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Onodera Yasuyuki
| Research Faculty of Agriculture Fundamental AgriScience Research Applied Bioscience | Associate Professor |
Researcher basic information
■ Degree■ URL
researchmap URL■ Various IDs
Researcher number
- 80374619
Research KeywordResearch Field■ Educational Organization
- Bachelor's degree program, School of Agriculture
- Master's degree program, Graduate School of Agriculture
- Doctoral (PhD) degree program, Graduate School of Agriculture
Research activity information
■ Papers- QTL analysis of femaleness in monoecious spinach and fine mapping of a major QTL using an updated version of chromosome-scale pseudomolecules.
Kaoru Yamano; Akane Haseda; Keisuke Iwabuchi; Takayuki Osabe; Yuki Sudo; Babil Pachakkil; Keisuke Tanaka; Yutaka Suzuki; Atsushi Toyoda; Hideki Hirakawa; Yasuyuki Onodera
PloS one, 19, 2, e0296675, 2024, [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Although spinach is predominantly dioecious, monoecious plants with varying proportions of female and male flowers are also present. Recently, monoecious inbred lines with highly female and male conditions have been preferentially used as parents for F1-hybrids, rather than dioecious lines. Accordingly, identifying the loci for monoecism is an important issue for spinach breeding. We here used long-read sequencing and Hi-C technology to construct SOL_r2.0_pseudomolecule, a set of six pseudomolecules of spinach chromosomes (total length: 879.2 Mb; BUSCO complete 97.0%) that are longer and more genetically complete than our previous version of pseudomolecules (688.0 Mb; 81.5%). Three QTLs, qFem2.1, qFem3.1, and qFem6.1, responsible for monoecism were mapped to SOL_r2.0_pseudomolecule. qFem3.1 had the highest LOD score and corresponded to the M locus, which was previously identified as a determinant of monoecious expression, by genetic analysis of progeny from female and monoecious plants. The other QTLs were shown to modulate the ratio of female to male flowers in monoecious plants harboring a dominant allele of the M gene. Our findings will enable breeders to efficiently produce highly female- and male-monoecious parental lines for F1-hybrids by pyramiding the three QTLs. Through fine-mapping, we narrowed the candidate region for the M locus to a 19.5 kb interval containing three protein-coding genes and one long non-coding RNA gene. Among them, only RADIALIS-like-2a showed a higher expression in the reproductive organs, suggesting that it might play a role in reproductive organogenesis. However, there is no evidence that it is involved in the regulation of stamen and pistil initiation, which are directly related to the floral sex differentiation system in spinach. Given that auxin is involved in reproductive organ formation in many plant species, genes related to auxin transport/response, in addition to floral organ formation, were identified as candidates for regulators of floral sex-differentiation from qFem2.1 and qFem6.1. - QTL analysis of femaleness in monoecious spinach by using chromosome-scale pseudomolecules
Yamano K; Toyoda A; Hirakawa H; Onodera Y
Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan, 63, 48, 49, Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan, 2022
Japanese - A spinach genome assembly with remarkable completeness, and its use for rapid identification of candidate genes for agronomic traits.
Hideki Hirakawa; Atsushi Toyoda; Takehiko Itoh; Yutaka Suzuki; Atsushi J Nagano; Suguru Sugiyama; Yasuyuki Onodera
DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes, 28, 3, 25 Jun. 2021, [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is grown as a nutritious leafy vegetable worldwide. To accelerate spinach breeding efficiency, a high-quality reference genome sequence with great completeness and continuity is needed as a basic infrastructure. Here, we used long-read and linked-read technologies to construct a de novo spinach genome assembly, designated SOL_r1.1, which was comprised of 287 scaffolds (total size: 935.7 Mb; N50 = 11.3 Mb) with a low proportion of undetermined nucleotides (Ns = 0.34%) and with high gene completeness (BUSCO complete 96.9%). A genome-wide survey of resistance gene analogues identified 695 genes encoding nucleotide-binding site domains, receptor-like protein kinases, receptor-like proteins and transmembrane-coiled coil domains. Based on a high-density double-digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing-based linkage map, the genome assembly was anchored to six pseudomolecules representing ∼73.5% of the whole genome assembly. In addition, we used SOL_r1.1 to identify quantitative trait loci for bolting timing and fruit/seed shape, which harbour biologically plausible candidate genes, such as homologues of the FLOWERING LOCUS T and EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR-LIKE genes. The new genome assembly, SOL_r1.1, will serve as a useful resource for identifying loci associated with important agronomic traits and for developing molecular markers for spinach breeding/selection programs. - Molecular evidence for recent divergence of X- and Y-linked gene pairs in Spinacia oleracea L.
