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Takagi Masaoki

Faculty of Science　Biological Sciences　BiodiversityProfessor

Researcher basic information

■ Degree
  • Doctor of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Mar. 1997
■ URL
researchmap URL■ Various IDs
ORCID IDJ-Global ID■ Research Keywords and Fields
Research Keyword
  • 保全生態学
  • Bioacoustics
  • Biogeography
  • Avian Ecology
  • Island Biology
  • Ornithology
  • Animal Ecology
Research Field
  • Life Science, Evolutionary biology
  • Life Science, Biodiversity and systematics
  • Environmental Science/Agriculture Science, Conservation of biological resources
  • Life Science, Ecology and environment
■ Educational Organization

Career

■ Career
Educational Background
  • Mar. 1997, Hokkaido University, 農学研究科, 農業生物学専攻, Japan
Committee Memberships
  • Jan. 2017 - Present
    山階鳥類学雑誌, 編集委員, Society
  • Apr. 2014 - Present
    山階鳥類研究所, 特任研究員, Others
  • Jan. 2007 - Present
    日本鳥学会, 評議員, Society
  • Aug. 2006 - Present
    International Ornithological Union, IO Committee, Society

Research activity information

■ Awards
  • Dec. 2021, 日本生態学会北海道地区会, 奨励賞
    果樹園で繁殖する絶滅に瀕する渡り⿃の個体数減少に⽣活史戦略が与える影響
    ⾚松あかり, ⻘⽊⼤輔, 松宮裕秋, 原星⼀, 古巻翔平, 髙⽊昌興
  • Mar. 2021, 第68回日本生態学会, ポスター賞最優秀（行動）
    体サイズに関する同類交配は積極的な配偶者選びの結果か：長期研究データによる検証
    澤田 明;岩崎 哲也;高木 昌興
  • Oct. 2019, 日本鳥学会, ポスター賞
    餌資源の豊富ななわばりで冬を越せた個体は、その後の繁殖が上手くいくのか？
    西田有佑;高木昌興
  • Sep. 2019, 個体群生態学会, ポスター賞優秀賞
    分散距離の性差が先か？近親交配の回避が先か？
    澤田明;小野遥;高木昌興
  • Mar. 2019, 石狩川流域湿地・水辺・海岸ネットワーク, 第3回フォーラム学生ポスター最優秀賞
    オシドリ奥様のご近所づきあい 種内托卵に根差した生活史研究
    坂本春菜;青木大輔;新田啓子;高木昌興
  • Mar. 2019, 日本生態学会, ポスター賞優秀賞
    感覚便乗による鳥の声の地理的変異は交配前隔離の機構としてはたらく
    植村慎吾;高木昌興
  • Mar. 2019, 日本生態学会, 英語口頭発表Best Award
    Light-level geolocators and phylogeography reveal the evolutionary uniqueness of the Japanese-endemic migratory bird subspecies
    Daisuke AOKI・Haruna SAKAMOTO・Hiroaki MATSUMIYA・Munehiro KITAZAWA;Masaoki TAKAGI
  • Oct. 2018, 個体群生態学会, ポスター賞優秀賞
    Genetic data of an extinct population can offer insights into processes that a natural population successfully colonize a previously uninhabited area
    Daisuke AOKI;Shin MATSUI;Junko NAGATA;Mariko SENDA;Fumiaki NOMANO;Masaoki Takagi
  • Sep. 2018, 日本鳥学会, ポスター賞
    絶滅した自然集団DNA から生物が新しい集団形成を可能にする条件を探る
    青木大輔;松井晋;永田純子;千田万里子;野間野史明;髙木昌興
  • Mar. 2018, 日本生態学会, ポスター賞最優秀賞
    オスの貯食行動は性選択によって進化した？―モズは「はやにえ」を食べてメスの誘引に重要なさえずりの質を高める―
    西田有佑;高木昌興
■ Papers
■ Other Activities and Achievements
■ Books and other publications
■ Lectures, oral presentations, etc.
■ Syllabus
  • 自然史科学特別研究１, 2024年, 修士課程, 理学院
  • 自然史科学論文講読１, 2024年, 修士課程, 理学院
  • 進化学概論, 2024年, 修士課程, 理学院
  • 多様性生物学研究法, 2024年, 修士課程, 理学院
  • 科学・技術の世界（1単位）, 2024年, 学士課程, 全学教育
  • 生物多様性概論, 2024年, 学士課程, 理学部
  • 生物学Ⅱ, 2024年, 学士課程, 全学教育
  • 系統進化学, 2024年, 学士課程, 理学部
■ Affiliated academic society
  • 日本鳥学会
  • 日本生態学会
■ Research Themes
  • 鳥とウモウダニの共生:鳥による個体数管理とそれを回避するウモウダニの生存戦略
    科学研究費助成事業
    01 Apr. 2024 - 31 Mar. 2027
    高木 昌興; 高久 元; 加藤 徹
    日本学術振興会, 基盤研究(C), 北海道大学, 24K09602
  • 再導入により完全に遺伝管理された鳥類の島嶼隔離個体群の保全・進化生態学研究
    科学研究費助成事業
    30 Jul. 2020 - 31 Mar. 2023
    高木 昌興; 安藤 温子
    南大東島で2-8月まで198巣をモニタリングし、106巣で産卵を確認、86巣で少なくとも1個体の雛が巣立った。繁殖の失敗は、繁殖個体の消失や原因不明の放棄、人為的に移入されたネコやイタチよる雛の捕食である。雛の捕食対策は施しているが不測の事態に遭遇した。北大東島への再導入では、この経験をもとに対策を行う。モニタリング調査を行っている巣で繁殖した親個体のすべてを捕獲し、形態計測、色足輪での標識、採血、遺伝解析を行った。育雛中の8つがいの雌雄にGPSデータロガーを装着した。本種は樹林性の種とされるが、樹林地、畑、並木、民家など様々な環境を利用した。環境の利用様式にも個体差があり、幅の狭い並木沿いに広く行動するつがい、反対に孤立した小面積の樹林地だけで行動するつがいなどが認められた。結果的に行動圏の面積は1.7-32.8haと個体差が大きくなった。行動圏利用の融通性が大きさが、亜種ダイトウコノハズクを樹林が狭く畑が優占する環境で個体群を維持させる要因と考えられる。雛数や給餌頻度は行動圏の面積と関係していなかった。行動圏の面積や形は周囲の個体との関係や餌動物の生産性と関係する。再導入後、繁殖つがい数が少ない段階ではつがい間に干渉は生じないであろう。また雌の行動圏は雄よりも広く、餌を集め育雛を分担し、雄は狭くなわばり防衛の役割を果たした。前年までに足輪をつけた個体を徹底的に探索し、両親が判明している82個体の雄を含め、435個体の雄の鳴き声を録音した。時間周波数解析を行い、形質値の親子回帰分析とランダムに親子を組み合わせる解析により、雄の鳴き声は遺伝形質と示唆された。南大東島では異なる遺伝的形質を持った雌雄が配偶することが判明しており、雌は配偶者相手の鳴き声を避けることで近親交配を回避する可能性が示唆される。なお本年も北大東島には亜種ダイトウコノハズクが生息していないことを確認した。
