篠原 雄太 (シノハラ ユウタ)
| 遺伝子病制御研究所 病因研究部門 | 特任講師 |
Last Updated :2026/04/14
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- Isoflurane activates the type 1 ryanodine receptor to induce anesthesia in mice.
Hiroyuki J Kanaya, Ken Kuwajima, Yuko Ito, Yuta Shinohara, Yohei Okubo, Shinnosuke Shiono, Fumiya Tatsuki, Rei-Ichiro Ohno, Hideki Ukai, Maki Ukai-Tadenuma, Kenta Sumiyama, Hiroshi Fujishima, Rikuhiro G Yamada, Daisuke Tone, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Masaki Kikuchi, Takashi Umehara, Takashi Murayama, Kazunori Kanemaru, Masamitsu Iino, Koji L Ode, Takatsugu Hirokawa, Hiroki R Ueda
PLoS biology, 23, 6, e3003172, 2025年06月, [査読有り], [国際誌]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌), Inhaled anesthetics were first introduced into clinical use in the 1840s. Molecular and transgenic animal studies indicate that inhaled anesthetics act through several ion channels, including γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) and two-pore domain K+ (K2P) channels, but other targets may mediate anesthetic effects. Mutations in the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1), which is a calcium release channel on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, are relevant to malignant hyperthermia, a condition that can be induced by inhaled anesthetics. However, it was previously uncertain whether inhaled anesthetics directly interact with RyR1. In our study, we demonstrated that isoflurane and other inhaled anesthetics activate wild-type RyR1. By employing systematic mutagenesis, we discovered that altering just one amino acid residue negates the response to isoflurane, thus helping us to pinpoint the potential binding site. Knock-in mice engineered to express a mutant form of RyR1 that is insensitive to isoflurane exhibited resistance to the loss of righting reflex (LORR) when exposed to isoflurane anesthesia. This observation suggests a connection between RyR1 activation and the anesthetic effects in vivo. Moreover, it was shown that RyR1 is involved in the neuronal response to isoflurane. Additionally, administering new RyR1 agonists, which share the same binding site as isoflurane, resulted in a sedation-like state in mice. We propose that isoflurane directly activates RyR1, and this activation is pertinent to its anesthetic/sedative effects. - Cortical parvalbumin neurons are responsible for homeostatic sleep rebound through CaMKII activation.
Kazuhiro Kon, Koji L Ode, Tomoyuki Mano, Hiroshi Fujishima, Riina R Takahashi, Daisuke Tone, Chika Shimizu, Shinnosuke Shiono, Saori Yada, Kyoko Matsuzawa, Shota Y Yoshida, Junko Yoshida Garçon, Mari Kaneko, Yuta Shinohara, Rikuhiro G Yamada, Shoi Shi, Kazunari Miyamichi, Kenta Sumiyama, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Etsuo A Susaki, Hiroki R Ueda
Nature communications, 15, 1, 6054, 6054, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2024年07月18日, [査読有り], [国際誌]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌), Abstract
The homeostatic regulation of sleep is characterized by rebound sleep after prolonged wakefulness, but the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this regulation are still unknown. We show here that CaMKII-dependent activity control of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing cortical neurons is involved in sleep homeostasis regulation. Prolonged wakefulness enhances cortical PV-neuron activity. Chemogenetic suppression or activation of cortical PV neurons inhibits or induces rebound sleep, implying that rebound sleep is dependent on increased activity of cortical PV neurons. Furthermore, we discovered that CaMKII kinase activity boosts the activity of cortical PV neurons, and that kinase activity is important for homeostatic sleep rebound. We propose that CaMKII-dependent PV-neuron activity represents negative feedback inhibition of cortical neural excitability, which serves as the distributive cortical circuits for sleep homeostatic regulation. - Phosphorylation of DNA-binding domains of CLOCK-BMAL1 complex for PER-dependent inhibition in circadian clock of mammalian cells.