Yosuke Okazaki; Satoshi Takahata; Hideki Hirakawa; Yutaka Suzuki; Yasuyuki Onodera
PloS one, 14, 4, e0214949, 2019, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal, Dioecy has evolved recently and independently from cosexual populations in many angiosperm lineages, providing opportunities to understand the evolutionary process underlying this transition. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a dioecious plant with homomorphic sex chromosomes (XY). Although most of the spinach Y chromosome recombines with the X chromosome, a region around the male-determining locus on Y does not recombine with its X counterpart, suggesting that this region might be related to the evolution of dioecy in the species. To identify genes located in the non-recombining region (MSY, male-specific region of Y), RNA-seq analysis of male and female progeny plants (eight each) from a sib-cross of a dioecious line was performed. We discovered only 354 sex-chromosomal SNPs in 219 transcript sequences (genes). We randomly selected 39 sex-chromosomal genes to examine the reproducibility of the RNA-seq results and observed tight linkage to the male-determining locus in a spinach segregating population (140 individuals). Further analysis using a large-scale population (>1400) and over 100 spinach germplasm accessions and cultivars showed that SNPs in at least 12 genes are fully linked to the male-determining locus, suggesting that the genes reside in the spinach MSY. Synonymous substitution rates of the MSY genes and X homologues predict a recent divergence (0.40 ± 0.08 Mya). Furthermore, synonymous divergence between spinach and its wild relative (S. tetrandra), whose sex chromosomes (XY) originated from a common ancestral chromosome, predicted that the species diverged around 5.7 Mya. Assuming that dioecy in Spinacia evolved before speciation within the genus and has a monophyletic origin, our data suggest that recombination around the spinach sex-determining locus might have stopped significantly later than the evolution of dioecy in Spinacia. - Molecular insights into the non-recombining nature of the spinach male-determining region.
Tomohiro Kudoh; Mitsuhiko Takahashi; Takayuki Osabe; Atsushi Toyoda; Hideki Hirakawa; Yutaka Suzuki; Nobuko Ohmido; Yasuyuki Onodera
Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG, 293, 2, 557, 568, Apr. 2018, [Peer-reviewed], [International Magazine]
English, Scientific journal - Comparison of Spinach Sex Chromosomes with Sugar Beet Autosomes Reveals Extensive Synteny and Low Recombination at the Male-Determining Locus
Satoshi Takahata; Takumi Yago; Keisuke Iwabuchi; Hideki Hirakawa; Yutaka Suzuki; Yasuyuki Onodera
JOURNAL OF HEREDITY, 107, 7, 679, 685, 2016, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Two male sterility-inducing cytoplasms of beet (Beta vulgaris) are genetically distinct but have closely related mitochondrial genomes: implication of a substoichiometric mitochondrial DNA molecule in their evolution
Yasuyuki Onodera; Takumi Arakawa; Rika Yui-Kurino; Masayuki P. Yamamoto; Kazuyoshi Kitazaki; Shigehiko Ebe; Muneyuki Matsunaga; Kazunori Taguchi; Yosuke Kuroda; Shiko Yamashita; Tomoyuki Sakai; Toshiro Kinoshita; Tetsuo Mikami; Tomohiko Kubo
EUPHYTICA, 206, 2, 365, 379, Nov. 2015, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Evidence for a Common Origin of Homomorphic and Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes in Distinct Spinacia Species
Satoshi Fujito; Satoshi Takahata; Reimi Suzuki; Yoichiro Hoshino; Nobuko Ohmido; Yasuyuki Onodera
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS, 5, 8, 1663, 1673, Aug. 2015, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - An analysis of genetic differentiation and geographical variation of spinach germplasm using SSR markers
Kouhei Kuwahara; Reimi Suzuki; Yusuke Ito; Tetsuo Mikami; Yasuyuki Onodera
PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION, 12, 2, 185, 190, Aug. 2014, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Molecular evidence that the genes for dioecism and monoecism in Spinacia oleracea L. are located at different loci in a chromosomal region
K. Yamamoto; Y. Oda; A. Haseda; S. Fujito; T. Mikami; Y. Onodera
HEREDITY, 112, 3, 317, 324, Mar. 2014, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Mapping of AFLP and BAC-derived SCAR markers linked to the monoecious gene of spinach
Oda Yuji; Yamamoto Kazuki; Onodera Yasuyuki; Mikami Tetsuo
Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan, 52, 3, 4, The Crop Science Society of Japan, Dec. 2011
Japanese - Mapping of the genes for dioecism and monoecism in Spinacia oleracea L.: evidence that both genes are closely linked
Yasuyuki Onodera; Itaru Yonaha; Hiroki Masumo; Atsushi Tanaka; Satoshi Niikura; Seishi Yamazaki; Tetsuo Mikami
PLANT CELL REPORTS, 30, 6, 965, 971, Jun. 2011, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Monoecy and gynomonoecy in Spinacia oleracea L.: Morphological and genetic analyses
Yasuyuki Onodera; Itaru Yonaha; Satoshi Niikura; Seishi Yamazaki; Tetsuo Mikami
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE, 118, 3, 266, 269, Oct. 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Sex-biased lethality or transmission of defective transcription machinery in arabidopsis
Yasuyuki Onodera; Kosuke Nakagawa; Jeremy R. Haag; Diane Pikaard; Tetsuo Mikami; Thomas Ream; Yusuke Ito; Craig S. Pikaard
GENETICS, 180, 1, 207, 218, Sep. 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - A male sterility-associated mitochondrial protein in wild beets causes pollen disruption in transgenic plants
Masayuki P. Yamamoto; Hiroshi Shinada; Yasuyuki Onodera; Chihiro Komaki; Tetsuo Mikami; Tomohiko Kubo
PLANT JOURNAL, 54, 6, 1027, 1036, Jun. 2008, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Synergism between RPBF Dof and RISBZ1 bZIP activators in the regulation of rice seed expression genes
Masayuki P. Yamamoto; Yasuyuki Onodera; Satoru M. Touno; Fumio Takaiwa
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 141, 4, 1694, 1707, Aug. 2006, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Plant nuclear RNA polymerase IV mediates siRNA and DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin formation
Y Onodera; Haag, JR; T Ream; PC Nunes; O Pontes; CS Pikaard
CELL, 120, 5, 613, 622, Mar. 2005, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - A rice functional transcriptional activator, RISBZ1, responsible for endosperm-specific expression of storage protein genes through GCN4 motif
Y Onodera; A Suzuki; CY Wu; H Washida; F Takaiwa
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 276, 17, 14139, 14152, Apr. 2001, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Quantitative nature of the Prolamin-box, ACGT and AACA motifs in a rice glutelin gene promoter: minimal cis-element requirements for endosperm-specific gene expression
CY Wu; H Washida; Y Onodera; K Harada; F Takaiwa
PLANT JOURNAL, 23, 3, 415, 421, Aug. 2000, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Heterogeneity of the atp6 presequences in normal and different sources of male-sterile cytoplasms of sugar beet
Y Onodera; MP Yamamoto; T Kubo; T Mikami
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 155, 4-5, 656, 660, Oct. 1999, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Recombination events across the atpA-associated repeated sequences in the mitochondrial genomes of beets
M Senda; Y Onodera; T Mikami
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS, 96, 6-7, 964, 968, May 1998, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - Cytoplasmic diversity in leaf beet cultivars as revealed by mitochondrial DNA analysis
M Senda; Y Onodera; T Mikami
HEREDITAS, 128, 2, 127, 132, 1998, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - MITOCHONDRIAL GENE VARIATION AND PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS IN THE GENUS BETA
M SENDA; Y ONODERA; T KINOSHITA; T MIKAMI
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS, 90, 7-8, 914, 919, Jun. 1995, [Peer-reviewed]
English, Scientific journal - テンサイS-3型雄性不稔株で固有に発現している2種のORF
小野寺康之; 久保友彦; 三上哲夫
てん菜研究会報, 37, 1, 6, 1995
Japanese, Scientific journal - 野生ビート由来のS-2型およびS-3型雄性不稔細胞質におけるmtDNAの構造比較
小野寺康之; 久保友彦; 木下俊郎; 三上哲夫
てん菜研究会報, 36, 122, 129, 1994 - テンサイ異型細胞質下でのO型花粉親による花粉稔性回復
木下俊郎; 小野寺康之
てん菜研究会報, 34, 16, 21, 1992
- Characterization of male sterility found in super-male spinach plants and the search for candidate genes responsible for the trait
前田秀亮; 平川英樹; 白澤健太; 磯部洋子; 小野寺康之, 育種学研究, 26, 2024 - QTL analysis of femaleness in monoecious spinach
山野薫; 豊田敦; 平川英樹; 小野寺康之, 育種学研究, 24, 2022 - Comparative analysis of sex chromosomes in Spinacia species
小野寺康之; 藤田拓希; 杉山優; 豊田敦; 平川英樹, 育種学研究, 23, 2021 - Expression pattern analysis of candidate genes for dioecism and monoecism in spinach
須藤有紀; 長部高之; 平川英樹; 鈴木穣; 小野寺康之, 育種学研究, 22, 2020 - Characterization of candidate genes for dioecism and monoecism in spinach.
