Hokkaido University

博士（情報学）, 京都大学

運動学習

社会的認知

認知心理学

認知神経科学

fMRI

MEG

身体像

運動制御

Humanities & Social Sciences, Experimental psychology

Life Science, Neuroscience-general

Humanities & Social Sciences, Cognitive science

Bachelor's degree program, School of Humanities and Human Sciences

Master's degree program, Graduate School of Humanities and Human Sciences

Doctoral (PhD) degree program, Graduate School of Humanities and Human Sciences

Sep. 2023, 日本神経回路学会, 優秀研究賞

Jul. 2023, 優秀発表賞, 日本認知心理学会

Feb. 2017, 計測自動制御学会システムインテグレーション部門講演会, 優秀講演賞

Oct. 2016, 北海道心理学会, 奨励賞

Mar. 2014, 国際電気通信基礎技術研究所, 研究開発奨励賞

May 2010, 日本認知心理学会, 優秀発表賞

Common neural representation between visual perception and imagery in eidetikers
Ritsuko Nabata; Mitsuki Niida; Kosaku Takahashi; Kenji Ogawa
19 Feb. 2026

The common neural representation in the primary motor area between motor execution and kinesthetic motor imagery
Fumihito Imai; Jun Shinozaki; Hidekazu Saito; Hiroshi Nagahama; Yuuki Sakurai; Kenji Ogawa
bioRxiv, 17 Jul. 2025

Human Sensorimotor Cortex Reactivates Recent Visuomotor Experience during Awake Rest
Kenji Ogawa; Yuxiang Yang; Huixiang Yang; Fumihito Imai; Hiroshi Imamizu
eneuro, Apr. 2025, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal

Attentional bias towards smartphone stimuli is associated with decreased interoceptive awareness and increased physiological reactivity.
Yusuke Haruki; Katsunori Miyahara; Kenji Ogawa; Keisuke Suzuki
Communications psychology, 3, 1, 42, 42, 17 Mar. 2025, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Excessive smartphone use has been linked to negative psychological outcomes and may also be associated with cognitive impairments and disruptions in mind-body interaction, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated attentional bias towards marginal smartphone stimuli and its relationship with interoceptive awareness and physiological cue reactivity in healthy young adults. Fifty-eight participants completed a letter detection task with varying perceptual loads, during which task-irrelevant smartphone-related or scrambled images were presented in the background. Cardiac responses were recorded to assess physiological reactivity. Participants also completed two questionnaires for interoceptive awareness and self-report smartphone addiction. Using a designed and automated clustering based on behavioural responses, participants were classified into two groups: one group exhibited distraction from smartphone background only under low perceptual load, while the other showed consistent attentional bias regardless of load. Notably, the latter group reported significantly lower interoceptive awareness and higher smartphone addiction scores. Additionally, they exhibited heart rate acceleration in response to smartphone stimuli, indicating heightened arousal, whereas the former group showed heart rate deceleration. These findings demonstrate that consistent attentional bias towards smartphone stimuli is associated with reduced interoceptive awareness, specifically a decreased tendency to notice and trust internal bodily sensations, and increased physiological reactivity.

Can online interactions reduce loneliness in young adults during university closures in Japan? The directed acyclic graphs approach
Kohei Kambara; Akihiro Toya; Sumin Lee; Haruka Shimizu; Kazuaki Abe; Jun Shigematsu; Qingyuan Zhang; Natsuki Abe; Ryo Hayase; Nobuhito Abe; Ryusuke Nakai; Shuntaro Aoki; Kohei Asano; Ryosuke Asano; Makoto Fujimura; Ken'ichiro Fukui; Yoshihiro Fukumoto; Kaichiro Furutani; Koji Hasegawa; Hirofumi Hashimoto; Mikoto Hashimoto; Hiroki Hosogoshi; Hiroshi Ikeda; Toshiyuki Ishioka; Chiharu Ito; Suguru Iwano; Masafumi Kamada; Yoshihiro Kanai; Tomonori Karita; Yu Kasagi; Emiko S. Kashima; Juri Kato; Yousuke Kawachi; Jun-ichiro Kawahara; Masanori Kimura; Yugo Kira; Yuko Kiyonaga (Sakoda); Hiroshi Kohguchi; Asuka Komiya; Keita Masui; Akira Midorikawa; Nobuhiro Mifune; Akimine Mizukoshi; Kengo Nawata; Takashi Nishimura; Daisuke Nogiwa; Kenji Ogawa; Junko Okada; Aki Okamoto; Reiko Okamoto; Kyoko Sasaki; Kosuke Sato; Hiroshi Shimizu; Atsushi Sugimura; Yoko Sugitani; Hitomi Sugiura; Kyoko Sumioka; Bumpei Sunaguchi; Masataka Takebe; Hiroki C. Tanabe; Ayumi Tanaka; Masanori Tanaka; Junichi Taniguchi; Namiji Tokunaga; Ryozo Tomita; Yumiko Ueda; Tomomi Yamashita; Kazuho Yamaura; Masao Yogo; Kenji Yokotani; Ayano Yoshida; Hiroaki Yoshida; Katsue Yoshihara; Ayumi Yoshikawa; Kuniaki Yanagisawa; Ken'ichiro Nakashima
ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 28, 1, Mar. 2025, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

No gender difference in cardiac interoceptive accuracy: Potential psychophysiological contributors in heartbeat counting task
Yusuke Haruki; Kei Kaneko; Kenji Ogawa
BMC Psychology, 13, 1, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 28 Feb. 2025, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal

Real-time fMRI neurofeedback boosts heartbeat perception by modulating insula activation pattern during interoceptive attention.
Yusuke Haruki; Yuxiang Yang; Keisuke Suzuki; Hiroshi Imamizu; Kenji Ogawa
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.), 3, 2025, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Real-time fMRI neurofeedback (NF) has emerged as a promising method for enabling individuals to modulate specific brain regions and, consequently, their behavioural outcomes. This study examined whether the NF targeting the right insula could improve heartbeat perception ability and influence emotional response to negatively valenced stimuli, by training participants to modulate the brain activation associated with interoceptive (heartbeat-focused) and exteroceptive (visual-focused) attention. Fifty-four participants underwent a single ~40-minute NF session with contingent (NF group, n = 28) or non-contingent (Sham group, n = 26) feedback, with heartbeat perception and emotional appraisal assessed pre- and post-training. The NF group demonstrated significant improvements in heartbeat perception, with individual learning effects in neuromodulation predicting the behavioural gains. However, group-level NF scores did not differ significantly, likely reflecting variability in learnability. Despite improvements in heartbeat perception, NF training did not modulate emotional responses at either the behavioural or neural level, suggesting that targeting the insula alone is insufficient to alter affective processing within a single session. These findings provide evidence that NF can enhance heartbeat perception through targeted neuromodulation in the insular cortex.

Role of the left inferior frontal gyrus in transforming format types of action descriptions between stimuli and representations
Hiroshi Shibata; Kenji Ogawa
Journal of Neurolinguistics, 71, 101191, 101191, Elsevier BV, Aug. 2024, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal

Disrupted interoceptive awareness by auditory distractor: Difficulty inferring the internal bodily states?
Yusuke Haruki; Kenji Ogawa
Neuroscience Research, Elsevier BV, Nov. 2023, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal

Revisiting the relationship between illusory hand ownership induced by visuotactile synchrony and cardiac interoceptive accuracy.
Toyoki Yamagata; Kaito Ichikawa; Shogo Mizutori; Yusuke Haruki; Kenji Ogawa
Scientific reports, 13, 1, 17132, 17132, 10 Oct. 2023, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Multisensory integration plays an important role in the experience of the bodily self. Recently, the relationship between exteroception and interoception has been actively debated. The first evidence was a report that the susceptibility of the sense of ownership over a fake hand (i.e., illusory hand ownership: IHO) in the typical rubber hand illusion is negatively modulated by the accuracy of the heartbeat perception (i.e., cardiac interoceptive accuracy: CIA). If reliable, this would suggest an antagonism between the exteroceptive and interoceptive cues underlying the bodily self. However, some inconsistent data have been reported, raising questions about the robustness of the initial evidence. To investigate this robustness, we estimated the extent of the modulatory effect of CIA on IHO susceptibility by applying Bayesian hierarchical modeling to two independent datasets. Overall, our results did not support that IHO susceptibility is modulated by CIA. The present estimates with high uncertainty cannot exclude the hypothesis that the relationship between IHO susceptibility and CIA is so weak as to be negligible. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to reach a conclusion about the extent of the modulatory effect. These findings highlight the lack of robustness of key evidence supporting the "antagonism hypothesis".

Neural substrates of top-down processing during perceptual duration-based timing and beat-based timing.
Mitsuki Niida; Yusuke Haruki; Fumihito Imai; Kenji Ogawa
Experimental brain research, 241, 8, 2133, 2143, Aug. 2023, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Temporal context is a crucial factor in timing. Previous studies have revealed that the timing of regular stimuli, such as isochronous beats or rhythmic sequences (termed beat-based timing), activated the basal ganglia, whereas the timing of single intervals or irregular stimuli (termed duration-based timing) activated the cerebellum. We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment to determine whether top-down processing of perceptual duration-based and beat-based timings affected brain activation patterns. Our participants listened to auditory sequences containing both single intervals and isochronous beats and judged either the duration of the intervals or the tempo of the beats. Whole-brain analysis revealed that both duration judgments and tempo judgments activated similar areas, including the basal ganglia and cerebellum, with no significant difference in the activated regions between the two conditions. In addition, an analysis of the regions of interest revealed no significant differences between the activation levels measured for the two tasks in the basal ganglia as well as the cerebellum. These results suggested that a set of common brain areas were involved in top-down processing of both duration judgments and tempo judgments. Our findings indicate that perceptual duration-based timing and beat-based timing are driven by stimulus regularity irrespective of top-down processing.

