure and inferior gas diffusion.
  • J0560101 PEFCガス拡散層内の凝縮水挙動に関する高速格子ボルツマン解析
    東 武志, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会, 2015年, 日本語
    In PEFC, flooding phenomena is one of the critical problems to be solved. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize water and reactant gas flow management in the cell. Our research group applied the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for the two phase flow with high density ratio, including the effect of wettability, and has carried out the analyses of gas and liquid water flow to propose the gas diffusion layer (GDL) with the high water draining capability. In this study, we simulated liquid water behavior inside of the GDL applying the equal density LBM in order to achieve shorter computational time comparing to the high density ratio LBM. In the equal density LBM code developed by the authors, we found two problems. One was a decrease in amount of water in the GDL, and the other was discriminating liquid water behavior compared with in the high density ratio LBM. This paper explains the applied improvements to solve these two problems by setting the wall boundary conditions appropriately.
  • G0110103 自由エネルギーに基づいた二相系大密度比LBMにおける自由流出境界条件の影響(計算力学部門一般セッション)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    Jiaming GONG, 大島 伸行, 田部 豊
    年次大会 : Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan, 2014年09月07日, 一般社団法人日本機械学会, 英語
    2014年09月07日 - 2014年09月07日, The effect of 0-velocity inlet and free-out outlet boundary condition used in the free energy based LBM with large density ratio was investigated in this paper. A static water droplet in the quiescent gas in a gas channel was simulated with both the 0-velocity inlet and free-out outlet boundary condition and the periodic boundary conditions along Z direction of the computational domain. The total mass loss was observed while using the 0-velocity and free-out outlet boundary condition. By comparing with results from the periodic boundary condition, it was proved that both the velocity inlet and the free-out outlet can be the sources of mass un-conservation; the difference of the simulation results between the two types of boundary conditions are small, both boundary conditions can be used in the target simulation.
  • 北方都市における分散協調型コジェネレーションシステムの導入効果解析
    赤澤 眞之, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊
    エネルギー・資源学会研究発表会講演論文集, 2014年06月10日, エネルギー・資源学会, 日本語
    2014年06月10日 - 2014年06月10日
  • 固体高分子形燃料電池におけるMPLの界面構造と濡れ性が水輸送現象に及ぼす影響　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    青山祐介, 鈴木研悟, 田部豊, 近久武美, 田沼敏弘
    日本伝熱シンポジウム講演論文集(CD-ROM), 2014年
    2014年 - 2014年
  • ANALYSIS OF LIQUID WATER BEHAVIOR IN GAS DIFFUSION LAYERS OF PEFC USING LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    Y. Tabe, T. Azuma, Y. Honjo, K. Suzuki, T. Chikahisa
    Proceedings of the 25th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena, 2014年, 英語
    2014年 - 2014年
  • Structural optimization of porous flow fields to improve water management ability of PEFC　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    K. Suzuki, D. Sato, Y. Tabe, T. Chikahisa
    Proceedings of the 15th International Heat Transfer Conference, 2014年, 英語
    2014年 - 2014年
  • C212 氷点下起動に起因するPEFC性能低下現象の解明(OS6 水素・燃料電池(1))
    石間 裕太, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2014年, 日本語
    In polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs), the produced ice below freezing temperature has the potential to adversely affect the structure of cathode catalyst layer (CL) and the cell performance. This study investigated degradation characteristics of a PEFC resulting from produced ice in CL. To repeat cold start in a short time, we introduce N_2 purge to remove the produced ice below freezing temperature. The cycle of cold start at -10℃ makes the cell performance gradually-degraded in high current density region. The freezing period becomes longer and the cell resistance at shutdown increases after the cold start cycle. The results suggested that produced ice degrades the contact of CL and micro porous layer.
  • C133 北海道の家庭部門における暖房・給湯機器の選択行動のモデル解析(OS4 省エネルギー・コジェネ・ヒートポンプ(3))
    鈴木 研悟, 大田 純, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2014年, 日本語
    The deployment of energy saving and fuel substitution is affected by the mechanism of boiling and heating systems selection by household. This study developed the Conjoint Analysis to deal with the simultaneous selection of boiling and heating apparatuses, and analyzed the mechanism of boiling and heating systems selection by household living in rented houses in Sapporo by using conditional logit model. The result shows that the households in Hokkaido place more importance on initial cost than fuel cost when choosing boiling and cooling apparatuses. As the households using gas boiler and oil heater, about 50% of them selects gas boiler when they buy their houses, but the selection of heaters is not affected by present fuel types. About the half of households select the high efficient apparatuses, such as electric heat pumps and heat recovery-type boilers, without subsidies.
  • 335 北海道における再生可能エネルギー導入量に対する最適なエネルギー利用形態の解析(動力エネルギーシステム)
    柳 雄祐, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2014年, 日本語
  • 321 レドックスフローバッテリーの性能向上のための電解液流動条件の検討(熱工学,動力エネルギーシステム)
    嶋田 遼, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2014年, 日本語
  • 314 多孔体流路を有する固体高分子形燃料電池の性能特性解析(熱工学)
    八重原 幹樹, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2014年, 日本語
  • 313 PEFCの氷点下起動特性に及ぼす触媒層構造影響(熱工学)
    西川 浩至, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2014年, 日本語
  • J0610103 オープンカソードファン式小型携帯PEFCにおける熱管理と最適流路構造([J061-01]燃料電池・二次電池とマイクロ・ナノ現象(1))
    高城 広輔, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会, 2014年, 日本語
    As a smaller and lighter hydrogen PEFC, we adopted "Dead-end mode" and "Open-cathode" systems. Previous study showed that dry-out and anode flooding deteriorate the cell performance under drier air and higher current density conditions. In this paper, the effective methods to prevent dry-out and anode flooding were investigated experimentally using a single cell simulating the temperature distribution in a PEFC stack. It was shown that, in the condition that dry-out is caused easily by large increase in the cell temperature, the higher flow rate of the cathode air with low humidity improves cooling capacity, but also makes the MEA drier, resulting in dry-out. This means that it is difficult to suppress the dry-out by the control of the cathode air and other cooling method is needed. The results of experiment introducing a cooling channel showed that the control of the cooling air through the cooling channel is effective for suppressing the dry-out, and the control of the cathode air is also effective for suppressing the anode flooding.
  • 凍結固定化法を用いた固体高分子形燃料電池におけるMPL内水輸送現象のCryo-SEM観察　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    青山祐介, 鈴木研悟, 田部豊, 近久武美, 田沼敏弘
    日本伝熱シンポジウム講演論文集(CD-ROM), 2013年
    2013年 - 2013年
  • NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CONDENSED WATER BEHAVIOR IN GAS DIFFUSION LAYERS OF PEFC USING THE LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD
    Yutaka Tabe, Ryuji Kamijo, Yuji Honjo, Kengo Suzuki, Takemi Chikahisa
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOCHANNELS, MICROCHANNELS, AND MINICHANNELS, 2013, 2013年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2013年 - 2013年, Numerical simulations using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been developed to elucidate the dynamic behavior of condensed water in a gas diffusion layer (GDL) of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEFC). Here, a LBM model of two-phase flow with equal densities was applied, because the condensed water behavior is less affected by the gas flow. The simulation results showed that the LBM applied here can simulate dynamic capillary fingering at low migration speeds of liquid water in a GDL, which is similar to the results of the LBM simulation with large density differences. Using the equal density LBM, we conducted efficient large-scale analyses to elucidate the effect of the GDL structure and wettability on the liquid water behavior inside of the GDL.
  • ANALYSIS OF WATER TRANSPORT IN THE VICINITY OF MICRO-POROUS LAYER IN PEFC WITH FREEZING METHOD
    Yusuke Aoyama, Kengo Suzuki, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOCHANNELS, MICROCHANNELS, AND MINICHANNELS, 2013, 2013年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2013年 - 2013年, This paper examines the role of micro porous layers (MPLs) in Polymer Electrode Fuel Cells (PEFCs) by observing the cross-sectional distribution of condensed water inside a cathode side MPL In addition, the forms of water condensation in the vicinity of a MPL are also compared between two places, under flow channels and under lands, by observing both inside the MPL and an interface between the MPL and a catalyst layer (CL). The freezing method and a cryo-scanning electronic microscope (cryo-SEM) are used for the observation. The result under the non-flooded condition shows that condensed water does not accumulate inside the MPL. This result indicates that the water produced by PEFC power generation passes through the MPL as vapor state under non-flooded conditions.
  • THE APPROPRIATE BLEND PROPORTIONAL FACTOR VALUE OF TWO STAGGERED GRIDS USED IN THE FREE ENERGY BASED LBM WITH LARGE DENSITY RATIO
    Jia-ming Gong, Nobuyuki Oshima, Yutaka Tabe
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOCHANNELS, MICROCHANNELS, AND MINICHANNELS, 2013, 2013年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2013年 - 2013年, The effect of blend proportional factor a used in the free energy based two-phase flow LBM model with large density ratio on the shape description of a water droplet is investigated. The blend proportional factor a which combines the two kinds of staggered grids is adopted in the calculation process of the Poisson equation based fractional step method to satisfy the mass conservation in the LBM scheme, it is found to lead to varied degrees of shape deformation of a simulated liquid water droplet. The shape deformation degree of a liquid water droplet with certain dimensionless radius is measured by the radius lengths in 8 directions. The appropriate a which gives the better shape description accuracy of a water droplet with certain dimensionless radius is explored and its value change tendency with the dimensionless radius lengths is summarized The a's effect on the shape deformation is also presented
  • A214 北海道における風力発電所の地理的分散配置による発電量変動リスクの抑制効果解析(OS2 再生可能エネルギー(3))
    鈴木 研悟, 中西 嵩裕, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2013年, 日本語
    To spread the wind power technology, the power fluctuation risk of wind power plants, i.e.a risk of frequent and large reduction in the output caused by time-varying wind speeds, need to be decreased. Among measures against the risk, the geographical distribution of wind power plants needs to be examined first because additional facilities, such as backup thermal power plants or electricity storages, are not required. This study analyzes the risk reduction effect of geographically distributing wind power plants among the regions within Hokkaido. The mean-CVaR (Conditional Value at Risk) model is adopted to estimate optimum geographical distribution of the plants. We found that the geographical distribution can largely decrease the power fluctuation risk. Such a result indicates that the Hokkaido has enough variety of climates to largely decrease the power fluctuation risk of wind power plants by domestic geographical distribution.