小野寺康之; 須藤有紀; 平川英樹; 鈴木穣, 園芸学研究 別冊, 19, 1, 2020 - QTL analysis of important agronomic traits in spinach using pseudomolecules
小野寺康之; 杉山優; 豊田敦; 伊藤武彦; 鈴木穣; 永野惇; 平川英樹, 育種学研究, 22, 2020 - ホウレンソウY染色体雄特異的領域の座乗遺伝子同定および進化年代推定
岡崎洋助; 平川英樹; 鈴木穣; 小野寺康之, 園芸学研究 別冊, 18, 1, 2019 - ホウレンソウの性決定候補遺伝子の探索
長部高之; 岩渕恵佑; 平川英樹; 鈴木穣; 小野寺康之; 小野寺康之, 育種学研究, 21, 2019 - Structual analysis of candidate genes for sex-determination in the genus Spinacia
岡崎洋助; 平川英樹; 小野寺康之, 日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会会報(Web), 60, 2019 - Expression analysis of candidate genes for dioecism and monoecism in spinach
須藤有紀; 長部高之; 平川英樹; 鈴木穣; 小野寺康之, 日本育種学会・日本作物学会北海道談話会会報(Web), 60, 2019 - ホウレンソウの雄決定遺伝子座周辺から見出された組換抑制領域の分子構造
小野寺康之; 工藤友裕; 高橋光彦; 長部高之; 豊田敦; 平川英樹; 鈴木穣; 近江戸伸子, 園芸学研究 別冊, 17, 1, 2018 - ホウレンソウの性染色体における組換え抑制領域の進化年代の推定
岡崎洋助; 平川英樹; 鈴木穣; 小野寺康之, 育種学研究, 20, 2018 - ホウレンソウ性染色体とテンサイ常染色体の比較解析
高畠聡史; 岩渕恵佑; 平川英樹; 小野寺康之, 育種学研究, 18, 2016 - トランスクリプトーム情報を利用したホウレンソウ性連鎖遺伝子群の網羅的同定
高畠聡史; 平川英樹; 鈴木穣; 小野寺康之, 育種学研究, 17, 2015 - ホウレンソウから見出された連鎖関係にある二つの性決定遺伝子座のマッピング
織田祐二; 長谷田茜; 堀英朗; 小野寺康之; 三上哲夫, 育種学研究, 14, 287, 14 Sep. 2012
Japanese - 性連鎖マーカーを用いたホウレンソウの雄性および間性決定遺伝子に関する対立性検定
山本和輝; 織田裕二; 長谷田茜; 小野寺康之; 三上哲夫, 育種学研究, 14, 111, 29 Mar. 2012
Japanese - Tests for allelism between the genes for dioecism and monoecism in spinach
Yamamoto K; Onodera Y; Mikami T, Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan, 0, 51, 65, 66, Dec. 2010
The Crop Science Society of Japan, Japanese - ホウレンソウの雌雄性を支配するX/Y遺伝子座周辺領域の分子連鎖地図の構築
小野寺康之; 増茂弘規; 与那覇至; 三上哲夫, 園芸学研究 別冊, 9, 1, 341, 21 Mar. 2010
Japanese - Genetic characterization of cosexuality in Spinacia oleracea
Yonaha I; Onodera Y; Mikami T, Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan, 0, 48, 111, 112, Dec. 2007
The Crop Science Society of Japan, Japanese - Genetic characterization of cosexuality in Spinacia oleracea
Yonaha I; Onodera Y; Mikami T, Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan, 0, 47, 51, 52, Dec. 2006
The Crop Science Society of Japan, Japanese - Expression of Altered Mitochondrial Genes in Male-Sterile Cytoplasms Derived from Wild Beets.
山本将之; 小野寺康之; 久保友彦; 三上哲夫, てん菜研究会報, 39, 11, 16, Oct. 1998
甘味資源振興会, Japanese - Expression of Mitochondrial orf129 Gene Found in Male‐Sterile Sugarbeet.
山本将之; 小野寺康之; 久保友彦; 三上哲夫, 日本分子生物学会年会プログラム・講演要旨集, 20th, 631, Dec. 1997
Japanese - The sugar beet mitochondrial gene for the ATPase 6‐subunit: sequence, transcription and translation in CMS cytoplasm derived from wild beets.