Heterogeneity of social cognition between visual perspective-taking and theory of mind in the temporo-parietal junction.
Kenji Ogawa; Yuiko Matsuyama
Neuroscience letters, 807, 137267, 137267, 11 Jun. 2023, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Visual perspective taking (VPT), particularly level 2 VPT (VPT2), which allows an individual to understand that the same object can be seen differently by others, is related to the theory of mind (ToM), because both functions require a decoupled representation from oneself. Although previous neuroimaging studies have shown that VPT2 and ToM activate the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), it is unclear whether common neural substrates are involved in both functions. To clarify this point, we directly compared the TPJ activation patterns of individual participants performing VPT2 and ToM tasks using functional magnetic resonance imaging and within-subjects design. A whole-brain analysis revealed that VPT2 and ToM activated overlapping areas in the posterior part of the TPJ. In addition, we found that both the peak coordinates and activated regions for ToM were located significantly more anteriorly and dorsally within the bilateral TPJ than those measured during the VPT2 task. We further confirmed that these activated areas were spatially distinct from the nearby extrastriate body area (EBA), visual motion area (MT+), and the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) using independent localizer scans. Our findings revealed that VPT2 and ToM have gradient representations, indicating the functional heterogeneity of social cognition within the TPJ.

Supramodal representation of the sense of body ownership in the human parieto-premotor and extrastriate cortices
Yusuke Sonobe; Toyoki Yamagata; Huixiang Yang; Yusuke Haruki; Kenji Ogawa
eneuro, ENEURO.0332, 22.2023, Society for Neuroscience, 19 Jan. 2023, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal, The sense of body ownership, defined as the sensation that one’s body belongs to oneself, is a fundamental component of bodily self-consciousness. Several studies have shown the importance of multisensory integration for the emergence of the sense of body ownership, together with the involvement of the parieto-premotor and extrastriate cortices in bodily awareness. However, whether the sense of body ownership elicited by different sources of signal, especially visuotactile and visuomotor inputs, is represented by common neural patterns remains to be elucidated. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the existence of neural correlates of the sense of body ownership independent of the sensory modalities. Participants received tactile stimulation or executed finger movements while given synchronous and asynchronous visual feedback of their hand. We used multi-voxel patterns analysis (MVPA) to decode the synchronous and asynchronous conditions with cross-classification between two modalities: the classifier was first trained in the visuotactile sessions and then tested in the visuomotor sessions and vice versa. Regions of interest-based and searchlight analyses revealed significant above-chance cross-classification accuracies in the bilateral intraparietal sulcus (IPS), the bilateral ventral premotor cortex (PMv), and the left extrastriate body area (EBA). Moreover, we observed a significant positive correlation between the cross-classification accuracy in the left PMv and the difference in subjective ratings of the sense of body ownership between the synchronous and asynchronous conditions. Our findings revealed the neural representations of the sense of body ownership in the IPS, PMv, and EBA that is invariant to the sensory modalities.

Significance Statement

Previous studies have shown neural correlates of the sense of body ownership in parieto-premotor and extrastriate cortices. However, whether the sense of body ownership induced by different sensory inputs is represented in common neural patterns remains unelucidated. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA), we investigated neural representations of the sense of body ownership invariant to modalities. Decoding neural patterns for visuotactile and visuomotor modalities revealed successful cross-classification accuracies in intraparietal sulcus (IPS), ventral premotor cortex (PMv), and extrastriate body area (EBA). Furthermore, cross-classification accuracy in PMv was positively correlated with subjective ratings of the sense of body ownership. These findings demonstrate that supramodal representations in parieto-premotor and extrastriate cortices underlie the sense of body ownership.

Distinct neural representations of hand movement direction between motor imagery and execution in the presupplementary motor area.
Yuxiang Yang; Huixiang Yang; Fumihito Imai; Kenji Ogawa
Neuroscience research, 11 Jan. 2023, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Motor simulation theory proposes a functional equivalence between motor execution (ME) and its simulation, suggesting that motor imagery (MI) is the self-intentioned simulation of one's actions. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with multivoxel pattern analysis to test whether the direction of hand movement is represented with a similar neural code between ME and MI. In our study, participants used their right hand to move an on-screen cursor in the left-right direction with a joystick or imagined the same movement without execution. The results indicated that the left-right direction as well as their modality (ME or MI) could be decoded significantly above the chance level in the presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and primary visual cortex (V1). Next, we used activation patterns of ME as inputs to the decoder to predict hand move directions in MI sessions and found a significantly higher-than-chance accuracy only in V1, not in pre-SMA. Moreover, the representational similarity analysis showed similar activation patterns for the same directions between ME and MI in V1 but not in pre-SMA. This study's finding indicates distinct spatial activation patterns for movement directions between ME and MI in pre-SMA.

Cardiac and Gastric Interoceptive Awareness Have Distinct Neural Substrates
Yusuke Haruki; Kenji Ogawa
eneuro, 10, 1, ENEURO.0157, 22.2023, Society for Neuroscience, Jan. 2023, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal, Abstract

Interoceptive awareness, an awareness of the internal body state, guides adaptive behavior by providing ongoing information on body signals, such as heart rate and energy status. However, it is still unclear how interoceptive awareness of different body organs are represented in the human brain. Hence, we directly compared the neural activations accompanying attention to cardiac (related to heartbeat) and gastric (related to stomach) sensations, which generate cardiac and gastric interoceptive awareness, in the same population (healthy humans,N = 31). Participants were asked to direct their attention toward heart and stomach sensations and become aware of them in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. The results indicated that the neural activations underlying gastric attention encompassed larger brain regions, including the occipitotemporal visual cortices, bilateral primary motor cortices, primary somatosensory cortex, left orbitofrontal cortex, and hippocampal regions. Cardiac attention, however, selectively activated the right anterior insula extending to the frontal operculum compared with gastric attention. Moreover, our detailed analyses focusing on the insula, the most relevant region for interoceptive awareness, revealed that the left dorsal middle insula encoded cardiac and gastric attention via different activation patterns, but the posterior insula did not. Our results demonstrate that cardiac and gastric attention evoke different brain activation patterns; in particular, the selective activation may reflect differences in the functional roles of cardiac and gastric interoceptive awareness.

Decoding of Motor Imagery Involving Whole-body Coordination.
Huixiang Yang; Kenji Ogawa
Neuroscience, 501, 131, 142, 08 Aug. 2022, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, The present study investigated whether different types of motor imageries can be classified based on the location of the activation peaks or the multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and compared the difference between visual motor imagery (VI) and kinesthetic motor imagery (KI). During fMRI scanning sessions, 25 participants imagined four movements included in the Motor Imagery Questionnaire-Revised (MIQ-R): knee lift, jump, arm movement, and waist bend. These four imagined movements were then classified based on the peak location or the patterns of fMRI signal values. We divided the participants into two groups based on whether they found it easier to generate VI (VI group, n = 10) or KI (KI group, n = 15). Our results show that the imagined movements can be classified using both the location of the activation peak and the spatial activation patterns within the sensorimotor cortex, and MVPA performs better than the activation peak classification. Furthermore, our result reveals that the KI group achieved a higher MVPA decoding accuracy within the left primary somatosensory cortex than the VI group, suggesting that the modality of motor imagery differently affects the classification performance in distinct brain regions.

Neuroimaging Examination of Driving Mode Switching Corresponding to Changes in the Driving Environment.
Ryu Ohata; Kenji Ogawa; Hiroshi Imamizu
Frontiers in human neuroscience, 16, 788729, 788729, 2022, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Car driving is supported by perceptual, cognitive, and motor skills trained through continuous daily practice. One of the skills that characterize experienced drivers is to detect changes in the driving environment and then flexibly switch their driving modes in response to the changes. Previous functional neuroimaging studies on motor control investigated the mechanisms underlying behaviors adaptive to changes in control properties or parameters of experimental devices such as a computer mouse or a joystick. The switching of multiple internal models mainly engages adaptive behaviors and underlies the interplay between the cerebellum and frontoparietal network (FPN) regions as the neural process. However, it remains unclear whether the neural mechanisms identified in previous motor control studies also underlie practical driving behaviors. In the current study, we measure functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activities while participants control a realistic driving simulator inside the MRI scanner. Here, the accelerator sensitivity of a virtual car is abruptly changed, requiring participants to respond to this change flexibly to maintain stable driving. We first compare brain activities before and after the sensitivity change. As a result, sensorimotor areas, including the left cerebellum, increase their activities after the sensitivity change. Moreover, after the change, activity significantly increases in the inferior parietal lobe (IPL) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), parts of the FPN regions. By contrast, the posterior cingulate cortex, a part of the default mode network, deactivates after the sensitivity change. Our results suggest that the neural bases found in previous experimental studies can serve as the foundation of adaptive driving behaviors. At the same time, this study also highlights the unique contribution of non-motor regions to addressing the high cognitive demands of driving.

Role of anatomical insular subdivisions in interoception: interoceptive attention and accuracy have dissociable substrates.
Yusuke Haruki; Kenji Ogawa
The European journal of neuroscience, 23 Feb. 2021, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Prior neuroimaging studies have supported the idea that the human insular cortex plays an important role in processing and representing internal bodily states, also termed "interoception." According to recent theoretical studies, interoception includes several aspects such as attention and accuracy. However, there is no consensus on the laterality and location of the insula to support each aspect of interoception. Thus, we aimed to identify the anatomical insular subdivisions involved in interoceptive attention and accuracy; we examined 28 healthy volunteers who completed the behavioral heartbeat counting task and interoceptive attention paradigm using functional magnetic resonance imaging. First, interoceptive attention induced significant activation in the bilateral frontal operculum, precentral gyrus, middle insula, middle cingulate cortex, and supplementary motor area. Then, we compared the activation in anatomically predefined insular subdivisions during interoceptive attention. The highest activation of the middle short gyrus was noted within the insular cortex, followed by the anterior short gyrus and posterior short gyrus, while no significant hemispheric differences were observed. Finally, the interoceptive accuracy index, measured using the heartbeat counting task, strongly correlated with the activity of the right dorsal anterior insula/frontal operculum. These findings suggest that interoceptive attention is associated with the bilateral dorsal mid-anterior insula, which supports the processing and representation of bodily signals. In contrast, the more dorsal anterior portion of the right insula plays a key role in obtaining accurate interoception.

Effects of neurofeedback on the activities of motor-related areas by using motor execution and imagery.
Huixiang Yang; Zhengfei Hu; Fumihito Imai; Yuxiang Yang; Kenji Ogawa
Neuroscience letters, 746, 135653, 135653, 20 Jan. 2021, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Previous studies have reported that real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback using motor imagery can modulate the activity of several motor-related areas. However, the differences in these modulatory effects on distinct motor-related target regions using the same experimental protocol remain unelucidated. This study aimed to compare neurofeedback effects on the primary motor area (M1) and the ventral premotor cortex (PMv). Of the included participants, 15 received blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals from their left M1, and the other 15 received signals from their left PMv. Both groups were instructed to try to increase the neurofeedback score (NF-Score), which reflected the averaged activation level of the target region, by executing or imagining a right-hand clenching movement. The result revealed that during imagery condition, the left M1 was deactivated in the PMv-group but not in the M1-group, whereas the left PMv was activated in the PMv-group but not in the M1-group. Our finding indicates that neurofeedback from distinct motor-related regions has different effects on brain activity regulation.