Yuta Otobe, Eui Min Jeong, Shunsuke Ito, Yuta Shinohara, Nobuhiro Kurabayashi, Atsu Aiba, Yoshitaka Fukada, Jae Kyoung Kim, Hikari Yoshitane
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 121, 23, e2316858121, 2024年06月04日, [査読有り], [国際誌]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌), In mammals, CLOCK and BMAL1 proteins form a heterodimer that binds to E-box sequences and activates transcription of target genes, including Period (Per). Translated PER proteins then bind to the CLOCK-BMAL1 complex to inhibit its transcriptional activity. However, the molecular mechanism and the impact of this PER-dependent inhibition on the circadian clock oscillation remain elusive. We previously identified Ser38 and Ser42 in a DNA-binding domain of CLOCK as phosphorylation sites at the PER-dependent inhibition phase. In this study, knockout rescue experiments showed that nonphosphorylatable (Ala) mutations at these sites shortened circadian period, whereas their constitutive-phospho-mimetic (Asp) mutations completely abolished the circadian rhythms. Similarly, we found that nonphosphorylatable (Ala) and constitutive-phospho-mimetic (Glu) mutations at Ser78 in a DNA-binding domain of BMAL1 also shortened the circadian period and abolished the rhythms, respectively. The mathematical modeling predicted that these constitutive-phospho-mimetic mutations weaken the DNA binding of the CLOCK-BMAL1 complex and that the nonphosphorylatable mutations inhibit the PER-dependent displacement (reduction of DNA-binding ability) of the CLOCK-BMAL1 complex from DNA. Biochemical experiments supported the importance of these phosphorylation sites for displacement of the complex in the PER2-dependent inhibition. Our results provide direct evidence that phosphorylation of CLOCK-Ser38/Ser42 and BMAL1-Ser78 plays a crucial role in the PER-dependent inhibition and the determination of the circadian period. - GGT1 is a SNP eQTL gene involved in STAT3 activation and associated with the development of Post-ERCP pancreatitis.
Ryutaro Furukawa, Masaki Kuwatani, Jing-Jing Jiang, Yuki Tanaka, Rie Hasebe, Kaoru Murakami, Kumiko Tanaka, Noriyuki Hirata, Izuru Ohki, Ikuko Takahashi, Takeshi Yamasaki, Yuta Shinohara, Shunichiro Nozawa, Shintaro Hojyo, Shimpei I Kubota, Shigeru Hashimoto, Satoshi Hirano, Naoya Sakamoto, Masaaki Murakami
Scientific reports, 14, 1, 12224, 12224, 2024年05月28日, [査読有り], [国際誌]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌), Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is an acute pancreatitis caused by endoscopic-retrograde-cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). About 10% of patients develop PEP after ERCP. Here we show that gamma-glutamyltransferase 1 (GGT1)-SNP rs5751901 is an eQTL in pancreatic cells associated with PEP and a positive regulator of the IL-6 amplifier. More PEP patients had the GGT1 SNP rs5751901 risk allele (C) than that of non-PEP patients at Hokkaido University Hospital. Additionally, GGT1 expression and IL-6 amplifier activation were increased in PEP pancreas samples with the risk allele. A mechanistic analysis showed that IL-6-mediated STAT3 nuclear translocation and STAT3 phosphorylation were suppressed in GGT1-deficient cells. Furthermore, GGT1 directly associated with gp130, the signal-transducer of IL-6. Importantly, GGT1-deficiency suppressed inflammation development in a STAT3/NF-κB-dependent disease model. Thus, the risk allele of GGT1-SNP rs5751901 is involved in the pathogenesis of PEP via IL-6 amplifier activation. Therefore, the GGT1-STAT3 axis in pancreas may be a prognosis marker and therapeutic target for PEP. - High-precision rapid testing of omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants in clinical samples using AI-nanopore.
