Researcher basic information

• PhD in Economics, University of York
• Msc in Economics, University of Edinburgh
• BA in Business and Commerce, Keio University

• https://researchmap.jp/toshiaki.aizawa?lang=en

• https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=202001001508001692

• 202001001508001692

• 応用計量経済学
• Health Economics
• Applied microeconomics

• Humanities & Social Sciences, Economic policy
• Humanities & Social Sciences, Public economics and labor economics

• Bachelor's degree program, School of Economics and Business
• Master's degree program, Graduate School of Economics and Business
• Doctoral (PhD) degree program, Graduate School of Economics and Business

Research activity information

• Oct. 2024, 北海道大学, Best Excellent Teacher

• Socio-economic gradients in hypertension and diabetes management amid the COVID-19 pandemic in India.
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  PloS one, 20, 4, e0315867, 2025, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author], [International Magazine]
  English, Scientific journal, This study examines socio-economic inequalities in the prevalence and treatment of hypertension and diabetes among adults in India, utilising data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Disparities associated with individual demographic and socio-economic characteristics are measured, with the level of inequality quantified using the dissimilarity index and contributing factors analysed through decomposition analysis. The results reveal significant socio-economic gradients, with wealthier individuals more likely to have elevated blood pressure and blood glucose levels and to treat them. Socio-economic gradients in treatment are even steeper among middle-aged groups during the pandemic. These wealth- and education-related disparities become more pronounced with age. This study highlights the need for targeted interventions and policies to address socio-economic disparities in access to essential care for socio-economically disadvantaged populations.
• Employee well-being in the digital age: Assessing the impacts of a smartphone application in the workplace.
  Toshiaki Aizawa; Hiroko Okudaira; Ritsu Kitagawa; Sachiko Kuroda; Hideo Owan
  Economics and Human Biology, 55, 101445, 101445, Dec. 2024, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author], [International Magazine]
  English, Scientific journal, Recently, providing smartphone-based health-improving applications to employees has emerged as a promising strategy for sustaining their well-being. This study estimates the impact of the routine use of an application, introduced in 2020 by a Japanese manufacturing company, on various health-related behaviours and outcomes among employees by exploiting a distinctive large-scale longitudinal dataset and personnel records. The analysis addresses potential selection biases arising from the non-random nature of application usage by employing the instrumental variable approach. Regular application use generates significant positive impacts on health-related habits, including moderate alcohol consumption, regular breakfast intake and refraining from eating two hours before bedtime. Furthermore, regarding physical and psychological stress, noteworthy reductions in physical burden and less frequent experiences of annoyance are observed. Employees also report a lower frequency of dizziness, headaches and palpitations, albeit an increase in the frequency of strained eyes is noted. Additionally, application use is associated with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as decreased levels of triglycerides and gamma-GTP.
• Middle Managers and Employee Health
  OKUDAIRA Hiroko; KITAGAWA Ritsu; AIZAWA Toshiaki; KURODA Sachiko; OWAN Hideo
  RIETI Discussion Paper, Apr. 2024
• Long-Term Trends and Sociodemographic Inequalities of Emotional/Behavioral Problems and Poor Help-Seeking in Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic
  Ryo Morishima; Akiko Kanehara; Toshiaki Aizawa; Naohiro Okada; Kaori Usui; Haruko Noguchi; Kiyoto Kasai
  Journal of Adolescent Health, 74, 3, 537, 544, Mar. 2024, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Does the conditional maternal benefit programme reduce infant mortality in India?
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Health Policy and Planning, Oxford University Press (OUP), 23 Aug. 2022, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  Scientific journal, Abstract
  
