Researcher basic information

• 博士（地球環境科学）, 北海道大学

• https://researchmap.jp/Ishikawa_Mamoru?lang=en

• https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=201201009846598740
• https://sites.google.com/view/mamoru-ishikawa

• 50373452

• 201201009846598740

• 永久凍土
• 湧水
• ピンゴ
• 活動層
• モンゴル
• 永久凍土発達編年
• 大雪山
• 水安定同位体
• 長期観測網
• 融雪水
• 地下氷
• 周氷河地形
• 国際情報交換
• 季節凍土
• 古気候
• 環境変動
• 地球観測
• 寒冷圏
• 国際永久凍土学会
• 水同位体比
• 硝酸同位体比
• モデル化
• 土地利用
• イギリス:ノルウェー:スイス
• 河川水
• 同位体マップ
• 水循環
• 気候指標
• 化石周氷河現象

• Environmental Science/Agriculture Science, Environmental dynamic analysis
• Humanities & Social Sciences, Geography

• Master's degree program, Graduate School of Environmental Science
• Doctoral (PhD) degree program, Graduate School of Environmental Science

Research activity information

• Machine-learning-based spatial analysis of the spring states in the southernmost Eurasian permafrost, Hangai Mountains, central Mongolia
  Ishikawa M.; Okazaki A.; Dashtseren A.; Temuujin K.; Hiyama T.
  Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, Jun. 2025, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  English, Scientific journal, 45164056;12372669
• The JapanFlux2024 dataset for eddy covariance observations covering Japan and East Asia from 1990 to 2023
  Masahito Ueyama; Yuta Takao; Hiromi Yazawa; Makiko Tanaka; Hironori Yabuki; Tomo’omi Kumagai; Hiroki Iwata; Md. Abdul Awal; Mingyuan Du; Yoshinobu Harazono; Yoshiaki Hata; Takashi Hirano; Tsutom Hiura; Reiko Ide; Sachinobu Ishida; Mamoru Ishikawa; Kenzo Kitamura; Yuji Kominami; Shujiro Komiya; Ayumi Kotani; Yuta Inoue; Takashi Machimura; Kazuho Matsumoto; Yojiro Matsuura; Yasuko Mizoguchi; Shohei Murayama; Hirohiko Nagano; Taro Nakai; Tatsuro Nakaji; Ko Nakaya; Shinjiro Ohkubo; Takeshi Ohta; Keisuke Ono; Taku M. Saitoh; Ayaka Sakabe; Takanori Shimizu; Seiji Shimoda; Michiaki Sugita; Kentaro Takagi; Yoshiyuki Takahashi; Naoya Takamura; Satoru Takanashi; Takahiro Takimoto; Yukio Yasuda; Qinxue Wang; Jun Asanuma; Hideo Hasegawa; Tetsuya Hiyama; Yoshihiro Iijima; Shigeyuki Ishidoya; Masayuki Itoh; Tomomichi Kato; Hiroaki Kondo; Yoshiko Kosugi; Tomonori Kume; Takahisa Maeda; Trofim Maximov; Ryo Moriwaki; Hiroyuki Muraoka; Roman Petrov; Jun Suzuki; Shingo Taniguchi; Kazuhito Ichii
  Copernicus GmbH, 12 Feb. 2025, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal, Abstract. Eddy covariance observations play a pivotal role in understanding the land–atmosphere exchange of energy, water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and other trace gases, as well as the global carbon cycle and earth system. To promote the networking of individual measurements and the sharing of data, FLUXNET links regional networks of researchers studying land–atmosphere processes. JapanFlux was established in 2006 as a country branch of AsiaFlux. Despite the growing number of shared data globally, the availability in Asia is currently limited. In this study, we developed an open dataset of the eddy covariance observations for Japan and East Asia, called JapanFlux2024, that was conducted by researchers affiliated with Japanese research institutions. The dataset consists of data collected at 79 sites with 652 site-years from 1990 to 2023. The data format is fully compatible with the recent FLUXNET data product, FLUXNET2015. Here, we present the data description and data processing and show the value of processed fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat, and CO2. The dataset will facilitate important studies for Japan and East Asia, such as land-atmosphere interactions, improvement of process models, and upscaling fluxes using machine learning and remote sensing technology as well as bridge collaborations between Asia and FLUXNET.
• High‐Resolution Morphometric Analysis of Patterned Grounds in the Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido, Northern Japan
  Mamoru Ishikawa; Hiro Kamiya; Go Iwahana
  Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 36, 2, 259, 271, Wiley, 20 Jan. 2025, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  English, Scientific journal, ABSTRACT
  
  We evaluated the morphology, geomorphic settings, and micrometeorological controls of sorted polygons, stripes, lobate patterns, and turf‐banked terraces in two summit areas of Daisetsu Mountain, Japan, using orthophoto images and digital surface models generated from unmanned aerial vehicle observations and structure‐from‐motion techniques and in situ records of air temperature, wind speed/direction and ground temperatures. The sorted polygons on flat terrain are equiform and large (3.5 m in mean length), but on gentle slopes, they are elliptical and small (2.9 m). Sorted stripes and lobate patterns occur on slope steeper than 3.5°–4.5°. The form transition of sorted patterned grounds is considered due to activities of frost heave and thaw settlement, gelifluction, and frost creep, as well as the spatial pattern of soil wetness. In the windward slopes steeper than 3.5°–4.5°, the ground materials move downslope, forming lobate patterns and sorted stripes. On the flat surfaces and leeward slopes, snow accumulation prevents soils from cooling in winter, provides snowmelts to the soils, and thus thickens the seasonal thawing during summer, allowing sorting at greater depths and enlarging the diameters of the frost patterned forms. Snow redistribution and snowmelt infiltration produce locally moist soils, creating favorable environments for plant growth on leeward, that is, eastward sides of microtopography. Soil movements along slopes are dammed on the slope covered with dense vegetation cover where risers of turf‐banked terrace are formed. This is the explanation why the turf‐banked terraces are typically facing slightly eastward from principal slope direction., 12372669
• 大雪山の永久凍土帯に分布する構造土の詳細形態解析
  石川 守; 神谷 宙; 岩花 剛
  雪氷研究大会講演要旨集, Sep. 2024, [Lead author]
  Japanese, Research society
• Transient Modeling of Permafrost Distribution From 1986 to 2016 in Mongolia
  Mamoru Ishikawa; Sebastian Westermann; Yamkhin Jambaljav; Avirmed Dashtseren; Tetsuya Hiyama; Nobuhiko Endo; Bernd Etzelmüller
  Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, Wiley, 29 May 2024, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  Scientific journal, ABSTRACT
  