Sense of Agency Beyond Sensorimotor Process: Decoding Self-Other Action Attribution in the Human Brain.
Ryu Ohata; Tomohisa Asai; Hiroshi Kadota; Hiroaki Shigemasu; Kenji Ogawa; Hiroshi Imamizu
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 30, 7, 4076, 4091, 01 Jun. 2020, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, The sense of agency is defined as the subjective experience that "I" am the one who is causing the action. Theoretical studies postulate that this subjective experience is developed through multistep processes extending from the sensorimotor to the cognitive level. However, it remains unclear how the brain processes such different levels of information and constitutes the neural substrates for the sense of agency. To answer this question, we combined two strategies: an experimental paradigm, in which self-agency gradually evolves according to sensorimotor experience, and a multivoxel pattern analysis. The combined strategies revealed that the sensorimotor, posterior parietal, anterior insula, and higher visual cortices contained information on self-other attribution during movement. In addition, we investigated whether the found regions showed a preference for self-other attribution or for sensorimotor information. As a result, the right supramarginal gyrus, a portion of the inferior parietal lobe (IPL), was found to be the most sensitive to self-other attribution among the found regions, while the bilateral precentral gyri and left IPL dominantly reflected sensorimotor information. Our results demonstrate that multiple brain regions are involved in the development of the sense of agency and that these show specific preferences for different levels of information.

Incongruence of grammatical subjects activates brain regions involved in perspective taking in a sentence-sentence verification task
Toshiki Iwabuchi; Masato Ohba; Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui
Journal of Neurolinguistics, 55, 100893, Jan. 2020, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Long-term training-dependent representation of individual finger movements in the primary motor cortex.
Ogawa K; Mitsui K; Imai F; Nishida S
NeuroImage, 202, 116051, Jul. 2019, [Peer-reviewed]

Common Neural System for Sentence and Picture Comprehension Across Languages: A Chinese-Japanese Bilingual Study.
Hu Z; Yang H; Yang Y; Nishida S; Madden-Lombardi C; Ventre-Dominey J; Dominey PF; Ogawa K
Frontiers in human neuroscience, 13, 380, 2019, [Peer-reviewed]

Dorsal premotor cortex is related to recognition of verbal and visual descriptions of actions in the first-person perspective.
Shibata H; Ogawa K
Neuroscience letters, 687, 71, 76, Elsevier BV, Sep. 2018, [Peer-reviewed]
Scientific journal

Temporal recalibration of motor and visual potentials in lag adaptation in voluntary movement
Chang Cai; Kenji Ogawa; Takanori Kochiyama; Hirokazu Tanaka; Hiroshi Imamizu
NeuroImage, 172, 654, 662, Academic Press Inc., 15 May 2018, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Narrative Constructions for the Organization of Self Experience: Proof of Concept via Embodied Robotics
Anne-Laure Mealier; Gregoire Pointeau; Solene Mirliaz; Kenji Ogawa; Mark Finlayson; Peter F. Dominey
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY, 8, 1331, Aug. 2017, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Do eidetikers have higher visuo-spatial memory abilities?
Ritsuko Nabata; Kenji Ogawa
Shinrigaku Kenkyu, 88, 3, 260, 266, Japanese Psychological Association, 2017, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese, Scientific journal

Hand-independent representation of tool-use pantomimes in the left anterior intraparietal cortex
Kenji Ogawa; Fumihito Imai
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH, 234, 12, 3677, 3687, Dec. 2016, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Single-trial prediction of reaction time variability from MEG brain activity
Ryu Ohata; Kenji Ogawa; Hiroshi Imamizu
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 6, 27416, Jun. 2016, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Spontaneous Facial Mimicry Is Enhanced by the Goal of Inferring Emotional States: Evidence for Moderation of "Automatic" Mimicry by Higher Cognitive Processes
Aiko Murata; Hisamichi Saito; Joanna Schug; Kenji Ogawa; Tatsuya Kameda
PLOS ONE, 11, 4, e0153128, Apr. 2016, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Neural Substrates Related to Motor Memory with Multiple Timescales in Sensorimotor Adaptation
Sungshin Kim; Kenji Ogawa; Jinchi Lv; Nicolas Schweighofer; Hiroshi Imamizu
PLoS Biology, 13, 12, e1002312, Public Library of Science, 08 Dec. 2015, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in recognizing hand actions performed in social contexts: a functional MRI study
Hiroshi Shibata; Toshio Inui; Kenji Ogawa
NEUROREPORT, 24, 14, 803, 807, Oct. 2013, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Human Sensorimotor Cortex Represents Conflicting Visuomotor Mappings
Kenji Ogawa; Hiroshi Imamizu
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, 33, 15, 6412, 6422, Apr. 2013, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

A functional MRI study of a picture-sentence verification task: evidence of attention shift to the grammatical subject
Toshiki Iwabuchi; Toshio Inui; Masato Ohba; Kenji Ogawa
NEUROREPORT, 24, 6, 298, 302, Apr. 2013, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Reference Frame of Human Medial Intraparietal Cortex in Visually Guided Movements
Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE, 24, 1, 171, 182, Jan. 2012, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Multiple neural representations of object-directed action in an imitative context
Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH, 216, 1, 61, 69, Jan. 2012, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Understanding interpersonal action coordination: an fMRI study
Hiroshi Shibata; Toshio Inui; Kenji Ogawa
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH, 211, 3-4, 569, 579, Jun. 2011, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Neural representation of observed actions in the parietal and premotor cortex
Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui
NEUROIMAGE, 56, 2, 728, 735, May 2011, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

An fMRI Investigation of the Mental Perspective Shift in Language Comprehension
Toshiki Iwabuchi; Masato Ohba; Toshio Inui; Kenji Ogawa
ADVANCES IN COGNITIVE NEURODYNAMICS (II), 351, 355, 2011, [Peer-reviewed]
English, International conference proceedings

The role of the posterior parietal cortex in drawing by copying
Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui
NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA, 47, 4, 1013, 1022, Mar. 2009, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Syntactic processing of complex sentences in left lateral premotor cortex
Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui; Masato Ohba
NEUROREPORT, 19, 8, 811, 815, May 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Lateralization of the posterior parietal cortex for internal monitoring of self-versus externally generated movements
Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE, 19, 11, 1827, 1835, Nov. 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Neural basis of syntactic processing of simple sentences in Japanese
Kenji Ogawa; Masato Ohba; Toshio Inui
NEUROREPORT, 18, 14, 1437, 1441, Sep. 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Neural correlates of state estimation in visually guided movements: An event-related fMRI study
Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui; Takeshi Sugio
CORTEX, 43, 3, 289, 300, Apr. 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Role of left inferior frontal gyrus in the processing of particles in Japanese
Toshio Inui; Kenji Ogawa; Masato Ohba
NEUROREPORT, 18, 5, 431, 434, Mar. 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Separating brain regions involved in internally guided and visual feedback control of moving effectors: An event-related fMRI study
Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui; Takeshi Sugio
NEUROIMAGE, 32, 4, 1760, 1770, Oct. 2006, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

Neural correlates of semantic effects on grasping familiar objects
T Sugio; K Ogawa; T Inui
NEUROREPORT, 14, 18, 2297, 2301, Dec. 2003, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal

MEGを用いたブレイン・マシン・インターフェースの基礎研究
今水寛; 小川健二; 大畑龍, 日本生体磁気学会誌, 27, 1, 12, 13, May 2014
Japanese

The Brain Basis of Cognitive Processing Involving Mental Imagery : Neural Substrates of Self-and External Movement Imagery
小川 健二, イメージ心理学研究, 11, 1, 25, 28, 2013
日本イメージ心理学会, Japanese

Separate neural substrates for two distinct rotational transformations in visuomotor learning
小川健二; 今水寛, 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告, 112, 232(MBE2012 36-44), 11, 16, 04 Oct. 2012
Behavioral studies showed that humans can adapt to conflicting sensorimotor mappings that causes interference after intensive training. While previous researches indicate involvement of distinct brain regions for different types of motor learning (e.g. kinematics vs. dynamics), the neural mechanisms underlying joint adaptation to conflicting mappings within the same type of perturbation (e.g. different angles of visuomotor rotation) remain unclear. To reveal neural substrates that represent multiple sensorimotor mappings, we examined if different mappings can be classified with multi-voxel activity patterns of functional magnetic resonance imaging data. Participants simultaneously adapted to opposite rotational perturbations (+90 and -90 degrees) during visuomotor tracking. To dissociate differences in movement kinematics with rotation-types, we employed two distinct patterns of target motion and tested generalization of the classifier between different combinations of rotation- and motion-types. Results showed that the rotation-types were classified significantly above chance using activities in the primary sensorimotor cortex and the supplementary motor area as well as the anterior part of cerebellum, despite no significant differences in averaged signal amplitudes within the region. Our results reveal that the sensorimotor and cerebellar cortices represent different visuomotor mappings, which permits joint learning and switching between conflicting sensorimotor skills., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Neural mechanisms underlying the processing of hierarchical structure in complex sentence comprehension : An fMRI study
IWABUCHI Toshiki; INUI Toshio; OGAWA Kenji, Technical report of IEICE. Thought and language, 111, 428, 1, 6, 28 Jan. 2012
Understanding complex sentences that have hierarchical embedded structures requires switching hierarchical clauses appropriately. We performed an experiment using functional magnetic resonance imaging in order to investigate how the brain processes such hierarchical structures and analyzed the data with dynamic causal modeling. The results showed that the left inferior frontal gyrus and the left posterior dorsolateral prefrontal cortex interact in complex sentence comprehension. This indicates that the brain network that is composed of these regions is involved in the processing of hierarch..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Cortical mechanisms underlying the processing of Japanese hierarchically embedded sentence structure
Iwabuchi, T; Inui, T; Ogawa, K, The Fourth Annual Neurobiology of Language Conference, 2012, [Peer-reviewed]
English