    日本学術振興会, 挑戦的研究(萌芽), 北海道大学, 20K21440
  • 衛星追跡で解明する生得的なさえずりを持つ鳥類アカショウビンの生態的種分化
    緒戦的萌芽研究
    2016 - 2018
    高木 昌興
    KAKEN, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding
  • 人為的環境改変によるリュウキュウコノハズク二系統の同所化と浸透性交雑に関する研究
    2016 - 2016
    高木 昌興
    KAKEN 基盤研究B, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding
  • 非学習形質であるフクロウ類の鳴き声の地理的分布は遺伝構造を反映するか？
    基盤研究C
    2012 - 2014
    高木 昌興
    KAKEN, Principal investigator, Competitive research funding
  • 南半球における托卵性鳥類と宿主の軍拡競争の新展開：温帯ドグマからの脱却
    基盤研究A
    2011 - 2014
    上田 恵介
    KAKEN, Competitive research funding
  • Phylo-geographic and evolutionary ecological study of Lepidopteran insects living in owls' nests.
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
    2009 - 2011
    UEDA Keisuke; HIROWATARI Toshiya; YOSHIYASU Hiroshi; TAKAGI Masaoki
    Lepidoptera fauna of five owl species nests was investigated in Japan. Seventeen moth species were identified : Niditinea striolella(Tineidae), Agonopterix sp.(Elachistidae) from Ketupa blakistoni nests ; Monopis longella(=pavlovskii), M. flavidorsalis, M. sp. M. congestella, Niditinea baryspilas, N. striolella, Tineidae sp.(Tineidae), Martyringa ussuriella(Oecophoridae), Mabra charonialis(Crambidae), Pyralis regalis(Pyralidae) from Strix uralensis nests ; Tinea translucens, Niditinea baryspilas(Tineidae) from Ninox scutulata nests ; Opogona sacchari, O. sp. Phaeoses sp. from Otus lempiji nests ; Opogona sacchari, Phaeoses sp., Setomorpha sp.(Tineidae), Endotricha theonalis(Pyralidae) from Otus elegans nests. The role as ecosystem engineers of owls and the relationships between moths and owls were discussed.
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Rikkyo University, 21570102
  • Kin recognition by calls and inbreeding avoidance in an isolated avian population on oceanic island.
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
    2009 - 2011
    TAKAGI Masaoki
    Fledgling male Daito Scops Owls settled in vacant sites near each nest as soon as possible they can after fledging, and fledgling females leisurely settled far away from than their nests. Genetic analyses uncovered that pair formation occurred between unrelated individuals, and extra-pair fertilizations occurred in the population. Heterozygosities in owlets by extra-pair fertilization were higher than by pair fertilization. Females chose genetically dissimilar males as their social mates, and in addition married females accepted copulation with genetically more dissimilar males. It was also suggested that males could recognize the differences in hoot calls. The similarity of hoots between a social father and his son, and the dissimilarity of hoots between a social father of females and the married male are verifying by pedigree analyses of hoots.
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Osaka City University, 21570022
  • Speciation and species classification of allopatric populations : beyond the DNA barcoding
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
    2009 - 2011
    NISHIUMI Isao; YAMASAKI Takeshi; HAMAO Shoji; SEKI Shin-ichi; TAKAGI Masaoki; IWAMI Yasuko; SAITOH Takema; MIZUTA Taku
