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KIDA Hiroshi

Institute for Integrated Innovations Institute for Vaccine Research and DevelopmentSpecially Appointed Professor

Researcher basic information

■ Degree
  • 獣医学博士, 北海道大学
■ URL
researchmap URLホームページURL■ Various IDs
J-Global ID■ Research Keywords and Fields
Research Keyword
  • インフルエンザウイルス
  • ヘマグルチニン
  • ワクチン
  • ニュ-カッスル病ウイルス
  • 病原性
  • 渡り鴨
  • 予測
  • ブタ
  • シベリア
  • ヘルペスウイルス
  • 営巣地
  • オーエスキー病ウイルス
  • 糞便
  • カモ
  • H5N1
  • 香港
  • 新型ウイルス
  • インフルエンザ
  • ウイルスの存続
  • 渡りガモ
  • 血管内皮細胞
  • アジア
  • 新型インフルエンザウイルス
  • 渡り鳥
  • ニワトリ
  • 凍結湖沼水
  • ニューキャッスル病ウイルス
  • レセプター特異性
  • 疫学調査
  • 血管内血液凝固
Research Field
  • Life Science, Veterinary medical science
  • Life Science, Virology
  • Life Science, Laboratory animal science
  • Life Science, Experimental pathology

Career

■ Career
Career
  • Apr. 2017 - Present
    長崎大学 感染症共同研究拠点長
  • Apr. 2016 - Present
    Hokkaido University, Research Center for Zoonosis Control
  • Apr. 2016 - Present
    Hokkaido University, ユニバーシティプロフェッサー
  • Apr. 2012 - Present
    Hokkaido University, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, 統括
  • Apr. 2012 - Present
    Hokkaido University, 名誉教授
  • Dec. 2007 - Present
    日本学士院, 会員
  • Apr. 2012 - Mar. 2014
    北海道大学大学院・獣医学研究科, 特任教授
  • Apr. 2005 - Mar. 2012
    Hokkaido University, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, センター長
  • Apr. 1995 - Mar. 2012
    北海道大学 大学院・獣医学研究科, 教授
  • May 2001 - Apr. 2005
    Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, 獣医学部長
  • Jun. 1995 - Apr. 2001
    Hokkaido University, 評議員
  • Jan. 1989 - Mar. 1989
    ザンビア大学, 教授(JICA派遣専門家)
  • Jan. 1986 - Jan. 1987
    St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 客員教授(Karnofsky 賞招聘研究員)
  • Dec. 1980 - Nov. 1981
    St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 客員科学者
Educational Background
  • Apr. 1967 - Mar. 1968, 北海道大学大学院, 獣医学研究科, 予防治療学専攻
  • Mar. 1967, Hokkaido University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medicine
Committee Memberships
  • 2005 - Present
    OIE/食糧・農業機関(FAO) 鳥インフルエンザネットワーク(OFFLU)拠点メンバー, Society
  • 2005 - Present
    内閣府総合技術会議 科学技術連携施策群ワーキンググループ委員, Society
  • 2003 - Present
    国際獣疫機関(OIE) 高病原性鳥インフルエンザ ワールドレファレンスラボラトリー ダイレクター, Society
  • 2003 - Present
    食糧・農業・農村審議会 消費・安全分科会 家禽疾病小委員会委員長, Society
  • 2001 - Present
    世界保健機関(WHO)ヒト/動物間インフルエンザワーキンググループメンバー, Society
  • 2001 - Present
    大学設置審議会委員, Society
  • 1998 - Present
    世界保健機関(WHO)動物インフルエンザネットワーク拠点メンバー, Society
  • 2006 - 2007
    厚生科学審議会 感染症分科会新型インフルエンザワクチン開発専門委員, Society
  • 2003 - 2005
    厚生科学審議会 感染症分科会新型インフルエンザ検討専門委員, Society
  • 2001 - 2005
    獣医事審議会委員, Society
  • 1998 - 2001
    学術審議会ライフサイエンス分科会専門委員, Society

Research activity information

■ Awards
  • Dec. 2017, タマサート大学 名誉公衆衛生学博士号
    喜田 宏
  • Nov. 2017, 文化功労者
    喜田 宏
  • May 2017, 春の叙勲 瑞宝重光章
    喜田 宏
  • Oct. 2016, 北海道功労賞
    インフルエンザウイルスの生態解明とその疾病対策
    喜田 宏
  • Nov. 2011, All Japan Agriculture Decoration
    for Achievement of Control of Avian Influenza
    Hiroshi KIDA
  • Feb. 2009, Animal Science Prize
    Clarification of Ecology of Influenza Viruses and Establishment of Influenza VIrus Library and its Application to the Diagnosisand Prevention of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza
    喜田宏
  • Jun. 2005, The 95th Japan Academy Prize
    Studies for the Control of Influenza - Mechanism of Emergence of Pandemic Influenza VIrus Strains in Polutry, Domestic Animals and Humans, and Molecular Basis of the Neutralization of Viral Infectivity with Antibodies-
    喜田宏
  • Apr. 2005, The Japan Prize of Agricultural Science and the Yomiuri Agriculture Prize
    Ecology of Influenza Viruses
    喜田宏
  • Nov. 2004, The 58th Hokkaido Shimbun Cultural Prize
    Ecology of Influenza Viruses in Birds, Animals and Humans
    喜田宏
  • Mar. 2002, Hokkaido Science and Tachnology Award
    Studies on Mechanisms of Emergence of Pandemic Influenza A Viruses and their Control Measures
