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Shiraiwa Takayuki
| Institute of Low Temperature Science Pan-Okhotsk Research Center | Associate Professor |
| Arctic Research Center | Associate Professor |
Researcher basic information
■ Degree- Master in Environmental Science, Hokkaido University
- Doctor in Environmental Science, Hokkaido University
researchmap URLホームページURL■ Various IDs
Researcher number
- 90235739
- E-2000-2012
Research KeywordResearch Field■ Educational Organization
- Master's degree program, Graduate School of Environmental Science
- Doctoral (PhD) degree program, Graduate School of Environmental Science
Research activity information
■ Papers- Trans-Pacific Saharan dust recorded in Mount Logan ice core
Kana Nagashima; Kumiko Goto-Azuma; Akinori Ito; Motohiro Hirabayashi; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Sumito Matoba; Takahiro Segawa; Syosaku Kanamori; Naoko Nagatsuka
PROGRESS IN EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE, 13, 1, 15 Feb. 2026
English, Scientific journal - A simple approach for estimating freshwater discharge from a wetland stream flowing into a Brackish Lake
Manhui Ding; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Masato Nakata
Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 61, 102666, 102666, Elsevier BV, Oct. 2025, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal - Reducing soils serve as a legacy source of dissolved iron to northern Hokkaido rivers during the autumn low-water season
Yuto Tashiro; Takeo Onishi; Rin Watanabe; Takayuki Shiraiwa
Hydrological Research Letters, 19, 3, 164, 170, Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources, 2025, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal - Estimation of Freshwater Discharge from the Gulf of Alaska Drainage Basins
Peng Xin; Muqing Shi; Humio Mitsudera; Takayuki Shiraiwa
Water, 16, 18, 2690, 2690, MDPI AG, 21 Sep. 2024, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal, The freshwater discharge from catchments along the Gulf of Alaska, termed Alaska discharge, is characterized by significant quantity and variability. Owing to subarctic climate and mountainous topography, the Alaska discharge variations may deliver possible impacts beyond the local hydrology. While short-term and local discharge estimation has been frequently realized, a longer time span and a discussion on cascading impacts remain unexplored in this area. In this study, the Alaska discharge during 1982–2022 is estimated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The adequate balance between the model complexity and the functional efficiency of SWAT suits the objective well, and discharge simulation is successfully conducted after customization in melting calculations and careful calibrations. During 1982−2022, the Alaska discharge is estimated to be 14,396 ± 819 m3⋅s−1⋅yr−1, with meltwater contributing approximately 53%. Regarding variation in the Alaska discharge, the interannual change is found to be negatively correlated with sea surface salinity anomalies in the Alaska Stream, while the decadal change positively correlates with the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, with reasonable time lags in both cases. These new findings provide insights into the relationship between local hydrology and regional climate in this area. More importantly, we provide rare evidence that variation in freshwater discharge may affect properties beyond the local hydrology. - Estimating future streamflow under climate and land use change conditions in northeastern Hokkaido, Japan
Muqing Shi; Takayuki Shiraiwa
Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 50, 101555, 101555, Elsevier BV, Dec. 2023, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal - Permafrost Wetlands Are Sources of Dissolved Iron and Dissolved Organic Carbon to the Amur‐Mid Rivers in Summer
Y. Tashiro; M. Yoh; V. P. Shesterkin; T. Shiraiwa; T. Onishi; D. Naito
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 128, 9, American Geophysical Union (AGU), 31 Aug. 2023, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal, Abstract
Dissolved iron (dFe) transported by the Amur River greatly contributes to phytoplankton growth in the Sea of Okhotsk. Nevertheless, there has been little research on the source of dFe to rivers, especially in the Amur‐Mid Basin, which is situated in a sporadic permafrost area. In the Amur‐Mid Basin, permafrost generally exists in wetlands in flat valleys, and these permafrost wetlands could be a source of dFe to rivers. To assess the importance of permafrost wetlands for dFe export, we conducted a local survey on land and soil characteristics of wetlands, and moreover analyzed the chemical composition (dFe, dissolved organic carbon [DOC], pH, and electrical conductivity [EC]) of 24 rivers with different watershed sizes in summer. As a result of local survey, the thickly accumulated peat soils in the permafrost wetland were almost saturated and rich in organic matter from the surface to a greater depth near the permafrost table. In addition, the coverage of such permafrost wetlands in watersheds showed significant positive correlations with dFe (r2 = 0.67, p = 1.7e−6) and DOC (r2 = 0.48, p = 1.8e−4) and a negative correlation with EC (r2 = 0.52, p = 7.7e−5). The dFe concentration was also correlated well with DOC concentration (r2 = 0.68, p = 7.3e−7) but not correlated with pH and watershed area. These findings are the first to indicate that permafrost wetlands in the Amur‐Mid Basin considerably contribute to dFe and DOC export to rivers, and their coverage primarily determines riverine dFe and DOC concentrations in summer. - Glacier mass change on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, from 2000 to 2016
Shungo Fukumoto; Shin Sugiyama; Shuntaro Hata; Jun Saito; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Humio Mitsudera
Journal of Glaciology, 1, 14, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 04 Jul. 2022, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal, Abstract
On the Kamchatka Peninsula in the Russian Far East, 405 glaciers with an estimated total mass of 49 Gt were reported in the 1970s. These have been retreating at an accelerated rate since the start of the 21st century. Because glacier studies in this region are scarce, ice loss and its influence on sea level rise and regional environments is poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed satellite data to quantify glacier mass change from 2000 to 2016 in six major glacier-covered regions on the peninsula. The mean rate of the glacier mass change over the study period was −0.46 ± 0.01 m w.e. a−1 (total mass change was −4.9 ± 0.1 Gt, −304.2 ± 9.1 Mt a−1), which is slightly lower than other regions in mid-latitude and subarctic zones. The mass loss accelerated from >−0.33 ± 0.02 m w.e. a−1 in the period 2000–2006/2010 to <−1.65 ± 0.12 m w.e. a−1 in 2006/2010–2015/16. The increase in mass loss is attributed to a rise in average decadal summer temperatures observed in the region (+0.68°C from 1987–99 to 2000–13). Moreover, a recent trend in Pacific decadal oscillation suggests future acceleration of mass loss due to a decline in winter precipitation. - Importance of Permafrost Wetlands as Dissolved Iron Source for Rivers in the Amur-Mid Basin
Yuto Tashiro; Muneoki Yoh; Vladimir Shesterkin; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Takeo Onishi; Daisuke Naito
Wiley, 31 May 2022, [Peer-reviewed]
English - Estimation of freshwater discharge from the Kamchatka Peninsula to its surrounding oceans
Muqing Shi; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Humio Mitsudera; Yaroslav Muravyev
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY-REGIONAL STUDIES, 36, Aug. 2021, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Seasonal Variations of Dissolved Iron Concentration in Active Layer and Rivers in Permafrost Areas, Russian Far East
Yuto Tashiro; Muneoki Yoh; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Takeo Onishi; Vladimir Shesterkin; Vladimir Kim
WATER, 12, 9, Sep. 2020, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Ice core records of levoglucosan and dehydroabietic and vanillic acids from Aurora Peak in Alaska since the 1660s: a proxy signal of biomass-burning activities in the North Pacific Rim
Ambarish Pokhrel; Kimitaka Kawamura; Bhagawati Kunwar; Kaori Ono; Akane Tsushima; Osamu Seki; Sumio Matoba; Takayuki Shiraiwa
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, 20, 1, 597, 612, Jan. 2020, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Dissolved iron transport from land to river/estuary: Land-use and land-cover impacts on dissolved iron discharges
Takayuki Shiraiwa
NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI, 83, 6, 1011, 1011, 2017, [Lead author]
Japanese, Scientific journal - Temporal Variation in Iron Flux Deposition onto the Northern North Pacific Reconstructed from an Ice Core Drilled at Mount Wrangell, Alaska
Hirotaka Sasaki; Sumito Matoba; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Carl S. Benson
SOLA, 12, 287, 290, Nov. 2016, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Historical Trends of Biogenic SOA Tracers in an Ice Core from Kamchatka Peninsula
Pingqing Fu; Kimitaka Kawamura; Osamu Seki; Yusuke Izawa; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Kirsti Ashworth
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, 3, 10, 351, 358, Oct. 2016, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Ice core records of monoterpene- and isoprene-SOA tracers from Aurora Peak in Alaska since 1660s: Implication for climate change variability in the North Pacific Rim
Ambarish Pokhrel; Kimitaka Kawamura; Kaori Ono; Osamu Seki; Pingqing Fu; Sumio Matoba; Takayuki Shiraiwa
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 130, 105, 112, Apr. 2016, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Modeling of dissolved iron production of the Amur River basin
大西 健夫; 楊 宗興; 白岩 孝行; 長尾 誠也
低温科学, 74, 13, 20, 北海道大学低温科学研究所, 2016
Japanese, アムール川流域からは高濃度の溶存鉄が供給され，オホーツク海の生物生産に深く関与していることが示唆されている．溶存鉄の生物地球科学的プロセスには未解明な点もあるが，流域というマクロな視点にもとづき経験的な生成量予測モデル構築に成功した．しかし，1990年代後半に溶存鉄濃度の急激な上昇が観測され，この要因は解明されていない．このメカニズム解明には複数の要因が関わっていると考えられるが，永久凍土の挙動が深く関わっている可能性が高い．観測とモデリングを通しての溶存鉄生成メカニズムの解明を考察する． - Lake ice formation processes and thickness evolution at Lake Abashiri, Hokkaido, Japan
Yu Ohata; Takenobu Toyota; Takayuki Shiraiwa
JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY, 62, 233, 563, 578, 2016, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Carbonaceous aerosol tracers in ice-cores record multi-decadal climate oscillations
Seki Osamu; Kawamura Kimitaka; Bendle James A. P; Izawa Yusuke; Suzuki Ikuko; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Fujii Yoshiyuki
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 5, 28 Sep. 2015, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Lake Ice Formation Process and Thickness Evolution at Lake Abashiri, Hokkaido, Japan
Ohata Yu; Toyota Takenobu; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2015, 33, 33, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, 2015
Japanese - Reconstruction of recent climate change in Alaska from the Aurora Peak ice core, central Alaska
A. Tsushima; S. Matoba; T. Shiraiwa; S. Okamoto; H. Sasaki; D. J. Solie; K. Yoshikawa
CLIMATE OF THE PAST, 11, 2, 217, 226, 2015, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Ice core profiles of saturated fatty acids (C-12:0-C-30:0) and oleic acid (C-18:1) from southern Alaska since 1734 AD: A link to climate change in the Northern Hemisphere
Ambarish Pokhrel; Kimitaka Kawamura; Osamu Seki; Sumio Matoba; Takayuki Shiraiwa
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 100, 202, 209, Jan. 2015, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Quantitative evaluation of iron transport processes in the Sea of Okhotsk
Jun Nishioka; Takeshi Nakatsuka; Kazuya Ono; Yu. N. Volkov; Alexey Scherbinin; Takayuki Shiraiwa
PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY, 126, 180, 193, Aug. 2014, [Peer-reviewed]
English - Accumulation reconstruction and water isotope analysis for 1736-1997 of an ice core from the Ushkovsky volcano, Kamchatka, and their relationships to North Pacific climate records
Tatsuru Sato; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Ralf Greve; Hakime Seddik; Erik Edelmann; Thomas Zwinger
Climate of the Past, 10, 1, 393, 404, Feb. 2014, [Peer-reviewed], ［Internationally co-authored］, [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal - Alpine ice-core drilling in the North Pacific region
Sumito Matoba; Kunio Shimbori; Takayuki Shiraiwa
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, 55, 68, 83, 87, 2014, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Intensive mixing along an island chain controls oceanic biogeochemical cycles
Nishioka Jun; Nakatsuka Takeshi; Watanabe Yutaka W; Yasuda Ichiro; Kuma Kenshi; Ogawa Hiroshi; Ebuchi Naoto; Scherbinin Alexey; Volkov Yuri N; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Wakatsuchi Masaaki
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES, 27, 3, 920, 929, Sep. 2013, [Peer-reviewed]
English - Lake Ice Formation Process at Lake Abashiri
OHATA YU; SHIRAIWA TAKAYUKI
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2013, 38, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, 2013
Japanese - Ice core records of biomass burning tracers (levoglucosan and dehydroabietic, vanillic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids) and total organic carbon for past 300 years in the Kamchatka Peninsula, Northeast Asia
Kimitaka Kawamura; Yusuke Izawa; Michihiro Mochida; Takayuki Shiraiwa
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 99, 317, 329, Dec. 2012, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - The Amur River basin as a giant fish-breeding forest for the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio openwater
Shiraiwa Takayuki
Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2012s, 100086, The Association of Japanese Geographers, 2012
It was found that the Amur River basin could be considered as a giant "fish-breeding forest" for the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio openwater by suppling dissolved iron. It is an essential element for the photosynthesis of phytoplankton and the sufficient supply of dissolved iron makes the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio openwater as one of the world richest oceans. - Long-term variations of chemical signals in the Aurora Peak Ice-core from Alaska
Sumito Matoba; Akane Tsushima; Hirotaka Sasaki; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Kenji Yoshikawa
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2011, 56, 2011
English, Scientific journal - Concentration of iron solved from atmospheric dust particle in precipitation
Hirotaka Sasaki; Kazuki Nakamura; Sumito Matoba; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Kazuhide Satow
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2011, 57, 2011
English, Scientific journal - Glacier flow measurement and radio-echo sounding at Aurora Peak, Alaska, in 2008
Takehiro Fukuda; Shin Sugiyama; Sumito Matoba; Takayuki Shiraiwa
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, 52, 58, 138, 142, 2011, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Records of sea-ice extent and air temperature at the Sea of Okhotsk from an ice core of Mount Ichinsky, Kamchatka
Sumito Matoba; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Akane Tsushima; Hirotaka Sasaki; Yaroslav D. Muravyev
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, 52, 58, 44, 50, 2011, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Hazard and Benefit of a Northern River: The Amur River and the Impacts of Land Use Changes
春山 成子; シャーモフ V. V; 川東 正幸; GANZEY Sergey; ERMOSHIN Victor; MISHINA Natalia; 近藤 昭彦; 増田 佳孝; LE Hailan; 室岡 瑞恵; 柿澤 宏昭; 白岩 孝行; 朴 紅; 山根 正伸; 立花 義弘; 大島 和弘; 小木 雅代; SHAMAKIN Andrey B; 氷見山 幸夫; YAN Baixing; PAN Xiaofeng; PAN Yuepeng; 大西 健夫; 楊 宗興; 柴田 英昭; 長尾 誠也
E-journal GEO, 4, 2, 138, 144, 公益社団法人 日本地理学会, 2010 - Amur River and the Sea of Okhotsk : Discovery of Connected Land-Ocean as well as Transboundary Ecosystem and Its Conservation
白岩 孝行
境界研究, 1, 181, 185, 北海道大学スラブ研究センター内 グローバルCOEプログラム「境界研究の拠点形成：スラブ・ユーラシアと世界」, 2010
Japanese - Amur River basin supporting primary production in the Oyashio region of the western subarctic Pacific Ocean: the"Giant" Fish-Breeding Forest Hypothesis
Shiraiwa Takayuki
Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2009s, 235, 235, The Association of Japanese Geographers, 2009
Japanese, The Amur River basin was found to play a key role in supporting primary production in the Oyashio region of the western subarctic Pacific Ocean by supplying dissolved iron which was essential element for phytoplankton growth. Because the dissolved iron mainly forms as a complex of iron and fuluvic acids originating from forests and swamps in the Amur River basin, it is likely that land-cover changes in the Amur River basin may affect primary production in the Sea of Okhotsk and the Oyashio region.
The land-ocean linkage mention above reminds us of the Japanese concept of Uotsuki-rin (the fish-breeding forest). However, the Amur-Okhotsk-Oyashio linkage is much stronger than that in the conventional concept. More importantly, this is the first attempt to relate the continental-scale terrestrial environment with open waters. Therefore, we refer to the idea as "Kyodai" Uotsuki-rin kasetsu (the "Giant" Fish-Breeding Forest (GFBF) Hypothesis). We have conducted various kinds of scientific researches to verify the hypothesis since 2005 and we considers it was nearly done at present.