  The distribution of permafrost in the southernmost zones is complicated in both time and space. We assessed this complexity by applying transient heat transfer schemes to model permafrost in Mongolia between 1986 and 2016. The modeling took into account the spatial distribution of soil thermal properties and time series of ground temperature profiles observed at 69 borehole sites. Spatial modeling was forced by downscaled ERA5 air temperatures that were further debiased with local meteorological records. The results indicated that permafrost warmed by 0°C to 0.4°C/decade, most significantly in eastern and northern Hangai and at high elevations in the Altai Mountains. The extent of permafrost remained stable, but the active layer was thickened, especially after the late 1990s. Forested wet soils experienced less warming, while temperatures in soils with low organic matter and low moisture content increased by 0.5°C over the modeling period. The lower limits of mountain permafrost were estimated to be between 1320 and 2030 m a.s.l., depending on the latitude. Our permafrost map allows the delineation of a complex distribution of permafrost in Mongolia, which is strongly controlled by the spatially complex topography, landcovers, and soil wetness., 12372669;45164056
• Using interferometric synthetic aperture rader (InSAR) analysis to detect ground deformation related to irreversibly changing ground ice, Mongolia
  Mamoru Ishikawa; Ram Avtar; Shixin Mo
  Land Degradation and Development, 34, 9, 2707, 2719, Wiley, 05 Apr. 2023, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  Scientific journal
• 北東ユーラシア永久凍土南限モンゴルでの過去数十年における永久凍土変遷と湧水枯渇の実態
  石川 守; Westermann S; 岡崎翌見; Dashtseren A
  日本水文科学会誌, Jan. 2023, [Peer-reviewed], [Invited], [Lead author]
  Japanese, Scientific journal
• Monitoring tropical peatlands subsidence by time-series interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique
  Deha Agus Umarhadi; Ram Avtar; Pankaj Kumar; Ali P. Yunus; Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan; Ali Kharrazi; Mamoru Ishikawa; Wirastuti Widyatmanti
  Radar Remote Sensing: Applications and Challenges, 341, 356, 01 Jan. 2022, [Peer-reviewed]
  In book
• Groundwater age of spring discharges under changing permafrost conditions: the Khangai Mountains in central Mongolia
  Tetsuya Hiyama; Avirmed Dashtseren; Kazuyoshi Asai; Hironari Kanamori; Yoshihiro Iijima; Mamoru Ishikawa
  ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 16, 1, Jan. 2021, [Peer-reviewed], [Last author]
  English, Scientific journal
• Pastoralists’ herding strategies and camp selection in the local commons—a case study of pastoral societies in mongolia
  Chifumi Ono; Mamoru Ishikawa
  Land, 9, 12, 1, 19, Dec. 2020, [Peer-reviewed]
  Scientific journal
• Permafrost is warming at a global scale
  Boris K. Biskaborn; Sharon L. Smith; Jeannette Noetzli; Heidrun Matthes; Gonçalo Vieira; Dmitry A. Streletskiy; Philippe Schoeneich; Vladimir E. Romanovsky; Antoni G. Lewkowicz; Andrey Abramov; Michel Allard; Julia Boike; William L. Cable; Hanne H. Christiansen; Reynald Delaloye; Bernhard Diekmann; Dmitry Drozdov; Bernd Etzelmüller; Guido Grosse; Mauro Guglielmin; Thomas Ingeman-Nielsen; Ketil Isaksen; Mamoru Ishikawa; Margareta Johansson; Halldor Johannsson; Anseok Joo; Dmitry Kaverin; Alexander Kholodov; Pavel Konstantinov; Tim Kröger; Christophe Lambiel; Jean-Pierre Lanckman; Dongliang Luo; Galina Malkova; Ian Meiklejohn; Natalia Moskalenko; Marc Oliva; Marcia Phillips; Miguel Ramos; A. Britta K. Sannel; Dmitrii Sergeev; Cathy Seybold; Pavel Skryabin; Alexander Vasiliev; Qingbai Wu; Kenji Yoshikawa; Mikhail Zheleznyak; Hugues Lantuit
  Nature Communications, 10, 1, 264, 264, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 16 Jan. 2019, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
  English, Scientific journal
• Transient tracer concentrations of spring discharges at discontinuous permafrost zone in northern Mongolia
  Hiyama Tetsuya; Avirmed Dashtseren; Asai Kazuyoshi; Kanamori Hironari; Iijima Yoshihiro; Ishikawa Mamoru
  Proceeding of Annual Conference, 32, 170, 170, THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES, 2019
  Japanese,

  Tracer concentrations of spring discharges were analyzed to detect ground ice melting at discontinuous permafrost zone of northern Mongolia. Tritium and chlorofluorocarbons were used as the transient tracers. Five spring discharges were selected and the water samples were collected at six times from August 2015 to April 2018. The concentrations at two thermokarst landscapes were very low. However, those time series showed gradual increase. This implied that recently recharged rainwater began to contribute to the spring discharges at the thermokarst sites. On the contrary, tracer concentrations in non-thermokarst sites were higher, and gradual decreases were observed. This might be due to seasonal change in contributions of recently recharged rainwater to the spring discharges at the non-thermokarst sites. Atmospheric water budget analysis indicated that net precipitation was almost zero in the region. Therefore, net recharge could be also negligible and thus spring discharge contained large amount of ground ice-melt water.