    喜田宏
  • Apr. 1982, The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science Award
    Studies on the Classification of Avian Paramyxoviruses
    喜田宏
■ Papers
■ Other Activities and Achievements
■ Books and other publications
■ Syllabus
  • 大学院共通授業科目(教育プログラム):社会と健康, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目
■ Affiliated academic society
  • THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR VACCINOLOGY
  • JAPAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
  • JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR BACTERIOLOGY
  • THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ANIMAL HYGIENE
  • THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF VETERINARY EPIDEMIOLOGY
  • JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
  • THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR VIROLOGY
■ Research Themes
  • Investigation of the mechanism of inducing the original antigenic sin phenomenon associated with influenza virus infection
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
    01 Apr. 2018 - 31 Mar. 2021
    SHINGAI Masashi
    Using a mouse model of influenza virus infection, we confirmed that the original antigenic sin does indeed occur. Repertoire analysis of immunoglobulins showed that the PR8-infected group had a higher diversity of repertoires than the non-infected group. This suggests that the infection induced a greater diversity of immunoglobulins. They also analyzed the CDRH3 region of immunoglobulins and found an amino acid sequence of CDRH3 that is specific to influenza viruses. We are now analyzing the differences in the CDRH3 sequence patterns of antibodies induced in control mice and the original antigenic sin mice by immunoglobulin repertoire analysis.
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hokkaido University, 18K07135
  • Development of a new influenza vaccine of global standard.
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
    09 Nov. 2015 - 31 Mar. 2018
    喜田 宏; MIFSUD EDIN
    「世界基準の季節性インフルエンザ不活化ウイルス全粒子ワクチンの開発」において、不活化ウイルス全粒子ワクチンが、現行のエーテルスプリットワクチン(HAワクチン)より、遥かに高い免疫をマウスおよびサルに誘導することが明らとなった。
    不活化季節性インフルエンザウイルス全粒子ワクチンのマウスおよびサルに対する免疫原性を現行のHAワクチンと比較、解析した。その結果、全粒子ワクチンは、スプリットワクチンの25から100倍以上の免疫力価を示すことが分かった。
    これらの研究成果に対して、国立研究開発法人日本医療研究開発機構(AMED)から、このワクチン開発に対して、非臨床試験ならびに臨床研究を進めるための研究費の支援が得られることとなった。
    尚、得られた成果の主な3点を以下に挙げる。
    1) マウスモデルとワクチン評価のプロトコールの確立 2) ワクチンが誘導する抗体応答を評価するためのプロトコールの確立 3)H1N1ウイルスワクチン(WPV とSVおよび対照としてPBS)をマウスに接種し、28日後に致死量(3,000 PFU)の A/California/07/09 (H1N1)株を攻撃接種して、その生死と体重変化を観察した結、WPVを接種したマウスのみが攻撃ウイルスの感染を防御して生残した。SVまたはPBSを接種したマウスは、臨床症状を呈し、体重減少が激しく、攻撃5日後までに全頭が安楽殺された。以上の試験成績から以下の結論を得た。
    WPVは、i) マウスに十分な免疫を誘導し、副反応を引き起こさなかった。 ii) SVより遥かに免疫原性が高い。 iii) CD8+T細胞応答を誘導する。iv) SVより遥かに高いウイルス感染性中和抗体を誘導する。 v) 致死量のウイルス攻撃からマウスを防御する免疫を賦与する。
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows, Hokkaido University, 15F15716
  • Development of measles virus vector-based vaccine against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
    01 Apr. 2014 - 31 Mar. 2017
    Fujiyuki Tomoko; KAI Chieko; YONEDA Misako; KOHARA Michinori; KIDA Hiroshi; HATTORI Shosaku
    We generated recombinant measles virus (rMV) expressing the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of HPAIV (H5), and examined protective efficacy of the candidate vaccine in the monkey infection model by the challenge with a HPAIV (H5N1). Cynomolgus monkeys inoculated with the candidate vaccine produced anti-H5 HA antibodies and recovered earlier from influenza symptoms than unvaccinated monkeys after the challenge with the HPAIV strain. In addition, vaccination tended to suppress viral shedding. Moreover, even in monkeys possessing pre-existing anti-MV antibodies, the vaccination with the candidate induced the production of antibodies against H5 HA. These results suggest that the rMV expressing H5 HA is a good candidate vaccine against HPAIV infection to reduce disease severity.