The GFBF is also recognized as a natural system that transport various nutrients, trace elements like dissolved iron, and pollutants from an upper area (i.e., the Amur River basin) to a lower area (the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio region). Fluxes of such materials can fluctuate significantly owing to various human activities including agriculture, forestry and industry. The human activities are then influenced by both local and international sociological, political and economic situations with which the lower stakeholders are closely related. Therefore, it is also possible to recognize the GFBF as a social system connecting various stakeholders beyond the national boundaries by cycling materials, information and properties.
In spite of its importance and uniqueness, there has been no framework for protecting/conserving the GFBF. This is mainly due to the geopolitical situation of the Amur River basin and the Sea of Okhotsk: the long-term political tensions in the area have hidden the environmental deterioration from the public. We would like to inform domestic and international communities of the GFBF and its importance. We will then propose an agenda for the conservation of the GFBF by collaborating with Russian and Chinese scientists by the end of fiscal year 2009. - Glacier mass balance interpreted from biological analysis of firn cores in the Chilean lake district
Kohshima S.; Scheihing R.; Jaramillo J.; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Matoba Sumito; Kanda D.; Labarca P.; Casassa G.
Journal of Glaciology, 54, 186, 452, 462, International Glaciological Society, Jul. 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
English, The first analyses of biological components in glaciers of the Chilean lake district are presented based on microalgae biovolume, pollen and other microorganisms detected in shallow ( 10 m) firn/ice cores. Three cores were retrieved, two at Volca´n Mocho-Choshuenco (398550 S, 728020W; summit at 2422ma.s.l; east glacier at 2000ma.s.l.), and one at the summit of Volca´n Osorno (418060 S, 728300W; 2652ma.s.l.). Microalgae, protozoa and pollen quantified in the samples obtained from the two summit cores show clear fluctuations interpreted as seasonal signs. In contrast, dD and many chemical species from the summit cores show strong dampening at depth, probably due to water percolation. The limited information provided by isotopic and chemical analyses is used to support the seasonal interpretation of biological parameters from the summit cores, with microorganism maxima inferred to occur in summer and pollen maxima in spring. A good comparison is found between massbalance estimations from the Volca´n Mocho-Choshuenco summit core and values obtained near that site by means of the stake method. It is concluded that biological analyses of firn/ice cores provide reliable estimations of annual and seasonal markers from these temperate glaciers. - Seasonality of snow accumulation at Mount Wrangell, Alaska, USA
Syosaku Kanamori; Carl S. Benson; Martin Truffer; Sumito Matoba; Daniel J. Solie; Takayuki Shiraiwa
JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY, 54, 185, 273, 278, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Climate reconstruction since the Little Ice Age by modelling Koryto glacier, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia
Yamaguchi Satoru; Naruse Renji; Shiraiwa Takayuki
JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY, 54, 184, 125, 130, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
English - Intra-annual variations in atmospheric dust and tritium in the North Pacific region detected from an ice core from Mount Wrangell, Alaska
Teppei J. Yasunari; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Syosaku Kanamori; Yoshiyuki Fujii; Makoto Igarashi; Koji Yamazaki; Carl S. Benson; Takeo Hondoh
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 112, D10, May 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Interpretation of detailed density profile on Mt. Wrangell, Alaska
KANAMORI Syosaku; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; MATOBA Sumito; YASUNARI Teppei
Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2007, 2, 2, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, 2007
Japanese - The glaciological expedition to Mount Ichinsky, Kamchatka, Russia
Matoba Sumito; Ushakov Sergey V.; Shimbori Kunio; Sasaki Hirotaka; Yamasaki Tetsuhide; Ovshannikov Alexander A.; Manevich Alexander G.; Zhideleeva Tatyana M.; Kutuzov Stanislav; Muravyev Yaroslav D.; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Bulletin of Glaciological Research, 24, 79, 85, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, Jan. 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
English, During summer 2006, we carried out ice-core drilling to bedrock on a glacier at the summit of Mount Ichinsky, Kamchatka, Russia, and recovered a 115-m-long ice core. We also prepared samples, performed ice-core analyses in-situ, and measured the borehole temperature. The temperature of the borehole was -13℃ at 10m depth, and the pore close-off depth was 25m. The melt-feature percentage, or the thickness of frozen ice layers in a 1-m-long section of ice core, varied from 10% to 100%. These ice layers were formed by both rainfall, surface melting, and frost on the glacier surface, which we observed during our expedition. We hypothesize that the fluctuations in the proportion of ice layers show climatic variation in Kamchatka. - A full Stokes-flow thermo-mechanical model for firn and ice applied to the Gorshkov crater glacier, Kamchatka
Thomas Zwinger; Ralf Greve; Olivier Gagliardini; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Mikko Lyly
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 45, 2007, 45, 29, +, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
English, International conference proceedings - Estimation of net accumulation rate at a Patagonian glacier by ice core analyses using snow algae
Shiro Kohshima; Nozomu Takeuchi; Jun Uetake; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Ryu Uemura; Naohiro Yoshida; Sumito Matoba; Maria Angelica Godoi
Global and Planetary Change, 59, 1-4, 236, 244, 2006, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Displacement and deformation of the sliding materials No.2:Flow of glaciers II-Basal sliding-
SHIRAIWA Takayuki
Landslides, 41, 2, 198, 201, The Japan Landslide Society, 2004 - Regional characteristics of surface snow chemistry at East Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica
Motoyama, H; K. Kamiyama; T. Shiraiwa; T. Saito; T. Kameda; N. Azuma; S. Fujita; Y. Fujii; K. Suzuki; T. Yamada; T. Suzuki; Y. Iizuka; T. Furukawa; K. Nishimura; S. Kanamori; O. Watanabe
Seventh International Symposium on Antarctic Glaciology, 11, 01 Aug. 2003
English, International conference proceedings - Physical properties of the Dome Fuji deep ice core (review)
Hondoh Takeo; Narita Hideki; Hori Akira; Ikeda-Fukazawa Tomoko; Fujii-Miyamoto Michiko; Ohno Hiroshi; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Mae Shinji; Fujita Shuji; Fukazawa Hiroshi; Fukumura Taku; Shoji Hitoshi; Kameda Takao; Miyamoto Atsushi; Azuma Nobuhiko; Wang Yun; Kawada Kunio; Nishio Fumihiko; Motoyama Hideaki; Watanabe Okitsugu
Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research. Special issue, 57, 63, 71, Mar. 2003, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Recent results of physical analyses of the Dome Fuji ice core are summarized with special attention to new methods introduced in the present studies. Microphysical processes which affect the ice core records are reviewed to better understand the paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental signals stored. - High net accumulation rates at Campo de Hielo Patagonico Sur, South America, revealed by analysis of a 45.97 m long ice core
T Shiraiwa; S Kohshima; R Uemura; N Yoshida; S Matoba; J Uetake; MA Godoi
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 35, 35, 84, 90, 2002, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Study of physical properties of ice cores and ice sheet dynamics, Deep ice coring project at Dome Fuji
Takeo Hondoh; Hideki Narita; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Tomoko Ikeda-Fukazawa; Michiko Fujii; Hiroshi Ohno; Shinji Mae; Hiroshi Fukazawa; Taku Fukumura; Nobuhiko Azuma; Yun Wong; Hitoshi Shoji; Takao Kameda; Atsushi Miyamoto; Kunio Kawada; Ayako Abe; Fuyuki Saito; Okitsugu Watanabe; Hideaki Motoyama
Antarctica Progress Report 2002, 17-21, Jan. 2002
English, Scientific journal - Deep ice come drilling to 2503m depth at Dome Fuji, Antarctica
Fuji, Y; N. Azuma; Y.Tanaka; Y. Nakayama; T. Kameda; K. Shinbori; K. Katagiri; S. Fujita; A. Takahashi; K. Kawada; H. Motoyama; H. Narita; K. Kamiyama; T. Furukawa; S. Takahashi; H. Shoji; H. Enomoto; T. Saitoh; M. Miyahara; R. Naruse; T. Hondoh; T. Shiraiwa; K. Yokoyama; Y. Ageta; T. Saito; O. Watanabe
Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research, Special Issue,, 56, 56, 103, 116, 2002, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal, Deep ice core drilling was carried out at Dome Fuji, Antarctica in 1995 and 1996 from the bottom of the casing installed in 1993 and reached 2503.52m in December 1996. We used a JARE type electromechanical drill with a core barrel of 2.2m length. Total numbers of ice corings and chip collections were 1369 and 837 respectively. The mean coring depths per run and per day were 1.75m and 8.21m, respectively. Quality of ice cores was perfect throughout the whole depth, even in the brittle zone. We report the outline of the system, coring performance, and troubles encountered. - Characteristics of cryoconite (surface dust on glaciers) and surface albedo of a Patagonian glacier, Tyndall Glacier, Southern Patagonia Icefield
TAKEUCHI Nozomu; KOHSHIMA Shiro; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; KUBOTA Keiji
Bulletin of glaciological research, 18, 65, 69, 01 Mar. 2001
English - Characteristics of a crater glacier at Ushkovsky volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, as revealed by the physical properties of ice cores and borehole thermometry
Takayuki Shiraiwa; Yaroslav D. Murav'yev; Takao Kameda; Fumihiko Nishio; Yoko Toyama; Akiyoshi Takahashi; Alexander A. Ovsyannikov; Andrey N. Salamatin; Kotaro Yamagata
Journal of Glaciology, 47, 158, 423, 432, International Glaciology Society, 2001, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Formation processes of basal ice at Hamna Glacier, Soya Coast, East Antarctica, inferred by detailed co-isotopic analyses
Y Iizuka; H Satake; T Shiraiwa; R Naruse
JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY, 47, 157, 223, 231, 2001, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Chemical characteristics of basal ice near Hamna Icefall, East Antarctica
Iizuka Yoshinori; Igarashi Makoto; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Naruse Renji; Yamada Tomomi; Watanabe Okitsugu
Polar meteorology and glaciology, 14, 8, 15, National Institute of Polar Research, 2000, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Debris-laden basal ice is exposed along an ice cliff (about 30m high) near Hamna Icefall, Soya Coast, East Antarctica. The basal ice about 6.8m thick can be divided into an upper part (5.5m) and a lower part (1.3m) based on stratigraphic features. Major dissolved ions of the basal ice are probably composed of eight species (Na^+, K^+, Mg^<2+>, Ca^<2+>, Cl, SO_4^2,NO_3 and HCO_3). Almost all Na^+, K^+, Mg^<2+>, Ca^<2+>, SO_4^2 and HCO_3 in the basal ice are considered to have originated from chemical erosion of rock minerals at the base of the ice sheet. According to a calculation of ion composition, the primary rock mineral dissolved in the basal ice is considered to be carbonate. - Winter warming over Dome Fuji, East Antarctica and semiannual oscillation in the atmospheric circulation
H Enomoto; H Motoyama; T Shiraiwa; T Saito; T Kameda; T Furukawa; S Takahashi; Y Kodama; O Watanabe
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 103, D18, 23103, 23111, Sep. 1998, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Surface Stone Movements on Stone-banked Lobes in a Nivation Hollow on the Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido, Japan
SONE Toshio; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; KITAHARA Tomoyuki
Annals of The Tohoku Geographycal Asocciation, 50, 3, 201, 207, The Tohoku Geographical Association, 31 Aug. 1998
Japanese, Downslope stone movements were measured on stone-banked lobes in a nivation hollow on the Daisetsu Mountains. Surface stones were painted on three lobes with gradients of 27, 22, 12 degrees in September, 1989. Displacements of the painted stones were measured in October 1991 and 1997.
The deformation features of painted lines showed lobe and tongue like patterns. The average rates of the movements were higher in the central part of the lobes, ranging from 4.5 to 9.2cm/year, while those in the marginal part ranged from 0.5 to 4.5cm/year. Stones moved uniformly with little disturbance of configuration in the marginal part. But stones were scattered in the central part. Smaller stones tended to be moved farther. - Preliminary report on analysis of melted Dome Fuji ice core obtained in 1993
O. Watanabe; K. Kamiyama; H. Motoyama; M. Igarashi; S. Matoba; T. Shiraiwa; T. Yamada; H. Shoji; S. Kanamori; N. Kanamori; M. Nakawo; Y. Ageta; S. Koga; K. Satow
Proc. of the NIPR Symp. Polar Meteorol. and Glaciol., 11, 14, 23, National Institute of Polar Research, 1997, [Peer-reviewed]
English, International conference proceedings, An ice core from the glacier surface down to 112.59m depth was obtained in 1993 at Dome Fuji Station. The ice core was divided vertically in the home cold laboratory and various analyses were carried out for the solid and liquid phases of core samples. The measurements of numbers of microparticles, electrical conductivity, pH, oxygen isotopic ratio and chemical constituents were carried out for the melted ice core samples. In this report, the procedures and the methods for the measurements are introduced with results obtained. The results open preliminary step on ice core research at Dome Fuji Station, which should be useful to evaluate the environments at the dome in the comparison with core analyses at various sites. The vertical distributions for the some of the values obtained are presented to facilitate further discussion of the past climate and environments. - Meteorological observations along a traverse route from coast to Dome Fuji Station,Antarctica,recorded by automatic weather station in 1995
Kameda, T; S. Takahashi; H. Enomoto; N. Azuma; T. Shiraiwa; Y. Kodama; T. Furukawa; O. Watanabe; G. A. Weidner; C. R. Stearns
Proc. NIPR Symp. Polar Meteorol. Glaciol., 11, 11, 35, 50, National Institute of Polar Research, 1997, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal, This paper focuses on instrumentation and observational results of eight Automatic Weather Station (AWS) units in East Queen Maud Land, Antarctica 1995. The AWS units were installed at six sites on the ice sheet from coast to inland : the site nearest to the coast (H21) was located at 60km at 1076m altitude and a site farthest from the coast (Dome Fuji Station) was located about 920km inland at 3810m altitude. Two types of AWS units (CMOS and ARGOS) were employed. Air temperatures at H21 and Dome Fuji Station change from +2.3 to -44.4℃ and -23.3 to -80.1℃, respectively. Monthly mean July temperatures in eight AWS data are systematically higher than June and August temperatures, respectively. During the period of temperature increase in July, atmospheric pressure also increased. Wind speed during the whole period could only be obtained at MD180 at which glazed surface was observed. Prevailing wind (south-east : SE) at Relay Point covers 40% of the total wind direction, and wind from the east north-east slightly prevails (11%) at Dome Fuji Station. Atmospheric pressure at Relay Point drops in May and September, and increases in July and December. Monthly mean lapse rates on snow surface were calculated using AWS data. Annaul mean lapse rates obtained by the AWS data were systematically lower than that obtained by 10m snow temperatures in Mizuho Plateau. Increase of temperature difference between air and snow surface with altitude will be a reason for the phenomenon.
- Can we verify the importance of ecological connectivity of hills, rivers, humans and oceans?