• Thermal states, responsiveness, and degradation of marginal permafrost in Mongolia
  Ishikawa M; Jamvaljav Y; Dashtseren A; Sharkhuu N; Gamboo D; Iijima Y; Baatarbileg N; Yoshikawa K
  Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 29, 4, 271, 282, Nov. 2018, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author]
  English, Scientific journal
• Effect of local community’s environmental perception on trust in a mining company: a case study in Mongolia
  Dagvadorj L; Byamba B; Ishikawa M
  Sustainability, 10, 614, 2018, [Peer-reviewed], [Last author, Corresponding author]
  Scientific journal
• Regional evaluation on permafrost environmental change in eastern Eurasia
  Iijima Yoshihiro; Ishikawa Mamoru; Ohta Takeshi; Kotani Ayumi; Saito Hitoshi; Hotaek Park; Hiyama Tetsuya
  Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2018, 56, 56, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, 2018
  Japanese
• Groundwater age of spring discharges around Khangai Mountains in Mongolia
  Hiyama Tetsuya; Dashtseren Avirmed; Asai Kazuyoshi; Kanamori Hironari; Iijima Yoshihiro; Ishikawa Mamoru
  Proceeding of Annual Conference, 31, 184, 184, THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES, 2018, [Last author]
  Japanese, In order to detect ground ice melting in an isolated permafrost zone of Mongolia, groundwater age was determined around the Khangai Mountains by the use of transient tracers of tritium and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Spring water samples were collected from August 2015 to April 2018, at several discharge sites including two thermokarst landscapes. Tritium and CFCs concentrations of the spring water discharges at the two thermokarst landscapes were very low. An atmospheric water budget analysis indicated that net precipitation (i.e. net recharge to the groundwater zone) was almost zero at the southern part of the Khangai Mountains. Thus, it was implied that one of the spring water at the thermokarst site contained large amount of ground ice-melt water. Additionally, because the CFCs concentrations at the thermokarst site have been decreasing gradually, the permafrost thawing is now progressive.
• Municipal Solid Waste Management in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: Systems Analysis
  Bolorchimeg Byamba; Mamoru Ishikawa
  SUSTAINABILITY, 9, 6, Jun. 2017, [Peer-reviewed], [Last author, Corresponding author]
  English, Scientific journal
• SPATIAL MODELLING OF MONGOLIAN PERMAFROST -STATISTICAL AND STOCHASTIC APPROACHES-
  Ishikawa Mamoru
  Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2017, 45, 45, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, 2017, [Lead author]
  Japanese
• Formation Chronology of Arsain Pingo, Darhad Basin, Northern Mongolia
  Mamoru Ishikawa; Jambaljav Yamkhin
  PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES, 27, 3, 297, 306, Jul. 2016, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  English, Scientific journal
• Thermokarst lake changes in the southern fringe of Siberian permafrost region in Mongolia using Corona, Landsat, and ALOS satellite imagery from 1962 to 2007
  Saruulzaya A; Ishikawa M; Jambaljav Y
  Advances in Remote Sensing, 5, 215, 231, 2016, [Peer-reviewed], [Corresponding author]
• Temperature Regimes of the Active Layer and Seasonally Frozen Ground under a Forest-Steppe Mosaic, Mongolia
  Avirmed Dashtseren; Mamoru Ishikawa; Yoshihiro Iijima; Yamkin Jambaljav
  PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES, 25, 4, 295, 306, Oct. 2014, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Interannual and seasonal variations in energy and carbon exchanges over the larch forests on the permafrost in northeastern Mongolia
  Shin Miyazaki; Mamoru Ishikawa; Nachin Baatarbileg; Sodov Daradinsuren; Nymsambuu Ariuntuya; Yamkhin Jambaljav
  POLAR SCIENCE, 8, 2, 166, 182, Jun. 2014, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Climate change model predicts 33 % rice yield decrease in 2100 in Bangladesh
  Mohammed R. Karim; Mamoru Ishikawa; Motoyoshi Ikeda; Md. Tariqul Islam
  AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 32, 4, 821, 830, Oct. 2012, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Hydrological cycle in relation to permafrost environment in forest-grassland ecotone in Mongolia
  IIJIMA Yoshihiro; ISHIKAWA Mamoru; JAMBALJAV Yamkin
  日本水文科学会誌 = Journal of Japanese Association of Hydrological Sciences, 42, 3, 119, 130, 日本水文科学会, 31 Aug. 2012, [Peer-reviewed]
  Japanese
• Thermal States of Mongolian Permafrost
  Ishikawa M; Sharkhuu N; Jambaljav Y; Davaa G; Yoshikawa K; Ohata T
  Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Permafrost, 2012, 173, 178, The Association of Japanese Geographers, 2012, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  English, Permafrost has been degrading over large areas of the world. Hence, organizing and sustaining continuous observations to monitor the long-term thermal state of permafrost at various locations is important. Mongolia, southern fringe of the Siberian permafrost region, is characterized by arid, mountainous land underlain mainly by sporadic-to-continuous permafrost. This permafrost has temperatures close to 0°C and hence is highly vulnerable to climate-induced warming. We drilled new research boreholes and evaluated the thermal states for better understanding of the thermal states of Mongolian permafrost. I discuss their decadal changes based on the currently available thermal data from 48 research boreholes.
  