  • A213 北海道産業連関表を用いた風力発電導入による雇用剔出効果の推計(OS2 再生可能エネルギー(3))
    青木 利憲, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2013年, 日本語
    When introducing renewable energies, the job-creation effect needs to be considered in addition to stable supply of energy and countermeasures against global warming. In this paper, we estimated the job-creation effect in the life cycle of wind power plants which is expected to be massively introduced into the Hokkaido, the life cycle of wind power generation includes manufacture of a wind turbine, power generation, operation and maintenance. Input-output table analysis is applied for the estimation, and wind power generation sector is newly added to the published version of the Hokkaido input-output table. The life cycle job-creation is estimated to be 1.34 person*year/GWh Of these, 0.57 person*year/GWh are Construction of wind turbine and 0.77 person*year/GWh are wind power generation About 30% of the life cycle job-creation is created outside the Hokkaido.
  • A103 PEFC氷点下起動時における発電停止メカニズム解明のための触媒層内酸素輸送抵抗解析(OS5 水素・燃料電池(1))
    山田 一樹, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2013年, 日本語
    In polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs), the freezing of produced water makes cell performance worse below zero In this study, we investigated the freezing phenomena in the cathode catalyst layer (CL) by the experiments, and identified the effects of current density, cathode gas pressure, and oxygen concentration It was shown from the results that the ice distribution in the CL and the estimated amount of ice produced in the CL till the shutdown depend on the current density while they are independent of the cathode gas pressure and the oxygen molar concentration To clarify the main cause dominating these tendencies in the cold start, we introduced the effect of ice formation on an increase in the through-plane electrical resistance of the CL into the three phase boundary and the CL models, and examined the freezing mechanism in the CL
  • 510 北海道における風力発電設備増加時の発電量変動対策とコスト分析(エンジン、動力エネルギーシステムII)
    天神林 大士, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2013年, 日本語
  • 509 非線形最適化モデルによる分散協調型コジェネレーションシステムのCO2・コスト解析(エンジン、動力エネルギーシステムII)
    赤澤 眞之, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2013年, 日本語
  • 502 燃焼場急速混合によるディーゼルNOX低減の主要影響因子の解析(エンジン、動力エネルギーシステムI)
    田熊 優一, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2013年, 日本語
  • 501 簡易高速エンジンシミュレータにおける燃焼冷却損失モデルに関する研究(エンジン、動力エネルギーシステムI)
    松川 大介, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2013年, 日本語
  • 410 氷点下起動におけるPEFC劣化現象の解明(熱学I)
    石間 裕太, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2013年, 日本語
  • 407 小型携帯PEFCの最適構造および冷却方法の検討(熱学I)
    高城 広輔, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2013年, 日本語
  • 406 固体高分子形燃料電池における触媒層構造制御と性能解析(熱学I)
    赤堀 渉, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2013年, 日本語
  • I142 LBMを用いた固体高分子形燃料電池におけるGDL内液水流動に及ぼす濡れ性分布影響(OS-5:燃料電池・二次電池関連研究の新展開(4))
    本庄 佑次, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    熱工学コンファレンス, 2013年, 日本語
    Flooding is one of the problems to be solved for practical use of PEFC. In this study, the numerical simulation using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) was developed to elucidate the liquid water behavior in a gas diffusion layer. In the equal density LBM code developed by the authors, there is a problem that setting value of water flow rate was not ensured. This paper explains the applied improvements for setting the inlet boundary conditions, keeping the fast calculation for the large-scale simulation, and the improved results. The instability of simulation, however, still remains as an unsolved issue, and the cause is also discussed.
  • I123 レドックスフローバッテリーの電池性能に及ぼす電流密度分布の影響測定(OS-5:燃料電池・二次電池関連研究の新展開(2))
    門脇 翼, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    熱工学コンファレンス, 2013年, 日本語
    The vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) has emerged as a viable grid-scale energy storage technology that offers energy storage solutions for renewable energy applications. In this study, we focus on the effect of material transport and electrolyte concentration distribution on cell performance. The original cell was specially designed for measurement of current density distribution, and the analysis method was established. In the method, the measured values just after the start of discharge were used to identify the non-uniform contact resistances, and the current density distribution unaffected by the measurement devices can be estimated. The measurement results showed that the current density decreases along the electrolyte flow, and the range of the current density and the cell performance are improved by increasing the electrolyte flow rate.
  • J061051 レドックスフロー電池性能向上のための電極構造と電解液流動に関する研究(〔J061-05〕燃料電池・二次電池におけるナノ・マイクロ現象とマクロ性能(5):各種電池)
    杉本 亮, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会, 2013年, 日本語
    The use of the redox flow battery as a large-capacity rechargeable battery is one of the solutions for equalization of the outputs of wind power and photovoltaic power. In this study, we focus on electrode structure and the electrolyte flow of the redox flow battery, because those optimum design is necessary for improving total system performance. We tested with three kinds of electrode structure, and confirmed the influence of the electrolyte flow rate. At low SOC (state of charge), the discharge performance is greatly affected by the concentration overpotential at low flow rate of the electrolyte. In the case of the electrode structure with electrolyte flow channel, the effect of the concentration overpotential becomes larger in comparison with the electrode structure without electrolyte flow channel, indicating that most electrolyte flows in the flow channel and diffusion of the reactant is dominant for the cell performance. With the electrode without the channel (3mm or 6mm thick carbon felt), the effect of electrode thickness is small up to current density around 40mA/cm^2 even at low electrolyte flow rate, while thicker electrode improves the cell performance at high current density because of the larger effective reaction area of the carbon felt.
  • J061043 多孔体流路を有するPEFCの熱および水管理の及ぼす材質・構造影響(〔J061-04〕燃料電池・二次電池におけるナノ・マイクロ現象とマクロ性能(4):PEFC内輸送現象)
    佐藤 大樹, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会, 2013年, 日本語
    According to earlier studies, the porous flow channel of Polymer Electrode Fuel Cell (PEFC) are more tolerant against flooding phenomenon, but less tolerant against dry-out phenomenon in comparison with conventional flow channels such as straight and serpentine type channels. However, the relationship between the porous structure and water management ability of porous media has not been clarified. This study investigated the influence of porosity and pore structure of porous bipolar plates on the tolerance of single cell against flooding and dry-out phenomena. The porous media produced by sintering Titanium fibers are used as the flow channels. The results show that the porous flow channel with lower porosity is more tolerant against dry-out phenomenon and less tolerant against flooding phenomenon. The best porosity of the flow channel seems to be in the range between 85-93%. The results also indicate that the porous media made of metal fibers with larger diameter has less water management ability because the special variety of porous and metal becomes larger.
  • Numerical simulation of the effect of enhanced combustion zone mixing on NOx reduction by decreasing residence-time-scales in high temperature zones in diesel engines
    Masaru Kubo, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Modeling and Diagnostics for Advanced Engine Systems, COMODIA 2012, 2012年12月01日
    2012年12月01日 - 2012年12月01日, Diesel engines have high thermal efficiency, but suffer from the problem of relatively high emissions of NOx and particulate matter. The authors have shown that NOx is mostly generated at the flame tip region where mixing strength decrease significantly and maintains high temperatures for longer times than other regions. Based on this assumption, the authors proposed a combustion concept to reduce NOx by introducing high turbulence in the combustion chamber during the combustion period. The present paper reports simulations of the turbulence intensity and NOx reduction for an engine, which is designed to generate a strong jet from a special cell. The cell, which is termed CCD in the paper, is added to a direct injection diesel engine, and a small amount of fuel is injected into the cell to create the strong jet entering the main chamber. The numerical simulations showed that NOx increased significantly by the jet from the cell, the opposite of the expected result. However it was shown that a significant NOx reduction was obtained when the jet was injected in the same direction as the fuel injection, showing the viability of the concept. Copyright © 2012 by the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers.
  • J056024 Mass Conversation Improvement in LBM and Its Application in PEFC Simulation　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    Gong Jiaming, Oshima Nobuyuki, Tabe Yutaka, Yasser Ben Salah
    年次大会 : Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan, 2012年09月09日, 一般社団法人日本機械学会, 英語
    2012年09月09日 - 2012年09月09日, The emergence and transportation process of liquid water from a micro-pore on the gas diffusion layer surface under the action of gas flow in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEFC) is simulated by a modified free energy based lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) with large density ratio. A so called space averaged index function method is used to improve the mass conservation in the LBM scheme. And the effect of the GDL surface wettability on the liquid water removal efficiency is investigated. The simulation results show that the mass conservation of the LBM for the 3D simulation has been greatly improved and satisfied. The highly hydrophobic surface of GDL has a better performance in liquid water removal and less surface coverage area. It is shown that this LBM method can be an effective tool in simulating the two phase flow in the PEFC.