Kaoru Murakami, Shimpei I Kubota, Kumiko Tanaka, Hiroki Tanaka, Keiichiroh Akabane, Rigel Suzuki, Yuta Shinohara, Hiroyasu Takei, Shigeru Hashimoto, Yuki Tanaka, Shintaro Hojyo, Osamu Sakamoto, Norihiko Naono, Takayui Takaai, Kazuki Sato, Yuichi Kojima, Toshiyuki Harada, Takeshi Hattori, Satoshi Fuke, Isao Yokota, Satoshi Konno, Takashi Washio, Takasuke Fukuhara, Takanori Teshima, Masateru Taniguchi, Masaaki Murakami
Lab on a chip, 23, 22, 4909, 4918, 2023年11月07日, [査読有り], [国際誌]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌), A digital platform that can rapidly and accurately diagnose pathogenic viral variants, including SARS-CoV-2, will minimize pandemics, public anxiety, and economic losses. We recently reported an artificial intelligence (AI)-nanopore platform that enables testing for Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 with high sensitivity and specificity within five minutes. However, which parts of the virus are recognized by the platform are unknown. Similarly, whether the platform can detect SARS-CoV-2 variants or the presence of the virus in clinical samples needs further study. Here, we demonstrated the platform can distinguish SARS-CoV-2 variants. Further, it identified mutated Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 expressing spike proteins of the delta and omicron variants, indicating it discriminates spike proteins. Finally, we used the platform to identify omicron variants with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 94%, respectively, in saliva specimens from COVID-19 patients. Thus, our results demonstrate the AI-nanopore platform is an effective diagnostic tool for SARS-CoV-2 variants. - Computer model of IL-6-dependent rheumatoid arthritis in F759 mice.
Reiji Yamamoto, Satoshi Yamada, Toru Atsumi, Kaoru Murakami, Ari Hashimoto, Seiichiro Naito, Yuki Tanaka, Izuru Ohki, Yuta Shinohara, Norimasa Iwasaki, Akihiko Yoshimura, Jing-Jing Jiang, Daisuke Kamimura, Shintaro Hojyo, Shimpei I Kubota, Shigeru Hashimoto, Masaaki Murakami
International immunology, 35, 9, 403, 421, 2023年09月05日, [査読有り], [国際誌]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌), The interleukin-6 (IL-6) amplifier, which describes the simultaneous activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and NF-κb nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), in synovial fibroblasts causes the infiltration of immune cells into the joints of F759 mice. The result is a disease that resembles human rheumatoid arthritis. However, the kinetics and regulatory mechanisms of how augmented transcriptional activation by STAT3 and NF-κB leads to F759 arthritis is unknown. We here show that the STAT3-NF-κB complex is present in the cytoplasm and nucleus and accumulates around NF-κB binding sites of the IL-6 promoter region and established a computer model that shows IL-6 and IL-17 (interleukin 17) signaling promotes the formation of the STAT3-NF-κB complex followed by its binding on promoter regions of NF-κB target genes to accelerate inflammatory responses, including the production of IL-6, epiregulin, and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), phenotypes consistent with in vitro experiments. The binding also promoted cell growth in the synovium and the recruitment of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and macrophages in the joints. Anti-IL-6 blocking antibody treatment inhibited inflammatory responses even at the late phase, but anti-IL-17 and anti-TNFα antibodies did not. However, anti-IL-17 antibody at the early phase showed inhibitory effects, suggesting that the IL-6 amplifier is dependent on IL-6 and IL-17 stimulation at the early phase, but only on IL-6 at the late phase. These findings demonstrate the molecular mechanism of F759 arthritis can be recapitulated in silico and identify a possible therapeutic strategy for IL-6 amplifier-dependent chronic inflammatory diseases. - Zoobiquity experiments show the importance of the local MMP9-plasminogen axis in inflammatory bowel diseases in both dogs and patients.