複文の構造処理に関する神経ネットワークの検討：fMRI研究
岩渕俊樹; 乾敏郎; 小川健二, 日本認知心理学会第10回大会, 2012
Japanese

Understanding of hand actions performed in social contexts: An fMRI study
SHIBATA Hiroshi; INUI Toshio; OGAWA Kenji, IEICE technical report. Neurocomputing, 110, 388, 69, 74, 17 Jan. 2011
It is assumed that the mirror neuron system (MNS) plays a fundamental role in understanding actions of other individuals, because it represents observed actions in the observer's brain. Recent studies have shown that the MNS areas (e.g., inferior frontal gyms [IFG]) are related to high-level action understanding such as understanding of goals and intentions. In the current study, we investigated whether the activity in the MNS areas is modulated by the differences in the context of the observed interactions between other individuals. We used movie clips depicting the interaction between two..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Neural representation of object-centered coordinates in humans : an fMRI study
OGAWA Kenji; INUI Toshio, IEICE technical report. Neurocomputing, 110, 388, 75, 80, 17 Jan. 2011
Several types of reference frames exist in the human brain. Previous neuropsychological case studies of hemi-neglect, in which the patient often neglects the right side of visually presented objects, have indicated the existence of neural representation of object-based coordinates in humans. The parieto-premotor regions, especially those of the right hemisphere, have consistently been reported as responsible for hemi-neglect. However, whether these areas represent visually presented stimuli in an object-centered reference frame remains unclear. We aimed to reveal neural representation of ob..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Understanding of hand actions performed in social contexts: An fMRI study
SHIBATA Hiroshi; INUI Toshio; OGAWA Kenji, IEICE technical report. Nonlinear problems, 110, 387, 69, 74, 17 Jan. 2011
It is assumed that the mirror neuron system (MNS) plays a fundamental role in understanding actions of other individuals, because it represents observed actions in the observer's brain. Recent studies have shown that the MNS areas (e.g., inferior frontal gyms [IFG]) are related to high-level action understanding such as understanding of goals and intentions. In the current study, we investigated whether the activity in the MNS areas is modulated by the differences in the context of the observed interactions between other individuals. We used movie clips depicting the interaction between two..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Neural representation of object-centered coordinates in humans : an fMRI study
OGAWA Kenji; INUI Toshio, IEICE technical report. Nonlinear problems, 110, 387, 75, 80, 17 Jan. 2011
Several types of reference frames exist in the human brain. Previous neuropsychological case studies of hemi-neglect, in which the patient often neglects the right side of visually presented objects, have indicated the existence of neural representation of object-based coordinates in humans. The parieto-premotor regions, especially those of the right hemisphere, have consistently been reported as responsible for hemi-neglect. However, whether these areas represent visually presented stimuli in an object-centered reference frame remains unclear. We aimed to reveal neural representation of ob..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Role of the inferior frontal gyrus in understanding hand actions performed in social contexts
Hiroshi Shibata; Toshio Inui; Kenji Ogawa, NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH, 71, E386, E386, 2011
English, Summary international conference

ヒト物体中心座標の神経基盤の検証
小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 日本認知心理学会第9回大会, 2011
Japanese

複文理解における階層処理に関わる脳領域の検討：fMRI研究
岩渕 俊樹; 乾 敏郎; 小川 健二, 日本認知心理学会第9回大会, 2011
Japanese

Neural Representation of Space for Sound-Source Localization: An fMRI Study
Takafumi Sato; Toshio Inui; Hiroshi Shibata; Kenji Ogawa, ADVANCES IN COGNITIVE NEURODYNAMICS (II), 357, 360, 2011, [Peer-reviewed]
English

Decoding Action Selectivity of Observed Images Using fMRI Pattern Analysis
Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui, ADVANCES IN COGNITIVE NEURODYNAMICS (II), 129, 133, 2011, [Peer-reviewed]
English

The shift of attention entailed in a shift of grammatical subject : An fMRI study
IWABUCHI Toshiki; OHBA Masato; INUI Toshio; OGAWA Kenji, IEICE technical report. Natural language understanding and models of communication, 110, 245, 7, 12, 16 Oct. 2010
In speech or sentence comprehension, a grammatical subject is considered to correspond with the referent, which initially captures attention in a visual scene. In the present study, the visual attention of a participant was guided to a particular referent in a visual scene, and a sentence whose subject was different from the referent was subsequently presented. This allowed investigation of the brain regions involved in the shift of grammatical subject. Two experiments using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) showed activation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) un..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

The shift of attention entailed in a shift of grammatical subject : An fMRI study
IWABUCHI Toshiki; OHBA Masato; INUI Toshio; OGAWA Kenji, Technical report of IEICE. Thought and language, 110, 244, 7, 12, 16 Oct. 2010
In speech or sentence comprehension, a grammatical subject is considered to correspond with the referent, which initially captures attention in a visual scene. In the present study, the visual attention of a participant was guided to a particular referent in a visual scene, and a sentence whose subject was different from the referent was subsequently presented. This allowed investigation of the brain regions involved in the shift of grammatical subject. Two experiments using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) showed activation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) un..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Brain mechanisms of visuomotor transformation based on deficits in tracing and copying
Kenji Ogawa; Chiyoko Nagai; Toshio Inui, JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 52, 2, 91, 106, May 2010
English, Book review

文理解における心的イメージと視点変換：fMRI実験による検討
岩渕 俊樹; 大庭 真人; 乾 敏郎; 小川 健二, 日本認知心理学会第8回大会, 2010
Japanese

視覚運動変換における内側頭頂間溝の座標系の解明
小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 日本認知心理学会第8回大会, 2010
Japanese

Reference frame of the medial intraparietal sulcus in visually guided movements
Kenji Ogawa; Toshio Inui, NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH, 68, E93, E93, 2010
English, Summary international conference

Neural basis of human cognitive development: from 9 to 24 months of age
乾 敏郎; 永井 知代子; 小川 健二, 心理学評論, 53, 2, 169, 195, 2010
心理学評論刊行会, Japanese

聴覚音源定位による脳内空間表現の検討：ｆＭＲＩ研究
佐藤貴文; 乾敏郎; 柴田寛; 柴田寛; 小川健二, 生体・生理工学シンポジウム論文集, 24th, 61, 64, 24 Sep. 2009
Japanese

ｆＭＲＩによる文理解における内的視点変換の検討
岩渕俊樹; 大庭真人; 乾敏郎; 乾敏郎; 小川健二, 生体・生理工学シンポジウム論文集, 24th, 81, 84, 24 Sep. 2009
Japanese

Neural representation of observed action in parieto-premotor cortex : an fMRI study with multi-voxel pattern analysis
OGAWA Kenji; INUI Toshio, IEICE technical report. Nonlinear problems, 109, 124, 55, 60, 06 Jul. 2009
Previous research indicates that posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and ventral premotor area (PMv) has a role in understanding of other's action. However, action selectivity that is critical for action understanding within these regions has not been elucidated. We investigated whether the parieto-premotor cortex contains information about observed actions using multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) over fMRI data. Participants observed object-directed hand actions. We independently manipulated multiple dimensions of observed images: action (grasp/touch), object (cup/bottle), perspective (egocen..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Neural representation of observed action in parieto-premotor cortex : an fMRI study with multi-voxel pattern analysis
OGAWA Kenji; INUI Toshio, IEICE technical report. Neurocomputing, 109, 125, 55, 60, 06 Jul. 2009
Previous research indicates that posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and ventral premotor area (PMv) has a role in understanding of other's action. However, action selectivity that is critical for action understanding within these regions has not been elucidated. We investigated whether the parieto-premotor cortex contains information about observed actions using multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) over fMRI data. Participants observed object-directed hand actions. We independently manipulated multiple dimensions of observed images: action (grasp/touch), object (cup/bottle), perspective (egocen..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

要求に反する手の動作の観察に関与する脳活動の検討：fMRI研究
柴田 寛; 小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 日本認知心理学会第７回大会, 2, 2009
Japanese

後部頭頂皮質における観察した行為の神経表象
小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 日本認知心理学会第７回大会, 2009
Japanese

Neural basis of human cognitive development: over the first 8 months of life
乾 敏郎; 小川 健二, 心理学評論, 52, 4, 576, 608, 2009
心理学評論刊行会, Japanese

階層的な動作表象の認識に関わる神経基盤の検討
小川健二; 乾敏郎; 乾敏郎, 日本ロボット学会学術講演会予稿集(CD-ROM), 26th, ROMBUNNO.1J1-02, 09 Sep. 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

Processing of syntactic movement in sentence comprehension and production : an fMRI study
OTSUKI Ryo; OGAWA Kenji; INUI Toshio, IEICE technical report. Neurocomputing, 107, 413, 61, 66, 08 Jan. 2008
Switching the order of noun phrases in Japanese sentence does not change the meaning of the sentence. This is because language has two levels of representation. One is phonological structure for communicating with people. The other is semantic structure for comprehending the meaning of the language. Syntactic movement between these two structures enables humans to comprehend and product the various forms of language. We investigated brain regions related to syntactic movement in Japanese with fMRI. Results showed that the left inferior frontal gyrus(BA44/45) was significantly activated with..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

自己視点と身体イメージに関するfMRI研究
田中 茂樹; 乾 敏郎; 小川 健二; 中村 太戯留, 第32回日本神経心理学会総会, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

なぞりと模写の神経機構 (1) fMRI研究
小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 日本認知心理学会第6回大会, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

自己視点の移動をともなうイメージ課題を用いた身体化と脱身体化の検討
田中 茂樹; 乾 敏郎; 小川 健二; 中村 太戯留, 日本認知心理学会第6回大会, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

なぞりと模写の神経機構 (2) ネットワークモデル
乾 敏郎; 小川 健二, 日本認知心理学会第6回大会, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

なぞりと模写の脳内メカニズム：closing-inへの示唆
小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 日本赤ちゃん学会第8回学術集会, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

Neural basis of hierarchical action representations for imitation: an fMRI study
Ogawa, K; Inui, T, Society for Neuroscience, 38th Annual Meeting, 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
English

Neural Substrates for Inference of Other's Mind based on Perspective Taking and Information Suppression
YOKOI Takashi; TAKEMURA Naohiro; OGAWA Kenji; INUI Tosio, IEICE technical report. Neurocomputing, 107, 263, 45, 50, 11 Oct. 2007
Humans have an ability to infer other's mind called Theory of Mind (ToM), which is generally tested by a false belief task. Although many researches have reported activities of medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), posterior superior temporal sulcus/temporal parietal junction (pSTS/TPJ), and temporal pole (TP) when performing the false belief task, it has been problematic that different stimulus were used in each condition. Thus, activities of 3 regions may reflect cognitive function other than ToM. We retested activities of 3 regions with same stimulus between conditions in Experiment 1. Then, ..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Properties of verbal self-monitoring under delayed auditory feedback
Taguchi, A; Sasaoka, T; Ogawa, K; Inui, T, The 1st Asada synergistic intelligence symposium, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
English