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B), The University of Tokyo, 26870147
  • 人獣共通感染症のワクチンおよび診断システムの開発
    2007 - 2009
    喜田 宏
    研究代表者らは、JSTイノベーションプラザ北海道の「重点地域研究開発推進プログラム(育成研究)」(平成18~20年)において、遺伝子再集合により作出したインフルエンザウイルスを用いてH5赤血球凝集素(HA)亜型プロトタイプワクチンを試製し、ニワトリ、マウスおよびサルを用いた感染モデル実験でH5N1高病原性鳥インフルエンザウイルスに対する安全性および感染防御効果を評価した。試製したワクチンは哺乳類および鳥類に対して病原性を示さず、発育鶏卵で効率良く増殖するものであった。また、このワクチンはウイルス中和抗体を誘導し、サルにH5N1インフルエンザウイルスに対する感染防御免疫を賦与した。一方、診断法を確立するために、インフルエンザウイルスNP蛋白質に対するモノクローン抗体をベースとしたインフルエンザウイルス迅速検出キット(実験室レベルでのプロトタイプ)を試作し、臨床分離ウイルスを用いた評価試験により良好な成績を得た。 本研究では、これらの開発資源を活用し、新型インフルエンザウイルス出現に備え、様々な亜型インフルエンザウイルスの出現に対応可能な新規ワクチンのプロトタイプ、および迅速・高感度新型インフルエンザ検査システムの開発を行い、実用化を目指した。
    科学技術振興機構, 産学が連携した研究開発成果の展開/研究成果展開事業/地域事業/地域イノベーション創出総合支援事業/研究開発資源活用型, 08000059
  • Establishment of novel preventive/therapeutic measures and demonstration of a mechanism of neural spread of pathogens in neurotropic zoonotic diseases
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(基盤研究(B))
    2007 - 2009
    Takashi UMEMURA; Chon-ho PARK; Hiroshi KIDA
    Specific antibodies detected in cerebrospinal fluid by intrathecal vaccination (vaccination by an inoculating antigen into subarachnoidal space) were produced de novo in the brain. Intrathecal vaccination completely prevented clinical signs and death of mice inoculated with rabies or pseudorabies viruses. Eighty percent of the mice intrathecally vaccinated and inoculated rabies virus directly into the brain survived, and this result suggested that the intrathecal vaccination was applicable for the treatment of rabid animals and humans. Our novel murine model of influenzal encephalopathy of ...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 19380171
  • インフルエンザウイルス感染の新規診断キット、予防薬、治療薬の実用化研究
    2005 - 2008
    喜田 宏
    本研究では、北海道大学の持つ世界で最も充実したインフルエンザウイルス株およびその遺伝子ライブラリーを活用し、H5亜型を含む多様なインフルエンザウイルスに対応するため、新規診断キット、予防薬、治療薬の実用化研究を実施した。タミフルとは異なる作用機序の治療薬として、?「抗インフルエンザウイルスヒト化抗体製剤の開発」および?「アポトーシス誘導制御薬の開発」、予防薬として?「H5亜型等インフルエンザウイルス感染に対するワクチン開発」、また、?で得られた抗体を応用して?「インフルエンザの新規診断キット開発」を実施した。
    科学技術振興機構, 産学が連携した研究開発成果の展開/研究成果展開事業/地域事業/地域イノベーション創出総合支援事業/育成研究, 07050823
  • Ecology and pandemic planning of animal influenza virus
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(基盤研究(S))
    2003 - 2006
    Hiroshi KIDA; 岡崎 克則; 河岡 義裕; 迫田 義博; 梅村 孝司; 伊藤 壽啓; 小笠原 一誠
    H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus has spread in poultry from Southeast Asia to the north, Europe, and Africa. We have been conducting global surveillance of avian influenza and the assessment of pathogenicity of the H5 virus isolates in birds and mammals. In 2006, 55 avirulent avian influenza viruses were isolated from fecal sample of water birds. Thus, avian influenza viruses of 133 combinations of HA and NA subtypes have been stocked for use in vaccine and diagnosis.It was revealed that the H5N1 isolates in Mongolia in 2006 were closely related to each other and classifi...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 基盤研究(S), 北海道大学, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding, 15108004
  • Studies on the mechanism of entry of the envelope virus and its inhibitor.