小野寺康之; 坂井友幸; 山本将之; 久保友彦; 三上哲夫, 育種学雑誌, 47, bessatsu 1, 92, 1997
Japanese - 花粉の退化を引き起こすミトコンドリア遺伝子の検索
小野寺 康之; 久保 友彦; 三上 哲夫, 日本分子生物学会年会プログラム・講演要旨集, 19, 0, 753, 753, 01 Aug. 1996
Japanese - ミトコンドリアゲノムマッピングによるテンサイ雄性不稔細胞質の起源の推定
井上 匡人; 小野寺 康之; 西澤 さつき; 菅原 彰; 久保 友彦; 三上 哲夫, 日本分子生物学会年会プログラム・講演要旨集, 19, 0, 753, 753, 01 Aug. 1996
Japanese - Physical mapping of the mitochondrial genome in S-3 cytoplasm derived from wild beet
Onodera Y; Kubo T; Mikami T; Kinoshita T, Report of the Hokkaido Branch, the Japanese Society of Breeding and Hokkaido Branch, the Crop Science Society of Japan, 0, 34, 88, 89, Dec. 1993
The Crop Science Society of Japan, Japanese
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- New developlents of breeding and evolutionary studies taken advantage of using information of porotein three-dimensional structures by Alphafold2
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
30 Jun. 2023 - 31 Mar. 2026
平川 英樹; 小野寺 康之
現在、多型解析に基づく育種形質、栽培化形質および適応形質などの原因遺伝子の同定に向けた研究が行われているが、その特定までに至るには困難なことが多い。その理由の一つとして、発現されたタンパク質が最終的に形質に影響を与えるにも関わらず。アミノ酸残基の変異がタンパク質の機能や活性に与える影響に関する視点からの評価軸が欠けていることが挙げられる。ゲノム網羅的な多型解析で検出される膨大な数のSNPの中から有力な原因遺伝子の候補を絞り込む上で、この新たな視点を加える意義は大きい。非同義置換が生じたアミノ酸残基の立体構造上の位置を特定し、立体構造から予測された機能部位に含まれるものをタンパク質の機能・活性に直接的に影響を与える「高次機能的SNP」として定義する。今年度の実績としては、ホウレンソウについて各国の品種におけるゲノムワイドなSNPを調べ、トマトについては、栽培種と野生種におけるSNPを調べ、さらに、dwarf遺伝子における機能的SNPをMicro-Tomにおいて検出した。アブラナ属作物については、染色体レベルで解読された植物種をNCBIのGenomesデータベースにおいて調べ、それらの中から作物を選出し、今後、高次機能的SNPに関する解析を行う。検出された「高次機能的SNP」について、種間・種内変異や形質変異、栽培地域との関連性の検証を通じて、栽培化や育種および適応進化に寄与した遺伝子を迅速に同定し、効率的な育種に役立つ研究基盤を構築する。
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory), Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 23K18039 - Development of functional SNPs of crops and its application for identification of useful genes
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2022 - 31 Mar. 2026
平川 英樹; 小野寺 康之; 増田 税
遺伝子機能に直接的に影響を及ぼしうる「機能的SNP」を多様な作物について明らかにし、次世代シークエンサーから得られる膨大な量のSNPの中から形質に関連性があると考えられるものを絞り込むことで、原因遺伝子の同定を目指す。さらに、優良形質などの選抜の高精度化を行い、育種の効率化を図るため、本研究では「機能的SNP」に関する情報基盤の整備を行なう。総務省統計局で公表されている作付面積と収穫量が多い31植物種を含むNCBIから入手した201植物種のゲノムデータのうち、遺伝子が公開されている119種について実施したUniProtKB、Araport、EggNOGに対する配列相同性解析の結果およびRGAuguryを用いたストレス耐性遺伝子候補の検索結果を集約したアノテーション表をGene Curation DS(https://fgi.kazusa.or.jp/gcds/)から公開した。「機能的SNP」の開発に関しては、トマトとホウレンソウを対象として実施し、世界各国でシークエンスされた様々な品種(系統)についてのリシークエンスデータを用いてSNPを検出した。ホウレンソウについては、ホウレンソウの高精度なゲノム配列を解読し、ペプチドの予測を行っている。また、「機能的SNP」を整備するため、遺伝子予測を進めている。一方、キュウリモザイクウイルス黄斑系(CMV-Y)に対する抵抗性系統と感受性系統に対する接種試験を行ない、「機能的SNP」の有用性を調べる。そのために、CMV-Y抵抗性形質が分離する系統03-009の抵抗性株および感受性株を用いてQTL-seq解析を行い、抵抗性遺伝子座をマップした。さらに、同座に関する精密マッピングを行い、「機能的SNP」情報を活用して、抵抗性候補遺伝子を絞り込んだ。
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 23K23586 - Development of functional SNPs of crops and its application for identification of useful genes
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2022 - 31 Mar. 2026
平川 英樹; 小野寺 康之; 増田 税
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 22H02321 - Identification of genes responsible for agronomic traits under reproductive stage in spinach, by using a high quality genome sequence.