• Modeling of seasonal water balance for crop production in Bangladesh with implications for future projection
  Mohammed R. Karim; Mamoru Ishikawa; Motoyoshi Ikeda
  Italian Journal of Agronomy, 7, 2, 146, 153, Page Press Publications, 2012, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Analysis of the Sources of Variation in L-band Backscatter From Terrains With Permafrost
  Manabu Watanabe; Gaku Kadosaki; Yongwon Kim; Mamoru Ishikawa; Keiji Kushida; Yuki Sawada; Takeo Tadono; Masami Fukuda; Motoyuki Sato
  IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING, 50, 1, 44, 54, Jan. 2012, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Preliminary analysis of Long-term hydro-meteorological, ecological and dendro-chronological monitoring over the larch forests on the permafrost in northern Mongolia
  MIYAZAKI Shin; ISHIKAWA Mamoru; Nanzand BILEGBAATAR; Nachin BAATARBILEG; Sodov DAMDINSUREN; Yamkhin JAMBALJAV
  Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2012, 100092, 100092, The Association of Japanese Geographers, 2012
  To clarify the heat, water carbon exchange process and dynamics by comprehensive approach, we started long term monitoring of the eddy-correlation based flux observations, the hydro-climatic observations, the phonological camera monitoring and sap flow measurement at the 25-m height tower and forest around the tower in the Udleg (48 15’43.7” N, 106 50’56.6”E, altitude: 1264m) over the larch forest in Research Forest of NUM in northern Mongolia since 2009. We’ve also carried out the tree-ring observation to get the stand history (age, growth rate, fire, drought etc.) and dendrometer observation to get the diameter growth of larch trees.
• Energy and carbon balances with phenology over the larch forests on the permafrost in northern Mongolia
  Miyazaki Shin; Ishikawa Mamoru; Baatarbileg Nachin; Damdinsuren Sodov; Jambaljav Yamkhin
  Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2012, 100053, 100053, The Association of Japanese Geographers, 2012
  To clarify the heat, water carbon exchange process and dynamics by comprehensive approach, we have carried out the long term monitoring of the energy and carbon balances, the hydro-climatic, the phonological camera monitoring and sap flow measurement at the 25-m height tower and larch forest around the tower in the Udleg (N48, E106, altitude: 1264m) in permafrost area of northern Mongolia since 2010. We have found that the close relationship between phenology (leaf emergence, growth and senescence) of larch trees with hydro-climate condition (soil moisture and snow cover) and energy/carbon budget.
• Performance of Dynamic Downscaling for Extreme Weather Event in Eastern Mongolia: Case Study of Severe Windstorm on 26 May 2008
  Altangerel Batbold; Tomonori Sato; Mamoru Ishikawa; Jamba Tsogt
  SOLA, 7, 1, 117, 120, 2011, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Recent Climatic Effects on Seasonal Rice Yields in Bangladesh: A statistical overview
  Karim R; Ikeda M; Ishikawa M
  Agricultural Science and Technology B, 1, 7, 950, 963, 2011, [Peer-reviewed], [Corresponding author]
  English, Scientific journal
• Geomorphic features associated with frozen ground in the Darhad depression, northern Mongolia
  Mamoru Ishikawa; Takahiro Sakai; Y. A. Jambaljav
  Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2011, 238, 2011
  Scientific journal
• The effect of change in internal structure of stem on ice segregation of keiskea japonica
  Junya Tamaru; Mamoru Ishikawa; Shin Miyazaki
  Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2011, 154, 2011, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Permafrost Observatory of Mongolia, southern boundary of Eurasian permafrost region
  Ishikawa Mamoru; Jambaljav Ya; Ohata Tetsuo
  Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2009, 199, 199, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, 2009, [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  Japanese, Scientific journal
• Interannual variability of total snow water equivalent in the upper Tuul river basin, Mongolia:Snow survey from 2002 until 2009
  Sugiura Konosuke; Kadota Tsutomu; Iijima Yoshihiro; Konya Keiko; Zhang Yinsheng; Ishikawa Mamoru; Yamazaki Takeshi; Purevdagva Khalzan; Davaa Gombo; Ohata Tetsuo
  Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2009, 237, 237, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, 2009
  Japanese, Scientific journal
• Sublimation from thin snow cover at the edge of the Eurasian cryosphere in Mongolia
  Yinsheng Zhang; M. Ishikawa; T. Ohata; D. Oyunbaatar
  HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, 22, 18, 3564, 3575, Aug. 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• The temperature regime in boreholes at Nalaikh and Terelj Sites, Mongolia
  Jambaljav, Y; Dashtseren, A; Solongo, D; Saruulzaya, A; Battoghtokh, D; Iijima, Y; Ishikawa, M; Zhang Y; Yabuki H; Kadota T
  Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Permafrost, Fairbanks, 821, 825, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, International conference proceedings
• Micrometeorological measurements on mountain permafrost in the Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido
  Iwahana, G; Sawada, Y; Ishikawa, M
  Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Permafrost, Fairbanks, 808, 825, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, International conference proceedings
• Comparable energy balance measurements on the permafrost and immediately adjacent permafrost-free slopes at the southern boundary of Eurasian permafrost, Mongolia
  Ishikawa, M; Iijima, Y; Zhang, Y; Kadota, T; Yabuki, H; Ohata, T; Dorjgotov, B; Sharkhuu, N
  Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Permafrost, Fairbanks, 795, 800, 2008, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  English, International conference proceedings
• ERT imaging for frozen ground detection
  Mamoru Ishikawa
  Applied Geophysics in Periglacial Environments, 109, 117, 01 Jan. 2008, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  In book
• Interannual variations in hydro climatic environment in relation with frozen ground at the forest slope in northern Mongolian mountain
  IIJIMA Yoshihiro; ISHIKAWA Mamoru; OHATA Tetsuo
  Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2008, 185, 185, The Association of Japanese Geographers, 2008
  Japanese,
  I．はじめに
  モンゴル北部の山岳地域の北向き斜面には，カラマツを優占種とする森林が広がり，その地下部には永久凍土が存在する．森林内の土壌では，凍土面が不透水層となって暖候期の活動層（地表面付近の融解した土壌層）内に土壌水分を保つ効果があると考えられ，永久凍土は降水量が少ない地域でありながらも森林の成立する環境を維持する重要な役割を果たしていると考えられる。また，森林の生長ならびに蒸散活動には，積雪の融解から活動層厚の変化，降水量の供給，土壌水分貯留量の変化など，凍土環境下での水文気候が大きな役割を果たしている．
  本研究では，2004年から北向き斜面の森林内において，森林の樹液流測定と，林床での総合気象観測を継続しており，森林での水収支の年々変動を比較できる観測結果が蓄積されてきた．本発表では，4年間の観測結果を用いて，森林での植物生長・フェノロジー・蒸散量の季節変化に影響する凍土－水文気象条件の対応関係を検討した．
  
  II．研究地域と観測方法
  本研究の観測地点は，モンゴル国の首都ウランバートルの東北東約50kmに位置する，Tuul川上流のShijir川流域内の南北斜面である．観測サイトは，南向き草原斜面（標高1,670m）と，北向き森林斜面 (カラマツ（Larix sibirica Ledeb）が優占；標高1,640m）である．
  森林斜面では，地温，土壌水分量，Granier法による樹液流（カラマツ12個体）測定結果を用いた．50x50mの樹木調査結果から辺材面積の合計を推定し，平均樹液流速と総辺材面積の積によって樹木からの蒸散量を推定した．同時に，カラマツ4個体に対し，デンドロメータで直径方向の幹生長量測定を行なった．林床での長波放射量の比を樹木の展葉・落葉の指標とした．また，草原斜面の総合気象観測データから降水量の観測データを利用した．
  