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(基盤研究(C))
    2004 - 2005
    Katsunori OKAZAKI; 喜田 宏
    Glycoprotein B (gB) is the most conserved glycoprotein of herpesviruses and plays important roles in virus infectivity. The glycoprotein of most herpesviruses, including psuedorabies virus (PrV), is cleaved by a cellular protease into two disulfide-linked subunits. In the present study, we demonstrated that the glycoprotein generated in human colon carcinoma Lo Vo cells, which lack the ubiquitous protease furin, remained the uncleaved form and that the virus replicated in Lo Vo cells without cell fusion. The uncleaved gB was converted into the subunits after furin digestion. The virus also ...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 基盤研究(C), 北海道大学->北海道医療大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 16580236
  • Ecological study of animal influenza viruses : To prepare for the emergence of pandemic influenza
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(基盤研究(A))
    2000 - 2002
    Hiroshi KIDA; 高田 礼人; 河岡 義裕; 岡崎 克則; 伊藤 壽啓; 迫田 義博
    To provide information on the precursor genes of the next pandemic influenza, epidemiological surveillance of animal and avian influenza viruses was performed. In total, 3,987 fecal samples of migratory waterfowls were collected in Russia, Mongolia, China and Holdcaido, Japan. From these samples, 212 influenza A viruses were isolated H1N2 swine influenza viruses were isolated from pigs with respiratory syndrome in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Twenty-five strains of H9N2 viruses were exchanged between 5 centers of global animal influenza network and stated analyzing these viruses.Genetic analys...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 基盤研究(A), 北海道大学, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding, 12375006
  • Molecular basis for highly pathogenesis of avian influenza virus in humans.
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(基盤研究(A))
    2000 - 2002
    Yoshihiro KAWAOKA; 堀本 泰介; 喜田 宏
    Influenza is an example of a disease for which the viral pathogen has emerged into the human population many times over past centuries, sometimes with devastating consequencesIn 1997, an H5N1 influenza A virus was transmitted from birds to humans in Hong Kong, killing 6 out of the 18 people infected. When mice were infected with human isolates, two virulence groups became apparent. Using reverse genetics, we showed that a mutation at position 627 in the PB2 protein influenced the outcome of infection in mice. Moreover, high cleavability of the hemagglutinin glycoprotein was essential requir...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 基盤研究(A), 東京大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 12307008
  • Origin and Mutations of Hong Kong New H5 Influenza Viruses
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(基盤研究(A))
    1999 - 2001
    Toshihiro ITO; 河岡 義裕; 堀本 泰介; 喜田 宏; 大槻 公一; 伊藤 啓史
    An H5N1 avian influenza A virus was transmitted to humans in Hong Kong in 1997. Although the virus causes systemic infection and is highly lethal in chickens because of the susceptibility of the hemagglutinin to furin and PC6 proteases, their virulence in mice revealed two distinct groups of viruses : group 1, for which the dose lethal for 50 % of mice (MLD_<50>) was between 0.3 and 11 PFU, and group 2, for which the MLD_<50> was more than 10^3 PFU. The failure of some H5N1 viruses to produce systemic infection in our model indicates that multiple, factors contribute to the severity of H5N1...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 基盤研究(A), 鳥取大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 11694210
  • Molecular mechanisms of infection and pathogenesis of viruses
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(国際学術研究, 基盤研究(A))
    1998 - 1999
    Hiroshi KIDA; 河岡 義裕; 伊藤 壽啓; 高田 礼人; 岡崎 克則
    Influenza A viruses of different subtypes were isolated from fecal samples of ducks in their nesting areas in Siberia. Phylogenetic analysis of the NP genes of the isolates in Siberia and those in Hokkaido, Japan on their flyway of migration from Siberia to the south in autumn revealed that they belong to the Eurasian lineage of avian influenza viruses. It is noted that the genes of the isolates in Siberia are closely related to those of H5N1 influenza virus strains isolated from chickens and humans in Hong Kong in 1997 as well as to those of isolates from domestic birds in southern China. ...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 国際学術研究, 基盤研究(A), 北海道大学, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding, 10041151