Takeshi Yamasaki, Noriyuki Nagata, Toru Atsumi, Rie Hasebe, Yuki Tanaka, Izuru Ohki, Shimpei Kubota, Yuta Shinohara, Yong Bin Teoh, Nozomu Yokoyama, Noboru Sasaki, Kensuke Nakamura, Hiroshi Ohta, Takehiko Katsurada, Yoshihiro Matsuno, Shintaro Hojyo, Shigeru Hashimoto, Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi, Masaaki Murakami
International immunology, 35, 7, 313, 326, 2023年07月07日, [査読有り], [国際誌]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌), Using a zoobiquity concept, we directly connect animal phenotypes to a human disease mechanism: the reduction of local plasminogen levels caused by matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) activity is associated with the development of inflammation in the intestines of dogs and patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We first investigated inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRPs), which are a canine gastrointestinal disease characterized by the presence of idiopathic chronic inflammation, in Miniature Dachshund (MD) and found 31 missense disease-associated SNPs by whole-exome sequencing. We sequenced them in 10 other dog breeds and found five, PLG, TCOF1, TG, COL9A2 and COL4A4, only in MD. We then investigated two rare and breed-specific missense SNPs (T/T SNPs), PLG: c.477G > T and c.478A>T, and found that ICRPs with the T/T SNP risk alleles showed less intact plasminogen and plasmin activity in the lesions compared to ICRPs without the risk alleles but no differences in serum. Moreover, we show that MMP9, which is an NF-κB target, caused the plasminogen reduction and that intestinal epithelial cells expressing plasminogen molecules were co-localized with epithelial cells expressing MMP9 in normal colons with the risk alleles. Importantly, MMP9 expression in patients with ulcerous colitis or Crohn's disease also co-localized with epithelial cells showing enhanced NF-κB activation and less plasminogen expression. Overall, our zoobiquity experiments showed that MMP9 induces the plasminogen reduction in the intestine, contributing to the development of local inflammation and suggesting the local MMP9-plasminogen axis is a therapeutic target in both dogs and patients. Therefore, zoobiquity-type experiments could bring new perspectives for biomarkers and therapeutic targets. - GM-CSF Promotes the Survival of Peripheral-Derived Myeloid Cells in the Central Nervous System for Pain-Induced Relapse of Neuroinflammation.
Shiina Matsuyama, Reiji Yamamoto, Kaoru Murakami, Nobuhiko Takahashi, Rieko Nishi, Asuka Ishii, Junko Nio-Kobayashi, Nobuya Abe, Kumiko Tanaka, Jing-Jing Jiang, Tadafumi Kawamoto, Toshihiko Iwanaga, Yuta Shinohara, Takeshi Yamasaki, Izuru Ohki, Shintaro Hojyo, Rie Hasebe, Shimpei I Kubota, Noriyuki Hirata, Daisuke Kamimura, Shigeru Hashimoto, Yuki Tanaka, Masaaki Murakami
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 211, 1, 34, 42, 2023年07月01日, [査読有り], [国際誌]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌), We recently discovered a (to our knowledge) new neuroimmune interaction named the gateway reflex, in which the activation of specific neural circuits establishes immune cell gateways at specific vessel sites in organs, leading to the development of tissue-specific autoimmune diseases, including a multiple sclerosis (MS) mouse model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We have reported that peripheral-derived myeloid cells, which are CD11b+MHC class II+ and accumulate in the fifth lumbar (L5) cord during the onset of a transfer model of EAE (tEAE), play a role in the pain-mediated relapse via the pain-gateway reflex. In this study, we investigated how these cells survive during the remission phase to cause the relapse. We show that peripheral-derived myeloid cells accumulated in the L5 cord after tEAE induction and survive more than other immune cells. These myeloid cells, which highly expressed GM-CSFRα with common β chain molecules, grew in number and expressed more Bcl-xL after GM-CSF treatment but decreased in number by blockade of the GM-CSF pathway, which suppressed pain-mediated relapse of neuroinflammation. Therefore, GM-CSF is a survival factor for these cells. Moreover, these cells were colocalized with blood endothelial cells (BECs) around the L5 cord, and BECs expressed a high level of GM-CSF. Thus, GM-CSF from BECs may have an important role in the pain-mediated tEAE relapse caused by peripheral-derived myeloid cells in the CNS. Finally, we found that blockade of the GM-CSF pathway after pain induction suppressed EAE development. Therefore, GM-CSF suppression is a possible therapeutic approach in inflammatory CNS diseases with relapse, such as MS. - Temperature-Sensitive Substrate and Product Binding Underlie Temperature-Compensated Phosphorylation in the Clock
Yuta Shinohara, Yohei M. Koyama, Maki Ukai-Tadenuma, Takatsugu Hirokawa, Masaki Kikuchi, Rikuhiro G. Yamada, Hideki Ukai, Hiroshi Fujishima, Takashi Umehara, Kazuki Tainaka, Hiroki R. Ueda
MOLECULAR CELL, 67, 5, 783, +, 2017年09月, [査読有り], [筆頭著者]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌) - Mass spectrometry-based absolute quantification reveals rhythmic variation of mouse circadian clock proteins
Ryohei Narumi, Yoshihiro Shimizu, Maki Ukai-Tadenuma, Koji L. Ode, Genki N. Kanda, Yuta Shinohara, Aya Sato, Katsuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroki R. Ueda
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 113, 24, E3461, E3467, 2016年06月, [査読有り]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌) - Non-Enzymatic DNA Cleavage Reaction Induced by 5-Ethynyluracil in Methylamine Aqueous Solution and Application to DNA Concatenation
Shuji Ikeda, Kazuki Tainaka, Katsuhiko Matsumoto, Yuta Shinohara, Koji L. Ode, Etsuo A. Susaki, Hiroki R. Ueda
PLOS ONE, 9, 3, e92369, 2014年03月, [査読有り]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌) - Establishment of TSH β real-time monitoring system in mammalian photoperiodism.