  • 需要家特性を考慮した民生部門における電力需要の低減および平準化シナリオ解析
    青山 祐介, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊
    エネルギー・資源学会研究発表会講演論文集, 2012年06月05日, エネルギー・資源学会, 日本語
    2012年06月05日 - 2012年06月05日
  • STUDY ON WATER TRANSPORT PHENOMENA THROUGH MICRO-POROUS LAYERS IN PEFC
    Takemi Chikahisa, Yutaka Tabe, Kazumasa Kadowaki
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOCHANNELS, MICROCHANNELS AND MINICHANNELS 2012, 2012年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2012年 - 2012年, Micro-porous layers (MPLs) play an important role in the water management of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs), but details of the mechanism that works to suppress water flooding has not been fully understood. In this study, the authors investigated water distribution at the interface between the MPL and the catalyst layer (CL) at the cathode side to clarify the effect of the MPL on the discharge of produced water. A freezing method was applied to observe the distribution of the condensed water, and the ice distribution on the CL surface was quantified by image processing. The effects of operating conditions on the water distribution were examined at normal temperature conditions. The distribution of ice formed on the surface of the CL with and without MPL after -10 degrees C cold start operation was also established. Water transport rate in the vapor phase was analyzed based on temperature and vapor pressure gradient considerations. The experiments and the analysis showed that the MPL functions to prevent accumulation of water on the surface of the CL, resulting in less water flooding.
  • DECISION OF THE BEST BLEND PROPORTIONAL FACTOR VALUE OF TWO STAGGERED GRIDS USED IN LBM FOR PEFC SIMULATION
    Jia-ming Gong, Nobuyuki Oshima, Eru Kurihara, Yutaka Tabe
    PROCEEDINGS IF THE ASME 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOCHANNELS, MICROCHANNELS AND MINICHANNELS 2011, VOL 1, 2012年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2012年 - 2012年, The appropriate blend proportional factor value which combines two kinds of staggered grids used in Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) for simulating the multiphase flow phenomena with large density ratio in the Polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is fixed on. The shape deformation of the water droplet is found when using the two kinds of staggered grids to prevent the pressure oscillation when solving the Poisson equation of this LBM model and the shape of the water droplet varies with the changes of the blend proportional factor values. Two methods are adopted to find out the two staggered grids' appropriate blend proportional factor value that can diminish or minimize the deformation of the droplet. The first one is to compare the simulation results of different blend proportional factors with the theoretical value and find the one mostly approaches the theoretical value; the second one is to compare the current velocity divergences of the two staggered grids using the results calculated by different blend proportional factor values. A water droplet resting in a tunnel is simulated with different blend proportional factor values and the appropriate value is decided.
  • J056026 格子ボルツマン法を用いた固体高分子形燃料電池ガス拡散層内での気液二相流解析
    上條 隆治, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会, 2012年, 日本語
    For practical use of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), a flooding phenomenon is one of the problems to be solved. The flooding is caused by liquid water accumulated in the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the gas flow channels and deteriorates the performance of the PEFC. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the gas and liquid flow in the PEFC and to control the liquid water behavior appropriately. Our research group applied the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for the two phase flow with high density ratio, considering the effect of wettability, and has carried out the analyses of gas and liquid water to propose optimal structures of the PEFC. Here, the LBM is a method to reproduce the macroscopic flow by considering fluid as an aggregate of a virtual particle and calculating those collisions and translation sequentially, and suitable for the two-phase flow simulation with complex boundary geometries. In this study, we simulated liquid water behavior inside of the GDL applying a low density ratio LBM with shorter computational time instead of the high density ratio model. It was confirmed that the effect of large density difference on the liquid water behavior is negligible because of the weak gas flow inside of the GDL. Using the LBM with low density ratio, we tried efficient large-scale analyses in the GDL to elucidate the effect of the GDL structure and wettability on the liquid water behavior inside of the GDL.
  • J056025 固体高分子形燃料電池に及ぼす触媒層構造の主要因子解析と実験評価
    小林 将矢, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会, 2012年, 日本語
    Because electron, proton, and oxygen are necessary for the cathode reaction in polymer electrolyte fuel cell, achieving the optimum structure of electrode catalyst layer and the efficient transport of the reactants is significantly effective to reduce the usage of Pt catalyst in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEFCs). In this paper, we estimated the major parameters such as the radius of the carbon agglomerate with polymer electrolyte and the thickness of the catalyst layer from structural observation of the fabricated CCM by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The polarization characteristics of the cell performance were calculated using an agglomerate model with the experimentally estimated parameters, and the simulation model was validated by comparing the simulated and experimental results. Then, we evaluated the effects of the major parameters such as the polymer electrolyte film thickness covering carbon agglomerates on the cell performance by the simulation, and present a new concept effective for reducing the identified major resistances such as the oxygen diffusion resistance in the polymer by controlling the film structure of polymer electrolyte.
  • D203 多孔体セパレータを有する固体高分子形燃料電池内の凝縮水挙動と性能特性(OS5 水素・燃料電池)
    本庄 佑次, 那須 拓哉, 近久 武美, 田部 豊
    動エネシンポ, 2012年, 日本語
    For improvement on performance of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), it is necessary to ensure appropriate management of reaction gas, generated water and temperature in the cell. In this study, we investigated possibilities of a structure without GDL and an internal cooling method in a PEFC with porous cathode separator experimentally. The results showed that the performance of a single cell without GDL decreases due to uneven contact and high contact resistance between the porous separator and the catalyst layer. It is considered that applying a micro porous layer to the interface of the porous cathode separator is effective for the improvement. It was also shown that the internal cooling method using evaporative latent heat has effects of not only cooling cell but also maintaining high humidity inside the cell even if humidity of supply gas is low.
  • D201 デッドエンド式自然給気型PEMFCにおける送風条件と凝縮水挙動(OS5 水素・燃料電池)
    糸見 宗志, 佐藤 大和, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2012年, 日本語
    As a smaller and lighter hydrogen PEFC, we adopted "Dead-end mode" and "Air-breathing" systems and tried to improve the cell performance with a small fan. In this paper, the effects of cathode air flow rate and cell temperature on the cell performance were investigated experimentally. It was shown that under low relative humidity conditions higher flow rate makes the CCM drier and causes dryout, but suppresses the increase in the cell temperature by the reaction heat. The increase in the cell temperature also induces dryout, so appropriate temperature management as well as water management by the small fan is important for stable high cell performance of this PEFC system.
  • C124 PEM水電解におけるMEA内部の水輸送現象の解析(OS5 水素・燃料電池)
    柏瀬 浩司, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2012年, 日本語
    This paper shows an analysis of water transport phenomena in MEA in PEM electrolysis cell. In previous study, it was shown that the change of water transport pattern in diffusion layer and catalyst layer doesn't affect performance and Nafion membrane may be directly related to performance. In this study, a numerical analysis to clarify the water transport phenomena in MEA based on the experimental data (the amount of discharged water from the cathode and the impedance) was developed. The result showed that the effect of osmotic force on the water transport through the MEA is far larger than that of diffusion force and water content in Nafion membrane may increase as current density increases.
  • 414 消費者選好モデルによる将来型家庭用エネルギー機器の普及分析(動力エネルギーシステム)
    大田 純, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2012年, 日本語
  • 413 拡張北海道産業連関表に基づく風力発電導入による雇用創出効果の推計(動力エネルギーシステム)
    青木 利憲, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2012年, 日本語
  • 412 自然給気型PEFCにおけるドライアウトおよびフラッデイング防止のための流路設計(熱工学III)
    本庄 佑次, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2012年, 日本語
  • 411 氷点下起動時のPEFC触媒層内における酸素輸送抵抗解析(熱工学III)
    山田 一樹, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2012年, 日本語
  • 410 多孔体セパレ一タを有するPEFCの高性能・簡易構造化に関する研究(熱工学III)
    佐藤 大樹, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2012年, 日本語
  • 408 レドックスフロー電池の充放電効率向上のための基礎研究(熱工学II)
    杉本 亮, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2012年, 日本語
  • 407 大容量蓄電池における内部移動現象解明のための基礎研究(熱工学II)
    門脇 翼, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2012年, 日本語
  • 204 トータルエンジンシミュレータのためのディーゼル燃焼モデルに関する研究(エンジンシステムI)
    三嶋 峻平, 鈴木 研悟, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2012年, 日本語
  • STUDY ON SIMPLE AND HIGH-SPEED DIESEL COMBUSTION MODEL FOR DRIVING MODE SIMULATOR AVAILABLE FOR PREMIXED AND DIFFUSION COMBUSTION OF SPRAYS
    Takemi Chikahisa, Yutaka Tabe, Kazushige Kikuta, A. S. M. Sayem
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME/JSME 8TH THERMAL ENGINEERING JOINT CONFERENCE 2011, VOL 2, 2011年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2011年 - 2011年, To design a diesel engine adapting to future exhaust gas regulation, it is important to develop a driving mode simulator which can simulate vehicle performance and exhaust emissions including after-treatment system. The combustion model for this objective must be able to simulate heat release rate, variety of emissions necessary for after-treatment simulation, and exhaust gas temperature in very short computational time. The authors have developed a diesel combustion model based on the Hiroyasu model by adding variety of modifications to minimize optimization process of the empirical constants. It was shown that the simulation results with the improvement model were in good agreement with the experimental results. By adding Tsurushima model consisting of nine reaction steps with several intermediate species, the model became available for the both combustions of spray diffusion flame and of homogeneous charge compression ignition..
  • MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION OF ICE DISTRIBUTION IN PEM FUEL CELL AT COLD START
    Yutaka Tabe, Masataka Saito, Ryosuke Ichikawa, Takemi Chikahisa
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME/JSME 8TH THERMAL ENGINEERING JOINT CONFERENCE 2011, VOL 2, 2011年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2011年 - 2011年, In Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEFCs), freezing of produced water induces the extreme deterioration of cell performance below zero. This phenomenon is a serious problem in cold regions and is needed to be solved to achieve the practical use of PEFCs. In this study, we investigated ice distribution at the cold start in a PEFC using an optical microscope and a CRYO-SEM to clarify the freezing mechanism. The observation results showed that the cold start at -10 degrees C makes ice at the interface between the cathode catalyst layer (CL) and the micro porous layer of gas diffusion layer Little ice was, however, observed in the cold start at -20 degrees C, which indicated the ice formation inside the CL. The CRYO-SEM observation was conducted at -20 degrees C to investigate the ice formation inside the CL, and this identified the effects of the current density and the cathode gas species on the ice distribution.