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2021 - 31 Mar. 2024
小野寺 康之
1.ホウレンソウの生殖関連形質制御遺伝子を効率的に同定するための環境整備として、これまでに構築したホウレンソウゲノム配列品質の高度化を試みた.Hi-Cリードを用いて、ドラフトゲノムアセンブリのスキャフォールディングを行い、さらにはSNP連鎖地図情報(Hirakawa et al. 2021)を用いて6本のPseudomoleculesから構成されるリファレンスゲノム配列(全長 875.6 Mb, BUSCO complete 95.8%)を構築した.このリファレンスゲノム配列を用いて、以前実施した系統間交雑後代(F2世代)の形質(雌性率)およびSNP情報を用いてQTL解析行なった結果,これまでに第2および第3連鎖群から同定されたQTL qFem2.1およびqFem3.1に加えて、第6連鎖群からQTL qFem6.1が同定された.また,QTL間の交互作用に基づいて,qFem3.1領域に間性決定を担う主働遺伝子(M)が座乗し,qFem2.1およびqFem6.1領域にはMに対する変更因子が座乗することが示唆された.
2.低雌花率間性系統03-336および雌雄異株系統03-009間のF2世代から,マーカーを用いて間性主働遺伝子(M)優性アレルのホモ接合体(MM株)を72個体選抜し,これらの雌花率を調査した.その結果,qFem2.1領域にMに対する変更因子が座乗することを支持する.さらに,F3世代を用いた解析からも,同様の結論を支持する結果が得られた.
3.先行研究(Hirakawa et al. 2021)において同定した抽苔性制御QTL qBt3.1およびqBt3.2領域に座乗するFTホモログの発現を調査した.その結果,QTL qBt3.1に座乗するコピーの発現が日周変動を示すことが判明し,先行研究(Abe et al. 2014)とは異なる結果が得られた.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hokkaido University, 21K05525 - Studies on the masculinization mechanism of spinach.
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2018 - 31 Mar. 2021
Onodera Yasuyuki
Spinach is known as a dioecious species, but certain varieties, lines and populations produce monoecious plants bearing both pistillate and staminate flowers. In this study, the candidate (Y-orf) for male determining gene was identified based on RNA-seq analysis and found to be expressed in a rib zone and cambium layers of an early inflorescence apex in a male plant. The candidate gene, M-orf, for monoecism were shown to be expressed in anthers and ovules in early staminate and pistillate florets. To evaluate function of the candidate genes, transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plants containing Y-orf and M-orf were produced. Some of transgenic plants produced morphologically altered flowers, however, which did not clearly suggested female-suppressing function of the candidate genes.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hokkaido University, 18K05609 - Studies on genomic structure and evolution of spinach sex-determining loci
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
01 Apr. 2014 - 31 Mar. 2017
Onodera Yasuyuki
Spinach is commonly known as a dioecious species. However, certain lines and crosses produce monoecious individuals. Dioecism and monoecism are of relevance in commercial hybrid seed production, and elucidation of the mechanisms underlying sex determination is valuable for spinach breeding programs. Sex expression in dioecious spinach plants is controlled by a single gene pair termed X and Y. Meiotic recombination was found suppressed in the vicinity of the male-determining locus (Y). A locus controlling the monoecious condition (M) is linked to X/Y locus at 12 cM.
In this study, we identified 220 genes linked to X/Y locus, part of which were found to be located in the recombinationally suppressed region. The locus for monoecism was confined to a 25-kbp chromosomal segment.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Hokkaido University, 26292001 - Narrowing the genomic regions responsible for sex determination in spinach
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2011 - 2013
ONODERA Yasuyuki
Spinach is widely known to be dioecious. However, monoecious plants can also occur in this species. Sex expression in dioecious spinach plants is controlled by a single gene pair termed X and Y. Our previous study showed that a single, incompletely dominant gene, which controls the monoecious condition, is linked to X/Y.