Tsujino K, Narumi R, Masumoto KH, Susaki EA, Shinohara Y, Abe T, Iigo M, Wada A, Nagano M, Shigeyoshi Y, Ueda HR
Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms, 18, 7, 575, 588, 2013年07月, [査読有り]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌) - Synthesis of environmentally sensitive 2’-deoxyguanosine containing solvatochromic pyrene fluorophore
Saito Y, Shinohara Y, Ishioroshi S, Suzuki A, Tanaka M, Saito I
Tetrahedron Letters, 52, 18, 2359, 2361, 2011年05月, [査読有り]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌) - Synthesis and photophysical properties of 8-arylbutadienyl 2’-deoxyguanosines
Saito Y, Koda M, Shinohara Y, Saito I
Tetrahedron Letters, 52, 4, 491, 494, 2011年01月, [査読有り]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌) - Design of environmentally sensitive fluorescent 2 '-deoxyguanosine containing arylethynyl moieties: Distinction of thymine base by base-discriminating fluorescent (BDF) probe
Yuta Shinohara, Katsuhiko Matsumoto, Kenji Kugenuma, Takashi Morii, Yoshio Saito, Isao Saito
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, 20, 9, 2817, 2820, 2010年05月, [査読有り], [筆頭著者]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌) - Pyrene-labeled deoxyguanosine as a fluorescence sensor to discriminate single and double stranded DNA structures: Design of ends free molecular beacons
Katsuhiko Matsumoto, Yuta Shinohara, Subhendu S. Bag, Yoshiki Takeuchi, Takashi Morii, Yoshio Saito, Isao Saito
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, 19, 22, 6392, 6395, 2009年11月, [査読有り]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌) - Ends free and self-quenched molecular beacon with pyrene labeled pyrrolocytidine in the middle of the stem
Yoshio Saito, Yuta Shinohara, Subhendu Sekhar Bag, Yoshiki Takeuchi, Katsuhiko Matsumoto, Isao Saito
TETRAHEDRON, 65, 4, 934, 939, 2009年01月, [査読有り]
英語, 研究論文(学術雑誌) - Design of extremely facile 3'- and 5'- ends free molecular beacons using C8 alkylamino substituted 2'-deoxyguanosine.
Matsumoto K, Shinohara Y, Numajiri K, Ishioroshi S, Morii T, Saito Y, Saito I
Nucleic acids symposium series (2004), 141, 142, 53, 2009年, [査読有り] - Design of an ultimate quencher free molecular beacon containing pyrrolocytidine-guanine base pair.
Saito Y, Shinohara Y, Bag SS, Takeuchi Y, Matsumoto K, Saito I
Nucleic acids symposium series (2004), 361, 362, 52, 2008年, [査読有り]
講演・口頭発表等
- Timekeepers of the mammalian circadian clock regulate post-translational modifications.
Yuta Shinohara
第61回日本生物物理学会 年会, 2023年11月, 英語, シンポジウム・ワークショップパネル(指名)
[招待講演] - Design principles of temperature-compensated phosphorylation in the circadian clock.
Yuta Shinohara
New Frontier in Protein Design & Engineering, 2019年03月, 英語, 口頭発表(招待・特別)
[招待講演] - Design principles of temperature-compensated phosphorylation in the mammalian circadian clock.