  • Study on simple and high-speed diesel combustion model with wall impingement
    Satoshi Sakaida, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    SAE Technical Papers, 2011年, 英語
    2011年 - 2011年, To design diesel engines adapted to future exhaust gas regulation, it would be advantageous to have a driving mode simulation for vehicle performance and exhaust emissions, including after-treatment systems. The combustion model for this objective must be able to simulate the engine performance in very short time. We have tried to develop such diesel engine combustion model by adding the improvements to the Hiroyasu model. In this paper, we detail the improvements that were added to this model and comparisons the calculated results by the improved model with experimental result. © Copyright 2011 Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc. and SAE International.
  • 611 炭酸ガス排出量抑制と国内投資額拡大のための日本の将来エネルギーシステム構成解析(熱工学I)
    中西 嵩裕, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2011年, 日本語
  • 610 格子ボルツマン法を用いた固体高分子形燃料電池内の凝縮水挙動解析(熱工学I)
    上條 隆治, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2011年, 日本語
  • 609 消費者選好モデルを用いた環境低負荷型機器の普及シナリオ解析(熱工学I)
    青山 祐介, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2011年, 日本語
  • 608 固体高分子形燃料電池に及ぼす触媒層構造の主要因子解析と実験評価(熱工学I)
    小林 将矢, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2011年, 日本語
  • 606 混合促進ジェットによるディーゼルエンジンのNOx低減効果解析(エンジンシステム)
    久保 多, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2011年, 日本語
  • G201 固体高分子形燃料電池内の凝縮水分布に及ぼすMPLの影響(OS5 水素・燃料電池)
    門脇 主将, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2011年, 日本語
    Micro Porous Layer (MPL) play an important role in the water management of PEFC, but details of the mechanism to suppress water flooding has not been fully understood. In this study, we investigated condensed water distribution at the interface between MPL and MEA to clarify the effect of MPL on discharge of produced water. Freezing method was applied to observe the distribution of the condensed water, and the distribution on the MEA surface was quantified by a binary image processing. The results indicated less amount of condensed water distribution on the MEA surface in the case of GDL with MPL than in the case of GDL without MPL. Next, comparing normal operation with start-up temperature -10℃, there is large amount of condensed water on the MEA surface after operation at -10℃. Based on these results, the MPL has a role to prevent accumulated water on the surface of MEA, and suppresses water flooding. In operation at -10℃, generated water which becomes supercooled water freezes at the interface between MEA and MPL, and large ice agglomerates are generated on the surface of MEA.
  • H101 炭酸ガス排出抑制と国内経済活性化のための日本の将来エネルギーシステム構成解析(OS11 温暖化対策とCO_2削減技術)
    田部 豊, 黒川 真伍, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2011年, 日本語
    Long-term change of energy system structure in Japan was analyzed to investigate the effect of CO_2 emission reduction level using MARKAL model. The MARKAL is composed of energy resources, energy supply technologies, energy ultimate demand technologies and energy service demands with them connected by energy carriers. This paper presents analyses investigating the CO_2 reduction cost and the energy structure change until 2050. Here, we focused on the domestic investment to reduce CO_2 emission. It was shown that the CO_2 reduction until 40% level promotes the energy conversion from coal to natural gas and it causes the increase in total cost of the imported fuel. The higher CO_2 reduction, however, increases the domestic investment for low-emission vehicles, photovoltaic power generation and so on, and decreases the outward investment, although the total CO_2 reduction cost is increased. This contributes to the revitalization of Japanese economy, together with the reduction of outward investment.
  • G115 氷点下起動時におけるPEFC内凍結現象が常温復帰運転に及ぼす影響(OS5 水素・燃料電池)
    市川 亮輔, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2011年, 日本語
    In PEM fuel cell below zero, freezing under the cold start sometimes causes a deterioration of cell performance in normal operation. In particular, this phenomenon is especially prominent after the -10℃ start than after the -20℃ that. This is because the ice formed at the interface between the cathode catalyst layer and GDL at the -10℃ start. This paper focused on the effect of current density and tightening pressure of the cell, and investigated the mechanism of the -10℃ start effect on normal operation. The results showed that the performance deterioration is large as current density at the -10℃ start is small. This phenomenon became prominent in case of small tightening pressure of the cell because of wide ice formation on the catalyst layer surface.
  • G114 デッドエンド式自然給気型燃料電池の両極における凝縮水影響(OS5 水素・燃料電池)
    佐藤 大和, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2011年, 日本語
    The methods for smaller and lighter PEFC systems include "Dead-end mode" and "Air-breathing". However, it is difficult to discharge water, and PEFC systems using these methods have agenda that they make it easier to flood. In this paper, we investigated the effect of condensed water on the cell performance experimentally. Shorter operation time and more condensed water were observed at higher relative humidity (RH) and higher current density (0.3A/cm^2) condition than at lower RH and lower current density (0.2A/cm^2). At lower RH and lower current density, it was confirmed that the causes of shutdown are flooding by the condensed water on the channel bottoms at the cathode side and the water on the GDL surface at the anode side. We were able to prevent the cathode flooding by continuous removal of the accumulated water and the anode flooding by less-frequent hydrogen purge.
  • D215 GaAs単結晶成長に及ぼす融液流動および温度分布の影響(OS-2:複合対流)
    木村 恵敬, 田部 豊, 近久 武美, 二口 尚樹
    熱工学コンファレンス, 2011年, 日本語
    2D computer simulation assists in the decision of growth parameters to reduce the crystal defects of GaAs crystal in liquid encapsulated Czochralski (LEC) method. In this paper, we numerically investigated the reason why the 450mm-long crystal has more crystal defects than the 350mm-long crystal by comparing heat exchange, temperature distribution and velocity vector in the source melt at several stage of the growth. The simulation results indicated that large heat release from crystal and small heat release from crucible bottom are advantageous to the crystal growth with few defects. It is also necessary that forced convection and natural convection of GaAs melt is delicately controlled by the crucible rotation rate and the temperature distribution.
  • LIQUID WATER AND GAS FLOW SIMULATION IN A CHANNEL OF PEM FUEL CELS USING THE LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD
    Ben Salah Yasser, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUEL CELL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY 2010, VOL 1, 2010年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2010年 - 2010年, In a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell, the condensed water in the gas channel prevents the supply of reactants to electrodes, which deteriorates the cell performance. The Lattice Boltzmann simulation has been conducted to understand the behavior of condensed water in the gas channels. The scheme of the two-phase flow with large density difference was applied to find the optimum gas channel design. The present simulation demonstrates the effect of the cross-sectional shape, the droplet initial position, droplet volume and the air flow velocity for a hydrophobic gas channel. Introducing a new dimensionless parameter, which is the pump work needed to remove the droplet from the gas channel, we investigate the effect of each parameter on the drain performance of a PEM fuel cell's gas channel.
  • PERFORMANCE AND LIQUID WATER DISTRIBUTION IN PEFCs WITH DIFFERENT ANISOTROPIC FIBER DIRECTIONS OF THE GDL
    Kyaw Swar Soe Naing, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2010, VOL 5, 2010年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2010年 - 2010年, To maintain proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEFC) at high efficiencies without flooding, it is necessary to control the liquid water transport in the gas diffusion layer (GDL). This experimental study investigates the effects of the GDL fiber direction on the cell performance using an anisotropic GDL. The results of the experiments showed that the efficiency of the cell was much better when the fiber direction was perpendicular to the channel direction, and that the cell with perpendicular fibers was more tolerant to flooding than the cell with fibers parallel to the channel. To determine the mechanism that gives rise to the fiber direction effects, the liquid water behavior in the channel was observed through a glass window on the cathode side. Additionally, a small cell with a 2 cm(2) active area was made, to investigate the water distribution inside the GDL by freezing the water and observing the ice distribution. These ice pictures showed that reactions are more active under channels than under ribs. This is because the accumulated water prevents reaction under the ribs, and indicates the importance of water removal from the rib zones.
  • 416 小型ディーゼル機関用高速簡易燃焼モデルに関する研究(動力エネルギーシステム・エンジンシステム)
    境田 悟志, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2010年, 日本語
  • 415 ディーゼル機関内におけるNOx生成に及ぼす乱れ影響に関する実験研究(動力エネルギーシステム・エンジンシステム)
    朱 前進, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2010年, 日本語
  • 414 氷点下起動時におけるPEFC内凍結現象に関する研究(動力エネルギーシステム・エンジンシステム)
    市川 亮輔, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2010年, 日本語
  • 413 自然給気型燃料電池における電解質膜水分特性変化と水管理(動力エネルギーシステム・エンジンシステム)
    佐藤 大和, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2010年, 日本語
  • 307 多孔体セパレータを有する固体高分子形燃料電池の性能特性に関する研究(熱工学I)
    那須 拓哉, 森岡 怜史, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2010年, 日本語
  • 113 北海道における最適エネルギー構成解析のためのMARKALモデル用データベースの構築(熱工学II)
    難波 陵二, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2010年, 日本語
  • 112 GaAs単結晶成長に及ぼす融液流動および温度分布の影響(熱工学II)
    木村 恵敬, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2010年, 日本語
  • 111 PEFC内の凝縮水移動現象におよぼすMPLの影響(熱工学II)
    門脇 主将, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2010年, 日本語
  • D204 固体高分子形燃料電池の氷点下起動影響と電池内凍結現象の観察(OS4 水素・燃料電池),動力エネルギーシステム部門20周年,次の20年への新展開)
    難波 陵二, 齋藤 正尭, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2010年, 日本語
    In PEM Fuel Cell below zero, freezing under cold start sometimes causes a temporal deterioration of cell performance in normal temperature operation. This paper investigates the mechanisms of the cold start effect on operation at normal temperature and the ice fomation in catalyst layer. The observation was performed after the cell at the freezing temperature. The results showed that the performance deterioration is caused by the ice formed at the interface between the catalyst layer and GDL, and the control of the ice amount is important to prevent depression. Cryo-SEM observation showed that there is ice in the catalyst layer, which causes the shut down, and the distribution of formed ice is affected by the operation condition.