Yoh Yamashita; Akihide Kasai; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Yoshihisa Shirayama, NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI, 83, 6, 1008, 1008, 2017, [Corresponding author]
Japanese - The role of Pacific marginal seas in linking adjacent land with ocean
西岡純; 三寺史夫; 白岩孝行; 関宰; 中村知裕; 的場澄人; 江淵直人, 低温科学, 74, 175, 180, 31 Mar. 2016
日本は，オホーツク海，日本海，東シナ海といった「縁辺海」と「北太平洋」に面しており，太平洋からみると縁辺海と大洋を隔てる列島の一部である．さらにベーリング海を含めたこれら北太平洋の縁辺海は，自然科学的視点からみても，人間活動の場として見ても多くの共通性と特異性を持ち合わせている．これらのすべての縁辺海には，大河川や，規模は小さいが数多くの中・小河川が流れ込むことで，陸域の影響が大きく現れる．これら河川を通じて陸からの物質を受け取り，縁辺海内部で起こる様々な物理的プロセスと生物的・化学的反応を介して物質循環が活発に起こっている場所である．これらの各縁辺海は，陸域の影響を大洋に伝える間の緩衝作用も担うと同時に，大洋の影響も強く受け，物質的にも暖流（黒潮）や寒流（親潮）で結ばれている．縁辺海の自然科学的な機能を明らかにすることは，東シナ海，日本海，オホーツク海を経由して，北太平洋へと至る，長大な物質循環システムを理解することに繋がる．本稿では，環オホーツク域の「陸海結合システム」という概念に焦点を当て，環オホーツク域で進めてきた研究で残されている課題と，日本の周辺領域も含めたさらに大きなスケールで陸海結合システムをとらえるための研究展開について記す．Linkage between land and ocean is one of important issue for understanding earth system, and marginal seas are a key place for this linkage. The South China Sea, the East China Sea, the Japan Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk and the Bering Sea are marginal seas located on the north/west rim of the Pacific Ocean. These marginal seas received strong influence from the land via large and small scale river discharge, which include human influence. The marginal seashave high productivity and active biogeochemical cycles relative to those in oceanic regions, which are controlled by individual local processes, such as fresh water discharge, interior current systems, tidal mixing, local upwelling, continental shelves interactions, sea ice production/melting, and flows through straits. Further, recent studies indicated that some of the marginal seas strongly influence to the Pacific Ocean on physical and biogeochemicalprocesses. Therefore, clarifying roles of the marginal seas for linkage between land and oceanic region is one of the major remaining issue for understanding whole Pacific Ocean. In this paper, we discuss remaining issue to understand not only pan-Okhotsk biogeochemical system but also the role of Pacific marginal seas in linking adjacent land with ocean., 低温科学第74巻編集委員会, Japanese - Activities of the Amur-Okhotsk Consortium for the Environmental Conservation in the Sea of Okhotsk
白岩 孝行, ユーラシア研究 = Eurasian studies, 53, 27, 30, Dec. 2015
ユーラシア研究所 ; 1993-, Japanese - 日本の多年性雪渓と氷河 －これまでの研究と今後の展望－
白岩 孝行, 雪氷, 74 (5), 353, 357, 2012 - アムール川流域における溶存鉄の挙動-アムール・オホーツクプロジェクトの成果より-
白岩 孝行, 月刊海洋, 44 (10), 586, 593, 2012 - Wetland for primary production in the ocean: linkage between the Amur River and Oyashio/Sea of Okhotsk
白岩 孝行, 河川, 67, 3, 23, 27, Mar. 2011
日本河川協会, Japanese - 総合討論 学術ネットワークの設立に向けて—行政情報 国際シンポジウム オホーツク海の環境保全に向けた日中露の取り組みにむけて
白岩 孝行, 開発こうほう, 558, 22, 24, Jan. 2010
北海道開発協会, Japanese - オホーツク海・親潮の"巨大"魚附林としてのアムール川流域 (特集 アムール川--北方河川の恵みと危機)
白岩 孝行, 地理, 54, 12, 22, 30,2〜3, Dec. 2009
古今書院, Japanese - A numerical glacier flow model for the ice core drilling site at Aurora Peak, Alaska
Fukuda Takehiro; Sugiyama Shin; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Matoba Sumito, Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2009, 167, 167, 2009
The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese - Analysis of water isotope ratios and past accumulation rate reconstruction of Ushkovsky ice core, Kamchatka
Sato Tatsuru; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Greve Ralf; Zwinger Thomas; Seddik Hakime, Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2009, 0, 192, 192, 2009, [Peer-reviewed]
The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese - 極域氷床コアと山岳氷河コアを用いた古気候・古環境復元
白岩 孝行, デジタルブック最新第四紀学 記念号, 2009 - 北極圏の氷河
白岩 孝行, 雪氷研究の系譜 別冊, 98, 101, 2009 - Ice flow speed and ice thickness survey at Aurora Peak, Alaska, in 2008
Fukuda, T; S. Sugiyama; T. Shiraiwa; S. Matoba, Glaciology in Hokkaido, 28, 69, 72, 2009 - Linkage between inland and open ocean ecosystems by material transport through river, shelf and intermediate water layer background of 2006/2007 research expeditions in the Sea of Okhotsk
中塚 武; 西岡 純; 白岩 孝行, Kaiyo monthly, 50, 68, 76, 2008
海洋出版, Japanese - カムチャツカ半島の氷河に残される北部北太平洋の気候変動 (オホーツク海の気象--大気と海洋の双方向作用) -- (さまざまな視点によるオホーツク海研究)
白岩 孝行, 気象研究ノ-ト, 214, 129, 140, Aug. 2007
日本気象学会, Japanese - Past climate reconstruction by means of ice core analyses recovered from high-mountains in the northern North Pacific
Shiraiwa Takayuki, Low temperature science, 65, 57, 65, 23 Mar. 2007
Three independent ice cores were recently drilled at Ushkovsky Volcano in Kamchatka, Russia, Mount Wrangell in Alaska, and Mount Logan King Col in Canada. Detailed analyses of the temperature and density profiles of the three cores suggest that the three sampled glaciers are cold glaciers and therefore store reliable paleo-climate information that spans the past several hundreds to a thousand years. A negative relation was found for the net accumulation time-series reconstructed for the past 170 years from the ice cores recoverd from Ushkovsky Volcano and Mount Logan. As the oscillations in the net accumulation rate and the average annual δ^18O reconstructed from the Ushkovsky ice core appear to be closely correlated with the so-called Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) Index, it was suggested that the mass balances of the glaciers on both sides of the northern North Pacific were affected not only by a global warming trend since the Little Ice Age but also by inter-decadal climate variability that had occured dominantly over the North Pacific., Hokkaido University, Japanese - 氷に閉ざされた大気--氷が語る過去の地球環境 (特集 氷に刻まれた地球環境のドラマ 氷河)
白岩 孝行, Front, 19, 3, 9, 12, Dec. 2006
リバーフロント整備センター, Japanese - ワークショップ"Prospects and Problems on Ice Cores Drilled at High Mountains"報告
白岩 孝行; 的場 澄人, 雪氷, 68, 4, 315, 317, 15 Jul. 2006
日本雪氷学会, Japanese - 2.1.1.1 第1プロジェクト共同利用研究の内容と成果
春山, 成子; 白岩, 孝行, 千葉大学環境リモートセンシング研究センター年報 = Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Annual report, 11, 26, 28, Jun. 2006
type:text
source:Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, annual report
identifier:31, 千葉大学環境リモートセンシング研究センター, Japanese - A 200-year climate record reconstructed from Uskovsky ice core drilled in Kamchatka, RUSSIA
Sato Tatsuru; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Matoba Sumito, Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2006, 0, 101, 101, 2006, [Peer-reviewed]
THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, Japanese - カムチャツカの火山・氷河そして環境変動
白岩 孝行, アークティック・サークル(北海道立北方民族博物館友の会・季刊誌) 59, 4, 9, 2006 - Flow of glaciers I : Plastic deformation
SHIRAIWA Takayuki, Journal of the Japan Landslide Society, 41, 1, 79, 82, 25 May 2004
日本地すべり学会, Japanese - Implications of englacial temperature profiles in high mountains
Shiraiwa Takayuki; Takeuchi Nozomu; Azuma Kumiko, Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2004, 0, 108, 108, 2004
THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE - An overview of the Japanese glaciological studies on Mt. Logan, Yukon Territory, Canada in 2002
GOTO AZUMA Kumiko; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; MATOBA Sumito; SEGAWA Takahiro; KANAMORI Syosaku; FUJII Yoshiyuki; YAMASAKI Tetsuhide, Bulletin of glaciological research, 20, 65, 72, 01 Feb. 2003
English - Ice core drilling at King Col, Mount Logan 2002
SHIRAIWA Takayuki; GOTO AZUMA Kumiko; MATOBA Sumito; YAMASAKI Tetsuhide; SEGAWA Takahiro; KANAMORI Syosaku; MATSUOKA Kenichi; FUJII Yoshiyuki, Bulletin of glaciological research, 20, 57, 63, 01 Feb. 2003
English - Reconstruction of Glacier Mass Balances and Climate Changes in the Kamchatka Peninsula.
白岩孝行; 山口悟, 地学雑誌, 111, 4, 476, 485, 25 Aug. 2002
More than 400 glaciers exist in the mountains of Kamchatka Peninsula and they constitute the southern boundary of present-day glacierization along the eastern coast of the Eurasian continent. The mass balances of the glaciers are characterized by decadal and interdecadal oscillations, and they are closely related to those observed in the glaciers of Pacific North America. A negative relation was also found for the net accumulation timeseries reconstructed by ice cores from Ushkovsky Volcano, Kamchatka, and Mt. Logan, Canada, for the last 170 years. Because the oscillations of the net accumulation rate and the average annual δ <SUP>18</SUP>O reconstructed from Ushkovsky-ice-core seem to be closely correlated with the so-called Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) Index, it was suggested that the mass balances of the glaciers at both sides of the North Pacific had been affected not only by global warming trends but also by the interdecadal climate variability that had dominantly been occurring over the North Pacific., 学術雑誌目次速報データベース由来, Japanese - Ice core drilling on Southern Patagonia Icefield -Development of a new portable drill and the field expedition in 1999-
Kohshima Shiro; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Godoi Maria Angelica; Kubota Keiji; Takeuchi Nozomu; Shinbori Kunio, Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research. Special issue, 56, 49, 58, Mar. 2002
A 45.97m-deep drilling operation was carried out during November/December 1999 on the accumulation area of Tyndall glacier (50°59′05″S, 73°31′12″W, 1756m a. s. l.) at the southern end of the Southern Patagonia Icefield. A portable electromechanical drilling system was developed for ice-coring on temperate glaciers which often have aquifers near the pore-close off depths. The firn-core obtained was subjected to visual stratigraphic observations and bulk-density measurements. Preliminary results suggest an extremely high accumulation rate (about 12-14m a^<-1> w. e.) at the drilling site. The drilling operation was strenuous because of the continuous strong wind and enormous snowfall which forced the members to survive for nearly three weeks in a snow cave before evacuation., English - Heat transfer in the seasonal active layer of Gorshkov Ice Cap on the summit of Ushkovsky Volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula
SALAMATIN Andrey N.; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; MURAVYEV Yaroslav D.; ZIGANSHIN Marat F., Bulletin of glaciological research, 19, 47, 52, 01 Feb. 2002
English - Reconnaissance on the No. 31 Glacier in the Suntar-Khayata Range, Sakha Republic, Russian Federation
YAMADA Tomomi; TAKAHASHI Shuhei; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; FUJII Yoshiyuki; KONONOV Yuriy; ANANICHEVA Maria D.; KOREISHA Michael M.; MURAVYEV Yaroslav D.; SAMBORSKY Taras, Bulletin of glaciological research, 19, 101, 106, 01 Feb. 2002
English - 氷河と火山のワンダーランド--カムチャッカ地学ガイド (特集 カムチャッカ--近くて遠い北のワンダーランド)
白岩 孝行, Front, 14, 4, 8, 11, Jan. 2002
リバーフロント整備センター, Japanese - 滞在記 パタゴニア南氷原ティンダル氷河掘削オペレーション
白岩 孝行, 雪氷 : journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / 日本雪氷学会 編, 62, 4, 393, 401, Jul. 2000
日本雪氷学会, Japanese - Regimem of the Ice Age glaciers in Japan on the analogy of present flaciological environments in the Far East
SHIRAIWA Takayuki, 日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 57, 136, 137, 2000
Japanese - シンポジウム報告 国際シンポジウム「寒冷圏のモニタリング」参加報告
白岩 孝行, 雪氷 : journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / 日本雪氷学会 編, 61, 4, 314, 316, Jul. 1999
記事種別: 会議・学会報告・シンポジウム, 日本雪氷学会, Japanese - Deep ice coring at Dome Fuji Station, Antarctica (in Japanese)
Fujii Yoshiyuki; Azuma Nobuhiko; Tanaka Yoichi; Takahashi Akiyoshi; Shinbori Kunio; Motoyama Hideaki; Katagiri Kazuo; Fujita Shuji; Miyahara Morihiro; Nakayama Yoshiki; Kameda Takao; Saito Takashi; Saito Takeshi; Shoji Hitoshi; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Narita Hideki; Kamiayma Kokichi; Furukawa Teruo; Maeno Hideo; Enomoto Hiroyuki; Naruse Renji; Yokoyama Kotaro; Hondo Takeo; Aageta Yutaka; Kawada Kunio; Watanabe Okitsugu, Antarctic record, 43, 1, 162, 210, Mar. 1999
南極ドームふじ観測拠点において, 1993年パイロット孔の掘削とケーシングが行われたのに引き続き, 1995年から2カ年にわたり本格的な深層コア掘削が進められ, 1996年12月に2503.52m深に達した。本掘削におけるコア掘削の総回数は1369回, チップ回収作業は837回に及んだ。1回の平均コア掘削長は1.75m, 一日の平均コア掘削長は8.21mであった。本報告では, 現地で使用された掘削システムの概要とともに, 掘削の経過, および掘削の方法を述べるとともに, 掘削中に生じたさまざまなトラブルについても取られたその対策とともに報告し, 併せて今後の課題を示した。Deep ice coring was carried out at Dome Fuji Station, Antarctica in 1995 and 1996 following a pilot borehole drilled and cased with FRP pipes in 1993,and reached 2503.52m in December 1996. Total numbers of ice coring runs below the pilot borehole and chip collection were 1369 and 837 respectively. The mean coring depths per run and per day were 1.75m and 8.21m respectively. We report the outline of the coring operation, the system, coring method, and troubles encountered during the coring work., 3, Japanese - Geophysical and paleoclimate implications of the Ushkovsky ice cap in Kamchatka ( jointly authored)
SHIRAIWA T., Cryospheric Studies in Kamchatka (]G0002[), 8, 19, 1999
Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University - Ice core drilling at Ushkovsky ice cap , kamchatka, Russia ( jointly authored)
Takayuki SHIRAIWA; Fumihiko NISHIO; Takao KAMEDA; Akiyoshi TAKAHASHI; Yoko TOYAMA; Yaroslav D. MURAVYEV; Alexander A. OVSYANNIKOV, Seppyo, 61, 1, 25, 40, 1999 - Slope denudation and the supply of debris to cones in Langtang Himal, Central Nepal Himalaya
T Watanabe; L Dali; T Shiraiwa, GEOMORPHOLOGY, 26, 1-3, 185, 197, Dec. 1998
English - Meteorological observations by Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) in alpine regions of Kamchatka, Russia, 1996-1997
Matsumoto Takane; Kodama Yuji; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Yamaguchi Satoru; Sone Toshio; Nishimura Kouichi; Muravyev Yaroslav D.; Khomentovsky Peter A.; Yamagata Kotaro, Low temperature science. Ser. A, Physical sciences. Data report, 56, 53, 68, Mar. 1998
In order to understand climatic features of alpine environment and to evaluate east-west climateic contrast in Kamchatka Peninsula, Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) were installed on three alpine regions : Koryto Glacier, Ushkovsky Volcano and Mt. Kozyrevka. Meteorological data were measured and recorded automatically from July, 1996 to September, 1997. The data taken by AWS observations are reported., Hokkaido University, English - Recent variations in mass balance of the Hisago snow patch, on the Daisetsu Mountains.