    Researches on speciation and species classification of allopatric populations of 14 land bird taxa(19 species) were conducted through DNA analyses, morphological analyses and ecological analyses including vocal analysis of songs. As the results, extremely various patterns of the population structure and speciation of land birds in and around the Japanese Archipelago were found. That is to say, molecular analyses suggested that the population structures of land bird species discord with the geological history of the Ryukyu Islands, and extremely various patterns of population differentiations at every species are found. Locations of geographical boundary line are various in each species as well as the degree of genetic differentiation and the age of population division. Furthermore, the degree of morphological division and ecological division are also various and they are not concordant with that of genetic division all time. Evolution of songs may be influenced from coexistence or not of the related species, namely it is 'character displacement' of songs. Morphological adaptive evolution may be accelerated from the adaptive behavior to artificial environmental change, cultivation of nearly whole an islet. We suggested the need of reinvestigation to revision of subspecies in several species, e. g. Ryukyu Scops Owl Otus elegans and Narcissus Flycatcher Ficedula narcissina, and even to revision of species in some species, e. g. Taczanowski's Grasshopper Warbler Locustella pleskei and Brown-eared Bulbul Hypsipetes amaurotis. We have finished revision of species and subspecies only in Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis and White's Thrush Zoothera dauma in the period of this research project, thus the other revisions remain to future studies.
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, 21370039
  • Evolutionary arms race between Australian cuckoos and their hosts.
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
    2006 - 2009
    UEDA Keisuke; EGUCHI Kazuhiro; BISHIUMI Isao; TAKAGI Masaoki; TAKASU Fugo; HAMAO Shoji
    A new anti-parasitism behaviour was observed in the Large-billed Gerygone Gerygone magnirostris and the Mangrove Gerygone G. laevigaster which are hosts of the Little Bronze-cuckoo Chalcites (formally Chrysococcyx) minutillus. This behaviour, termed parasite nestling ejection, involves the physical removal of live parasite nestlings from active nests and represents a type of chick discrimination. The discovery of parasite nestling ejection by Gerygones represented a significant finding for anti-parasitic behaviour research at the nestling stage. Although the Little Bronze-cuckoo seemed to start parasitism to Large-billed Gerygone historically, then they seemed to explore the Mangrove Gerygone as a new host.
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Rikkyo University, 18405009
  • Diverse aspects of cooperative breeding system in the Grey-crowned
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
    2005 - 2008
    EGUGHI Kazuhiro; UEDA Keisuke; TAKAGI Masaoki; NISHIUMI Isao
    協同繁殖種ハイガシラゴウシュウマルハシにおける手伝い行動の適応的意義が雌雄により異なることを明らかにした. 本種は絶対的協同繁殖種であるが, 巣での手伝い行動は繁殖成功の向上をもたらさなかった. 手伝いへの貢献度はオスではメスよりやや低く, ヒナとの血縁度は給餌貢献に影響しなかったが, メスでは, ヒナとの血縁が遠いヘルパーほど貢献度が高かった. この貢献度の性差は,繁殖地位獲得における性差に基づく.
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Kyushu University, 17255003
  • 亜熱帯島嶼に隔離分布するモズにおける環境適応と近親交配の影響
    科学研究費助成事業
    2005 - 2007
    高木 昌興