  • D203 多孔体セパレータを有する固体高分子形燃料電池の性能特性に関する研究(OS4 水素・燃料電池),動力エネルギーシステム部門20周年,次の20年への新展開)
    那須 拓哉, 森岡 怜史, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2010年, 日本語
    This study conducted perfomance evaluation of single cell with porous cathode separataor. The direct observation of the porous separator cross-section and the impedance spectra were applied. The observation showed that the porous separator is superior in the drainage performance from the GDL surface, and the hydrophily of separator fiber is important for the performance. The results of impedance spectra indicated that the porous separator is superior to the serpentine separator in the supply of reactant gas.
  • 307 多孔体セパレータを有するPEFC内部現象の数値解析(OS3. ナノ・マイクロ熱流動現象(2),オーガナイズドセッション講演)
    下館 拓也, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    計算力学講演会, 2010年, 日本語
  • 306 格子ボルツマン法によるPEFC内におけるガス拡散層内気液二相流動シミュレーション(OS3. ナノ・マイクロ熱流動現象(2),オーガナイズドセッション講演)
    佐々木 隆行, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    計算力学講演会, 2010年, 日本語
  • J0802-1-5 多孔体を用いたPEM形電気分解セルによる水素生成効率向上に関する研究([J0802-1]PEFC)
    柏瀬 浩司, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会, 2010年, 日本語
    This paper shows the experimental result of hydrogen generation efficiency by PEM electrolysis. The straight channel and titanium porous body were compared in performance. The following possibilities were shown by the experimental result: (1) The efficiency rises with increasing of temperature. (2) The porous body gave higher performance than the straight channel. (3) Cell performance deteriorated in repeating operation at relatively low current density, partially due to dry out.
  • J0802-1-1 EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF GAS FLOW IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL
    シャハ リタンクマー, 大島 伸行, 田部 豊, 栗原 央流
    年次大会, 2010年, 英語
    In this study, the deformation effect of gas diffusion layer (GDL) on the pressure drop of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) separator channel has been investigated both numerically and experimentally. Gas channel and gas diffusion layers are regarded as two important parts of PEFC because they transport reactant gases to the catalyst layer and also byproduct from the catalyst layer. The deformation of GDL caused by the compression pressure plays an important role in the performance of PEFC since it affects the physical properties of the GDL, such as porosity, permeability and the cross sectional area of the gas channel. The flow behavior in the separator channel and GDL of PEFC has been investigated by using a transient, isothermal and three-dimensional numerical model. To develop the numerical simulation of PEFC, verification experiments and data acquisition of physical parameters were conducted by mechanical measurements.
  • Special Issue on the 7th JSME-KSME Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference Preface
    Takemi Chikahisa, Kazuhiko Kudo, Katsunori Hanamura, Yutaka Tabe
    JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2009年, JAPAN SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2009年 - 2009年
  • J0601-3-2 Liquid Water and Gas Flow Simulation in a Channel of PEM Fuel Cells Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method
    Yasser Ben Salah, Tabe Yutaka, Chikahisa Takemi
    年次大会講演論文集, 2009年, 一般社団法人日本機械学会, 英語
    2009年 - 2009年, Numerical simulations using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) are developed to elucidate the dynamic behavior of condensed water and gas flow in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Water management is essential to improve the performance of PEM fuel cells. Since it is difficult to investigate experimentally the liquid water behavior, we applied the lattice Boltzmann method for incompressible two-phase flow with large density difference and evaluate the liquid behavior in gas flow channels in a PEM fuel cell. In this paper, the effects of droplet position, air flow velocity and volume of liquid water droplet on the drain behavior and the efficiency were examined.
  • 514 PEFCにおける複雑繊維構造内液滴挙動のLBMシミュレーション(熱工学II)
    佐々木 隆行, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2009年, 日本語
  • 513 PEFC電圧特性に及ぼす触媒層構造因子の主幹影響評価(熱工学II)
    西野 昌芳, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2009年, 日本語
  • 512 PEFC用三次元数値シミュレーションコードの実験比較評価(熱工学II)
    下舘 拓也, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2009年, 日本語
  • 511 MARKALモデルを用いた日本の住宅用エネルギー機器の長期構成変化解析(熱工学II)
    黒川 真伍, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2009年, 日本語
  • E132 半導体製造プロセスのための高沸点有機溶媒気化器に関する研究(熱物性III)
    宮田 典亜, 菊田 和重, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    熱工学コンファレンス, 2009年, 日本語
    The phenomenon in the vaporizer for low volatile organic solvent is analyzed and the performances of the two types of vaporizer are evaluated. The numerical simulation shows that the vaporizer using a two-fluid nozzle cannot fully utilize the tube space because of the strong penetration characteristic and the low adjusting capability of the flow pattern. The vaporizer with ultrasonic nozzle and gas inlets is presented to avoid the disadvantages above. It is demonstrated that the ultrasonic nozzle type can achieve more than 6 times particle residence time as compared with the two-fluid nozzle type and it can be applied for the evaporator of the low volatile organic solvents.
  • D206 日本のエネルギー構成に関する長期CO_2排出シナリオ解析(OS12 温暖化対策とCO2削減技術)
    田部 豊, 鵜野 幸太, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2009年, 日本語
    Long-term CO_2 emission analyses on the energy structure in Japan were conducted using the MARKAL. The MARKAL model is one of analysis tools to evaluate the long-term change of energy system in a country, and is composed of energy resources, energy supply technologies, energy ultimate demand technologies and energy service demands with them connected by energy carriers. This paper presents the analyses investigating energy structure at house and effects of CO_2 capture and storage (CCS) until 2050. It was shown that the usage of electricity and gas is strongly affected by the investment costs, and the large reduction is needed for CGS widespread use. The results also showed that the CCS is effective in the case that the installed capacity of nuclear power plant, and the effective capture of CO_2 reduces the social costs for the reduction of CO_2 emission.
  • F102 異方性ガス拡散層を持つPEFCの性能および凝縮水分布解析(OS5 水素・燃料電池)
    スーナイ ジョースワ, 菊田 和重, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動エネシンポ, 2009年, 英語
  • J0601-3-1 高密度比格子ボルツマン法によるPEM燃料電池多孔質体内の気液流動シミュレーション(PEFC内の凝縮水挙動)
    田部 豊, 李 勇往, ヤッサー ベンサラー, 近久 武美
    年次大会, 2009年, 日本語
    The simulation using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been developed to understand the behavior of liquid water and gas flow in porous media of PEM fuel cells. The original LBM code was parallelized and a increase in solving speed of the Poisson equation was made by the conjugate gradient (CG) method for the large-scale simulation. Some validation calculations were conducted and the rate of speeding up was verified. Using the parallelized LBM code with the CG method, the behavior of liquid water in a gas diffusion layer was simulated and the applicability of our code to two-phase simulation in a porous medium of PEM fuel cells are presented.
  • High-speed diesel combustion model for transient simulation of after-treatment systems
    Kazushige Kikuta, Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa, Yusuke Takashima
    Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Modeling and Diagnostics for Advanced Engine Systems, COMODIA 2008, 2008年12月01日
    2008年12月01日 - 2008年12月01日, To design diesel engines adapted to future exhaust gas regulations, it would be advantageout to have a driving mode simulator for vehicle performance and exhaust emissions, including after-treatment systems. A driving mode simulator with simple and high-speed calculation characteristics was developed with a diesel combustion model based on the Hiroyasu model. In the air entrainment model this report adds the effect of the air entrainment due to turbulent flow in a cylinder, and in the ignition delay model we considered the partial pressure of oxygen for better fitting the EGR effect. To simulate premixed compression ignition engines, the Schreiber's reduced kinetic model for ignition and combustion was also included. Arrhenius parameters for the rate constants were modified to fit the ignition delay. As a result it was possible to simulate low-temperature oxidation and the main combustion. The paper details the modifications and demonstrates the usefulness of the modified model by comparisons with experimental results. Copyright © 2008 by the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers.
  • 2121 白金高効率利用のための固体高分子形燃料電池3相界面モデルに関する研究(J17-3 燃料電池(3) 固体高分子形燃料電池,ジョイントセッション,21世紀地球環境革命の機械工学:人・マイクロナノ・エネルギー・環境)
    高松 宏行, 田部 豊, 菊田 和重, 近久 武美
    年次大会講演論文集 : JSME annual meeting, 2008年08月02日, 日本語
    To decrease the usage of the Pt catalyst in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), optimization of catalyst layer structure and three-phase zone is one of key issues. In this study, numerical simulation was conducted to investigate the relation between the structure of cathode catalyst layer and cell performance (over voltage and current density). From the calculation results, suitable structures, porosity and polymer electrolyte thickness, for gas diffusion and proton conduction were clarified.
  • 2302 ディーゼル機関内混合制御によるNOx低減のための効果解析(S25 エンジンの排気浄化・後処理,21世紀地球環境革命の機械工学:人・マイクロナノ・エネルギー・環境)
    柏瀬 浩司, 菊田 和重, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会講演論文集 : JSME annual meeting, 2008年08月02日, 日本語
    Experiment and numerical simulation indicated that the large NOx formation in diesel engine is due to the weak mixing intensity in the spray tip region, where the flow and turbulence structure is quite different from the continuous jet flames. The fact indicates that there is a possibility of reducing NOx from diesel engines by enhancing mixing intensity at the spray tip region to the level of continuous jet flame. This paper presents the analysis of NOx formation in diesel engines using HTB-DECS to confirm the effect of pre-shock jet. This analysis performed by changing the magnitude and/o...