自己運動と外部運動の内的モニタリングに関わる神経基盤の違い：fMRI 研究
小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 脳と心のメカニズム第8回夏のワークショップ, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

言語獲得と運用の脳内基盤メカニズムの解明 (2) 構文の複雑さに依存した処理過程の検討
大槻 亮; 乾 敏郎; 小川 健二; 大庭 真人, 科研費特定領域研究第2領域 夏の領域会議, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

共創知能機構
乾 敏郎; 永井 知代子; 小川 健二, 第25回日本ロボット学会学術講演会, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

Neural correlates underlying internal monitoring of self-versus externally generated movements
Ogawa, K; Inui, T, The 1st Asada synergistic intelligence symposium, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
English

自己および他者視点からの推論機構の検討：fMRI研究
横井 隆; 竹村 尚大; 小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 日本認知心理学会第5回大会, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

基本語順文とかき混ぜ文の比較による格処理の神経基盤の検討
大槻 亮; 森藤 大地; 小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 日本認知心理学会第5回大会, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

動作模倣における動的な視覚運動マッチングに関わる神経基盤
小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 日本認知心理学会第5回大会, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

単文を用いた統語処理過程の検討:fMRI研究
乾 敏郎; 小川 健二; 大庭 真人, 日本認知心理学会第5回大会, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
Japanese

Neural correlates of dynamic visuomotor matching for meaningless gesture imitation
Ogawa, K; Inui, T, The Society for Neuroscience, 37th annual meeting, 2007, [Peer-reviewed]
English

Lateralization of posterior parietal cortex for internal movement estimation of self vs. others : an fMRI study
OGAWA Kenji; INUI Toshio, IEICE technical report. Neurocomputing, 106, 101, 13, 18, 08 Jun. 2006
Internal estimation of movements is an essential component in human motor control. Movement estimation comprise two types: movement of self and movement of others. Here we investigated the neural correlates of movement estimation of the self versus others with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants tracked a target, which was moving sinusoidally on the screen, with a cursor controlled by a computer mouse. This task included a trial in which either the target (other) or the cursor (self) motion was visually occluded. The fMRI results revealed the activation in the pre-SMA..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Neural correlates of movement prediction and effect of visual feedback in visually-guided movements : an fMRI study
OGAWA Kenji; INUI Toshio; SUGIO Takeshi, IEICE technical report. Neurocomputing, 104, 586, 67, 72, 18 Jan. 2005
This study investigated the neural correlates of movement prediction and the effect of visual feedback in visually-guided movements with event-related fMRI. Participants traced visually-presented curves using a computer mouse. At movement onset, movement of mouse cursor was visually occluded, and after cessation of occlusion visual feedback was presented. fMRI results showed that the activations in basal ganglia, ventral premotor area (PMv) and presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA) were significantlly greater when visual feedback was occluded, and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and temporo..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

視覚誘導運動における運動予測と視覚フィードバックの影響
小川 健二; 乾 敏郎; 杉尾 武志, 認知心大会論文, 2005, 0, 10, 10, 2005
日本認知心理学会, Japanese

Brain activation dependant on object structure at the posterior parietal cortex
SUGIO Takeshi; OGAWA Kenji; INUI Toshio, IEICE technical report. Neurocomputing, 104, 139, 13, 18, 17 Jun. 2004
Although the reach-to-grasp movement is a fundamental movement in all types of human behaviors, it is still not clear what visual properties of familiar objects are necessary for visuo-motor transformation. The present study investigated brain regions involved in the motor imagery involved in the reach-to-grasp movement using four types of familiar objects with different structural properties, and identified regions sensitive to each object. As a result, the activations of neural circuits in the posterior parietal cortex involved in the reach-to-grasp movement changed with respect to the ob..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

Neural correlates of movement prediction in visually-guided movements : an fMRI study
OGAWA Kenji; INUI Toshio; SUGIO Takeshi, IEICE technical report. Neurocomputing, 104, 139, 19, 24, 17 Jun. 2004
Human movement control has been suggested to use predictive control of self-movement, based on both motor commands and sensory feedback. This study investigated the neural basis for predictive control of human movements. Participants were instructed to trace visually presented curves, and an artificial delay was introduced to visual feedback. Brain activities during movement were measured using fMRI. Analysis of motor errors and brain activity revealed significant positive correlations between activity at the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and motor performance under delayed visual feedback..., The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Japanese

自己運動の予測制御に関する神経回路の同定
小川 健二; 乾 敏郎; 杉尾 武志; 田中 茂樹, 認知心大会論文, 2004, 0, 33, 33, 2004
日本認知心理学会, Japanese

幼児における構音の発達過程:—その1：幼児の言い誤りの定量的分析—
乾 敏郎; 大庭 真人; 小川 健二; 天野 成昭; 近藤 公久, 日本認知心理学会発表論文集, 2004, 0, 20, 20, 2004
日本認知心理学会, Japanese

Multiple action representations of familiar objects with handles: An fMRI study
T Sugio; K Ogawa; T Inui, PERCEPTION, 32, 61, 62, 2003
English, Summary international conference

視覚遅延フィードバックにおける運動制御とその神経基盤：fMRI研究
小川 健二; 乾 敏郎; 杉尾 武志; 田中 茂樹, 認知心大会論文, 2003, 0, 94, 94, 2003
日本認知心理学会, Japanese

日常物体の把持運動に対する意味的影響の脳内基盤
杉尾 武志; 小川 健二; 乾 敏郎, 認知心大会論文, 2003, 0, 96, 96, 2003
日本認知心理学会, Japanese

有斐閣現代心理学辞典
子安, 増生; 丹野, 義彦; 箱田, 裕司
有斐閣, Feb. 2021, 9784641002661, 996p, 図版 [18] p

時を編む人間 (北大文学研究科ライブラリ)
田山忠行; 田山忠行, 第二章 学習する脳と時間
北海道大学出版会, Aug. 2015, 4832933949, 274, [Contributor]

認知心理学ハンドブック
小川健二, 認知神経科学
有斐閣, Dec. 2013, [Contributor]

感覚・知覚・認識の基礎
乾敏郎; 小川健二, 身体のイメージ
オーム社, 2012, [Contributor]

高次脳機能障害Q&A基礎編
小川健二
新興医学出版社, 2011, [Contributor]

よくわかる認知科学
小川健二
ミネルヴァ書房, 2010, [Contributor]

3T fMRIによる一次運動野の層活動検出の試み：運動イメージ研究への応用を目指して
今井史; 楊家家; 今水寛; 小川健二
日本イメージ心理学会第26回大会
13 Dec. 2025 - 14 Dec. 2025

将棋の脳内盤の操作に関わる神経基盤の検討
大杉さくら; 髙橋耕作; 善本悠介; 高橋康介; 小川健二
日本イメージ心理学会第26回大会
13 Dec. 2025 - 14 Dec. 2025

衛生マスクによる顔魅力変調の神経基盤
鶴見周摩; 熊谷結祈; 新井田光希; 小川健二; 河原純一郎
日本基礎心理学会第44回大会
28 Nov. 2025 - 30 Nov. 2025

The effect of temporal regularity on neural activity during perceptual and motor timing
Niida M.; Ogawa K.
Timing Research Forum 4
17 Nov. 2025 - 19 Nov. 2025

When do we perceive our heart beats? Exploring temporal dynamics in interoception
Haruki Y.; Suzuki K.; Terasawa Y.; Ogawa K.; Blanke O.; Yotsumoto Y.
Timing Research Forum 4
17 Nov. 2025 - 19 Nov. 2025

熟達化に関わる脳内基盤
小川健二
第23回北海道大学脳科学研究教育センターシンポジウム, 14 Nov. 2025
[Invited]

身体化された偽手への視覚刺激が触覚識別精度に及ぼす影響
髙橋耕作; 小川健二
日本心理学会第89回大会
05 Sep. 2025 - 07 Sep. 2025

動作の視覚表象と言語表象の生成に関与する脳活動と脳機能結合
柴田寛; 小川健二
日本認知心理学会第23回大会
31 May 2025 - 01 Jun. 2025

スマートフォンへの注意バイアスと内受容感覚の低下および生理反応亢進の関連
晴木祐助; 宮原克典; 小川健二; 鈴木啓介
日本認知心理学会第23回大会
31 May 2025 - 01 Jun. 2025

ヒト感覚運動野における身体や運動の神経表象の検討
小川健二
第27回日本ヒト脳マッピング学会, Invited oral presentation
07 Mar. 2025 - 08 Mar. 2025

直観像保持者における視知覚とイメージの共通脳内表象
新井田光希; 髙橋耕作; 名畑理津子; 小川健二
第27回日本ヒト脳マッピング学会, Poster presentation
07 Mar. 2025 - 08 Mar. 2025

美大生-一般大学生間の視覚イメージ鮮明性および心的回転能力の比較
今井史; 宮坂真紀子; 小川健二
日本イメージ心理学会第25回大会, 14 Dec. 2024
15 Dec. 2024

時間知覚と運動タイミングにおける刺激規則性の影響：脳内基盤についての検討
新井田光希; 小川健二
基礎心理学会第43回大会, 29 Nov. 2024, Poster presentation
01 Dec. 2024

直観像保持者を対象とした知覚とイメージの共通脳内表象の検討
新井田光希; 髙橋耕作; 名畑理津子; 小川健二
第10回北海道大学部局横断シンポジウム, 06 Sep. 2024

Oneshot Heartbeat Detection: A Novel Task For Measuring Interoceptive Accuracy
Haruki Y.; Suzuki K.; Ogawa K.
The 27th edition of the ASSC meeting, Poster presentation
02 Jun. 2024 - 05 Jun. 2024

偽物の手に対する所有感に運動前野が果たす因果的役割を再考するためのデザイン分析
山縣豊樹; 市川加伊斗; 小川健二
日本生理心理学会第42回大会, 24 May 2024

Psychophysiological Signatures of Smartphone Addiction in University Students
Haruki Y; Suzuki K; Ogawa K
日本生理心理学会第42回大会, 24 May 2024