The four Y-linked AFLP markers developed in this study were converted into sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Linkage analysis using the four SCAR markers and three already-known Y-linked markers suggested that recombination is suppressed around the male-determining gene (Y). Analysis of spinach genomic BAC clones isolated with the Y-linked markers suggested that the male-specific (non-recombining) region is at least larger than 840 kbp. Further, most part of this chromosomal region was found to be accounted for by interspersed repeated elements, e.g. retroposons, while only a few protein-coding genes were identified in this region.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hokkaido University, 23580001 - Studies for different reproductive strategies in Chenopodiaceae crops
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2009 - 2011
MIKAMI Tetsuo; ONODERA Yasuyuki
Sugar beet and spinach, members of Chenopodiaceae, have evolved different strategies to prevent self-fertilization and promote outcrossing. The former has developed cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and the latter has evolved dioecism. Molecular mechanisms of the CMS and the dioecism in the crops were analyzed to understand the diversity of reproductive strategies in plants.
In sugar beet, Owen CMS-associated pre-SATP6 is a mitochondrial membrane protein that assembles into a homogeneous 200-KDa protein complex. Here we found that the product of a nuclear restorer gene (Rf1) for Owen CMS interacts with preSATP6, resulting in the significant reduction of the 200-KDa protein complex and restoration of pollen fertility. We also identified at least 16 distinct alleles in the Rf1 locus from sugar beet and its close relatives, using a variety of DNA markers. The molecular mechanisms of other sources of CMS and evolution of Rf1 locus are worthy of further investigation.
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a dioecious plant. Our study revealed that its wild relatives, S. turkestanica and S. tetrandra, are also dioecious plants with unisexual flowers morphologically quite similar to those of spinach. We identified male specific DNA sequences in spinach, which were also found to be male-specific for all accessions of S. turkestanica and some accessions of S. tetrandra examined. The accessions from the wild species were shown to possess chloroplast intergenic sequences (trnL-rpl32) identical to that of spinach (S. oleracea). However, most accessions of S. tetrandra lack the DNA sequences specific for male spinaches, whose trnL-rpl32 sequences are distinctive from that of spinach. The results suggested that the sex determining locus and sex chromosomes are differentiated among members of genus Spinacia.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Hokkaido University, 21380001 - Studies on genetic mechanisms controlling expression of the monoecious character in spinach
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2008 - 2010
ONODERA Yasuyuki
Spinach is generally considered as a dioecious species, while monoecious individuals with both sex functions can be found in certain varieties and lines. We showed that a single, incompletely dominant gene is responsible for the monoecious character. The gene was found to be located at a distance of 4.3cM from microsatellite marker SO4, which mapped 1.6cM from X/Y controlling sexual dimorphism in dioecious lines. This indicates that the monoecious gene is allelic to or closely linked to the X/Y gene pair.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Hokkaido University, 20580001 - Molecular analysis of interaction between male-sterility inducing gene and fertility restorer in sugar beet
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2006 - 2010
KUBO Tomohiko; MIKAMI Tetsuo; ONODERA Yasuyuki
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) has been reported in more than 140 angiosperm species. Genes responsible for CMS (S gene) are encoded in mitochondrial genomes, while plants with S gene are male fertile when the plants have nuclear genes termed restorer of fertility (Rf). Molecular mechanism of the interaction between S and Rf genes was investigated in this study using sugar beet. Protein-protein interaction was detected between preSatp6, an S gene, and Rf1. This interaction was observed only in anthers in which Rf1 was expressed. This study identified nuclear genes that were suppressed in CMS anthers. It was inferred that deleterious mutation could be inherited through pollen. This possibility was investigated using Arabidopsis mutant with defect in the genes encoding RNA polymerase. This mutation was confirmed to be transmitted through pollen. Spinach is a monoecious species with male heterogamety system. However, dioecious or hermaphroditic spinach emerges when an M gene exists. This study revealed that male determining gene and the M gene located on the same linkage group but resided in different genetic loci.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas, Hokkaido University, 18075001 - ホウレンソウ性決定遺伝子の同定
科学研究費助成事業
2006 - 2007
小野寺 康之
ホウレンソウには雄花のみを着生させる雄株および雌花のみを着生させる雌株に加え、雌花と雄花あるいは両性花が様々な比率で混成する多様な間性が見出される。
これまでの研究で、我々は花器形態に基づいて5種類の間性自殖系統を雌雄異花同株および雌花両性花同株の二つのタイプに分類できることを明らかにした。さらに、雌花形成割合(雌性率)および各間性形質の遺伝様式に基づいて、これらの間性系統の性型を4型(I型〜IV型)に分類した。本研究では、これまで解析に用いてきた間性系統の中で最も雌性率が低く、雌雄異花同株タイプに属する系統(03-336)が示す1型間性の発現を支配する遺伝子の同定を試みた。
03-009♀x03-336によって得られたF1個体を雄株(系統03-009:XY)と交配してBC1世代を作出し、2007年4月から6月にかけてこのBC1集団を北海道大学構内のビニールハウス内で育成した。当該F1集団および前述のBC1集団のおよそ半数からY遺伝子マーカーが検出されたことに加えて、それらの全ての個体が雌性率0%(雄株)を示したことからY遺伝子はI型間性の発現を支配する遺伝子に対して優性もしくは上位性を示すと結論づけた.さらに、このBC1世代(169個体)において,雄株:間性株:雌株=2:1:1の比に適合する分離が生じていることも判明した(x^2検定,ρ=0.372).雌雄決定遺伝子XおよびYに加えてI型間性遺伝子としてM遺伝子を想定することによって,雄株:間性株:雌株=2:1:1(XY;Mm:XY;mm:XX;Mm:XX;mm=1:1:1:1)の分離が当該BC1世代で生じることが説明できる.