    平成19年度は,前年度までと同様に野外調査として,南大東島で繁殖するモズを捕獲,計測,採血,繁殖状況の追跡を行った。室内実験として,CHD遺伝子を用いたヒナの性判別,およびマイクロサテライトDNAを用いた親子判定,つがい間の血縁度の算出を行った。巣内雛の性比を体重の順位にしたがって解析した結果,雄雛の割合で表す性比は,0.47-1.57までの変異が認められた。巣内で最も軽い雛が雌に偏る可能性があったが,さらに標本数を増加させて検討する必要がある。父性の判定の結果,南大東島のモズ個体群では,つがい外受精が生じていることがわかった。つがい外受精は,合計62巣中10巣で確認され,その頻度は16%となった。鳥類におけるつがいが受精の確率は5%未満のことが多く,南大東島のつがいが受精率は比較的高い。また,雛レベルでのつがい外受精率は8%で全253巣中21個体が,社会的つがい以外の雄によって受精されたものであった。このような比較的高いつがい外受精率は,南大東島のような隔離された海洋島の特徴であろう。同時進行したダイトウコノハズクの研究は,つがい外受精でできた仔のヘテロ接合度は,つがいの受精による仔よりも高いことがわかった。隔離された狭い血縁個体が多くなる環境下では,つがい外交尾(受精)が適応的な行動と推察された。このためモズも比較的高いっがい外受精率を示したものと思われる。また,他地域におけるモズの孵化率は90%以上が通常であるが,南大東島では60%と極めて低く,個体間でも大きくばらついた。南大東島のモズの遺伝構造は単純で,対立遺伝子数が少なくつがいが血縁個体なった結果と結論された。
    日本学術振興会, 若手研究(B), 大阪市立大学, 17770019
  • Diverse evolution patterns of cooperative breeding in Australian birds
    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
    2002 - 2004
    EGUCHI Kazuhiro; UEDA Keisuke; NAGATA Hfisasii; TAKAGI Masaoki
    1.During the 3-year study period, we found 14-22 groups of the Grey-crowned Babbler and conducted observations : Mean group sizes were 4.21,3.85 and 4.59 respectively : most groups comprising single monogamous pairs with 1-7 auxiliary birds. Sex ratio was almost unity for groups in which all members were successfully sexed for each year : 11:11(six groups), 25:20(13 groups), and 14:12 (nine groups), respectively. Clutch size was 1-4 eggs (two was commonest) and joint-nesting was observed. Major cause of failure was predation but brood reduction due to starvation was rare. Pairs without helpers could not fledge offspring at all. However, for groups with helpers, there was no significant correlation between the number of fledglings and that of helpers. Almost all members of groups provisioned chicks, while there were a few birds giving no help at all. Birds of one-year old provisioned less than those of two-year old or older. Total provision rate was higher in the larger group than the smaller groups, but the difference was not significant. This species could be an obligate cooperative breeder, but the number of helpers did not influence the reproductive success remarkably.
    2.During the 3-year study period, 29 broods (45 nestlings) in total were sexed with the DNA sexing method. Sex ratio of nestlings was male biased : 30 (66.7%) were males and 15 (33.3%) were females. Almost all broods with more than one chick were occupied by either sex. For groups with female-biased helper sex ratio, the sex ratio of broods was male-biased, and vice versa. It is likely that female parents of the Grey-crowned Babbler adjust the sex ratio of a brood according to the sex ratio of helpers and the number of helpers weighted by the age of helpers.
    3.We obtained the evidence about the cooperative breeding in the population of the Red-backed Fairy-wren in the tropic monsoon area. In 2004, five of 17 groups observed accompanied with one or more auxiliary birds (helpers). Total provisioning rate for chicks was higher in the groups with helpers than in the groups without helpers. Although both sexes became helpers, males outnumbered females. All dominant males had black and red plumage, while helper males (=subordinates) had female-like dull plumage.
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kyushu University, 14405007
  • Avian Ecology
    Competitive research funding
  • Inbreeding in Wild Arian Poplulation
    Competitive research funding
  • Evolution of Arian Life History traits
    Competitive research funding
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