視覚イメージ鮮明性質問紙におけるイメージ生成方法の違いに関する一検討
今井史; 小川健二
日本イメージ心理学会, 09 Dec. 2023, Oral presentation

Transcranial direct current stimulation improves the awake reactivation in the primary motor cortex
Yang Y; Haruki Y; Niida M; Yamagata T; Ogawa K
第7回ヒト脳イメージング研究会, 08 Sep. 2023

内受容感覚の性差：身体感覚・情動の未分化が女性の心拍知覚メタ認知の低下を予測する
晴木祐助; 金子景; 小川 健二
日本認知科学会第39回大会, 07 Sep. 2023

Interoceptive attention modulates cognitive feeling in visual perception
Haruki Y; Suzuki K; Ogawa K
International Symposium on Predictive Brain and Cognitive Feelings, 19 Jul. 2023

Decoding of neural representations involved in subjective bodily awareness
Kenji Ogawa
International Symposium on Predictive Brain and Cognitive Feelings, 19 Jul. 2023
[Invited]

Neural substrates of top-down processing during perceptual duration-based and beat-based timing
Niida M; Haruki Y; Imai F; Ogawa K
29th annual meeting of The Organization for Human Brain Mapping, 22 Jun. 2023

運動や身体意識に関わる神経表象, 東京大学心理学研究室セミナー
小川健二
東京大学心理学研究室セミナー, 26 May 2023
[Invited]

手に対する所有感の神経基盤を再考する：因果構造の整理と先行研究データの二次分析
山縣豊樹; 水鳥翔伍; 小川健二
日本生理心理学会第41回大会, 20 May 2023

言語・非言語刺激から言語・非言語表象を生成する脳内基盤
柴田寛; 小川健二
電子情報通信学会ヒューマン情報処理研究会 (HIP), 15 May 2023

内受容感覚への注意とその知覚正確性に関わる神経基盤
晴木祐助; 鈴木啓介; 小川健二
日本発達神経科学会第11回大会, Nov. 2022
26 Nov. 2022 - 27 Nov. 2022

運動の実技とイメージに共通した一次運動野の神経表象-表象類似性分析を用いた検討-
今井史; 篠崎淳; 齊藤秀和; 長濱宏史; 櫻井佑樹; 長峯隆; 小川健二
日本イメージ心理学会第23回大会, Nov. 2022, Oral presentation
26 Nov. 2022 - 27 Nov. 2022

Visual motion imageryの鮮明性に球技経験が及ぼす効果の検討
今井史; 小川健二
北海道心理学会・東北心理学会 第13回合同大会, 05 Nov. 2022, Oral presentation

持続時間ベース及びビートベースの知覚的タイミングにおけるトップダウン処理の神経基盤
新井田光希; 晴木祐助; 今井史; 小川健二
北海道心理学会・東北心理学会 第13回合同大会, 05 Nov. 2022, Oral presentation

内受容感覚の感覚信号精度が視知覚の主観的確信度を変容させる
晴木祐助; 鈴木啓介; 小川健二
日本認知心理学会第20回大会, Oct. 2022
15 Oct. 2022 - 16 Oct. 2022

ヒトの運動や身体意識に関わる神経表象の解読
小川健二
第20回北海道大学脳科学研究教育センターシンポジウム, 04 Oct. 2022, Invited oral presentation
[Invited]

胃と心臓の内受容感覚に関わる個人差とその脳内ネットワークの差異: fMRI研究
晴木祐助; 鈴木啓介; 小川健二
日本認知科学会第39回大会, Sep. 2022
08 Sep. 2022 - 10 Sep. 2022

Neural dynamics during experiencing different types of interoception
Haruki Y; Suzuki K; Ogawa K
The 25th edition of the ASSC meeting, Jul. 2022, Poster presentation
12 Jul. 2022 - 15 Jul. 2022

遅延聴覚フィードバック順応のカルマンフィルターモデル
朝倉暢彦; 笹岡貴史; 小川健二; 乾敏郎
電子情報通信学会ニューロコンピューティング研究会, 04 Mar. 2022, Oral presentation

脳の中に「自他の重ね合わせ」は存在するか：哲学と認知神経科学の学際的アプローチ
本間祥吾; 山縣豊樹; 小川健二; 田口茂; 竹澤正哲
日本人間行動進化学会第14回大会, 04 Dec. 2021, Japanese

Viscerotopy in the anterior insula? Multivoxel pattern analysis study for explicit interoception
晴木祐助; 小川健二
第5回ヒト脳イメージング研究会, 28 Sep. 2021

ラバーハンド錯覚の主観的強度における個人差を定量化する試み - 階層的順序プロビット回帰モデルの適用による錯覚誘導「無反応者」の推定
山縣豊樹; 水鳥翔伍; 市川加伊斗; 小川健二
日本行動計量学会第49回大会, 30 Aug. 2021, Japanese

「自他の重ね合わせ」は脳に表現されているか：現象学と脳機能イメージングによる学際的検討
本間祥吾; 山縣豊樹; 小川健二; 田口茂; 竹澤正哲
日本社会心理学62回大会, 26 Aug. 2021, Japanese

Plasticity of the premotor cortex for fMRI neurofeedback using motor execution
Yang Y; Yang H; Imai F; Ogawa K
27th annual meeting of The Organization for Human Brain Mapping, 21 Jun. 2021, English, Oral presentation

時間の長さ及びテンポの速さ判断時の脳活動
新井田光希; 晴木祐助; 今井史; 小川健二
日本心理学会若手の会 異分野間恊働懇話会, 13 Mar. 2021, Japanese

共感性と視点取得に関わる神経基盤と発達過程
小川健二
第10回社会神経科学研究会, 20 Nov. 2020, Invited oral presentation
[Invited]

心的時間測定法、運動イメージの質問紙法 および時間感覚能力の関係性に関する検討
楊惠翔, 今井史, 小川健二
日本イメージ心理学会第21回大会, 14 Nov. 2020, Oral presentation

運動実行と筋感覚運動イメージに共通した一次運動野の神経表象
今井史; 篠崎淳; 齊藤秀和; 長濱宏史; 櫻井佑樹; 長峯隆; 小川健二
日本イメージ心理学会第21回大会, 14 Nov. 2020, Oral presentation

心-身-脳の関係を探る:内受容感覚の神経基盤にかかわる基礎的検討
晴木祐助; 小川健二
北海道大学第6回部局横断シンポジウム, 19 Oct. 2020, Oral presentation

外的な聴覚刺激から内的な聴覚表象への変換に関わる脳内基盤：fMRI研究
柴田寛, 小川健二
日本心理学会第83会大会, 08 Sep. 2020, Poster presentation

卒業論文, 2024年, 学士課程, 文学部

大学院共通授業科目（教育プログラム）：脳科学研究の展開, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目

修士論文, 2024年, 修士課程, 文学院

大学院共通授業科目（教育プログラム）：人間知・脳・AI教育プログラム, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目

修士論文・特定課題指導特殊演習, 2024年, 修士課程, 文学院

思考過程論特別演習, 2024年, 修士課程, 文学院

博士論文指導特殊演習, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 文学研究科

心理学特殊講義, 2024年, 修士課程, 文学院

博士論文指導特殊演習Ⅰ, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 文学院

大学院共通授業科目（教育プログラム）：人間知・脳・AI教育プログラム, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目

博士論文指導特殊演習Ⅱ, 2024年, 博士後期課程, 文学院

大学院共通授業科目（教育プログラム）：人間知・脳・AI教育プログラム, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目

大学院共通授業科目（教育プログラム）：脳科学入門, 2024年, 修士課程, 大学院共通科目

心理学実験, 2024年, 学士課程, 全学教育

心理学研究法, 2024年, 学士課程, 文学部

心理学特殊演習, 2024年, 学士課程, 文学部

社会・制度モジュール特殊科目B, 2024年, 学士課程, 現代日本学プログラム課程

基礎心理学, 2024年, 学士課程, 文学部

社会・制度モジュール特殊科目B, 2024年, 学士課程, 現代日本学プログラム課程

心理学実験実習, 2024年, 学士課程, 文学部

思索と言語, 2024年, 学士課程, 全学教育

運動と感覚の強度に関する言語刺激を量的シミュレーションで理解する脳内基盤の解明
科学研究費助成事業
Apr. 2024 - Mar. 2028
柴田 寛; 小川 健二
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 東北文化学園大学, Coinvestigator, 24K15681

感覚運動皮質における層別情報表現の解読による能動的推論仮説の検証
科学研究費助成事業
Apr. 2024 - Mar. 2028
小川 健二
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, Principal investigator, 24K03235

知覚像はどこまで自由に操れるのか：知覚像制御の心的過程と脳内基盤の解明
科学研究費助成事業
01 Apr. 2023 - 31 Mar. 2027
高橋 康介; 小川 健二; 北川 智利; 金子 沙永
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(A), 立命館大学, 23H00078

脳状態可視化に基づく内受容注意モニタリングシステム開発とマインドフルネスへの応用
科学研究費助成事業 挑戦的研究(萌芽)
30 Jun. 2022 - 31 Mar. 2025
小川 健二
本研究は、被験者自身の内受容注意に関わる脳活動を可視化して本人にフィードバックすることで、効果的な脳のセルフコントロール・システムを提案する。身体内部からの情報を伝える感覚(内受容感覚)は、特に感情・情動やメンタルヘルス等との関連が示されている。マインドフルネスでは、現在の自分の身体内部感覚（呼吸や心拍）に注意(内受容注意)を向ける (body scan)ことで、外的なストレスへの 効果的な対処を図っており、心理臨床現場でもその効果が実証されている。しかし運動訓練等とは異なり、内受容注意の程度、すなわち自身の脳活動変化を観察することはできないため、どのような方略を取れば効果的であるのかが明確でないという問題点がある。そこで本研究はリアルタイムfMRIを使い、内受容注意時の自身の脳活動を可視化し本人にフィードバックすることで、自身の脳状態を把握した効果的な脳のセルフコントロール・システムの開発と応用を目指す。本提案では脳の島皮質に着目する。島皮質は大脳皮質が島のように内側に折り畳まれている箇所であり、視床から内臓感覚などの身体内部に関する感覚(内受容感覚)を前頭葉へと中継する場所である。またfMRIを使った研究からも、内受容注意により、島皮質の活動が増加する点が明らかになっている。実験では、被験者にMRI装置に横たわった状態で内受容注意課題を行ってもらう。具体的には、軽く目を空けた状態で自分の現在の身体感覚(呼吸や心拍など)に注意を向ける。その際の島皮質の活動をfMRIで計測し、その結果を本人に対してリアルタイムで棒グラフや数値等で分かりやすく視覚呈示でフィードバックする。
日本学術振興会, 挑戦的研究(萌芽), 北海道大学, 22K18643