  • Preparation of peptide vaccines according to the cassette theory against newly emerged influenza virus
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(基盤研究(B))
    1998 - 1999
    Kazumasa OGASAWARA; 喜田 宏; 小野江 和則; 早瀬 ヨネ子
    1. According to the cassette theory, we prepared a synthetic peptide vaccine against H5 subtype influenza viruses. The peptide, however, could not induce neutralizing antibodies specific for H5 subtype influenza viruses in mice. This result suggests that all antibodies produced by immunizing with the peptides prepared according to the cassette theory could not recognize their original proteins. Thus, we are preparing a new peptide which can mimic the original protein. Namely, it contains a circular peptide formed with a disulfied bond and an I-AィイD1bィエD1 binding component (46F/54A).2. After...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学->滋賀医科大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 10557025
  • G蛋白欠失VSVを用いたウイルス表面糖蛋白の機能解析
    科学研究費補助金(萌芽的研究)
    1998 - 1999
    岡崎 克則; 高田 礼人; 喜田 宏
    ヘルペスウイルス主要糖蛋白の機能を明らかにするためウシヘルペスウイルス1(BHV1)の糖蛋白gBあるいはgCを発現する株化細胞を樹立し、これらにG蛋白遺伝子を欠失した水疱性口炎ウイルス(VSVdelG-G)を感染させて表現型混合ウイルスの回収を試みた。培養上清中に放出されたウイルス粒子をMDBK細胞に接種し、感染性を獲得したか否かをGFPの発現によって調べた。それぞれの糖蛋白を単独で導入した場合あるいはトランスフェクションによってgB、gC、gDの3種を導入した場合にもVSVdelG-Gは感染性を獲得しなかった。したがって、ヘルペスウイルスが宿主細胞に感染する際にはgB、gCおよびgD以外のウイルス蛋白を必要とすることが考えられる。ヘルペスウイルス表面糖蛋白のリセプター特異性を明らかにするため、BHV1gCおよびgBを単独で発現して各種グルコサミノグリカン分子との結合活性を調べた。両糖蛋白はヘパリン、ヘパラン硫酸およびコンドロイチン硫酸Bと結合した。ヘパリン、ヘパラン硫酸およびコンドロイチン硫酸Bはウロン酸としてイヅロン酸を含み、コンドロイチン硫酸AおよびCはグルクロン酸のみを含む。したがって、gCおよびgBは[イヅロン酸-硫酸化アミノ糖]の繰り返し構造を認識するものと考えられる。また、ヘパリンおよびヘパラン硫酸のアミノ糖はグルコサミンであるのに対し、コンドロイチン硫酸群のそ...
    文部科学省, 萌芽的研究, 北海道大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 10877051
  • Molecular mechanisms of infection and pathogenesis of viruses
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(基盤研究(A))
    1996 - 1998
    Hiroshi KIDA; 中里 幸和; 板倉 智敏; 伊藤 壽啓; 岡崎 克則; 前出 吉光; 藤田 正一; 高田 礼人; 梅村 孝司; 中里 幸和
    Intravenous injection into chickens with the virus-free extracts from the allantoic membrane of chicken embryos infected with influenza viruses resulted in sudden death due to blood coagulation in the vessels. The chickens injected intravenously with heparin prior to the injection with the extract survived without any signs of disease. The results suggest that some coagulation factors exist in the tissues where virus replicated and that they showed toxiciry to the chickens.To provide information on the pathogenically of fowl plague virus, virological and histopathological comparison was car...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 基盤研究(A), 北海道大学, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding, 08406020
  • Studies on the T-cell epitopes of herpesviruses
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(基盤研究(B))
    1996 - 1997
    Katsunori OKAZAKI; 喜田 宏; 高田 礼人
    An escape mutant of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) was obtained in the presence of monoclonal antibody against glycoprotein B (gB) , which required complement for virus neutralization. The mutant was also resistant to other 3 monoclonal antibodies against gB,which exhibited complement-independent neutralizing activity. Amino acid substitution of gB of the mutant is now being analyzed. The cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes from BHV1-infected cattle is also being investigated using the mutant-infected primary culture as a target to study whether the amino acid substitution affec...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 08456144
  • Prediction of new pandemic influenza viruses -Distribution of the viruses in waterfowls in their nesting places in Siberia
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(国際学術研究)
    1995 - 1997
    Hiroshi KIDA; 伊藤 壽啓; 河岡 義裕; 岡崎 克則; デメネフ V; ヤムニコバ S; ルボフ D.K; Svetrana Yam; 高田 礼人; Yamnikova Sv
    In each summer of 1995-1997,3,000 fecal materials of waterfowls and lake-water samples were collected in Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, and Saha Republic. In 1996, out of 900 fecal samples collected in Kobyaysky area of the basin of the River Lena, 60゚30'N,19 H4N6,1 H4N9,1 H11N1,2 H11N6, and 8 H11N9 influenza viruses were isolated. Although no virus was isolated from the samples collected in "40 islands" area of the River Lena (65゚00'-64゚34'N) , 1 H4N6 and 5 H3N8 viruses were isolated from 120 samples collected in Kobyaysky area and 72 samples in Yakutsk (62゚05'N) , respectively, in 1997. No influe...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 国際学術研究, 北海道大学, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding, 07041118