  III．結果
  図1に2004～2007年の降水量，森林内の土壌水分量，蒸発散量の季節変化を示す．5～9月の降水量は194mm（2007年）～255 mm（2005年）で変動しているが，多降水の時期は年によってかなり異なっている．蒸散活動との関係では，6月～7月上旬の降水量と，その年の蒸散量の最大値（7月中旬～8月上旬での値）に良い対応関係が認められた．特に，降水が多かった2004年（6月1日～7月10日の降水量が103mm）は夏季の蒸散量のピークが最も大きくなった．また，2005年と2007年には7月中旬～下旬にかけて蒸散量が一時的に低下する期間が現れていた．これは約10日～半月程度降水量が少なくなるモンゴルの「雨季の中休み」(Iwasaki and Nii, 2006; J. Climate 19, 3394-3405)に対応するものと考えられる．このように，蒸散活動には植物生長期間内での降水のタイミングが重要であることが示唆される．
  植物生長の季節変化は消雪時期とその後の凍土融解との関係が深い．2004年，2007年は融解時期が早く，4月上旬から地温上昇と共に土壌水分量が増加している．
  以上から，この森林では，降水の時期に加えて，消雪時期と凍土融解（活動層発達）の開始の早遅が組み合わさることで，植物生長と蒸散量の季節変化，変動量が影響を受けていることが明らかとなった．降水量と森林蒸発散量の変動は森林からの流出変動を規定するため，ウランバートルの水資源としても重要なトーレ川における流域水収支の解明の上でも重要な陸面過程であるといえる．
• Micrometeorological measurements on mountain permafrost in Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido, Japan.
  Iwahana, G; Sawada, Y; Ishikawa, M; Katamura, F; Sone, T; Sueyoshi, T; Harada, K
  Ninth International Conference on Permafrost, 1, 6, 809, 814, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Hydrothermal regimes of the dry active layer
  M Ishikawa; YS Zhang; T Kadota; T Ohata
  WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 42, 4, doi:10.1029/2005WR004200, Apr. 2006, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  English, Scientific journal
• Land-surface energy interactions on permafrost and permafrost-free slopes at the southern boundary of Eurasian permafrost regions, Mongolia
  Ishikawa Mamoru; Iijima yoshihiro; Zhang Yinsheng; Kadota tsutomu; Ohata Tetsuo; Battoghtokh D
  Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2006, 193, 193, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, 2006
  Japanese
• Preliminary report of environmental regulation of xylem sap-flow at the northern faced forest slope
  IIJIMA Yoshihiro; ISHIKAWA Mamoru; SUZUKI Kazuyoshi; DORJGOTOV Battogtokh; SHARKHUMM Natsagdr; KADOTA Tsutomu; OHTA Tetsuo
  筑波大学陸域環境研究センター報告, Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Terrestrial Change in Mongolia: Joint Workshop of AMPEX, IORGC and RAISE Projects = Bulletin of the Terrestrial Environment Research Center, the University of Tsukuba, Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Terrestrial Change in Mongolia: Joint Workshop of AMPEX, IORGC and RAISE Projects, 5, 78, 81, Mar. 2005
  English
• Analysis of crack movements observed in an alpine bedrock cliff
  M Ishikawa; Y Kurashige; K Hirakawa
  EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS, 29, 7, 883, 891, Jul. 2004, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  English, Scientific journal
• Application of DC resistivity imaging to frozen ground investigations
  Mamoru Ishikawa
  Seppyo, 66, 2, 177, 186, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2004, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  English, Frozen ground in discontinuous permafrost zones is characterized by complicated spatial distribution and large seasonal fluctuations in unfrozen water contents.Direct current(DC)resistivity imaging performed in the northeastern Mongolia, Daisetsu Mountains of northern Japan and Kanchanjunga Himal of eastern Nepal demonstrate this technique as an effective method for observing frozen ground characteristics which supplemented with additional observation such as ground temperature measurements.DC resistivity imaging is shown to be useful for delineating isolated frozen ground and buried ice bodies in the areas with large topographic and subsurface inhomogeneties.Seasonal changes in resistivity values at the Mongolian site are related to the spatio-temporal changes in soil water condition both in the active and upper layers of the permafrost.These are advantages unique to DC resistivity imaging that are not found with conventional methods such as one-dimensional geophysical soundings of plane-layer approximations, excavation and time-domain reflectometry(TDR)measurements.
• Ground thermal and moisture conditions at the southern boundary of discontinuous permafrost, Mongolia
  Ishikawa M; Sharkhuu N; Zhang Y; Kadota T; Ohata T
  Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 29, 2, 883, 891, 2004, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Thermal regime of sporadic permafrost in a block slope on Mt. Nishi-Nupukaushinupuri, Hokkaido Island, Northern Japan
  Y Sawada; M Ishikawa; Y Ono
  GEOMORPHOLOGY, 52, 1-2, 121, 130, May 2003, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Thermal regimes at the snow-ground interface and their implications for permafrost investigation
  M Ishikawa
  GEOMORPHOLOGY, 52, 1-2, 105, 120, May 2003, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  English, Scientific journal
• Spatial mountain permafrost modelling in the Dalsetsu Mountains, northern Japan
  M Ishikawa
  PERMAFROST, VOLS 1 AND 2, 1, 473, 478, 2003, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  English, International conference proceedings
• patial conditions of frozen ground and soil moisture at the southern boundary of discontinuous permafrost in Mongolia
  Ishikawa M; Zhang Y; Kadota T; Ohata T; Sharkhuu N
  8th International Conference on Permafrost Extended Abstracts on Current Research and Newly Available Information. Zürich, Switzerland, 67, 68, 2003, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  English, International conference proceedings
• Tephrochronology of Fluvial Terraces and Periglacial Phenomena in the Shirataki Basin, Northern Hokkaido, Japan
  NAKAMURA Yugo; HIRAKAWA Kazuomi; ISHIKAWA Mamoru
  Geographical Studies, 2003, 77, 17, 25, The Hokkaido Geographical Society, 2003, [Peer-reviewed]
  Japanese
• Gelifluction within a solifluction lobe in the Karkevagge Valley, Swedish Lapland
  H Matsumoto; M Ishikawa
  GEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES A-PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, 84A, 3-4, 261, 266, 2002, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Mountain permafrost in Japan: distribution, landforms and thermal regimes
  Ishikawa M; Fukui K; Aoyama M; Ikeda A; Sawada Y; Matsuoka N
  Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie. N. F., Suppl.-Bd, 130, 99, 116, 2002, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Pictorial 3 : Permafrost Environment on a Block Slope in Mt. Nishi-Nupukaushinupuri, Central Hokkaido, Japan
  SAWADA Yuki; ISHIKAWA Mamoru
  J. Geogr., 111, 4, Plate6, Plate6, Tokyo Geographical Society, 2002
• Genetic differences of rock glaciers and the discontinuous mountain permafrost zone in Kanchanjunga Himal, eastern Nepal
  M Ishikawa; T Watanabe; N Nakamura
  PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES, 12, 3, 243, 253, Jul. 2001, [Peer-reviewed], [Lead author, Corresponding author]
  English, Scientific journal
• Distribution of mountain permafrost in the Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido, northern Japan
  Mamoru Ishikawa
  phD thesis, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, 2001, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Doctoral thesis
• GIS-simulation of the spatial distribution of snow cover and observed ground temperatures in the Daisetsu Mountains, Japan
  M. Ishikawa; T. Sawagaki
  Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift, 55, 4, 212, 218, 2001, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• Mountain permafrost distribution based on BTS measurements and DC resistivity soundings in the Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido, Japan
  Mamoru Ishikawa; Kazuomi Hirakawa
  Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 11, 2, 109, 123, 2000, [Peer-reviewed]
  English, Scientific journal
• 大雪山主稜線付近に分布する完新世テフラ-同定と高山環境変動の問題検討への意義-
  中村有吾; 片山美紀; 平川一臣; 石川 守
  北海道地理, 73, 73, 85, 91, The Hokkaido Geographical Society, 1999
  Japanese