経頭蓋電気刺激による安静時脳活動の操作と運動学習能力の制御
科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(B)
01 Apr. 2021 - 31 Mar. 2024
小川 健二
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(B), 北海道大学, 21H00958

身体イメージを基礎とする社会的認知過程の自由エネルギー原理による統一的理解
科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(A)
Apr. 2019 - Mar. 2023
乾 敏郎; 小川 健二; 笹岡 貴史; 朝倉 暢彦
身体の線画の心的回転課題における反応時間の個人差と、内受容感覚の感度を測定する心拍弁別課題の関係を調べた。その結果、内受容感覚の感度が高い人ほど、正立した線画において、正面像と背面像との間の反応時間の差が小さく、VBM解析から左頭頂間溝の体積が大きいことが分かった。つぎに自己身体イメージに対する評価と内受容感覚の関係について調べた。その結果、内受容感覚への気づきの多次元的アセスメントの第1主成分得点と否定的な身体イメージおよび内受容感覚の感度の間に弱い正の相関が見られ、肯定的なイメージの間に弱い負の相関が見られた。また不快さ、快適さなどの身体感覚に関する気づき得点、身体感覚への注意を保ちコントロールする能力、身体感覚に注意を向けることで苦痛を調整する能力などと内受容感覚の感度の間に弱い正の相関が見られた。
次に視点取得機能の脳内ネットワークモデルを構築した。モデルでは下前頭回のミラーニューロンによって他者の対象中心表現と姿勢が決定されTPJと頭頂前庭皮質に伝えられ、内的な移動のシミュレーションが実行される。今後は内受容感覚との統合モデルを検討する。次にTPJの中で視覚的視点取得と心の理論のTPJにおける活動ピーク位置に違いが見られるのかについて同一被験者で検討した。TPJにおけるピーク位置を個人毎に比較した結果、左右半球ともに心の理論は視覚的視点取得に比べて、有意に前方かつ背側に位置していた。ところでⅠ型視覚視点取得が3才9ヶ月でも可能なのは、床面が水平である場合、視覚野を通じ遠近情報をなくして、あたかも上から見た立体図が得られる仕組みが自動的に働いているためではないかと考えられる。この仮説が立証されるかを実験で検証した。その結果、この仮説が支持された。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(A), 追手門学院大学, 19H00634

A new framework for perceptual and cognitive processing through active multisensory integration
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
28 Jun. 2019 - 31 Mar. 2022
INUI Toshio
We clarified various characteristics of the integration process of interoceptive, exteroceptive and proprioceptive sensations through behavioral experiments, questionnaire surveys, brain activity measurements (using fMRI), and physiological measurements, such as electromyography and electrocardiography. The new free energy principle (FEP) framework successfully explained the integration mechanism of multisensory information. The same framework explained the individual differences and properties of certain disease systems.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Pioneering), Otemon Gakuin University, 20K20423

Effects of thinking training using graphical representations on spatial intelligence and its objective evaluation
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2019 - 31 Mar. 2022
Sugio Takeshi
The present study sought to determine what visual attributes are associated with global reading, whether it is possible to determine from objective measures such as eye movements that global reading is taking place, and the neural basis of semantic processing for graphical representations. The results revealed that global reading dominated when the multiple visual attributes that make up the graphical representation evoke common emotions among each other. Next, it was shown that differences in the extent of attention to visual stimuli can be quantified by an index derived from eye movement patterns. Finally, fMRI experiments revealed that semantic processing for graphical representations occurs in the left inferior parietal lobule.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Doshisha University, 19K03017

Investigation of neural correlates connecting prediction error with sense of agency
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
01 Apr. 2018 - 31 Mar. 2021
Imamizu Hiroshi
When humans usually move their bodies, they get a sense of agency (the subjective awareness that one is excusing and controlling one’s actions). Many studies have suggested that sensory prediction error affects a sense of agency during movements. However, little is known about how prediction error is processed to yield a sense of agency. Our research project probed this process with a psychological experiment, a mathematical model, and intervention of brain activity. We revealed that the accumulation of prediction error is critical for the judgment of a sense of agency. Our mathematical model based on Bayesian inference can account for this process. Furthermore, we found a possibility that an increase in the right parietal lobe activity leads to an increase in discriminability in the sense of agency.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), The University of Tokyo, 18H01098

多感覚の表象に基づく言語の理解と表出に関わる脳機能モデルの構築
科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C)
01 Apr. 2018 - 31 Mar. 2021
柴田 寛; 小川 健二
感覚刺激（動物の写真と鳴き声）および言語刺激（文字と音声）を用いて、これらを内的に生成する過程を解明するためのふたつのfMRI実験を実施した。視覚刺激（写真と文字）を使用した実験では、4つの実験条件（①写真刺激から写真表象を生成、②写真刺激を変換して文字表象を生成、③文字刺激から文字表象を生成、④文字刺激を変換して写真表象を生成）に⑤統制条件を加えた実験課題を設定した。結果、4つの実験条件に共通して、左右後頭葉/側頭葉後部、左頭頂葉、左下前頭回/中前頭回において有意な活動上昇がみられた（統制条件との比較）。「変換なし条件（①③）」では「変換あり条件（②④）」に比べて、左右後頭葉/側頭葉後部、左右上側頭回前部/ローランド溝弁蓋、右縁上回での有意な活動上昇がみられた。聴覚刺激（鳴き声と音声）を使用した実験では、4つの実験条件（①鳴き声刺激から鳴き声表象を生成、②鳴き声刺激を変換して音声表象を生成、③音声刺激から音声表象を生成、④音声刺激を変換して鳴き声表象を生成）に⑤統制条件を加えた実験課題を設定した。結果、4つの実験条件に共通して、後頭葉、左右側頭葉上部（側頭極含む）、左上頭頂小葉/角回を含む領域に有意な活動上昇がみられた（統制条件との比較）。視覚関連領野の活動がみられたことから、聴覚刺激の入力から、聴覚表象だけでなく視覚表象も内的に生成していた可能性を示唆する。「変換あり条件（②④）」では「変換なし条件（①③）」に比べて、左上頭頂小葉、左中心前回/中前頭回、帯状回中部/補足運動野での有意な活動上昇がみられた。これらの領域は提示された聴覚刺激を内的に変換して別の聴覚表象を生成する過程に関与していると考えられる。ふたつの実験結果から、類似の課題であっても感覚の種類によって活動パターンが大きく異なることが示された。
日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 東北文化学園大学, 18K12019

Development of self- from bodily self to the representation of self-other distinction
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
01 Apr. 2017 - 31 Mar. 2021
明和 政子; 乾 敏郎; 小川 健二
ヒト特有の社会的知性の根幹は，「他者について直接知覚した状態とその背後にある心的状態を自己のそれと分離表象する能力（自他分離表象）」にある．私たちは，身体と環境との相互作用経験が自他表象の分離を創発，発達させ，それを基盤としてヒト特有の社会的認知システムが構築されると予測するが，自他分離表象が起こる動的プロセスについてはいまだ科学的理解は進んでいない．本研究は，ヒト乳幼児と成人を対象とした実証研究を行い，成人の認知モデルを軸に，自他分離表象がどのように創発，発達していくのかを，観測―モデル化－シミュレーション実験により解釈し，自他分離表象の創発モデルを構築することを目的としている．
当該年度は，「自己―他者視点の相互変換時の脳内ネットワーク解明」に関する課題を遂行した．児童期の子どもを対象とした視点取得課題を考案し，fMRIを用いてその脳構造・機能的変化の計測を行った．また，implicit（知覚・無意識的）－explicit （認知・意識的）な誤信念理解および他者の心的状態に対する共感についての発達プロセスを明らかにするfMRI実験にも着手した．データの収集は当初予定をはるかに上回るスピ―ドで遂行することができ，本年度中に完了した．
その一部成果については，研究代表者が主催した日本発達神経科学学会第８回学術集会，およびBar=Ilan University, University of Portsmouth，CIFER-IRCN国際セミナー等での招待講演で発表してきた．現在，国際学術誌投稿に向けた準備を進めているところである．
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Kyoto University, 17H01016

Inverse investment effect of attention
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
01 Apr. 2017 - 31 Mar. 2020
Kawahara Jun-ichiro
The present study examined whether top-down cognitive control could modulate three sub-component of attention (i.e., orienting, interference control, and arousal). We implemented an attention-network test while requiring participants to invest their all might or half cognitive effort. Behavioral performance successfully reflected participants' intention in that orienting was delayed when participants invested only a half of their effort. However,region of interest analyses on the fMRI data revealed no activation at the predicted sights related to the spatial disengagement of attention. An alternative project that explored active suppression of a specific visual feature progressed successfully. We also extended a new line of research regarding the contrast of meta-cognition of visual search and concealment. The latter study identified five strategies including salience of target feature, temporal remoteness, approachability, recency, and randomness.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Hokkaido University, 17H02648

Influence of resting state brain activity and neurofeedback on motor learning
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)
01 Apr. 2017 - 31 Mar. 2020
Ogawa Kenji
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the resting-state brain activity and motor learning using fMRI. The visuomotor tracking was used in the MRI scanner as a motor learning task. We first trained the classifier to discriminate between motor learning trials versus control trials using the activation patterns within the primary sensorimotor cortex, then applied the trained classifier to the resting-state activity before/after the motor learning sessions. The result showed a significant increase in the number of volumes classified as the task in the post-learning rest-period compared with those for the pre-learning period. Our finding revealed the reactivation of task-related patterns in the primary sensorimotor cortex for visuomotor learning. In addition, we provided the similarity of activities with the motor learning period as a neurofeedback score and found an increase in similarity during the neurofeedback period.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A), Hokkaido University, 17H04683

Eidetic memory in children: A developmental cognitive neuroscience study
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
30 Jun. 2017 - 31 Mar. 2019
Moriguchi Yusuke; Ogawa Kenji; Yamaguchi Masanori
Eidetic imagery refers to "seeing” an object that is no longer objectively present. The present study examined the developmental changes of population who experience of eidetic imagery during childhood and its biological basis. Results revealed that a) we created an evaluation method to non-verbally identify whether a person experiences eidetic imagery, b) neural basis of eidetic imagery using fMRI, and c) age-related decline of children who experience eidetic imagery.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory), Kyoto University, 17K18700