  India, which suffers from the largest number of infant deaths in the world, introduced the conditional maternity benefit programme, ‘Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana’ (IGMSY), to provide cash directly to pregnant and lactating women contingent on specified maternal and infant healthcare uses. This study estimates the impact of this programme on infant mortality for the first 12 months after birth, exploiting the pilot phase of IGMSY as a natural experiment in which 52 districts were randomly chosen as pilot districts. In the matched-pair difference-in-differences framework, the treatment effect on survival rate is estimated through the fully data-driven random survival forest approach. The results show that IGMSY reduced the infant mortality rate by 8.32% in treatment districts, with 1.53 fewer deaths per 1000 live births [95% prediction interval: 1.26–1.80]. The size of the effect substantially varies even within the first 12 months, indicating larger reductions in the neonatal period, and after the first 6 months. The results also reveal greater reductions among boys and children in urban areas.
• Inequality in health opportunities in Indonesia: long-term influence of early-life circumstances on health
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, 22, 1, Jul. 2022, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  English, Scientific journal
• Educational Gradient in Physiological Risk Factors in a Workplace: A decomposition analysis of biomarkers
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  RIETI discussion paper, May 2022
• Inequality of Opportunity in Infant Mortality in South Asia: A Decomposition Analysis of Survival Data
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Economics and Human Biology, Aug. 2021, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
• Dynamic variation in receptive vocabulary acquisitions: Further evidence from the Young Lives study
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Cognitive Development, 58, Apr. 2021, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  Scientific journal
• Decomposition of Improvements in Infant Mortality in Asian Developing Countries Over Three Decades
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Demography, 58, 1, 137, 163, 01 Feb. 2021, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  Scientific journal
• Re-visiting the Conditional Cash Transfer in India through the Partial Identification Approach
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Journal of Development Studies, 58, 4, 768, 786, 2021, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  English, Scientific journal
• Inequality in the treatment of diabetes and hypertension across residency status in China
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Ethnicity and Health, 26, 4, 512, 529, 2021, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author], [International Magazine]
  English, Scientific journal
• Levels of and changes in socioeconomic inequality in delivery care service: A decomposition analysis using Bangladesh Demographic Health Surveys
  Mohammad Habibullah Pulok; Gowokani Chijere Chirwa; Jacob Novignon; Toshiaki Aizawa; Marshall Makate
  PloS one, 15, 11, Nov. 2020, [Peer-reviewed]
• Do cash transfers increase nutritional intakes? Experimental evidence from an unconditional cash transfer in Kenya
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Health Policy and Planning, 35, 7, 784, 798, 01 Aug. 2020, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
  English, Scientific journal
• Does the expanded eligibility of conditional cash transfers enhance healthcare use among socio-economically disadvantaged mothers in India?
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Journal of Development Effectiveness, 12, 2, 164, 186, Apr. 2020, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Joint impact of the conditional cash transfer on child nutritional status and household expenditure in Indonesia
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Journal of Human Capital, 14, 1, 122, 164, 01 Mar. 2020, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Housing Inequality in Developing Asia and the United States
  Toshiaki Aizawa; Matthias Helble; Kwan Ok Lee
  Cityscape, 22, 2, 23, 60, Jan. 2020, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  Scientific journal
• Re-evaluating the early child stimulation programme in Bangladesh: evidence from the partial identification approach
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Journal of Development Effectiveness, 12, 4, 298, 322, 2020, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Trajectory of inequality of opportunity in child height growth: Evidence from the Young Lives study
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Demographic Research, 42, 7, 165, 202, 2020, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• The impact of health insurance on out-of-pocket expenditure on delivery in Indonesia
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Health Care for Women International, 40, 12, 1374, 1395, 02 Dec. 2019, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Ex-ante Inequality of Opportunity in Child Malnutrition: New Evidence from Ten Developing Countries in Asia
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Economics and Human Biology, 35, 144, 161, Dec. 2019, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Impacts of the community block grant programme on school resources, environment and management in Indonesia
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Education Economics, 27, 5, 521, 545, 03 Sep. 2019, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Urban developments and health: Evidence from the distributional analysis of biomarkers in China
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  SSM - Population Health, 8, Aug. 2019, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Transition of the BMI distribution in India: evidence from a distributional decomposition analysis
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Journal of Bioeconomics, 21, 1, 3, 36, Apr. 2019, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Regional Disparity in the Body Mass Index Distribution of Indonesians: New Evidence Beyond The Mean
  Toshiaki Aizawa
  Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 54, 1, 85, 112, 02 Jan. 2018, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Socioeconomic inequality in excessive body weight in Indonesia
  Toshiaki Aizawa; Matthias Helble
  Economics and Human Biology, 27, 315, 327, Nov. 2017, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• International trade and determinants of price differentials of insulin medicine
  Matthias Helble; Toshiaki Aizawa
  Health Policy and Planning, 32, 1, 1, 10, Feb. 2017, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Sources of Income Inequality: A Comparison of Japan and the United States
  Toshiaki Aizawa; Robert Dekle; Matthias Helble
  ADBI Working Paper, 663, 2017, [Lead author]
• Urbanization and Inequality in Hypertension Diagnosis and Medication in Indonesia.
  Toshiaki Aizawa; Matthias Helble
  ADBI Working Paper, 556, 2016, [Lead author]
• Determinants of Tenure Choice in Japan: What Makes You a Homeowner?
  Toshiaki Aizawa; Matthias Helble
  ADBI Working Paper, 625, 2016, [Lead author]
• Health and Home Ownership: Findings for the Case of Japan
  Toshiaki Aizawa; Matthias Helble
  ADBI Working Paper, 525, 2015, [Lead author]