日本学術振興会, 若手研究(B), 北海道大学, 18780001 - Molecular and genetical dissection ofthe mechanism underlying cytoplasmic male sterility in sugar beet
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
2004 - 2007
MIKAMI Tetsuo; KUBO Tomohiko; ONODERA Yasuyuki
Dissecting the nature of male-sterility encoding mitochondrial gene(s) and the nuclear genes (named Rf) that suppress male sterility is quite instructive in understanding the mechanism of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in sugar beet. Here we attempted to clone and characterize the Rf1 locus which controls fertility restoration in sugar beet CMS. The results are as follows.
1. We were able to restrict the possible location of the Rf1 locus to a minimum of six BAC clones spanning an interval of about 260kb. The nucleotide sequencing of the 260-kb region revealed 28 ORFs.
2. Among the 28 ORFs, we found four ORFs which are specifically expressed in flower buds and targeted to mitochondria.
3. The four ORFs are adjacent to one another and all code for metalloprotease. We designated the ORFs MPLs. Interestingly, in a nonrestoring (rf1rf1) genotype we identified homologous ORFs that exhibit deletions and are not expressed in flower buds.
4. In situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that expression of MPLs is confined to the tapetal cells of anthers at the microspore tetrad and young microspore stages. Taken together, our observations suggest strongly that MPLs
5. In an attempt to correlate mitochondrial lesions with cellular metabolic processes in sterile anthers, we found an anther-specific lipid transfer protein gene (named LTP).The gene was revealed to be highly expressed in the tapetal cells of fertile anthers at the young microspore stage but not in sterile anthers throughout flower development. It is most likely that the expression of LTP is down-regulated in the tapetum in response to mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent physiological changes caused by CMS cytoplasm.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Hokkaido University, 16208001 - 葯におけるミトコンドリア機能の阻害誘導-雄性不稔の機序解明に向けて
科学研究費助成事業
2004 - 2005
三上 哲夫; 久保 友彦; 小野寺 康之
今年度の研究成果は次のように要約される。
[1]前年度までに、ミトコンドリア型ピルビン酸脱水酵素(PDH)を標的にしたアンチセンス法により、タペート細胞のミトコンドリア機能が損われた形質転換タバコを作成した。半数の形質転換タバコは花粉不稔を示した。これらの花粉不稔タバコを供試し、光学顕微鏡下で葯におけるタペート細胞の形態を調べた。
[2]正常型のタバコ野生株では、小胞手前期にタペート細胞が消失し始める。これに対して花粉不稔タバコにおいては、タペート細胞が肥大し小胞子を押しつぶす事例がしばしば監察された。肥大したタペートでは多核化や液胞化が生じている。
[3]DAPI染色によりタペート細胞を観察した。正常型のタバコ野性株では、四分子期にタペート細胞が目立って発達するのに対して、花粉不稔タバコではこのような発達が認められず、四分子の構成胞子の一部に細胞壁の陥没や変形がみられた。小胞子前期に至ると、正常株のタペート細胞では核が収縮しDAPI蛍光のシグナルも強くなる傾向が認められた。一方、花粉不稔タバコのタペートにおいては、多核化が確認されるとともに、核の収縮はみられず、また蛍光シグナルの強度も変化しない。
[4]花粉不稔タバコの葯で発現の阻害又は亢進の生じている遺伝子を探索した。その結果、lipid transfer proteinをコードする遺伝子の転写が小胞子前期で阻害されていることが判明した。
[5]アセトアルデヒド脱水素酵素(ALDH)はPDHのバイパス経路にかかわる酵素の1つである。ALDHのコード遺伝子については、花粉不稔タバコの葯において転写が小胞子前期で若干亢進している傾向が認められた。
日本学術振興会, 萌芽研究, 北海道大学, 16658002