Neural mechanisms inducing plasticity on body representations
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
10 Jul. 2014 - 31 Mar. 2019
Imamizu Hiroshi; KATO Motoichiro; SHIBUYA Satoshi; OGAWA Kenji; ASAI Tomohisa; OKIMURA Tsukasa; YAMASHITA Yuichi; SHIGEMASU Hiroaki; KADOTA Hiroshi; YAMASHITA Masahiro; CAI Chang; OHATA Ryu; MOCHIZUKI Kei; YOSHIDA Masatoshi; IMAIZUMI Syu
When humans normally move their bodies, they get sense of agency (the subjective awareness that one is excusing and controlling one’s own actions) and sense of body ownership (the awareness that one is the owner of an action or movement). Senses of agency and body ownership constitute bodily self-awareness. Our research project found that neural substrates for bodily self-awareness mainly exist in neural networks connecting the inferior parietal lobe and the inferior frontal gyrus in the right cerebral hemisphere. This finding was obtained by our behavioral experiments, measurements of brain activity, and non-invasive brain stimulation in normal human subjects as well as our analysis of neural networks in schizophrenic patients with altered bodily self-awareness. We also revealed neural mechanisms of sensory suppression, which is the basis of bodily self-awareness, by recoding activity of individual neurons in monkeys.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area), 26120002

Investigation of finger movement abilities based on individual cortical sensorimotor map and manipulation with neurofeedback.
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
01 Apr. 2016 - 31 Mar. 2018
Ogawa Kenji
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between individual finger movement abilities and their cortical sensorimotor map. In our experiment, participants performed individual finger-tapping of four digits (index, middle, ring, and little fingers), which was visually cued by a single Japanese character. Synchronized with the timing of this visual cue, the subjects made repeated tapping movements with the same finger 12 times, once for every second. Our results showed that the individual piano experience affects the multi-voxel pattern activities in the primary sensorimotor cortex. Furthermore, the neurofeedback was used to increase the activities in the primary sensorimotor cortex to enhance the motor learning.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, Hokkaido University, 16K12440

Brain information processing shared in eidetic image and synesthesia
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
01 Apr. 2015 - 31 Mar. 2018
Matsuoka Kazuo; KAWACHI Youshke; SON Yoruwan; OGAWA Kenji; PRIMA OKY,DICKY; IMABUCHI Takashi; MORIKAWA Mihoko
The present research concerning eidetics and synesthesia yielded the following new findings. (1) The identification tests of eidetikers and synesthetes among Japanese collage students showed that the ratio of synesthetes within eidetikers was approximately 50%, synesthetes with eidetics were mostly localizer type, and eidetikers and synesthetes showed higher scores of imagination related questionnaires (VVIQ, OSlQ, CEQ). (2) Neuroimaging data (VBM and resting state fMRI) suggested that eidetikers had a specific brain structure and a functional connectivity network. In fNIRS studies, eidetikers showed stronger activation of occipital early visual areas during visualizing tasks. (3) In addition, eidetikers shows a perceptual peculiarity in imaging: that is 'eidetic smooth pursuit eye movement' occurring without real moving stimulus or a specific response to the task visualizing imaginary digit sequences. Based on these findings, a model of the related neurocognitive bases was proposed.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Iwate University, 15K00197

The role of executive function in the flexible reading of the diagrams
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
01 Apr. 2015 - 31 Mar. 2018
Sugio Takeshi
Reading a diagram in a flexible manner requires the utilization of the conventional knowledge about the diagram for deriving its meaning. In the present study, we investigated how both visual attention and cognitive control are involved in the perception and the cognition of the diagrams at both a global and a local level. In addition, we explored the neural mechanisms of global reading of the diagrams by using fMRI. As a result, we found that the category-specific knowledge of the diagrams indeed influenced both the global and the local processing of the diagrams. Moreover, the brain activation showed that inhibitory control was involved in the global processing of the diagrams. These results suggest that the role of conventional knowledge in the flexible reading of the diagrams, and it is necessary to consider how to apply such principle to a diagram design.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Doshisha University, 15K00215

Investigation of neural mechanisms for sense of agency by using neurofeedback
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
01 Apr. 2014 - 31 Mar. 2016
OGAWA Kenji
This study aimed to investigate the neural mechanisms of sensorimotor control and associated changes in sense of agency by using neurofeedback. First, a setup of real-time processing as well as feedback presentation system of fMRI was made to a newly introduced MRI machine within our research center. Using this real-time system, fMRI neurofeedback experiments were conducted, in which the participants regulated their brain activation patterns guided by with their neurofeedback score. This study showed that the participants could regulate their brain activity of the sensorimotor cortex involved in motor learning and sense of agency.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research, Hokkaido University, 26540059

ヒト身体像を構成する神経表象の解明とミラーニューロンシステム仮説の検証
科学研究費助成事業 特別研究員奨励費
2011 - 2013
小川 健二
ヒトは,自らの身体状態のイメージ(身体像)を脳内で動的に推定しており,さらに自己の身体像は他者認知の基盤ともなっていると考えられる(ミラーニューロンシステム仮説).また身体像は,日々変化する環境,あるいは身体や道具の特性に適応する必要があり,このためには運動指令や環境変化を予測可能な脳内の内部モデルの学習が不可欠である.そこで本研究は,このような身体像の基盤となる内部モデルの神経表象を明らかにするため,ヒトが2種類の感覚運動変換に適応した後の脳活動を機能的磁気共鳴画像法(functional MRI)で計測し,それぞれの変換条件を表象する脳部位の特定を試みた.
先行研究から,ヒトは複数の運動スキルを同時並行的に学習可能な点が示されているが,これは個々のスキルに対応した複数の内部モデルが脳内に獲得されているものと考えられる.実験ではジョイスティックを使った視覚トラッキングを用い,実験参加者は2種類の相反する回転変換(+90度または-90度)に同時適応した.そして,運動中のfMRI活動に対してマルチボクセルパターン分析(MVPA)を用い,変換条件が識別可能か検討した.また回転変換条件と,低次の運動キネマティクスとの違いを明示的に区別するため,2種類のターゲット軌跡パターンを設け,異なる変換条件と軌跡パターンの組合せに対する識別器の汎化精度を調べた.結果から,感覚運動野,補足運動野,および小脳前部の活動パターンを使って回転変換の識別が可能であった.本研究から,感覚運動関連野および小脳で異なる感覚運動マッピングが表象されていることが明らかとなった.
日本学術振興会, 特別研究員奨励費, 株式会社国際電気通信基礎技術研究所, 11J08279

ヒト身体像を構成する神経表象の解明とミラーニューロンシステム仮説の検証
科学研究費助成事業 研究活動スタート支援
2010 - 2011
小川 健二
ヒトは,運動にともなって時々刻々と変化する自らの身体状態(あるいは身体像)を,脳内で内的に推定していると考えられる.このような内的な身体表象は,自己の運動指令や多種の感覚フィードバック情報を統合することにより,脳内で動的かつ統一的に保持や更新がなされる必要がある.本研究では,このようなヒト脳内の身体像を明らかにするため,ヒトの非侵襲脳機能計測法である脳磁図(MEG),および機能的核磁気共鳴画像法(fMRI)を使って,ヒトが運動を行っている際の脳活動を解析した.MEGとfMRIを組み合わせることで,時空間的に詳細な分析が可能である.本年度では,まず単純な手の運動を使って実験を行った.具体的に被験者には,スクリーン上に提示されたターゲットに対して,腕を使ったポインティング運動を行ってもらった.そして,その際の脳活動を計測し,運動実行時および運動前の準備段階での活動から,運動の方向を予測することを試みた.また,視覚座標系(スクリーンのターゲット位置)と運動座標系(手の運動方向)とを実験的に分離するため,被験者の腕を90度回転させた状態で同様の運動を行ってもらい,脳活動から予測された運動方向に対する影響を検討した.予備的結果から,脳部位に応じて異なる座標系(視覚と運動)の関与を明らかにすることができた.今後,これらの座標系がどのように動的に統合されて身体像が形成され,自己の運動制御,さらには他者の動作認知へと利用されているのかを検討する予定である.
日本学術振興会, 研究活動スタート支援, 株式会社国際電気通信基礎技術研究所, 22800035

ヒトの運動制御における動的な身体の状態推定機構の解明
科学研究費助成事業 特別研究員奨励費
2006 - 2007
小川 健二
本研究は,ヒトの巧みで正確な運動制御を実現する脳内の状態推定機構の解明を行った.ヒトが脳で生成した運動指令を末梢の効果器(身体)へと伝える遠心性経路,また効果器あるいは外界の状態を感覚情報として中枢へと伝える求心性経路には,遅延やノイズといった生体固有の制約があるため,それを補償する予測的制御が必要である.さらには実際の運動によって得られる感覚フィードバック情報を利用して,内的予測を適切に修正する必要がある.このような内的予測と感覚フィードバック情報とを動的に統合して身体の状態予測制御を実現する脳内メカニズムについて,本研究は機能的核磁気共鳴画像法(fMRI)を用いて検討した.実験では,視覚呈示された曲線のトレーシング運動((1)),またはターゲットのトラッキング運動((2))を行い,視覚フィードバックに遮断と呈示という操作を加え,その際の実験協力者の行動データ,および脳活動を分析した.主な研究成果は下記の2点である.
(1)視覚フィードバック呈示後の視空間的な運動誤差と右頭頂間溝の活動に正の相関が見られ,この部位がオンラインの視覚フィードバックに基づく誤差評価に関連する点が明らかとなった.さらに視覚フィードバック遮断中の運動パフォーマンスと前補足運動野の活動に正の相関が見られ,この部位が視覚情報が得られない際の内的な視覚運動イメージ化に関わる点が示唆された.
(2)自己運動と外部運動に共通して視覚遮断中に前補足運動野の活動が見られ,この部位が遮断対象の動作主に関わらない視覚運動イメージ化に関連することが示唆された.また自己運動,および外部運動の視覚フィードバック遮断中には,それぞれ左下頭頂小葉と右上/下頭頂小葉の活動が見られた.この結果から,視覚遮断に対する内的推定過程において,自己運動と外部運動とでは頭頂葉の側性が存在する点を明らかにした.
日本学術振興会, 特別研究員奨励費, 京都大学, 06J02964