  • F105 固体高分子形燃料電池における多孔質ガス流路の検討(OS-5 水素・燃料電池(1),一般講演,地球温暖化防止と動力エネルギー技術)
    小境 正也, 奥澤 務, 佐竹 弘之, 高橋 宏, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動力・エネルギー技術の最前線講演論文集 : シンポジウム, 2008年06月18日, 日本語
    High power density enhances polymer electrolyte fuel cell with widely varied applications. Our investigation focused on the refinement of the reactant gas flow field at the bipolar plate in order to increase the fuel cell performance. Applying a porous material to the reactant gas flow field is one possible method. Expected advantages of a porous flow field are an increase in reactant gas diffusivity and electron conductivity allover the electrode. An investigation was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of a porous flow field. The Lattice Boltzman simulation indicated that surface wett...
  • F104 PEFC内気液流動および性能に及ぼすガス拡散層特性の影響(OS-5 水素・燃料電池(1),一般講演,地球温暖化防止と動力エネルギー技術)
    山下 浩平, 菊田 和重, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    動力・エネルギー技術の最前線講演論文集 : シンポジウム, 2008年06月18日, 日本語
    To maintain the high performance in PEFC, water management which keep an electrolyte film to the adequate wet is necessary. The gas diffusion layer (GDL) fulfils large role in it. In this study cell characteristics was tested using GDL with various characteristics. As a result it was showed that the rigidity was necessary for GDL to keep the contact resistance stably low. In GDL with the same carbon-fiber direction, the difference of the cell performance occurred by changing the channel direction. It was thought that the gas diffusion under the separator rib was changed, because the differe...
  • F101 PEFC数値解析のための検証実験と電気化学測定によるフラッディング現象解析(OS-5 水素・燃料電池(1),一般講演,地球温暖化防止と動力エネルギー技術)
    齋藤 正尭, 田部 豊, 菊田 和重, 近久 武美
    動力・エネルギー技術の最前線講演論文集 : シンポジウム, 2008年06月18日, 日本語
    To develop the numerical simulation of PEM fuel cell, verification experiments and data acquisition of physical parameters were conducted by mechanical and electrochemical measurements. The mechanical measurement showed that the GDL deformation due to clamping by separator lands is important phenomenon to estimate an actual flow in the cell, and the unique deformation behavior of GDL with fabric construction was clarified. From the electrochemical measurement, the methods to acquire the parameters used in the simulation, proton conductivity σ_m, electrochemically active Pt area a, exchange ...
  • 消費者の車両選好モデルに基づいた日本および中国の将来自動車構成とCO_2排出量解析
    瀬野 堅司, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    エネルギーシステム・経済・環境コンファレンス講演論文集 = Proceedings of the ... Conference on Energy, Economy, and Environment, 2008年01月30日, 日本語
  • EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF AIR FLOW EFFECT IN GAS DIFFUSION LAYER ON PEM FUEL CELL PERFORMANCE
    Yutaka Tabe, Daisuke Yoshida, Kazushige Kikuta, Takemi Chikahisa, Masaya Kozakai
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUEL CELL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY - 2008, 2008年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2008年 - 2008年, This paper investigated the effects of gas and liquid water flow on the performance of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell using cells to allow direct observation of the phenomena in the cell and measurements of the local current density and the local pressure loss. The experimental results to compare the separator type indicated the effect of cross-over flow in the gas diffusion layer (GDL) under the lands of serpentine separators on cell performance and the potential of straight channel separator to achieve a relatively-uniform current density distribution. To evaluate the crossover flow under the land of serpentine separators, a simple circuit model of the gas flow was developed. This analysis showed that slight variations in oxygen concentration caused by the cross-over flow under the land affect the local and overall current density distributions. It was also shown that the establishment of gas paths in the deep layer of GDL by the channels filled with condensed water is effective for stable operation at low flow rates of air in the straight channels.
  • G211 将来型コジェネレーション・ヒートポンプシステムの炭酸ガス排出量解析(空調)
    スーナイ ジョースワ, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    熱工学コンファレンス講演論文集, 2007年11月23日, 英語
    This paper analyzes the effectiveness of CGS for the CO_2 and cost reductions in the prospective distributed energy system, which is a future type system using heat pump for heating instead of boiler. The CGS effectiveness in different building types and regions are discussed, where COP dependencies on the ambient temperature and demands of heating or cooling are considered. The results show that CO_2 reduction effect of CGS in the prospective system is lower than that in the conventional system but the cost reduction effect is higher. It was also shown that the prospective CGS is more adva...
  • OS5-4 PEFC内気液流動特性とその電流密度分布および電池性能に及ぼす影響(OS5 水素・燃料電池,循環型社会における動力エネルギー技術)
    吉田 大輪, 安田 陽介, 田部 豊, 菊田 和重, 近久 武美, 小境 正也
    動力・エネルギー技術の最前線講演論文集 : シンポジウム, 2007年06月13日, 日本語
    The objective of this paper is to observe water production behavior inside of the cell and to analyze its effect on current distributions over the reaction area. A fuel cell was made to allow direct observation of the phenomena in cathode side and local current density measurement in anode side. The experimental results showed that the cell performance and current density distribution of air operation is strongly affected by the condensed water compared with those of O_2 operation, although the drainage of air operation is superior. It was also shown from the comparison experiments of separ...
  • シベリア森林火災モデルを用いた将来の炭酸ガス収支予測と制御法評価
    嘉数 啓, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    エネルギーシステム・経済・環境コンファレンス講演論文集 = Proceedings of the ... Conference on Energy, Economy, and Environment, 2007年01月25日, 日本語
  • Numerical simulation of liquid water and air flow in separator-channels in PEM fuel cell using LBM
    Yutaka Tabe, Kohsuke Kibo, Kazushige Kikuta, Takemi Chikahisa, Masaya Kozakai
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME/JSME THERMAL ENGINEERING SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE 2007, VOL 2, 2007年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2007年 - 2007年, In a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell, the condensed water in the separator-channel prevents the supply of reactants to electrodes, which deteriorates the cell performance. The Lattice Boltzmann simulation has been developed to understand the behavior of condensed water in the separator-channels. The calculation process was improved, and the effect on the stability and reliability of simulation of two-phase flows with large density difference was confirmed. Further, the comparison with experiment of the falling water droplet by gravitation on the slope of micro porous layer was conducted to validate effectiveness of the improved simulation. It was shown that the simulation can express the increase in falling speed of water droplet and the effect of inclined angle of the slope, and our simulation is effective enough to estimate the liquid water and air flow in the separator-channel. Finally, the simulation of liquid water behaviors in separator-channels with various cross-sectional shapes was conducted, and the drain efficiency of water droplet of separator-channel was discussed.
  • Basic study and engine trial on diesel NOx reduction by controlling mixing
    Yutaka Tabe, Takemi Chikahisa
    SAE Technical Papers, 2007年, 英語
    2007年 - 2007年, This paper investigates the effect of enhancing mixing of spray tip region on NOx reduction from diesel engines. The concept is based on the fact that dominant part of NOx formation is the flame tip region with weak mixing intensity. Two methods to realize our concept were attempted in a constant volume combustion bomb and in an actual diesel engine. One is the two-stage injection and another is the method with a jet created by combustion of premixed charge in a turbulence cell. The paper presents results of variety trials of experiment, and it discusses necessary means to achieve the concept. Copyright © 2007 Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc.
  • 107 白金高効率利用のための固体高分子形燃料電池3相界面モデルに関する研究(熱工学(2))
    高松 宏行, 田部 豊, 菊田 和重, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2007年, 日本語
  • 108 格子ボルツマン法による燃料電池内凝縮水挙動シミュレーション(熱工学(2))
    李 勇柱, 木保 康介, 田部 豊, 菊田 和重, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2007年, 日本語
  • 511 走行モードシミュレータのための簡易高速ディーゼル燃焼モデルに関する研究(エンジンシステム)
    高嶋 祐介, 近久 武美, 田部 豊, 菊田 和重
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2007年, 日本語
  • 513 シベリア森林火災モデルを用いた将来の炭酸ガス収支予測と制御法評価(環境工学)
    鵜野 幸太, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2007年, 日本語
  • B141 発電所効率に対する民生用分散電源の有効性解析(分散エネルギーシステムにおける要素技術とその集積化4)
    スーナイ ジョースワ, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    熱工学コンファレンス講演論文集, 2006年11月23日, 英語
    This paper analyzes CGS effectiveness for the CO_2 reduction, and the effects of use of heat pump for heating were investigated at various power plant efficiencies and the COP of heat pump. In the next-generation, it is essential to apply the system with heat pump for heating instead of boiler. The calculation results show that CGS benefit for CO_2 emission is strongly affected by the COP of heat pump and the electric efficiency of CGS is needed to be close to that of power plant efficiency to have a beneficial effect in the prospective system with heat pump. The electrical efficiency of CG...
  • 4406 コジェネレーションの住宅戸別設置における需要変動影響とその改善システム(J11-1 コージェネ,マイクログリッド,J11 小型・分散エネルギー技術)
    田部 豊, 岩佐 能孝, 近久 武美
    年次大会講演論文集 : JSME annual meeting, 2006年09月15日, 日本語
    This paper analyzes primary energy reduction effect of cogeneration system (CGS) installed at individual house with large demand fluctuation, and discusses its improved system. The start-stop operation considering the start-up energy of CGS and heat radiation of thermal storage unit was proposed as a better operation method of CGS installed at individual house. It was shown from the analysis using the actual energy demand pattern of six houses that the start-stop operation is available and electricity network has mitigation effect of large demand fluctuation to increase the primary energy r...