山口悟; 白岩孝行; 成瀬廉二, 雪氷, 60, 4, 279, 287, 1998 - Distribution and short-term Variations of flow velocities at Koryoto Glacier in the Kronotsky Peninsula, Kamchatka, Russia
Bulletin of Glacier Research, 16, 51, 56, 1998 - Winter Warming over Dome Fuji , east Antarctica and semiannual oscillation in the atmospheric circulation (jointly authored)
ENOMOTO H. H., Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, D18, 23103, 23111, 1998 - Automatic weather station program during Dome Fuji Project by JARE in east Droning Maud Land, Antarctica (jointly authored)
Annals of Glaciology, 27, 528, 534, 1998 - Stratigraphic features of firn as proxy climate signals at the summit ice cap of Ushkovsky volcano, Kamchatka, Russia
T Shiraiwa; YD Muravyev; S Yamaguchi, ARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH, 29, 4, 414, 421, Nov. 1997
English - 南極における無人気象観測(1993-1996)
高橋 修平; 榎本 浩之; 亀田 貴雄; 白岩 孝行; 児玉 裕二; 藤田 秀二; 本山 秀明; 渡邉 興亜, 大会講演予講集, 72, P301, Oct. 1997
Japanese - Flow of Koryto Glacier in the Kronotsky Peninsula, Kamchatka, Russia
YAMAGUCHI Satoru; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; MURAVYEV Yaroslav D.; GLAZIRIN Gleb E.; NARUSE Renji, Bulletin of Glacier Research, 15, 47, 52, 01 Jul. 1997
English - Hydrometeorological features of Koryto glacier in the Kronotsky Peninsula, Kamchatka, Russia
KODAMA Yuji; MATSUMOT Takane; GLAZIRIN Gleb E.; MURAVYEV Yaroslav D.; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; YAMAGUCHI Satoru, Bulletin of Glacier Research, 15, 37, 45, 01 Jul. 1997
English - Hydrometeorological and glaciological observations in the Koryto and Ushkovsky Glaciers, Kamchatka, 1996
Kodama Yuji; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Kobayashi Daiji; Matsumoto Takane; Yamaguchi Satoru; Muravyev Yaroslav D.; Glazirin Gleb E., Low temperature science. Ser. A, Physical sciences. Data report, 55, 107, 136, Mar. 1997
In order to better understand the response of the glaciers in Kamchatka to a global climatic change, meteorological, hydrological and glaciological observations were carried out at Koryto Glacier in the Kronotsky Peninsula in July, 1996. We also made a preliminary shallow firn coring at an ice cap on the top of Ushkovsky Volcano, Kamchatka for the reconstruction of past climate over the region from July to August, 1996. The data taken in this expedition were reported., Hokkaido University, English - Chemical information on snow deposition at Dome Fuji Station, Antarctica, in 1995.
東信彦; 亀田貴雄; 高橋修平; 白岩孝行; 渡辺興亜; 藤井理行; 上田豊; 金森悟; 斉藤隆志, 日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, 1997, 1997 - Radio-echo soundings of the Ushkovsky Ice Cap, Kamchatka, Russia.
松岡健一; 白岩孝行; 浦塚清峰; 大井正行; 前野英生; 山口悟; MURAVYEV Y D; 成瀬廉二; 前晋爾, 雪氷, 59, 4, 257, 262, 1997 - Glaciological features of Koryto Glacier in the kronotsky Peninsula, Kamchatka, Russia
Bulletin of Glacier Research, 15, 27, 36, 1997 - JARE-35 GLACIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AT DOME FUJI STATION, ANTARCTICA
SHOJI Hitoshi; SAITO Takashi; SAITO Takeshi; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; TAGUCHI Yuji; YOKOYAMA Kotaro; HONDOH Takeo; WATANABE Okitsugu; MOTOYAMA Hideaki; FURUKAWA Teruo; TAKEKAWA Motoaki; AGETA Yutaka, Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology, 10, 149, 149, Sep. 1996
Information on paleoenvironmental changes on the earth is preserved in the form of physical and chemical stratigraphic features in large polar ice sheets. Extraction of ice core signals makes it possible to evaluate and reconstruct past global variations of climate and stmospheric circulation. A deep ice coring and analysis effort was started at Dome Fuji Station (77°19′01″S, 39°42′12″E). Antarctica by the 32nd Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE-32) in 1991 and will be completed with continuous deep core retrieval in 1997. JARE-32,-33 and -34 parties set up a traverse route from Syowa Station to Dome Fuji Station, selected the coring site considering the results from radar soundings and GPS positions, and conducted shallow ice coring to a depth of 112.6m at the site. JARE-35 party completed construction of a camping/drilling facility for JARE-36 and -37 wintering parties to perform deep ice coring through the ice sheet with a thickness of approximately 3km. JARE-36 parties also conducted glaciological, meteorological and medical observations during the periods of cargo transportation and camp-construction activities both along the traverse route and at the Dome Fuji Station drilling site., National Institute of Polar Research, English - METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS BY DATA-LOGGING AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATION AT DOME FUJI STATION
ENOMOTO Hiroyuki; MOTOYAMA Hideaki; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; SAITO Takashi; KAMEDA Takao; FURUKAWA Teruo; TAKAHASHI Shuhei; WATANABE Okitsugu, Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology, 10, 155, 155, Sep. 1996
Automatic weather stations (AWS) using data loggers were distributed along the traverse route from Syowa Station to Dome Fuji Station (3810m a. s. l.). A data logger was set at Dome Fuji Station in January, 1994 and the first year-round observations were performed at Dome Fuji Station. The temperature data shows recurring abrupt increases in winter. The minimum temperature in 1994 was -78.1℃ and the mean temperature was -52℃. Wind direction was highly variable. Katabatic wind with constant wind direction is not observed but wind direction rotated counter-clockwise throughout the year. There were some interruptions in the wind speed data, thus a complete wind speed data set could not be obtained at Dome Fuji Station. However, the data show a wind of 12.7m/s in winter. The wind direction in that case was between north and east. This could be a case of a storm at Dome Fuji Station., National Institute of Polar Research, English - OBSERVATIONS ON THE EVAPORATION-CONDENSATION PROCESS AND HEAT-BALANCE DURING THE AUSTRAL SUMMER AT THE SNOW SURFACE OF DOME FUJI STATION, EAST ANTARCTICA
SHIRAIWA Takayuki; TAGUCHI Yuji; SAITO Takashi; SHOJI Hitoshi; YOKOYAMA Kotaro; WATANABE Okitsugu; ENOMOTO Hiroyuki; KODAMA Yuji; TAKEUCHI Yukari, Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology, 10, 150, 150, Sep. 1996
Observations on the evaporation-condensation process and heat-balance were conducted at Dome Fuji Station, the highest point of Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica, during the austral summer of 1994/1995. Evaporation and condensation at the snow surface were measured by weighing evaporation-pans filled with undisturbed snow twice a day; 0600 a. m. and 1800 p. m. Heat fluxes of net radiation (〓_n) and in the snow (〓_c) were measured by a net radiometer and a series of thermistor sensors installed in the snow, respectively. The evaporation amounted, at its maximum, to approximately (10)^<-1>kg m^<-2> from 0600 a. m. to 1800 p. m., while the condensation was 2×(10)^<-2>kg m^<-2> during the night from 1800 p. m. to 0600 a. m. As a result, evaporation dominated condensation during the two summer months of 1994/1995 at Dome Fuji Station. If we calculate the latent heat flux (〓_l) on the basis of observations of the evaporation and condensation, and the residue of heat flux components is assigned to the sensible heat flux (〓_s), the average amounts of each component during the two summer months were calculated to be 12 W m^<-2>(〓_n), -4 W m^<-2>(〓_c), -1 W m^<-2>(〓_l), -7 W m^<-2>(〓_s)., National Institute of Polar Research, English - Glaciological data collected by the 35th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition during 1994-1995(Glaciology 25)
Shiraiwa Takayuki; Saito Takashi; Saito Takeshi; Shoji Hitoshi; Taguchi Yuji; Abo Toshihiro; Yamamoto Yuji; Inagawa Yuzuru; Yokoyama Kotaro; Watanabe Okitsugu, JARE data reports, 211, 1, 69, Mar. 1996
National Institute of Polar Research, English - 1. Outline of Field Observations during 1994-1995(Glaciological Data Collected by the 35th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition during 1994-1995)
Takayuki SHIRAIWA; Takashi SAITO; Takeshi SAITO; Hitoshi SHOJI; Yuji TAGUCHI; Toshihiro ABO; Yoshikatsu YAMAMOTO; Yuzuru INAGAWA; Kotaro YOKOYAMA; Okitsugu WATANABE, JARE data reports. Glaciology = JARE data reports. Glaciology, 25, 2, 4, Mar. 1996
English - 2. Net Accumulation of Snow by the Stake Method(Glaciological Data Collected by the 35th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition during 1994-1995)
Takayuki SHIRAIWA; Takashi SAITO; Takeshi SAITO; Hitoshi SHOJI; Yuji TAGUCHI; Toshihiro ABO; Yoshikatsu YAMAMOTO; Yuzuru INAGAWA; Kotaro YOKOYAMA; Okitsugu WATANABE, JARE data reports. Glaciology = JARE data reports. Glaciology, 25, 5, 30, Mar. 1996
English - 30 years’ variation of net balance in Yala glacier, Nepal Himalayas.
瀬古勝基; 上田豊; 飯田肇; 白岩孝行; 幸島司郎, 日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, 1996, 1996 - Results of Automatic Weather Stations along the traverse route between Dome Fuji and Syowa Stations in 1995.
亀田貴雄; 東信彦; 榎本浩之; 古川晶雄; 田中洋一; 竹川元章; 白岩孝行; 上田豊; 渡辺興亜, 日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, 1996, 1996 - Interannual variability of sea ice conditions in Syowa Station sector deduced from DMSP SSM/I data(共著)
ENOMOTO Hiroyuki; WARASHINA Hideo; SAITO Takashi; SHIRAIWA Takayuki, Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology, 10, 119, 126, 1996
This paper focuses on the interannual variability of sea-ice conditions in spring and summer in the vicinity of Syowa Station. Sea ice extent and concentration are discussed using DMSP SSM/I satellite passive microwave data. Persistent high ice concentration was observed in December in 1989 and 1993. In those years, sea ice was formed earlier in the autumn (April-May) and expanded rapidly in this initial stage. The sea ice concentrations were higher throughout the winter season in these years. Cold and calm weather conditions in autumn seem to be important in determining the following winter ice condition., National Institute of Polar Research, English - Structure and dielectric properties of surface snow along the traverse route from coast to Dome Fuji Station, Queen Maud Land, Antarctica(共著)
SHIRAIWA Takayuki; SHOJI Hitoshi; SAITO Takashi; YOKOYAMA Kotaro; WATANABE Okitsugu, Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology, 10, 1, 12, 1996
Stratigraphical observations were carried out on the surface snow from the coast to the ice divide, Dome Fuji Station, in the summer of 1994/1995,to provide microwave remote sensing with ground truth data. Stratification, grain size and dielectric properties were measured in 1m-deep snow pits excavated every 30-40km of the 1000km-long Dome Fuji Station traverse route. There exist three regional characteristics in the altitudinal distribution of the averaged real part of the dielectric constant ε′ : a constant value in the coastal region, a higher value in the intermediate region, and a gradual decrease in the higher region. According to the measured snow properties indispensable to the utilization of microwave remote sensing, the dry snow zone of the studied area is divided into three parts : a region of compacted snow and solid-type depth hoar (1000 to 2000/2300m a.s.l.), where spatial and vertical distribution of various snow properties are uniform; a region of wind-packed snow and skeleton-type depth hoar (2000/2300 to 3500m), which is characterized by spatial alteration of the glazed surface and the stratified depth hoar layer; a region of interbedded skeleton-and solid-types depth hoar (higher than 3500m) where the seasonal stratification of snow is characterized by thin-hard summer and thick-soft winter layers., National Institute of Polar Research, English - Snow surveys in Hokkaido, February 1996.
成瀬廉二; 秋田谷英次; 西村浩一; 白岩孝行; 山口悟; 須沢啓一; 天見正和; 伊藤陽一; 根本征樹, 低温科学 資料編, 55, 55, 13, 26, 1996
Snow surveys were made at 58 points in Hokkaido at the end of February 1996. Items of measurement were thickness of snow cover, water equivalent of snow, snow stratigraphy, grain sharpe, grain size, Ram hardness and snow temperature. In the winter 1995-96, snow accumulation was significantly large in and around Sapporo, whereas it was relatively small in the eastern Hokkaido. Mean density and mean Ram hardness of snow covers showed high values in the western part and low values in the eastern part of Hokkaido where the depth hoar was dominant., 北海道大学低温科学研究所, Japanese - Report of pit-wall observations of snow cover in Sapporo 1995-96.
秋田谷英次; 西村浩一; 白岩孝行; 尾関俊浩; 伊藤陽一; 山口悟; 須沢啓一, 低温科学 資料編, 55, 55, 1, 11, 1996
Snow pit data are shown for the winter of 1995-96 in Sapporo. Data on snow stratigraphy, snow type, density, hardness, water content, snow temperature, water equivalent and Ram hardness were collected in a snow pit on the 5th, 15th, 25th day of every month duriing the winter. Characteristics of snow cover and snow depth for the last 14 years in Sapporo are also shown. Maximum depth of snow cover in this winter was 144cm observed on 11th of February, it was the largest record during the last 14 years. The snow melted away on 21st April, which is the lastest record during the same period., 北海道大学低温科学研究所, Japanese - Recent glacier fluctuations in the Himalaya and Karakorum
YAMADA Tomomi; SHIRAIWA Takayuki, Journal of the Japanese Association of Snow and Ice, 57, 3, 257, 267, 1995
ヒマラヤ・カラコルム地域の近年の氷河変動を,前世紀~1970年代までの観察・観測記録および最近20年間の観測結果の2つの観点からまとめた.ヒマラヤ・カラコルム地域とも,前世紀以降,大局的には後退傾向が顕著であるが,カラコルム地球では20世紀初頭に氷河の前進が認められた.また,カラコルム地域ではサージによる氷河の突発前進が頻繁に生じていることがわかった.最近の20年間に関しては後退傾向が著しく,特に後半になって後退傾向はより顕著になっている.ネパール・ヒマラヤの観測からは,ここ数年の氷河の著しい後退の原因は気温上昇にあると推定される.前世紀以降の氷河変動の原因に関しては,気温や降水量の変動,あるいは氷河の力学的な応答の遅れなどが指摘されているが,まだ明らかなことはわかっていない., The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, Japanese - Preliminary study of ice flow observations along traverse routes from coast to Dome Fuji, east Antarctica by differential GPS Method
Hideaki Motoyama; Hiroyuki Enomoto; Teruo Furukawa; Kokichi Kamiyama; Hitoshi Shoji; Takayuki Shiraiwa; Kazuo Watanabe; Kunihisa Namasu; Hisataka Ikeda, Antarctic Record, 39, 2, 94, 98, 1995
GPS相対測位による東南極のS16からドームふじに至るトラバースルートに沿っての氷河流動観測が1992年から行われている。このGPS衛星を利用しての相対測位法は, 従来の衛星を用いたJMR法や三角鎖法より野外では簡便な観測法である。観測誤差は, 2地点間の距離の100万分の1以内に収まる。同一地点の1年平均の氷河の流動速度と方向は安定していた。Ice flow has been observed along traverse routes from S16 to Dome Fuji, East Antarctica using the differential GPS (Global Positioning System) method since 1992. This positioning method is easier to use in the field than the satellite doppler positioning system (JMR) or triangle chain method. The vertical and horizontal error of positioning was within 1ppm of base line. The horizontal speed and direction of ice flow were almost the same both years at each site., English - Recent glacier fluctuations in the Himalaya and Karakorum
Tomomi YAMADA; Takayuki SHIRAIWA, Seppyo, 57, 3, 257, 267, 1995
ヒマラヤ・カラコルム地域の近年の氷河変動を,前世紀~1970年代までの観察・観測記録および最近20年間の観測結果の2つの観点からまとめた.ヒマラヤ・カラコルム地域とも,前世紀以降,大局的には後退傾向が顕著であるが,カラコルム地球では20世紀初頭に氷河の前進が認められた.また,カラコルム地域ではサージによる氷河の突発前進が頻繁に生じていることがわかった.最近の20年間に関しては後退傾向が著しく,特に後半になって後退傾向はより顕著になっている.ネパール・ヒマラヤの観測からは,ここ数年の氷河の著しい後退の原因は気温上昇にあると推定される.前世紀以降の氷河変動の原因に関しては,気温や降水量の変動,あるいは氷河の力学的な応答の遅れなどが指摘されているが,まだ明らかなことはわかっていない., The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, Japanese - Report of pit-wall observations of snow cover in Sapporo 1991〜92
Akitaya Eizi; Shiraiwa Takayuki, Low temperature science. Ser. A, Physical sciences. Data report, 51, 1, 8, Mar. 1993
Snow pit data are shown of the winter of 1991-92 in Sapporo. Snow stratigraphy, snow type, density, hardness, water content, snow temperature, water equivalent and Ram hardness were observed using a snow pit on the 5th, 15th, 25th day of every month during the winter. Characteristics of snow cover and snow depth for the last 10 years in Sapporo are also shown., Hokkaido University, Japanese - Rock surface temperatures in the high altitude region of the Nepal Hiumaraya
Shiraiwa Takayuki, Low temperature science. Ser. A, Physical sciences. Data report, 51, 59, 86, Mar. 1993
Long-term measurements of rock surface temperatures were conducted at three sites in the Langtang Valley, Nepal Himalaya. Glacier Camp (5110m) and Kyangchen site (4110m) provided data for a south-facing slope, while Gangja La site (5090m) provided data for a north-facing slope. Frequest freeze-thaw cycles were observed at the Glacier Camp during all periods except for summer, at the Gangja La site during both spring and autumm, and at the Kyangchen site during winter., Hokkaido University, English - 氷河地形に基づくヒマラヤ・チベットの古環境復元
地形, 14, 195, 220, 1993 - Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction of the Himalaya-Tibetan Region on the Basis of Glacial Landforms
SHIRAIWA Takayuki, Chikei, 14, 3, 195, 220, 1993
Japanese - Glacial fluctuations and Cryogenic environments in the Langtang Valley, Nepal Himalaya.