  • トリから哺乳動物へのインフルエンザウイルス伝播の機構
    科学研究費補助金(基盤研究(C))
    1996 - 1996
    伊藤 寿啓; 喜田 宏
    インフルエンザウイルス(IFV)は哺乳動物や鳥類に広く感染する。すべてのIFVは野生水禽のウイルスに由来すると考えられている。しかし、ウイルスが異なる動物種間を伝播する機序が解明されていない.IFVはHA蛋白を介して細胞表面のシアル酸を末端にもつ糖鎖レセプターに結合して感染する。そこで、本研究ではIFVのレセプター特異性と宿主域との関連を解析し、さらに感染実験によってその異動物種間伝播のメカニズムを解明することを目的とした。宿主の細胞表面上にあるレセプターの種類をレクチンを用いて解析した結果、馬、鯨、アザラシの呼吸器にはシアル酸がガラクトースにα2-3結合している糖鎖(α2-3)のみが存在し、豚、フェレットにはα2-3およびα2-6の両者が存在することが判明した。これらの成績はα2-3親和性の鳥IFVが馬に直接伝播可能であるという疫学的知見を裏づける。また、鯨およびアザラシのウイルスが鳥由来ウイルスであるという遺伝子解析結果をも支持する。一方、豚やフェレットでは、α2-6親和性の人ウイルスもα2-3親和性の鳥ウイルスも共に増殖するという以前の感染実験の成績に一致する。一方、人ウイルスから選択された、α2-3親和性変異株のHAのみを有し、他の遺伝子は全て馬のウイルス由来のハイブリッドウイルスを作出した。このウイルスのHAは226番目のアミノ酸がLeuから鳥ウイルスと同じGluに...
    文部科学省, 基盤研究(C), 鳥取大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 08660355
  • Enhancement of non-specific antiviral immunity induced by mucosal administration of immunoadijivant in infant animal
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(一般研究(B), 基盤研究(B))
    1994 - 1996
    Jiro ARIKAWA; 橋本 信夫; 谷口 孝喜; 喜田 宏; 東 市郎; 苅和 宏明
    1. Animal models for studying respiratory infection, enteric infection and systemic infections were established by using mice and Sendai virus, rotavirus and hantavirus, respectively.2. MDP-Lys (L18) was selected as a immunoadjuvant and examined its effect on the enhancement of protection from infection after its administration by oral, intranasal, intrarectal and subcutaneous routes.3. Fatal Sendai virus infection was significantly reduced by administration of MDP-Lys (L18) through intranasal, ora and even intra rectal route.4. Rota virus diarrhea was significantly reduced by administratio...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 一般研究(B), 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 06454716
  • STUDY ON RECEPTOR SPECIFICITY OF ANIMAL INFLUENZA VIRUSES
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(一般研究(C))
    1994 - 1995
    Toshihiro ITO; 喜田 宏
    The receptor specificity of the HA differs amongsinfluenza viruses : most avian influenza viruses preferentially bind the sialic acid-alpha-2,3-galactose (SAalpha2-3Gal) linkage, while human influenza viruses preferentially bind the SAalpha2,6Gal linkage on cell surface sialyloligosaccharides. To understand the molecular basis of host range restriction, we examined the distribution of sialyloligosaccharides at the replication site of influenza virus in nonhuman animals. Using linkage-specific lectins, we found that epitherial cells lining duck intestine and horse trachea contain SAalpha2,3G...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 一般研究(C), 北海道大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 06660368
  • A new approach for the control of Aujeszky's disease by using germ-line transformation
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(試験研究(A))
    1993 - 1995
    清水 悠紀臣; Hiroshi KIDA; 大塚 治城; 喜田 宏; 関川 賢二; 見上 彪; 小野 悦郎; 岡部 達二; 笠井 憲雪
    Intracellular immunization using dominant-negative mutants of viral proteins is prorposed as a new approach to antiviral therapy in humans and to germ-line transformation in animals to confer resistance to viral infections. To obtain effective repressors of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) immediate-early (IE) gene expression, mutant genes encoding dominant-negative mutants of ADV IE protein (IE180) and early protein 0 (EPO), and a chimeric gene encoding a fusion protein consisting of the DNA-binding domain of IE180 and a tail-trucated herpes simplex virus 1 VP16 lacking the transcription act...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 試験研究(A), 北海道大学, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding, 05506002
  • 中国の兎の出血病の病因並びに病態-特に韓国の例との比較研究
    科学研究費補助金(国際学術研究)
    1994 - 1994
    板倉 智敏; 余 鋭萍; 落合 謙爾; 喜田 宏
    兎の出血病(RHD)は,1984年中国で初めて発生し,以後韓国をはじめ多くの養兎を行っている国々に発生した。我々は,1989年から韓国で発生したRHDに関する研究を行い,多くの成果をあげた。この成果には以下の点が含まれる。RHDの原因ウイルスはカルシウイルスで,肝細胞に親和性が強い。この原因ウイルスは毒力が強く,成兎に接種すれば25〜90時間で兎を殺す。2ヶ月令以内の子兎にはRHDウイルスは感受性を示さない。病変の特徴は壊死性肝炎で、免疫染色を行うと肝細胞の細胞質に多量の抗原が証明できる。以上の成果を踏まえて,本研究では中国で発生したRHDの形態学的特徴と,中国の発生例から分離したRHDウイルスの性状についての比較研究を実施した。まず,中国で発生するRHDの臨床ならびに疫学について調査した。RHDは発生し始めた1985〜1990年頃までは発生率を高く,被害も大きかったが,近年では顕著な流行病的発生は少なくなった。これはRHDに対して自然免疫が成立しているものと推察される。しかし,基本的な発生傾向は未だに認められる。すなわち,3ヶ月令以上兎が感染すると90〜100%致死し,2〜3ヶ月令での罹患兎は80%致死し,1〜2ヶ月令の兎の致死率は50%程度である。中国では,毛生産用と肉用を目的として兎が飼育されているが,両者共RHDに罹患する。特にアンゴラ兎が感受性が高いようであった。感...
    文部科学省, 国際学術研究, 北海道大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 06044007
  • Origin and Evolution of Influenza Viruses
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(国際学術研究)
    1993 - 1994
    Hiroshi KIDA; R.G.Webster; 河岡 義裕; 岡崎 克則; 伊藤 寿啓; Webster R.G