Yuta Shinohara
第18回日本蛋白質科学会年会, 2018年06月, 英語, 口頭発表(招待・特別)
[招待講演]
共同研究・競争的資金等の研究課題
- 単一細胞・多オルガネラ温度計測で解くIL-6アンプの温度制御と免疫恒常性
科学研究費助成事業
2026年04月01日 - 2029年03月31日
篠原 雄太
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 北海道大学, 26K09262 - 時間タンパク質学領域の総括
科学研究費助成事業
2024年04月01日 - 2029年03月31日
吉種 光, 松尾 拓哉, 原田 慶恵, 篠原 雄太, 土居 雅夫, 岡部 弘基, 池内 与志穂, 吉村 崇, 大出 晃士, 秋山 修志, 村中 智明, 久本 洋子, 寺内 一姫, 遠藤 求, 岩崎 信太郎, 向山 厚, 八木田 和弘
日本学術振興会, 学術変革領域研究(A), 公益財団法人東京都医学総合研究所, 24H02299 - 時間タンパク質学:概日時計の24時間をカウントする翻訳後修飾コード
科学研究費助成事業
2024年04月01日 - 2029年03月31日
吉種 光, 篠原 雄太, 向山 厚
日本学術振興会, 学術変革領域研究(A), 公益財団法人東京都医学総合研究所, 24H02302 - 概日時計クオーツとして機能するタンパク質振動子
科学研究費助成事業
2021年07月 - 2025年03月
吉種 光, 松尾 拓哉, 篠原 雄太
様々な生理現象には約24時間周期のリズム性が観察され、これは概日リズム(circadian rhythm)と呼ばれる。このリズムを駆動する分子機構は概日時計と呼ばれ、その自律振動メカニズムとして時計遺伝子の転写・翻訳を介したフィードバック制御の重要性が提唱されてきた。しかし、これらは真の時計振動体からの機能出力リズム、つまり「時計の針」にすぎないのではないだろうか。本研究では、分子間相互作用・翻訳後修飾・酵素活性・立体構造変化などのタンパク質ダイナミクスが真核生物においても時計振動子(時計のクオーツ)として機能する、という予備的知見に基づき、クオーツの実体の同定と自律振動原理の理解を目指している。様々な生物種における「概日時計クオーツ」の実体解明を目指し、引き続き哺乳類概日時計クオーツの研究を追求した。具体的には、時計タンパク質複合体の時刻依存的な変化から、昼と夜とで切り替わるリン酸化スイッチに着目した研究を展開した。このリン酸化スイッチにはCKIキナーゼのリクルートとその酵素活性が鍵を握ることを突き止めた。CKIキナーゼは低温でも高温でもリン酸化活性が変化しないというユニークな性質を持ち(篠原ら、Mol Cell)、温度補償性に関与すると考えられている。そこで篠原を新たに分担者に加え、CKIキナーゼと概日時計クオーツの関係を理解するべく研究をスタートさせた。最終年度に向けて、準備は万端である。一方松尾は、クラミドモナスの時計タンパク質ROC15のリン酸化に関与する新規変異体の原因遺伝子として、シロイヌナズナの時計タンパク質ELF4のホモログを同定した(投稿準備中)。また、種を超えた時計機構の解明に向けて、クラミドモナス細胞におけるマウスPER2の部分配列の発現に成功した。延長した最終年度において、緑藻細胞における哺乳類PER2の修飾のリズムの解析を行う準備が整った。
日本学術振興会, 挑戦的研究(開拓), 公益財団法人東京都医学総合研究所, 21K18231 - 概日リズムの多重リン酸化を校正する酵素機能解析
科学研究費助成事業
2020年04月01日 - 2024年03月31日
篠原 雄太
本研究は概日時計の周期を決定しているCKIδの脱リン酸化活性に着目し、多段階なリン酸化が1日24時間の正確性を示す分子メカニズムの解明を目的としている。時計タンパク質由来のペプチドライブラリーからCKIδの脱リン酸化基質をセレクション可能な評価系を構築し、脱リン酸化活性が向上するペプチドや基質として認識しないペプチドを発見した。さらにCKIδの脱リン酸化活性部位を結晶構造を基にリン酸化認識部位を推測して、点変異体を導入して、CKIδの脱リン酸化活性部位を同定しており、CKIδの脱リン酸化機構の分子レベルでの理解は、予定通りに順調に進捗している。