SHIRAIWA T., Contributions from Institute of Low Temperature Science, 38, 1, 98, 1993 - Characteristics of the snow cover in a Winter of 1990-1991 in Sapporo
Akitaya Eizi; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Ozeki Toshihiro, Low temperature science. Ser. A, Physical sciences, 50, 15, 21, Mar. 1992
Hokkaido University, Japanese - Report of pit-wall observations of snow cover in Sapporo 1990-1991
Akitaya Eizi; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Ozeki Toshihiro, Low temperature science. Ser. A, Physical sciences. Data report, 50, 1, 8, Mar. 1992
Hokkaido University, Japanese - Fluctuation of the glaciers from the 1970s to 1989 in the Khumbu, Shorong and Langtang regions, Nepal himalayas.
Bulletin of Glacier Research, 10, 1992 - Timing of the Little Ice Age glaciation in Reindalen, West Spitsbergen, reconstructed by Lichenometry.
Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Little Ice Age Clima., 1992 - A preliminary report on the air temperature in Reindalen, west Spitsbergen.
Bulletin of Glacier Research, 10, 1992 - Distribution of mass input on glaciers in the Langtang Valley, Nepal Himalayas.
Bulletin of Glacier Research, 10, 1992 - LATE QUATERNARY GLACIAL FLUCTUATIONS IN THE LANGTANG VALLEY, NEPAL HIMALAYA, RECONSTRUCTED BY RELATIVE DATING METHODS
T SHIRAIWA; T WATANABE, ARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH, 23, 4, 404, 416, Nov. 1991
English - Glacier Inventory of the Langtang Valley, Nepal Himalayas.
50, 1991 - Distribution of periglacial landforms in the Langtang Valley, Nepal Himalaya.
WATANABE T., Bulletin of Glacier Research, 7, 209, 220, 1989
- 雑誌地理
白岩孝行, シベリアの河川と近年の環境変化
古今書院, Jul. 2020, [Contributor] - The bioeconomy approach : constraints and opportunities for sustainable development
Takeo Onishi; Takayuki Shiraiwa, Land and ocean connection through iron transport by rivers: the case of the Amur-Okhotsk ecosystem (Giant Fish-Breeding Forest)
Routledge, 2020, 9780367335717, xx, 268 p., English, [Contributor] - ロシア文化事典
沼野, 充義; 望月, 哲男; 池田, 嘉郎; 井上, まどか; 金山, 浩司; 熊野谷, 葉子; 鴻野, わか菜; 坂庭, 淳史; 楯岡, 求美; 乗松, 亨平, 水域
丸善出版, Oct. 2019, 9784621304136, xxvi, 848p, 図版 [8] p, Japanese, [Contributor] - 風蓮湖流域の再生 : 川がつなぐ里・海・人
長坂, 晶子; 柴沼, 成一郎; 辻, 泰世; 門谷, 茂; 石川, 靖; 白岩, 孝行; 高宮, 良樹; 小路, 敦; 三島, 啓雄; 長坂, 有
北海道大学出版会, Mar. 2017, 9784832982277, x, 258p, Japanese - Environmental Change and the Social Response in the Amur River Basin
春山, 成子; 白岩, 孝行
Springer, 2015, 9784431552444, viii, 262 p., English - 環オホーツク海地域の環境と経済
田畑, 伸一郎; 江淵, 直人; 大島, 慶一郎; 西岡, 純; 三寺, 史夫; 中村, 知裕; 庄子, 仁; 南, 尚嗣; 八久保, 晶弘; 白岩, 孝行; 本村, 眞澄; 西内, 修一; 封, 安全; 田畑, 朋子
北海道大学出版会, Mar. 2012, 9784832967700, iv, 280p, 図版 [4] p, Japanese - The dilemma of boundaries : toward a new concept of catchment
Taniguchi, Makoto; 白岩, 孝行
Springer, 2012, 9784431540342, xiii, 275 p., English - 氷河
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古今書院, Nov. 1997, 4772214046, xvi, 312p, Japanese - カムチャツカ半島の氷河に関する予察調査報告書
北海道大学低温科学研究所環オホーツク雪氷圏研究会; 白岩, 孝行; 曽根, 敏雄
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- Research on Beach Litter in the Shiretoko Natural World Heritage Site
Nishikawa Honami; Kobayashi Yusuke; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2023, The Association of Japanese Geographers, Japanese
2023 - 2023, [背景] 知床半島は北海道北東部に位置し，その一部は2005年に世界自然遺産に登録された場所である．陸域だけでなく周辺海域も遺産地域に含まれている．知床は海・川・陸から成る豊かな生態系と高い生物多様性を有しており，これらの自然的特徴は世界的に価値の高いものである．しかし，沿岸域には数多くの海洋ごみが確認されており自然環境への影響が懸念されている．
[目的] 海洋ごみ問題への対策が求められているが未だ知床沿岸の海洋ごみの実態は明らかではない．本研究では，漂着物のモニタリング調査を行うことで海岸に漂着しているごみ(漂着ごみ)の実態解明を目指した．
[方法] 世界遺産内に位置するルシャ地区の海岸において， UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) を用いたSfM多視点ステレオ写真測量(Structure–from-Motion Multi-View Stereo Photogrammetry)及びタイムラプスカメラによる海岸の撮影を実施した．
[結果] 海岸上の漂着ごみ及び流木から成る堆積物の位置を2020年から2022年の期間で比較すると，汀線側に位置する漂着物は波による浸食によってその前線が徐々に後退していた．タイムラプスカメラの画像から漂着物の変動は海氷が接岸する前の12月から1月にかけての冬期に起こっており，この時期に発生する高波の影響を強く受けていると考えられる． - Research on beach litter in the Shiretoko World Natural Heritage
Nishikawa Honami; Kobayashi Yusuke; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2022, The Association of Japanese Geographers, Japanese
2022 - 2022, Ⅰ．はじめに
北海道の北東部に位置する知床半島は，海と陸を介する豊かな生態系や生物多様性が評価され2005年に世界自然遺産に登録された場所である．豊かな自然環境がある一方，遺産地域を含む半島沿岸部には多くの海ごみが漂着する．半島西側に位置するルシャ地区の海岸はごみの漂着量が多い地域の一つであり，ごみと流木が海岸線に沿って大量に堆積している．地元自治体やボランティアによる海岸清掃が年1回程度行われているが未だ多くのごみが残置されたままである．効果的な海岸清掃には現存するごみの動態を明らかにすることが重要だが，この地域での漂着ごみの研究は限られ，特にその季節変化や漂着・流出機構は未解明の課題である．そこで，海岸観測から漂着ごみの特性及びごみの漂着・流出過程の解明を本研究の目的とした．
Ⅱ．研究方法
海岸に調査区画（10 m×30 m）を二つ設置して区画内のごみを収集後，8種類（プラスチック，布，発泡スチロール，ゴム，金属，ガラス・陶磁器，紙，その他人工物）に分類し，それぞれの個数と重量を計測した．また，ごみを産業廃棄物と一般廃棄物とに分けて同様に個数と重量を計測した．本研究では，流木や礫に埋まっているごみは対象とせず，表面上の目視可能なごみを収集対象とした．海岸の地形変化を調べるためにRTK-GNSS搭載のUAV（Phantom4 RTK, DJI）を用いて写真測量を行った．SfM-MVS解析によって空撮画像から海岸の3Dモデルを作成し，2時期のDSMとオルソモザイク画からGIＳを用いて漂着ごみの堆積位置を比較した．更に，Time Lapse カメラを海岸に設置して，約1年間撮影を行った．撮影した映像からごみの漂着・流出時 期やその過程を調べた．
Ⅲ．結果と考察
収集した漂着ごみを分類した結果，個数では全体の9割以上がプラスチックであった．重量でもプラスチックは全体の約8割～9割を占めていた．一般廃棄物の重量は二つの調査区画でそれぞれ14 kg ~ 40 kgであったのに対して，産業廃棄物の重量は170 kg ~ 735 kgあり重量差が大きかった．産業廃棄物は主に漁網やロープ等の漁業系廃棄物であった．2020年11月と2021年10月のオルソモザイク画像を比較した結果，海岸の一部で漂着ごみの堆積状態に変化が見られた．Time Lapseカメラの画像から，2020年12月中旬に海岸に打ち寄せた波によってごみの流出や陸側への移動が起こっていた．次に，堆積状態の変化が起こる時期を網走沖の波浪データを基に考察した．波高約4 m～5 m の波が高い日が数日続いた際に，海岸では堆積状態の変化が起こることが示唆された．このような波は隔年で発生しており，その度にごみの漂着量や位置が変化している可能性が高い．一方，波の影響をほとんど受けない陸側に堆積するごみは長期間同じ状態を維持していると考えられる．したがって，新たな漂着や流出が起こりづらい陸側のごみから回収していくことで海岸美化の促進が期待できる． - Marine Litter in the World Heritage "Shiretoko": Estimations of the Volume and the Sources
Sugita Yu; Kobayashi Yuusuke; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2019, The Association of Japanese Geographers, Japanese
2019 - 2019, Marine litter was surveyed in the coast between Rusha and Pombetsu rivers, the Sea of Okhotsk coast of the Shiretoko Peninsula. Aerial photographs were taken by UAV and classification of the litter was conducted. A total of 1767 items was found, of which 87% was classified as plastic. Ridge composed of tangled up debris was seen uniformly at 20-30m away from the shoreline. Elevation map of the shore was made to estimate the volume of the ridge and the debris washed ashore. - Reconstruction of paleo-environmental changes in the northern North Pacific region from an alpine ice core
Tsushima Akane; Matoba Sumito; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2015, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese
2015 - 2015 - Lake Ice Formation Process and Thickness Evolution at Lake Abashiri, Hokkaido, Japan
Ohata Yu; Toyota Takenobu; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2015, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese
2015 - 2015 - Lake Ice Formation Process at Lake Abashiri
OHATA YU; SHIRAIWA TAKAYUKI
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2013, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese
2013 - 2013 - The Amur River basin as a giant fish-breeding forest for the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio openwater
Shiraiwa Takayuki
Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2012, The Association of Japanese Geographers
2012 - 2012, It was found that the Amur River basin could be considered as a giant "fish-breeding forest" for the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio openwater by suppling dissolved iron. It is an essential element for the photosynthesis of phytoplankton and the sufficient supply of dissolved iron makes the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio openwater as one of the world richest oceans. - 火星の北極冠に見られるスパイラルトラフの形成過程についての実験的研究:予報
清水裕貴; 横川美和; 内藤健介; 泉典洋; 山田朋人; GREVE Ralf; 白岩孝行
日本堆積学会大会プログラム・講演要旨, 2011
2011 - 2011 - Air-borne Fe deposition and solubility in precipitation estimated from alpine ice-core study
Matoba Sumito; Sasaki Hirotaka; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Abstracts of Annual Meeting of the Geochemical Society of Japan, 2011, GEOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
2011 - 2011, 近年行われた海洋への鉄散布実験の結果、北部北太平洋域の東西両海域において、鉄は一次生産の制限要因として重要であることが明らかになった。鉄の供給源については、下層からの鉛直的な供給と春先の黄砂の飛来によって大気を通してもたらさせる鉄フラックスの寄与が大きいと考えられているが、その寄与率について定量的な議論が十分なされていない。本研究では、アラスカの山岳氷河アイスコアから大気由来鉄の沈着量の経年変化を推定し、雪氷試料を用いた実験から黄砂から降水中に溶解する鉄量を求め、大気中の黄砂が海洋に湿性沈着したときに短期間で海洋環境に与えるインパクトを評価した。その結果、アイスコアから推定した鉄の年間沈着量は1993から2003年の平均で9.3 mg/m2 yrだった。アイスコアおよび札幌の積雪中に含まれる鉄の溶解度はそれぞれ10%，1.2%だった。 - Amur River basin supporting primary production in the Oyashio region of the western subarctic Pacific Ocean: the"Giant" Fish-Breeding Forest Hypothesis
Shiraiwa Takayuki
Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2009, The Association of Japanese Geographers, Japanese
2009 - 2009, The Amur River basin was found to play a key role in supporting primary production in the Oyashio region of the western subarctic Pacific Ocean by supplying dissolved iron which was essential element for phytoplankton growth. Because the dissolved iron mainly forms as a complex of iron and fuluvic acids originating from forests and swamps in the Amur River basin, it is likely that land-cover changes in the Amur River basin may affect primary production in the Sea of Okhotsk and the Oyashio region.
The land-ocean linkage mention above reminds us of the Japanese concept of Uotsuki-rin (the fish-breeding forest). However, the Amur-Okhotsk-Oyashio linkage is much stronger than that in the conventional concept. More importantly, this is the first attempt to relate the continental-scale terrestrial environment with open waters. Therefore, we refer to the idea as "Kyodai" Uotsuki-rin kasetsu (the "Giant" Fish-Breeding Forest (GFBF) Hypothesis). We have conducted various kinds of scientific researches to verify the hypothesis since 2005 and we considers it was nearly done at present.
The GFBF is also recognized as a natural system that transport various nutrients, trace elements like dissolved iron, and pollutants from an upper area (i.e., the Amur River basin) to a lower area (the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio region). Fluxes of such materials can fluctuate significantly owing to various human activities including agriculture, forestry and industry. The human activities are then influenced by both local and international sociological, political and economic situations with which the lower stakeholders are closely related. Therefore, it is also possible to recognize the GFBF as a social system connecting various stakeholders beyond the national boundaries by cycling materials, information and properties.