  • 4710 実機を用いた混合拡散制御によるディーゼルNO_x低減実験(S56-2 エンジン燃焼-さらなる進化を目指して-(2),S56 エンジン燃焼-さらなる進化を目指して-)
    大津 翔, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会講演論文集 : JSME annual meeting, 2006年09月15日, 日本語
    This paper presents results of two different trials to reduce NO_x from diesel engines: one is pre-shock injection method and the other is the method with pre-shock jet created by using premixed charge combustion. The both concepts are based on the fact that dominant part of NO_x formation is the area close to the spray tip, where mixing intensity is weak. The mixing intensity of this area is to be maintained high by the two methods. The result shows reasonable effect for the reduction of NO_x, but the extent was not as significant as expected. It was found that the pre-shock jet was not re...
  • STUDY ON FREEZING PHENOMENA IN PEM FUEL CELL BELOW FREEZING　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    Tabe, Y, Nakamiya, H, Kikuta, K, Chikahisa, T, Kagami, F, Yoshizawa, K
    Proceedings of 13th International Heat Transfer Conference, 2006年, 英語
    2006年 - 2006年
  • Measurement of water production phenomena, temperature, and current density distributions in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell
    Takemi Chikahisa, Yutaka Tabe, Kazushige Kikuta, Naofumi Nohara, Hideki Shinohara
    Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering, and Technology, Pts A and B, 2006年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2006年 - 2006年, This paper observes phenomena related to water production behavior inside a fuel cell and analyzes the effect on the current and temperature distribution across the reaction area. A fuel cell permitting direct observation of the phenomena in the cell, 2-D temperature measurements in the cathode channels, and local current density measurements on the anode side was manufactured. The experimental results showed the production and flow of liquid water in the cell, and there were good correlations among the distributions of current density, temperature, and water amounts in the channels. The behavior of current, voltage, water distribution, and pressure differences in the cathode channels were used to hypothesize about the possibility of gas paths deep in the gas diffusion layer in the flooded condition and a positive feedback mechanism in the drying-out condition.
  • 高速トータルエンジンシミュレーションのための燃焼モデル開発　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    荒戸景太, 近久武美, 田部豊, 菊田和重, 金子友海, 港明彦, 島崎直基
    自動車技術会学術講演会前刷集, 2006年
    2006年 - 2006年
  • Future vehicle composition structures and CO2 emissions based on automobile selection model for consumers
    T Chikahisa, Y Tabe, M Yamauchi
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND IASTED INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL FIELD, 2006年, ACTA PRESS, 英語
    2006年 - 2006年, Increases in CO2 emissions from vehicles is a major concern in automotive societies, and a variety of car types offering lower CO2 emissions, hybrid cars, natural gas cars, electric cars, and cars with fuel-cell, are being investigated intensively. However the level of performance and cost that must be achieved for future cars to be acceptable in the market and the percentage of cars that must be replaced for the protection of the environment is not clear. This paper investigates future market growth of low-emission vehicles and analyzes CO2 emission changes for passenger cars in Japan, England, and the United States. A consumer model for selecting vehicles, which was established in the previous report, was calibrated with statistical data from each of the countries. The results of the analysis shows that England has the highest potential for reducing CO2 emissions among these countries, but that this is stili insufficient to accomplish the Kyoto protocol requirements. Market shares of low emission vehicles are similar in Japan and England, and hybrid cars appear to be able to reach a substantial shares in 10 years, while the share of fuel cell powered cars will be very small. The critical cost for fuel eel I powered cars to gain a 10% share in 2015 is shown for the three countries.
  • 515 シベリア森林火災モデルの検証と将来の火災増加が炭酸ガス収支に及ぼす影響(環境工学)
    嘉数 啓, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2006年, 日本語
  • 509 燃料電池セパレータ内液滴挙動のLBM数値シミュレーション(熱工学(2))
    木保 康介, 田部 豊, 菊田 和重, 近久 武美
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2006年, 日本語
  • G121 自然給気無加湿燃料電池のドライアウト条件(一般セッション 燃料電池II)
    朴 相均, 菊田 和重, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    熱工学コンファレンス講演論文集, 2005年11月02日, 日本語
    This study investigates drying condition for the case when a small fan is added to a free-breathing proton electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) operating with dry H_2 and air. Polarization tests were conducted on PEMFCs at cell temperatures between 30 and 50℃. The result shows that the cell performance strongly depends on the cell temperature and the stoichiometric flow-rates of cathode gas. The cell performance increases as cell temperature decreases from 50 to 30℃. In the condition where the air flow-rate is quite large, internal resistance increases due to the progress of drying, but i...
  • 3619 氷点下起動時における固体高分子形燃料電池内凍結現象に関する研究(G08-1 燃料電池,G08 動力エネルギーシステム)
    中宮 弘満, 菊田 和重, 田部 豊, 近久 武美, 各務 文雄, 吉澤 幸大
    年次大会講演論文集 : JSME annual meeting, 2005年09月18日, 日本語
    In PEFC at low temperature, the freezing of produced water induces the extreme deterioration of cell performance. The characteristics of start-up below freezing in a wide variety of current densities was investigated and the cell impedance measurements was conducted to clarify the freezing phenomenon in PEFC. It was confirmed that the characteristics can be related to the amount of produced water and the rise in cell temperature by reaction. It was also showed that increase of reaction resistance, which was considered to be mainly due to increase gas transfer resistance, has much effect on ...
  • 3618 固体高分子形燃料電池内現象の可視化と電流密度分布の同時計測(G08-1 燃料電池,G08 動力エネルギーシステム)
    野原 尚史, 菊田 和重, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    年次大会講演論文集 : JSME annual meeting, 2005年09月18日, 日本語
    A fuel cell was made to allow direct observation of the phenomena in the cell, 2-D temperature measurement in cathode channels, and local current density measurements in anode side. The experimental results showed good correlation among direct view in the cell, temperature distribution and local current density. The experiment indicates transition phenomena of dry out and flooding depending on the flow and current conditions. The results suggests the possibility of different current density distribution for the same experimental conditions depending on the previous MEA condition history.
  • 436 コジェネレーションシステムの炭酸ガス・コスト削減効果のマッピング手法(エネルギーマネジメントおよびCGS I,環境保全型エネルギー技術)
    岩佐 能孝, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    環境工学総合シンポジウム講演論文集, 2005年07月06日, 日本語
    This paper presents mapping method to show characteristics of cogeneration systems (CGS) for the reduction of carbon dioxide emission and economy. In this method, effects of CGS can be consolidated into rated reduction ratio, relative reduction ratio map, demand repetition map and weight map. By lapping these maps, it can be easy to evaluate compatibility with each building types and optimal installed capacity. Analyzed charts are useful to evaluate quantitative effects of CGS for various areas and price rates of electric/gas from average annual demand of electricity and heat.
  • 327 シベリア森林火災のモデリングと将来の炭酸ガス収支に対する火災影響(環境数値シミュレーション,大気・水保全技術)
    近久 武美, 田部 豊, 川口 肇
    環境工学総合シンポジウム講演論文集, 2005年07月06日, 日本語
    Forest in Siberia plays important role for absorbing carbon dioxide. However, resent increase in forest fires, due to both human negligence and global warming, appears to cause significant damage on the forest. The present research tries to establish simulation model, which enables to predict forest fire effect over thousand years, and to evaluate the effects of forest fire on long term balance of CO_2 in Siberia. The result of the analysis shows that the major factor affecting on long-term forest area is the probability of fire extension and the number of fires in a year would not make app...
  • シベリア森林火災モデルの検証と、炭酸ガス収支に対する火災増加の将来影響評価
    川口 肇, 田部 豊, 近久 武美
    エネルギーシステム・経済・環境コンファレンス講演論文集 = Proceedings of the ... Conference on Energy, Economy, and Environment, 2005年01月26日, 日本語
  • Numerical simulation of liquid water behavior in separator-channels in PEMFC using LBM
    Yutaka Tabe, Takamichi Ochi, Kazushige Kikuta, Takemi Chikahisa, Hideki Shinohara
    Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering, and Technology, 2005年, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 英語
    2005年 - 2005年, In a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, the condensed water in the separator-channel prevents the supply of reactants to electrodes, which deteriorates the cell performance. The Lattice Boltzmann simulation has been conducted to understand the behavior of condensed water in the separator-channels. The scheme for the two-phase flow with large density difference was applied and the boundary condition for wettability at the corner inside the channel was examined. The present simulation demonstrates the effects of the cross-sectional shape, the wettability of channel and the volume of condensed water on the liquid water behavior. In the hydrophilic separator-channels, the liquid water spreads along the channel wall to form film and, in a specific condition, the water draws away from the gas diffusion layer, which suppresses the flooding. On the other hand, the liquid water forms sphere, covering larger area of the surface of gas diffusion layer in the hydrophobic separator-channels, but the drain performance of liquid water is superior.