またCKIδの脱リン酸化機構の解明をしていく過程で、新たな時計タンパク質にも強い酵素活性を有することを見出した。この時計タンパク質の酵素反応は概日リズムの多段階なリン酸化に関与している可能性が示唆された。1日24時間の時間スケールの遅い多段階なリン酸化を担う仕組みがCKIδの脱リン酸化か新たな時計タンパク質の酵素反応かをマウス個体で明らかにしていく。時計タンパク質のノックアウトマウスにアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)ベクターを用いて、レスキュー系を構築した。in vitroで見出した脱リン酸化活性が著しく弱い変異型では、リン酸化活性が優位に働くため、短周期の表現型が予想されるが、構築したレスキュー系で評価すると短周期型の表現型を有しており、脱リン酸化反応は概日リズムの多段階なリン酸化に関与している可能性が示唆された。
日本学術振興会, 若手研究, 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 20K15766 - 哺乳類概日時計の自律的に発振するリン酸化反応の創生
科学研究費助成事業
2018年04月01日 - 2020年03月31日
篠原 雄太
本研究では哺乳類概日時計の動作原理として考えられる自律性をもつミニマルなリン酸化振動子の試験管内再構成を目的としている。これまでの研究より概日時計の周期長を決定するCKIに脱リン酸化活性があることを見出している。可逆的リン酸化脱リン酸化サイクルを構成するためにCKIの新規脱リン酸化に着目した。しかしこの脱リン酸化活性はリン酸化活性と比較すると活性は小さいため、タンパク質やペプチドによって向上させなければいけない問題点があった。そこでこれらを解決するために本研究では、1.CKIの新規脱リン酸化活性を賦活化させるペプチドを、時計タンパク質由来のペプチドライブラリより探索して発見。
2.時計タンパク質由来のペプチドライブラリを用いたスクリーニングよりCKIのリン酸化活性を向上させるペプチドを発見を達成した。さらにこれらの一連のペプチドはリン酸化セリン/スレオニンが含まれていると脱リン酸化を賦活化させる効果があることを見出している。さらに発見したペプチドとCKIの相互作用を等温滴定型カロリメトリ(ITC)を用いて測定した。これまで脱リン酸化に重要だと思われるCKI変異体と比較して結合定数を求めると、高い結合親和力とともにCKIの脱リン酸化活性に重要なアミノ酸残基が明らかになった。脱リン酸化活性の生物学的な意義を解明するために、CKI遺伝子変異体マウスを作製中である。さらに、これら1.2の発見は酵素活性(リン酸化/脱リン酸化)をタンパク質やペプチドによりアロステリックに制御する機構の解明につながるため、酵素活性一般性をもつ可能性を秘めている。
日本学術振興会, 若手研究, 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 研究代表者, 競争的資金, 18K14670 - 合成生物学的アプローチによる哺乳類概日時計の温度補償性の理解
科学研究費助成事業
2013年04月01日 - 2015年03月31日
篠原 雄太
本年度ではCKIε/δの温度非依存なリン酸化反応を定量的に理解するために、各素過程の速度定数を等温滴定型カロリーメーター(ITC)により求めた。CKIε/δのリン酸化反応を定常状態近似し、数理モデル化することで理論予測と実験検証の相関性を示した。定量的な解析結果より温度非依存的なリン酸化機構は、リン酸化された生成物とCKIδとの複合体形成過程が重要な素過程であることを見出した。また遺伝学的なスクリーニングを行い、CKIδが生成物と複合体形成過程が起こらないCKIδ変異体の同定にも成功している。そのCKIδ(MT)をROSA26遺伝子座にTALENによりノックインをしてマウスの行動解析を行った結果、概日リズムの周期長が短周期化していた。さらにその遺伝子改変されたCKIδ(MT)マウスの視交叉上核(SCN)の温度依存的な概日時計の周期長を測定すると、温度依存的に周期長が短周期化していることがわかった。従ってCKIδと生成物との結合過程が概日時計の周期長及び温度補償性に関与していることが証明された。
日本学術振興会, 特別研究員奨励費, 大阪大学, 研究代表者, 競争的資金, 13J05989