• Landforms associated with excess ice dynamics on marginal permafrost zones
  石川守; 檜山哲哉; SARUULZAYA Adiya, 日本地理学会発表要旨集, 103, 103, 2023, [Lead author]
  Japanese
• 地球を俯瞰する自然地理学 No.94 モンゴル遊牧社会と永久凍土
  石川守, 科学, 91, 10, 2021
• Implementation of North-eastern Eurasia PMM Terrestrial UNited validation Experiment (NEPTUNE)
  GOMBOLUUDEV Purevjav; OYUNBAATAR Dambaravjaa; IIJIMA Yoshihiro; AIDA Kentaro; ASANUMA Jun; ISHIKAWA Mamoru; IWASAKI Hiroyuki; OHTA Takeshi; KOTANI Ayumi; SATO Tomonori; SHINODA Masato; SUGIURA Konosuke; PARK Hotaek; HIYAMA Tetsuya; HIRASAWA Naohiko; KANEKO Yuki; HORI Masahiro, 三重大学大学院生物資源学研究科紀要, 43, 15, 25, Sep. 2017
  A core observatory satellite of the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) has been launched by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in February 2014. The satellite can newly observe both liquid and solid precipitation in the high latitude region. Verification of this data is indispensable for improving observation accuracy toward utilization for hydrological cycle and water resource researches in the land area of cold region. This research project "NEPTUNE" aims for comprehensive validation of summer precipitation (rain), winter precipitation (snow fall) and their spatial distribution based on ground truth data obtained by our observation network which we will improve in Northeast Eurasia (Hokkaido, Mongolia and East Siberia), and combining other satellite data analyses. In addition, the project extends to clarify possibilities of GPM data for future applied research using modelling techniques of land surface processes, distributed river runoff, and regional climate.宇宙航空研究開発機構によって2014 年2 月に打ち上げられた全球降水観測計画（GPM: Global Precipitation Measurement）の主衛星は高緯度地域の降水量が新規に得られる。このデータの検証は，今後の寒冷圏陸域の水循環・水資源研究等への利用促進に向けた観測精度の向上を図るうえで必要不可欠である。本研究プロジェクトでは，観測研究を実施してきた国内外の機関が協働して，北東ユーラシア（主としてモンゴル・東シベリア）で既設の観測システムを改良し，他の衛星データ解析と合わせて，夏季降水（降雨），冬季降水（降積雪）およびそれらの空間分布に関する地上検証を行う。また，今後の応用研究に向けて，陸面モデル・分布型河川流出モデル，メソ気象モデルを利用した，地域規模のGPM 観測データの利用可能性を検討する。, 三重大学大学院生物資源学科研究科, Japanese
• 気候変動と永久凍土 : 全球規模での永久凍土観測網による知見—北半球寒冷圏陸域の気候・環境変動
  石川 守, 気象研究ノート, 230, 114, 134, Oct. 2014, [Peer-reviewed]
  東京 : 日本気象学会, Japanese
• Climate Change and Permafrost
  Ishikawa Mamoru, Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2013, 27, 2013
  The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese
• モンゴルにおける大気‐陸面相互作用の数値実験
  佐藤友徳; XUE Yongkang; BATBOLD Altangerel; 石川守, 天気, 59, 5, 387-388, 31 May 2012
  Japanese
• Monitoring of Permafrost in the Daisetsu Mountains
  Iwahana Go; Ishikawa Mamoru; Sone Toshio; Sawada Yuki; Katamura Fumitaka; Sueyoshi Tetsuo; Harada Koichiroi, Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2011, 88, 01 Jan. 2011
• Evaluation of Temporal-Spatial Heat Distribution at a Permafrost Area of Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido
  Takehiro Maeda; Hidenori Arai; Go Iwahana; Mamoru Ishikawa, Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2009, 146, 2009
  English
• Quantifying the water cycle components at a permafrost area of Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido
  Hidenori Arai; Takehiro Maeda; Mamoru Ishikawa; Go Iwahana; Atsuko Sugimoto, Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2009, 147, 01 Jan. 2009
• Sustainable ecosystem services of Mongolia
  ISHIKAWA Mamoru, Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2008s, 240, 240, 2008
  
  1. はじめに
  モンゴルの首都ウランバートルを中心とした南北約200ｋｍの狭い回廊は，森林－草原－砂漠へと遷移する鮮明なエコトーンであり、様々な地球環境問題が縮図的に具現されているところである。とりわけ、森林破壊、草原劣化、砂漠化など、地域住民の生活基盤を脅かすような問題が深刻化している。この原因として、急激に進行している温暖化・乾燥化などを挙げることが出来るが、人威圧も強く影響している。気候変動が顕在化し始めた1990年代初めに、モンゴルの社会構造は計画経済から市場経済へと大きく変貌した。その結果、これまで社会主義体制下で計画的・持続的に管理されてきた生態系サービスが、資本主義下での個人の利潤追求やグローバリズムのもと、その許容量を超えた利用に晒されている。有効な対策を打ち立てるには、地域の自然環境と社会背景の両者をバランスよく理解していく必要がある。
  
  2. 永久凍土の恩恵
  
  当該地域は、ユーラシア永久凍土帯の南限で不連続永久凍土帯に位置する。永久凍土が存在する北向き斜面はカラマツからなる密な森林に覆われるが、南向き斜面は草原となっている（Ishikawa et al., 2004）。土壌空隙が氷で満たされた永久凍土は不透水層として作用し、降雨水の地下深部への浸透を妨げ、土壌を湿潤に保つ。このことが、降水量が寡少なこの地域に森林が成立させる。地域住民は、森林を薪や生活資材の供給源や水源として、草原を遊牧地として利用している。
  
  森林・草原成立の物理条件を解明するために、2003年夏からウランバートル近郊のテレルジと呼ばれる集落近くの草地と森林斜面にて地温や土壌水分量、気温、放射成分、湿度、降水量、積雪深などを連続観測している．両観測点の気象条件は近接するにも関わらず大きく異なる。森林斜面の年平均気温は草原のそれより３℃も低い。森林斜面では日射は樹冠によって遮られ、林床に達する純放射量は草原のそれの1/8に過ぎない。しかし、これだけの条件では森林斜面に永久凍土が存在することを説明出来ない。活動層－大気間での熱収支解析（Ishikawa et al., 2006）から、土壌の熱物理特性の重要性が示された。森林土壌は、カラマツからの落葉や落枝によって涵養された有機物を多く含み空隙率が大きい。土壌熱伝導率は極めて低く夏期の地温上昇が抑えられる。森林は永久凍土の恩恵を受けるだけでなく、能動的に永久凍土を維持している。
  
  3 土地利用を巡る地域住民の意識
  
  地域住民（遊牧民）は市場経済下でも森林の過剰な利用を慎んできた。この背景には法的な制約に加え、古くからの森林崇拝の思想がある。聞き取り調査では、住民は森林の水源涵養機能を経験的に認識していることや、違法伐採者に厳しく対処する姿勢をもっていることなどを垣間見ることができた。むしろ、虫害による樹木の枯死や火災による森林衰退を危惧している。市場経済移行後、殺虫剤が国家によって配布されなくなったことを問題視する住民がいたが、近年顕在化してきた気候変動（温暖化・乾燥化）も大きな要因であろう。なお、彼らは気候変動に関する科学的な知識をほとんど持ちあわせていない。
  
  降水量変動は草原の生態系サービスに強く影響する。住民は、近年雨が減り牧草の草丈が低くなってきたと話す。このような生活上の体験から気候変動を実感し始めているようである。社会主義時代とは異なり、現在遊牧民は自由に家畜を飼える。草原劣化の要因として増えすぎた家畜が考えられるが、そのような危惧は住民からはあまり聞かれない。むしろ、様々な制約があった社会主義時代よりも自己責任で自由に利潤を追求できる現体制のほうが好ましいと考えている。ただし、野放図な草原利用・劣化を避けるための決まりごとも、様々な組織・地域レベルで存在することを付記しておく。
  
  
  引用
  
  Ishikawa, M., et al., 2006, Hydrothermal regimes of the dry active layer. Water Resour. Res. 42, W04401, doi:10.1029/2005WR004200.
  