In spite of its importance and uniqueness, there has been no framework for protecting/conserving the GFBF. This is mainly due to the geopolitical situation of the Amur River basin and the Sea of Okhotsk: the long-term political tensions in the area have hidden the environmental deterioration from the public. We would like to inform domestic and international communities of the GFBF and its importance. We will then propose an agenda for the conservation of the GFBF by collaborating with Russian and Chinese scientists by the end of fiscal year 2009. - A numerical glacier flow model for the ice core drilling site at Aurora Peak, Alaska
Fukuda Takehiro; Sugiyama Shin; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Matoba Sumito
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2009, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese
2009 - 2009 - Interpretation of negative peaks of hydrogen stable-isotope ratio in Ichinsky Icecore from Kamchatka
Matoba Sumito; Tsushima Akane; Sasaki Hirotaka; Muravyev Yaroslav D.; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2009, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese
2009 - 2009 - Verification of iron fluxes of Mt. Wrangell ice core, Alaska by the trajectory analysis
Hirotaka Sasaki; Matoba Sumito; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2009, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese
2009 - 2009 - Analysis of water isotope ratios and past accumulation rate reconstruction of Ushkovsky ice core, Kamchatka
Sato Tatsuru; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Greve Ralf; Zwinger Thomas; Seddik Hakime
Summaries of JSSI and JSSE Joint Conference on Snow and Ice Research, 2009, The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice / Japan Society for Snow Engineering, Japanese
2009 - 2009 - B207 北部北太平洋域の過去30年のダスト変動 : 2001年4月の大規模黄砂の降下量は大きい(エアロゾル)
安成 哲平; 白岩 孝行; 的場 澄人; 佐々木 央岳; 東 久美子
大会講演予講集, 2008, 日本気象学会, Japanese
2008 - 2008 - Glaciological Expedition on Mt. Ichinsky, Kamchatka, Russia
Matoba Sumito; Ushakov Sergey V.; Shimbori Kunio; Higuchi Kazuo; Sasaki Hirotaka; Yamasaki Tetsuhide; Ovshannikov Alexander A.; Manevich Alexander G.; Zhideleeva Tatyana M.; Kutuzov Stanislav; Muravyev Yaroslav D.; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2007, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, Japanese
2007 - 2007 - The fluctuation of iron concentration in an ice core of Mt. Wrangell, Alaska
Sasaki Hirotaka; Matoba Sumito; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2007, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, Japanese
2007 - 2007 - Interpretation of detailed density profile on Mt. Wrangell, Alaska
KANAMORI Syosaku; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; MATOBA Sumito; YASUNARI Teppei
Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2007, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, Japanese
2007 - 2007 - Relationship between chemical profiles in ice cores at Alaska and Pacific Decadal Oscillation
Matoba Sumito; Kanamori Syosaku; Benson Carl; Shiraiwa Takayuki
Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2006, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, Japanese
2006 - 2006 - Stable isotope records recovered from ice cores in Mt.Wrangell , Alaska
Toida Takeshi; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Matoba Sumito
Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2006, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, Japanese
2006 - 2006 - P112 アラスカ・ランゲル山へ輸送された成層圏起源トリチウムの対流圏移流時期及び交換場所の特定
安成 哲平; 山崎 孝治; 白岩 孝行; 五十嵐 誠; Benson Carl S.; 金森 晶作; 藤井 理行; 本堂 武夫
大会講演予講集, 2006, 日本気象学会, Japanese
2006 - 2006 - A 200-year climate record reconstructed from Uskovsky ice core drilled in Kamchatka, RUSSIA
Sato Tatsuru; Shiraiwa Takayuki; Matoba Sumito
Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2006, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE, Japanese
2006 - 2006 - P350 アラスカ・ランゲル山へ輸送される空気塊の起源と雪氷コアデータの比較
安成 哲平; 白岩 孝行; Benson Carl S; 山崎 孝治; 金森 晶作; 藤井 理行; 五十嵐 誠; 本堂 武夫
大会講演予講集, 31 Oct. 2005, 社団法人日本気象学会, Japanese
31 Oct. 2005 - 31 Oct. 2005 - D458 雪氷コア中のダスト濃度に基づく降雪量の季節配分の復元 : アラスカ・ラングル山の事例(降雪・気候,雪氷圏と気候,専門分科会)
安成 哲平; 白岩 孝行; 金森 晶作; Benson Carl S; 山崎 孝治; 藤井 理行; 五十嵐 誠; 本堂 武夫
大会講演予講集, 30 Apr. 2005, 社団法人日本気象学会, Japanese
30 Apr. 2005 - 30 Apr. 2005 - P134 アラスカ・ラングル山の雪面と大気のダスト変動及びそれに基づく雪氷コアのダスト解析
安成 哲平; 本堂 武夫; 白岩 孝行; Benson Carl S; 金森 晶作; 藤井 理行; 五十嵐 誠; 山崎 孝治; 青木 輝夫; 杉浦 幸之助
大会講演予講集, Oct. 2004, 社団法人日本気象学会, Japanese
Oct. 2004 - Oct. 2004 - Shrinkage of the permafrost in the Khumbu Himal, Nepal obsereved by the reiterated survey on the Nuptse Rock Glacier
ASAHI Katsuhiko; WATANABE Teiji; SHIRAIWA Takayuki
日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 10 Sep. 2004, Japanese
10 Sep. 2004 - 10 Sep. 2004 - Implications of englacial temperature profiles in high mountains
Shiraiwa Takayuki; Takeuchi Nozomu; Azuma Kumiko
Preprints of the Annual Conference, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, 2004, THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF SNOW AND ICE
2004 - 2004 - カムチャツカ・カレイタ氷河における数値モデルを用いた小氷期以降の気候復元
山口悟; 成瀬廉二; 白岩孝行
日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, 20 Sep. 2002, Japanese
20 Sep. 2002 - 20 Sep. 2002 - Recent glacier fluctuation in the Suntar Khayata Mountains, East Siberia
SHIRAIWA T.; YAMADA T.; TAKAHASHI S.; FUJII Y.; KONONOV Y.; ANANICHEVA M. D.; KOREISHA M. M.; MURAVYEV Y. D.
日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 01 Mar. 2002, Japanese
01 Mar. 2002 - 01 Mar. 2002 - 氷河モデルを用いたKoryto氷河の変動特性
山口悟; 成瀬廉二; 白岩孝行
日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, 20 Sep. 2000, Japanese
20 Sep. 2000 - 20 Sep. 2000 - Paleoclimate reconstruction in the Circum Okhotsk Region by means of ice core analyses from Kamchatka Peninsula
SHIRAIWA T.; MATOBA S.; NISHIO F.; TOYAMA Y.; KAMEDA T.; TANAKA N.; FUJIKAWA T.; YAMAGATA K.; MURAVYEV Y.d.; SALAMATIN A.n.
日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2000, Japanese
2000 - 2000 - カムチャツカ半島ウシュコフスキー氷冠の雪氷学的特性と古気候学的意義
白岩孝行; MURAVYEV Y D; 松岡健一; SALAMATIN A N; 堀川信一郎; 山口悟; OVSYANNIKOV A A; 藤川哲弥; 田中教幸
日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, Sep. 1998, Japanese
Sep. 1998 - Sep. 1998 - 南極における無人気象観測(1993-1996)
高橋 修平; 榎本 浩之; 亀田 貴雄; 白岩 孝行; 児玉 裕二; 藤田 秀二; 本山 秀明; 渡邉 興亜; WEIDNER G. A; STEARNS C. R
大会講演予講集, Oct. 1997, Japanese
Oct. 1997 - Oct. 1997 - Bedrock topography soundings at Ushkovsky ice cap, Kamchatka, using impulse radar.
松岡健一; 白岩孝行; 浦塚清峰; 大井正行; 前野英生; 堀川信一郎; 山口悟; MURAVYEV Y; D; 前晋爾
日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, Sep. 1997, Japanese
Sep. 1997 - Sep. 1997 - Paleoclimate reconstruction in the circum Okhotsk region by ice core analyses.
白岩孝行; 山口悟; MURAVYEV Y D
日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, Sep. 1997, Japanese
Sep. 1997 - Sep. 1997 - Recent variations of mass balance of the Hisago snowpatch, Mt.Taisetsu.
山口悟; 白岩孝行; 成瀬廉二
日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, Sep. 1997, Japanese
Sep. 1997 - Sep. 1997 - Mass balance features of Koryto Glacier, Kamchatka, Russia.
白岩孝行; 山口悟; 児玉裕二; 松元高峰; MURAVYEV Y D; GLAZIRIN G E
日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, Sep. 1997, Japanese
Sep. 1997 - Sep. 1997 - Flow of Koryto Glacier in Kamchatka Peninsula.
山口悟; 白岩孝行; 成瀬廉二; MURAVYEV V D; GLAZIRIN G E
日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, Sep. 1997, Japanese
Sep. 1997 - Sep. 1997 - Distribution and mass balance of glaciers in Kamchatka Peninsula
SHIRAIWA Takayuki; YAMAGUCHI Satoru; MURAVYEV Yaroslav
日本地理学会発表要旨集 = Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, Mar. 1997, Japanese
Mar. 1997 - Mar. 1997 - A glaciological boundary condition between perennial snow-patch and glacier.
山口悟; 白岩孝行; 成瀬廉二
日本雪氷学会全国大会講演予稿集, Sep. 1996, Japanese
Sep. 1996 - Sep. 1996 - 南極大陸ドームふじの昇温現象とその空間分布 : 1994年のAWS及び衛星マイクロ波観測から
榎本 浩之; 本山 秀明; 白岩 孝行; 斉藤 隆志; 亀田 貴雄; 古川 晶雄; 高橋 修平; 渡辺 興亜
大会講演予講集, 16 Oct. 1995, Japanese
16 Oct. 1995 - 16 Oct. 1995
- 雪氷水文学特論, 2024年, 修士課程, 環境科学院
- 地球雪氷学実習Ⅱ, 2024年, 修士課程, 環境科学院
- 地球雪氷学実習Ⅰ, 2024年, 修士課程, 環境科学院
- 大学院共通授業科目（教育プログラム）：南極学, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目
- 大学院共通授業科目（教育プログラム）：南極学, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目
- 大学院共通授業科目（教育プログラム）：南極学, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目
- 地球雪氷学基礎論, 2024年, 修士課程, 環境科学院
- 環境と人間, 2024年, 学士課程, 全学教育
- 一般教育演習(ﾌﾚｯｼｭﾏﾝｾﾐﾅｰ), 2024年, 学士課程, 全学教育
■ Research Themes
- Interdisciplinary Studies on management of marine litters deposited at nature conservation coasts
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2024 - 31 Mar. 2027
白岩 孝行; 島村 健
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hokkaido University, 24K15410 - 表層と中層をつなぐ北太平洋オーバーターン：大陸からの淡水供給を介した陸海結合系
科学研究費助成事業
01 Apr. 2021 - 31 Mar. 2024
三寺 史夫; 白岩 孝行; 植田 宏昭; 中村 知裕
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 21H01154 - Freshwater discharge from the Kamchatka Peninsula controls Pan-Okhotsk land-ocean linkage system
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2017 - 31 Mar. 2020
Mitsudera Humio
Oyashio is one of most highly productive ocean in the world. This is owing to the Pan-Okhotsk land-ocean linkage system that provides the Oyashio with iron, an essential micronutrient, originating in wetlands in the Amur River basin via intermediate-layer circulation in the Sea of Okhotsk. This project aimed to elucidate roles of precipitation, snow and glacier over the Kamchatka Peninsula, which transfers information of atmospheric variations to the ocean through riverine discharge. We hypothesized that the riverine discharage from the peninsula may control the Pan-Okhotsk land-ocean linkage system. We have found that (1) the total amount of discharge from the Kamchatka Peninsula is approximately 80% of that of the Amur River, and (2) freshwater from the Kamchatka Peninsula gives more impacts on salinity of the dense shelf water that drives the intermediate-layer circulation than that from the Amur River does.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Hokkaido University, 17H01156 - Impact of permafrost degradation on the discharge of dissolved iron in the Amur River basin
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2015 - 31 Mar. 2018
SHIRAIWA TAKAYUKI; TASHIRO Yuto; KUBO Takumi
We investigated the Tyrma river basin of the Amur river from 2015 to 2017 in order to clarify possible cause of the rapid increase in dissolved iron of the Amur river in the late 1990s. Our 6-times field survey led to the findings of unique landscape called "mari" where sparse larch forest underlain by sphagnum vegetation. The "mari" is found to support sporadic permafrost and supplies significant amount of dissolved iron to its river. The "mari" is found to be developed in riparian zone of the river system by the analyses of indices like NDVI, NDWI and NDSI based on LANDSAT spectral data.
We speculate the cause of rapid increase in dissolved iron concentration of the Amur river in the late 1990s were caused by melting of sporadic permafrost which resulted in the extension of redox condition in the upper part of the Amur river.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Hokkaido University, 15H05208 - Integrated Management of the Amur-Okhotsk Ecosystem and the Applicability of the Ramsar Convention
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2012 - 31 Mar. 2015
HANAMATSU YASUNORI; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; DA Zhigang; SIMONOV Eugine; KUBOTA Junpei
Examining documents and materials concerning the implementation process of the Ramsar Convention such as the official documents drafted by the COPs of the Ramsar Convention and the Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP), it has been cleared that there is a general understanding for the ecological linkage between wetland adjacent to the coastal area and the marine coastal environment in the implementation process of the Ramsar Convention.
However, on the other hand, it has hardly been discussed if there is both an ecological and institutional linkage between wetland located in inland basin area and marine environment, except for a problem of pollution from basin area to coastal or oceanic area.
It can be considered that such a result has been largely reflected by the gap of knowledge or understanding between scientists studying wetland or inland basin and those studying oceanography, as well as the interpretive problem of the Ramsar Convention.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), 24730098 - Response prediction and impact statement of glacier ecosystems on global environmental change
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2010 - 31 Mar. 2014
KOHSHIMA Shiro; USHIDA Kazunari; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; YOSHIMURA Yoshitaka; TAKEUCHI Nozomu; FUJITA Koji
To estimate the response of glacier ecosystems to the global environmental change, we studied ecology of glacier microorganisms and albedo reducing process by microbial activities on the glaciers of various types by field studies at various part of the world. By comparing microbial flora, surface structure, albedo and environmental conditions on glaciers of various types, we could clarify relationship between glacial microbial flora and environmental condition, basic information needed to understand glacial microbial activities and how it affect glacier albedo.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Kyoto University, 22241005 - カムチャッカ半島の氷河変動に関する研究
科学研究費補助金
1995 - 2010
Competitive research funding - Glacier fluctuations in Kamchatka Peninsula
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
1995 - 2010
Competitive research funding - ヒマラヤ山脈の氷河変動に関する研究
1987 - 2010
Competitive research funding - Glacier fluctuations in Himalaya
1987 - 2010
Competitive research funding - How microbial activities in the snow and ice reduce glacial albedo?
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2007 - 2009
KOHSHIMA Shiro; USHIDA Kazunari; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; YOSHIMURA Yoshitaka; TAKEUCHI Nozomu; FUJITA Koji
To understand how microbial activities on the glacier accelerate melting of the glaciers by reducing the surface albedo and estimate the intensity of such biological albedo-reducing effects, we conducted field researches on glacier albedo, microorganisms, surface structure and environmental conditions at various types of glaciers. We could clarify various regional differences in microbiological communities, albedo and environmental conditions on the glaciers that could provide important cues to understand the relationship between the microbial activity and the albedo of glaciers.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 19310020 - Reconstruct of depositions of terrestrial materials into the northern North Pacific by ice-core analysis
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2007 - 2009
SHIRAIWA Takayuki; MATOBA Sumito; YAMATAGA Kotaro; SUGIYAMA Shin; IIZUKA Yoshinori; YOSHIKAWA Kenji; SASAKI Hirotaka; FUKUDA Takehiro; TSUSHIMA Akane
In order to study the relationship between the North Pacific climate regime shift and ocean primary production, we analyzed iron concentrations in an ice core drilled at Aurora Peak, Alaskan Range. It was found that the averaged iron deposition was 8.8mg m^2yr^<-1> for the last 10 years, but it was 29 and 19mg m^2yr^<-1> for 2001 and 2002 when there were significant Kosa events. The results suggest that the atmospheric iron deposition to the upper 30-m mixed layer will not affect the biomass production in average but the amounts as recorded in 2001 and 2002 will be high enough to affect the ocean primary production.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 19340137 - 南極氷床の質量収支に関する研究
1993 - 2008
Competitive research funding - Glacier mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet
1993 - 2008
Competitive research funding - Glaciological observations in Eastern Siberia as an activity of IPY
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2004 - 2007
TAKAHASHI Shuhei; ENOMOTO Hiroyuki; KAMEDA Takao; SHIRASAWA Kunio; SHIRAIWA Takao; SUGIURA Konosuke
In the period of IGY, Russian Academy has made glaciological researches extensively in Suntar-Khayata Range in Eastern Siberia, where about 180 glaciers were numbered. After the IGY, no observation was done in this area except aerial-photo or satellite observation. After 50 years, we made glaciological and meteorological observations as an activity of IPY.
In 2004-2005, meteorological observation was done around Glacier No. 31 in Suntar-Khayata Range (the same place as the station before 50 years,) and at Oimiyakon area. The minimum temperature in a year was -59C at Oimiyakon (about 680m a. s.l.), while it was -45C at Glacier No. 31 (about 2050m a. s.l.), which suggests there was strong temperature-inversion in this area.
In 2006-2007, meteorological observation was done between Magadan and Oimiyakon. The minimum temperature in 2007 was below -50C in inner region, -59.7C at Oimiyakon, while it was higher at coastal region, -23.2C at Magadan.