    To provide information how influenza A viruses are maintained among waterfowl reservoirs at their nesting areas in the northern territory and on the mechanism of perpetuation of the viruses in nature, virological surveillance of avian influenza was continued in Alaska during their breeding season in summer from 1993 to 1994. Phylogenetic analyzes of the genes of the isolates were then carried out.Influenza viruses were isolated mainly from fecal samples of dabbling ducks in their nesting places in central Alaska. From 541 fecal samples of ducks, 33 influenza viruses and 15 paramyxoviruses w...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 国際学術研究, 北海道大学, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding, 05044117
  • Molecular biological comparison of lntiviriruses isolated from animals.
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(総合研究(A))
    1992 - 1993
    Takeshi MIKAMI; 喜田 宏; 生田 和良; 小沼 操; 速水 正憲; 長谷川 篤彦
    The purpose of the present studies is to compare the molecular biological nature of lentiviruese isolated from various animals. In these studies, we tried to find the genetic properities commonly observed among lentiviruese and the mechanisms for expression of pathogenesis of the viruses in vivo at a molecular level. We report here about feline immunodeficiency virus as a representative.1) When compared the nucleotide sequences of LTR of FIV isolated from Japan, Australia and U.S., Japanese isolates were considerable genetic devergence from both Australian and U.S.idolates. These results sh...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 総合研究(A), 東京大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 04304025
  • Characters, replication patterns and pathogenicity of a calicivirus isolated from rabbits
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(一般研究(B))
    1992 - 1993
    Chitoshi ITAKURA; 御領 政信; 落合 謙爾; 喜田 宏
    A rabbit hemorrhageic disease (RHD) virus was isolated from Korean rabbits. The purified virus particles were 35 to 40 nm in diameter and had hollow depressions on their surface. The structural protein of the virus was composed of a single major polypeptide of 63 kDa.This virus had the high virulence and caused acute deaths in rabbits. Histopathological lesions caused by RHD virus were acute necrotizing hepatitis consisting of focal or solitary necrosis of hepatocytes.Immunohistochemically, RHD virus antigens were detected in degenrated and necrotic hepatocytes in formalin fixed tissues fro...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 一般研究(B), 北海道大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 04454112
  • Evolution and Prediction of Influenza Viruses
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(国際学術研究)
    1991 - 1992
    Hiroshi KIDA; 河岡 義裕; 岡崎 克則; 伊藤 寿啓; 小野 悦郎; 清水 悠紀臣
    On the basis of the results of epidemiological studies of influenza in birds, animals, and humans, we have proposed the route of introduction of the hemagglutinin(HA) gene of the A/Hong Kong/68(H3N2) strain, i.e., from a H3influenza virus circulating in migratory ducks to domestic ducks in Southern China, then to pigs where genetic reassortment occurred with the H2N2 Asian influenza virus to produce the new pandemic strain, A/Hong Kong/68(H3N2).To provide information on the distribution of influenza A viruses in waterfowls at their nesting points in the northern territory, virological surve...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 国際学術研究, 北海道大学, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding, 03041013
  • MOLECULAR BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF TRANSGENIC FARM ANIMALS RESISTANT TO VIRAL INFECTION
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(一般研究(A))
    1989 - 1992
    Shigeo NAMIOKA; 林 正信; 笠井 憲雪; 田口 文広; 喜田 宏; 橋本 信夫
    It has been shown that antisense RNAs and oligonucleotides against viral genes can be used as tools for inhibiting viral gene expression and viral replication in vitro. These results gave rise to the concept of unnatural intracellular antiviral immunity driven by specific antisense RNA. Recently, we reported that in the transfected DBT cell lines which expressed antisense RNA against the nucleocapsid (N) protein gene of mouse hepatitis virus(MHV), viral transcription and multiplication were inhibited. In order to provide further information concerning the ability of antisense RNA to inhibit...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 一般研究(A), 北海道大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 01440017
  • Studies of the ecology and pathogenicity of Newcastle disease virus.