  Ishikawa, M., et al., 2004, Ground thermal and moisture conditions at the southern boundary of discontinuous permafrost, Mongolia, Permafr. Periglac. Proc. 16. 209-216., The Association of Japanese Geographers, Japanese
• Snow survey in the upper Tuul river basin, 2002-2008
  Sugiura Konosuke; Kadota Tsutomu; Iijima Yoshihiro; Zhang Yinsheng; Mamoru Ishikawa; Yamazaki Takeshi; Purevdagva Khalzan; Davaa Gombo; Ohata Tetsuo, Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2008, 0, 53, 53, 2008
  The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese
• Long-term estimation of water and energy budget in a taiga forest in eastern Siberia:recent soil moisture and temperature
  Yamazaki Takeshi; Iijima Yoshihiro; Ishikawa Mamoru, Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2008, 0, 7, 7, 2008
  The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese
• Permafrost degradation by the forest fire disturbance in Poker Flat Research Range, Alaska
  Sawada Yuki; Harada Koichiro; Ishii Yoshiyuki; Kodama Yuji; Narita Kenji; Tsuyuzaki Shiro; Ishikawa Mamoru; Fukuda Masami, Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2007, 104, 104, 2007
  THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, Japanese
• Frozen ground sciences influencing climate and water cycle : Reviews and perspectives
  ISHIKAWA Mamoru; SAITO Kazuyuki, Journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 68, 6, 639, 656, 15 Nov. 2006
  The largest cryospheric components on Earth are the frozen grounds that occupy approximately 60% of the northern hemispheric land areas; these regions influence climates and water cycles on various spatio-temporal scales. Nevertheless, many hydro-meteorological studies on cold regions have only implicitly considered frozen ground processes. This situation requires a thorough change in the light of recent global warming issues; future studies should focus on more explicit representations of frozen grounds and their interrelation to the climate, meteorology, and hydrology. This study includes..., The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, Japanese
• A111 2002-2006年モンゴル・トーレ川流域積雪調査(スペシャルセッション「2005/06年の異常な冬について」I)
  杉浦 幸之助; 門田 勤; ZHANG Yinsheng; 石川 守; 山崎 剛; PUREVDAGVA Khalzan; AMARSANAA Yungeren; OYUNBAATAR Dambaravjaa; DAVAA Gombo; SHARKHUU Natsagdorj; 大畑 哲夫, 大会講演予講集, 90, 0, 37, 37, 30 Sep. 2006
  社団法人日本気象学会, Japanese
• Seasonal variation in transpiration and trunk growth at Larch forest slope in northern Mongolian mountain
  IIJIMA Yoshihiro; ISHIKAWA Mamoru; KADOTA Tsutomu; OHATA Tetsuo, 日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 69, 10 Mar. 2006
  Japanese
• Simulation study of water and heat cycles in the Tuul River Basin, Mongolia
  Sugiura Konosuke; Hirashima Hiroyuki; Ohata Tetsuo; Sato Atsushi; Kadota Tsutomu; Zhang Yinsheng; Ishikawa Mamoru, Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2006, 0, 160, 160, 2006
  THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, Japanese
• 第2回ヨーロッパ永久凍土会議 (2^ European Conference on Permafrost) 報告
  福井 幸太郎; 曽根 敏雄; 石川 守; 原田 鉱一郎, 雪氷 : 日本雪氷協會雜誌, 67, 5, 457, 459, 15 Sep. 2005
  日本雪氷学会, Japanese
• CliC 1^ Scientific Conference 報告
  大畑 哲夫; 石川 守; 石井 吉之; 榎本 浩之; 杉浦 幸之助; 鈴木 和良; 本山 秀明, 雪氷 : 日本雪氷協會雜誌, 67, 4, 372, 377, 15 Jul. 2005
  日本雪氷学会, Japanese
• Annual observation of frozen ground by resistivity and neutron prospecting
  Ishikawa Mamoru, Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2005, 197, 197, 2005
  THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE
• Observing frozen ground by combined use of DC resistivity and neutron probing methods
  ISHIKAWA Mamoru; KADOTA Tsutomu; OHATA Tetsuo; SHARKHUU Natsagdorj, 日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 65, 63, 63, 27 Mar. 2004
  Japanese
• Distribution of frozen grounds and soil moistures in southern boundaries of discontinuous permafrost
  ISHIKAWA Mamoru; ZHANG Yinsheng; KADOTA Tsutomu; SHARKHUU Natsagdorj; OHATA Tetsuo, 日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 63, 159, 159, 29 Mar. 2003
  Japanese
• 第8回国際永久凍土学会(スイス・チューリッヒ)に参加して
  石川 守; 松岡 憲知; 池田 敦, 地形, 24, 4, 435, 443, 2003
  日本地形学連合, Japanese
• Occurrence of Mountain Permafrost in the Poroshiri-dake Region, Hidaka Mountains, Hokkaido : Consideration from Year-round Monitoring of Air and Ground Surface Temperatures
  ISHIKAWA Mamoru; IWASAKI Shogo; SAWAGAKI Takanobu; HIRAKAWA Kazuomi; WATANABE Teiji, Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi), 111, 4, 574, 582, 25 Aug. 2002, [Peer-reviewed]
  Year-round air and ground-surface temperature-monitoring indicated occurrences of mountain permafrost in the Hidaka Mountains, southern Hokkaido. The results of air temperature monitoring indicated that the temperature condition in the summit areas of the Hidaka Mountains is similar to that of the lower marginal limit of the discontinuous permafrost zone. Monitoring of the ground-surface temperatures shows that ground thermal regimes vary spatially with snow cover duration and thicknesses, and surficial materials. The permafrost underlies coarse blocky materials covered with thick seasonal snow cover within the Pleistocene cirques. These conditions suggest that mountain permafrost in the Hidaka Mountains is categorized as Mountain Side Permafrost (MSP), which is found beneath mountain slopes covered with thick seasonal snow cover where the mean annual air temperature is lower 0°C. The major controls on permafrost development and preservation are ground cooling before the onset of snow accumulations and cold air concentration through blocky materials. The presence of funnels emitting warm air throughout winter indicates that the cold air circulation plays an important role in the development and the preservation of MSP., Tokyo Geographical Society, Japanese
• Depth hoar as a proxy for the ground temperature transition in winter
  SAWADA Yuki; ISHIKAWA Mamoru; ONO Yugo, Journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 64, 2, 185, 190, 15 Mar. 2002, [Peer-reviewed]
  We found a good correlation (R<SUP>2</SUP>=0.79) between the BTS (Basal Temperature of Snow) value and thickness of the depth hoar layer in a block slope at Mt. Higashi-nupukaushinupuri (1251 m a.s.l.), central Hokkaido. Temperature gradients of snow were estimated from air temperature and snow depth data in the nearest meteorological station. Maximum temperature gradients appeared in December, when snow cover was thin. This fact suggests that the temperature gradients in December can promote growing of depth hoar layers not only in the high BTS condition, but also where BTS is low. Therefo..., The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, Japanese
• 然別火山群西ヌプカウシヌプリの岩塊斜面における地下氷の形成と融解
  沢田結基; 石川守; 池田敦; 福井幸太郎, 日本地理学会発表要旨集, 61, 2002
• 第1回ヨーロッパ永久凍土会議 (イタリア・ローマ) に参加して
  松岡 憲知; 曽根 敏雄; 石川 守; 澤田 結基; 福井 幸太郎; 池田 敦, 地形 = Transactions, Japanese Geomorphological Union, 22, 2, 227, 231, 25 Apr. 2001
  日本地形学連合, Japanese
• Mountain permafrost investigation based on 2-D resistivity imaging
  ISHIKAWA Mamoru, 日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 57, 180, 181, 2000
  Japanese
• Origin of the rockglaciers in the Kangchenjunga Himal, Nepal Himalaya
  ISHIKAWA Mamoru; NAKAMURA Naohiro; WATANABE Teiji, 日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 57, 438, 439, 2000
  Japanese
• Mountain permafrost environment in Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido
  ISHIKAWA Mamoru; HIRAKAWA Kazuomi, 日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 55, 84, 85, Mar. 1999
  Japanese
• A temporary report of BTS measurements results and mountain permafrost distribution in Mt Daisetsu.
  ISHIKAWA Mamoru; HIRAKAWA Kazuomi; IWASAKI Shogo; MATSUMOTO Hotaka, 日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 54, 172, 173, Sep. 1998
  Japanese