Glaciers retreated 50-150m in length in the Northern massif from Little Ice Age to 1970's, and 100-200m in the Southern massif. This difference would derive from the difference of climate change between Sea of Okhotsk area and Arctic area.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kitami Institute of Technology, 16403006 - Studies on past-environment by ice core analyses using microbial activities in the snow and ice
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2004 - 2006
KOHSHIMA Shiro; USHIDA Kazunari; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; YOSHIMURA Yoshitaka; TAKEUCHI Kozomu
We improved the method of biological ice-core analysis applying the following new techniques of DNA analysis, such as species identification by 16SrRNA gene analysis, RT-PCR and microbial community analysis by DGGE method. These improvements enabled identification and quantification of bacteria and cyanobacteria in the ice-cores and snow and ice samples which had been difficult with old techniques.
We collected ice-core samples in Russian Altai, European Alps, Chilean Andes, Alaska and analyzed biotic contents in these cores, such as snow algae, bacteria, fungi and pollens. In all these analyses, we could show that we can use the snow algae and pollens in the ice core as a good markers for annual layers useful for accurate dating of mid-latitude ice cores. We also examined bacterial DNA in the Antarctic ice cores for potential use as new environmental markers for the study on the past environment. We found that the Antarctic ice core preserved many ancient airborne bacteria and that bacterial community contained in the ice core differed between the samples of glacial age and interglacial age. The results suggest that air borne bacteria in the Antarctic ice cores could be new environmental markers if we can identify the source of the bacteria. So, we also started preliminary sampling and analysis of airborne bacteria released from Amazonian tropical rain forest, one of the possible source of bacteria stored in the Antarctic ice cores.
To make comparative studies among glacier ecosystems of various part of the world, we collected microbiologial samples at the glaciers of the following regions: Russian Altai, Alaska mountain-range, European Alps, Chilean Andes and Rwenzori mountains of Uganda. By analyzing these samples with new methods, we could obtain many results important to understand glacier ecosystems and improve biological ice-core analysis. For example, we could find more than 10 new bacterial species adapted to cold environment in the snow and ice. The results of these analyses also showed that bacterial community on the glacier changed depending on the altitude. The result implies that we can use bacteria in the ice core as new environmental markers as well as snow algae because their their biomass and species composition change with environmental condition.[
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 16310004 - Physical processes in polar ice sheets and high resolution analyses of Earth's history in climatic and environmental changes
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2002 - 2006
HONDOH Takeo; GREVE R・G; IIZUKA Yoshinori; FUJITA Shuji; HORI Akira; KAMEDA Takao
The aim of the present study is to develop a new research field, Nanoglaciology, for better understanding the ice sheet processes on a macroscopic scale on the basis of various microphysical mechanisms involved in the processes, and to clarify the meaning of paleoclimate-and paleoenvironment-signals and their reliabilities. The main results obtained are summarized as ;
1. A mass transfer in the firn and the formation process of layer structures : We revealed structural changes of the layering formed at the surface with depth by the use of various experimental methods. Using SEM-EDS and micro-RAMAN, we found that most of the trace ions are included in the micro particles of sulfate salts and other salts. We proposed a new reaction diagram for determining the product materials in relation to ion balances.
2. Bubble to hydrate transition and gas fractionations : We found a new mechanism of hydrate nucleation that occurs on salt inclusions, and suggested that the layer structure in deeper part depends on a distribution of salt particles.
3. Development of crystal fabrics and ice sheet flow: We developed a new model taking anisotropy of fabrics into consideration that has been neglected so far. Applying this new model to DML Antarctica, we found much larger flow velocity than that calculated by an isotropic flow model.
4. Radar echo sounding of ice sheets : Using a new radar sounding system that was designed to detect internal structures of ice sheets, we found birefringence effect by the ice sheet for the first time. This new method enables us to deduce the internal fabric structures regarding to ice sheet flow.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Creative Scientific Research, Hokkaido University, 14GS0202 - RECONSTRUCTION OF CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT BY MEANS OF ICE CORE ANALYSES IN THE NORTH PACIFIC
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2004 - 2005
SHIRAIWA Takayuki; NAKATSUKA Takeshi; TACHIBANA Yoshihiro; YAMAGATA Kotaro; MATOBA Sumito
We analyzed the ice core drilled at Mt.Wrangell in 2004. The analyses were made for the upper 100m of the 217-m long ice core. They are hydrogen isotope ratio (0-50m), major ions (0-50m), dust concentration (0-80m), X-ray density (0-100m) and tritium (0-50m). Trace elements were also measured for the Mt.Logan ice core which we drilled in 2002. Following results are obtained by this research project :
1.Clear seasonal cycles are found for the upper 50m of the ice core in the cases of hydrogen isotope ratio, dust and tritium concentrations. The peaks appeared in summer for delta D and spring for the dust and tritium concentrations.
2.Standard deviation in the X-ray density variations are negatively related with delta D suggesting that the high density variations occur in spring-summer period when snow falls rather intermittently.
3.Concentration in dust becomes higher in spring and lower in the other periods. It is also found that the dust concentration has been increasing since 2000, which coincides with observation of dust falls in Japan.
4.Tritium concentration in the Wrangell ice core shows a beautiful seasonal cycle having the highest peak in spring. This is due to the so-called "Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange" in air mass and the concentration can be a promising indication of atmospheric disturbances in spring.
5.Sodium flux is positively correlated with Pacific Decadal Oscillations suggesting the atmospheric-oceanic interaction in the North Pacific.
6.Annual Iron fluxes during the period 1980-2000 in the Logan ice core were varying from several μg/square m to 80μg/square m. The source of the iron can be ascribed to Asian dust and the nearby volcanoes.
7.Annual accumulation rates both in the Wrangell ice core and the Logan ice core showed clear negative relationship for the last 100 years, suggesting that the PDO has impacted mountain precipitation significantly.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 16403005 - Monitoring of supra glacial lakes and risk assessment of their outburst in the Greet Himalayas.
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2002 - 2003
YAMADA Tomomi; SAITO Mitsuyoshi; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; ISOGAI Koichi
The inventory of present moraine dammed glacier lakes with the area more than 0.01km^2 in the northern and southern slopes of the Great Himalayas in the longitude between 85°15′ and 91°00′E, i.e., eastern Nepal, Sikkim, India, Bhutan and Tibet, China was made by using the latest Landsat ETM imageries taken in 2000, 2001 and 2002. Totally 539 lakes with the whole ares of 122.46km^2 are compiled in this area. The lakes were also compiled using Landast MSS imageries taken in 1976 and compared with the lakes found in the 2000-2002 imageries to clarify their temporal variations during 24-26 years. The results indicate that all lakes in 1976 expanded and many lakes are newly formed in the period. As a result of examining the causes of the development of the lakes in terms of the inclination of topography, where glaciers are situated, it is found that the gentler an inclination of topography is, the more the glacial lakes develop.
The risk of a glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) should he evaluated by lake size, the possibility of sudden huge mass input into the lake from the lake surroundings and the extent of a moraine-dam deterioration due to cored ice melting or piping. The measures of the risk assessment were studied by means of topographic interpretation such as mass movement landform and slope failure around the lake, using optical data of ASTER and Landsat and DEM stereoscopy constructed by SAR data pair. But the relationship between these information obtained by the analysis of satellite data sod the actual risk of GLOF should be continuously studied in future, because further collection of grand truth data is still necessary to GLOF risk assessment.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Hokkaido University, 14380198 - Studies for biological ice core analyses using microorganisms growing in the snow and ice of the glacier
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2001 - 2003
KOHSHIMA Shiro; TAKEUCHI Nozomu; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; USHIDA Kazunari
Technical improvement of microbiological analysis of snow and ice : In order to identify bacteria growing in the snow and ice, we collected snow samples from Kuranosuke snow patch in Japan Alps, extracted 16s rRNA DNA from the samples and sequenced these DNA. We could identify bacterial species in the snow samples by matching the sequences with those in the various Databases. Samples of the the melting season contained a psychrophilic bacterium and two psychrotrophic bacteria. Seasonal change of bacterial biomass estimated by Real time PCR strongly suggested that these 3 species are growing in the snow during melt-season. We also succeeded in extraction and seaquencing of 18s rRNA DNA of snow algae and identification of some species.
Biological ice core analyses using microorganisms in the snow and ice: We collected shallow ice cores and samples of microorganisms in the snow and ice of the glaciers of various part of the world, such as Alaska, Altai mountains, Chilean Andes and Bhutan Himalaya. Although analyses of the ice cores are still ongoing, all ice cores collected contained microorganisms such as snow algae and bacteria. These microorganisms in the ice cores were analyzed for potential use in ice core analyses. In some ice cores, it was revealed that microorganisms in the ice core, especially snow algae are effective marker of annual layers. We estimated incredibly high net accumulation rate of a Patagonian glacier (10-20m w.e.) by analyzing seasonal change of snow algal biomass in the ice core.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, 13480154 - Study on formation mechanism and expansion mechanism of a moraine-dammed glacier lake
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2001 - 2003
YAMADA Tomomi; NISHIMURA Koichi; FUSHIMI Hiroji; KOBAYASHI Shun'ichi; HIGAKI Daisuke; HARADA Koichiro
Supra-glacial lakes have been formed on the debris covered ablation area of shrinking large valley glaciers in the southern and northern slopes of Great Himalayas in this half century, maybe due to the recent global warming. Since the lake was dammed by unstable moraines, a glacier lake outburst flood (GLOF) is frequently happened and a serious disaster is generated along down stream. The GLOF newly appears as the new face of natural disaster in the Himalayan countries. Once the lake was formed, its expansion is quite high rate. The lake is not simultaneously formed on all the glaciers : it is born on one glacier but not on the neighbor glacier, though they are situated under the same climatic and morphological condition. For predicting lake formation and its rapid growth, formation and expansion mechanism were studied.
Underground water basin is formed in the ablation area of a valley glacier and bounded by impermeable moraine. After lowering surface arrives at the water table, stable ponds appear on the glacier surface expanding ponds connect each other and finally grow up to a lake. Surface lowering rate of the ablation area depends on surface mass balance and surface level change derived from glacier dynamics. The negative mass balance / the emergence velocity in the compressive pressure field, which are common at the ablation area, make the surface lowering / uplifting, respectively. Such a glacier that the surface debris is thinner, the altitude of the ablation area is lower and more numbers of pond and exposed ice beside it, which usually develop on the ablation area, have advantage for the surface lowering because of more negative surface mass balance. More gentle inclination of the ablation area, the less emergence velocity, i.e., less surface uplift. Those conditions are deferent from each glacier. A glacial lake is first created on such a particular glacier as the surface lowering rate is higher than the other glaciers even though they are in the same climatic condition.
It is found that large expansion rate of the lake is attributed to the active calving of the ice cliff, which is formed in the glacier terminus and directly contact with the up-lake end Surface lake water warmed up by sun radiation is transported into the ice cliff by stable valley wind and melts the ice cliff under the water, effectively the cliff scooped out is collapsed and fall into the lake. This mechanism makes the lake expansion and the glacier rapidly retreat, efficiently. On the other hand, bottom ice under the lake melts away by lake water of 2〜3℃ and lake deepens. Investigation of heat budget of the lake proves that heat energy to melt floating ice, produced by calving, and bottom ice is mainly supplied by sun radiation absorbed in lake-surface with low albedo.
Results of the study was already published in 3 English reports and 3 Japanese repots.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY, 13573004 - Reconstruction of North Pacific DICE by Ice Core Analyses
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2001 - 2002
SHIRAKAWA Takayuki; TANAKA Noriyuki
North Pacific DICE (Decadal and Interdecadal Climatic Event) was reconstructed from the analyses of 212 m-long ice core recovered at Ushkovsky Ice cap, Kamchatka, Russia. We developed analytical and numerical glacier-mechanical models in order to compensate the total strain so that we could reconstruct the 170-year time series of annual accumulation rates. Our spectral analysis showed that the acoumulation rates have spectra of 32.1, 12.2, 5.1 and 3.7 years. The time-series has clear negativc corrclation with so called PDO Index (Pacific Decadal Oscillations : Mantua et al., 1997). The results suggest that the accumulation rate changes in Kamchatka are strongly controlled by the atmospheric field covering the whole North Pacific Ocean.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY, 13640432 - Development of an impulse ice-radar for the use of thickness measurements of mountain glaciers
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2000 - 2002
NARUSE Renji; INAGAKI Masaharu; MAENO Hideo; TAKEI Iwao; FUJITA Shuji; SHIRAIWA Takayuki
We have developed a novel ice-penetrating radar system that can be carried on a backpack. Including batteries for a three-hour continuous measurement, the total weight is 13 kg. In addition, it operates reliably down to -25°C, has a low power consumption of 24 W, and is semi-waterproof. The system has a built-in-one controller with a high-brightness display for reading data quickly, a receiver with 12-bit digitizing, and a 1-kV pulse transmitter with time variance of the pulse amplitude of less than 0.2%. The optical communications between components provides low-noise data acquisition and allows synchronizing of the pulse transmission with sampling. Measurements with this system successfully illustrate 300-m deep bed topography of Athabasca Glacier, Canada, in summers 2001 and 2002.