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(総合研究(A))
    1990 - 1991
    Takeshi MIKAMI; 小沼 操; 松浦 善治; 川喜田 正夫; 喜田 宏; 永井 美之; 児玉 洋
    The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the ecology and pathogenicity of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) proteins of NDV were known to play key roles in the course of NDV infection. We examined biological and immunological properties of the expressed HN or F protein after inserting these genes into vaccinia virus (VN), fowlpox virus (FPV) or baculovius (BV). The following results were obtained.1) The role of immune responses to HN protein in protection against NDV infection was investigated using a recombinant vaccinia virus (rVV-HN...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 総合研究(A), 東京大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 02304030
  • Analysis of tertiary structure and function of the glycoproteins of Newcastle disease virus
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(一般研究(A))
    1990 - 1991
    Yukio SHIMIZU; 小野 悦郎; 首藤 文栄; 桑原 幹典; 喜田 宏; 伊藤 寿啓
    Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates from domestic and feral birds were antigenically analyzed and their virulence for chicken embryos was determined. The results indicate that virulent strains are still prevailing in domestic fowl populations including those in Japan, that heterogeneous NDV strains of different antigenicity and virulence are maintained by water fowls and cocirculating in nature, and that virulent NDV strains antigenically different from vaccine strains may be introduced into domestic fowls from migratory birds.In order to provide information on the factors responsible fo...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 一般研究(A), 北海道大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 02404019
  • Prediction and Control of New Pandemic Influenza Viruses
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(一般研究(B))
    1989 - 1990
    Hiroshi KIDA
    The H3 hemagglutinins (HA) of influenza virus isolates from domestic ducks in southern China were analyzed antigenically and genetically. The results provided molecular evidence of a role of these birds to introduce avian H3 influenza viruses to pigs as "mixing vessels" where A/Hong Kong/68 (H3N2) strain was produced.Experimental infection of pigs with H1-13 influenza A virus strains isolated from different host species provided the follwing informations ;The cells lining the upper respiratory tract of pig were susceptible not only to the HA of H3 influenza viruses of porcine and human orig...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 一般研究(B), 北海道大学, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding, 01480103
  • Basic Research on the Development of Recombinant Vaccines for Animals by Genetic Engineering
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(一般研究(A))
    1987 - 1990
    佐藤 文昭; 斉藤 文昭; Fumiaki SATO; 見上 彪; 久保 周一郎; 遠藤 大二; 林 正信; 桑原 幹典; 喜田 宏; 児玉 洋; 小沼 操; 見上 彪
    The aim of this research project is to get basic data to develop recombinant vaccines for veterinarians. Recombinant vaccines consisted of two components, vector virus and antigen genes. In this study, we used two viruses which can be used for vector of recombinant vaccines. One is herpesvirus of turkeys which is used as a vaccine of Marek's disease virus and the other is fowl pox virus. We decided thymidine kinase gene as a marker for genetic recombination between the vector virus gnome and antigen gene. And hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene of Newcastle disease virus was cloned into thymid...
    Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 一般研究(A), 北海道大学, Coinvestigator not use grants, Competitive research funding, 62440019
  • A型インフルエンザウイルスの感染性の抗体による中和の機序に関する研究
    科学研究費助成事業
    1983 - 1984
    喜田 宏
    日本学術振興会, 一般研究(B), 北海道大学, 58480077
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