• Socioeconomic Inequality in Excessive Weight: The Case of Indonesia
  Toshiaki Aizawa; Matthias Helble, Chapter 4
  Asian Development Bank, 2018, 9784899740858, [Contributor]

• 卒業論文, 2024年, 学士課程, 経済学部
• 基礎計量経済学（実習）, 2024年, 修士課程, 経済学院
• 演習Ⅰ（２単位）, 2024年, 学士課程, 経済学部
• 現代経済経営演習Ⅰ, 2024年, 修士課程, 経済学院
• 演習Ⅱ（２単位）, 2024年, 学士課程, 経済学部
• 現代経済経営演習Ⅱ, 2024年, 修士課程, 経済学院
• 演習Ⅲ（２単位）, 2024年, 学士課程, 経済学部
• 計量経済学特論, 2024年, 修士課程, 経済学院
• 演習Ⅳ（２単位）, 2024年, 学士課程, 経済学部
• 現代日本制度ⅠD, 2024年, 学士課程, 現代日本学プログラム課程
• 演習Ⅴ（２単位）, 2024年, 学士課程, 経済学部
• 統計学, 2024年, 学士課程, 全学教育
• 演習Ⅵ（２単位）, 2024年, 学士課程, 経済学部
• 計量経済学Ⅱ, 2024年, 学士課程, 経済学部
• 演習Ⅶ（２単位）, 2024年, 学士課程, 経済学部
• 演習Ⅷ（２単位）, 2024年, 学士課程, 経済学部
• 論文, 2024年, 修士課程, 経済学院
• 現代経済経営演習Ⅱ, 2024年, 修士課程, 経済学院
• 現代経済経営演習, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 経済学院

• アジア途上国における子供の健康状態に関する実証分析
  科学研究費助成事業
  01 Apr. 2024 - 31 Mar. 2029
  相澤 俊明
  日本学術振興会, 若手研究, 北海道大学, 24K16345
• Measurement of human capital investment and productivity mechanisms within firms
  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
  Apr. 2023 - Mar. 2028
  大湾 秀雄; 相澤 俊明; 黒田 祥子; 高橋 新吾; 川口 大司; 佐藤 香織
  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Waseda University, 23H00056
• 南アジアにおける幼児死亡率の不平等性とその推移に関する実証研究
  科学研究費助成事業 若手研究
  Apr. 2021 - Mar. 2024
  相澤 俊明
  昨年度は、データの収集、統計分析のプログラムの開発、データの分析を主に行った。本研究のテーマである、「南アジア地域における幼児死亡率の社会経済的な不平等性」を定量的に扱うためのフレームワークを整理し、社会経済状況に応じた幼児死亡率の差を分析するための分析手法を開発した。機械学習の考え方を応用させることで、従来では明らかにされてこなかった不平等性の要因をデータから読み解くことを試みた。
  幼児死亡率が依然として高い、南アジア5か国（アフガニスタン、バングラデッシュ、インド、ネパール、パキスタン）の最新の家計調査データ（２次データ利用）を用いて分析を行ったところ、高い社会経済的ステータスをもつ家庭に生まれた子供と、低い社会経済的ステータスを持つ家庭に生まれた子供の間で、生後１２か月の間の死亡率（幼児死亡率）に有意な差が見られた。観察された差を分解分析したところ、母親の出産時の年齢等のデモグラフィックな要素の違いに起因する差、両親の教育水準の差に起因する差、家計の生活水準の差に起因する差が観察された死亡率の差と強く関連していたことが明らかになった。これらの結果は、不平等性を是正するためには、社会的にハンディキャップを抱える家庭の子供たちに優先的に政策介入をしていくことの重要性を示唆している。昨年度はこの分析結果を論文にまとめで学術雑誌に投稿したところ、論文の分析手法の開発に関する貢献が評価され、論文はEconomics and Human Biology誌に掲載された。
  日本学術振興会, 若手研究, 早稲田大学, Principal investigator, 21K13318

• 県立船橋高校 船高カレッジ
  26 Nov. 2024
  Lecturer