  • 411 混合拡散制御によるディーゼル噴霧火炎のNOx低減に関する研究(エンジンシステム(2))
    大津 翔, 近久 武美, 田部 豊
    北海道支部講演会講演概要集, 2005年, 日本語
  • Formation of liquid CO2 droplets and jets with deformation and growth of hydrate film　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    S Hirai, R Takamatsu, Y Tabe, K Suzuki, K Okazaki
    GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, 2001年, 英語
    2001年 - 2001年
  • Advanced CO2 ocean dissolution technology for longer term sequestration with minimum biological impacts　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    S Hirai, Y Tabe, G Tanaka, K Okazaki
    GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, 1999年, 英語
    1999年 - 1999年
  • Measurement of clathrate-hydrate film thickness formed at the interface between liquid CO2 and water　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    Y Tabe, S Hirai, K Okazaki
    GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, 1999年, 英語
    1999年 - 1999年

所属学協会

  • The Electrochemical Society　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
  • エネルギー・資源学会　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
  • 自動車技術会　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
  • 日本伝熱学会　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
  • 日本機械学会　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題

  • PEM燃料電池内の界面凝縮水制御による高出力化と運転温度拡大
    科学研究費助成事業
    2024年04月01日 - 2027年03月31日
    田部 豊, 植村 豪, 青山 祐介
    日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 24K00811
  • リチウム空気電池の高効率酸素輸送と高出力化を実現するIonomer被覆電極の構築
    科学研究費助成事業
    2024年04月01日 - 2027年03月31日
    植村 豪, 田部 豊, 青山 祐介
    日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 24K00812
  • リチウム空気電池内電解液濡れ現象のCryo-SEM観察と高性能電極構造の解明　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(B))
    2021年 - 2023年
    植村 豪, 田部 豊
    文部科学省, 研究分担者
  • PEM燃料電池の高出力化のためのマルチスケール水・酸素輸送促進　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(B))
    2021年 - 2023年
    田部 豊, 植村 豪, 境田 悟志
    文部科学省, 研究代表者
  • PEM形燃料電池の氷点下起動におけるマルチスケール水輸送・凍結分布制御　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(B))
    2017年 - 2019年
    田部 豊, 近久 武美
    文部科学省, 研究代表者, 競争的資金
  • PEM形燃料電池内のナノスケール水輸送現象観察と高性能電池構造の解明　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(B))
    2016年 - 2018年
    近久 武美, 田部 豊, 大島 伸行
    文部科学省, 研究分担者, 競争的資金
  • 大規模高効率化のためのレドックスフロー電池活物質輸送現象の解明　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(C))
    2014年 - 2016年
    田部 豊
    文部科学省, 研究代表者, 競争的資金
  • 凍結固定化法による固体高分子形燃料電池内の反応および気液輸送機構の解明　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
    科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(B))
    2012年 - 2014年
    近久 武美, 田部 豊, 鈴木 研悟
    文部科学省, 研究分担者, 競争的資金
  • PEM燃料電池の触媒層内マイクロ・ナノ凍結および水輸送現象の解明
    科学研究費補助金(若手研究(A))
    2011年 - 2013年
    田部 豊
    固体高分子形燃料電池の氷点下起動における触媒層内の凍結機構を明らかにするとともに、通常運転時でのマイクロポーラスレイヤー（MPL）近傍における水輸送現象を解明することを目的とし、凍結モデルの開発、MPL断面の詳細観察を行った。これらより、氷点下起動時に触媒層内に形成される氷分布は電流密度に強く依存し、酸素供給条件に依存しないことを示すとともに、その支配因子ならびに通常運転時MPL近傍の水状態を特定した。
    文部科学省, 若手研究(A), 北海道大学, 研究代表者, 競争的資金, 23686034
  • 固体高分子形燃料電池の拡散層内気液輸送現象ならびに凍結機構の解明
    科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(B))
    2009年 - 2011年
    近久 武美, 田部 豊
    本研究は、内部現象観察と電流密度分布の同時計測、内部水分状態の瞬時凍結法を用いた観察、ならびに並列演算可能な高密度比対応LBM法により、燃料電池内の気液輸送現象について解明することを目的としたものである。本年度の研究により、下記の知見を得た:(1)これまで拡散層の繊維方向を異方化することにより電池性能を向上できることが示されていたが、リブ下の凝縮水が繊維に沿って円滑に排出されることが主因であることが確認された。(2)金属製多孔体セパレータは良好なフラッディング特性を有する一方、ドライアウトしやすい特徴がある。このドライアウトは多孔構造による熱伝導性の低下によるものであることを明らかにし、次いで接触熱抵抗の度合いや空隙率による熱伝導性の変化特性について解析を行った。(3)凝縮水の凍結固定化観察実験から、拡散層にあるMPL層は触媒層と拡散層の界面に凝縮水が滞留するのを抑制する効果を持ち、これが電池性能を良好に保つ要因であることが明らかとなった。(4)低温起動時に凍結・運転不能となった電池を常温に戻して運転した場合には、性能がなかなか回復しないことがあるが、これは触媒層とMPL層に形成された融解水によることが明らかとなった。(5)Cryo SEMを用いた観察から、酸素濃度や電流密度によって触媒層内の凍結層成長方向が異なる様子が観察され、この現象をプロトンと酸素の供給バランスによるこ...
    文部科学省, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 研究分担者, 競争的資金, 21360089
  • PEM燃料電池の多孔構造・チャネル内における気液二相流動シミュレーション
    科学研究費補助金(若手研究(B))
    2009年 - 2010年
    田部 豊
    固体高分子形燃料電池において、複雑な電池構造内の三次元解析を可能とすることにより二相流動挙動を明らかにするとともに、最適な電池構造の提案までを目指し、格子ボルツマン解析コードの大規模・高速化を行なった。さらに本コードを用い、ガス拡散層の濡れ性が凝縮水排出挙動に及ぼす影響を明らかにするとともに、リブに異なる濡れ性を与えることで、ガス拡散層内の排水に有利な電池構造が実現可能であることを示した。
    文部科学省, 若手研究(B), 北海道大学, 研究代表者, 競争的資金, 21760146
  • PEM燃料電池における触媒高効率利用のための電極3相界面モデル構築と数値解析
    科学研究費補助金(若手研究(B))
    2007年 - 2008年
    田部 豊
    白金の高効率利用に適した触媒層を明らかにすることを目的として、3相界面モデルおよび触媒層モデルを作成し解析を行った。さらに異なる高分子電解質を用いて模擬触媒層を作成し簡易実験を行った。これより、高分子電解質量、空隙率などの触媒層構造が電池性能に及ぼす影響を定量的に明らかにするとともに、高分子電解質中への酸素の溶解度上昇が電池性能向上に著しく寄与し、少ない白金担持量でも高い電池性能を得られる可能性があることを示した。
    文部科学省, 若手研究(B), 北海道大学, 研究代表者, 競争的資金, 19760127
  • 低温環境適合型高性能PEM燃料電池のための気液・熱・電流移動分布の均一化研究
    科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(B))
    2005年 - 2007年
    近久 武美, 田部 豊, 菊田 和重
    セパレータ流路形状および拡散層(GDL)の空隙率や繊維構造等が電池性能に対して及ぼす影響について研究を行い、前年度においてガスが拡散層下層に潜り込むような現象仮説を提案した。今年度はこの仮設の検証を目的として、電池内の気体流動分布計測や電流密度分布計測を行った。その結果、GDL面内をガスが流動する可能性は低いが、触媒層近傍の凝縮水の排出には不安定な現象があり、これが上記仮説に類似した現象を生じさせているものと推察された。本現象は、凝縮水を適切に排出する手がかりを含んでおり、良好な電池性能を得るための知見を得た。次に、低温起動特性を調べるとともに電池内の凍結現象を把握することを目的として、温度条件と起動特性に関する実験、ならびに凍結部の実体顕微鏡観察を行った。その結果、起動初期の電解質膜内への生成水逆拡散特性およびその後の凍結にいたる現象を明らかにすることができた。また、困難な電池内の氷結部写真撮影を可能とする技術を確立することができた。さらに本手法を用いて、凍結が主として触媒層とMPL層の間で生じており、またリブ下に比べてチャネル下により多くの氷層が形成されていることが示唆された。一方、格子ボルツマン法をベースとして、凝縮水挙動の先駆的な数値シミュレーション法の開発を行い、撥水特性や多孔質孔径が凝縮水の排出に及ぼす影響を解析した。以上、GDL内の気液移動特性および低温起動時の...
    文部科学省, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 研究分担者, 競争的資金, 17360089
  • 固体高分子形燃料電池内での水分凍結挙動の可視化
    科学研究費補助金(若手研究(B))
    2005年 - 2006年
    田部 豊
    氷点下での固体高分子形燃料電池の起動特性に及ぼす起動前残留水分量ならびに運転条件の影響を実験的に明らかにするとともに、電池内の凍結機構に関する考察を行った。得られた主な知見は以下の通りである。1.セル内水分量がある程度以上ある場合には、冷却中に凍結が起り、低温起動時問が極端に短くなる。ここで、冷却中の凍結は、赤外線サーモグラフィーによる熱画像、またはセル抵抗の変化から検地することが可能である。本実験では冷却中に凍結が起こる水分量の閾値は約1mg/cm^2であった。このことより、低温起動においてはその停止条件、すなわち運転停止後のセル内の水分管理が重要であると言える。2.低温起動から生成水凍結開始までの時間は拡散層の構造の違いによる影響を受け、起動温度-10℃程度では、凝縮水圧力及び温度が高い触媒層近傍に生成水を溜め込みやすいカーボンペーパーのほうが、生成水が拡散層側へ移動しやすいカーボンクロスに比べて生成水の凍結が遅くなる傾向があった。これは、圧力および温度が高い凝縮水が過冷却状態で保持され易いためと考えられる。一方、起動温度-20℃では、カーボンペーパーとカーボンクロスの凍結開始までの時間に及ぼす影響は小さくなった。これは、より低温であることでペーパーにおいても過冷却がほとんど起こらなくなったためと考えられる。3.凝縮水が、MEA-GDL界面に貯留する場合には上述した理由で...
    文部科学省, 若手研究(B), 北海道大学, 研究代表者, 競争的資金, 17760153
  • 超高圧固体水和物を伴う液体CO2の物質移動現象の解明とCO2海洋貯留の制御
    科学研究費助成事業
    1998年 - 1999年
    田部 豊
    日本学術振興会, 特別研究員奨励費, 東京工業大学, 97J04427