To complement a technique to detect internal structures of seasonal snow-covers and glacier firn with ground-penetrating radar (GPR), we carried out calibration experiments and an observation of winter snow-cover (5.7 m thick dry snow with numerous ice layers) with an 800-MHz GPR. In particular, we aimed to discriminate periodic noise from radar echoes, which is inherent in GPR, and to obtain a relationship between the observed reflection strength and the magnitude of density contrasts. Experiments were made in the open space to evaluate noise levels and receiver characteristics of this system. Based on these, we removed noise from radar echoes in the snow-cover observation. We recognized numerous marked echoes in a noise-free radargram. Depths of these echoes coincided roughly with those of large density contrasts observed in the snow-pit. Thus, we argue that the echoes correspond to thin ice layers. Furthermore, the minimum density contrasts to be detected by this GPR are found to vary from about 100 to 250 kg m"3 with the depth from 1 to 6 m in the seasonal snow-cover.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY, 12554015 - 「気候システムにおける雪氷の役割」解明のための研究計画立案
科学研究費助成事業
2001 - 2001
大畑 哲夫; 白岩 孝行; 成瀬 廉二; 榎本 浩之; 石井 吉之; 石川 信敬
本研究の目的は、新たに計画されたWCRP(世界気候研究計画)のCliC(Climate and Cryosphere)の国際的な動きに対応し、今まで数多くの日本人研究グループが今までの蓄積をレビューし、「気候システムにおける雪氷の役割」についての総合的研究の具体的方針を示し、中国・ロシアなど諸外国との協力を含んだ研究課題・実施方法を立案することであった。
これを実行するために以下の3つの会合を開催した。
(1)会合名:CliC計画の内、氷河・氷床に関連した課題についての研究会
日時と場所:平成13年10月24日、北海道大学・低温科学研究所
参加者数:約20名
(2)会合名:CliC計画の内、積雪凍土に関連した課題についての研究会
日時と場所:平成13年11月27日、北海道大学・低温科学研究所
参加者数:約20名
(3)会合名:Asia CliC Meeting
日時と場所:平成14年2月25-27日、海洋科学技術センター横浜研究所
参加者数:約30名(海外はロシア2名、モンゴル2名、中国3名、ネパール1名、WCRP1名)
(1)および(2)は若手を中心とした会合であり、各研究者が行ってきた今までの研究成果と今後の展望・方針について話をしてもらい、国内における研究の方向の潜在性を明らかにすることができた。また、(3)ではアジア地域の研究者とアジア地域で「雪氷圏と気候」について研究を行っている研究者を招聘し、研究の全体的動向と戦略および現在進行中の関連プロジェクトの話をしてもらった。これらの会合で議論された内容は基本的情報としてまとめられ、一つは来年度作成する国内の研究計画書に反映させる予定であり、また今後の検討によるが、アジア地域の共同研究書に反映させる予定である。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 北海道大学, 13894011 - Vegetation dynamics and environmental variation in Kamchatka
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
1999 - 2001
HARA Toshihiko; SONE Toshio; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; SUMIDA Akihiro; YAMAGATA Kotaro; HOMMA Kosuke
We established several permanent plots of 1 ha for studying forest dynamics in Kamchatka. We carried out measurements of tree sizes (stem diameter, tree height), positions in the plots and physical environments such as light intensity and temperature. Picea seedlings established under the tree crown but not in gaps. Therefore, gap regeneration dynamics, which is a well known phenomenon in temperate and tropical forests, does not work in the forests of Kamchatka. This is a new phenomenon we found in Kamchatka. We hypothesize that this is because of severe environments such as high light stress, low temperature, low precipitation, in Kamchatka. We also carried out investigations in the Koryto glacier for reconstructing past climate change (temperature, precipitation) in Kamchatka for comparison with forest dynamics. We found that forest fire occurs more frequently in years with lower precipitation. Effects of forest fires on forest dynamics and climate change have also bee investigated by using simulation models.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Hokkaido University, 11691166 - Assessment of effects on sea-level changes due to recessions of large-scale temperate glaciers caused by global warming
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
1999 - 2000
NARUSE Renji; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; SAWAGAKI Takanobu
This study was conducted by analyzing mostly the samples and data obtained from the field surveys at glaciers in Patagonia, South America, made in 1999 and 2000. Ice-core drilling was carried out in December 1999 near the head(1756m a.s.l.)of the accumulation area of Tyndall Glacier. Analyses of stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes as well as major ions and biomass along a 46-m-long ice-core were made in laboratories to estimate accumulation rates over the Patagonia Icefield. Annual net accumulation rate was estimated as 17.8m a^<-1> w.e.in the balance year of 1997/98-1998/99, whereas 11.0m a^<-1> in 1998/99-1999/00. This high net-accumulation rate ranks Tyndall Glacier as one of the more extreme maritime glaciers in the world. Almost all large-scale glaciers in Patagonia calve into fjords to the west and into lakes to the east. Dynamic behavior of the lacustrine calving Upsala Glacier was studied, and it was found that the frontal variations should be affected by the bed topography and longitudinal stretching of the glacier. A linear relationship between calving velocity and water depth near the calving terminus was derived from freshwater calving glaciers in Patagonia. Measurements of flow velocities and calving events were carried out in December 1999 near the terminus of Glaciar Perito Moreno. The largest velocity was obtained as 2.7m d^<-1> at the front tip. A dynamic glacier model was constructed on the basis of measurements of flow velocity and ablation rates at Soler Glacier and others.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY, 11640422 - Holocene glacier variation and their mechanism in Patagonia, South America
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
1998 - 1999
ANIYA Masamu; KOHSHIMA Shiro; KOBAYASHI Shunnichi; NARUSE Renji; SHIRAIWA Takayuki
In 1998, the following results were obtained from field work in the Northern Patagonia Icefield. As for the study of the Holocene glacier variation of Soler Glacier, and Nef glacier in the valley of Soler River, the distribution and location of terminal moraines suggest the existence of the Younger Dryas advance (ca. 10,500 BP) and the Neoglaciation II (ca. 2000 BP) ; however, these suppositions awaits for confirmation by carbon 14 and cosmic ray datings. At Soler Glacier, glacier flow, the surface profile, strain rates were measured at the ablation area, along with hydrological and meteorological observations. Findings include that the amount of the basal slip accounts a large part of the glacier flow. The measurement of the surface profile revealed that the surface elevation decreased by 42 ± 5 m since 1986, with the mean annual thinning rate of 3.2 ± 5 m.
Aerial photographic survey in 1998 of snouts of outlet glaciers of the Northern Patagonia Icefield revealed glacier variations since 1995 when it was done last time. All outlet glaciers but one (San Rafael Glacier) are found to have retreated during this period. Aerial photographic survey in 1999 disclosed a very interesting phenomenon. San Rafael Glacier, which was only glacier advancing since 1993, was found to have retreated between 1998 and 1999. From this observation, it is postulated that the unusual advance of San Rafael Glacier may no be attributed to the rainfall increase during the early 1970s as supposed before, but may be attributed to fjord topography and glacier dynamics.
In November-December 1999, ice drilling was accomplished at the accumulation area of Tyndall Glacier of the Southern Patagonia Icefield, acquiring ice-core samples of 46 m long, along with in situ observation. Detailed chemical analyses of the ice-core will be done in the near future. At Perito Moreno Glacier, Calving activities were measured with photogrammetric measurements and the amount of calving was estimated by recording tidal waves caused by calving. Bathymetric survey of the lake was also done, revealing the depth near the glacier front down to 80 m deep. The depth of Brazo Upsala, into which Upsala Glacier is flowing, was measured, with the maximum depth close to 700 m. Bathymetric data are important to analyze the relationship between calving activities, glacier dynamics and glacier variations.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)., University of Tsukuba, 10041105 - RECONSTRUCTION OF ALEUTIAN LOW ACTIVITIES FOR THE LAST 200 YEARS BY ICE CORE ANALYSES
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
1997 - 1999
SHIRAIWA Takayuki; TANAKA Noriyuki; KODAMA Yuji
Reconstruction of the Aleutian low activity was attempted by means of physical and chemical analyses of ice cores recovered from Ushkovsky Ice Cap, Kamchatka, Russia. Major ions and stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes were measured for the upper 60 m of the ice cores. We found that NaィイD1+ィエD1, KィイD1+ィエD1, MgィイD12+ィエD1, CaィイD12+ィエD1, ClィイD1-ィエD1, and SOィイD24ィエD2ィイD12-ィエD1 are definitely influenced by volcanic activities because high peaks in these ions were observed at the same horizons where visible ash layers are present. In contrast, variations in NOィイD23ィエD2ィイD1-ィエD1 seem to be independent from volcanic ashes except for major volcanic event The fluctuations found in NOィイD23ィエD2ィイD1-ィエD1 are quasi-synchronous to those observed in stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopes which are known to fluctuate seasonally.
By counting seasonallity in NOィイD23ィエD2ィイD1-ィエD1 and stable isotopes, ice core was converted into time series of annual mass balances after compensation with densification and thinning by flow. We found a signiricant positive correlation between reconstructed mass balances and total annual precipitation recorded at foot slope of the Ushkovsky volcano for the last 70 years This implies that the ice core is the proxy of annual precipitation in this area and provide proxy precipitation record for the last 500 years once the whole record (212 m) will be analyzed in future. It will be also possible for this ice cores to show DICE events since the major climate shift observed around mid-1970s in North Pacific Ocean is clearly recorded in the reconstructed mass balances as increasing precipitation.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), THE INSTITUTE OF LOW TEMPERATURE SCIENCE, 09640517 - カムチャッカ半島における氷河をとりまく水循環過程およびそ変遷に関する研究
科学研究費助成事業
1996 - 1998
小林 大二; OVSYANNIKOV A.A.; MURAVYEV Y.D; 白岩 孝行; 亀田 貴雄; 西尾 文彦; 西村 浩一; 佐藤 利幸; 幸島 司郎; 山縣 耕太郎; OVSYANNIKOV エイ; KHOMENTOVSKY ピー; GLAZYRIN G.; MURAVYEV Y.; 曽根 敏雄; 兒玉 裕二
カムチャツカ半島ウシュコフスキー氷冠において雪氷コア掘削ならびに現場解析を実施した。標高3,901m.氷厚240mを有するに地点に総計2.4トンの物資をヘリコプター輸送し,1998年6月20日から30日にかけて雪氷コアを掘削した.総掘削回数307回,総掘削時間103時間で全長211.7mの雪氷コアを採取した.掘削終了後,20m毎に掘削孔壁の温度を測定した.深度10mは-15.7℃,底部211.7mは-4.2℃であり,表面からほぼ直線的に漸増する温度垂直分布が得られた.掘削と並行して,層序観察,バルク密度測定,ECM(固体電気伝導度)測定,デジタルビデオによるコアの撮影を行った.現場解析ができた表面から深度141mまでのコアによれば,55m付近の氷化深度以浅では,コアは融解・再凍結氷と融解を経験していないフィルンからなり,氷化深度以深では融解・再凍結氷と圧密氷との互層から構成されていた.深度141mまでのコア中には目視できる火山灰だけでも183層が確認され,そのうち2層が火山灰の特徴から噴出年代が特定された.ECMとビデオ撮影したコアのモザイク画像とを比較した結果,ECMシグナルは火山灰層で低下,融解・再凍結氷層で上昇する傾向が見られた.一方,高所における掘削オペレーションであったため,人員の健康面での各種データを採取し,高所順応の個人差を考察した.
日本学術振興会, 国際学術研究, 北海道大学, 08041090 - 山地稜線における積雪の吹き溜まり機構に関する研究
科学研究費助成事業
1996 - 1996
白岩 孝行
山地稜線の風下傾斜面における積雪分布について、吹き溜まり機構に着目して調査を行った。現地調査を実施したのは、北海道札幌市郊外の無意根山東斜面、北海道大雪山ヒサゴ多年性雪渓、およびロシア共和国カムチャッカ半島のカレイタ氷河涵養域の3地点である。無意根山では1997年3月中旬、ヒサゴ雪渓では1996年8月末、カレイタ氷河では1996年7月末に積雪調査を実施した。調査方法は、3地点ともに積雪量の空間分布を求めるため、浅層掘削を実施し、積雪量と稜線からの距離との関係を求めた。ヒサゴ雪渓とカレイタ氷河においては積雪分布に融雪の影響が含まれているが、融雪の空間分布は稜線からの距離に依存しないため、求められた積雪量分布は冬季の積雪量の分布と同様であると判断した。無意根山の観測は融雪開始前に実施したので、冬季の積雪量を直接表す。
ヒサゴ雪渓においては、稜線付近では強風によって堆雪が起こらないが、稜線から約250m離れた地点から吹き溜まりによる堆雪が始まり、500m付近まで漸次増加した。500mを過ぎた地点より急速に吹き溜まりの影響が減ずることが判明した。カレイタ氷河では、稜線付近で最も堆雪量が多く、稜線から離れるにつれ積雪が減少した。減少の傾きは1次直線でよく回帰できた。これより、この地点では吹き溜まりの影響がほとんど生じていないと考えられる。無意根山東斜面では稜線から離れるに従い、直線的に積雪が増加し、顕著な吹き溜まりの影響が観察された。
今回の研究では事例を収集するにとどまったが、今後は風速・地形・吹き溜まり量に関して定量的な関係を求める予定である。
日本学術振興会, 奨励研究(A), 北海道大学, 08740370 - Studies on Fractionation of Chemical Constituents in Snowpack at the Time of Snowmelt and Formation of Ice Body in Snow Patch.
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
1994 - 1995
KODAMA Yuji; SEKO Katsumoto; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; NISHIMUA Kouichi; ISHII Yoshiyuki
Many snow patches have ice bdoy at the bottom. They are formed not only by the refreezing of percorated snowmelt water in the early spring, but also by the refreezing of meltwater stored over the ice body in late autumn. The chemical constituents in the firn and their amout are substantially affected by the snowmelt water.
There are two types of snow patches distinguished by its formation. One is a snow drift type and another is a avalanch accumulated type. The avalanch accumulated type rarely has ice body at teh bottom due to the large thichness, which prevents cold wave penetration and therefore refreezing of meltwater stored inside the snow patch.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B), HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY, 06452437 - THE OCCURRENCE AND PREVENTION OF DISASTERS UNDER THE HEAVY SNOWFALL.
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
1994 - 1995
AKITAYA Eizi; SHIRAIWA Takayuki; NARUSE Renji
The road conditions in winter changed to slippery by the using of studless tire and antifreezing chemicals. A new classification on snow and ice on road was made by the observations during 1994 and 1995 winters. The slippery road conditions were classified into the following types ; bright-compacted snow, bright-ice layr and bright-ice film and these dangerous conditions were appeared under the high air temperature ; about 0ﾟC of maximum daily air temperature. Another dangerous road, bumpy ice developed frequently on the heavy traffic volume and thick compacted snow during melt at daytime and re-freeze at night time.
The weak layrs causing a surface layr avalanche were investigated with field observations and 5 types of weak layr were confirmed at Hokkaido and Honshu. Two types of weak layr, depth hoar and surface hoar considered to be a main cause of big surface layr avalanches were investigated on the growing mechanism in the cold room and field in details. Lectures on avalanche mechanism and avalanche safety were carried out to mountain climbers and skiers.
There was a heavy snowfall in 1995-96 winter at Sapporo metropolitan area, especially 9th January 1996, all buses in Sapporo city stopped by the heavy snow storm. All traffic facilities, roads, railways and airports, were confused again and again, in this winter. The damaged traffic facilities and the expense for snow remove were the highest record in history of Sapporo. The new road traffic management system will need for the heavy snowfall and snow storms. The new system must be decided under the agreements with administrator, user and resident taking one's responsibilities.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C), HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY, 06680418 - Characteristics and Mechanism of Glacier Variations in Patagonia, Andes, Revealed by Satellite-data Analyzes.
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
1992 - 1994
NARUSE Renji; ANIYA Masamu
We collected a number of remote sensing data which cover the Southern Patagonia Icefield (SPI : 350 km long and 50 km wide) in the southern Andes. The data include Landsat MSS (1976), TM (1986), Spot (1987,1991), and aerial photographs taken in 1945, the late 1960s and 1970s. Analyzing the data, variations since 1945 of eight major outlet glaciers in the SPI were elucidated. During the last 41 years, most glaciers showed a general recession, namely 2.2km at Jorge Montt, 13.4 km at O'Higgins and 2.6 km at Upsala glaciers. On the other hand, Bruggen Glacier advanced 5.3 or 8.4 km in the same period. Thus, it was found that, in Patagonia, some glaciers have behaved in different manners and with different magnitudes of variations.
Also as a study of Geographical Information System, various features of glaciers were digitized, and inventories of 48 glaciers in the SPI were completed.
With a mass-balance model which includes the calving rate, simulations of glacier variations were made for Upsala and Moreno glaciers. The result shows that a 100 m rise in the equilibrium-line altitude due to climatic change would result in a 200-350 m rise in the frontal altitude at Upsala Glacier corresponding to a retreat of 5-8 km, while it would cause only a 70-100 m rise at Moreno Glacier. Also numerical experiments using a degree-day method were made for Soler Glacier. As a result, a 20% decrease in snow-fall would result in only a 50m rise in the frontal altitude, while a 1^OC increase would result in a 100 m rise in the equilibrium-line altitude. Further experiments with a dynamical model are planned to carry out.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B), Hokkaido University, 04452068 - 斜め航空写真を用いたヒマラヤの氷河変動の追跡
科学研究費助成事業
1993 - 1993
白岩 孝行
ネパールヒマラヤを代表する3つの地域(マルシャンディ川流域;ランタン地域;クンブ地域)について、1970年代と1990年代に撮影された斜め航空写真を収集し、同一の氷河について年代の異なる写真を比較することにより氷河の形態変化を調べた。1970年代の写真については名古屋大学大気水圏科学研究所所有のモノクロ画像を約250枚選択し、1990年代に撮影した約500枚のカラー画像とともに、イメージスキャナーを用いてコンピューターシステムに取り込み、光磁気ディスク上に保存してデータベースを作成した。
このデータベースを用いて各氷河の二期間(約20年)にわたる形態変化を調べたところ、以下のような知見が得られた。
1.標高6000〜5000m付近に位置する小型のクリーンタイブ氷河については、クンプ地域で顕著な後退傾向がみられた。
2.岩石に被覆された大型氷河については、マルシャンディ川流域のツランギ氷河、クンブ地域のトランバウ氷河、イムジャ氷河、ロウワ-バルン氷河などで末端部の後退およびこれに伴う末端部の氷河湖の拡大が生じていることが判明した。
3.小型氷河の形態変化については、変動のスケールが100m以下と小さいため、斜め空中写真による方法では、顕著な目じるしがあるなど好条件の場合を除き、検出が難しいという結論を得た。
以上の結果を総合すると、調査を行った地域では多くの氷河が後退傾向を示し、特に大型氷河では末端の後退に伴う氷河湖の拡大が進行するという興味深い事実が判明した。
日本学術振興会, 奨励研究(A), 北海道大学, 05780139