• 北半球寒冷圏陸域の気候・環境変動（飯島慈裕・佐藤友徳 編）
  石川守, 第9章 気候変動と永久凍土－全球規模での永久凍土観測網による知見
  気象研究ノート，第230号, 2014, [Contributor]
• 図説地球環境－観測・予測－, 秋元, 阿部, 大畑, 才野, 佐久間, 鈴木, 時岡, 野田, 深澤, 村田, 安成, 吉﨑, 和田, 渡邉 編
  石川守, 凍土,
  朝倉書店, 2013, [Contributor]
• 温暖化と自然災害－世界の六つの現場から
  石川守, モンゴル北部の永久凍土の変動と森林の衰退 -気候変動と人為的影響を探る-
  古今書院, 2008, [Contributor]
• Applied Geophysics in Periglacial Environments(Kneisel C & Hauck C. eds)
  Mamoru Ishikawa, DC resistivity imaging
  Cambridge University Press, 2008, [Contributor]
• 図説，世界の地域諸問題 漆原和子・藤塚吉浩・松山 洋・大西宏治編
  石川守, 永久凍土消失にともなう諸問題
  ナカニシヤ出版, 2007, [Contributor]

• 大学院共通授業科目（一般科目）：複合領域, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目
• 寒冷陸圏環境学特論, 2024年, 修士課程, 環境科学院
• 陸圏物質循環学特論, 2024年, 修士課程, 環境科学
• 山岳環境観測法実習, 2024年, 修士課程, 環境科学院
• 国際環境保全学総論, 2024年, 修士課程, 環境科学院
• 大学院共通授業科目（教育プログラム）：JICA開発大学院連携プログラム環境科学, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目
• 大学院共通授業科目（一般科目）：自然科学・応用科学, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目
• 北極域総論, 2024年, 修士課程, 環境科学院
• 地球雪氷学基礎論, 2024年, 修士課程, 環境科学院

• Creation of information on hydrological cycle variability contributing to the maintenance of resilience in Mongolia
  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
  01 Apr. 2025 - 31 Mar. 2029
  檜山 哲哉; 朴 昊澤; 水落 裕樹; 坂井 亜規子; 石川 守; 金森 大成; 藤波 初木; 小谷 亜由美
  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Nagoya University, 25H00507
• Mapping permafrost thawing at fire-scars and onsite observations of their environmental changes
  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
  01 Apr. 2023 - 31 Mar. 2028
  古屋 正人; 石川 守; 岩花 剛; 柳谷 一輝
  永久凍土の融解により凍土中に封じ込められていた炭素(C)が再放出することによって、さらなる温暖化を生み出す可能性がPermafrost Carbon Feedbackとして懸念されているが、その実態は不明な点が多い。地上気温が徐々に上昇することに伴う凍土融解(Gradual thaw)と山火事等による地表擾乱に伴う急で突発的な凍土融解(Abrupt thaw)がありうる中で、前者はモデル予測がしやすいのに対し、後者は文字通りどこで起きるかもわからない。本研究では人工衛星搭載の合成開口レーダー(Synthetic Aperture Radar:SAR)の観測を通じて後者の定量化を目指している。対象領域として、ロシアのサハ共和国バタガイ、米国カナダ国境にあるユーコン準州ビーバークリーク、カナダのノースウェストテリトリでの森林火災跡地での融解沈下をSAR画像を用いた干渉法(Interferometric SAR:InSAR)で検出して、時空間変動を調べた。
  バタガイとビーバークリークにおいては、ALOS-2の高分解能画像(約3m)で調べることによって、現地調査との対応も詳細に調べている。Yanagiya et al (2023)で報告したバタガイの2018年火災跡では、2020年以降の3年間で最大20cmの沈降を検出した。時系列解析の結果によると、晩夏にステップ状に沈降を起こしていることが分かる。ただし、火災後内部での沈降分布は不均一が高い。
  2023年8月にも前年に引き続き、ビーバークリークの2019年火災跡地で現地調査を実施した。620メートルの観測線を設定し、30メートルおきに融解深をメタルプローブで測定した。観測線の南端で気温計、地温計を設置するとともに、隣接する非火災跡地のコントロールサイトでも同様の測定を実施した。
  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Hokkaido University, 23K25947
• 地域生態系資源の動態評価に利用できる永久凍土分布図の作成
  科研基盤Ｂ
  Mar. 2017 - Apr. 2020
  石川守
  JSPS, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding
• 確率モデリングによる境界永久凍土分布図の作成
  科研基盤C
  Apr. 2013 - Mar. 2016
  石川守
  JSPS, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding
• 知を共有化する環境リテラシーの表象と向上
  Feasibility Study
  Apr. 2011 - Mar. 2013
  石川守
  総合地球環境学研究所, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding
• 永久凍土変動の実態
  科研基盤Ｂ
  Apr. 2009 - Mar. 2012
  石川守
  JSPS, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding